West Nile Virus

Robin DaSilva, Ph.D student Doctor of Philosophy in Health Science

Public Health: Education and health promotion

Walden University

PUBH 8165-10: Environment Health

Instructor: Dr. Howard Rubin

Winter 2010

Objectives What is WNV?

Types Severity of disease Symptoms Treatment

Who is at risk? How to protection yourself What to do if you suspect WNV Available resources/staying informed Brochure

What is vector borne disease/WNV

Insect/arthropods humans or animals

dead bird or animals mosquitoes (WNV) human (CDC, 2010).

Type of WNV There are two form

of WNV Neuroinvasive form

Affect the neurological system

Non-neuroinvasive Do not Affect the

neurological system

(MedlinePlus, 2011).

How severe is this problem

981 reported cases, 45 case resulted death

601 neuroinvasive cases 380 Non-neuroinvasive case A few Viremic donor cases (PVDs) States with the highest incidence of

WNV Mississippi, South Dakota, Wyoming,

Colorado and Nebraska

(CDC, 2010c)

What to look for/symptoms

Onset of signs and symptoms Symptoms includes

high fevers, headache, body ache, neck stiffness, confusion, severe generalize weakness, numbness, and paralysis

Symptoms can last for several weeks

(CDC, 2010a).

What treatment options available

No specific treatments for WNV Symptoms resolve spontaneously. Non-neuroinvasive cases treated with OTC Neuroinvasive cases admitted to the hospital Hospitalized individuals

supportive medical and nursing care Interferon for brain infected cases

(Mayoclinic, 2010)

Who is at risk

Aged 50 years and ≥70 at risk for severe illness Incidence increased with age Time spend outdoors Additional risk group include

surgical candidate organ transplant individuals blood transfusion

(CDC, 2010b).

How can you protect yourself The goal is to avoid being bitten:

Decrease the amount of time spend outdoor

Use clothing which will provide most Use insect repellents

Spray clothing Repellents with the most active

ingredients Mosquito net if and when possible

Reduce the amount of mosquitoes Avoid or dispose of standing water Once or twice a week change water Ensure proper draining system

(CDC, 2010d)

If you are suspicious/Screening

Three screening test approved by the Food and Drug Administration The Procleix West Nile Virus Assay The ProcleixTIGRIS The TapScreen WNV test

Detection of WNV DNA in the blood, tissue, and organs

Blood work/Laboratory testing (NIAID, 2010). Lumbar puncture Electroencephalography (EEG) and MRI scan

(Mayoclinc, 2010)

How to stay inform

Public Service Announcement (PSA) CDC web site Social network Brochures

Question, comments and concerns

The End

Thank you

References Center for Disease Control (CDC) (2010a). West Nile Virus: What

you need to know. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/wnv_factsheet.htm

Center for Disease Control (CDC) (2010b). West Nile Virus: Statistics, surveillance, and control. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/surv&controlCaseCount10_detailed.htm

Center for Disease Control (CDC) (2010c). MMWR-Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report: West Nile Virus Activity- United States, 2009. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/media/mmwrnews /2010 n10070 1.htm#1 stupor

Center for Disease Control (CDC) (2010d). West Nile Virus: Fight the bite. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/prevention_info.htm

MedlinePlus (2010). West Nile Virus (WNV). Retrieved from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/westnilevirus.html

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) (2010). West Nile Virus: Diagnosis. Retrieved from http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/westNile/understanding/Pages/diagnosis.aspx

Picture were obtain from the picture with human, mosquito, bird & horse came from micro

soft clip art The picture in the brochure came from http

://www.gossipjackal.com/entertainment/2010/07/27/west-nile-virus-has-been-detected-the-mosquitoes-are-here-again/

Fight the bite pic came from http://www.emerycounty.com/weed/West%20Nile%20Information.htm

mosquito on water pic came from http://blog.redfin.com/sandiego/2008/06/west_nile_virus_hitting_san_diego_county.html

bucket pic came from http://www.maine.gov/dep/blwq/topic/westnile/