,p Herbert Acquay 12/09/99 08:07 AM

w?F-~ r rwmt 'lh- - cat.? -I: ,-I-w,- %A- b. - ---w.. -+ - -, "tr-t

Extn: 85781 CEF Subject: PDF A: Conservation of habitats and species of global significance in arid and semi-arid ecosystems in

Balochistan

Dear Rafael:

The CEF Secretariat has reviewed the above PDF A and has the following comments:

(a) the proposed PDF A is eligible under OP # 1 because its objectives are consistent with those of OP#l ;

(b) the CEF has successfully supported similar community based approaches to biodiversity conservation in Pakistan and we hope that they would serve as models to replicate with support from the government and other donors; and

(c) Efforts should be made as the project is developed to secure co-financing from the intended beneficiaries and other key stakeholders.

Sincerely, Herbert Acquay

P

To: Rafael.Asenjo@Undp.Org cc: Gefbio-lw

Ramon Prudencio C. De Mesa

TEL: 2 1 2 - 9 0 6 - 5 8 2 5 P. 001 .-. .

@ .United Nations Development Programme rn Date: 1 211 111 999

To: Mr. Kenneth King Assistant Chief Executive Officer GEF Secretariat

Mr. Lars Vidaeus. Chief Global Environment Division. World Bank

Mr. Ahmed Djoghlaf GEF Executive Coordinator UNEP, Nairobi, Kenya

Pages: 1 6 Fax: 202-522-3240

,< - From:

I Subject:PDF A Funding for Medium Size Project: Conservation o f habitats and Species of Global Significance in Arid and Semi-Arid Ecosystems in Balochistan, Pakistan

Please find attached for your review and comments a PDF Block A request for funding entitled; Conservation of habitats and Species of Global Significance in Arid and Semi-Arid Ecosystems in Balochistan, Pakistan

We would appreciate receiving your comments no later than 22 November 99

Thank you.

UNDP-GEF 304 Essl: 4Sdr Smcr, lOrh Floor. Ncw York. NY 10017 Tel. (212) 906-5408 Far. (212) WM6998.

NO\;. -1.5' 9 9 ( W O K ) 1 7 : 4 4 UNDPlRBXP

Su~tainablc L;sc Spcclalist Group

PROJECT PROPOSAL BLOCK A PDF

PART I - ELIGIEULITY

I. Project Name: Conservation of habitats and apecies of global significance in arid and semi-arid ecosystems though cowmuiiity-based co-management in Balochistan, Pakistan.

7 -, GEF Implementing Acency: United Ntxions Development Program

3. Country or Countries in which the project i e being hplemontod: Pakistan

4. County eugibility: CBD ratification: 26 July 1994

,=- 5. GEF focal arc%($) andlor cross-cutling issues: Biodiversity

6. Operational programtshort-term mensurc: O.P. 1 : Arid & Semi-arid Ecosystems

Project linkage to national priorities, rction plane, and pro~rams: Sustainability nnd Consmation is rhe focus of National Conservation Srrategy (NCS) which lays great stress on sustainable use of wild living resources that ensures their viability and preservation 7118 Balochism Conservation Suategy @CS) also plnces emphasis on canserving biodiversity through sustduable use. The Biodiversity &tion Plan (Ba) for Pakistan identifies tl~t need to strengthen b e management af Pakistan's n a d resource utilization programs and its recommendations specific to this projeot include UIC following:

a) To create conditions and incenuves for biodiversity conservation at the local communiry level;

b) T o strengthen and apply more broadly the tools and technologies for conserving biodiversity; and

C) To strengthen human knowledge, will and capacity to coilserve biologicd diversity;

The project will be contributing to dl these actiorls identified by the BAP.

The habitatslspecies to be conserved have beon identified as priority areas/ species to be conserved in the Biodiversity Action Plan. The Balochistm Conservation Strategy, a govarnmmnt of BaloclGstan policy documen6 dso

PDB- A for CEP Medlum Sale Project 1

h'0V.-11'99lTHUl 1 6 8 5 0 UNDPIRBAP

Sushiwiblc Usa Speciellst Group I

I recommends strengtliening the pmected areas system for in situ conservation, and starting community based sustainable usa programmes for the conservation of biological diversity.

The UNDPIGEF Project "Biodiversity Conservntion in Pakistan with Rural Community Developmerrt" piloted a community-based co-management approach to conservation in Pakistan. I-Iowcver, tbe modalities of cornmuility-based co- management have to be adapt& to local conditions, and this project will build on expcricnces already gained through the above-mentioned project to generate locally applicable models of community-based consewation and management.

There will be no programmatic or geographic overlap with other GEI: large and medium scale projects in Batachistul, viz., the Protected Area Management Project (PAM?) and the PDF-A for conservation of juniper forests (lUCN) - see Annex 11. In fact, both the PAMP and juniper projects have a strong component of community participatim and thus this project will not only complcment the P A W and jlulipcr forest projects, but will also complement the promotion of comlnunity based approaches to conservation. This projcd will actively network

-- with other OEF projecls in Palcistan and, where nffiessay, in the region for sharing of experiences.

8. GEB national oporationul facal paint and date of country endorsement: Ministry of Environn~ent, Local Govcrnrnent and Rural Development. Tlie projecr was eildorsed by the Government of Bolochistan on 6" October 1 998, and by the Govemmcnt of Pakistan on qh Novembar, 1998.

9. Project rationale and objectives: Protected Areas cover 11.4 % of the totel area of Pakistan. but they do not adequately cover critical l~abitals for importanr species. Due to frequent conflicts between conservarion and human needs, it is diacult to establish any viable approach TO conservation except dxough active commuuity participation. The historic 'protectionist' approach to conservatioil is both exclusionary and expensive and evidence of 111e last three decades shows that it bas not boon very effective in many re~ions of the world, Tndigenaus people, who live in intimate contact wit11 their major resources have, by necessity, a detailed and profound knowladge of &eir ecosystem and species, for their own subsistence.

Illis Project will work with 1 0 ~ 1 communities and the Oovemment of Balochstan - IVildlife and Forzst Dcparwenr - to remove direct threats and underlying causes for losses of biodiversity, and to devalop sustninable we regimes. A concunent benefit of the project will be capacity building of

,--- Dep-cnt staff at all levels to improve mmngement of paniciparory approaches for conservation.

PDB - A for GEF Medium Scnlc Project 2

NO\/. - 1-5' 9 s (MON) 17 : 4 5 I:KDP/RBI\P

Sustvlnabls Use Specialist Croup

The project will build on activities already pioneered by the Sustninable Use Specialist G r o ~ ~ p (SUSG) in the Qila Saifu1lal.l. District (one of the proposed sites for tlis project) to promore nwareiiess of environmental problems and to esrablish conditions favourable to community-based management and conservation, The projecl ill work at I or 2 sites (to be selected during PDF-A activities) ro extend and adapt these pioneering effoi~s, both to similar and to different ecosystems.

Four candidate sires will be considered during the PDF-A, fiom which I or 2 sites will be sebcted for tha GI3 project itself. A11 four candidate sites contain biodiversity of globnl significance. In some cases the justificntion of global significance is based on several specific species which may be considered as flagship or indicaror species, bur in each case 811 ecosystem approaclz will bc used ro conserve biodiversity. Tn order to retain focus, project sites will have clearly defined and manageable geographical Limits. A brief acco~mt aF the species, habitats a~d ecosystems selected for intervention througl~ comm~mity managed conservaiian progamme is as follows:

1. Chagai Desert - habitat of endemic reptilea

The Chagai Desert is situated in South West Balochistan and is characrerized by enlcllsive m d dunes with isolated patches of arid mountains. It extcnds 500 Ian along the borders with the Siestan basin of Southern ~fghmktan and Fare province in Iran, and is about 260 lan across at iis widest point. The Chagai Desert is an imponant centor of endemism, particularly for r2priles. It contains six endesnic repdlt species: five lizards (Agamwa fimcrulis, Stcnoduclylus moynordi, IStcnoduclylur lumsdeni, Eremim acutirosnis, Eremias apbroscelu) and one snake (Lyrorhymhus rnapzmdl). The Chagai atso contains two endemic mammals: the pygmy jerboa (Salpivgo~us michoells), and I-Iotson's jerboa (Allacroga hotsono. The nrea also is habitat to a threatened desert ungulate, the goitered gazelle (Gazclla ,rubgufrurosu). lhis species is quite rare in Pakistan and is only found in isolated pockets in Chagai Desert. This area is not covered by any category of protected area. Tha siwival of thtse endemic reptiles, small mammals and goitered gazelle is threatened fiom exploitnlion for expm to middle east and degradation of ihe habitat due to ova-grazing.

2. Balochistan Benr (Ursrrc nhibetanus gedroshr~ur) hnbltat in Pbab Ramgc, Khwdlrr

The Balochisran Black Benr (fim thibetanus grdrosianus) has been listed as an endangered species in the IUCN Red Data Book. The habitat 01 the Balochistan Bear falls in semi-arid subuopicd ecosystems of the Central Brnhwi and Phab nountain ranges of BaIochistan. The area is imt included in any Protected Area cystem. Local commuilities belong to various sub-mbes of Brahwi spealcing dnlochs. Rain-fed agriculture end livestock are the major source of livelihood. Tne area contains perhaps the last surviving viable population of thc Baloohistan Bea

PDI?- A Tor GEF M d l u m Scale Project 3

NOV.'-1 1' 99 (THU) 16: 5 8 UNDPIRBAP

Sustaisable Ule Sneciali~l Croup

'rrtc~c. rrrc also anecdotal recards of the common lwpard (Pnnthera pordus), which is listed as threatened in the lUCN Rcd Data Book. The Balochistan Bar is killed by local people because it is perceived to dtfioy their cereal crops and attaclc their livcstock Coilscquently, the species i s in imminent danger of exrinction. The Ilalitar also contains dwarf palm ( h z n o r r h o p rirchiemra). The roots, fresh shoots and h i t of th ie species is an important gource of food for rhc bear. This palm is also being over-harvested commercially for manufacture of mats and ropes, thus destroying an important component art110 habitit: ofthe Balochistm Bear. There is an urgent: need to conservo these species and their habitat through awareness raising ;uld suminable use of natural resources through community-based conservotion progr-es.

3. StraighGhorned markhor (Copra /alcorreti megacem) and Afghnn urial (Ovh orientalfs cyclocerm) in Toba Kakar Range

The dry temperale semi-evergraen ecosystem of Toba Kakar range, in the north west of Qila Sfillah District, contains the last remnant population of intunationally threatened straight-homed markhor (CupraJalconeri mgaceros) and

,- Afghan urid (Ovis orientalis cyclaceros). lht area is also not covered by any category of protected 131-ea Locd communities belong to various subtribes of the Pashtoon Kakar tribe. Limited agriculture and livestack are mainstays of the local economy. In 1985, &e local people of tho Torghar mountainn - part of the Iloba Kalcar ~illlgr: - started a modest conscrustion programme with the help of a loca YGO called the Society for T o r g h Environmental Protection (STEP). Tile NGC acks fiixincial resowas and technical capaciry for sciontibcdly-based managemen- >C natural resources, but enjoys overwhelming support of local uibcs. G r e g mssure is on rhe increase, due 10 the growth of the human population. and the :onsenation gains mnde to dare rue likely to be lost if tlle local people do not get the ;upport to develop their capacity for praper management and utilization of natural :esoUrCCs.

4. Arid sub-tropical thorn ecosystem in southern Balocbietm - habitat of various ungulates and cat species

l7v arid tropical thorn ecosystem in southern Balochistan is not only a threatxed ecosystem but also contains some species which are of global significance. For example it is habitat of the Asiatic cheetah, ~nainly found in Tm but alsa reported here. In addition it is also the habitat of a species of the genus Ovis, fhe exact taxonomic status of which hns not yet been determined. There are also significant popularians of Sind wild goats (Copra aegogrus blythis) and chinkma (Gmella gozella). In addition the area also conlains the common leopard, caracal (Felis cmcr~ar)~ desert cat (Felis Iibycn), jungle cat (Felis chaus), jackal (Cmis oureus), and desert fox (Vulpes vulpes purllla). The locals belong to tlis Balucli speakii~g Bizhja tribe. Livestoclc rearing and very limited agriculture are their main sources of income. The area also contains tracts of dwarf palm which is used locally for

*

PDF- A for CBF Medium Scale Project 4

Su.~hinablo Usc Specinllst Group

manufacturing mats, ropes, fbotwev and roofmg material as wzll as exploite comercially - mostly by outsiders - for supplying manufacturers in other parts or the country. There is extensive illicit hunting in the area mostly ii~volving i~ifluential people fiom outside the area. The cats and canids me hunted locally for lheir skins and for preventing predation of livestock. If hunting goes on uncheclcd the wildlife will soon vanish. There is a due need to introduce locally adapte management systems to provide protection to this unique ecosystem and it

associated wildlife species.

[n each 01 the sites, due to the breakdown of the traditional local institutions m me face of increasing centralized authority, local people are no longer able to make xllective decisions through consensus. The state instirutions have deprived people of their legitimate rights and tenure over wild land resources, which has resulted In open access to traditionally collecuvely managed common property lmources. These factors are contributing to degradation of nahlral resources and loss of biodiversity. The women md children take care of thc livestoclc, gather firewood, and collect many wild plants for food, medicine, and spices, elc. Therefore, the wornell and cllildren have been severely affeaed by the degradariou of rhc naturnl resources, as they have now to spend longer hours in pursuit of their tasks. Fiuthermore. women m generally noirher consulted nor involved in planning, iinplernentation of any type of the conservation and developinent: projects.

Local people are not organized to respond to these new institutional controls ovor land and natural resources. They lack necessary skills, incentives, and institutional suppm to respond to the changed ~ ~ t u t i o n a l arrangements. Still rooted in their traditional social strucsurc, the men laclc awareness of the need to involve women in decision making process uadcr the new conditions. Both men and women are aware of the degradation of their natural resources, but have no organiznrion and resources for collective action, and lack capaciry to start locally ndapted conservatio~l initiatives.

The objectives of the project are to conserve biological diversity in globally significant ecosystems of Balochistan tkrough socially well-adapted comrnunity- Lased co-maaagemcur o f the resourcas. Conservation of biological diversity in Pakistan, a s in mosr of the developing countries, depends on engaging local people who derive their subsistence &om the n~turo1 resources. Both the CBD and Pakistan's Biodiversity Action Plan place great sucss on encouraging and protecting biodiversity tluough suminable use and recognim the need to support local communities in this endeavor.

The conventionai approaches of conservotion through legal measures alone have not been successful ~ J I the past. Because of the perceived negative consequences of the designation of areas under some form of protection, there would be a lot of

. PDF- A for GEF Modiurn Scale Project 5

TEL: 21

Suatainnblc Use Speclolist Group

resistance from local such an approaoh, Therefore, the on: alremative i s lo use a conservation approach.

I i Specifically, his project aim ro ihp cmcnt the following provisions of article 10 I of the Convention on Biological ~ivcrsity:

i I I I

a) Support local and irnplemeilt remedial action in hzls been reduced (Micle 10d of

a s of biological resources in accordance wit11 consc~varion and

resources to avoid or minimize adverse (&tide lob of CBD);

d) To contribute the in COP of CEID, Global Biodiversiv P o r n and and national forq

e) To build capaciry of for conservation of biodiversity in Pakistan;

10, Expcctcd outcomes: The duration of the project e years. Some of the expected outcomes of the project are as Collows:

c) Ecological profiles ofthe sela criticel habitats will be prepared, d) Coiltributions will be made in l~gislaIi0n and policy to

create an enabling enviroi~nie conservation. e) Nchvorking with other programmes will be

promoted for sharing of f) Traditional systams of will be re-

11. Planned activities to achieve ou The projecr objectives will be a through t l ~ c ro~~owmg as t 01 indicative activities:

Social Mobilization f -

I I L

PDF - A for GEB Mrdlurn Scale Project 6

NOV. -1 I ' 99 (THU) 16:59 UNDPlRBAP /64

St~stalnable Uye Specialist Croup

I -4wareness raising among loci1 cohurrities (both men and woman), NQOs, and locnl government agencies of opportunities for constructive partnerships

I in community-based management yd co~uewation. Fostering of community-bascd organizations for collective action to conserve and sustainably manage natlual resources, wid1 an emphasis on gender balance. I Capacity building of stnkelioldel-s for community based cnnservan'on. Sncnphming the capacity of local NGOr to emphasize community based biodiversity coilservation in tl~cir pkogmmes and involvement of women in consewation activities. i Technical backstopping of selected NGOs/CBOs for thc prepamion of resource management p l m ;

Habitat Conservntion and S u s t h b l c Use

Diagnostic surveys to assess hahi? rehabilitation nteds; Rehabilitation of degraded habitatsu Developillent of simple protocols for use by local people to collect aid I manago information for managem L of natural resources; i Develop and implemerit sustainable use regimes for conservation of habitats and wild species of commercial i mdolwce;

Policy and L c ~ c l Refom1 I i I

Conhibuts to policy and les4 rdom through demonstration and dissemination of models of community-baed natural resource management .

and conscrvation i I

Documenlation of Sustainable Usa ~ e b e s and Indigenous Knowldjie: , I

I

Document and annlyze selected Lase studias on traditional cultures and knowledge which are particularly $ood exampIes of productive relationships between people and the wild resodcas including the use made of the species.

Awareness Raising md ~ommuni~atiod. of lessons leamt

Orientation programmes for the; NGOs, CBO$ on the Convention on Biological Diversity; !

I I StaLeholdcr review meetings; a p ~ ~ \ i s o t i ~ ~ ~ of a quarterly ncwslenn in Urdu; and general awareness raising tlirovgh prfnr, and audio-visual media.

,-

12. Stakeholders involved in thc projcct:

I l I i I

PDF - A for GEF Mcdlum Scalc Project 7

TEL: 212-906-5825 -. . -

P. 009 -- - -. .-. -. - - -

TEL: 2 1 2 - 9 0 6 - 5 0 2 5

Sustninable Use Specialist Croup

The Sustainable Use for ~ e & Ada (SUSG), a volunteer network of the IUCN will implement the project with active the Provhlciel Forest and

such as StTengtlening Participatory Orgnnizariol~s (s*,o), rh' Balochistnn Rural Support Propamme f (BRSP), the National Rural sudport Prpgramme (NRSP), IUCN, end NWF will be involved in design and implehentntion of the project.

I I

The Provincial Forest and ~ilhifk ~eLsmnent is rsponsible for managing the Forests, Wildlife, Rangelands dd ~ a + h e d s of Bdochkran. The Department is under-staffed olld currently its only foqs is on enforcement of legislation. The criucal habitats idmtified for &scrvn .on in this projmt do not receive adequate attention from the meagre staff*ho. in ny case, laclc capacity to envisage and act P upon iru~ovativc, community-hsed conservarion programmes. However, the governmen1 is aware ofthe need to c o ~ e r v c these habitats and borh the provincial and central governments have endcrsh flu project proposal. During project 1 inlplemenbtion, the capncity of gove nmat agenoits to conserve biodiversity through community-based &mew 'on approaches will be enhanced. i Furthermore, r l ~ c government is c o q t t c d ro improving the socio-economic coi~ditions of the people living + these keas and is therefore willing to saek ways LO i n t e p t e consemstion inlo ent activities. During PDF-A acrivities alternative approacl~es to of global benefits secured througll the project will be explored.

i~ 13. Activitiei to be funded by the PDF:

1.1. mess t l ~ e health and ~elened habitats, and 1.2. reconnaissance causes for thc degradation

tlie local peopk,

the scale of thc a PDF-B en

1

PDF - A for GEB M o U l ~ m Scale Pro]ret 8

I

Susroin~blr Use Specialist Group I; I II

8. Undertake an incremental cdks d y s i s , and on this bbyia, identify sources of co-financing far aclivities q!t eligible for GEF funding, and mechanis~ms to ensure sustainability . / /

14. Expected outputs and complet on dotes: TI-ie PDF A will resuIl, in the pr , atation of m either a Medium Sized.Pro.iect Briaf 3 or a PDF-B proposal. ~ntennildiare laktputs will include survey aq.d workshop repom, and a draft conceptdl model for discussion with UNDP/GEF. It is esrin~aled d~at tho various completed witl~in four months fiom rhe date of availability of brief within six months.

bhd amount: special emphasis on poverty alleviation will establish linkages with the relevant

area to address development needs of has established a Poverty credible local organizations. funding corrsewation and

- - will be investigated for co-

Projected request from implementation will be in the range of 1700.000 to f 1.2 million, leveb of co-financing for activities not eligible for GEF-funding.

I

The Global Support Tern of Use Ioitiativc and other experts of Species Survival support on an in-kind basis. Similarly will provide technical assistmcc. SUSO and services of tha support staff.

16. Total budgct and the Block A grant) - all figures in US$. ; ; ;

i f i 7500

6500

2000 25 00 2000 500

21,000

1. An assessment oflthe ecological and biological status of project sitas ) ! I , :

nohic profiles of the project sitcs loss of biodiversity

I J I

PUP-* for QEF Medium S n l o Projrrt

4. 5. 6.

i. I

/

Consultative workqhbfis for lprojoct planning and design Preparation of projict #xoptisd

I /

Miscellaneous 1 1 1 1

9

1,

( 1 1 TOTAL

Sustnlnable Use Specialist Group I

I I ' I

1 P.4RT III - TNFORMATION ON APPLIC: T INSTITUTION

17. Name Sustainable Use Specialist Gro

18. Date of establishment, Sustain~ble Use Initiative of under the aegis of Species Survival Commission in for Central ~ s i a with irs secretariar in Pakistan 1996. The Group llas 44 volunteer members. The (nfghanistan, Iran, Kn- and Uzbekistan).

US$ 27.000 f ion~ develop a project

document

- 19. To conservo people, the SUSG-C~sia seelcs ro improve the undersmding of that enhance the lilcelihood of sustainability in uses of For this purpose, SUSG- C ~ s i a hu organized a relevant environmental and socio-economic of wild-living nat~ual resourcsd in local to communicate the

applicntiou within makers, involved

and policies in

bellefirs derived from them.

20. Sources of revoauc: IUCN and other donors

21. Rcccat

Development. He WEE also of the project formulation team for I)rotected Areas Management prepared by Palcistan through the World Bank. SUSO has

f--

r i I,

PbP - A b r GEF Medium k n l e Project 10

Tlie worl.rpla11 of SUSOlCentral Asia r 200 i s as follows: 4 (il

N O V , - 15' 99 (\!0V) 1 7 : 4 8 UNDPIRBAP TEL: 2 1 2 - 9 0 6 - 5 8 2 5 P. 0 1 2 . - - - -- - - - ---

N O V . -1 1 ' 99 (THU) 17 :Ol UNDPIRBAP -

TEL:ZIZ-906-5825 P, 026 I

Sastninable Use Specialist Group 1 ,

1. Prepare an over view of unsustain in the fonner Central Asian Republics.

2. Develop membership in Iran and T

Council for Consuv~tion a Inpse of seven years.

3. Publish a mmdy an "good exemples ' of r &inable 4 ~ c in Pakistan. I 71:

i' 'I; cf wildl-fe @XCW) which met in April 1996 after

11 I ,

4. Build on lessons l m e d fiom project for conservation of biodiversity in Bdochistan.

b) Helped G o w m n t of a resolution for 13.3 10"' COP of CITES at Zimbabwe in of six Marlchor trophies fiom cornmuniy managed was approved by CITES.

c) Provided training to to organize t~ophy hunting in rhc Northern GEPJUNDP project entitled

Cornml~nity Development" on Conservation of

Thu, l h i s GEF project proposal does not duplicate the core work programme of SUSGKentrol Asia.

PART IV - INFORMATION TO BY IMPLEMENTING AGENCY

22. Project identification

23. lmplemcating agency Tim Boylc, Regional Coordinator, UNDP/GEF, Onc UN York NY 10017. Tel: (212)906- 651 1; fau: (212)

24. Prqject Linkage to Afency prog PN93/G41: Maintnining

(GEF Amded) PAIU96/006: Balochishn PAW96/02 1 : Trial District M PAIU96/013: Rural

T M C funded)

PDF - A for QEF Medium Scrlt Project 11

NOV, -11' 99 (THU) 1 7 : 0 1 UNDPfRBAP ,.-

Sustninnble Use Speclnlist Croup

Mnp of Bnlodistan the four Project site

PDF- A fnr GEB Medlum Scale Projcrt 12

. ~ ---- P --

TEL: 212-906-5825 P. 0 1 4

NoV,'- 11' 9 9 1THU) 17:OI UNDPtRBAP TEL: 212-906 -5825 P. 0 2 8 ,P '

Sustainable Use Spcclalist Croup

EF project sites by ecosystem Map of Pakistan showing lo I

!

# I 'I I

.

. !

i I

I

I #

1 . .

: I

I

! . , :

: I

i I

I *

I

I I .! I

I 1: I

I * /

I 1 I

,-- -~

PDF-A for GES Medium Scsle Project. 13

- -. --

. .

I i 1 :

i I

. ,

NO;. - 1 I ' 99 (THU) 1 7 : 0 1 UNDP/RBAP

TEL: 2 1 2 - 9 0 6 - 5 8 2 5 P. 015

TEL: 2 1 2 - 9 0 6 - 5 0 2 5 P, 029

OP1 : Green; OPZ: Ycllow Mixed deciduous saub h a S u b - ~ o p i d pine Earesi

OP3: Light blue; OP4: Red sCNb Himdayanmoid temper11tef6rcsl. 5 Alpine mbl rno im alpine

Sites wider implementation: 0 Dy olpindcold dasart Solid 0 Pennanenr snow fielddglncivs

Candidnte sites: Dashed