Subhash Chander, P. K. Aggarwal, N. Kalra, D. N. Swarooparani, J. S. Prasad. 2002. Assessment of yield losses due to stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) in rice using simulation models. Journal of Entomological Research 26 (1): 23-28.

Abstract: The yield loss simulation (YLS) model and the MACROS L1Q. CSM model were used tosimulate the effect of stem borer damage by detillering @ 5, 15, 30, 60% at vegetative,panicle initiation and grain filling stages, on yield of rice cultivar Ratna. The stem borerdamage during vegetative and panicle initiation stages was not simulated appropriately byboth the models. Model testing.