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Web based Information Services for Engineering Science and Technology
I R N Goudar
HeadInformation Centre for Aerospace
Science & Technology
NAL, Bangalore 560 017
The Internet offers a gateway to a
myriad of online databases,
library catalogues and collections,
and software and document
archives, in addition to frequently
used store-and-forward services,
such as UserNet News and e-mail
Web: An Ideal Media and Source of Information
WWW provides hypertext access to documents located anywhere on
the Internet.
Web facilitates combination of text, pictures, sound, animation and
video.
Many varying information systems are tied into a homogeneous
browsable, searchable web.
Efficient information delivery.
Information on desktops of users.
Vast majority of Internet services are free for taking.
Contd...
Net is equal opportunity provider without caste, creed, colour, belief,
etc.
Physical disabilities don’t matter for usage of sources.
Net requires motivation and motivated learning is much more fun.
Information sharing with global dimensions.
WWW is a very successful distributed information system.
New dimension and new responsibility for Library & Information
Science Profession.
Contd...
Easy way to get access to Government produced information.
Integration of local and remote Library & Information services using
web browser as a common user interface.
Internet is forcing libraries to move from ‘Owning’ models to ‘Access’
models.
IP enabling for accessing information databases.
Facilitates keeping abreast of rapidly changing data.
Internet Access Vs CD-ROM Access
Criteria Internet Access CD-ROM Access
Currency Generally more current Depends on update frequency
Retrieval Depends on many factors Better search capabilities
Ease of Access Slow access affects CD-ROM networks shouldweb databases be immune
Maintenance Less maintenance More especially when networked
Platform Independent Run on particular platformdependency
Internet: Some Interesting Statistics
• Over 350 million users today
• Will cross a billion mark by 2005
• 150 million likely to get connected in 2000
• Eastern and southern European prefer Wireless Web
Access on cell phones and palmtops
• UN’s Human Development reveals that 88% of World’s
Internet users are in wealthy and developed nation
• Adult sites were a $1 billion industry in 1998
• Teens >25% visit X-rated sites
• 51% of American classrooms have net connection
DATE HOSTS
08/1981 21305/1982 23508/1983 56210/1984 1,02410/1985 1,96102/1986 2,30811/1986 5,08912/1987 28,17407/1988 33,00010/1988 56,00001/1989 80,00007/1989 130,00010/1989 159,000
DATE HOSTS
10/1990 313,00001/1991 376,00007/1991 535,00010/1991 617,00001/1992 727,00004/1992 890,00007/1992 992,00010/1992 1,136,00001/1993 1,313,00004/1993 1,486,00007/1993 1,776,00010/1993 2,056,00001/1994 2,217,000
Internet Domain Survey-Number of Internet Hosts
DATE HOSTS
07/1994 3,212,00010/1994 3,864,00001/1995 4,852,00007/1995 6,642,00001/1996 9,472,00007/1996 12,881,00001/1997 16,146,00007/1997 19,540,00001/1998 29,670,00007/1998 36.739,00001/1999 43,230,00007/1999 56,218,00001/2000 72,398,092
What Users Do on the Internet
Activity Internet users (percent)
Email 90%General information 77Surfing 69Reading 67Hobbies 63
Product information 62Travel information 54%
Work/Business 46Entertainment/Games 36Buying 36Stock quotes 27
Job search 26Chat rooms 24%Homework 21Auctions 13Banking 12Trading stocks 7
Top Web Sites (May 2000)
Rank Web site Unique visitors (thousands)
1. AOL Network* 59,2302. Microsoft sites* 49,3093. Yahoo sites* 48,8514. Lycos* 32,4755. Excite@Home* 28,7516. GO Network* 23,0657. About.com sites* 17,9268. NBC Internet* 16,4899. Amazon* 14,97210. Time Warner Online* 14,25611. AltaVista Network* 14,18312. Ask Jeeves* 13,319
Top Shopping Sites (May 2000)
Rank Web site Unique visitors (thousands)
1. Amazon.com 14,040
2. Blue Mountain eCards 13,042
3. eBay.com 12,046
4. AOL Shoppping Channel 11,419
5. AmericanGreetings.com 7,243
6. MyPoints.com 5,528
7. Barnes & Noble.com 5,167
8. Webstakes.com 4,922
9. BizRate.com 4,908
10. Priceline.com 4,768
Top Education Sites (May 2000)
Rank Web site Unique visitors (thousands)
1. University of California, Berkeley 1,733
2. University of Michigan 1,550
3. University of Texas at Austin 1,455
4. Massachusetts Institute of Technology 1,331
5. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1,261
6. Harvard University 1,215
7. University of Tennessee 1,168
8. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 1,135
9. Cornell University 1,098
10. University of Virginia 1,017
Top Government Sites (May 2000)
Rank Web site Unique visitors (thousands)
1. NASA 1,945
2. State of California 1,808
3. National Institutes of Health 1,694
4. National Oceanic and Atmospheric 1,683
Administration
5. U.S. Department of Education 1,344
6. U.S. Navy 1,192
7. U.S. Army 1,148
8. Library of Congress 1,061
9. National Park Service 947
10. U.S. Geological Survey 936
Media Content: Internet
Listservs and Discussion Groups
Government Resources
DocumentDelivery
Information & Servicesat Remote sites
Library Catalogues
Shopping and other Commercialtransactions
BulletinBoards
Subject
Databases
Community Information
CommercialResources
Library Websites - Why?
• Facilitate and promote library use
• Basic information about library and its services
• On-line access to local sources
• Gateway to networked information sources
• Integrate Push-based services
Basic Library & Information Services
Networked CD-ROM Databases
Links to remote information
Interactive homepages Library Website:
ApplicationsOPAC
Indexing, Cataloguing & Classification
Document Acquisition
ILL & Document Delivery
Push-based services
Uses of Internet Access in Libraries
Library Website Development
• Design
• Authoring & Testing
• Launch
• Maintenance
Library Website - A case study of ICAST, NAL
Listservs & Discussion Group
• Variety of topics
• Exchange current information
• Conduct a dialogue
• Particular interest to information managers
Subject Databases
• Especially from R&D/Academic institutions
• Number is increasing
• Ex: India University’s Biology files
Community Information
• Usually through public libraries
• Catalogue of local public libraries
• Tour of art gallery
• Tourist Information
• Weather bulletins
Government Resources
• National and local governments
• Legal information
• Government institutions
• Ex: NIC’s site
Library Catalogues
• Increased number of catalogues on net
• Usually large university libraries and public libraries
• Few Indian too
Shopping & Other Commercial Transactions
• Shopping Malls
• On-line Book Shop
• Amezon
• Music, CDs, gifts, toys, etc.
Document Delivery
• Libraries, Publishers, other agencies
• OCLC, BLDSC
• ISI, NTIS
• UMI, National Translation Centre
• Derwent, AIAA, etc.
Basic Library Information & Services
Applications
• Library hours
• Contact persons
• Policy/Plan Documents
• Quality Manuals
• Calenders
• Direct e-mail link for sources
• Databases
• Contents pages
Access
• Browse & Select
Content Format
• Text (HTML, PDF, ASCII), Audio(WAV), Images (GIF, JPEG), Video (AVI, MPEG)
Networked CD-ROM Databases
• Platform independent access to windows application on
the net
Ex: Citrix’s Metaframe using ICA
• List of networked databases and access using browsers
• Trend is towards hard disc hosting
Ex: ERL, OVID
Links to Remote Information
• Connection to resources around the world
• Links to Internet sites of relevance to its users
• Links to commercial databases
Full text, Bibliographic
• Internet Public Library
• Links to other library catalogues
• Links to frequently used bookmark files
OPAC
• Non - web enabled OPACs
• Telnet access
• Export OPAC records into text files, index using web-enabled softwares like MG, Free WAIS.
• Web - enabled databases
Indexing, Cataloguing & Classification
• Contents of book request form - Catalogue data
• Remote access to catalogues data
• Access to thesauri and controlled vocabularies
Document Acquisitions
• Links to publishers catalogues (books, journals, etc)
• Links to books databases
• Book sellers sites
• Journals Distributors
• Online shops (Amazon)
• Book request forms
Push-based Services
• Current Awareness Service
• List of Applications
• Hosting on web
• E-mail delivery
• Profile based alert services
• SDI
• Table of Contents
• Web Alert Service
• Web hosting
• E-mail delivery
ILL & Document Delivery
• Public access catalogues of other library
• In-built request forms
• Document Delivery
Interactive homepages
• Fill-in form for services & feedback
• Reservation of library material
• Circulation
• Inter Library Loan
• Reference question
Design
• Content
• Content formats
• Audience
• Structuring & navigation
• Layout
• Site search (Tools like SWISH)
• Site map and site index
• Feedback & help
Authoring & Testing
• HTML Editor
• Netscape Navigator & Composer
• Microsoft Front Page
• Dreamweaver
• Template - based design for large sites
Launch
• Quality Testing
• usability, consistency, accuracy, compatibility
• Publicity
• Site registration
• Links by other sites
Maintenance
• Updating
• Analysis of
• Link updation
• Back ups, trouble shooting
• Periodic testing