West Virginia Data Profile - May 2011

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A high school diploma is no longer enough; now, nearly every good

job requires some education beyond high school ± such as an

associate¶s or bachelor¶s degree, certificate, license, or completion

of an apprenticeship or significant on-the-job training.

Far too many students drop out or graduate from high school

without the knowledge and skills required for success, closing doors

and limiting their post-high school options and opportunities.

The best way to prepare students for life after high school is to alignK-12 and postsecondary expectations. All students deserve a world-

class education that prepares them for college, careers and life.

Why College- and Career-Ready

Expectations for All?

2



A HIGH SCHOOL DIPLOMA IS NOLONGER ENOUGH FOR SUCCESS

The changing economy is accelerating theexpectations gap, as careers increasingly requiresome education/training beyond high school,and more developed knowledge and skills.



4Source: Carnevale, Anthony P. et al. (June 2010). Help Want ed: Proj ec tions of Jobs and E duc ationR equir ements Throug h 2018. Georgetown Center on Education and the Workforce.ww9.georgetown.edu/grad/gppi/hpi/cew/pdfs/FullReport.pdf

Jobs in Today¶s (and Tomorrow¶s) Workforce

Require More Education and Training



The Rise of Middle-Skill Jobs

5Source: Holzer, Harry J. and Robert I. Lerman (February 2009). The F ut ur e of Mi ddle-Sk i ll Jobs.Brookings Institution.

High-skill jobs

Occupations in the professional/technical and managerial categories.

Often require four-year degrees and above

Middle-skill jobs

Occupations that include clerical, sales, construction, installation/repair,

production, and transportation/material moving.

Low-skill jobs

Occupations in the service and agricultural categories.

Often require some education and training beyond high school (but

typically less than a bachelor¶s degree), including associate¶s degrees,

vocational certificates, significant on-the-job training.



Employment Shares by Occupational Skill Level

6Source: National Skills Coalition (2010). The Bri dge to a N ew E c onomy : Wor ker Training Fi ll s the Ga p.http://www.nationalskillscoalition.org/assets/reports-/the-bridge-to-a-new-economy.pdf ; National Skills Coalition (2011).

Stat e Mi ddle Sk i ll Fac t Sheets. http://www.nationalskillscoalition.org/resources/fact-sheets/state-fact-sheets/





Education and Training Beyond High School

Is Increasingly Being Demanded

8Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics. Occupational Out l ook H and book, 2010 -11 E d ition.http://www.bls.gov/oco/oco2003.htm



The Jobs of Tomorrow

9Source: Milano, Jessica,B

ruce Reed & Paul Weinstein Jr. (Sept 2009). A

Matt er of Deg r ees: Tomorrow¶ s Fast est Grow ing Jobs and Why Community College Graduat es Wi ll Get Them. TheNew Democratic Leadership Council.

West Virginia should be preparing students for the jobs of

tomorrow, not the jobs of yesterday ± or even today.

A quarter of American workers are now in jobs not even listed in the

Census Bureau¶s occupation codes in 1967.

Given the growth of new job sectors ± most notably ³green jobs´ ± it is

common sense to provide all students with a strong foundation that

keeps all doors open and all opportunities available in the future.



The Public Agrees That Education or

Training Beyond High School

is Necessary for Future Success

10

To really get ahead in life, a

person needs at least some

education beyond high

school, whether that means

university, community

college, technical or vocational school.

To really get ahead in life,

a person needs more

than just a high school

education.

87

8

Source: Achieve, Inc. (2010). Ac hi ev ing the Possible: What Ameri c ans Think the College and Car eer -R ead y Agend a. http://www.achieve.org/files/AchievingThePossible-FinalReport.pdf



America¶s International Edge is Slipping in

Postsecondary Degree Attainment

11Source: OECD. E duc ation at a Gl ance 2010 . (All rates are self-reported.) http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/education-at-a-glance-2010_eag-2010-en; National Center for Higher EducationManagement Systems, analysis of 2009 American Community Survey. http://www.higheredinfo.org

0 10 20 30 40 50 60% Young Adults (25-34) with College Degree % Adults (25-64) with College Degree



% of Citizens with Postsecondary Degrees Among OECD Countries, by Age Group (2 )

- 4 4 - 4 3 -44 2 -34 ALL (2 - 4)

1 U.S. (40%) Canada (44%) Canada (54%) Korea (58%) Canada (49%)

2 Canada (40%) Japan (43%) Japan (48%) Canada (56%) Japan (43%)

3 N.Z. (34%) U.S. (40%) Finland (44%) Japan (55%) U.S. (41%)

4 Finland (29%) N.Z. (38%) U.S. (43%) N.Z. (48%) N.Z. (40%)

Australia (28%) Finland (37%) Korea (43%) Norway (46%) Finland (37%)

Norway (28%) Australia (33%) N.Z. (40%) Ireland (45%) Korea (37%)

7 Switz. (27%) Denmark (32%) Norway (38%) Denmark (43%) Norway (36%)

8 U.K. (27%) Norway (32%) Australia (38%) Belgium (42%) Australia (36%)

Sweden (26%) Switz. (31%) Denmark (37%) Australia (42%) Denmark (34%)

1 Neth. (26%) Neth. (31%) Ireland (37%) U.S. (42%) Ireland (34%)

11 Denmark (26%) Iceland (30%) Switz. (36%) Sweden (41%) Switz. (34%)

12 Japan (26%) U.K. (30%) Iceland (36%) France (41%) U.K. (33%)

13 Germany (24%) Belgium (29%) Belgium (35%) Neth. (40%) Belgium (32%)

14 Iceland (24%) Sweden (28%) U.K. (33%) Spain (39%) Neth. (32%)

1 Belgium (22%) Ireland (27%) Sweden (33%) Luxembourg (39%) Sweden (32%)

4 - 4: West Virginia (2 %) WV (27%) WV (3 %) WV (2 %)


Postsecondary Degree Attainment

12Source: OECD. E duc ation at a Gl ance 2010. http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/education-at-a-glance-2010_eag-2010-en ; National Center for Higher Education Management Systems analysis of 2009 AmericanCommunity Survey. http://www.higheredinfo.org



FAR TOO MANY STUDENTS DROP

OUT OR GRADUATE FROM HIGH

SCHOOL UNPREPARED FOR REALWORLD CHALLENGES



Of Every 100 9th Graders in West Virginia«

14Source: National Center for Higher Education Management Systems (2008). St udent Pi pel ine - Transition and Completion Rat esfrom 9th Grade to College. http://www.higheredinfo.org

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

9th Graders Grad ateigh hoolin 4 ears

Enroll inCollege In the

Fall

till Enrolledophomore

ear of College

Earn aCollegeDegree

1

72

43

28

17



Achievement Remains Low: 8th Grade

Achievement Over Time

15Source: National Assessment of Educational Progress. Analysis of data downloaded fromhttp://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/naepdata/

8th Grade Math 1 2 2

West Virginia 10% 19%

U.S. 21% 34%

8th Grade Reading 1 8 2


U.S. 33% 32%

8th Grade Science 1 2


U.S. 29% 30%

%At or Above Proficient on 8th Grade NAEP



And Gaps Persist: West Virginia¶s 8th Grade

Achievement Gap

16Source: National Assessment of Educational Progress. Analysis of data downloaded fromhttp://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/naepdata/

Subgroup8th Grade Math

(2 )

8th Grade

Reading (2 )

8th Grade Science

(2 )

All Students 19% 22% n/a

White 20% 22% 23%

Black 11% 18% 10%

Hispanic n/a n/a n/a

Asian n/a n/a n/a

American Indian n/a n/a n/a

%At or Above Proficient on 8th Grade NAEP



High School Graduation Rates Remain

Inequitable in West Virginia

17Source: Education Week (2007). Graduation in the Unit ed Stat es.http://www.edweek.org/media/ew/dc/2010/34sos_gradrate.pdf

U.S.

WV

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

AmericanIndian AsianHispanicBlack

White All

5 %

8 %

56%54%

77%

6 %

53%64%

72%72%

n/an/a




High School Graduation Rates

18Source: OECD. E duc ation at a Gl ance 2010 . (All rates are self-reported) http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/education-at-a-glance-2010_eag-2010-en; National Center for Higher EducationManagement Systems, analysis of 2008 and 2009 American Community Survey. http://www.higheredinfo.org

0 20 40 60 80 100

Iceland

U.K.

Netherlands

Norway

Ireland

Denmark

Germany

Israel

Canada

Poland

Korea

U.S.

est irginia

% Young Adults (25-34) with HS Diploma+ % Adults (25-64) with HS Diploma+



Enrollment in College Does NOT Equal

College Readiness

19Source: National Center for Education Statistics (2003). R emed ial E duc ation at Deg r ee-Granting Postsec ond ary Instit utions in Fall 2000.

Percentage of U.S. first-year students in two-year and four-year institutions requiring remediation



Freshmen at Two-Year Colleges are More

Likely to Require Remediation

20Source: National Center for Education Statistics (2003). R emed ial E duc ation at Deg r ee-Granting Postsec ond ary Instit utions in Fall 2000.

0%

5%

0%

5%

20%

25%30%

35%

40%

45%

Reading, Writingor Math

ReadingWriting

Math

42%

1 %23%

34%

24%

6%8%13%

2-Year Colleges 4-Year Colleges



Many College Students Fail to Return Their

Sophomore Year and Go On To Earn Degrees

21Source: National Center for Higher Education Management Systems (2008). R et ention Rat es -First -Ti me College Fr eshmen R et urning Their Sec ond Y ear ; Graduation Rat es.http://www.higheredinfo.org/

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

Completion (4-Year)Persistence (4-

Year)Persistence (2-Year)

56%

75%

54%

45%

71%

4 %



Many College Students Fail to Earn a

Degree in West Virginia

22Source: NCES. IPEDS Graduation Rat e Sur vey , analyzed by National Center for Management of Higher Education Systems.

Percent of students earning a bachelor¶s degreewithin six years in West Virginia, 2 7



The Majority of Graduates Would Have Taken

Harder Courses, Particularly in Mathematics

23Source: Peter D. Hart Research Associates/Public Opinion Strategies (2005). Rising to the Challenge: Ar e H i g h Sc hool Graduat es Pr epar ed for College and Wor k ? West Virginia, DC: Achieve.

Would have taken

more challenging

courses in at least

one area

Math

Science

English

Knowing what you know today about the expectations of college/work «



A MORE RIGOROUS & RELEVANT

HIGH SCHOOL EDUCATION WILL

OPEN DOORS FOR STUDENTS ± AND KEEP THEM OPEN



25

Personal Benefits of Education in West Virginia

While there may be jobs available to high school dropouts and

graduates, they often pay l and off r l c rit y than jobs

held by those with at least some postsecondary experience.

The link between educational attainment and gainful employmentis clear:

More education is associated with higher

earnings and higher rates of employment.



26Source: U.S. Census Bureau (2010). C urr ent Po pul ation Sur vey . Figures are based on the total personsin the civilian labor force. http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/cpstc/cps_table_creator.html

Personal Benefits of Education in West Virginia

W est Vir g inia Statisti c s: Total Unempl oy ment : 9%, M ean Inc ome: $38 ,5 00



27Source: Carnevale, Anthony P. et al. (June 2010). HelpWant

ed:Proj

ec tions of Jobs an

d E duc

ation R equ

ir eme

nts Throug

h

2018. Georgetown Center on Education and the Workforce. www9.georgetown.edu/grad/gppi/hpi/cew/pdfs/FullReport.pdf

Analysis based on author¶s analysis of March 2008 CPS data.

Benefits to Education



28Source: ACT (2010). ACT 2009 R esul ts. http://www.act.org/news/data/09/states.html ; College Board. M ean 2010 S AT Sc or es by Stat e. http://professionals.collegeboard.com/profdownload/2010-sat-trends.pdf

West Virginia¶s Students Taking College

Admissions Exams

2 1 West Virginia U.S.

Participation in ACT 64% 47%

Average ACT Score 20.7 21

Participation in SAT 16% 47%

Average SAT Score 1522 1509



29Source: ACT (2010). College R ead iness Benc hmar k Attainment by Stat e.http://www.act.org/news/data/10/benchmarks.html?utm_campaign=cccr10&utm_source=data10_leftnav&utm_medium=web#benchmark

Students Meeting College Readiness

Benchmark

U.S.

WV

0

20

40

60

80

English, 2010Reading, 2010

Math, 2010Science, 2010

All 4 tests, 2010

66

52

43

224

71

54

3224

18

Percentage of ACT-tested graduates who met or

exceeded the College Readiness Benchmark score

Not e: A benc hmar k sc or e ind i c at es a 5 0% c hance of obtaining a Bor hi g her or about a 7 5 % c hance of obtaining a C or hi g her in the c orr es pond ing c r ed it -bearing c ollege c ourses.



30Source: College Board (2011). AP R eport to the Nation.http://professionals.collegeboard.com/profdownload/7th-annual-ap-report-to-the-nation-2011.pdf

Students Participating in Advanced

Placement and Exceeding College and Career

Readiness

Percent of all 12th Graders Participating inAdvanced Placement (2 8)





West Virginia¶s Commitment to Closing the

Expectations Gap to Date

32

In 2 6, West Virginia adopted high school standards aligned withcollege and career expectations

West Virginia administers the WESTEST, an 11th grade assessment

capable of measuring students¶ readiness for college and careers, that

is used to place students in credit-bearing, first-year college courses.

West Virginia¶s longitudinal data system satisfies nine of the Data

Quality Campaign¶s ten essential elements, including the regular

matching of student-level data across K-12 and postsecondary

systems.

West Virginia adopted the Common Core State Standards in June

2 1 .

West Virginia is a Governing State in the SMARTER Balanced

Assessment Consortium (SBAC), a group of states working to develop

a common assessment system using Race to the Top Common

Assessment funds.



How West Virginia Can Continue to

Build on its Momentum«

«Realize the promise of the Common Core State Standards by implementing

them fully and successfully, taking into consideration the related curricular

and policy changes.

«Adopt college- and career-ready graduation requirements, aligned to the

Common Core State Standards, to ensure all students are prepared, and

eligible, for entry into college and skilled careers.

«Remain committed to the goals of the common assessment consortium

and developing a next-generation, computer-based assessment system that

will measure the full range of the Common Core State Standards.

«Continue to make progress on the state¶s data collection efforts,

particularly around making student data available to relevant stakeholders.

«Re-examine the state¶s K-12 accountability system to determine how it can

reward measures of college and career readiness, in alignment with the

state¶s standards and course requirements.



HOW WELL IS WEST

VIRGINIA PREPARING ALL

STUDENTS FORCOLLEGE, CAREERS AND

LIFE

May 2011

Documents

West Virginia Data Profile - May 2011