What are Atoms Made Of?

Protons (+)

Neutrons (no charge)

Electrons (-)

Electricity – what’s it about?Electricity – what’s it about?

Electrons want to be with protons (opposites attract)

Electrons will move when there are not enough protons to “go

around”

Electricity flows from areas which are negative to areas which are positive

Electronics--Basics

I. Electricity is caused by the movement of electrons.

A. Electricity flows from negative(-) to positive(+)

+ V110V

R21k

R11k

We can control the flow of electricity if we connect a positive and negative

charge with a path for the electrons to flow

This closed path by which we control the flow of electrons is called a circuit.

Electronics--Basics

I. Electricity is caused by the movement of electrons.

A. Electricity always flows from negative to positiveB. Electricity must follow a circuit

Electricity can be compared to the flow of water in a pipe

water --> electrons

pipe --> wire

“water pressure” --> voltage

The amount of water wanting to flow through the pipe

Electronics--Basics

I. Electricity is caused by the movement of electrons.

A. Electricity always flows from negative to positive

B. Electricity must follow a circuit

II. 3 Elements of a Circuit

A. Voltage--Amount of electrical force applied to a circuit

Electricity can be compared to the flow of water in a pipe

water --> electrons

pipe --> wire

“speed of water” --> current

The number of water molecules that pass a given point in a given time

Electronics--Basics

I. Electricity is caused by the movement of electrons.

A. Electricity always flows from negative to positive

B. Electricity must follow a circuit

II.Three Fundamental Elements of a Circuit

A. Voltage--Amount of electrical force applied to a circuit

B. Current--Number of electrons which pass a point over a given time

Electricity can be compared to the flow of water in a pipe

water --> electrons

pipe --> wire

“kink in hose” --> resistance

Twisting a hose causes the water to “slow down”

Electronics--Basics

I. Electricity is caused by the movement of electrons.

A. Electricity always flows from negative to positive

B. Electricity must follow a circuit

II.Three Fundamental Elements of a Circuit

A. Voltage--Amount of electrical force applied to a circuit

B. Current-- Number of electrons which pass a point over a given time

C. Resistance--Anything that slows down the flow of electricity

R11k

+ V110V

Provides the “build up” of electrons--just waiting to take off

Path for Electricity to Flow

+ V110V

+ V110V

Electronics--Basics

I. Electricity is caused by the movement of electrons.

A. Electricity always flows from negative to positive

B. Electricity must follow a circuit

II. Three Fundamental Elements of a Circuit

A. Voltage--The amount of electrical force applied to a circuit

B. Current-- The number of electrons which pass a point over a given time

C. Resistance--Anything that slows down the flow of electricity

III. Four Basic parts of a circuit

A. Power Source

B. Path for electricity to flow

R11k

+ V110V

This controls the flow of electricity by breaking the circuit and cutting off the

electron path

By slowing down the flow of electricity, it changes electrical

energy into other forms of energy

R11k

+ V110V

Electronics--BasicsI. Electricity is caused by the movement of electrons.

A. Electricity always flows from negative to positive

B. Electricity must follow a circuit

II. Three Fundamental Elements of a Circuit

A. Voltage--The amount of electrical force applied to a circuit

B. Current-- The number of electrons which pass a point over a given time

C. Resistance--Anything that slows down the flow of electricity

III. Four Basic parts of a circuit

A. Power Source

B. Path for electricity to flow

C. Resistance (Consuming Device)D. Switch

Some electronic components

• Resistor – slows down flow

• Potentiometer – a resistor you can change the value of

• Capacitor – stores energy

• Photocell- changes resistance based on the amount of light