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February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 1
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium Weaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchy
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
Main Lecture Hall Faculty of Science
Aobayama Campus of Tohoku University
Sendai Japan
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
2 |
Contents
Organizing committee 3
GCOE program members 4
Symposium location 6
Scientific program 7
Time Table 8
SpeakersTitles 10
Talks 14
Poster presentations 18
Abstracts of Talks 23
Abstracts of Poster Presentations 55
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 3
Organizing committee
Hideo Kozono (Mathematics Tohoku Univ) Chairman
Katsuhiko Sato (Condensed Matter physics Tohoku Univ )
Yousuke Itoh (Astrophysics Tohoku Univ )
Yoshihiro Ueda (Mathematics Tohoku Univ )
Yuichi Nohara (Mathematics Tohoku Univ )
Masaki Asano (Particle Theory Tohoku Univ )
Yoshiyuki Onuki (Particle Experiment Tohoku Univ )
Takeshi Koike (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku Univ )
Hidekatsu Nemura (Nuclear Theory Tohoku Univ )
Jin Sung Park (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku Univ )
Tatsuro Yuge (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku Univ )
Tomohiro Yoshikawa (Astrophysics Tohoku Univ )
Shota Sato (Mathematics Tohoku Univ )
Yohei Matsuda ( Nuclear Experiment Tohoku Univ )
Masafumi Kurachi (Particle Theory Tohoku Univ )
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
4 |
GCOE program members
Name Affiliated Department Position TitleSpecialized field
Representative
Akihisa Inoue President of Tohoku University
Program Leader
Kunio Inoue Graduate School of Science ProfessorNeutrino Experiment
Program Members
Ken-ichi Hikasa Graduate School of Science ProfessorParticle Theory
Osamu Hashimoto Graduate School of Science ProfessorNuclear Experiment
Yoshio Kuramoto Graduate School of Science ProfessorCondensed Matter Theory
Yoshiro Hirayama Graduate School of Science ProfessorQuantum Semiconductor Physics
Hirokazu Tamura Graduate School of Science ProfessorNuclear Experiment
Masahiro Yamaguchi Graduate School of Science ProfessorParticle Theory
Riichiro Saito Graduate School of Science ProfessorCondensed Matter Theory
Hitoshi Yamamoto Graduate School of Science ProfessorParticle Experiment
Toshihiro Kawakatsu Graduate School of Science ProfessorCondensed Matter Theory
Teruya Ishihara Graduate School of Science ProfessorSolid state Photo physics
Toshio Kobayashi Graduate School of Science ProfessorNuclear Experiment
Hajime Shimizu Laboratory of Nuclear Science ProfessorNuclear Experiment
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 5
Yasuhiro Sakemi Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center ProfessorNuclear Experiment
Taka-hisa Arima Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials
ProfessorCorrelated-electron Solid State Physics
Kazuyoshi Yamada WPI and Department Physics ProfessorCondensed Spin Matter Physics
Takashi Takahashi WPI and Department Physics ProfessorPhotoemission Solid-State Physics
Katsumi Tanigaki WPI and Department Physics ProfessorSolid State Physics on Nano-Network
Solids
Hideo Kozono Graduate School of Science ProfessorMathematical Physics
Motoko Kotani Graduate School of Science ProfessorDifferential Geometry
Reiko Miyaoka Graduate School of Science ProfessorDifferential Geometry
Eiji Yanagida Graduate School of Science ProfessorNonlinear Analysis
Takashi Shioya Graduate School of Science ProfessorRiemannian Geometry
Takayoshi Ogawa Graduate School of Science ProfessorPartial Differential Equations
Toshifumi Futamase Graduate School of Science ProfessorCosmology and General Relativity
Takashi Ichikawa Graduate School of Science ProfessorExtragalactic Astronomy
Toru Yamada Graduate School of Science ProfessorExtragalactic Astronomy
Makoto Hattori Graduate School of Science Associate ProfessorObservational Cosmology
Keiichi Noe Graduate School of Arts and Letters ProfessorScience Philosophy
Kiyotaka Naoe Graduate School of Arts and Letters Associate ProfessorEthics of Science and
Technology
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
6 |
Symposium location
Aobayama Campus of Faculty of Science Tohoku University
Registration Main Lecture Hall (Feb18-19 830-1300)
Plenary Session Main Lecture Hall (Feb18-19 900-1230)
Special Session Lecture Room 203 2F ldquoSogotohrdquo Building (Feb
1600-1710)
Parallel Collaborative Research Sessions Lecture Rooms 203
204 and 205 2F ldquoSogotohrdquo Building (Feb18-19
1350-1820)
Poster Session Entrance Hall (1F2F) of ldquoSogotohrdquo Building (Feb
18 1710-1830)
Banquet Cafeteria (Feb 19 1820-2020)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 7
Scientific program
Invited speakers
Plenary session
Dr Indranil Mazumdar (Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research India)
Prof Philippe Marcq (Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie Curie Institut Curie France)
Prof Young-Woo Son (Condensed Matter Physics Korea Institute for Advanced Study Korea)
Prof Jenann Ismael (Philosophy University of Arizona USA and University of Sydney Australia)
Prof Ryushi Goto (Mathematics Osaka University Japan)
DrJean Coupon (Astrophysics Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France)
Special session
Prof Jie Meng (Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
Prof Huaizhe Xu (Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University China)
Parallel session
Assistant Prof Hojun Im (Condensed Matter Physics Hirosaki University)
MS Masahiro Futaki (Mathematics The University of Tokyo)
Dr Masahiko Igashira (Philosophy Osaka University)
httpwwwsciencewebtohokuacjpspecialgcoeis2010
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
8 |
Time Table
February 18 Thursday February 19 Friday
900
~
930
ldquoOpeningrdquo Kunio INOUE (Project Leader)
Plenary Session Main Lecture Hall
930
~
1020
Indranil MAZUMDAR
(Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental
Research India)
930
~
1020
Jenann ISMAEL
(Philosophy Univ of Arisona USA and Univ of
Sydney Australia)
1030
~
1120
Philippe MARCQ
(Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie
Curie Institut Curie France)
1030
~
1120
Ryushi GOTO
(Mathematics Osaka University Japan)
1130
~
1220
Young-Woo SON
(Condensed Matter Physics KIAS Korea) 1130
~
1220
Jean COUPON
(Astrophysics Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris
France)
1230
~
1350
Lunch
1230
~
1350
Lunch
Parallel Session Lecture rooms 203 204 and 205
Room 205 204 203 Room 205 204 203
1350
~
1420
Masaki
Asano
(Particle
Theory)
Yoshihiro
Ueda
(Mathematics)
Jinsung Park
(Condensed
Matter
Physics )
1350
~
1420
Yoshiyuki
Onuki
(Particle
Experiment)
Masahiro
Futaki
(Mathematics
University of
Tokyo)
Ken-Ichiro
Imura
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
1430
~
1500
Kazunori
Kohri
(Particle
Theory)
Yuichi
Nohara
(Mathematics)
Tatsuro
Yuge
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
1430
~
1500
Takeshi Koike
(Nuclear
Experiment)
Tatsuki
Kawakami
(Mathematics)
Katsuhiko
Sato
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
1510
~
1540
Masafumi
Kurachi
(Particle
Theory)
Shota Sato
(Mathematics)
Hidekatsu
Nemura
(Nuclear
Theory)
1510
~
1540
Masatoshi
Itoh
(Nuclear
Experiment)
Masahiko
Igashira
(Philosophy
Osaka
University)
Hojun Im
(Condensed
Matter
Physics
Hirosaki
Univiersity)
1540
~
1600
Coffee Break
1540
~
1610
Coffee Break
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 9
Special Session Room 203
1610
~
1640
Yousuke Itoh
(Astronomy)
Masaru
Yonehara
(Philosophy)
Seigo Souma
(Condensed
Matter
Physics) 1600
~
1630
Jie Meng
(Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
1635
~
1705
Huaizhe Xu
(Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University
China)
1650
~
1720
Tomohiro
Yoshikawa
(Astronomy)
Shun Sato
(Philosophy)
Ryo Nouchi
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
Poster Session Entrance hall Collaborative Research Session
1710
~
1830
Research Assistants present their research
(Posters will be exhibited until 1330 of
February 19 Fri)
1730
~
1800
Takatsugu
Ishikawa
(Physics)
Katsuhiko
Sato
(Physics)
Yousuke
Itoh
(Astronomy)
Yuri Shimizu
(Physics)
Keita
Yokoyama
(Mathematics)
Yosuke
Takubo
(Physics)
Sumio
Yamada
(Mathematics)
1820
~
2000
Banquet
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
10 |
SpeakersTitles
February 18 Thursday
0930 - Kunio INOUE (GCOE program leader) ndash ldquoOpening addressrdquo (Main Lecture Hall)
Plenary Session
Chairmen H Tamura T Kawakatsu Y Hirayama Main Lecture Hall
0930 -1020 Indranil MAZUMDAR (Chairman H Tamura)
(Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research India)
ldquoHalo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fanordquo
1030 ndash 1120 Philippe MARCQ (Chairman T Kawakatsu)
(Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie Curie Institut Curie France)
ldquoMechanics of Stress Fibersrdquo
1130 ndash 1220 Young-Woo SON (Chairman Y Hirayama)
(Condensed Matter Physics KIAS Korea)
ldquoRelativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters ndash Graphene and othersrdquo
1230 ndash 1350 Lunch
Parallel Session A - Particle Nuclear Astro-physics Group
Chairman K Hikasa Room205
1350 ndash 1420 Masaki ASANO (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoGeneral WIMP search at International Linear Colliderrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Kazunori KOHRI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoPrimordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmologyrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masafumi KURACHI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoHiggsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breakingrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Parallel Session B ndash Condensed Matter Physics Group Nuclear Physics
Chairman R Saito Room203
1350 ndash 1420 Jinsung PARK (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University )
ldquoExciton effect of Raman resonance window of single wall carbon nanotubesrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Tatsuro YUGE (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoProperties of response function of nonequilibrium steady staterdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Hidekatsu NEMURA (Nuclear Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoHyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCDrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Parallel Session C ndash Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Chairman H Kozono Room204
1350 ndash 1420 Yoshihiro UEDA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoApplication of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem for damped wave equation
with non-convexityrdquo
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 11
1430 ndash 1500 Yuichi NOHARA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoToric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systemsrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Shota SATO (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoSingular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of a Semilinear Parabolic Equationrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Special Session
Chairman O Hashimoto Room203
1600 ndash 1630 Jie Meng
(Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
ldquoCovariant density functional theory for Nuclear structure and application in astrophysicsrdquo
1635 ndash 1705 Huaizhe Xu (Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University China)
ldquoControl of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism in ZnO based
DMSrdquo
Poster Session
Entrance hall of ldquoSogotohrdquo
1710 ndash 1830 80 Research assistants present their research
February 19 Friday
Plenary Session
Chairmen K Naoe R Miyaoka T Futamase Main Lecture Hall
0930 -1020 Jenann ISMAEL (Philosophy University of Arizona USA and University of Sydney
Australia) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoA Fresh Direction for Quantum Research What Might Entanglement Be Telling Usrdquo
1030 ndash 1120 Ryushi GOTO (Mathematics Osaka University Japan) (Chairman R Miyaoka)
ldquoCalabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structuresrdquo
1130 ndash 1220 Jean COUPON (Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France)
(Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoProbing the large scale structure in the Universe with CFHTLSrdquo
1230 ndash 1350 Lunch
Parallel Session A ndash Particle Nuclear Astro-physics Group
Chairmen H Tamura T Futamase Room205
1350 ndash 1420 Yoshiyuki ONUKI (Particle Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoMeasurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle angle phi3 at Belle experimentrdquo
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
12 |
1430 ndash 1500 Takeshi KOIKE (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoHypernuclear γ-ray spectroscopy at J-PARCrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masatoshi ITOH (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoSearch for the alpha cluster condensed state in 16
0rdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University) (Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoA dipole anisotropy of galaxy distribution Does the CMB rest frame exist in the local universerdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Tomohiro YOSHIKAWA (Astronomy Tohoku University) (Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoMOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies at the Star-Forming Epoch of the Universerdquo
Parallel Session B ndash Condensed Matter Physics Group
Chairmen Y Kuramoto T Takahashi Room203
1350 ndash 1420 Ken-Ichiro IMURA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoFrom graphene to Z2 topological insulatorrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Katsuhiko SATO (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoShear-induced phase separation of complex fluidsrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Hojun IM (Condensed Matter Physics Hirosaki University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoCe 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum critical point
a resonant angle-resolved photoemission studyrdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Seigo SOUMA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Takahashi)
ldquoSpin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of Rashba effect on semi-metal surfacerdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Ryo NOUCHI (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Takahashi)
ldquoMetal-contact effect on graphenerdquo
Parallel Session C ndash Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Chairmen T Shioya K Naoe Room204
1350 ndash 1420 Masahiro FUTAKI (Mathematics The University of Tokyo) (Chairman T Shioya)
ldquoAround Homological Mirror Symmetryrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Tatsuki KAWAKAMI (Mathematics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Shioya)
ldquoOn the heat equation in a half space with a nonlinear boundary conditionrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masahiko IGASHIRA (Philosophy Osaka University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoAn Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mindrdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Masaru YONEHARA (Philosophy Tohoku University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoUtilitarianism and Rawlsrdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Shun SATO (Philosophy Tohoku University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoHusserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience in Transcendental Phenomenologyrdquo
Collaborative Research Session A
Chairman K Inoue Room205
1730 ndash 1740 Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoResearch Center for Electron Photon Science (Laboratory of Nuclear Science) Development of an
electro-magnetic calorimter made up of ceramic PrLuAG scintillatorrdquo
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 13
1740 ndash 1750 Yuri SHIMIZU (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoStudy of geo neutrinos with KamLANDrdquo
1750 ndash 1800 Sumio YAMADA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoGeometric Analysis on Einstein Equationrdquo
Collaborative Research Session B
Chairman H Yamamoto Room203
1730 ndash 1740 Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
ldquoStudy of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed matter in gravitational wave
astronomyrdquo
1745 ndash 1755 Yosuke TAKUBO (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoDevelopment of Readout Board for FPCCD Detectorrdquo
Collaborative Research Session C
Chairman T Ogawa Room204
1730 ndash 1840 Katsuhiko SATO (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoTheoretical formulation of morphology dynamics of membranes based on a combination of
mathematical models and differential geometryrdquo
1745 ndash 1755 Keita YOKOYAMA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoThe search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics from the logical and
philosophical point of viewrdquo
1820 ndash 2000 Banquet
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
14 |
Talks
Plenary Session
Talk-1 ldquoHalo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fanordquo
Indranil MAZUMDAR (Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research India)
Talk-2 ldquoMechanics of Stress Fibersrdquo
Philippe MARCQ (Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie Curie Institut Curie France)
Talk-3 ldquoRelativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters ndash Graphene and othersrdquo
Young-Woo SON (Physics KIAS Korea)
Talk-4 ldquoA Fresh Direction for Quantum Research What Might Entanglement Be Telling Usrdquo
Jenann ISMAEL (Philosophy University of Arizona USA and University of Sydney Australia)
Talk-5 ldquoCalabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structuresrdquo
Ryushi GOTO (Mathematics Osaka University Japan)
Talk-6 ldquoProbing the large scale structure in the Universe with CFHTLSrdquo
Jean COUPON (Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France)
Special Session
Talk-7 ldquoCovariant density functional theory for Nuclear structure and application in astrophysicsrdquo
Jie Meng (Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
Talk-8 ldquoControl of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism in ZnO based DMS rdquo
Huaizhe Xu (Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University China)
Parallel Session A ndash ParticleNuclearAstoro- Physics Group
Talk-9 ldquoGeneral WIMP search at International Linear Colliderrdquo
Masaki ASANO (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-10 ldquoPrimordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmologyrdquo
Kazunori KOHRI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 15
Talk-11 ldquoHiggsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breakingrdquo
Masafumi KURACHI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-12 ldquoMeasurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle angle phi3 at Belle
experimentrdquo
Yoshiyuki ONUKI (Particle Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-13 ldquoHypernuclear γ-ray spectroscopy at J-PARCrdquo
Takeshi KOIKE (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-14 ldquoSearch for the alpha cluster condensed state in 16
0rdquo
Masatoshi ITOH (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-15 ldquoA dipole anisotropy of galaxy distribution Does the CMB rest frame exist in the local
universerdquo
Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Talk-16 ldquoMOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies at the Star-Forming Epoch
of the Universerdquo
Tomohiro YOSHIKAWA (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Parallel Session B - Condensed Matter Group Nuclear Physics
Talk-17 ldquo Exciton effect of Raman resonance window of single wall carbon nanotubesrdquo
Jinsung PARK (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-18 ldquoProperties of response function of nonequilibrium steady staterdquo
Tatsuro YUGE (Condensed Matter Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-19 ldquoHyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCDrdquo
Hidekatsu NEMURA (Nuclear Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-20 ldquo From graphene to Z2 topological insulatorrdquo
Ken-Ichiro IMURA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-21 ldquoShear-induced phase separation of complex fluidsrdquo
Katsuhiko SATO (Condensed Matter Theory Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
16 |
Talk-22 ldquoCe 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum critical point
a resonant angle-resolved photoemission studyrdquo
Hojun IM (Condensed Matter Physics Hirosaki University)
Talk-23 ldquoSpin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of Rashba effect on semi-metal surfacerdquo
Seigo SOUMA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-24 ldquoMetal-contact effect on graphenerdquo
Ryo NOUCHI (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Parallel Session C - Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Talk-25 ldquoApplication of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem for damped wave
equation with non-convexityrdquo
Yoshihiro UEDA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-26 ldquoToric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systemsrdquo
Yuichi NOHARA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-27 ldquoSingular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of a Semilinear Parabolic Equationrdquo
Shota SATO (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-28 ldquoAround Homological Mirror Symmetryrdquo
Masahiro FUTAKI (Mathematics the University of Tokyo)
Talk-29 ldquoOn the heat equation in a half space with a nonlinear boundary conditionrdquo
Tatsuki KAWAKAMI (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-30 ldquoAn Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mindrdquo
Masahiko IGASHIRA (Frontier Biosciences Osaka University)
Talk-31 ldquoUtilitarianism and Rawlsrdquo
Masaru YONEHARA (Philosophy Tohoku University)
Talk-32 ldquoHusserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience in Transcendental
Phenomenologyrdquo
Shun SATO (Philosophy Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 17
Parallel Session ndash Collaborative Research
Talk-33 ldquoDevelopment of an electro-magnetic calorimter made up of ceramic PrLuAG scintillatorrdquo
Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-34 ldquoStudy of geo neutrinos with KamLANDrdquo
Yuri SHIMIZU (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-35 ldquoGeometric Analysis on Einstein Equationrdquo
Sumio YAMADA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-36 ldquoStudy of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed matter in gravitational
wave astronomyrdquo
Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Talk-37 ldquoDevelopment of Readout Board for FPCCD Detectorrdquo
Yosuke TAKUBO (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-38 ldquoTheoretical formulation of morphology dynamics of membranes based on a combination of
mathematical models and differential geometryrdquo
Katsuhiko SATO (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-39 ldquoThe search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics from the logical and
philosophical point of viewrdquo
Keita YOKOYAMA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
18 |
Poster presentations PO no Title Name
1 Coherent control of excited states by multipulse photo excitation
Kenta Abe (Physics D2 Tohoku Univ)
2 de Haas ndashvan Alphen effect studies in the Antiferro-Quadrupolar ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3
Toshiyuki Isshiki (Physics D3 Tohoku Univ)
3 Measurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum in the Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHC
Takumi Ito (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
4 In situ NMR imaging of lithium- ion batteries during chargedischarge cycle
Yoshiki Iwai (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
5 Crack propagation in largely deformed rubber sheet
Daiki Endo (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
6 Optical response of photonic crystal with multi-layered structure
Rihei Endo (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
7 Pseudo-spin Kondo effect in a capacitively-coupled parallel double quantum dot
Yuma OKAZAKI (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
8 Spin and charge dynamics in a photo-excited double exchange system
Yu Kanamori (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
9 Observation of 8B Solar Neutrinos with KamLAND
Yoshiaki Kibe (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
10 z~3 LYMAN BREAK GALAXY CLUSTER SURVEY IN SSA22 WITH VIMOS
Katsuki Kousai (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
11 EELS and SXES studies of electronic structures of Al-TM alloys
Shogo Koshiya (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
12 Comparison of membrane physical property changes between DMPC membrane and DMPE membrane induced by melittin
Atsuji Kodama (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
13 Resonant x-ray scattering experiment on Pr(Ru1-xRhx)4P12
Kotaro Saito (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
14 Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
15 Pressure dependence of B-T phase diagram in heavy-fermion superconductor CeRhSi3
Tetsuya Sugawara (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
16 Neutral meson photoproduction with electromagnetic calorimeter complex FOREST
Koutaku Suzuki (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
17 Micro-photoluminescence around spin phase transition of ν=23 fractional quantum Hall regime
Jun-ichiro Hayakawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 19
18 Ionic conductivity of Trehalose-Water-Lithium iodide mixture in glass and supercooled liquid state
Reiji Takekawa (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
19 Progress of the new DAQ system for wide-band solar neutrino observation with KamLAND
Takemoto Yasuhiro (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
20 Double Chooz PMT preparation
TABATA Hiroshi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
21 Effects of lanthanoid ion on phosphate head groups in DMPC membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures
Kouya Tamatsukuri (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
22 Status of double beta decay experiment with KamLAND
Azusa Terashima (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
23 Simulations on Dynamics of Wormlike Micellar System Using Particle-Field Hybrid Models
Masatoshi Toda (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
24 Magneto-dielectric phenomena in charge ordered system with frustrated geometrical lattice
Makoto Naka (PhysicsD2 Tohoku University)
25 Pi-mesonic decays of Λ hypernuclei
Yoji Nakagawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
26 Axionic Mirage Mediation
Shuntaro Nakamura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
27 The Study of the Origin of Lyman alpha Emitters with Large Equivalent Widths
Yuki Nakamura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
28 Ultrafast broadband THz response of photo-induced metallic state in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF )2I3
Hideki Nakaya (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
29 Ring-Exchange interaction in Orbital Degenerate System
Joji Nasu (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
30 Shape Memory Effect Induced by Magnetic-Field Rotation in MnV2O4 Spinel Compound
Yoichi Nii (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
31 The ω meson photoproduction on the nucleon in the threshold region
Ryo HASHIMOTO (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
32 Prototype fast imaging detector for YN-scattering
Ryotaro Honda (Physics M1Tohoku University)
33 Ground state phase diagram of graphene in a high Landau level A density matrix renormalization group study
Tatsuya Higashi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
34 Investigation of the n (K0) reaction near the threshold
KFutatsukawa (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
35 Traffic flow of two lanes with a bottleneck
Sho Furuhashi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
20 |
36 Staggered Order with Kondo and Crystalline Field Singlets in f2 System
Shintaro Hoshino (Physics D1Tohoku University)
37 Proton elastic scattering of 9C at 290 MeV
Yohei Matsuda (Physics Assistant professor Tohoku University)
38 High Resolution and High Statistics Λ Hypernuclear Spectroscopy by the (eersquoK+) Reaction
Akihiko Matsumura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
39 External Gamma-ray Backgrounds of the KamLAND Detector
Yukie Minekawa (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
40 Higgs Triplet Model
Yusuke Motoki (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
41 Electron diffraction study of the low temperature phase of Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16
Daisuke Morikawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
42 Light scattering by collective excitation of phonon in quantum paraelectrics
Ryuta Takano (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
43 Formation of the Milky Way Based on the Analysis of Kinematics and Chemical Abundance of the Outer Halo Stars
Miho Ishigaki (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
44 Searching for Luminous Core-Collapsed Supernovae in a High-z Proto-Cluster
Nana Morimoto (Astronomy D1 Tohoku University)
45 A Study of Light Curves from Rapidly Rotating Neutron Stars
Kazutoshi Numata (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
46 CMB Bispectrum from the Second-Order Cosmological Perturbations
Daisuke Nitta (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
47 General Properties of Non-Radial Pulsations
Aprilia (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
48 A Study on Mathematical Fuzzy Logic
Ahmad Termimi Bin Ab Ghani (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
49 Some space-time integrability estimates of the solution for heat equations in two dimension
Norisuke Ioku ( Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
50 Well-posedness for Navier-Stokes equations in modulation spaces with negative derivative indices
Tsukasa Iwabuchi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
51 The soul conjecture for Riemannian orbifolds
Naoki Oishi ( Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
52 A new approach to the existence of harmonic maps
Toshiaki Omori (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
53 Stability of the interface of a Hele-Shaw flow with two injection points
Michiaki Onodera (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 21
54 THE ISOMORPHISM BETWEEN MOTIVIC COHOMOLOGY ANDK-GROUPS FOR
EQUI-CHARACTERISTIC REGULAR LOCAL RINGS
Yuki Kato (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
55 Bifurcations in semilinear elliptic equations on thin domains
Toru Kan (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
56 ON THE CURVATURE OF THE PSEUDO-VOLUME FORM DEFINING THE CARATH_EODORY
MEASURE HYPERBOLICITY
Shin Kikuta (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
57 Goumldels Incompleteness Theorem Recursively Axiomatizable Theories and Medvedev Degrees of Unsolvability
Takayuki Kihara (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
58 Hypergeometric series on a p-adic field
Kensaku Kinjo (Mathematics D2 Tohoku Univercity)
59 On Hasse principle of purely transcendental extension field in one variable
Makoto Sakagaito (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
60 Large time behavior of solutions for system of nonlinear damped wave equations
Hiroshi Takeda (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
61 Non-abelian generalization of Iwasawa theory
Kazuaki Tajima (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
62 The quadratic subextension of the class field of a real quadratic field
Toshihide Doi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
63 Pattern formation by receptor-based models for regeneration experiments on Hydra
Madoka Nakayama (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
64 The computational methods of canonical heights on elliptic curve
Tadahisa Nara (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
65 Spatial branching process in random environment
Nishimori Yasuhito (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
66 On a periodic decomposition of meromorphic functions
Takanao Negishi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
67 Difficulties of solving problems
Kojiro Higuchi (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
68 Undecidability and weak theory of concatenation
Yoshihiro Horihata (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
69 Daviesrsquo Conjecture for Pseudo-Schroumldinger Operators and its Applications to Penalization Problem
Masakuni Matsuura (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
70 TORSION POINTS OF ABELIAN VARIETIES WITH VALUES IN INFINITE EXTENSION FIELDS
Yuken Miyasaka (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
71 Maximum principle for a biological model related to the motion of amoebae
Harunori Monobe (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
22 |
72 Asymptotic behavior of solutions to the drift-diffusion equation in the whole spaces
Masakazu Yamamoto (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
73 A study of the idea of systematic knowledge
On the relation between nature and spirit in the organizational view of nature
Fukuko Abe (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
74 Medical technology and surrogate decision-making
Haruka Hikasa (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
75 Humersquos empiricism and the experimental method of reasoning
Hiromichi Sugawara (Philosophy D1 Tohoku University)
76 Epistemic deference and transmission of knowledge
How should we (non-scientists) acquire warranted beliefs about scientific propositions
Mariko Nihei (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
77 The Finiteness of Human Beings and the Role of Technology
Ryozo Suzuki (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
78 What is ethically problematic in Biogenetics
Takuma Obara (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
79 The ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude
Tetsurou Yamashita (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
80 Risk uncertainty and the precautionary principle How to deal with scientific uncertainty
Yasuhiko Fujio (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
81 The mechanism of suppressed dynamical friction in a constant density core of dwarf galaxies
Shigeki Inoue (Astronomy D2 Tohoku University)
82
83
84
85
86
87
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 23
Abstracts of Talks
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
24 |
Plenary Session
Talk-1
Halo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fano
Indranil Mazumdar
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai 400 005 India
Abstract
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 25
Talk-02
Mechanics of stress fibers
Abstract
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
26 |
Talk-03
Relativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters - Graphene
and others
Young-Woo Son
Korea Institute for Advanced Study
Abstract
Over the last thirty years researchers from various disciplines have interested in the physical properties of
carbon allotropes Half a decade ago a new carbon crystal called graphene was isolated Graphene a hexagonal
lattice of carbon atoms in the two-dimension is a condensed matter realization of the relativistic two-dimensional
Dirac equation After the successful isolations graphene has shown a cornucopia of interesting new physical
phenomena with an exponentially increasing literature The subtle interplays between electronic magnetic optical
geometrical and chemical properties in graphene have offered knotty riddles in various experiments as well as
various theoretical predictions to be verified Beyond its pure scientific thrusts there have been interests in radical
alternatives made of graphene to the conventional electronic devices In this talk I will discuss my recent works as
well as recent progress made in this exciting and fast moving field
Talk-04
Fresh Directions for Quantum Research
What Might Entanglement Be Telling Us
Jenann Ismael
University of Arizona University of Sydney
Abstract
Following a suggestion of David Bohmrsquos I will explore the possibility that phenomena associated with
entanglement and complementarity in quantum mechanics intimate a fundamentally non-spatiotemporal ordering to
reality
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 27
Talk-05
Calabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structures
Ryushi Goto
Osaka University
Abstract
The problem of constructing complete Ricci-flat Einstein manifolds is important for both Physicists and
geometers When the manifolds are compact and Kahler the problem is completely answered by Calabi and Yau
While it is mysterious and difficult for non-compact Kahler manifolds In this talk I will discuss a construction of
Ricci-flat metrics on a class of non-compact Kahler manifolds whose boundary are the cone of the Einstein-Sasaki
manifolds Einstein-Sasaki manifolds are the odd dimensional Einstein manifolds and recently new examples of
irregulat Einstein-Sasaki manifolds are discovered I will show that all resolution of the cone of Einstein-Sasaki
manifolds admit complete Ricci-flat Kahler metrics in every Kahler class by solving the Monge-Ampere equation
Many examples of Ricci-flat Kahler metrics arise as the resolution of the cone
Talk-06
Probing the Large Scale Structure in the Universe with the CFHTLS
Jean Coupon
Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France Tohoku University
Abstract
This talk focuses on the present and ongoing results of the Canada-France-Hawaii Legacy Survey (CFHTLS)
Recent progresses in observational cosmology have put tight constraints on the Standard Cosmological Model but
Dark Matter and Dark Energy remain the main unsolved questions By measuring the matter power spectrum in the
Universe one is able to study the properties and evolution of the Dark content I will present two complementary
methods among the most powerful ones to explore the large scale structure in the Universe First is the probe of the
total amount of matter through weak gravitational lensing (cosmic shear) and second is the study of galaxy
clustering in the framework of the Dark Matter halo model In addition considering that photometric redshifts are
solely capable to be measured for millions of galaxies I will demonstrate why they are essential to modern
cosmology and how to estimate precise values I will explain why the CFHTLS is best suited for these kinds of
analysis and I will show the most recent results Although cosmic shear probes are a very promising tool I will
explain why it is also challenging In particular I will emphasize some of the problems faced by observers
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
28 |
Special Session
Talk-07
COVARIANT DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY FOR NUCLEAR
STRUCTURE AND APPLICATION IN ASTROPHYSICS
J Meng
School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering Beihang University
Beijing 100191 China
The covariant density functional theory (DFT) with a minimal number of parameters allows a very successful
phenomenological description of ground state properties of nuclei all over the periodic table Recent progresses on
the application of the covariant density functional theory as well as its extensions by the group in Beijing for a
series of interests and hot topics in nuclear astrophysics and nuclear structure are reviewed including the rapid
neutron-capture process ThU chronometer halo and giant halo in density dependent relativistic
Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov and neutron halo in deformed nuclei
Talk-08
Control of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism
in ZnO based DMS
Huaizhe Xu
Department of Physics Beihang University Beijing 100191 P R China
Diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) have attracted growing interest because of their rich physics and
potential for new device applications in the field of spintronics However a basic requirement for practical
applications of ferromagnetic DMS is the achievement of Curie temperatures TC well exceeding room temperature
Based on the mean field theory Dietl et al had predicted that transition-metal doped ZnO might be one of the most
prospective candidates for realizing room-temperature DMS which had stimulated a great of interesting on the
ZnO based DMS However as the evidences for both intrinsic and the extrinsic ferromagnetism of Zn1-xCoxO have
been experimentally observed the origin of the ferromagnetism was in intensive dispute In order to clear the
confusions on the structure and the ferromagnetic origin of Zn1-xCoxO we have systemically investigated the
structure and the ferromagnetism of the Zn1-xCoxO nanocrystals Our experimental results indicate that
bull The Co doping concentration in ZnO nanocrystals is only 5 The Co distribution in the nanocrystals is
inhomogeneous for the self-purification mechanism
bull The ferromagnetism of Zn095Co005O has great variations via different post-annealing treatment (O2 Ar
and H2 respectively)The variations of ferromagnetism owing to increase of Vorsquos and the formation of
Co-H-Co stable structures
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 29
bull P-type doping can improve the magnetic coupling between Co ions which is supported by the BMPs
model
bull The inhomogeneous distribution of TM may be the main reason of the current controversy in experimental
results on many of the highly crystallized DMS It should be seriously taken into account in future DMSs
study
Reference
[1] Jianjun Li Weichang Hao Huaizhe Xu et al Journal of Applied Physics 2009 106 063915
[2] Jianjun Li Weichang Hao Huaizhe Xu et al Journal of Applied Physics 2009 105 053907
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
30 |
Parallel Session A (ParticleAstronomy)
Talk-09
General WIMP search at International Linear Collider
Masaki Asano
Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Existence of dark matter in our universe has already been established by recent cosmological observation such
as the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe experiment The most plausible candidate for dark matter is a
Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) Models of the physics beyond the standard model contain a
candidate for WIMP dark matter other new particles (eg charged heavy particle X^-) and new vertices (eg
(WIMP X^- W^+)) We study the process e^+ e^- X^+ X^- WIMP W+ WIMP W^- in order to distinguish
the dark matter nature in the International Linear Collider (ILC) From the study of this process new particle
masses and parameters can be determined very accurately In particular angular distributions are the powerful
probe to investigate the spin of new particles In this study we consider candidates for WIMPs in the
supersymmetric model the little Higgs model and the inert doublet model We investigate the sensitivity of the
measurements to dark matter nature at the ILC based on a realistic Monte Carlo simulation
Talk-10
Primordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmology
Kazunori Kohri
Physics Assistant Tohoku University
Abstract
When we study phenomena occurred at the beginning of the Universe we have to have a birds-eye nature-view for
the hierarchy of physics and employ all connected fields in physics such as particle physics nuclear physics
general relativity astrophysics and cosmology Thus the GCOE program in Tohoku University should be perfect for
us to accomplish this purpose
So far we have confirmed that the standard big-bang cosmology can describe the Universe correctly as far back as
the cosmic time is one second at which big-bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) starts because theoretical predictions of
light element abundances in BBN completely agree with observations Therefore that epoch is the earliest one
after which we understand the Universe by using theoretical physics
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 31
On the other hand in modern particle physics beyond the standard model variety of new phenomena are predicted
in earlier epochs We can check if those new theories are consistent with observations by comparing light element
abundances predicted in each theory with observational data since these new theories easily affect the light element
abundances Thus BBN can verify those hypothetical theories and probe the earlier Universe
In this talk I would like to discuss recent topics in particle cosmology which relates with verifications of new
theories such as supersymmety (SUSY)
Talk-11
Higgsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breaking
Masafumi Kurachi
Physics Assistant Professor Tohoku University
Abstract
It is known that masses of elementary particles are explained by the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the
electroweak symmetry however the origin of the electroweak symmetry breaking has not been identified so far In
the Standard Model of the elementary particles the spontaneous electroweak symmetry breaking is achieved by
introducing an as yet undiscovered scalar particle (Higgs particle) and letting them have the vacuum expectation
value It is true that the Standard Model with Higgs particle is consistent with numerous numbers of experiments
which have been done so far however Higgs sector of the Standard Model itself has several theoretical problems
One of the most serious problem is the hierarchy problem which originates from the fact that the mass of the scalar
particle is not protected by the symmetry in the Standard Model Because of this many models beyondalternative
to the Standard Model has been proposed In this talk Id like to introduce a Higgsless model as an example of such
models which tries to cure the problem in the Standard Model In the Higgsless model because the Higgs particle is
removed from the Standard Model there is no hierarchy problem from the beginning As a possible new particle
which appears at a TeV scale vector meson is introduced in the model I will explain how to write down the
Lagrangian which describe this situation namely Standard Model - Higgs + vector resonance
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
32 |
Talk-12
Measurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle
angle phi3 at Belle experiment
Yoshiyuki Onuki
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Within the standard model CP violation arises due to a single phase in Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM)
quark mixing matrix Precise measurements of CKM matrix parameters therefore constrain the standard model
and may reveal new source of CP violation Various methods have been proposed to determine the unitarity triangle
angle phi3 of the CKM matrix with B-gtDX decay modes where X represents one or more light mesons In this talk
current experimental status and future prospects of phi3 measurements at Belle experiment will be summarized
Talk-13
Hypernuclear g-ray spectroscopy at J-PARC
Takeshi Koike
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Ordinary matter around us is made of at a subatomic level protons and neutrons However inside of a neutron star
there is a possibility that a matter made of strange particles as well exists These strange particles are called as
hyperons which distinguish themselves from protons and neutrons in having a strange quark or a strange quantum
number A nucleus with a hyperon(s) is then called a hypernucleus Studies of hypernucleus provide us with more
general and unified understanding of nuclear force which is one of the four fundamental forces of nature know to
mankind
Hypernuclei on Earth have artificially been created using particle beams provided by accelerators and been
actively studied experimentally The ongoing experimental efforts have entered a new phase with a commissioning
of an intense proton accelerator J-PARC in Tokai Japan since 2009 One of the main experiments that is planed
and prepared at the J-PARC facility is an ultra precise investigation of structures of various hypenuclei via the
gamma-ray spectroscopy using an array of high purity Germanium detector named as Hyperball-J
In this presentation the present status of Hyperball-J now being constructed will be reported as well as main
physics themes that the experiment strives to reveal
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 33
Talk-14
Search for the alpha condensed state in 16
O
Masatoshi Itoh
Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
34 |
Talk-15
A Dipole Anisotropy of Galaxy Distribution
Does the CMB Rest Frame Exist in the Local Universe
Yousuke Itoh
Astronomy Tohoku University
Abstract
The peculiar motion of the Earth causes a dipole anisotropy modulation in the distant galaxy distribution due to
the aberration effect However the amplitude and angular direction of the effect is not necessarily the same as those
of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) dipole anisotropy due to the growth of cosmic structures In other
words exploring the aberration effect may give us a clue to the horizon-scale physics perhaps related to the cosmic
acceleration In this paper we develop a method to explore the dipole angular modulation from the pixelized galaxy
data on the sky properly taking into account the covariances due to the shot noise and the intrinsic galaxy clustering
contamination as well as the partial sky coverage We applied the method to the galaxy catalogs constructed from
the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 6 data After constructing the four galaxy catalogs that are
different in the ranges of magnitudes and photometric redshifts we found that the two samples of fainter
magnitudes indicate a non-zero dipole anisotropy with amplitudes greater than that of the CMB dipole by a factor
10 and in the angular direction consistent with the CMB direction although the dipole signal is weaker for the other
two samples and is found sensitive to an inclusion of the Southern Galactic Hemisphere region The indicated
bulk-flow amplitude is also not inconsistent with the result implied from a stacked analysis of the kinetic
Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect of X-ray luminous clusters in Kashlinsky et al (20082009) Finally we argue that an
almost full-sky galaxy survey such as LSST may allow for a significant detection of the aberration effect of the
CMB dipole having the precision of constraining the angular direction to ~ 20 degrees in radius
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 35
Talk-16
MOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies
at the Star-Forming Epoch of the Universe
Tomohiro Yoshikawa
Astronomy Tohoku University
Abstract
Recent studies revealed that a significant fraction of stars in the present-day galaxies were formed when the age
of the universe was about a half of the present about a half of the stellar mass in the present universe is formed
during the several Gyrs In order to understand the buildup of stellar mass in galaxies at this epoch it is crucial to
examine the relationship of star formation rate (SFR) to stellar mass However fluxes from distant universe are
redshifted due to the expansion of the universe so that optical fluxes in rest-frame which provide stellar masses
and SFRs of galaxies are redshifted to near-infrared wavelengths
In this talk we present the results of near-infrared multi-object spectroscopic observations for 37 star-forming
galaxies at the high-redshift universe The observations are conducted with Multi-Object InfraRed Camera and
Spectrograph (MOIRCS) on the Subaru Telescope The sample is drawn from the Ks-band (22μm) selected
catalog of the MOIRCS Deep Survey (MODS) in the GOODS-N region To preferentially select actively
star-forming galaxies we put higher priority on the galaxies identified in the publicly available 24μm-source
catalog of the Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer (MIPS)
Hα emission lines were detected from 23 galaxies of which the median redshift is 212 We derived the SFRs
from extinction-corrected Hα luminosities and compared them with stellar masses estimated by SED fitting using
multi-band photometric data covering across UV and near-infrared wavelengths The comparison shows no
correlation between SFR and stellar mass Some galaxies with stellar mass smaller than ~1010
M show SFR
higher than ~100 M yr-1
The specific SFRs (SFR per unit stellar mass SSFRs) of these galaxies are remarkably
high galaxies which have SSFR higher than ~10-8
yr-1
are found in 8 of the present sample The large SFR
implies the possibility that the high SSFR galaxies significantly contribute to the cosmic SFR density of the
universe at z~2 We discuss the star-forming properties of the high SSFR galaxies
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
36 |
Parallel Session B (Condensed MatterNuclear)
Talk-17
Exciton effect of the Raman resonance window of
single wall carbon nanotubes
Jin Sung Park
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
In the Raman excitation profile (RRP) that is Raman intensity as functions of excitation energy an important
parameter for evaluating the population of SWNTs is the Raman resonance window which is defined by an
energy full width at half maximum in the RRP In quantum mechanics is obtained by the uncertainty relation for
the lifetime of the exciton A dominant origin of the lifetime of the exciton in the Raman scattering process is an
inelastic scattering by emitting or absorbing phonons In the previous paper we have calculated the carrier lifetime
by considering electron-phonon interaction and the Fermi golden rule [1] In the case of semicondcuting (S-)
SWNT the calculated values are in a good agreement with the experiment However some deviation between
calculation and experiment appears in a different way for type I and II S-SWNTs in which type I and II S-SWNTs
are defined respectively by [mod(2n+m3)=1] and [mod(2n+m3)=2] for a (nm) SWNT In fact the experimental
values for the type I S-SWNTs are smaller than the calculated ones while those for the type II S-SWNTs are larger
than the calculated one A possible reason for this deviation might come from the exciton effect which we did not
consider in the previous calculation For improving the deviation we calculate the value by considering
exciton-phonon interaction The exciton-phonon matrix element for the electron scattering process can be obtained
by the electron-phonon matrix element weighted by the exciton wave function coefficient [2] which depends on the
chiral angle and diameter In the previous calculation [2] we use a simple tight binding wavefunction for
exciton-phonon interaction but recently the exciton-phonon interaction is calculated by extended tight binding
method We will report the new calculated values and compare with the recent precise measurement by single
nanotube spectroscopy
Reference
1) J S Park et al Phys Rev B 74 165414 (2006)
2) J Jiang et al Phys Rev B 75 035405 (2007)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 37
Talk-18
Properties of response function of nonequilibrium steady state
Tatsuro YUGE
IIAIR Tohoku University
Abstract
Response to an external probe provides various information of a system and is one of the most important
characterizations of it In this talk we consider general properties of linear response functions of nonequilibrium
steady states We derive a microscopic expression of a linear response function for a deterministic model which
covers a wide range of nonequilibrium systems Using the expression we show sum rules and asymptotic behaviors
of it We demonstrate the properties by a molecular dynamics simulation of a numerical model We also discuss the
validity of the properties in a stochastic model
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
38 |
Talk-19
Hyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCD
Hidekatsu Nemura
Department of Physics Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 39
Talk-20
From graphene to Z2 topological insulator
Ken-Ichiro Imura
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
A topological insulator has a remarkable property of being metallic on the surface albeit insulating in the bulk
Recently much focus is on a specific type of topological insulators which is said to be Z2-nontrivial and realized as
a consequence of interplay between spin-orbit coupling and a band structure with effective relativistic dispersion
(electrons satisfy a Dirac equation) Such systems are invariant under time reversal and shows Kramers degeneracy
Graphene is a two-dimensional (2D) implementation of such Dirac electron system which also realizes a
prototype [1] of Z2 topological insulator in the presence of intrinsic and extrinsic (Rashba) spin-orbit interactions
Recently we were able characterize specific localization properties of this system in the presence of weak disorder
and under doping [2] We have shown in particular that localization symmetry class is determined by the parity of
the total number Ns of ldquoactivatedrdquo effective spins in the system Our diagnosis provides a contemporary version of
the weak localization theory
The correspondence between the physics of bulk and of the edge highlights the physics of a topological insulator
[3] To demonstrate we make a close comparison between the continuum Dirac theory and the square lattice
tight-binding model [4] for a Z2-topological insulator in 2D It is naturally shown that not only explicit but also
hidden Dirac cones in the high-energy spectrum contribute to and ensure the integral quantization of spin Hall
conductance The nature of gapless edge modes in the lattice model under different (straight vs zigzag) boundary
conditions is extensively studied We demonstrate that the edge modes of a Z2-topological insulator are susceptible
of various finite size effects in comparison with chiral edge modes of quantum Hall insulator By comparing the
behavior of gapless edge modes in real and momentum spaces we show that localizability of edge mode is
intricately related to level crossings due to projection of 2D bulk spectrum onto the 1D edge
[1] CL Kane and EJ Mele Phys Rev Lett 95 146802 (2005) ibid 226801
[2] K-I Imura Y Kuramoto and K Nomura arXiv09041676 Europhys Lett in press arXiv09075051 Phys
Rev B 80 085119 (2009)
[3] K-I Imura A Yamakage A Hotta and Y Kuramoto in preparation
[4] BA Bernevig TL Hughes and S-C Zhang Science 314 1757 (2006)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
40 |
Talk-21
Shearinduced phase separation of complex fluids
Katsuhiko Sato1)
Xue-Feng Yuan2)
and Toshihiro Kawakatsu1)
1)
Department of Physics Tohoku University Japan 2)
School of Chemical Engineering and
Analytical Science University of Manchester UK
Abstract
It is well known that complex fluids such as wormlike micellar solutions exhibit shear-induced phase separations
called shear banding [1] In such a situation the system spatially separates into two regions having high and
low shear rate values with a common shear stress The phenomenon has fascinated many investigators and has been
aggressively investigated both experimentally and theoretically
One of the most striking features of that phenomenon is that its behaviors are quite similar to those of
thermodynamic phase transitions such as liquid-vapor phase transitions despite that it is a non-equilibrium
phenomenon Examples of the similarities are (i) the appearance of a shear stress plateau in the stress-strain rate
curve (note the similarity with isotherms in the p-V plane in the liquid-vapor transition system) (ii) the
independence of the plateau value on the flow history and (iii) the existence of metastable states Although the
analogy between shear banding and thermodynamic phase transitions have been pointed out by many investigators
almost no solid theoretical explanation for these similarities has been presented up to now
Recently we have succeeded in solving this problem [2] ie we have answered to the question ldquoWhy does shear
banding behave like first order phase transitionsrdquo or ldquoCan we describe shear banding in terms of a potential just
like in the case of thermodynamic phase transitionsrdquo Starting from a mechanical constitutive model describing
shear banding which does not have any explicit thermodynamic potential we derive a quantity corresponding to
thermodynamic potentials by applying a reduction method based on the center manifold theory [3] to the governing
equation of the model The reduction method we have taken there is a general one so we can apply this method to
other constitutive models describing shear banding and there is a possibility that we reach some universality In this
talk we provide a brief review on shear banding and explain the details of our theoretical work
[1] H Rehage H Hoffmann Mol Phys 74 933 (1991)
[2] K Sato X-F Yuan T Kawakatsu Eur Phys J E in press
[3] H Mori Y Kuramoto Dissipative Structures and Chaos (Springer-Verlag Berlin 1998)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 41
Talk-22
Ce 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum
critical point a resonant angle-resolved photoemission study
Hojun IM Department of Advanced Physics Hirosaki Univerisy
Abstract
We report the systematic angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) studies of Ce-based heavy fermion compounds
CeNi1-xCoxGe2 whose ground states are change from antiferromagnetic to non-magnetic heavy fermion via
quantum critical point (QCP) Recently it was clearly observed that the Kondo resonance (KR) peaks (Ce 4f1 state)
are dispersed from above the Fermi-level (EF) and cross EF forming the diamond-shaped Fermi-surface (FS) in
non-magnetic heavy-fermion system CeCoGe08Si12 [1] The systematic Ce 4d-4f resonant ARPES studies of
CeNi1-xCoxGe2 reveal that such momentum-dependence of KR peaks exists across QCP indicating the itinerant
character of f-electrons in agreement with the results of angle-integrated photoelectron spectroscopy [2]
References
[1] H J Im et al Phys Rev Lett 100 176402 (2008)
[2] H J Im et al Phys Rev B 72 220405 (2005)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
42 |
Talk-23
Spin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of
Rashba effect on semi-metal surface
Seigo Souma
WPI-AIMR Tohoku University
Abstract
Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is known as a powerful technique to investigate the fine
electronic structure relevant to the intriguing physical phenomena in solids such as superconductivity heavy
fermions metal-insulator transition and so on This technique yet has suffered from two inherent problems
originating in the principle of PES itself namely (1) the high surface sensitivity and (2) the difficulty in resolving
the spin polarization of electrons To overcome those problems we have constructed an ultrahigh resolution
photoemission spectrometer equipped with a newly developed xenon-plasma discharge lamp and a mini-Mott
detector The xenon-plasma discharge lamp provides several intense resonance lines from xenon plasma in the
energy range of 8-11 eV which is enough to achieve high bulk-sensitivity Combined with a large hemispherical
energy analyzer and a spherical concaved grating we achieved high energy resolution less than 1 meV as a total
system in the spin-integrated mode We also have developed a compact Mott spin detector operating at 25 kV and
adapted it to the large hemispherical electron energy analyzer through an electron deflector lens We have
redesigned the analyzer and mounted the entrance of the deflector lens at a location close to the f40mm
microchannel plate (MCP) This enables the observation of electron energy and momentum by the MCP with
comparable quality to modern electron analyzers simultaneously to the electron spin measurement by the Mott
detector
In this talk we present spin-resolved ARPES experiments on group-V semimetal surfaces By using merit of
the newly developed photoemission spectrometer we clearly observed spin-splitting of energy band caused by
strong spin-orbit interaction enhanced in surface state (surface Rashba effect) which would be an essential
ingredients to design a new functional spintronics devices
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 43
Talk-24
Metal-contact effect on graphene
Ryo Nouchi
WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University
Abstract
Graphene one-atom-thick carbon sheet with a honeycomb structure have been attracting incredible attention for
its unique physical properties [1] This material shows an extraordinary high charge carrier mobility of higher than
200000 cm2 V
-1 s
-1 [2] and is considered to be a major candidate for a future high-speed transistor material In
addition graphene has shown its ability to transport charge carriers with spin conservation even at room
temperature and is regarded as a pivotal material for spintronics applications [3] In order to construct electronic
devices such as field-effect transistors (FETs) metallic materials should make a contact with the graphene layers as
is schematically shown in Fig 1 Resultant graphene-metal contacts are considered to affect device properties in a
similar way that metal-semiconductor interfaces govern the operation of conventional electronic devices through
formation of Schottkyohmic contacts In the case of metal-graphene interfaces carriers are expected to be doped
from the metal [4] and a pinning of the potential of graphene was found to occur at the contacts [5]
In this talk experimental investigations by means of a FET structure are presented Figure 2 displays typical
transfer (drain current versus gate voltage) characteristics of a graphene FET The gate voltage with a minimum
drain current can be indicative of carrier doping from the electrodes The overall shape of the characteristics
enables us to examine the potential pinning effect a simple simulation shows that distorted characteristics observed
with ferromagnetic contacts [6] is attributable to the absence of the potential pinning
[1] A H Castro Neto F Guinea N M R Peres K S Novoselov and A K Geim Rev Mod Phys 81 109
(2009)
[2] K I Bolotin K J Sikes Z Jiang M Klima G Fudenberg J Hone P Kim and H L Stormer Solid State
Comm 146 351 (2008)
[3] M Ohishi M Shiraishi R Nouchi T Nozaki T Shinjo and Y Suzuki Jpn J Appl Phys 46 L605 (2007)
[4] G Giovannetti P A Khomyakov G Brocks V M Karpan J van den Brink and P J Kelly Phys Rev Lett
101 026803 (2008)
[5] E J H Lee K Balasubramanian R T Weitz M Burghard and K Kern Nat nanotechnol 3 486 (2008)
[6] R Nouchi M Shiraishi and Y Suzuki Appl Phys Lett 93 152104 (2008)
Fig1 Schematic diagram of a graphene FET
SiO2
Highly-doped Si
Gate Voltage
Drain current
Drain voltage
A
Graphene
Metal contact
Fig2 Typical transfer characteristics
of a graphene FET
100806040200
Dra
in c
urr
ent (
mA
)
-40 0 40Gate voltage (V)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
44 |
Parallel Session C (MathematicsPhilosophy)
Talk-25
Application of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem
for damped wave equation with non-convexity
Yoshihiro Ueda
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
We consider the initial-boundary value problem for damped wave equations with a nonlinear convection term in
the half line In the case where the flux is convex it is shown that the solution tends to the corresponding stationary
wave In this talk we show that even for a quite wide class of flux functions which are not necessarily convex such
the stationary wave is asymptotically stable The proof is given by a technical $L^2$-weighted energy method and
an anti-derivative method
Talk-26
Toric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systems
Yuichi Nohara
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
A completely integrable system on a symplectic manifold of dimension 2n is a set of n functions which are
functionally independent and Poisson commuting A typical example is a moment map of a torus action on a toric
variety A completely integrable system gives a structure of foliation by Lagrangian submanifolds and this plays
an important role in mirror symmetry which is a duality in string theory (mathematically it is formulated as a duality
between symplectic geometry and complex geometry) For example mirror partners of toric varieties can be
constructed by using the moment maps
The Gelfand-Cetlin system is a completely integrable system on a complex flag manifold It is known that the flag
manifold has a degeneration into a (singular) toric variety We show that the Glefand-Cetlin system can be deformed
into a moment map of a torus action on the toric variety We also discuss some applications This talk is based on a
joint work with T Nishinou and K Ueda
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 45
Talk-27
Singular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of
a Semilinear Parabolic Equation
Shota Sato
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
We study the Cauchy problem for a semilinear parabolic equation Our concern is the existence of a singular
solution whose singularity becomes anomalous in finite time First we study the structure of singular radial
solutions for an equation derived by backward self-similar variables Using this we obtain a singular backward
self-similar solution whose singularity becomes stronger or weaker than that of a singular steady state This talk is a
joint work with E Yanagida
Talk-28
Around Homological Mirror Symmetry
Masahiro Futaki
Mathematics University of Tokyo
Abstract
Homological Mirror Symmetry (HMS for short) is a duality between complex and symplectic geometries
originally found by Maxim Kontsevich in 1994 In this talk we introduce a variant of HMS in the context of mirror
symmetry between Fano variety and Laudau-Ginzburg model and investigate some examples
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
46 |
Talk-29
On the heat equation in a half space with
a nonlinear boundary condition
Tatsuki Kawakami
Mathematics Tohoku University
Talk-30
An Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mind
Masahiko Igashira
Frontier Biosciences Osaka University
Abstract
At Osaka University we attempt to establish an interdisciplinary research area titled Cognitive Neuroscience
Robotics by closely integrating research on robotics cognitive science and neuroscience while aiming at the
creation of a new paradigm for understanding the human being and the realization of new interfaces for relieving
brain overload in the usage of highly-complicated IRT systems
In this program philosophers are engaged in the following two themes Firstly to suggest efficient methods for
creating a new paradigm from the view point of a philosophy of science while at the same time refining existing
theories within philosophy of science by examining whether these theories sufficiently contribute to our
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 47
understanding of the generating processes of new research areas Secondly philosophers approach the question of
whether the robot which can hardly be distinguished from real humans which might be produced in the future of
Cognitive Neuroscience Robotics should be recognized as having a MIND or RIGHTS
In this presentation basic conceptions and activities with regard to the second question will be discussed
Furthermore a method for approaching the complex problem of how to understand the MIND in the physical
world will be developed
Talk-31
Utilitarianism and Rawls
Masaru Yonehara
Philosophy Tohoku University
Abstract
John Rawls one of the most important political philosophers of the 20th century is a critic of utilitarianism In
utilitarianism an action is right if and only if it brings about the greatest balance of happiness over unhappiness for
everyone affected by the action otherwise it is wrong Rawls asserts that if slavery or some other system of
extreme social and economic inequalities can produce a greater balance of happiness over unhappiness than any
alternative utilitarianism condones or even commands these institutions which we normally consider quite unjust
According to Rawls his ldquotwo principles of justicerdquo condemn these unjust institutions However this criticism
against utilitarianism is incorrect And I argue that Rawlsrsquos theory has a fatal flaw his theory cannot provide good
reasons why immoral actions against the disabled are impermissible Hence the purpose of my presentation is to
demonstrate that utilitarianism can provide such reasons
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
48 |
Talk-32
Husserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience
in Transcendental Phenomenology
Shun Sato
Philosophy Tohoku University
Abstract
In this presentation I investigate a possible interpretation of Husserls phenomenological theory of perceptual
experience as a disjunctive one My study consists of four sections In sections 1 and 2 I characterize disjunctivism
as a position representing a resistance against what appears to be historically more or less orthodoxy presenting
what has been described as an argument from hallucination for this traditional view This form of argument seems
to compel us to acknowledge that our experience at large is a common factor to perception and hallucination and
therefore that our experience does not intrinsically reach worldly objects According to disjunctivists this seeming
is not the real They tell us that we have either experience if it is veridical which involves a worldly object or
experience which does not if it is not veridical hence we do not always have an intrinsically falling-short-of-world
experience They argue that we perceive in a veridical case an object which is a constituent of a real world as is
suggested they usually speak in defense of direct realism In section 3 I try to show that Husserls transcendental
idealism is not incompatible with direct realistic theory of perception looking into his conception of perceptual
intentionality evidence (or reason) and reality In the final section I take up an interpretation of Husserls view
about experience as disjunctivism provided by A D Smith to which I add my own view Finally I suggest that
Husserls disjunctivism should better be characterized as a form of epistemological disjunctivism
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 49
Parallel Session - Collaborative Research
Talk-33
Development of an electro-magnetic calorimeter made up of
ceramic PrLuAG scintillator
Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics)
Research Center for Electron and Photon Science (Laboratory of Nuclear Science)
Abstract
Quarks are fundamental building blocks of matter and they unite to configure composite particles called
hadrons Experimentally observed hadrons before 2003 can be understood as a composite of three quarks (baryons)
or that of a quark and an anti-quark (mesons) Study of exotic hadrons which are not classified as baryons or
mesons has been a subject of great interest in nuclear physics after a narrow S=1 baryon resonance (Θ+) was
observed at SPring-8LEPS for the first time The Θ+ can be a member of anti-decuplet penta-quark baryons (four
quarks and an anti-quark) with the lowest mass
After the LEPS experiment both the positive and negative results have been reported by many other facilities
Searching for other members is important to establish the penta-quark picture A narrow bump is observed at our
facility in the excitation function for η photo-production on the neutron near E~1 GeV It would be attributed to a
member of anti-decuplet baryons with hidden strangeness since no signature corresponding to this bump is
observed in η photo-production on the proton To investigate this bump precisely an electro-magnetic (EM)
calorimeter with a large solid angle and with a high energy resolution is required since the η meson is identified by
detecting two photons from its decay
A praseodymium doped lutetium aluminum garnet Lu3Al5O12 (PrLuAG) is an excellent scintillator for EM
calorimeters utilized in nuclear and particle physics It has good characteristics such as good energy resolution fast
response a short radiation length and no hygroscopicity At this moment its large single crystal cannot be
manufactured which may be used as a module for an EM calorimeter Recently a ceramic PrLuAG scintillator has
been developed by Prof Yoshikawa and Prof Yanagita in Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced
Materials Tohoku University The ceramic one is expected to be manufactured in a desired shape and to be much
cheaper than the single crystal In this talk the current status of preparing a ceramic PrLuAG scintillator dedicated
to an EM calorimeter is discussed
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
50 |
Talk-34
Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Abstract
Anti-neutrinos travel from the Earthrsquos interior due to beta decays of mainly three isotopes 238
U 232
Th and 40
K
The study of geo-neutrinos was performed using 207659-day data taken with KamLAND which is the
anti-neutrino detector contained 1000 tons of liquid scintillator (LS) The data includes 58603-day data since the
LS purification was started
The LS purification is distillation and N2 purge for LS and was performed to reduce low energy backgrounds
such as 85
Kr 210
Bi and 210
Po These isotopes were reduced by ~ 185000 ~ 12100 and ~ 116 respectively While
the LS purification reduced backgrounds it caused the decrease of light yield by ~ 20 and following the deviation
of the position and time dependence Energy and its deviation are corrected using calibration and spallation data
before the geo-neutrino analysis
Anti-neutrinos are extracted from data using the likelihood selection based on the probability density function of
anti-neutrinos and accidental backgrounds depending on those rate to use low energy region and outer volume with
many accidental backgrounds
The main backgrounds for geo-neutrinos are reactor neutrinos and 13
C(alpha n)16
O reaction The latter is
reduced by ~ 116 after the LS purification due to the reduction of the main alpha source 210
Po
The expected number of geo-neutrinos is calculated using the reference Earth model based on seismology
petrology and the BSE model It is 976 events The Rate + Shape + Time analysis was performed using these
results The best-fit of geo-neutrinos does not conflict with the expectation The accuracy of measurement was
significantly improved from the last official result Zero geo-neutrinos are excluded at over 3 sigma CL That is
the first evidence of geo-neutrinos The fully-radiogenic models of 44 TW or 31 TW were also restricted for the
first time
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 51
Talk-35
Geometric Analysis on Einstein Equation
Sumio Yamada
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
The Einstein equation states that the spacetime we live in is Ricci-flat (vacuum case) namely it is flat in the
sense that the Ricci curvature tensor of the spacetime as a Lorentzian manifold vanishes If it is simply flat then
the space becomes trivial namely the spacetime is isometric to the Minkowski space The Ricci-flatness on the
other hand allows much freedom in determining the shape of the spacetime The degree of freedom is manifest in
the nonlinearity of the Einstein equation whose structure as a system of fully nonlinear partial differential
equations has discouraged mathematicians and physicists alike for many years
In this talk we will present several aspects of current research which are different approaches to the task of
understanding the Einstein equation The first one is from the viewpoint of three dimensional Riemannian
geometry where the threefold represents the space obtained by fixing ldquotimerdquo in the spacetime The second comes
from analyzing the Einstein equation as an evolution equation of the threefold a sort of deformation theory over
time The third approach is to formulate exact solutions of the Einstein equation which often contains
singularities the ldquoblackholesrdquo
The complete understanding of the Einstein equation still remains elusive those systematic approaches have
proved to be productive in mathematics as well as theoretical physics so that there are many beautiful theories born
out of the investigations
Talk-36
Study of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed
Study matter in gravitational wave astronomy
Yousuke Itoh
Astronomical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
Among the known four forces gravity is the most weak interaction As a result it is expected that gravitational
wave astronomy will enables us to explore the new aspects of the universe which are hidden for electromagnetic and
neutrino astronomers Those include the early universe beyond the redshift ~ 1000 (the last scattering surface of the
cosmic microwave background) and properties of matter inside highly compact stars In this talk I will briefly review
the gravitational wave theory how we detect it the current status of the world-wide efforts for gravitational wave
detection and then talk about our research efforts
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
52 |
Talk-37
Development of Readout Board for FPCCD Detector
Yosuke Takubo
Department of physics Tohoku University
Abstract
FPCCD (Fine Pixel CCD) is a CCD detector whose pixel size is 5 x 5 μm2 and thickness of the sensitive layer
is 15 μm The sensitive layer of FPCCD is fully depleted to suppress the diffusion in the epitaxial layer and it
realizes good hit separation capability It is considered to use FPCCD for the high energy physics material science
and astronomy since the small pixel size realizes the excellent position resolution To establish the technology we
developed the test sample of FPCCD in 2008 whose pixel size is 12 x 12 μm2 The pixel size will be make smaller
to 6 x 6 μm2 in the second test sample in 2010 We also developed prototype of the readout ASIC to operate and
readout FPCCD
Together with the FPCCD sensor and readout ASIC development of the readout system is important issue
There are some requirements to the readout system due to characteristics of the FPCCD The readout speed must be
above 10 Mpixsec for one readout channel to read all the pixels The readout board must have ability of the data
processing like zero-suppression to reduce data sent to PC The data transfer rate to PC should be about 1 Gbps
We developed prototype of the readout board for FPCCD in 2009 The readout board is designed as
KEK-VME9U module The LVDS input and output is prepared to treat 16 x 4 channels Since a FPGA (Field
Programmable Gate Array) is equipped on the board logic for data processing could be easily modified The data
transfer rate to PC of 1 Gbps is realized by SiTCP technology in which the logic for TCPIP is embedded in FPGA
In my talk the status of development of the readout board will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 53
Talk-38
Theoretical Formulation of Morphology Dynamics of Membranes
Based on a Combination of Mathematical Models and Differential
Geometry
Yutaka Oya1)
Masatoshi Toda1)
Katsuhiko Sato1)
Toshihiro Kawakatsu1)
and
Izumi Takagi2)
1) Department of Physics 2) Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
Bio-membranes and vesicles are bilayers of lipid molecules with closed form A typical example is red blood cell
It is well known that the equilibrium shape of these membranes are determined by minimizing the following
Helfrich bending elastic energy [1]
2
02
CCdH aa
(1)
where ad is the infinitesimal area element of the membrane surface aC the local mean curvature 0C the
spontaneous curvature the bending elastic constant This energy is to be minimized among closed surfaces
having the prescribed surface area and bounding volume [2]
Although this Helfrich model is successful for equilibrium shape problems it is not easy to study dynamical
processes such as deformation fission and fusion of membranes under an external flow field or in the presence of
guest molecules such as polymers injected into the membrane In such a situation a field-theoretic approach to
Helfrich model is quite useful It is called the phase field (PF) model where the infinitely thin membrane
described by eq(1) is approximated by a finitely thin interface (topological defect) of a scalar field r [3] As
the membrane is described by a filed variable it is easy to combine it with other fields for example a flow field
(Navier-Stokes (NS) equation) or a density distribution of polymer chains (self-consistent field (SCF) theory)
We develop theoretical formulations for polymer chains encapsulated in
a membrane (PF+SCF) and for membranes floating in a flow field
(PF+NS) The former is a model of drag delivery system and the latter is a
model for a blood flow in a blood vessel Figure 1 shows typical
axisymmetric shapes of membranes that contain polymer chains obtained
by PF+SCF technique A shape deformation of membrane induced by the
injected polymer can be observed
[1] UZeifert Adv Phys 46 (1997) 13
[2] TNagasawa and ITakagi Calc Var and PDE 16 (2003) 63
[3] QDu C Liu and X Wang J Comput Phys 198 (2004) 450
a)
b)
Fig1 Two typical axisymmetric
shapes of membranes containing
polymers inside (a) prolate and (b)
oblate shapes
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
54 |
Talk-39
The search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics
from the logical and philosophical point of view
Keita Yokoyama
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
In this research we investigate the certainty of foundations of mathematics including the concepts of infinity
provability axiomatizability normativity determinacy and so on In this talk we will overview the certainty of
infinitesimal analysis by means of the measure of the logical strength as an example
In the 17th century differential and integral calculus was developed using infinitely small or infinitesimal
quantities by G W Leibniz and others However the theory of infinitesimals was completely replaced by the
theory of limits in the 19th century In 1960rsquos A Robinson introduced the theory of non-standard analysis and
justified the theory of infinitesimals in it [1] Non-standard analysis has been investigated by many researchers as a
branch of logic or analysis and it has been applied to the study of analysis number theory and other fields of
mathematics On the other hand the strengths of many theorems of classical analysis are measured by comparing
them with axioms of arithmetic as a program of Reverse Mathematics by H Friedman S Simpson and others [2]
For example the axiom ldquoweak Koenigrsquos lemma (WKL)rdquo is equivalent to the Brouwer fixed point theorem and the
Cauchy integral theorem and the axiom ldquoarithmetical comprehension (ACA)rdquo is equivalent to the AscoliArzela
lemma and the Riemann mapping theorem Then can we measure the certainty of infinitesimal analysis Is
infinitesimal analysis more complex or less certain than classical analysis Our aim is to answer these question
In 1980rsquos H J Keisler gave simple axioms for the theory of infinitesimal analysis So we measure the strengths
of these axioms by comparing them with axioms of arithmetic The axioms of infinitesimal analysis consist of
ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo ldquotransfer principlerdquo and other weak principles named nsBASIC Our main
results of this study are following
1 nsBASIC plus ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo is a conservative extension of the axiom of arithmetic
WKL
2 nsBASIC plus ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo plus ldquotransfer principlerdquo is a conservative extension of
the axiom of arithmetic ACA
It is known that the most part of classical analysis can be developed within WKL or ACA Consequently the theory
of infinitesimal analysis has the same certainty as the theory of classical analysis
References
[1] Stephen G Simpson Subsystems of Second Order Arithmetic Perspectives Springer-Verlag 1999
[2] A Robinson Non-standard Analysis North-Holland revised edition 1974
[3] Keita Yokoyama Formalizing non-standard arguments in second-order arithmetic to appear
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 55
Abstracts of Poster Presentations
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
56 |
Po-1
Coherent control of excited states by multipulse photo excitation
Kenta Abe
Physics D2 Tohoku University
The control of quantum phenomena with modulated laser pulses has already been demonstrated successfully on
a variety of chemical and physical systems For example the temporal structure of the pulse can be periodically
modified to yield a train of pulses If the temporal spacing of the pulse train coincides with the period of a
molecular vibration a wavepacket involving just a selected mode can be excited selectively over other modes We
adopted coherent control method using multipulse excitation to get information about transient vibration of the
excited states in materials
The coherent control measurement was carried out by a setup based on femtosecond absorption spectroscopy
Output of the Tisapphire laser system (800nm 1mJ 150fs 1kHz) was divided into several parts One part was
used to generate the tunable prepump (~100fs) by an infrared optical parametric amplifier (IR-OPA) The prepump
generated the excited state in the materials Another part was used to drive a noncollinear OPA (NOPA) generating
the ultrashort transform-limit (TL) pulse (lt20 fs) for the coherent control A pulse shaper which consists of a spatial
light modulator (SLM) with 800times600 pixels in a 4f arrangement modulated the TL pulse and generated the shaped
pump pulse The rest output generated the broadband tunable probe pulse using another NOPA and a prism pair
pulse compressor Time resolution of the system was about 20fs
Nile Blue was selected as prototype system because of its strong oscillatory features The coherent vibration
induced by the TL or shaped pump pulse was observed Figure 2 shows the Fourier transform (FT) spectra of the
transient vibration with and without the prepump With the prepump the peak frequency of the FT-spectrum is
lower than that without the prepump The multipulse excitation could successfully induce the coherent vibration in
the excited state Furthermore we carried out the coherent control by the shaped pump pulse The periodic pulse
trains can selectively control the coherent vibration in the ground andor excited states
Fig 2 Transient vibration induced by TL pulse Fig 1 Sketch of the multipulse excitation setup
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 57
Po-2
de Haas ndashvan Alphen effect studies in the Antiferro-Quadrupolar
ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3
T Isshiki T Komatsubara HS Suzuki N Kimura H Aoki
Physics D3 Tohoku University
In the past decade it is found that higher order multipoles (quadrupolar octupolar etc) play a key role in some
rare earth and actinide systems Although a great number of studies have been performed the mechanism of the
multipolar ordering has not been clarified yet On the other hand some previous experiments suggest that the
quadrupolar ordering is mediated via the conduction electrons Moreover in some Pr-based compounds which have
nonmagnetic 3 doublet in the crystalline electric field ground state a huge CT value is observed in the specific
heat measurement even at low temperatures These results indicate that quadrupole moments might be strongly
coupled with the conduction electrons but there is no clear evidence so far Therefore it is important to investigate
the role of the conduction electrons in these systems
The de Haas -van Alphen(dHvA) effect is a powerful method to measure the properties of conduction electrons
We study the dHvA effect in the antiferro-quadrupolar(AFQ) ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3 (1) to
investigate whether or not a huge CT at low temperatures and the non-Fermi liquid behavior reported for the
specific heat and electrical resistivity in Pr1-xLaxPb3 come from the interplay between quadrupole moments and the
conduction electrons (2) to investigate how the change of the f electron state such as the one from the
para-quadrupolar state to the AFQ state affects the properties of conduction electrons and (3) to investigate the
quantum criticality of the quadrupolar ordering
We have succeeded in observing the change in the properties of conduction electrons associated with the change
of the f electron state The details are discussed in this presentation
Po-3
Measurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum
in the Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHC
Takumi Ito
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Supersymmetry (SUSY) is the well-motivated candidate of the physics beyond the standard model If
SUSY really exists at the TeV energy scale a large number of SUSY particles are produced at the LHC
experiments A signature of SUSY at the LHC strongly depends on the SUSY mass spectrum Some
SUSY models have a long-lived heavy charged particle and in such case we should completely alter a
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
58 |
strategy to study the SUSY events from one in a widely-studied case with a long-lived heavy neutral
particle
We study the model with a long-lived stau (supersymmetric partner of tau lepton) and demonstrate the
several masses of superpaticles can be measured with a good accuracy [1] We focus on the case in which
the mass differences between the lightest stau and other sleptons are ~ 10 GeV or larger so that the decay
products of heavier sleptons are hard enough to be detected First we determine the masses of neutralinos as
the endpoint of the invariant mass distribution of (tau-jet - stau) since neutralinos mainly decay to the
lightest stau Next with the assist of the knowledge of the neutralino mass the masses of the right-handed
sleptons are determined as the sharp peak in the distribution of the invariant mass of (lepton - tau - stau)
Also squark (almost right-handed) masses can be measured well
In the previous study we left the mass reconstructions of other particles such as gluino charginos left-handed
sleptons and left-handed squarks They are in progress [2]
Reference
[1] Takumi Ito Ryuichiro Kitano and Takeo Moroi ldquoMeasurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum in the
Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHCrdquo arXiv 09105853 [hep-ph]
[2] Takumi Ito Ryuichiro Kitano and Takeo Moroi work in progress
Po-4
In situ NMR imaging of lithium- ion batteries
during chargedischarge cycle
Yoshiki Iwai
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Lithium-ion batteries are quite important power sources for mobile devices such as mobile phones notebook
computers portable audio players etc It is necessary to observe ion motion of liquid electrolyte in lithium-ion
batteries for increasing their safety and understanding mechanisms of the degradations Over the last several
decades many types of in-situ technique (X-ray Raman scattering infrared spectroscopy etc) have been adopted to
investigate the lithium-ion dynamics Moreover visualizing techniques are also starting to be employed for material
science over the biological and medical field X-ray and neutron tomography can see through the batteries however
these two techniques have disadvantages for lithium-ion batteries X-ray has low sensitivity for organic electrolyte
because the sensitivity of X-ray is proportional to weight of atoms Neutron beam has high sensitivity for proton
(1H) and lithium (
6Li and
7Li) however big facilities are need for the experiments Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Imaging (NMR imaging ) is also nondestructive imaging technique which can satisfy these two demands high
sensitivity of light atoms such as proton (or lithium) and small instrument compared with Neutron facilities The
aim of this work is to observe liquid electrolyte in the lithium-ion battery by NMR imaging technique to understand
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 59
ionic motion and behavior of its degradation as a function of electrochemical cycling As a start of this work I
report lithium (7Li) and proton (
1H) imaging data of special designed lithium-ion battery which is composed of
lithium-metal (negative electrode) and LiCoO2 (positive electrode) filled with liquid electrolyte LiClO4PC
Po-5
Crack propagation in largely deformed rubber sheet
Daiki Endo
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
60 |
Po-6
Optical response of photonic crystal with multi-layered structure
Rihei Endo
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Recently there has been rapid progress in the performance of nano scale artificial structure It is known that
the photonic crystals take an important role in developing next-generation devices Photonic crystals have a
photonic band structure with a gap energy that excludes light with a certain frequency which is the same
analogy as the energy band structure in the crystal of the solid We can control light freely by operating these
structures artificially and it is possible to create new type devices with new features
So far we had investigated one-electron properties of one-dimensional self-similar structures (SSS) SSS are
classified into the third group of systems in addition to periodic systems and random systems Electronic states
of SSS exhibits rich properties For example the presence of energy spectra and wave functions which have
multifractal characters is peculiar to such systems And almost all eigenstates for electrons are critical states
whose nature locate between extended states and localised states
Applying the concept of SSS to photonic crystals we aim at a development of a new type of optical device
We confine our discussion in 1D photonic crystals which consist of two different dielectric material layers A
and B in a SSS We assume the materials of A and B layers to be non-absorbing isotropic and uniform
dielectric matirials with reflective indices na and nb respectively (see fig1) To set up 1D self-similar
photonic crystal we apply the substitution rule to determine the order of two kinds of layer as shown in fig2 In
this poster We have investigated the time-dependent optical response of S-polarized wave and P-polarized
wave (see fig3) on this SSS by using transfer matrix method [1]
[1] J Phys A Math Gen 37 (2004) L1-L6 Rihei Endou Komajiro Niizeki Nobuhisa Fujita
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 61
Po-7
Pseudo-spin Kondo effect in a capacitively-coupled parallel double
quantum dot
Yuma OKAZAKI
Physics D1 Tohoku University
A low-dimensional nano-structure fabricated by semiconductor fine processing technology offers the ideal
playground for studying quantum and correlative nature of electrons Especially electronic states can be controlled
at a single electron level in a zero-dimensionally confined system known as a quantum dot (QD) The Kondo effect
is an electron correlation phenomenon resulting from a dynamical spin singlet formation between a localized spin
at the QD and its surrounding conduction electrons via an effective exchange interaction The Kondo effect has
been well investigated in bulk materials containing dilute magnetic impurities However more tunable approach for
the Kondo physics is possible with the helps of QDrsquos parameter-controllability
In this poster we show transport measurements in a double QD system with inter-dot capacitive coupling In
such a device charge degrees of freedom can be regarded as a pseudo-spin and play the equivalent role to the
electron spin in the Kondo physics Although the pseudo-spin Kondo effect has been already discussed in some
reported articles more quantitative and conclusive experimental results are lacking Two fingerprints for the
pseudo-spin Kondo singlet were experimentally observed in our fabricated device(Fig a b) The first one is Kondo
zero bias anomaly which originates from a many-body resonance level pinned at the Fermi surface due to the
Kondo singlet formation(Fig c) The second one is Kondo scaling which describes universal temperature
dependence scaled by the Kondo temperature A good fit was obtained between the observed temperature
dependence and a theoretical curve by numerical renormalization group theory(Fig d) Moreover a contribution
from the pseudo-spin was discussed via measurements in a finite in-plane magnetic field In conclusion a
formation of the pseudo-spin Kondo singlet was determined
Fig (a)Scanning electron microscope image of the device Electrons are confined into regions illustrated by circles (b)The charge stability diagram showing charge configurations in the two QDs VL(VR) is bias voltages applied to the gate L(R) labeled in Fig (a) The arrows depict charge and spin states (c)Kondo zero bias anomaly and (d)Kondo scaling were measured at the center of the two-headed arrow in Fig (b)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
62 |
Po-8
Spin and charge dynamics in a photo-excited double exchange system
Yu Kanamori
D2 Department of Physics Tohoku University
Hiroaki Matsueda1 and Sumio Ishihara
2
1Sendai National College of Technology
2Department of Physics Tohoku University
A variety of electronic phases in correlated electron systems is attributed to strong interplay between multi-degrees of
freedom of electrons such as charge spin and orbital Gigantic changes in electronic state are caused by weak perturbation in a
vicinity of phase boundary Perovskite manganite is one of the typical correlated electron materials with multi-degrees of
freedom Recently ultrafast photo-induced phenomena by applying femtosecond laser pulse have been measured in the
charge-ordered (CO) insulator associated with the antiferromagnetic (AF) order [1] Transient optical reflectivity and
magnet-optic Kerr rotation suggest strong coupling between the charge and spin degrees of freedom in the photo-induced states
Nonlinear increase of reflectivity change for photo-excitation density has been also reported
We study photo-induced charge and spin dynamics in perovskite manganite We adopt the extended double-exchange model
in one-dimension where the on-site and nearest-neighbor Coulomb repulsions between the eg electrons and the
nearest-neighbor AF exchange coupling between the t2g localized spins are taken into account By using the exact
diagonalization method and density-matrix renormalization-group method several transient spectra and static correlation
functions are obtained
It is shown that just after the photo-irradiation CO is melted and the band width of photo-carriers gradually increases with
increasing time The time dependence of the photo-carrier band and that of the in-gap component of the optical conductivity are
correlated with that in the spin correlation indicating strong coupling between charge and spin sectors This time scale is
governed by the electron transfer integral We also examine the photon intensity dependence of the spin and charge dynamics It
is found that pump photon intensity where the energy gain in the spin sector is saturated is smaller than that where the charge
energy is saturated This result implies that the spin and charge sectors are decoupled in the view point of the pump
photon-intensity
This work is supported by the global COE program of MEXT Japan
References
[1] K Miyasaka et al Phys Rev B 74 012401 (2006)
[2] H Matsueda and S Ishihara J Phys Soc Jpn 76 083703 (2007)
[3] Y Kanamori H Matsueda and S Ishihara Phys Rev Lett 103 267401 (2009)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 63
Po-9
Observation of 8B Solar Neutrinos with KamLAND
Yoshiaki Kibe (D3)
Department of Physics Research Center for Neutrino Science Tohoku University
The Kamioka Liquid Scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector that is KamLAND experiment is located at the site of the
former Kamiokande experiment in Gifu Prefecture Japan KamLAND uses 1 metric kton of liquid scintillator
contained in a 65m radius 135μm thick NylonEVOH balloon
Measurements of solar neutrinos and reactor anti-neutrinos have established neutrino oscillation and the Large
Mixing Angle (LMA) solution with matter effects described by Mikheyev Smirnov and Wolfenstein (MSW) as the
correct description of neutrino propagation from the Sun The 8B decay creates the continuous energy spectrum and
dominates the high-energy solar neutrino flux This has been measured previously using neutrino-electron
scattering with water Cherenkov detectors like Kamiokande Super-Kamiokande and SNO and the liquid
scintillator detector like Borexino The water Cherenkov detectors are able to reconstruct the direction of the
incoming neutrino and typically have thresholds of around 5 MeV Liquid scintillator detectors have much better
energy solution and the possibility of lower energy thresholds but no directional information The detection method
exploits the neutrino-electron elastic scattering reaction in the solar neutrino detection at KamLAND
The newly developed purification system rejects the radioactive backgrounds It allows us to explore lower
threshold of 35 MeV where is the unexplored energy region for 8B solar neutrino detection This work shows the
first measurement of 8B solar neutrino flux in KamLAND with 35 and 55 MeV thresholds
Po-10
z ~3 LYMAN BREAK GALAXY CLUSTER SURVEY IN SSA22
WITH VIMOS
Katsuki Kousai
Physics D2 Tohoku University
We report our redshift survey of z~3 Lyman break galaxies ( LBGs ) We observed LBGs spectra in SSA22
( 221734 +001504 ) 912 arcsec2 field to identify those spectral redshift and to study three dimensional
distribution of LBGs We have obtained spectral redshifts of 94 LBGs and found spike at z=31 33 and 37 in the
redshift distribution
SSA22 is a field in which Steidel et al discovered high density region of LBGs at z=309 ( Steidel et al 1998 )
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
64 |
They determined spectral redshifts of 99 LBGs at z~3 in 162 arcsec2 field They found a critical spike at z=309 in
their redshift distribution of LBGs
We have detected a lot of Lyman alpha emitters ( LAEs ) at z=309 in 912 arcsec2 field which contains the high
density region discovered by Steidel et al in our narrowband filter (NB497 band pass centered at 4977 Å
bandwidth of FWHM 77Å ) survey for LAEs with Subaru Prime Focus Camera to find a large scale structure of
LAEs ( Hayashino et al 2004 )
We also carried out LBG redshift survey in our LAE survey area We observed z~3 LBG candidates in the field
with ESO-VLT VIsible MultiObject Spectrograph ( VIMOS ) in 2006 and 2008 We identify spectral redshifts of 94
LBGs with Lyman alpha emission line ( 1216Åin rest-flame ) or metal absorption line ( Si II O I C II ( 1216Å
1303Å 1334Å in rest-flame ) etc )
We drew redshift distribution of those LBGs In our redshift distribution we found spike not only at z=31 that was
discovered by Steidel but also z=33 and 37 We also study spatial distribution of LBGs that is included those spikes It seems
that LBGs in each spikes are clustered in sky distribution of those LBGs
In our poster we report on the redshift distribution of 94 LBGs at z~3 the property of those density peaks that is found in
the redshift distribution and the spatial distribution of LBGs
Po-11
EELS and SXES studies of electronic structures of Al-TM alloys
Shogo Koshiya
Physics D1 Tohoku University
After the discovery of an icosahedral symmetry material (quasicrystals) in a melt-quenched Al6Mn alloy [1]
great effort has been spent for understanding the presence of quasiperiodic structured materials In recent years
Hume-Rothery mechanism which predicts an existence of a pseudogap around Fermi level (EF) is accepted as a
major reason for the stabilization of quasicrystals The presences of pseudogap structures in quasicrystals were
experimentally confirmed by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and EELS EELS experiments also pointed out
characteristic chemical shifts in Al L-shell excitation spectra of Al-based quasicrystals [2] which suggested a
decrease of valence electron charge at Al sites Recently a covalent bonding nature in quasicrystals was reported by
MEMRietveld analysis of 10-Al12Re and 11-Al73Re27Si10 [3] Thus it is interesting to investigate the relation
between chemical shift and bonding nature of quasicrystals On the other hand the systematic measurements of
electronic structures of the normal Al-transition metal (Al-TM) alloys help the understanding of the bonding
nature of the Al-based quasicrystal
In this study the chemical shift which is sensitive to the amount of valence electron of amorphous (Am)
quasicrystalline (QC) and crystalline (Cryst) phases of Al53Si27Mn20 alloys were investigated by a high
energy-resolution EELS transmission electron-microscope (TEM) [4] and a soft-X-ray emission spectroscopy
(SXES) instrument attached to a TEM [5]
From EELS measurements of Al L-edge (2p rarr CV) of the phases it was clearly shown that only the QC phase
showed an apparent shift to the larger binding energy side by 04 eV compared with that of Al single crystal This
result should be due to a large binding energy of Al L-shell of QC phase than that of pure Al (chemical shift) From
SXES measurements of Al K -emission (2p rarr 1s) of the phases it was revealed for the first time that the spectrum
of QC phase clearly showed a shift to the larger energy side of about 4 eV These results clearly indicate that the chemical shift is characteristic for QC phase Si K -emission spectrum of QC phase also showed a clear shift of
about 6 eV On the other hand there was not an apparent chemical shift for Mn L -emission (3d rarr 2p) Those
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 65
EELS and SXES results suggest that the amounts of valence electron of Al and Si atomic sites of Al53Si27Mn20
alloys are decreased only in the QC phase However Mn site does not change its valence electron charge
apparently in Am QC and Crystal phases It can be due to a localization of valence electrons of Mn atom
Chemical shifts of all constituent atoms for Am QC and Cryst phases of Al53Si27Mn20 alloys were examined first
time by EELS and SXES These results clearly presented that a chemical shift is characteristic for QC phase It
should be also noted that only Al and Si atoms of Al53Si27Mn20 change those valence electron states in QC phase
Experimental results of EELS and SXES on 10-Al12Re and 11-Al73Re17Si10 approximant crystals and Al-TM
alloys will be also presented
References
[1] D Schechtman et al Phys Rev Lett 53 1951 (1984)
[2] M Terauchi et al Phil Mag 87 2947 (2007)
[3] K Kirihara et al Phys Rev B 64 212201 (2001)
[4] M Tanaka et al Microsc Microanal 8 (Suppl 2) 68 (2002)
[5] M Terauchi et al Microsc Microanal 13 (Suppl 2) 166 (2007)
Po-12
Comparison of membrane physical property changes between DMPC
membrane and DMPE membrane induced by melittin
Atsuji Kodama
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Melittin an amphipathic peptide composed of 26 amino acid residues from honeybee venom is
widely used as a model of membrane protein in the study of lipid-protein interaction in
biomembranes In this study interaction of melittin with DMPC membranes and DMPE membranes
were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and fluorescent spectrometry with an
environment sensitive fluorescent dye Laurdan and tryptophan (Trp) residue in melittin In DSC
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
66 |
study the main phase transition peak of DMPC became broader gradually with increasing of
melittin On the other hand such a transition peak behavior was not observed in DMPE
thermograms In the fluorescent study with Laurdan Generalized Polarization (GP) was calculated
from I440 and I490 of Laurdan emission spectra Around phase transition temperature GP value for
DMPE changed drastically in the presence of melittin compared with in the absence of melittin It
indicated that melittin disturbed infiltration of water molecules into the lipid glycerol backbone
regions Contrary to DMPE temperature region of GP value change for DMPC became broader with
increasing of melittin It related to the reduction of transition cooperativity In the tryptophan
fluorescent study λmax was shorter than the system without lipids through the all temperature
regions at all mole fractions of melittin in DMPC systems In DMPEMelittin systems λmax was
longer than DMPCMelittin systems The results showed that melittin was in the hydrophobic
environment in DMPCMelittin systems On the other hand melittin was in hydrophilic
environment in DMPEMelittin systems These results indicated that melittin located in DMPC
membrane and on DMPE membrane surface From the GP value the glycerol backbone regions of DMPE
membranes have higher packing compared with DMPC one It indicated that the higher packing of DMPE
possibly disturbed penetration of melittin
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 67
Po-13
Resonant x-ray scattering experiment on Pr(Ru1-xRhx)4P12
Kotaro Saito
Dept of Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
68 |
Po-14
Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Anti-neutrinos travel from the Earthrsquos interior due to beta decays of mainly three isotopes 238
U 232
Th and 40
K
The study of geo-neutrinos was performed using 207659-day data taken with KamLAND which is the
anti-neutrino detector contained 1000 tons of liquid scintillator (LS) The data includes 58603-day data since the
LS purification was started
The LS purification is distillation and N2 purge for LS and was performed to reduce low energy backgrounds
such as 85
Kr 210
Bi and 210
Po These isotopes were reduced by ~ 185000 ~ 12100 and ~ 116 respectively While
the LS purification reduced backgrounds it caused the decrease of light yield by ~ 20 and following the deviation
of the position and time dependence Energy and its deviation are corrected using calibration and spallation data
before the geo-neutrino analysis
Anti-neutrinos are extracted from data using the likelihood selection based on the probability density function of
anti-neutrinos and accidental backgrounds depending on those rate to use low energy region and outer volume with
many accidental backgrounds The number of anti-neutrino candidates is 2043 events
The main backgrounds for geo-neutrinos are reactor neutrinos and 13
C(alpha n)16
O reaction The latter is reduced
by ~ 116 after the LS purification due to the reduction of the main alpha source 210
Po The number of total
backgrounds is estimated to be 20158 events
The expected number of geo-neutrinos is calculated using the reference Earth model based on
seismology petrology and the BSE model It is 976 events The Rate + Shape + Time analysis was
performed using these results The best-fit of geo-neutrinos is 860plusmn279 267 (32 accuracy) and does
not conflict with the expectation Zero geo-neutrinos are excluded at 34σ(9993) From the
estimated geo-neutrino flux and the model the upper limits of radiogenic heat from U and Th and
their mass in the mantle are 30 TW and 59x1017 kg at 90 CL This result excludes the
fully-radiogenic models of 37 TW and 44 TW at 976 and 996 CL respectively
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 69
Po-15
Pressure dependence of B-T phase diagram in
heavy-fermion superconductor CeRhSi3
Tetsuya Sugawara(D2) Noriaki Kimura(Assis Prof) and Haruyoshi Aoki(Prof)
Department of Physics Tohoku University
CeRhSi3 is a noncentrosymmetric heavy-fermion pressure-induced superconductor discovered in 2005 by N
Kimura et al [1] Its crystal structure lacks an inversion center which is characteristic of this compound as shown
in the inset of Fig 1 The superconductivity emerges above 02GPa although the antiferromagnetic order persists
up to 24GPa Therefore CeRhSi3 can provide two fascinating aspects of the superconductivity namely
noncentrosymmetric and heavy-fermion superconductivity
We reported the temperature dependence of the upper-critical-field Bc2(T) along the tetragonal c-axis of CeRhSi3
and the existence of a bend on the Bc2(T)-curve at the last forum To elucidate the nature of the bend we have
performed the precise measurement of the electrical resistivity at several pressures Figure 2 shows the resultant
Bc2(T)-curves of CeRhSi3 We found the bend appears at 24GPa at which the antiferromagnetic ordering
disappers at zero field This fact suggests that the bend is associated with the magnetism
At the forum we will also report the pressure dependence of other superconducting parameters and discuss the
nature of the bend
Reference
[1]N Kimura et al Phys Rev Lett 95 (2005) 247004
Fig 1 Crystal structure and T-P phase diagram
of CeRhSi3
Fig 2 Pressure dependence of the Bc2(T)-curve
of CeRhSi3
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
70 |
Po-16
Neutral meson photoproduction with electromagnetic calorimeter
complex FOREST
Koutaku Suzuki
Physics D3 Tohoku University
We have been studying hadron properties via the π0 and η photoproduction reactions at Research Center for
Electron Photon Science Tohoku University Recently we observed a narrow baryon resonance at Eγ ~ 1020
MeV in the γ d rarr η n p reaction The resonance seems to show up in the γ n rarr η n reaction since no signal has
been observed so far in the γ p rarr η p reaction at the same energy region
To investigate the resonance in more detail we developed a large solid angle electro-magnetic calorimeter
system FOREST It consists of three types of electromagnetic calorimeters and three plastic scintillator hodoscopes
One calorimeter located in a forward angular region is made up with 192 pure CsI crystals the second one covering
the polar angle from 30degto 100degcomprises 252 lead scintillating fiber blocks and the remaining calorimeter are
built with 36 lead glass Cherenkov counters The energy resolutions of pure CsI crystals lead scintillating fiber
blocks and lead glass Cherenkov counters are 21 72 and 49 respectively for 10 GeV electrons The
plastic scintillator hodoscopes are placed in front of these calorimeters to distinguish a particle being charged or
neutral FOREST covers the solid angle of about 90 in total
Experiments for π0 and η photoproduction reactions have been performed with FOREST The current status and
analysis of the experiments will be introduced
Po-17
Micro-photoluminescence around spin phase transition of ν=23
fractional quantum Hall regime
J HayakawaAK Muraki
BG YusaA
ADepartment of Physics Tohoku University
BNTT Basic Research Laboratories NTT Corporation
We have been interested in Landau level filling factor ν=23 fractional quantum Hall(FQH) regime because of
their interesting feature The spin degrees of freedom of electrons play an important role in this system That is
because the competition between Coulomb energy and Zeeman energy defines the ground state There are two
possible ground states unpolarized and fully polarized states A spin phase transition between these two states
occurs therefore domain formation with two polarizations is expected at certain magnetic field and carrier density
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 71
But actual size and shape of domains have not observed Moreover the dynamics of domains related to electric
current or nuclear spin polarization has been unveiled yet In contrast with standard transport measurement optical
measurement can reveal local configurations of electron spin Therefore we aim for direct observation of spin
domains at ν=23 by optical techniques
In our previous work we have measured circularly polarized photoluminescence from semiconductor quantum
well in the FQH regime at ν=23 We have found the peak intensity of singlet charged exciton tends to increase up
to transition point and it tends to decrease beyond this point by decreasing electron density On the other hand the
peak intensity of triplet charged exciton tends to monotonically increase by decreasing electron density Thus the
peak intensity of charged excitons can be used as a probe to detect local spin polarization
In order to acquire the image of spin domains we developed a scanning optical microscope in a dilution
refrigerator We illuminate samples with a laser through a square core multimode fiber to obtain a uniform electron
density over the sample Photoluminescence is collected by two polarization-maintaining fibers through circular
polarizer consisted of a quarter waveplate and a polarization beam splitter In this arrangement the core of the fiber
functions as a pinhole The sample is scanned by piezo-stage This experimental set-up will enable us to directly
observe the spin domains with micron order spatial resolution
Po-18
Ionic conductivity of Trehalose-Water-Lithium iodide mixture in glass
and supercooled liquid state
Reiji Takekawa
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Compound in the glassy state a certain kind of systems have ionic conductivity and the other donrsquot have ionic
conductivity in glassy ionic compound The former is decouple to glass framework and ion and latter is couple
That is beneficial to studying characteristic of glass transition in both system for principle and search higher
conductivity electrolyte Usually ldquocouplingrdquo sample and ldquodecouplingrdquo sample is another composed system Thus
that shouldnrsquot be studied details how to change between coupling glass to decoupling glass In this work search
systems which change coupling glass to decoupling glass with the different molar ration
In the previous study LiI-6H2O is good glass former and glass transition temperature Tg is -130 Glass
framework is hydrogen band network and lithium ion that coupled strongly To change decouple system I add
disaccharide Trehalose In general sugar group can make good stable glass Stabling glassy state and upper Tg
super cooled liquid state is important to some measuring in this case Thus I measured three component
trehalose-H2O-LiI systems In this system there is wide glass transition compound region
Result of Tg measurement by DSC Tg become higher increase with trehalose ratio Tg is 20 which ratio is
58 328 614 (trehalose-H2O-LiI molar ratio) I Compare conductivity at the glass transition temperature that
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
72 |
with LiI-6H2O (143 857) samples former is 5 order higher than latter The large increase suggest mobility
increase and changing coupling to decoupling system Consequently trehalose-H2O-LiI system is suitable to study
detail of coupling glass and decoupling glass
Po-19
Progress of the new DAQ system for wide-band solar neutrino
observation with KamLAND
Takemoto Yasuhiro
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Precise measurement of fluxes of solar neutrinos could examine validity of Standard Solar Model With
KamLAND previous efforts on solar neutrino observation focused on individual kind of those eg 8B
7Be
neutrinos Observation of those neutrinos was enabled by ultra-pure liquid scintillator which was even more
purified in these several years
However there still exist two major sources of backgrounds which are difficult to remove with current
electronics One source is a long-lived isotope eg 11
C 10
C which is produced in cosmic muon induced spallation
A huge muon is followed by high-rate events (up to several hundred events within one millisecond) including
neutrons which are byproducts of spallation isotopes Since decay of a spallation isotope comes too late to be told
as it detection of the neutrons which have space correlation with the isotope is necessary for identifying the
isotope and to extract neutrino signals from backgrounds Dead time of current DAQ electronics makes it difficult
to detect all of these neutrons which prevents us from salvaging neutrino events The other source of backgrounds
is residual radioactive impurity A part of decays of 85
Kr one of radioactive impurities is observed as two signals
but the first signal is too small to be triggered
My colleagues and I have been developed new electronics which consist of DAQ electronics which are free
from dead time within such event rate and intelligent trigger electronics which utilize the huge buffers inside the
DAQ electronics
At the present moment production assessment and installation of the electronics have accomplished And I
report here recent progress including installation in-situ tuning of on-board signal processing logic and of DAQ
software and future prospects of this project
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 73
Po-20
Double Chooz PMT preparation
TABATA Hiroshi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Double Chooz experiment is a reactor neutrino experiment searching for last undefined neutrino mixing angle
θ13
The most stringent constraint on the third mixing angle comes from the CHOOZ reactor neutrino experiment as
sin2(2θ13)lt02 Double Chooz will explore the range of sin
2(2θ13) with a sensitivity down to 003-002 within three
years of data taking The improvement of the CHOOZ result requires an increase in the statistics a reduction of the
systematic error below one percent and a careful control of the backgrounds Therefore Double Chooz will use
two identical detectors one at 400 m (near detector ) and another at 105 km from the Chooz nuclear cores
The plan is to start operation in middle of 2010 with the far detector
Main responsibility of Japanese group is photomultiplier tube (PMT) system Double Chooz uses 390 PMTs for
each detector We developed and purchased PMTs After some testing we finished 390 PMTs installation of far
detector in December 2009 This poster shows a state of PMT preparation
Po-21
Effects of lanthanoid ion on phosphate head groups in DMPC
membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures
Kouya Tamatsukuri1 (D3) Tetsuhiko Ohba
1 Gen Sazaki
2 Kazuo Ohki
1
1Department of Physics Tohoku University Sendai Japan
2Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Sendai Japan
Based on many solid-state NMR studies it is generally supposed that phospholipids become orientated in an
applied static magnetic field due to the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility which arises mainly from their
fatty acyl chains For phospholipids is generally negative and its exact value depends on the molecular structure
so lipids tend to orient perpendicular to the field 12-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and
12-dihexanoyl-sn-glycero-3- phosphatidylcholine (DHPC) mixtures are generally assumed to consist of disklike
micelles often called bicelles which align in magnetic fields with the bilayer normal perpendicular to the fields
direction due to negative of lipids However in addition of some trivalent lanthanoid ions such as Eu3+
Er3+
Yb3+
and Tm3+
which have a positive magnetic anisotropy it was reported to orient bicelles such that their normal
is parallel to the fields by NMR measurements On the other hands it was reported that cations including
lanthanoid ions induce the conformation change of the polar head group of lipids too So we investigated the
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
74 |
effects of lanthanoids ion Eu3+
on phosphate head groups of DMPC membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures in the
absence of magnetic fields by fluorescence spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry and compared with
the results of NMR measurements
Po-22
Status of double beta decay experiment with KamLAND
Azusa Terashima
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Neutrinoless double beta decay predicted by Furry in 1938 and described by the process A(Z) -gt A(Z+2) + 2e- is
extremely rare process yet observed in nature This remarkable decay that violates the lepton number conservation
demands two characteristic neutrino properties One is that neutrinos have non-zero mass and another one is they
are Majorana particles
Although rare decay rate (half-life gt 1020
yr) make experiment difficult which requires very low background and
large volume this decay is very interested in since it will tell us the nature of neutrinos (DiracMajorana) its
effective mass via its half-life and neutrino mass hierarchy
The Kamioka Liquid scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector (KamLAND) is low energy neutrino detector with 1000
ton s of highly purified liquid scintillator (LS) located on the former Kamiokande experiment site in Japan at a
depth of ~2700 m water equivalent
Utilizing KamLAND clean environment and its large volume of liquid scintillator we will search the
neutrinoless double beta decay with 90 enriched 400kg of 136
Xe nuclei at 1st phase started in 2011
With a little improvement of the detector and Xe loaded into the liquid scintillator KamLAND aims to understand
the nature of neutrinos The status and development of this experiment will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 75
Po-23
Simulations on Dynamics of Wormlike Micellar System
Using Particle-Field Hybrid Models
Masatoshi Toda
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Surfactant molecules eg cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) self-assemble reversibly into long and
flexible micelles in the presence of certain salts eg sodium salicylate (NaSal) [1] Such micelles are generally
called ldquowormlike micellesrdquo or ldquoliving polymersrdquo and known to show pronounced viscoelastic properties due to the
relaxation of intermicellar entanglements For example in the linear viscoelastic regime they can show the
exponential relaxation characterized by the single relaxation time [2] This behavior is very different from that of
entangled polymeric systems which have a broad spectrum of the entanglement relaxation modes In a steady shear
flow (nonlinear regime) they can also show shear-induced phase separations called ldquoshear bandingrdquo [3] The
detailed molecular origins of these interesting rheological properties have not yet been understood
In order to investigate rheological properties of wormlike micellar systems we propose particle-field hybrid
models which treat wormlike micellar chains as discrete particles and a solvent part as a continuous field The
method will enable us to simulate large-scale systems more efficiently than conventional particle-based methods
eg Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) [4]
We will report details of our models and several results by computer simulations on the models
References
[1] I W Hamley Introduction to Soft Matter (Wiley 2007)
[2] T Shikata H Hirata T Kotaka Langmuir 3 1081 (1987) 4 354 (1988) 5 398 (1989)
[3] M E Cates S M Fielding Adv Phys 55 799 (2006)
[4] P J Hoogerbrugge J M V A Koelman Europhys Lett 19 155 (1992)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
76 |
Po-24
Magneto-dielectric phenomena in charge ordered system
with frustrated geometrical lattice
Makoto Naka (D2) Sumio Ishihara
Physics Tohoku University
Electronic ferroelectricity is known as phenomenon where electric polarization is attributed to the charge order
without inversion symmetry This is seen in some transition metal oxides eg RFe2O4 (R is a rare earth ion) and
charge-transfer organic salts In LuFe2O4 magneto-dielectric phenomena such as increasing of electric polarization
around magnetic ordering temperature observed and are investigated experimentally and theoretically [1] Quasi
2- -(ET)2Cu2(CN)3 -ET salts of which two ET molecules construct a
dimerized pair and are located on a triangular lattice These compounds are known as a so-called dimer-Mott
insulator because one hole exists in each dimer Because of nearly isotropic triangular lattice and the geometrical
frustration novel spin liquid state is expected to appear Recently it is reported that the increase of dielectric
constant is experimentally observed below 60K This indicates the presence of ferro (or anti-ferro) electric
transition The electric polarization is thought to be generated by a localized hole in one side of ET molecules in
dimers [2]
We present a theory of magneto-dielectric phenomena in electronic ferroelectricity in RFe2O4 -ET salt
-ET salts we treat an electric dipole as a pseudo spin and derive the effective model
Hamiltonian where the inter-dimer transfer integrals and the Coulomb interactions are introduced in a triangular
lattice We analyze this model by utilizing the mean-field approximation and the classical Monte-Carlo simulation
We found that the magnetodielectric phenomena originate from spin-charge coupling and geometrical frustration
We also suggest that charge degree of freedom controls the magnetic ordered and disordered states
References
[1] M Naka A Nagano and S Ishihara Phys Rev B 77 224441 (2008)
[2] T Sasaki et al (unpublished)
[3] M Naka and S Ishihara (in preparation)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 77
Po-25
Pi-mesonic decays of Λ hypernuclei
Yoji Nakagawa
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
78 |
Po-26
Axionic Mirage Mediation
Shuntaro Nakamura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Although the mirage mediation is one of the most plausible mediation mechanisms of supersymmetry
breaking it suffers from two crucial problems One is the muB mu-problem and the second is the cosmological
one The former stems from the fact that the B parameter tends to be comparable with the gravitino mass which is
two order of magnitude larger than the other soft masses The latter problem is caused by the decay of the modulus
whose branching ratio into the gravitino pair is sizable In this talk we propose a model of mirage mediation in
which Peccei-Quinn symmetry is incorporated
In this axionic mirage mediation it is shown that the Peccei-Quinn symmetry breaking scale is dynamically
determined around 10^10 GeV to 10^12 GeV due to the supersymmetry breaking effects and the
mu-problem can be solved naturally Furthermore in our model the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) is the
axino that is the superpartner of the axion The overabundance of the LSPs due to decays of modulusgravitino
which is the most serious cosmological difficulty in the mirage mediation can be avoided if the axino is
sufficiently light The next-LSPs (NLSPs) produced by the gravitino eventually decay into the axino LSPs yielding
the dominant component of the axinos remaining today It is shown that the axino with the mass of O(100) MeV is
naturally realized which can constitute the dark matter of the Universe with the free-streaming length of the order
of 01 Mpc The saxion the real scalar component of the axion supermultiplet can also be cosmologically harmless
due to the dilution of the modulus decay The lifetime of NLSP is relatively long but much shorter than 1 sec
when the big-bang nucleosynthesis commences The decay of NLSP would provide intriguing collider signatures
Po-27
The Study of the Origin of Lyman alpha Emitters
with Large Equivalent Widths
Yuki Nakamura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Through the last decade searches for high-redshift Lyman alpha emitters (LAE) by narrow-band imaging have
been conducted extensively In these surveys the LAEs with very large equivalent width (EW) are studied with
much interest (egMalhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Fujita et al 2003 Hu et al 2004 Dawson et al 2004 Saito et al
2006 Shimasaku et al 2006 Gronwall et al 2007 Ouchi et al 2008 Nilsson et al 2009) as they may be related
with extremely young or metal-poor stars or any other signatures of he very early phase of galaxy formation
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 79
(Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Schaerer 2003) Among the LAEs identified by spectroscopic observation 10-40 have
the large rest-frame equivalent width EW0≦240Å at z=31 (Ouchi et al 2008)
What are the origins of these large EW objects More than a few ideas have been discussed such as
photoionization by extremely hot stars cooling radiation from gravitationally heated gas in the collapsed halos
(Steidel et al 2000 Haiman et al 2000 Fardal et al 2001 Yang et al 2006) or shock heating by starburst-driven
galactic wind (Taniguchi amp Shioya 2000 Taniguchi et al 2001 Ohyama et al 2003 Wilman et al 2005) The
effects of HI scattering and dust absorption should also be considered properly in the models
For the case of photoionization by massive stars it is difficult to reproduce Lyman alpha emission larger than
EW0≦240Å by the simple models with constant continuous star-formation rate at the equilibrium phase when the
numbers of ionizing photons become constantly (Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002) Models with top heavy initial mass
function or very metal-poor stars can reproduce EW larger than ~300Å if the age of star formation is younger than
a fewtimes106 yr With the solar metallicity models with Salpeter IMF are difficult to reproduce such large EW even
much younger age less than 1 Myr (Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Scaerar 2003) In the most extreme case very high
EW objects (gt500Å) are hard to explain without primordial stars with the metallicity less than 10-5
(eg Malhotra
amp Rhoads 2002 Dijkstra amp Wyithe 2007) It would be even possible to detect signatures of population III (POPIII)
metal-free stars among the extremely large EW LAEs
We present the properties of large EW Lyman-alpha emitters in the high-density region at z=31 in and around
the SSA22 fields (Steidel et al 1998 1999 2000 Hayashino et al 2004 Matsuda et al 2004) We have expanded
the previous narrow-band survey using Sprime-Cam equipped with 82m Subaru Telescope to cover in total of
~14deg2 area (Yamada et al in prep) More than 1400 LAEs down to L~167times10
42 erg s
-1 were detected We focus
on the equivalent width distributions of these LAEs to characterize the high density region of LAEs where galaxy
formation seems to occur preferentially at the epoch
Po-28
Ultrafast broadband THz response of photo-induced metallic state
in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF )2I3
H Nakaya1 Y Takahashi
1 S Iwai
12 K Yamamoto
3 K Yakushi
3 and S Saito
4
1 Department of Physics Tohoku University Sendai 980-8578 Japan
2 JST-CREST Sendai 980-8578 Japan
3 Institute for Molecular Science Okazaki 444-8585 Japan
4 Institute of Information and Communications Technology Kobe 651-2492 Japan
Photo-induced insulator to metal transition in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF)2I3
(BEDT-TTF[bis(ethylenedithio)]tetrathiafulvalene) has been investigated using mid-IR pump-probe [1-3] and
near-IR pump-terahertz(THz) probe spectroscopy [4] However the measurement range of THz spectroscopy was
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
80 |
very narrow (2-11 meV) In this study spectral range was extended to 2-36 meV (05-9 THz)
Figure 1 shows that transient absorption (OD) spectra observed for excitation intensity (089 eV 001 mJcm2)
at 124 K OD spectrum at 08 ps has a broad absorption increase exhibiting generation of the metallic state
Moreover marked change of the phonon structure at 16 meV (arrow) was detected immediately after excitation We
will discuss the low energy carrier and lattice dynamics based on the time evolution of the broad THz spectrum
[1] Iwai et al Phys Rev Lett 98 097402 (2007)
[2] Iwai et al Phys Rev B 77 125131 (2008)
[3] Yamamoto et al J Phys Soc Jpn 77 074709(2008)
[4] Nakaya et alUltrafast Phenomena XVI 173 (2008)
Po-29
Ring-Exchange interaction in Orbital Degenerate System
J Nasu (D2) S Ishihara
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Orbital degree of freedom is one of the recent attractive themes in transition-metal oxides In contrast to the spin
degree of freedom the inter-site interaction between the orbitals is anisotropic in the real space As a result a kind
of frustration termed orbital frustration is brought about A doubly degenerate eg orbital are represented by the
pseudo-spin (PS) operator T and the orbital interaction is described by the nearest neighbor (NN) exchange
interaction between PSs Due to the orbital frustration there is a macroscopic number of degeneracy in the classical
ground state This degeneracy is lifted by the thermal and quantum fluctuations This is known to be the so-called
ldquoorder by fluctuationrdquo mechanism However the NN interaction based on the perturbation with respect to the
electron transfer is not sufficient in the system which is close to the metal-insulator transition
In this study we examine the ring-exchange interaction in the orbital degenerate system with strong electron
correlation First we derive the effective Hamiltonian from the two-orbital Hubbard model by the perturbational
processes up to the order of (tU)4 where t is hopping integral of an electron and U is inter-orbital Coulomb
interaction on the same site This effective Hamiltonian has not only an interaction between NN PSs but also the
ring-exchange interaction It is worth to note this ring-exchange term includes the octupole operator Ty which does
not appear in the conventional effective Hamiltonian for orbital We analyze this model by the classical
Figure 1 Transient absorption (ΔOD)
spectra observed for excitation intensity
001 mJcm2 at 124 K
0 10 20 30
0
05
1
Fig1 Transient absorption (ΔOD) spectra observed for excitation intensity 001 mJcm2 at 124 K The solid and dashed curve indicate 08 and 25 ps after excitation
124 K
08 ps
Photon Energy (meV)
ΔO
D
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 81
Monte-Carlo method and obtain the phase diagram as functions of temperature and tU In small tU region the
antiferro-type quadrupole (AFQ) order is realized by the thermal fluctuation We find that the canted quadrupole
order is stabilized by the ring-exchange interaction The octupole order appears in large tU region Next to clarify
the quantum effect on the ring-exchange interaction we analyze this model by the Bethe approximation the exact
diagonalization method and the spin-wave approximation We reproduce the AFQ order the canted quadrupole
order and the octupole order In the large tU region we find the quantum para-orbital state which is also confirmed
by the spin-wave approximation
This work is financially supported by Tohoku University Global COE program
Po-30
Shape Memory Effect Induced by Magnetic-Field Rotation
in MnV2O4 Spinel Compound
Yoichi Nii
Physics D1 Tohoku University
In transition metal oxides the orbital degree of freedom plays an important role in their physical phenomena
Spinel compounds are one of the typical systems to study the orbital physics in which the orbital state often gives
rise to much more interesting properties through a possible coupling with both lattice and spin degrees of freedom
MnV2O4 is a representative spinel compound where the orbital-spin coupling is predicted to exist in the nearly
triply degenerate t2g orbital at V3+
sites In this compound a structural phase transition from cubic to tetragonal
(agtc) occurs at Ts = 57K accompanying a ferrimagnetic transition [1] Even above Ts the structural phase
transition can also be induced by the application of a magnetic field via the spin-orbit coupling Below Ts the
tetragonal domain can be aligned by a magnetic field [1] In this research the distribution of the cubic and the three
types of tetragonal domains (c[100]cubic [010]cubic [001]cubic) has been controlled by the combination of
magnetic-field sweep and rotation By rotating the magnetic field from [100]c to [010]c below Ts a single
tetragonal-domain state with c[100]cubic successfully switched to another single-domain state with c[010]cubic By
oscillating the magnetic field direction between [100]cubic to [010]cubic the system showed a strain-angle hysteresis
loop In addition a multi-domain state of these two tetragonal domains is also obtained in a tetragonal phase
induced by a magnetic field along [110]cubic at 57K Combining these processes a magnetic-field induced shape
memory effect without temperature variation has been successfully demonstrated
[1] T Suzuki K Katsumura K Taniguchi T Arima and T Katsufuji Phys Rev Lett 98 127203 (2007)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
82 |
Po-31
The ω meson photoproduction on the nucleon in the threshold region
Ryo HASHIMOTO
Physics D3 Tohoku University
The ω meson is one of the vector meson its spin parity is 1―
Studying near-threshold ω- meson
photoproduction is interesting theme to search for new baryon resonance states Recently the CLAS
collaboration reported that a missing baryon state JP = 52
+ contributes to ω- photoproduction around incident
photon energy of 2 GeV Paying attention to other vector meson production near threshold region the anomaly
of the cross section near threshold region is observed for φ-photoproduction by the CLAS collaboration A local
maximum appeared around Eγ = 2 GeV It is interesting that such a local peak is observed or not observed for
ω- photoproduction The detailed cross section data is needed for these investigations Currently there are a few
data of ω-photoproduction cross section We measure it from threshold up to 1145 MeV
We have already done some experiments with 4π EM calorimeter complex FOREST at Gev-γ experimental hall
in Laboratory of Nuclear Science (now Research Center of electron Photon Science) 750 ndash 1150 MeV
bremsstrahlung photon is exposed to a cryogenic liquid H2D2 target We detect 3 photons decayed from ω meson
generated in the reaction of γN rarrωN ω rarr π0γ rarr 3γ and measure their energy and out-going direction for
reconstruct an invariant mass In a π0γ invariant mass distribution we can find an ω meson peak clearly
The invariant mass of π0γ
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 83
P0-32
Prototype fast imaging detector for YN-scattering
Ryotaro Honda
Physics M1Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
84 |
Po-33
Ground state phase diagram of graphene in a high Landau level
A density matrix renormalization group study
Tatsuya Higashi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 85
Po-34
Investigation of the n ( K0) reaction near the threshold
KFutatsukawa for the NKS2 collaboration D3
Department of Physics Tohoku University Japan
Kaon photoproductions play an important role in the investigation of meson-baryon coupling the structure of
hadrons and search for missing resonances The n ( K0 is a unique process and a key for the investigation on
kaon photoproductions The reactions are (1) since no charge is involved in the initial and final state the t-channel
Born term doesnrsquot contribute (2) since it is the mirror channel of p ( K reaction the coupling constant of the 0
exchange in u-channel change its opposite sign
Therefore we have constructed the Neutral Kaon Spectrometer (NKS2) at the Laboratory of Nuclear Science
Tohoku University (LNS-Tohoku) which can provide tagged photons near the threshold of this reaction NKS2
consists of a dipole magnet with 042 Tesla at the center and TOF counters two types of drift chambers The target
is a liquid deuterium for the investigation into the elementary process of the n ( K0 reaction The acceptance of
NKS2 covers the very forward region making it possible to measure much larger kinematical region for K0 and to
provide the angular distribution for the comparison of the theoretical calculations NKS2 has the large acceptance
against not only +
- decay mode from K
0 but also p
- decay mode from It makes possible to measure the K
0
coincidence events Thus we can provide the cross sections of not only the single K0 events but also the K
0
coincidence events
We will present the performance of NKS2 in detail and preliminary results of the K0 coincidence events in this
contribution
Po-35
Traffic flow of two lanes with a bottleneck
Sho Furuhashi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Traffic jam is an important problem because it gives the society heavy economic losses In order to untie it we
have to understand traffic currents on road networks Many people have studied traffic currents on road networks
with models There are many models which represent traffic currents Cellular automaton (CA) model is a simple
model of them On a one dimensional lane a fundamental diagram of this model a relation between traffic flow
and vehicle density shows a similar characteristic of actual observed traffic currents Because of this similarity it is
a simple way to use CA model on road networks But road networks are more complex than one dimensional lanes
We have a question whether CA model is suitable for road networks or not
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
86 |
A road network is drawn by representing an intersection as a node and a road as a link When we think the traffic
currents of road networks intersections have important effects At an intersection cars on a lane block cars on the
other lanes So an intersection is recognized as a bottleneck Road network consists of bottlenecks We have to
research the effects of bottlenecks to understand the traffic currents of road networks
We study a traffic current of a simple bottleneck It is a two-lane circuit a part of which is one lane In this
system cyclic changes of the passing direction are observed Many people have studied this system with CA model
and got some results But they have not compared the traffic current of CA model on this system with an actual
traffic current So we do this comparison and check the utility of this model If this utility is confirmed it is a
proper way to use this model on road networks
Actual traffic currents were recorded at two points a corner of a road surrounding the Sendai Castle and the
Ryuujin Bridge near Kurogami Campus of Kumamoto University with a video camera The number of lanes is
reduced from two to one at these points We compared these records with the current of CA model by using a
distribution and a cycle correlation of the number of passing cars in a cycle of changes of the passing direction
The results are as follows Their distributions are exponential distributions They show no cycle correlation
From these results we can say that they are under Poisson Process and CA model reproduces an actual traffic
current
However a problem is left It is whether we can get same result in larger traffic volume or not To say that CA
model is suitable for the traffic current on road networks we have to confirm that we get same result regardless of
traffic volume This is an issue which remains to be solved
Po-36
Staggered Order with Kondo and Crystalline Field Singlets
in f2 System
Shintaro Hoshino Junya Otsuki and Yoshio Kuramoto
Department of Physics Tohoku University
With two localized f-electrons per site as in the case with Pr and U compounds the ground state of a solid can
be a collection of crystalline electric field (CEF) singlets plus the Fermi sea of conduction electrons If the
f-electrons interact strongly with conduction electrons the ground state can also be a collective Kondo singlet
Competition between these two singlets may give rise to rich physics with exotic ordered phases We propose a
novel staggered order of these two kinds of singlets by using a model with CEF singlet-triplet states and conduction
electrons which are connected together by the Kondo coupling We have performed highly accurate numerical
calculations using the dynamical mean-field theory combined with the continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo
method With one conduction electron per site we have found a metal-insulator transition temperature below which
the staggered singlet order emerges
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 87
The figure shows the local density of states in the ordered phase It shows a peak below the Fermi level at a
sublattice for Kondo singlet and a vacant peak at another sublattice for CEF singlet This indicates that the
conduction electrons gather at the Kondo singlet site in order to screen localized moments These two peaks add up
to a double peaked structure as in Kondo insulators We discuss possible relevance of the results to understanding
actual systems such as PrFe4P12 and URu2Si2
Figure Local density of states at the (a) Kondo singlet site and (b) CEF singlet site The band width of conduction
electrons is given by 2D
Po-37
Proton elastic scattering of 9C at 290 MeV
Yohei Matsuda
Physics Assistant professor Tohoku University
In order to understand nuclear properties it is important to get information on various shapes of unstable nuclei
as density distributions Therefore it has been expected to measure proton elastic scattering on unstable nuclei at
intermediate energies In particular the incident energies around 300 MeVnucleon are the most suitable because
the proton has the longest mean free path in nuclei For several years we have been developing an apparatus that
consists of beam detectors a solid hydrogen target and recoil proton detectors And we performed these
experiments which were the first at the energy region at the HIMAC facility in the NIRS
As for these experiments we focused on isotopes of carbon because the mass number varies widely from 9 to 22
and density distributions are different dramatically Among these 9C has two characteristics because of its small
proton separation energy (13 MeV) and no bound excited state One is a candidate of a proton halo nucleus and the
other is an experimental advantage that it is possible to separate elastic scattering events from inelastic scattering
events by charge identification of scattering particles Then we chose 9C as the first object
The differential cross section for 9C at 290 MeV is obtained in the momentum transfer region of 1 to 2 fm
-1 The
absolute value is determined by measuring proton elastic and inelastic scattering to the first 2+ excited state of
12C
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
88 |
at 410 MeVnucleon Error bars include systematic and statistical errors and the latter mainly contribute to the
uncertainty Compared with 12
C data the angular distribution does not show a clear diffraction minimum
In the present study the angular distribution is compared with microscopic model calculations Optical model
description is performed with the RIA and the G-matrix approximation Description of nuclear structure is done
with the RMF and the AMD The unclear diffraction minimum is comparatively reproduced by the RMF It is
considered that this reproduction is derived from that the tail of the proton distribution grows longer than that of the
AMD result Though more detailed discussion could be done in comparison with more backscattering data a lack
of data and an inaccurateness of nuclear reaction models at the angle make it difficult In future it is desired to
improve these two points
Po-38
High Resolution and High Statistics Λ Hypernuclear Spectroscopy
by the (e ersquoK+) Reaction
Akihiko Matsumura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Λ hypernuclear spectroscopy by the (eersquoK+) reaction is a powerful tool to investigate ΛN interaction because
this reaction excites various states up to deep inside of hypernucleus and sub-MeV resolution can be achieved
thanks to the high quality primary electron beam from CEBAF at Jefferson laboratory (JLab) The second
generation hypernuclear spectroscopy at JLab Hall C E01-011 was successfully performed in the summer of 2005
introducing High resolution Kaon Spectrometer (HKS) and a new configuration for scattered electron spectrometer
These unique techniques significantly improved both energy resolution and hypernuclear tagging efficiency and we
succeeded to study various hypernuclei
12
ΛB precise p-shell hypernuclear structures were measured and the binding energy and cross section were
compared with the shell model calculation with DWIA
28
ΛAl The first hypernuclear spectroscopy beyond the p-shell by the (eersquoK+) reaction was executed and
major shell structures were observed The results were compared with the shell model calculation with DWIA
7ΛHe The first spectroscopic investigation of
7ΛHe which is one of the unique neutron rich hypernuclear by
(eersquoK+) reaction was carried out successfully The result provides new information on ΛΣ coupling and charge
symmetry breaking
with high resolution and sufficient statistics for the first time by this reaction The analysis is now in the final stage
and systematic errors of binding energy and cross section were estimated with a help of the detailed Monte Carlo
simulation The overview and the analysis result of E01-011 experiment will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 89
Po-39
External Gamma-ray Backgrounds of the KamLAND Detector
Yukie Minekawa
Physics D2 Tohoku University
The KamLAND detector is a scintillation detector for neutrino measurement located in the Kamioka mine It
consists of the inner detector with radius of 9 meters and the outer detector The inner detector has 1000 tons liquid
scintillator at the center and it is a detection part of neutrino events
The liquid scintillatior is surrounded by mountain rocks and the KamLAND components such as PMTs EVOH
films Kevlar strings stainless and so on They contain some amount of radioactive impurities Their radiations are
detected by KamLAND and are backgrounds of neutrino events Especially gamma rays are serious since they
travel long distance A lot of them are able to get into the liquid scintillator
It needs to estimate the amounts of these backgrounds and their position dependences in order to distinguish
neutrino events This requires simulations of radiations with the detector geometry considered
For these simulations geant4 a tool for particle simulations is used The radiations are generated from each
surroundings and their energy deposits are constructed as events detected in KamLAND Compared with
KamLAND data the amounts of the backgrounds from surroundings are be able to estimated Their position
dependences enable us to know the effects of them in the fiducial volume
Po-40
Higgs Triplet Model
Yusuke Motoki
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Standard Model (SM) of particle physics is one of the most successful theory Most of the collider
experiment result can be explained in the framework of the SM However in 1998 Super-Kamiokande
experiment discovered that the neutrinos have very small masses In the SM the neutrinos are massless
particles We must consider the new model which the neutrinos have masses In the Higgs Triplet Model (HTM)
which is simplest extension of SM a complex SU(2) triplet scalar field with the hypercharge Y = 2 is added to
SM Lagrangian in order to have the neutrino masses This model generates the Majorana neutrino masses via
the Yukawa couplings of the triplet scalar field Yukawa couplings of triplet scalar field product lepton flavor
violating decays and etc The decays are searched for at the B
factory
A distinctive point in the HTM is that doubly charged Higgs bosons exists The decays of this particles are
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
90 |
particular processes If doubly charged Higgs bosons mass is relatively light it will be produced at the CERN
Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
In this Poster Session Irsquod like to explain the relations between the HTM and collider experiments
Po-41
Electron diffraction study of the low temperature phase of
Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16
Daisuke Morikawa
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Recently the high quality single crystal of Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16 has been successfully made by
high-pressure synthesis and the metal-insulator transition keeping ferromagnetism was formed at 95K [1] This
phenomenon is very rare in the strongly-correlated electron materials The crystal structure of the low temperature
phase and the origin of the metal-insulator phase transition have been unclear yet The purpose of this study is to
examine the phase transition at the nano-scale area of K2Cr8O16 using Convergent-beam electron diffraction
(CBED) and Selected-area electron diffraction (SAED)
Single crystals of K2Cr8O16 were prepared by Mr Hasegawa and Prof Ueda ISSP University of Tokyo using
high-pressure synthesis The electron diffraction experiments were conducted using a JEM-2010FEF transmission
electron microscope equipped with an in-column omega-type energy filter Intensities of electron diffraction were
recorded on imaging plate The accelerating voltage of electron microscope was 100kV The electron diffraction
patterns were obtained at specimen temperature of 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Figure 1 shows energy-filtered CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
In this figure Zeroth order Laue zone (ZOLZ) reflections are shown It is clearly shown that the structure transition
is not occurred at low temperature phase The [001] [111] and [201] incidence SAED patterns were also taken and
shows no structure transition at low temperature
[1] K Hasegawa et al Phys Rev Lett 103 146403 (2009)
Figure 1 The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively Every patterns show m symmetry
and there no difference
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 91
Po-42
Light scattering by collective excitation of phonon
in quantum paraelectrics
Ryuta Takano
Physics D1 Tohoku University
SrTiO3 and KTaO3 are typical perovskite-type oxides The polarization arrangement in these materials is thought
to be disturbed by the zero point vibration though they have a ferroelectric phonon mode that softens at the Γ point
As a result they do not undergo a ferroelectric phase transition so these materials are often called Quantum
paraelectrics The normal phonon-phonon scattering where the momentum is conserved is thought to become
predominant at the Γ point due to the anharmonic interaction between the long wave-length phonons of the soft
transverse optic and the acoustic modes Gurevich and Tagantsev expected the existence of the second-sound wave
(compression wave of the phonon gas) from the above-mentioned speculation in SrTiO3 and KTaO3 [1] We have
observed a scattered peak that looked like the sound wave (which was called Broad doublet (BD)) at 30K or less in
SrTiO3 and at 20K or less in KTaO3 in our low frequency light scattering experiment [Figure 1] Since the origin of
the BD is still controversial it is important to understand more systematically the collective excitation of phonon
by the analysis on low frequency elementary excitation in quantum paraelectrics Therefore we aimed to
understand the temperature dependence of the relaxation times (τNτR) of the ldquoNormal processrdquo (in which the
momentum is preserved in the phonon-phonon scattering) and the ldquoResistive processrdquo (of considering all scattering
that contributes to dissipative energy transport by phonon and lattice imperfection or impurities) from the spectrum
analysis based on the extended thermodynamics [2]
Figure 2 shows the temperature dependences of τN and τR determined by fitting that uses the extended
thermodynamics The horizontal and vertical axes measure the temperature and the angular frequency respectively
Both axes are logarithmically scaled ω0 denotes the natural frequency of the second-sound wave The conclusion
from the analysis is as the followings
1 A narrow quasi-elastic scattering component in the high temperature region is a light scattering spectrum by
thermal diffusion It has been understood that the frequency of the resistive process falls when lowering the
temperature in SrTiO3 and this thermal diffusion mode (the second-sound wave that over dumped) shifts to the
second-sound wave (propagating mode)
2 It cannot be said that the phonon gas is in the state of the collective excitation in the observation scale of the
actual experiment It should be interpreted that the observed BD for KTaO3 only as the second order Raman
scattering involving pairs of individual phonons
[1] VLGurevich and AKTagantsev Sov Phys JETP 67 206 (1988)
[2] Djou JCasas-Vacuteazquez and GLebon Extended Irreversible thermodynamics (Springer 2001) 3rd ed
Figure The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Every patterns show m symmetry and there no difference
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
92 |
Figure 1 Light scattering spectrum of SrTiO3 and KTaO3 Figure 2 Temperature dependence of τN and τR
Po-43
Formation of the Milky Way Based on the Analysis of Kinematics and
Chemical Abundance of the Outer Halo Stars
Miho Ishigaki
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
How galaxies in the Universe came into existence remains one of the big questions in astronomy It is now
widely recognized that our own Milky Way (MW) Galaxy serves as a unique laboratory to examine mechanisms at
which our Galaxy as well as galaxies in general formed and evolved One important advantage of studying our
Galaxy is that because of its proximity one can measure position velocity and chemical abundance of individual
stars in the solar neighborhood which can be used as a fossil record of the early Galaxy
As an attempt to constrain how our Galaxy formed we study chemical abundance of old stars whose orbits
reach the outer part of the Galactic stellar halo Because of their unusual orbital velocity these outer halo stars are
considered as possible candidates for debris of small galaxies that have been disrupted either partly or totally
during the course of accretion on to the MW in the past In the poster we present the results of our abundance
analysis for the sample of 57 outer halo stars using the data obtained with High-Dispersion Spectrograph mounted
on the Subaru telescope Our detailed abundance results for the key elements including Magnesium Calcium Iron
etc support the hypothesis that the certain fraction of the MW outer stellar halo have built up by accretions of
smaller galaxies as previously suggested from studies based on lower resolution spectral data
Figure The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Every patterns show m symmetry and there no difference
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 93
Po-44
Searching for Luminous Core-Collapsed Supernovae
in a High-z Proto-Cluster
Nana Morimoto
Astronomy D1 Tohoku University
It has been revealed that SSA22 region at redshift z=31 is an extremely high density region of LAEs (LyA
emitters) In addition to this star formation in this region is supposed to be biased to very large mass from the
evidence such as a large number of large LyA EW objects Therefore core-collapsed supernovae (SNe) of massive
stars are expected to occur frequently in this region While SNe has not been detected beyond zgt2 to date it is very
important not only to detect core-collapsed SNe at z=31 but also to obtain any useful information to understand
star formation in early universe So we estimated the expectation of observing core-collapsed SNe in SSA22 region
at z=31 based on our own sample of star-forming galaxies and carried out preliminary observations and data
analysis to search for variable objects to investigate the detectability of core-collapsed SNe at high-z by searching
for variability of LAEs in this region
Po-45
A Study of Light Curves from Rapidly Rotating Neutron Stars
Kazutoshi Numata
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
The launch of the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) brought many discoveries in the physics of neutron
stars Periodic millisecond X-ray oscillations have been detected in 22 accreting neutron stars in low-mass X-ray
binary systems (hereafter we refer to these accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar as AMXPs) Accretion-powered
millisecond oscillations have so far been detected in 10 AMXPs The oscillation can be always detected in 7
AMXPs of 10 AMXPs and 3 others can be detected intermittently
The light curves for X-rays emitted from neutron stars have various information which are the stars radius
mass spin frequency inner structure of the stars circumstellar region observer inclination and so on We mainly
consider AMXPs and compare their properties to light curves calculated by assumed models
AMXPs have several properties The main properties are small amplitudes sinusoidal pulse shapes variable
oscillation amplitudes variable pulse phases The fractional rms amplitudes of the accretion powered oscillation are
about 1-2 in most AMXPs And observed light curves have nearly sinusoidal pulse shapes and the fractional rms
amplitudes of fundamental is usually tenth times larger than first overtone component
Andersson (1998) proposed that r-mode are excited by gravitational wave radiation R-modes are waves
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
94 |
propagated in neutron stars So it is important to think r-mode on surface of the neutron star Therefore we use the
model of R-mode plus hot spot model (RS model) to calculate light curves from the neutron stars This model is a
new model There have been models to assume only r-modes and to assume only hot spots so far but there have
never been models that r-modes and hot spots are assumed simultaneously
The hot spot locate on the surface of the neutron star and dont interact with r-mode thermally This r-mode is
the wave in a rotating and magnetized neutron star (Lee 2009) The neutron star is assumed to be threaded by a
dipole magnetic field which strength B0 at the surface is 1010
G This strength of 1010
G is typically value in
low-mass X-ray binary systems It is calculated in a neutron star model composed of a fluid ocean a solid crust
and a fluid core The fluid core is treated to be non-magnetic to assume that magnetic pressure is much smaller than
the gas pressure there
In addition to fitting to the present observation we researched what light curves can be observed And we also
researched whether we can detect the oscillation due to r-mode if it exist in neutron stars We found that its
detectability is strong enough in present observation accuracy The oscillation have never observed yet But if it is
detected information about neutron stars inner structure will be also derived
Po-46
CMB Bispectrum from the Second-Order Cosmological Perturbations
Daisuke Nitta
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
We calculate the bispectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature anisotropies induced
by the second-order fluctuations in the Boltzmann equation In this poster we consider the terms that are products
of the first-order perturbations and leave intrinsically second-order terms and perturbations in the recombination
history
We show that the bispectrum has the maximum signal in the squeezed triangles similar to the local-type
primordial bispectrum as both types generate non-linearities via products of the first-order terms in position space
However detailed calculations show that their shapes are sufficiently different the cross-correlation coefficient
reaches 05 at the maximum multipole of l_max~ 200 and then weakens to 03 at l_max~ 2000 The
differences in shape arise from (i) the way the acoustic oscillations affect the bispectrum and (ii) the second-order
effects not being scale-invariant This implies that the contamination of the primordial bispectrum due to the
second-order effects (from the products of the first-order terms) is small The expected signal-to-noise ratio of the
products of the first-order terms is ~ 04 at l_max~ 2000 for a full-sky cosmic variance limited experiment
We therefore conclude that the products of the first-order terms may be safely ignored in the analysis of the
future CMB experiments The expected contamination of the local-form f_NL is f^local_NL~ 09 at
l_max~ 200 and f^local_NL~ 05 at l_max~ 2000
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 95
Po-47
General Properties of Non-Radial Pulsations
Aprilia
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
Po-48
A Study on Mathematical Fuzzy Logic
Ahmad Termimi Bin Ab Ghani
Mathematical institute Tohoku University
We study some important properties of mathematical fuzzy logic based on the logical systems BL and BLforall
(basic fuzzy propositional and predicate logic) such as computational complexity of fuzzy propositional calculi We
also discuss arithmetical complexity issues which treat the degrees of undecidability of fuzzy predicate calculi
Finally we investigate some open problems concerning the arithmetical complexity on monadic logic and the
corresponding Σ1-completeness (Π1- completeness)
Reference
[1] Haacutejek P Godo L Esteva F A complete many-valued logic with product conjunction Arch Math Logic 35
(1996) 191-208
[2] Haacutejek P Metamathematics of fuzzy logic Kluwer 1998
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
96 |
[3] Haacutejek P Fuzzy logic and arithmetical hierarchy III Studia logica 68 (2001) 129-142
[4] Haacutejek P Monadic fuzzy predicate logic Studia logica 71 (2002) 165-175
Po-49
Some space-time integrability estimates of the solution for heat
equations in two dimension
Norisuke Ioku Mathematical institute Tohoku University
Po-50
Well-posedness for Navier-Stokes equations in modulation spaces with
negative derivative indices
Tsukasa Iwabuchi
Mathematical institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 97
Po-51
The soul conjecture for Riemannian orbifolds
Naoki Oishi
Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
In 1994 Perelman solved the Cheeger-Gromoll soul conjecture ldquoIf a smooth non-compact complete Riemannian
manifold M of nonnegative curvature has positive curvature at a point then its soul is an one point set
Consequently M is diffeomorphic to a Euclidean spacerdquo But he couldnt generalize the theorem to Alexandrov
spaces We show an analogous result to the theorem for Riemannian orbifolds which belong to Alexandrov spaces
Po-52
A new approach to the existence of harmonic maps
Toshiaki Omori
Mathematical Institute D2 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
98 |
Po-53
Stability of the interface of a Hele-Shaw flow with two injection points
Michiaki Onodera
Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 99
Po-54
THE ISOMORPHISM BETWEEN MOTIVIC COHOMOLOGY AND K-GROUPS FOR EQUI-CHARACTERISTIC REGULAR LOCAL
RINGS
Yuki Kato
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-55
Bifurcations in semilinear elliptic equations on thin domains
Toru Kan
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-56
ON THE CURVATURE OF THE PSEUDO-VOLUME FORM
DEFINING THE CARATH_EODORY MEASURE
HYPERBOLICITY
Shin Kikuta
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
100 |
Po-57
Goumldels Incompleteness Theorem Recursively Axiomatizable Theories
and Medvedev Degrees of Unsolvability
Takayuki Kihara
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 101
Po-58
Hypergeometric series on a p-adic field
Kensaku Kinjo
Mathematical Institute Tohoku Univercity D2
Po-59
On Hasse principle of purely transcendental extension field
in one variable
Makoto Sakagaito
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
The map from the Brauer group of a global field to the product of the Brauer groups of the completions (the
local-global map) is known to be injective This classical result is called the Hasse principle In the case of positive
characteristic global fields are algebraic function fields in one variable over finite fields Related to this classical
result I studied the question of whether the Hasse principle holds in the case where the field is a purely transcendental
extension in one variable of any field Assuming a certain property of the edge map of a certain Leray spectral
sequence I ascertained the result that the local-global map of a purely transcendental extension field restricted to a
certain subgroup is injective In the case where m is a natural number prime to the characteristic of the ground field
the subgroup contains the m-torsion-part of the Brauer group of the purely transcendental extension field In the case
where the ground field is a perfect field the subgroup coincides with the Brauer group of the purely transcendental
extension field
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
102 |
Po-60
Large time behavior of solutions for system
of nonlinear damped wave equations
Hiroshi Takeda Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
We consider the Cauchy problem for a system of semilinear damped wave equations with small initial dataWe
derive the asymptotic profile of the nonlinear system corresponding to the results for the nonlinear single equation
and we obtain the sufficient condition of the growth order on the nonlinear term to ensure the existence of the
solution with the optimal decay Our proof is based on the analysis for the fundamental solutions of the linear
damped wave equation
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 103
Po-61
Non-abelian generalization of Iwasawa theory
Kazuaki Tajima
Mathematical Institute D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
104 |
Po-62
The quadratic subextension of the class field of a real quadratic field
Toshihide Doi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-63
Pattern formation by receptor-based models for regeneration
experiments on Hydra
Madoka Nakayama
Mathematical Institute D2 Tohoku University
Hydra is a small animal living in fresh water which is best known for its ability of regeneration When a hydra is
cut into two pieces two hydras will regenerate There has been several mathematical models proposed to describe
this experiment A classical model proposed by Gierer and Meinhardt in 1972 is based on the idea of diffusion-
driven instability between two chemicals called activator and inhibitor Recently Anna Marciniak proposed new
regeneration models from a more biologically refined viewpoint Her models consist of free and bound receptors
ligands and an enzyme and a head is formed at place of higher bound receptor concentration We discuss stability of
its stationary solutions It turns out that the mechanism producing non-trivial spatial patterns has a similarity with that
of MacWilliams reaction diffusion model
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 105
Po-64
The computational methods of canonical heights on elliptic curve
Tadahisa Nara
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Heights of points is numerical size of the points for certain arithmetic Canonical height is one of heights which
is defined on elliptic curves Studying canonical heights gives us information about structure of Mordell-Weil
groups In general canonical height is defined as a limit and it is not easy to compute it In the poster we introduce
more practical methods for computation by Tate and Silverman which are considered to be suitable for also
uniform estimate For an application of that we consider generators on some families of elliptic curves
Po-65
Spatial branching process in random environment
Nishimori Yasuhito
Mathematical Institute D1 Tohoku University
Po-66
On a periodic decomposition of meromorphic functions
Takanao Negishi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
106 |
Po-67
Difficulties of solving problems
Kojiro Higuchi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 107
Po-68
Undecidability and weak theory of concatenation
Yoshihiro Horihata
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-69
Daviesrsquo Conjecture for Pseudo-Schroumldinger Operators and its
Applications to Penalization Problem
Masakuni Matsuura
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
108 |
Po-70
TORSION POINTS OF ABELIAN VARIETIES WITH VALUES IN
INFINITE EXTENSION FIELDS
Yuken Miyasaka
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 109
Po-71
Maximum principle for a biological model related to the motion of
amoebae
Harunori Monobe Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
110 |
Po-72
Asymptotic behaviour of solutions to the drift-diffusion equation
in the whole spaces
Masakazu Yamamoto
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
We consider the initial value problem for the Nernt-Planck drift-diffusion equation in the whole spaces Our
model is a system of the nonlinear parabolic equation and the Poisson equation The drift-diffusion equation is a
model of the plasma dynamics The solutions of this equation stand for the density of the charges and the electric
potential We study the large-time behavior of the solution to the drift-diffusion equation by deriving the asymptotic
expansion of the solution Especially we discuss the contrast between the odd-dimensional cases and the
even-dimensional cases
Po-73
A study of the idea of systematic knowledge On the relation between
nature and spirit in the organizational view of nature
Fukuko Abe
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In the studies of the humanities and science which have become increasingly technical sophisticated and
interdisciplinary the idea of the assimilation of literature and science attracted growing academic interest in recent
years This idea naturally requires not the aggregate but systematic knowledge accompanied by a philosophy that
addresses the question of what it is that we conceive as knowledge It was the German philosophy as it evolved
during the 18-19th century which based on works on systematic or speculative knowledge attempted to establish
an organizational view of nature becoming known under the notion of natural philosophy Here nature and spirit
which were traditionally conceived as divided notions within the mechanical view on nature were now viewed in a
new light as something unified through life Although modern natural philosophy contains a large number of
difficult questions with regard to its present-day validity this study investigates based on the currents of the
organizational view on nature in contemporary philosophy the relation between nature and spirit in this particular
theoretical notion as well as the systematic knowledge itself which attempts to apprehend such an organizational
whole
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 111
Po-74
Medical technology and surrogate decision-making
Haruka Hikasa
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Consensus-building in science technology generally presumes the autonomous individual With regard to
medical technology it is bioethics which emphasizes the principle of respecting the autonomy of the individual Yet
in the case of some patients only insufficient autonomy is granted or may even be absent Consider for example
newborns suffering a serious illness or patients who are in a persistent vegetative state caused by brain death or
who suffer from dementia or mental illness Thus it appears reasonable to engage in an argumentation in order to
seek specific criteria for surrogate decision-making with regard to such incompetent patients
If a patient is not competent allowing this person to choose or to refuse treatment who should be allowed in what
fashion to make a decision in the interest of this patient In conventional bioethics standards for surrogate
decision-making are often distinguished into substituted judgment (pure autonomy) and decisions judged from what
is conceived to be in the best interest of the patient
It appears to me however that these standards involve ethical problems such as the validity of the precedent
autonomy and evaluation of the potential burden of benefits for the patient In this presentation I wish to discuss
the framework of standards for surrogate decision-making in order to make decisions on behalf of individuals
incompetent to seek decisions on their own
Po-75
Humersquos empiricism and the experimental method of reasoning
Hiromichi Sugawara
Philosophy D1 Tohoku University
David Hume was a Scottish philosopher and historian who lived in the 18th
century Humersquos work is usually
classified as the most significant work in the tradition of empiricism Empiricism is generally defined as the view
according to which knowledge and understanding derives from experience (via the senses) The methodology of
Humersquos inquiry is explicitly described in the subtitle of his famous first work A Treatise of Human Nature Being
an Attempt to Introduce the Experimental Method of Reasoning into Moral Subjects It is said that Humersquos method
of reasoning was influenced by the scientific method applied by Newton articulated in his Philosophiae Naturalis
Principia Mathematica However the influence of Newtonrsquos thought on Hume is not necessarily definite Therefore
it seems to me that Humersquos empiricism remains open to various interpretations Therefore in this presentation I
wish to demonstrate the experimental method of reasoning influenced by Newton and the empirical attitude
initially attempted by Hume
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
112 |
Po-76
Epistemic deference and transmission of knowledge
How should we (non-scientists) acquire warranted beliefs about
scientific propositions
Mariko Nihei
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Suppose I have heard that a quark is a fundamental particle from an expert in particle physics and I believe it is
true even though I do not have direct evidence or a clear notion concerning what a quark is or what counts as a
fundamental particle Then how do I know that a quark is a fundamental particle For non-scientists most of
scientific knowledge would fit this situation But at the same time it is difficult to acquire all relevant evidence
concerning particular situations by ourselves because we do not go through extensive specialized training
Moreover there is too much ldquoscientific knowledgerdquo in the world while at the same time our intellect remains too
limited Thus in this presentation drawing on recent arguments about ldquoepistemic deferencerdquo and transmission of
knowledge between non-scientists and scientists (here esp Hardwig 19851988 Brewer 19982006) I attempt to
demonstrate a possible epistemological scheme for how and when we as non-scientists acquire warranted beliefs
about technical or scientific propositions without possessing evidence for such beliefs by our own ability The
conceptual scheme which I will provide here will be useful for the practice of facilitating scientific communication
Po-77
The Finiteness of Human Beings and the Role of Technology
Ryozo Suzuki
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Human beings lead a life in uneasiness and search for something reliable Where does this feeling derive from
What does ldquoreliablerdquo refer to
In the first place organisms fight and eat each other ldquoLiferdquo (in German Leben) produces the tissues of itself and
survives after these die Human beings live in the same fashion We fight for survival kill other lives and produce
children who live over the death of their parents Parents seek the ldquodurabilityrdquo or ldquochangelessnessrdquo of themselves in
their children Hegel points out that this intuition (in German Anschauung) maintains the elementary reliability and
easiness of everyday life Therefore it seems that in here we find the reason why our deepest interest in science
technology at present concentrates on reproductive technologies
According to thinkers such as Hegel or Gehlen technology guards us against excessive emotions which derive
from ldquoliferdquo The process of life gives birth to us Yet life for itself is relevant to the existence of ldquoIrdquo as an individual
Therefore we as individuals possess a fear of death which characterizes life as a notion of ambiguity It is this
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 113
nature which generates a fundamental uneasiness in us From the point of practical significance technology
encompasses a deep relation with the hope for durability (ldquoeternityrdquo) against lifersquos changeability or ambiguity We
tend to favor artificial things which are stable and continue to exist longer than we do (in this sense Gehlen has
pointed out the reason for why human beings come to depend on petrochemistry) Therefore we may say that we
are more fetishistic than ever
Po-78
What is ethically problematic in Biogenetics
Takuma Obara
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In this presentation I will consider some of the ethical problems in biogenetics that we are confronted with
today
With the scientific breakthroughs achieved in biogenetics it will be possible to manipulate the genome Once
we obtain knowledge then there is no return to innocent ignorance If we know how to improve ourselves why
should we abstain from doing so Frankly speaking there are no reasons why we should do so Yet the point here
is that an attempt to achieve onersquos goal with the help of such technology would result in the contrary We are severe
on the difference between what belongs to a person and what does not while we highly value the former Therefore
external manipulations result in failure to gain estimation from other people
We also estimate onersquos efforts to achieve such goal even if those efforts have not been marked by success On
the contrary if one strengthens his common abilities with external manipulations such as drugs we despise such
person However if one reinforces his effort what should we do It is apparent that this person applies external
manipulations while undergoing severe experiences In other words are we able to draw a line of division between
the internal and the external within an individual Moreover should we evaluate a talent belonging to a person
without any conditionality These this presentation wishes to argue describe the actual problems which we should
consider and develop answers to once biogenetic manipulations are realized
Po-79
The ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude
Tetsurou Yamashita
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
If we conceive scientific activities radically that is in terms of the ontological structure of the human being we
may understand that science is not the primary way of our being but a modification of practical activities in
everydayness Through the ontological change from the practical attitude in which we are concerned with beings
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
114 |
(entities) in a specific context we can shift to a theoretical attitude which enables us to thematize beings clearly
from a free (independent) viewpoint The theoretical attitude is a condition for the possibility of the discovery of
beings Yet its discovery confines itself to a limited discovery for the theoretical attitude articulates various ways
of being folded wholly into the practical attitude in everydayness as the foundation for the discovery therefore it
thematizes beings from a voluntary but single viewpoint (way of being) Based on these circumstances in this
presentation I will sketch the process of the ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude while considering the
ontological significance and limits of this theoretical attitude In doing so this presentation will draw heavily on
Martin Heideggerrsquos ontological insights regarding the human being
Po-80
Risk uncertainty and the precautionary principle
How to deal with scientific uncertainty
Yasuhiko Fujio
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In the age of industrialized societies we are exposed to many risks deriving from the development of science
and technology Therefore we are in need of a risk analysis and management in order to coexist with these
numerous risks Many of these approaches addressing such risks are based on the theory of probability or statistics
yet these approaches are not always helpful
We cannot obtain full knowledge of the events occurring in the future thus we must base our risk analysis and
management on probabilistic or statistical approaches and assess the occurrence of events probabilistically or
statistically However there are some realms of science in which we cannot use such approaches because of a lack
of sufficient scientific knowledge with regard to complex phenomena like global warming Notwithstanding we
must make decisions despite such scientific uncertainty caused by insufficient knowledge of events which might
bring about crucial risks
In order to cope with such uncertainty and evade catastrophic disasters we might have to introduce a
ldquoprecautionary principlerdquo which requires that we should adopt approaches such as regulating or banning the use of
chemical substances or technology to protect the human health and the environment despite the lack of sufficient
scientific certainty
In this presentation I wish to examine the notion of scientific uncertainty with regard to complicated events
and the precautionary principle as a reasonable principle for decision making confronted with such uncertainty
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 115
Po-81
The mechanism of suppressed dynamical friction in a constant density
core of dwarf galaxies
Shigeki Inoue
Astronomy D2 Tohoku University
The dynamical friction problem is a long-standing dilemma In dwarf galaxy dynamical friction is too effective for their
globular clusters (hereafter GCs) to keep their orbital motion Nonetheless these GCs do exist even in current dwarfs However
if dwarf galaxies have a cored dark matter halo which has a constant density region in its center the dynamical friction is
significantly weakened (suppressed dynamical friction) But the mechanism of the suppressed dynamical friction has not been
clarified yet By means of N-body simulation I discuss the mechanism of the suppressed dynamical friction
Memo
Tohoku University Aobayama Campus
Aobayama Cumpus
Graduate School Faculty of Science
6-3 Aoba Aramaki Aoba-ku SENDAI 980-8578
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
2 |
Contents
Organizing committee 3
GCOE program members 4
Symposium location 6
Scientific program 7
Time Table 8
SpeakersTitles 10
Talks 14
Poster presentations 18
Abstracts of Talks 23
Abstracts of Poster Presentations 55
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 3
Organizing committee
Hideo Kozono (Mathematics Tohoku Univ) Chairman
Katsuhiko Sato (Condensed Matter physics Tohoku Univ )
Yousuke Itoh (Astrophysics Tohoku Univ )
Yoshihiro Ueda (Mathematics Tohoku Univ )
Yuichi Nohara (Mathematics Tohoku Univ )
Masaki Asano (Particle Theory Tohoku Univ )
Yoshiyuki Onuki (Particle Experiment Tohoku Univ )
Takeshi Koike (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku Univ )
Hidekatsu Nemura (Nuclear Theory Tohoku Univ )
Jin Sung Park (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku Univ )
Tatsuro Yuge (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku Univ )
Tomohiro Yoshikawa (Astrophysics Tohoku Univ )
Shota Sato (Mathematics Tohoku Univ )
Yohei Matsuda ( Nuclear Experiment Tohoku Univ )
Masafumi Kurachi (Particle Theory Tohoku Univ )
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
4 |
GCOE program members
Name Affiliated Department Position TitleSpecialized field
Representative
Akihisa Inoue President of Tohoku University
Program Leader
Kunio Inoue Graduate School of Science ProfessorNeutrino Experiment
Program Members
Ken-ichi Hikasa Graduate School of Science ProfessorParticle Theory
Osamu Hashimoto Graduate School of Science ProfessorNuclear Experiment
Yoshio Kuramoto Graduate School of Science ProfessorCondensed Matter Theory
Yoshiro Hirayama Graduate School of Science ProfessorQuantum Semiconductor Physics
Hirokazu Tamura Graduate School of Science ProfessorNuclear Experiment
Masahiro Yamaguchi Graduate School of Science ProfessorParticle Theory
Riichiro Saito Graduate School of Science ProfessorCondensed Matter Theory
Hitoshi Yamamoto Graduate School of Science ProfessorParticle Experiment
Toshihiro Kawakatsu Graduate School of Science ProfessorCondensed Matter Theory
Teruya Ishihara Graduate School of Science ProfessorSolid state Photo physics
Toshio Kobayashi Graduate School of Science ProfessorNuclear Experiment
Hajime Shimizu Laboratory of Nuclear Science ProfessorNuclear Experiment
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 5
Yasuhiro Sakemi Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center ProfessorNuclear Experiment
Taka-hisa Arima Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials
ProfessorCorrelated-electron Solid State Physics
Kazuyoshi Yamada WPI and Department Physics ProfessorCondensed Spin Matter Physics
Takashi Takahashi WPI and Department Physics ProfessorPhotoemission Solid-State Physics
Katsumi Tanigaki WPI and Department Physics ProfessorSolid State Physics on Nano-Network
Solids
Hideo Kozono Graduate School of Science ProfessorMathematical Physics
Motoko Kotani Graduate School of Science ProfessorDifferential Geometry
Reiko Miyaoka Graduate School of Science ProfessorDifferential Geometry
Eiji Yanagida Graduate School of Science ProfessorNonlinear Analysis
Takashi Shioya Graduate School of Science ProfessorRiemannian Geometry
Takayoshi Ogawa Graduate School of Science ProfessorPartial Differential Equations
Toshifumi Futamase Graduate School of Science ProfessorCosmology and General Relativity
Takashi Ichikawa Graduate School of Science ProfessorExtragalactic Astronomy
Toru Yamada Graduate School of Science ProfessorExtragalactic Astronomy
Makoto Hattori Graduate School of Science Associate ProfessorObservational Cosmology
Keiichi Noe Graduate School of Arts and Letters ProfessorScience Philosophy
Kiyotaka Naoe Graduate School of Arts and Letters Associate ProfessorEthics of Science and
Technology
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
6 |
Symposium location
Aobayama Campus of Faculty of Science Tohoku University
Registration Main Lecture Hall (Feb18-19 830-1300)
Plenary Session Main Lecture Hall (Feb18-19 900-1230)
Special Session Lecture Room 203 2F ldquoSogotohrdquo Building (Feb
1600-1710)
Parallel Collaborative Research Sessions Lecture Rooms 203
204 and 205 2F ldquoSogotohrdquo Building (Feb18-19
1350-1820)
Poster Session Entrance Hall (1F2F) of ldquoSogotohrdquo Building (Feb
18 1710-1830)
Banquet Cafeteria (Feb 19 1820-2020)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 7
Scientific program
Invited speakers
Plenary session
Dr Indranil Mazumdar (Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research India)
Prof Philippe Marcq (Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie Curie Institut Curie France)
Prof Young-Woo Son (Condensed Matter Physics Korea Institute for Advanced Study Korea)
Prof Jenann Ismael (Philosophy University of Arizona USA and University of Sydney Australia)
Prof Ryushi Goto (Mathematics Osaka University Japan)
DrJean Coupon (Astrophysics Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France)
Special session
Prof Jie Meng (Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
Prof Huaizhe Xu (Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University China)
Parallel session
Assistant Prof Hojun Im (Condensed Matter Physics Hirosaki University)
MS Masahiro Futaki (Mathematics The University of Tokyo)
Dr Masahiko Igashira (Philosophy Osaka University)
httpwwwsciencewebtohokuacjpspecialgcoeis2010
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
8 |
Time Table
February 18 Thursday February 19 Friday
900
~
930
ldquoOpeningrdquo Kunio INOUE (Project Leader)
Plenary Session Main Lecture Hall
930
~
1020
Indranil MAZUMDAR
(Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental
Research India)
930
~
1020
Jenann ISMAEL
(Philosophy Univ of Arisona USA and Univ of
Sydney Australia)
1030
~
1120
Philippe MARCQ
(Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie
Curie Institut Curie France)
1030
~
1120
Ryushi GOTO
(Mathematics Osaka University Japan)
1130
~
1220
Young-Woo SON
(Condensed Matter Physics KIAS Korea) 1130
~
1220
Jean COUPON
(Astrophysics Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris
France)
1230
~
1350
Lunch
1230
~
1350
Lunch
Parallel Session Lecture rooms 203 204 and 205
Room 205 204 203 Room 205 204 203
1350
~
1420
Masaki
Asano
(Particle
Theory)
Yoshihiro
Ueda
(Mathematics)
Jinsung Park
(Condensed
Matter
Physics )
1350
~
1420
Yoshiyuki
Onuki
(Particle
Experiment)
Masahiro
Futaki
(Mathematics
University of
Tokyo)
Ken-Ichiro
Imura
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
1430
~
1500
Kazunori
Kohri
(Particle
Theory)
Yuichi
Nohara
(Mathematics)
Tatsuro
Yuge
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
1430
~
1500
Takeshi Koike
(Nuclear
Experiment)
Tatsuki
Kawakami
(Mathematics)
Katsuhiko
Sato
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
1510
~
1540
Masafumi
Kurachi
(Particle
Theory)
Shota Sato
(Mathematics)
Hidekatsu
Nemura
(Nuclear
Theory)
1510
~
1540
Masatoshi
Itoh
(Nuclear
Experiment)
Masahiko
Igashira
(Philosophy
Osaka
University)
Hojun Im
(Condensed
Matter
Physics
Hirosaki
Univiersity)
1540
~
1600
Coffee Break
1540
~
1610
Coffee Break
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 9
Special Session Room 203
1610
~
1640
Yousuke Itoh
(Astronomy)
Masaru
Yonehara
(Philosophy)
Seigo Souma
(Condensed
Matter
Physics) 1600
~
1630
Jie Meng
(Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
1635
~
1705
Huaizhe Xu
(Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University
China)
1650
~
1720
Tomohiro
Yoshikawa
(Astronomy)
Shun Sato
(Philosophy)
Ryo Nouchi
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
Poster Session Entrance hall Collaborative Research Session
1710
~
1830
Research Assistants present their research
(Posters will be exhibited until 1330 of
February 19 Fri)
1730
~
1800
Takatsugu
Ishikawa
(Physics)
Katsuhiko
Sato
(Physics)
Yousuke
Itoh
(Astronomy)
Yuri Shimizu
(Physics)
Keita
Yokoyama
(Mathematics)
Yosuke
Takubo
(Physics)
Sumio
Yamada
(Mathematics)
1820
~
2000
Banquet
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
10 |
SpeakersTitles
February 18 Thursday
0930 - Kunio INOUE (GCOE program leader) ndash ldquoOpening addressrdquo (Main Lecture Hall)
Plenary Session
Chairmen H Tamura T Kawakatsu Y Hirayama Main Lecture Hall
0930 -1020 Indranil MAZUMDAR (Chairman H Tamura)
(Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research India)
ldquoHalo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fanordquo
1030 ndash 1120 Philippe MARCQ (Chairman T Kawakatsu)
(Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie Curie Institut Curie France)
ldquoMechanics of Stress Fibersrdquo
1130 ndash 1220 Young-Woo SON (Chairman Y Hirayama)
(Condensed Matter Physics KIAS Korea)
ldquoRelativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters ndash Graphene and othersrdquo
1230 ndash 1350 Lunch
Parallel Session A - Particle Nuclear Astro-physics Group
Chairman K Hikasa Room205
1350 ndash 1420 Masaki ASANO (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoGeneral WIMP search at International Linear Colliderrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Kazunori KOHRI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoPrimordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmologyrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masafumi KURACHI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoHiggsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breakingrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Parallel Session B ndash Condensed Matter Physics Group Nuclear Physics
Chairman R Saito Room203
1350 ndash 1420 Jinsung PARK (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University )
ldquoExciton effect of Raman resonance window of single wall carbon nanotubesrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Tatsuro YUGE (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoProperties of response function of nonequilibrium steady staterdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Hidekatsu NEMURA (Nuclear Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoHyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCDrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Parallel Session C ndash Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Chairman H Kozono Room204
1350 ndash 1420 Yoshihiro UEDA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoApplication of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem for damped wave equation
with non-convexityrdquo
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 11
1430 ndash 1500 Yuichi NOHARA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoToric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systemsrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Shota SATO (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoSingular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of a Semilinear Parabolic Equationrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Special Session
Chairman O Hashimoto Room203
1600 ndash 1630 Jie Meng
(Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
ldquoCovariant density functional theory for Nuclear structure and application in astrophysicsrdquo
1635 ndash 1705 Huaizhe Xu (Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University China)
ldquoControl of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism in ZnO based
DMSrdquo
Poster Session
Entrance hall of ldquoSogotohrdquo
1710 ndash 1830 80 Research assistants present their research
February 19 Friday
Plenary Session
Chairmen K Naoe R Miyaoka T Futamase Main Lecture Hall
0930 -1020 Jenann ISMAEL (Philosophy University of Arizona USA and University of Sydney
Australia) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoA Fresh Direction for Quantum Research What Might Entanglement Be Telling Usrdquo
1030 ndash 1120 Ryushi GOTO (Mathematics Osaka University Japan) (Chairman R Miyaoka)
ldquoCalabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structuresrdquo
1130 ndash 1220 Jean COUPON (Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France)
(Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoProbing the large scale structure in the Universe with CFHTLSrdquo
1230 ndash 1350 Lunch
Parallel Session A ndash Particle Nuclear Astro-physics Group
Chairmen H Tamura T Futamase Room205
1350 ndash 1420 Yoshiyuki ONUKI (Particle Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoMeasurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle angle phi3 at Belle experimentrdquo
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
12 |
1430 ndash 1500 Takeshi KOIKE (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoHypernuclear γ-ray spectroscopy at J-PARCrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masatoshi ITOH (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoSearch for the alpha cluster condensed state in 16
0rdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University) (Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoA dipole anisotropy of galaxy distribution Does the CMB rest frame exist in the local universerdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Tomohiro YOSHIKAWA (Astronomy Tohoku University) (Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoMOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies at the Star-Forming Epoch of the Universerdquo
Parallel Session B ndash Condensed Matter Physics Group
Chairmen Y Kuramoto T Takahashi Room203
1350 ndash 1420 Ken-Ichiro IMURA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoFrom graphene to Z2 topological insulatorrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Katsuhiko SATO (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoShear-induced phase separation of complex fluidsrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Hojun IM (Condensed Matter Physics Hirosaki University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoCe 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum critical point
a resonant angle-resolved photoemission studyrdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Seigo SOUMA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Takahashi)
ldquoSpin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of Rashba effect on semi-metal surfacerdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Ryo NOUCHI (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Takahashi)
ldquoMetal-contact effect on graphenerdquo
Parallel Session C ndash Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Chairmen T Shioya K Naoe Room204
1350 ndash 1420 Masahiro FUTAKI (Mathematics The University of Tokyo) (Chairman T Shioya)
ldquoAround Homological Mirror Symmetryrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Tatsuki KAWAKAMI (Mathematics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Shioya)
ldquoOn the heat equation in a half space with a nonlinear boundary conditionrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masahiko IGASHIRA (Philosophy Osaka University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoAn Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mindrdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Masaru YONEHARA (Philosophy Tohoku University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoUtilitarianism and Rawlsrdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Shun SATO (Philosophy Tohoku University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoHusserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience in Transcendental Phenomenologyrdquo
Collaborative Research Session A
Chairman K Inoue Room205
1730 ndash 1740 Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoResearch Center for Electron Photon Science (Laboratory of Nuclear Science) Development of an
electro-magnetic calorimter made up of ceramic PrLuAG scintillatorrdquo
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 13
1740 ndash 1750 Yuri SHIMIZU (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoStudy of geo neutrinos with KamLANDrdquo
1750 ndash 1800 Sumio YAMADA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoGeometric Analysis on Einstein Equationrdquo
Collaborative Research Session B
Chairman H Yamamoto Room203
1730 ndash 1740 Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
ldquoStudy of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed matter in gravitational wave
astronomyrdquo
1745 ndash 1755 Yosuke TAKUBO (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoDevelopment of Readout Board for FPCCD Detectorrdquo
Collaborative Research Session C
Chairman T Ogawa Room204
1730 ndash 1840 Katsuhiko SATO (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoTheoretical formulation of morphology dynamics of membranes based on a combination of
mathematical models and differential geometryrdquo
1745 ndash 1755 Keita YOKOYAMA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoThe search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics from the logical and
philosophical point of viewrdquo
1820 ndash 2000 Banquet
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
14 |
Talks
Plenary Session
Talk-1 ldquoHalo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fanordquo
Indranil MAZUMDAR (Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research India)
Talk-2 ldquoMechanics of Stress Fibersrdquo
Philippe MARCQ (Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie Curie Institut Curie France)
Talk-3 ldquoRelativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters ndash Graphene and othersrdquo
Young-Woo SON (Physics KIAS Korea)
Talk-4 ldquoA Fresh Direction for Quantum Research What Might Entanglement Be Telling Usrdquo
Jenann ISMAEL (Philosophy University of Arizona USA and University of Sydney Australia)
Talk-5 ldquoCalabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structuresrdquo
Ryushi GOTO (Mathematics Osaka University Japan)
Talk-6 ldquoProbing the large scale structure in the Universe with CFHTLSrdquo
Jean COUPON (Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France)
Special Session
Talk-7 ldquoCovariant density functional theory for Nuclear structure and application in astrophysicsrdquo
Jie Meng (Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
Talk-8 ldquoControl of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism in ZnO based DMS rdquo
Huaizhe Xu (Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University China)
Parallel Session A ndash ParticleNuclearAstoro- Physics Group
Talk-9 ldquoGeneral WIMP search at International Linear Colliderrdquo
Masaki ASANO (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-10 ldquoPrimordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmologyrdquo
Kazunori KOHRI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 15
Talk-11 ldquoHiggsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breakingrdquo
Masafumi KURACHI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-12 ldquoMeasurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle angle phi3 at Belle
experimentrdquo
Yoshiyuki ONUKI (Particle Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-13 ldquoHypernuclear γ-ray spectroscopy at J-PARCrdquo
Takeshi KOIKE (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-14 ldquoSearch for the alpha cluster condensed state in 16
0rdquo
Masatoshi ITOH (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-15 ldquoA dipole anisotropy of galaxy distribution Does the CMB rest frame exist in the local
universerdquo
Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Talk-16 ldquoMOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies at the Star-Forming Epoch
of the Universerdquo
Tomohiro YOSHIKAWA (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Parallel Session B - Condensed Matter Group Nuclear Physics
Talk-17 ldquo Exciton effect of Raman resonance window of single wall carbon nanotubesrdquo
Jinsung PARK (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-18 ldquoProperties of response function of nonequilibrium steady staterdquo
Tatsuro YUGE (Condensed Matter Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-19 ldquoHyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCDrdquo
Hidekatsu NEMURA (Nuclear Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-20 ldquo From graphene to Z2 topological insulatorrdquo
Ken-Ichiro IMURA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-21 ldquoShear-induced phase separation of complex fluidsrdquo
Katsuhiko SATO (Condensed Matter Theory Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
16 |
Talk-22 ldquoCe 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum critical point
a resonant angle-resolved photoemission studyrdquo
Hojun IM (Condensed Matter Physics Hirosaki University)
Talk-23 ldquoSpin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of Rashba effect on semi-metal surfacerdquo
Seigo SOUMA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-24 ldquoMetal-contact effect on graphenerdquo
Ryo NOUCHI (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Parallel Session C - Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Talk-25 ldquoApplication of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem for damped wave
equation with non-convexityrdquo
Yoshihiro UEDA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-26 ldquoToric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systemsrdquo
Yuichi NOHARA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-27 ldquoSingular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of a Semilinear Parabolic Equationrdquo
Shota SATO (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-28 ldquoAround Homological Mirror Symmetryrdquo
Masahiro FUTAKI (Mathematics the University of Tokyo)
Talk-29 ldquoOn the heat equation in a half space with a nonlinear boundary conditionrdquo
Tatsuki KAWAKAMI (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-30 ldquoAn Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mindrdquo
Masahiko IGASHIRA (Frontier Biosciences Osaka University)
Talk-31 ldquoUtilitarianism and Rawlsrdquo
Masaru YONEHARA (Philosophy Tohoku University)
Talk-32 ldquoHusserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience in Transcendental
Phenomenologyrdquo
Shun SATO (Philosophy Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 17
Parallel Session ndash Collaborative Research
Talk-33 ldquoDevelopment of an electro-magnetic calorimter made up of ceramic PrLuAG scintillatorrdquo
Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-34 ldquoStudy of geo neutrinos with KamLANDrdquo
Yuri SHIMIZU (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-35 ldquoGeometric Analysis on Einstein Equationrdquo
Sumio YAMADA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-36 ldquoStudy of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed matter in gravitational
wave astronomyrdquo
Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Talk-37 ldquoDevelopment of Readout Board for FPCCD Detectorrdquo
Yosuke TAKUBO (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-38 ldquoTheoretical formulation of morphology dynamics of membranes based on a combination of
mathematical models and differential geometryrdquo
Katsuhiko SATO (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-39 ldquoThe search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics from the logical and
philosophical point of viewrdquo
Keita YOKOYAMA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
18 |
Poster presentations PO no Title Name
1 Coherent control of excited states by multipulse photo excitation
Kenta Abe (Physics D2 Tohoku Univ)
2 de Haas ndashvan Alphen effect studies in the Antiferro-Quadrupolar ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3
Toshiyuki Isshiki (Physics D3 Tohoku Univ)
3 Measurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum in the Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHC
Takumi Ito (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
4 In situ NMR imaging of lithium- ion batteries during chargedischarge cycle
Yoshiki Iwai (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
5 Crack propagation in largely deformed rubber sheet
Daiki Endo (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
6 Optical response of photonic crystal with multi-layered structure
Rihei Endo (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
7 Pseudo-spin Kondo effect in a capacitively-coupled parallel double quantum dot
Yuma OKAZAKI (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
8 Spin and charge dynamics in a photo-excited double exchange system
Yu Kanamori (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
9 Observation of 8B Solar Neutrinos with KamLAND
Yoshiaki Kibe (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
10 z~3 LYMAN BREAK GALAXY CLUSTER SURVEY IN SSA22 WITH VIMOS
Katsuki Kousai (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
11 EELS and SXES studies of electronic structures of Al-TM alloys
Shogo Koshiya (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
12 Comparison of membrane physical property changes between DMPC membrane and DMPE membrane induced by melittin
Atsuji Kodama (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
13 Resonant x-ray scattering experiment on Pr(Ru1-xRhx)4P12
Kotaro Saito (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
14 Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
15 Pressure dependence of B-T phase diagram in heavy-fermion superconductor CeRhSi3
Tetsuya Sugawara (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
16 Neutral meson photoproduction with electromagnetic calorimeter complex FOREST
Koutaku Suzuki (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
17 Micro-photoluminescence around spin phase transition of ν=23 fractional quantum Hall regime
Jun-ichiro Hayakawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 19
18 Ionic conductivity of Trehalose-Water-Lithium iodide mixture in glass and supercooled liquid state
Reiji Takekawa (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
19 Progress of the new DAQ system for wide-band solar neutrino observation with KamLAND
Takemoto Yasuhiro (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
20 Double Chooz PMT preparation
TABATA Hiroshi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
21 Effects of lanthanoid ion on phosphate head groups in DMPC membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures
Kouya Tamatsukuri (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
22 Status of double beta decay experiment with KamLAND
Azusa Terashima (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
23 Simulations on Dynamics of Wormlike Micellar System Using Particle-Field Hybrid Models
Masatoshi Toda (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
24 Magneto-dielectric phenomena in charge ordered system with frustrated geometrical lattice
Makoto Naka (PhysicsD2 Tohoku University)
25 Pi-mesonic decays of Λ hypernuclei
Yoji Nakagawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
26 Axionic Mirage Mediation
Shuntaro Nakamura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
27 The Study of the Origin of Lyman alpha Emitters with Large Equivalent Widths
Yuki Nakamura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
28 Ultrafast broadband THz response of photo-induced metallic state in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF )2I3
Hideki Nakaya (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
29 Ring-Exchange interaction in Orbital Degenerate System
Joji Nasu (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
30 Shape Memory Effect Induced by Magnetic-Field Rotation in MnV2O4 Spinel Compound
Yoichi Nii (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
31 The ω meson photoproduction on the nucleon in the threshold region
Ryo HASHIMOTO (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
32 Prototype fast imaging detector for YN-scattering
Ryotaro Honda (Physics M1Tohoku University)
33 Ground state phase diagram of graphene in a high Landau level A density matrix renormalization group study
Tatsuya Higashi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
34 Investigation of the n (K0) reaction near the threshold
KFutatsukawa (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
35 Traffic flow of two lanes with a bottleneck
Sho Furuhashi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
20 |
36 Staggered Order with Kondo and Crystalline Field Singlets in f2 System
Shintaro Hoshino (Physics D1Tohoku University)
37 Proton elastic scattering of 9C at 290 MeV
Yohei Matsuda (Physics Assistant professor Tohoku University)
38 High Resolution and High Statistics Λ Hypernuclear Spectroscopy by the (eersquoK+) Reaction
Akihiko Matsumura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
39 External Gamma-ray Backgrounds of the KamLAND Detector
Yukie Minekawa (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
40 Higgs Triplet Model
Yusuke Motoki (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
41 Electron diffraction study of the low temperature phase of Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16
Daisuke Morikawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
42 Light scattering by collective excitation of phonon in quantum paraelectrics
Ryuta Takano (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
43 Formation of the Milky Way Based on the Analysis of Kinematics and Chemical Abundance of the Outer Halo Stars
Miho Ishigaki (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
44 Searching for Luminous Core-Collapsed Supernovae in a High-z Proto-Cluster
Nana Morimoto (Astronomy D1 Tohoku University)
45 A Study of Light Curves from Rapidly Rotating Neutron Stars
Kazutoshi Numata (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
46 CMB Bispectrum from the Second-Order Cosmological Perturbations
Daisuke Nitta (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
47 General Properties of Non-Radial Pulsations
Aprilia (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
48 A Study on Mathematical Fuzzy Logic
Ahmad Termimi Bin Ab Ghani (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
49 Some space-time integrability estimates of the solution for heat equations in two dimension
Norisuke Ioku ( Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
50 Well-posedness for Navier-Stokes equations in modulation spaces with negative derivative indices
Tsukasa Iwabuchi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
51 The soul conjecture for Riemannian orbifolds
Naoki Oishi ( Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
52 A new approach to the existence of harmonic maps
Toshiaki Omori (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
53 Stability of the interface of a Hele-Shaw flow with two injection points
Michiaki Onodera (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 21
54 THE ISOMORPHISM BETWEEN MOTIVIC COHOMOLOGY ANDK-GROUPS FOR
EQUI-CHARACTERISTIC REGULAR LOCAL RINGS
Yuki Kato (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
55 Bifurcations in semilinear elliptic equations on thin domains
Toru Kan (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
56 ON THE CURVATURE OF THE PSEUDO-VOLUME FORM DEFINING THE CARATH_EODORY
MEASURE HYPERBOLICITY
Shin Kikuta (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
57 Goumldels Incompleteness Theorem Recursively Axiomatizable Theories and Medvedev Degrees of Unsolvability
Takayuki Kihara (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
58 Hypergeometric series on a p-adic field
Kensaku Kinjo (Mathematics D2 Tohoku Univercity)
59 On Hasse principle of purely transcendental extension field in one variable
Makoto Sakagaito (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
60 Large time behavior of solutions for system of nonlinear damped wave equations
Hiroshi Takeda (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
61 Non-abelian generalization of Iwasawa theory
Kazuaki Tajima (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
62 The quadratic subextension of the class field of a real quadratic field
Toshihide Doi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
63 Pattern formation by receptor-based models for regeneration experiments on Hydra
Madoka Nakayama (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
64 The computational methods of canonical heights on elliptic curve
Tadahisa Nara (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
65 Spatial branching process in random environment
Nishimori Yasuhito (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
66 On a periodic decomposition of meromorphic functions
Takanao Negishi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
67 Difficulties of solving problems
Kojiro Higuchi (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
68 Undecidability and weak theory of concatenation
Yoshihiro Horihata (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
69 Daviesrsquo Conjecture for Pseudo-Schroumldinger Operators and its Applications to Penalization Problem
Masakuni Matsuura (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
70 TORSION POINTS OF ABELIAN VARIETIES WITH VALUES IN INFINITE EXTENSION FIELDS
Yuken Miyasaka (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
71 Maximum principle for a biological model related to the motion of amoebae
Harunori Monobe (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
22 |
72 Asymptotic behavior of solutions to the drift-diffusion equation in the whole spaces
Masakazu Yamamoto (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
73 A study of the idea of systematic knowledge
On the relation between nature and spirit in the organizational view of nature
Fukuko Abe (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
74 Medical technology and surrogate decision-making
Haruka Hikasa (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
75 Humersquos empiricism and the experimental method of reasoning
Hiromichi Sugawara (Philosophy D1 Tohoku University)
76 Epistemic deference and transmission of knowledge
How should we (non-scientists) acquire warranted beliefs about scientific propositions
Mariko Nihei (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
77 The Finiteness of Human Beings and the Role of Technology
Ryozo Suzuki (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
78 What is ethically problematic in Biogenetics
Takuma Obara (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
79 The ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude
Tetsurou Yamashita (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
80 Risk uncertainty and the precautionary principle How to deal with scientific uncertainty
Yasuhiko Fujio (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
81 The mechanism of suppressed dynamical friction in a constant density core of dwarf galaxies
Shigeki Inoue (Astronomy D2 Tohoku University)
82
83
84
85
86
87
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 23
Abstracts of Talks
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
24 |
Plenary Session
Talk-1
Halo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fano
Indranil Mazumdar
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai 400 005 India
Abstract
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 25
Talk-02
Mechanics of stress fibers
Abstract
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
26 |
Talk-03
Relativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters - Graphene
and others
Young-Woo Son
Korea Institute for Advanced Study
Abstract
Over the last thirty years researchers from various disciplines have interested in the physical properties of
carbon allotropes Half a decade ago a new carbon crystal called graphene was isolated Graphene a hexagonal
lattice of carbon atoms in the two-dimension is a condensed matter realization of the relativistic two-dimensional
Dirac equation After the successful isolations graphene has shown a cornucopia of interesting new physical
phenomena with an exponentially increasing literature The subtle interplays between electronic magnetic optical
geometrical and chemical properties in graphene have offered knotty riddles in various experiments as well as
various theoretical predictions to be verified Beyond its pure scientific thrusts there have been interests in radical
alternatives made of graphene to the conventional electronic devices In this talk I will discuss my recent works as
well as recent progress made in this exciting and fast moving field
Talk-04
Fresh Directions for Quantum Research
What Might Entanglement Be Telling Us
Jenann Ismael
University of Arizona University of Sydney
Abstract
Following a suggestion of David Bohmrsquos I will explore the possibility that phenomena associated with
entanglement and complementarity in quantum mechanics intimate a fundamentally non-spatiotemporal ordering to
reality
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 27
Talk-05
Calabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structures
Ryushi Goto
Osaka University
Abstract
The problem of constructing complete Ricci-flat Einstein manifolds is important for both Physicists and
geometers When the manifolds are compact and Kahler the problem is completely answered by Calabi and Yau
While it is mysterious and difficult for non-compact Kahler manifolds In this talk I will discuss a construction of
Ricci-flat metrics on a class of non-compact Kahler manifolds whose boundary are the cone of the Einstein-Sasaki
manifolds Einstein-Sasaki manifolds are the odd dimensional Einstein manifolds and recently new examples of
irregulat Einstein-Sasaki manifolds are discovered I will show that all resolution of the cone of Einstein-Sasaki
manifolds admit complete Ricci-flat Kahler metrics in every Kahler class by solving the Monge-Ampere equation
Many examples of Ricci-flat Kahler metrics arise as the resolution of the cone
Talk-06
Probing the Large Scale Structure in the Universe with the CFHTLS
Jean Coupon
Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France Tohoku University
Abstract
This talk focuses on the present and ongoing results of the Canada-France-Hawaii Legacy Survey (CFHTLS)
Recent progresses in observational cosmology have put tight constraints on the Standard Cosmological Model but
Dark Matter and Dark Energy remain the main unsolved questions By measuring the matter power spectrum in the
Universe one is able to study the properties and evolution of the Dark content I will present two complementary
methods among the most powerful ones to explore the large scale structure in the Universe First is the probe of the
total amount of matter through weak gravitational lensing (cosmic shear) and second is the study of galaxy
clustering in the framework of the Dark Matter halo model In addition considering that photometric redshifts are
solely capable to be measured for millions of galaxies I will demonstrate why they are essential to modern
cosmology and how to estimate precise values I will explain why the CFHTLS is best suited for these kinds of
analysis and I will show the most recent results Although cosmic shear probes are a very promising tool I will
explain why it is also challenging In particular I will emphasize some of the problems faced by observers
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
28 |
Special Session
Talk-07
COVARIANT DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY FOR NUCLEAR
STRUCTURE AND APPLICATION IN ASTROPHYSICS
J Meng
School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering Beihang University
Beijing 100191 China
The covariant density functional theory (DFT) with a minimal number of parameters allows a very successful
phenomenological description of ground state properties of nuclei all over the periodic table Recent progresses on
the application of the covariant density functional theory as well as its extensions by the group in Beijing for a
series of interests and hot topics in nuclear astrophysics and nuclear structure are reviewed including the rapid
neutron-capture process ThU chronometer halo and giant halo in density dependent relativistic
Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov and neutron halo in deformed nuclei
Talk-08
Control of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism
in ZnO based DMS
Huaizhe Xu
Department of Physics Beihang University Beijing 100191 P R China
Diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) have attracted growing interest because of their rich physics and
potential for new device applications in the field of spintronics However a basic requirement for practical
applications of ferromagnetic DMS is the achievement of Curie temperatures TC well exceeding room temperature
Based on the mean field theory Dietl et al had predicted that transition-metal doped ZnO might be one of the most
prospective candidates for realizing room-temperature DMS which had stimulated a great of interesting on the
ZnO based DMS However as the evidences for both intrinsic and the extrinsic ferromagnetism of Zn1-xCoxO have
been experimentally observed the origin of the ferromagnetism was in intensive dispute In order to clear the
confusions on the structure and the ferromagnetic origin of Zn1-xCoxO we have systemically investigated the
structure and the ferromagnetism of the Zn1-xCoxO nanocrystals Our experimental results indicate that
bull The Co doping concentration in ZnO nanocrystals is only 5 The Co distribution in the nanocrystals is
inhomogeneous for the self-purification mechanism
bull The ferromagnetism of Zn095Co005O has great variations via different post-annealing treatment (O2 Ar
and H2 respectively)The variations of ferromagnetism owing to increase of Vorsquos and the formation of
Co-H-Co stable structures
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 29
bull P-type doping can improve the magnetic coupling between Co ions which is supported by the BMPs
model
bull The inhomogeneous distribution of TM may be the main reason of the current controversy in experimental
results on many of the highly crystallized DMS It should be seriously taken into account in future DMSs
study
Reference
[1] Jianjun Li Weichang Hao Huaizhe Xu et al Journal of Applied Physics 2009 106 063915
[2] Jianjun Li Weichang Hao Huaizhe Xu et al Journal of Applied Physics 2009 105 053907
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
30 |
Parallel Session A (ParticleAstronomy)
Talk-09
General WIMP search at International Linear Collider
Masaki Asano
Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Existence of dark matter in our universe has already been established by recent cosmological observation such
as the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe experiment The most plausible candidate for dark matter is a
Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) Models of the physics beyond the standard model contain a
candidate for WIMP dark matter other new particles (eg charged heavy particle X^-) and new vertices (eg
(WIMP X^- W^+)) We study the process e^+ e^- X^+ X^- WIMP W+ WIMP W^- in order to distinguish
the dark matter nature in the International Linear Collider (ILC) From the study of this process new particle
masses and parameters can be determined very accurately In particular angular distributions are the powerful
probe to investigate the spin of new particles In this study we consider candidates for WIMPs in the
supersymmetric model the little Higgs model and the inert doublet model We investigate the sensitivity of the
measurements to dark matter nature at the ILC based on a realistic Monte Carlo simulation
Talk-10
Primordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmology
Kazunori Kohri
Physics Assistant Tohoku University
Abstract
When we study phenomena occurred at the beginning of the Universe we have to have a birds-eye nature-view for
the hierarchy of physics and employ all connected fields in physics such as particle physics nuclear physics
general relativity astrophysics and cosmology Thus the GCOE program in Tohoku University should be perfect for
us to accomplish this purpose
So far we have confirmed that the standard big-bang cosmology can describe the Universe correctly as far back as
the cosmic time is one second at which big-bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) starts because theoretical predictions of
light element abundances in BBN completely agree with observations Therefore that epoch is the earliest one
after which we understand the Universe by using theoretical physics
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 31
On the other hand in modern particle physics beyond the standard model variety of new phenomena are predicted
in earlier epochs We can check if those new theories are consistent with observations by comparing light element
abundances predicted in each theory with observational data since these new theories easily affect the light element
abundances Thus BBN can verify those hypothetical theories and probe the earlier Universe
In this talk I would like to discuss recent topics in particle cosmology which relates with verifications of new
theories such as supersymmety (SUSY)
Talk-11
Higgsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breaking
Masafumi Kurachi
Physics Assistant Professor Tohoku University
Abstract
It is known that masses of elementary particles are explained by the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the
electroweak symmetry however the origin of the electroweak symmetry breaking has not been identified so far In
the Standard Model of the elementary particles the spontaneous electroweak symmetry breaking is achieved by
introducing an as yet undiscovered scalar particle (Higgs particle) and letting them have the vacuum expectation
value It is true that the Standard Model with Higgs particle is consistent with numerous numbers of experiments
which have been done so far however Higgs sector of the Standard Model itself has several theoretical problems
One of the most serious problem is the hierarchy problem which originates from the fact that the mass of the scalar
particle is not protected by the symmetry in the Standard Model Because of this many models beyondalternative
to the Standard Model has been proposed In this talk Id like to introduce a Higgsless model as an example of such
models which tries to cure the problem in the Standard Model In the Higgsless model because the Higgs particle is
removed from the Standard Model there is no hierarchy problem from the beginning As a possible new particle
which appears at a TeV scale vector meson is introduced in the model I will explain how to write down the
Lagrangian which describe this situation namely Standard Model - Higgs + vector resonance
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
32 |
Talk-12
Measurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle
angle phi3 at Belle experiment
Yoshiyuki Onuki
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Within the standard model CP violation arises due to a single phase in Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM)
quark mixing matrix Precise measurements of CKM matrix parameters therefore constrain the standard model
and may reveal new source of CP violation Various methods have been proposed to determine the unitarity triangle
angle phi3 of the CKM matrix with B-gtDX decay modes where X represents one or more light mesons In this talk
current experimental status and future prospects of phi3 measurements at Belle experiment will be summarized
Talk-13
Hypernuclear g-ray spectroscopy at J-PARC
Takeshi Koike
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Ordinary matter around us is made of at a subatomic level protons and neutrons However inside of a neutron star
there is a possibility that a matter made of strange particles as well exists These strange particles are called as
hyperons which distinguish themselves from protons and neutrons in having a strange quark or a strange quantum
number A nucleus with a hyperon(s) is then called a hypernucleus Studies of hypernucleus provide us with more
general and unified understanding of nuclear force which is one of the four fundamental forces of nature know to
mankind
Hypernuclei on Earth have artificially been created using particle beams provided by accelerators and been
actively studied experimentally The ongoing experimental efforts have entered a new phase with a commissioning
of an intense proton accelerator J-PARC in Tokai Japan since 2009 One of the main experiments that is planed
and prepared at the J-PARC facility is an ultra precise investigation of structures of various hypenuclei via the
gamma-ray spectroscopy using an array of high purity Germanium detector named as Hyperball-J
In this presentation the present status of Hyperball-J now being constructed will be reported as well as main
physics themes that the experiment strives to reveal
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 33
Talk-14
Search for the alpha condensed state in 16
O
Masatoshi Itoh
Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
34 |
Talk-15
A Dipole Anisotropy of Galaxy Distribution
Does the CMB Rest Frame Exist in the Local Universe
Yousuke Itoh
Astronomy Tohoku University
Abstract
The peculiar motion of the Earth causes a dipole anisotropy modulation in the distant galaxy distribution due to
the aberration effect However the amplitude and angular direction of the effect is not necessarily the same as those
of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) dipole anisotropy due to the growth of cosmic structures In other
words exploring the aberration effect may give us a clue to the horizon-scale physics perhaps related to the cosmic
acceleration In this paper we develop a method to explore the dipole angular modulation from the pixelized galaxy
data on the sky properly taking into account the covariances due to the shot noise and the intrinsic galaxy clustering
contamination as well as the partial sky coverage We applied the method to the galaxy catalogs constructed from
the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 6 data After constructing the four galaxy catalogs that are
different in the ranges of magnitudes and photometric redshifts we found that the two samples of fainter
magnitudes indicate a non-zero dipole anisotropy with amplitudes greater than that of the CMB dipole by a factor
10 and in the angular direction consistent with the CMB direction although the dipole signal is weaker for the other
two samples and is found sensitive to an inclusion of the Southern Galactic Hemisphere region The indicated
bulk-flow amplitude is also not inconsistent with the result implied from a stacked analysis of the kinetic
Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect of X-ray luminous clusters in Kashlinsky et al (20082009) Finally we argue that an
almost full-sky galaxy survey such as LSST may allow for a significant detection of the aberration effect of the
CMB dipole having the precision of constraining the angular direction to ~ 20 degrees in radius
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 35
Talk-16
MOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies
at the Star-Forming Epoch of the Universe
Tomohiro Yoshikawa
Astronomy Tohoku University
Abstract
Recent studies revealed that a significant fraction of stars in the present-day galaxies were formed when the age
of the universe was about a half of the present about a half of the stellar mass in the present universe is formed
during the several Gyrs In order to understand the buildup of stellar mass in galaxies at this epoch it is crucial to
examine the relationship of star formation rate (SFR) to stellar mass However fluxes from distant universe are
redshifted due to the expansion of the universe so that optical fluxes in rest-frame which provide stellar masses
and SFRs of galaxies are redshifted to near-infrared wavelengths
In this talk we present the results of near-infrared multi-object spectroscopic observations for 37 star-forming
galaxies at the high-redshift universe The observations are conducted with Multi-Object InfraRed Camera and
Spectrograph (MOIRCS) on the Subaru Telescope The sample is drawn from the Ks-band (22μm) selected
catalog of the MOIRCS Deep Survey (MODS) in the GOODS-N region To preferentially select actively
star-forming galaxies we put higher priority on the galaxies identified in the publicly available 24μm-source
catalog of the Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer (MIPS)
Hα emission lines were detected from 23 galaxies of which the median redshift is 212 We derived the SFRs
from extinction-corrected Hα luminosities and compared them with stellar masses estimated by SED fitting using
multi-band photometric data covering across UV and near-infrared wavelengths The comparison shows no
correlation between SFR and stellar mass Some galaxies with stellar mass smaller than ~1010
M show SFR
higher than ~100 M yr-1
The specific SFRs (SFR per unit stellar mass SSFRs) of these galaxies are remarkably
high galaxies which have SSFR higher than ~10-8
yr-1
are found in 8 of the present sample The large SFR
implies the possibility that the high SSFR galaxies significantly contribute to the cosmic SFR density of the
universe at z~2 We discuss the star-forming properties of the high SSFR galaxies
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
36 |
Parallel Session B (Condensed MatterNuclear)
Talk-17
Exciton effect of the Raman resonance window of
single wall carbon nanotubes
Jin Sung Park
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
In the Raman excitation profile (RRP) that is Raman intensity as functions of excitation energy an important
parameter for evaluating the population of SWNTs is the Raman resonance window which is defined by an
energy full width at half maximum in the RRP In quantum mechanics is obtained by the uncertainty relation for
the lifetime of the exciton A dominant origin of the lifetime of the exciton in the Raman scattering process is an
inelastic scattering by emitting or absorbing phonons In the previous paper we have calculated the carrier lifetime
by considering electron-phonon interaction and the Fermi golden rule [1] In the case of semicondcuting (S-)
SWNT the calculated values are in a good agreement with the experiment However some deviation between
calculation and experiment appears in a different way for type I and II S-SWNTs in which type I and II S-SWNTs
are defined respectively by [mod(2n+m3)=1] and [mod(2n+m3)=2] for a (nm) SWNT In fact the experimental
values for the type I S-SWNTs are smaller than the calculated ones while those for the type II S-SWNTs are larger
than the calculated one A possible reason for this deviation might come from the exciton effect which we did not
consider in the previous calculation For improving the deviation we calculate the value by considering
exciton-phonon interaction The exciton-phonon matrix element for the electron scattering process can be obtained
by the electron-phonon matrix element weighted by the exciton wave function coefficient [2] which depends on the
chiral angle and diameter In the previous calculation [2] we use a simple tight binding wavefunction for
exciton-phonon interaction but recently the exciton-phonon interaction is calculated by extended tight binding
method We will report the new calculated values and compare with the recent precise measurement by single
nanotube spectroscopy
Reference
1) J S Park et al Phys Rev B 74 165414 (2006)
2) J Jiang et al Phys Rev B 75 035405 (2007)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 37
Talk-18
Properties of response function of nonequilibrium steady state
Tatsuro YUGE
IIAIR Tohoku University
Abstract
Response to an external probe provides various information of a system and is one of the most important
characterizations of it In this talk we consider general properties of linear response functions of nonequilibrium
steady states We derive a microscopic expression of a linear response function for a deterministic model which
covers a wide range of nonequilibrium systems Using the expression we show sum rules and asymptotic behaviors
of it We demonstrate the properties by a molecular dynamics simulation of a numerical model We also discuss the
validity of the properties in a stochastic model
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
38 |
Talk-19
Hyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCD
Hidekatsu Nemura
Department of Physics Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 39
Talk-20
From graphene to Z2 topological insulator
Ken-Ichiro Imura
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
A topological insulator has a remarkable property of being metallic on the surface albeit insulating in the bulk
Recently much focus is on a specific type of topological insulators which is said to be Z2-nontrivial and realized as
a consequence of interplay between spin-orbit coupling and a band structure with effective relativistic dispersion
(electrons satisfy a Dirac equation) Such systems are invariant under time reversal and shows Kramers degeneracy
Graphene is a two-dimensional (2D) implementation of such Dirac electron system which also realizes a
prototype [1] of Z2 topological insulator in the presence of intrinsic and extrinsic (Rashba) spin-orbit interactions
Recently we were able characterize specific localization properties of this system in the presence of weak disorder
and under doping [2] We have shown in particular that localization symmetry class is determined by the parity of
the total number Ns of ldquoactivatedrdquo effective spins in the system Our diagnosis provides a contemporary version of
the weak localization theory
The correspondence between the physics of bulk and of the edge highlights the physics of a topological insulator
[3] To demonstrate we make a close comparison between the continuum Dirac theory and the square lattice
tight-binding model [4] for a Z2-topological insulator in 2D It is naturally shown that not only explicit but also
hidden Dirac cones in the high-energy spectrum contribute to and ensure the integral quantization of spin Hall
conductance The nature of gapless edge modes in the lattice model under different (straight vs zigzag) boundary
conditions is extensively studied We demonstrate that the edge modes of a Z2-topological insulator are susceptible
of various finite size effects in comparison with chiral edge modes of quantum Hall insulator By comparing the
behavior of gapless edge modes in real and momentum spaces we show that localizability of edge mode is
intricately related to level crossings due to projection of 2D bulk spectrum onto the 1D edge
[1] CL Kane and EJ Mele Phys Rev Lett 95 146802 (2005) ibid 226801
[2] K-I Imura Y Kuramoto and K Nomura arXiv09041676 Europhys Lett in press arXiv09075051 Phys
Rev B 80 085119 (2009)
[3] K-I Imura A Yamakage A Hotta and Y Kuramoto in preparation
[4] BA Bernevig TL Hughes and S-C Zhang Science 314 1757 (2006)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
40 |
Talk-21
Shearinduced phase separation of complex fluids
Katsuhiko Sato1)
Xue-Feng Yuan2)
and Toshihiro Kawakatsu1)
1)
Department of Physics Tohoku University Japan 2)
School of Chemical Engineering and
Analytical Science University of Manchester UK
Abstract
It is well known that complex fluids such as wormlike micellar solutions exhibit shear-induced phase separations
called shear banding [1] In such a situation the system spatially separates into two regions having high and
low shear rate values with a common shear stress The phenomenon has fascinated many investigators and has been
aggressively investigated both experimentally and theoretically
One of the most striking features of that phenomenon is that its behaviors are quite similar to those of
thermodynamic phase transitions such as liquid-vapor phase transitions despite that it is a non-equilibrium
phenomenon Examples of the similarities are (i) the appearance of a shear stress plateau in the stress-strain rate
curve (note the similarity with isotherms in the p-V plane in the liquid-vapor transition system) (ii) the
independence of the plateau value on the flow history and (iii) the existence of metastable states Although the
analogy between shear banding and thermodynamic phase transitions have been pointed out by many investigators
almost no solid theoretical explanation for these similarities has been presented up to now
Recently we have succeeded in solving this problem [2] ie we have answered to the question ldquoWhy does shear
banding behave like first order phase transitionsrdquo or ldquoCan we describe shear banding in terms of a potential just
like in the case of thermodynamic phase transitionsrdquo Starting from a mechanical constitutive model describing
shear banding which does not have any explicit thermodynamic potential we derive a quantity corresponding to
thermodynamic potentials by applying a reduction method based on the center manifold theory [3] to the governing
equation of the model The reduction method we have taken there is a general one so we can apply this method to
other constitutive models describing shear banding and there is a possibility that we reach some universality In this
talk we provide a brief review on shear banding and explain the details of our theoretical work
[1] H Rehage H Hoffmann Mol Phys 74 933 (1991)
[2] K Sato X-F Yuan T Kawakatsu Eur Phys J E in press
[3] H Mori Y Kuramoto Dissipative Structures and Chaos (Springer-Verlag Berlin 1998)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 41
Talk-22
Ce 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum
critical point a resonant angle-resolved photoemission study
Hojun IM Department of Advanced Physics Hirosaki Univerisy
Abstract
We report the systematic angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) studies of Ce-based heavy fermion compounds
CeNi1-xCoxGe2 whose ground states are change from antiferromagnetic to non-magnetic heavy fermion via
quantum critical point (QCP) Recently it was clearly observed that the Kondo resonance (KR) peaks (Ce 4f1 state)
are dispersed from above the Fermi-level (EF) and cross EF forming the diamond-shaped Fermi-surface (FS) in
non-magnetic heavy-fermion system CeCoGe08Si12 [1] The systematic Ce 4d-4f resonant ARPES studies of
CeNi1-xCoxGe2 reveal that such momentum-dependence of KR peaks exists across QCP indicating the itinerant
character of f-electrons in agreement with the results of angle-integrated photoelectron spectroscopy [2]
References
[1] H J Im et al Phys Rev Lett 100 176402 (2008)
[2] H J Im et al Phys Rev B 72 220405 (2005)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
42 |
Talk-23
Spin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of
Rashba effect on semi-metal surface
Seigo Souma
WPI-AIMR Tohoku University
Abstract
Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is known as a powerful technique to investigate the fine
electronic structure relevant to the intriguing physical phenomena in solids such as superconductivity heavy
fermions metal-insulator transition and so on This technique yet has suffered from two inherent problems
originating in the principle of PES itself namely (1) the high surface sensitivity and (2) the difficulty in resolving
the spin polarization of electrons To overcome those problems we have constructed an ultrahigh resolution
photoemission spectrometer equipped with a newly developed xenon-plasma discharge lamp and a mini-Mott
detector The xenon-plasma discharge lamp provides several intense resonance lines from xenon plasma in the
energy range of 8-11 eV which is enough to achieve high bulk-sensitivity Combined with a large hemispherical
energy analyzer and a spherical concaved grating we achieved high energy resolution less than 1 meV as a total
system in the spin-integrated mode We also have developed a compact Mott spin detector operating at 25 kV and
adapted it to the large hemispherical electron energy analyzer through an electron deflector lens We have
redesigned the analyzer and mounted the entrance of the deflector lens at a location close to the f40mm
microchannel plate (MCP) This enables the observation of electron energy and momentum by the MCP with
comparable quality to modern electron analyzers simultaneously to the electron spin measurement by the Mott
detector
In this talk we present spin-resolved ARPES experiments on group-V semimetal surfaces By using merit of
the newly developed photoemission spectrometer we clearly observed spin-splitting of energy band caused by
strong spin-orbit interaction enhanced in surface state (surface Rashba effect) which would be an essential
ingredients to design a new functional spintronics devices
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 43
Talk-24
Metal-contact effect on graphene
Ryo Nouchi
WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University
Abstract
Graphene one-atom-thick carbon sheet with a honeycomb structure have been attracting incredible attention for
its unique physical properties [1] This material shows an extraordinary high charge carrier mobility of higher than
200000 cm2 V
-1 s
-1 [2] and is considered to be a major candidate for a future high-speed transistor material In
addition graphene has shown its ability to transport charge carriers with spin conservation even at room
temperature and is regarded as a pivotal material for spintronics applications [3] In order to construct electronic
devices such as field-effect transistors (FETs) metallic materials should make a contact with the graphene layers as
is schematically shown in Fig 1 Resultant graphene-metal contacts are considered to affect device properties in a
similar way that metal-semiconductor interfaces govern the operation of conventional electronic devices through
formation of Schottkyohmic contacts In the case of metal-graphene interfaces carriers are expected to be doped
from the metal [4] and a pinning of the potential of graphene was found to occur at the contacts [5]
In this talk experimental investigations by means of a FET structure are presented Figure 2 displays typical
transfer (drain current versus gate voltage) characteristics of a graphene FET The gate voltage with a minimum
drain current can be indicative of carrier doping from the electrodes The overall shape of the characteristics
enables us to examine the potential pinning effect a simple simulation shows that distorted characteristics observed
with ferromagnetic contacts [6] is attributable to the absence of the potential pinning
[1] A H Castro Neto F Guinea N M R Peres K S Novoselov and A K Geim Rev Mod Phys 81 109
(2009)
[2] K I Bolotin K J Sikes Z Jiang M Klima G Fudenberg J Hone P Kim and H L Stormer Solid State
Comm 146 351 (2008)
[3] M Ohishi M Shiraishi R Nouchi T Nozaki T Shinjo and Y Suzuki Jpn J Appl Phys 46 L605 (2007)
[4] G Giovannetti P A Khomyakov G Brocks V M Karpan J van den Brink and P J Kelly Phys Rev Lett
101 026803 (2008)
[5] E J H Lee K Balasubramanian R T Weitz M Burghard and K Kern Nat nanotechnol 3 486 (2008)
[6] R Nouchi M Shiraishi and Y Suzuki Appl Phys Lett 93 152104 (2008)
Fig1 Schematic diagram of a graphene FET
SiO2
Highly-doped Si
Gate Voltage
Drain current
Drain voltage
A
Graphene
Metal contact
Fig2 Typical transfer characteristics
of a graphene FET
100806040200
Dra
in c
urr
ent (
mA
)
-40 0 40Gate voltage (V)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
44 |
Parallel Session C (MathematicsPhilosophy)
Talk-25
Application of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem
for damped wave equation with non-convexity
Yoshihiro Ueda
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
We consider the initial-boundary value problem for damped wave equations with a nonlinear convection term in
the half line In the case where the flux is convex it is shown that the solution tends to the corresponding stationary
wave In this talk we show that even for a quite wide class of flux functions which are not necessarily convex such
the stationary wave is asymptotically stable The proof is given by a technical $L^2$-weighted energy method and
an anti-derivative method
Talk-26
Toric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systems
Yuichi Nohara
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
A completely integrable system on a symplectic manifold of dimension 2n is a set of n functions which are
functionally independent and Poisson commuting A typical example is a moment map of a torus action on a toric
variety A completely integrable system gives a structure of foliation by Lagrangian submanifolds and this plays
an important role in mirror symmetry which is a duality in string theory (mathematically it is formulated as a duality
between symplectic geometry and complex geometry) For example mirror partners of toric varieties can be
constructed by using the moment maps
The Gelfand-Cetlin system is a completely integrable system on a complex flag manifold It is known that the flag
manifold has a degeneration into a (singular) toric variety We show that the Glefand-Cetlin system can be deformed
into a moment map of a torus action on the toric variety We also discuss some applications This talk is based on a
joint work with T Nishinou and K Ueda
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 45
Talk-27
Singular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of
a Semilinear Parabolic Equation
Shota Sato
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
We study the Cauchy problem for a semilinear parabolic equation Our concern is the existence of a singular
solution whose singularity becomes anomalous in finite time First we study the structure of singular radial
solutions for an equation derived by backward self-similar variables Using this we obtain a singular backward
self-similar solution whose singularity becomes stronger or weaker than that of a singular steady state This talk is a
joint work with E Yanagida
Talk-28
Around Homological Mirror Symmetry
Masahiro Futaki
Mathematics University of Tokyo
Abstract
Homological Mirror Symmetry (HMS for short) is a duality between complex and symplectic geometries
originally found by Maxim Kontsevich in 1994 In this talk we introduce a variant of HMS in the context of mirror
symmetry between Fano variety and Laudau-Ginzburg model and investigate some examples
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
46 |
Talk-29
On the heat equation in a half space with
a nonlinear boundary condition
Tatsuki Kawakami
Mathematics Tohoku University
Talk-30
An Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mind
Masahiko Igashira
Frontier Biosciences Osaka University
Abstract
At Osaka University we attempt to establish an interdisciplinary research area titled Cognitive Neuroscience
Robotics by closely integrating research on robotics cognitive science and neuroscience while aiming at the
creation of a new paradigm for understanding the human being and the realization of new interfaces for relieving
brain overload in the usage of highly-complicated IRT systems
In this program philosophers are engaged in the following two themes Firstly to suggest efficient methods for
creating a new paradigm from the view point of a philosophy of science while at the same time refining existing
theories within philosophy of science by examining whether these theories sufficiently contribute to our
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 47
understanding of the generating processes of new research areas Secondly philosophers approach the question of
whether the robot which can hardly be distinguished from real humans which might be produced in the future of
Cognitive Neuroscience Robotics should be recognized as having a MIND or RIGHTS
In this presentation basic conceptions and activities with regard to the second question will be discussed
Furthermore a method for approaching the complex problem of how to understand the MIND in the physical
world will be developed
Talk-31
Utilitarianism and Rawls
Masaru Yonehara
Philosophy Tohoku University
Abstract
John Rawls one of the most important political philosophers of the 20th century is a critic of utilitarianism In
utilitarianism an action is right if and only if it brings about the greatest balance of happiness over unhappiness for
everyone affected by the action otherwise it is wrong Rawls asserts that if slavery or some other system of
extreme social and economic inequalities can produce a greater balance of happiness over unhappiness than any
alternative utilitarianism condones or even commands these institutions which we normally consider quite unjust
According to Rawls his ldquotwo principles of justicerdquo condemn these unjust institutions However this criticism
against utilitarianism is incorrect And I argue that Rawlsrsquos theory has a fatal flaw his theory cannot provide good
reasons why immoral actions against the disabled are impermissible Hence the purpose of my presentation is to
demonstrate that utilitarianism can provide such reasons
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
48 |
Talk-32
Husserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience
in Transcendental Phenomenology
Shun Sato
Philosophy Tohoku University
Abstract
In this presentation I investigate a possible interpretation of Husserls phenomenological theory of perceptual
experience as a disjunctive one My study consists of four sections In sections 1 and 2 I characterize disjunctivism
as a position representing a resistance against what appears to be historically more or less orthodoxy presenting
what has been described as an argument from hallucination for this traditional view This form of argument seems
to compel us to acknowledge that our experience at large is a common factor to perception and hallucination and
therefore that our experience does not intrinsically reach worldly objects According to disjunctivists this seeming
is not the real They tell us that we have either experience if it is veridical which involves a worldly object or
experience which does not if it is not veridical hence we do not always have an intrinsically falling-short-of-world
experience They argue that we perceive in a veridical case an object which is a constituent of a real world as is
suggested they usually speak in defense of direct realism In section 3 I try to show that Husserls transcendental
idealism is not incompatible with direct realistic theory of perception looking into his conception of perceptual
intentionality evidence (or reason) and reality In the final section I take up an interpretation of Husserls view
about experience as disjunctivism provided by A D Smith to which I add my own view Finally I suggest that
Husserls disjunctivism should better be characterized as a form of epistemological disjunctivism
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 49
Parallel Session - Collaborative Research
Talk-33
Development of an electro-magnetic calorimeter made up of
ceramic PrLuAG scintillator
Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics)
Research Center for Electron and Photon Science (Laboratory of Nuclear Science)
Abstract
Quarks are fundamental building blocks of matter and they unite to configure composite particles called
hadrons Experimentally observed hadrons before 2003 can be understood as a composite of three quarks (baryons)
or that of a quark and an anti-quark (mesons) Study of exotic hadrons which are not classified as baryons or
mesons has been a subject of great interest in nuclear physics after a narrow S=1 baryon resonance (Θ+) was
observed at SPring-8LEPS for the first time The Θ+ can be a member of anti-decuplet penta-quark baryons (four
quarks and an anti-quark) with the lowest mass
After the LEPS experiment both the positive and negative results have been reported by many other facilities
Searching for other members is important to establish the penta-quark picture A narrow bump is observed at our
facility in the excitation function for η photo-production on the neutron near E~1 GeV It would be attributed to a
member of anti-decuplet baryons with hidden strangeness since no signature corresponding to this bump is
observed in η photo-production on the proton To investigate this bump precisely an electro-magnetic (EM)
calorimeter with a large solid angle and with a high energy resolution is required since the η meson is identified by
detecting two photons from its decay
A praseodymium doped lutetium aluminum garnet Lu3Al5O12 (PrLuAG) is an excellent scintillator for EM
calorimeters utilized in nuclear and particle physics It has good characteristics such as good energy resolution fast
response a short radiation length and no hygroscopicity At this moment its large single crystal cannot be
manufactured which may be used as a module for an EM calorimeter Recently a ceramic PrLuAG scintillator has
been developed by Prof Yoshikawa and Prof Yanagita in Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced
Materials Tohoku University The ceramic one is expected to be manufactured in a desired shape and to be much
cheaper than the single crystal In this talk the current status of preparing a ceramic PrLuAG scintillator dedicated
to an EM calorimeter is discussed
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
50 |
Talk-34
Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Abstract
Anti-neutrinos travel from the Earthrsquos interior due to beta decays of mainly three isotopes 238
U 232
Th and 40
K
The study of geo-neutrinos was performed using 207659-day data taken with KamLAND which is the
anti-neutrino detector contained 1000 tons of liquid scintillator (LS) The data includes 58603-day data since the
LS purification was started
The LS purification is distillation and N2 purge for LS and was performed to reduce low energy backgrounds
such as 85
Kr 210
Bi and 210
Po These isotopes were reduced by ~ 185000 ~ 12100 and ~ 116 respectively While
the LS purification reduced backgrounds it caused the decrease of light yield by ~ 20 and following the deviation
of the position and time dependence Energy and its deviation are corrected using calibration and spallation data
before the geo-neutrino analysis
Anti-neutrinos are extracted from data using the likelihood selection based on the probability density function of
anti-neutrinos and accidental backgrounds depending on those rate to use low energy region and outer volume with
many accidental backgrounds
The main backgrounds for geo-neutrinos are reactor neutrinos and 13
C(alpha n)16
O reaction The latter is
reduced by ~ 116 after the LS purification due to the reduction of the main alpha source 210
Po
The expected number of geo-neutrinos is calculated using the reference Earth model based on seismology
petrology and the BSE model It is 976 events The Rate + Shape + Time analysis was performed using these
results The best-fit of geo-neutrinos does not conflict with the expectation The accuracy of measurement was
significantly improved from the last official result Zero geo-neutrinos are excluded at over 3 sigma CL That is
the first evidence of geo-neutrinos The fully-radiogenic models of 44 TW or 31 TW were also restricted for the
first time
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 51
Talk-35
Geometric Analysis on Einstein Equation
Sumio Yamada
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
The Einstein equation states that the spacetime we live in is Ricci-flat (vacuum case) namely it is flat in the
sense that the Ricci curvature tensor of the spacetime as a Lorentzian manifold vanishes If it is simply flat then
the space becomes trivial namely the spacetime is isometric to the Minkowski space The Ricci-flatness on the
other hand allows much freedom in determining the shape of the spacetime The degree of freedom is manifest in
the nonlinearity of the Einstein equation whose structure as a system of fully nonlinear partial differential
equations has discouraged mathematicians and physicists alike for many years
In this talk we will present several aspects of current research which are different approaches to the task of
understanding the Einstein equation The first one is from the viewpoint of three dimensional Riemannian
geometry where the threefold represents the space obtained by fixing ldquotimerdquo in the spacetime The second comes
from analyzing the Einstein equation as an evolution equation of the threefold a sort of deformation theory over
time The third approach is to formulate exact solutions of the Einstein equation which often contains
singularities the ldquoblackholesrdquo
The complete understanding of the Einstein equation still remains elusive those systematic approaches have
proved to be productive in mathematics as well as theoretical physics so that there are many beautiful theories born
out of the investigations
Talk-36
Study of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed
Study matter in gravitational wave astronomy
Yousuke Itoh
Astronomical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
Among the known four forces gravity is the most weak interaction As a result it is expected that gravitational
wave astronomy will enables us to explore the new aspects of the universe which are hidden for electromagnetic and
neutrino astronomers Those include the early universe beyond the redshift ~ 1000 (the last scattering surface of the
cosmic microwave background) and properties of matter inside highly compact stars In this talk I will briefly review
the gravitational wave theory how we detect it the current status of the world-wide efforts for gravitational wave
detection and then talk about our research efforts
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
52 |
Talk-37
Development of Readout Board for FPCCD Detector
Yosuke Takubo
Department of physics Tohoku University
Abstract
FPCCD (Fine Pixel CCD) is a CCD detector whose pixel size is 5 x 5 μm2 and thickness of the sensitive layer
is 15 μm The sensitive layer of FPCCD is fully depleted to suppress the diffusion in the epitaxial layer and it
realizes good hit separation capability It is considered to use FPCCD for the high energy physics material science
and astronomy since the small pixel size realizes the excellent position resolution To establish the technology we
developed the test sample of FPCCD in 2008 whose pixel size is 12 x 12 μm2 The pixel size will be make smaller
to 6 x 6 μm2 in the second test sample in 2010 We also developed prototype of the readout ASIC to operate and
readout FPCCD
Together with the FPCCD sensor and readout ASIC development of the readout system is important issue
There are some requirements to the readout system due to characteristics of the FPCCD The readout speed must be
above 10 Mpixsec for one readout channel to read all the pixels The readout board must have ability of the data
processing like zero-suppression to reduce data sent to PC The data transfer rate to PC should be about 1 Gbps
We developed prototype of the readout board for FPCCD in 2009 The readout board is designed as
KEK-VME9U module The LVDS input and output is prepared to treat 16 x 4 channels Since a FPGA (Field
Programmable Gate Array) is equipped on the board logic for data processing could be easily modified The data
transfer rate to PC of 1 Gbps is realized by SiTCP technology in which the logic for TCPIP is embedded in FPGA
In my talk the status of development of the readout board will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 53
Talk-38
Theoretical Formulation of Morphology Dynamics of Membranes
Based on a Combination of Mathematical Models and Differential
Geometry
Yutaka Oya1)
Masatoshi Toda1)
Katsuhiko Sato1)
Toshihiro Kawakatsu1)
and
Izumi Takagi2)
1) Department of Physics 2) Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
Bio-membranes and vesicles are bilayers of lipid molecules with closed form A typical example is red blood cell
It is well known that the equilibrium shape of these membranes are determined by minimizing the following
Helfrich bending elastic energy [1]
2
02
CCdH aa
(1)
where ad is the infinitesimal area element of the membrane surface aC the local mean curvature 0C the
spontaneous curvature the bending elastic constant This energy is to be minimized among closed surfaces
having the prescribed surface area and bounding volume [2]
Although this Helfrich model is successful for equilibrium shape problems it is not easy to study dynamical
processes such as deformation fission and fusion of membranes under an external flow field or in the presence of
guest molecules such as polymers injected into the membrane In such a situation a field-theoretic approach to
Helfrich model is quite useful It is called the phase field (PF) model where the infinitely thin membrane
described by eq(1) is approximated by a finitely thin interface (topological defect) of a scalar field r [3] As
the membrane is described by a filed variable it is easy to combine it with other fields for example a flow field
(Navier-Stokes (NS) equation) or a density distribution of polymer chains (self-consistent field (SCF) theory)
We develop theoretical formulations for polymer chains encapsulated in
a membrane (PF+SCF) and for membranes floating in a flow field
(PF+NS) The former is a model of drag delivery system and the latter is a
model for a blood flow in a blood vessel Figure 1 shows typical
axisymmetric shapes of membranes that contain polymer chains obtained
by PF+SCF technique A shape deformation of membrane induced by the
injected polymer can be observed
[1] UZeifert Adv Phys 46 (1997) 13
[2] TNagasawa and ITakagi Calc Var and PDE 16 (2003) 63
[3] QDu C Liu and X Wang J Comput Phys 198 (2004) 450
a)
b)
Fig1 Two typical axisymmetric
shapes of membranes containing
polymers inside (a) prolate and (b)
oblate shapes
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
54 |
Talk-39
The search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics
from the logical and philosophical point of view
Keita Yokoyama
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
In this research we investigate the certainty of foundations of mathematics including the concepts of infinity
provability axiomatizability normativity determinacy and so on In this talk we will overview the certainty of
infinitesimal analysis by means of the measure of the logical strength as an example
In the 17th century differential and integral calculus was developed using infinitely small or infinitesimal
quantities by G W Leibniz and others However the theory of infinitesimals was completely replaced by the
theory of limits in the 19th century In 1960rsquos A Robinson introduced the theory of non-standard analysis and
justified the theory of infinitesimals in it [1] Non-standard analysis has been investigated by many researchers as a
branch of logic or analysis and it has been applied to the study of analysis number theory and other fields of
mathematics On the other hand the strengths of many theorems of classical analysis are measured by comparing
them with axioms of arithmetic as a program of Reverse Mathematics by H Friedman S Simpson and others [2]
For example the axiom ldquoweak Koenigrsquos lemma (WKL)rdquo is equivalent to the Brouwer fixed point theorem and the
Cauchy integral theorem and the axiom ldquoarithmetical comprehension (ACA)rdquo is equivalent to the AscoliArzela
lemma and the Riemann mapping theorem Then can we measure the certainty of infinitesimal analysis Is
infinitesimal analysis more complex or less certain than classical analysis Our aim is to answer these question
In 1980rsquos H J Keisler gave simple axioms for the theory of infinitesimal analysis So we measure the strengths
of these axioms by comparing them with axioms of arithmetic The axioms of infinitesimal analysis consist of
ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo ldquotransfer principlerdquo and other weak principles named nsBASIC Our main
results of this study are following
1 nsBASIC plus ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo is a conservative extension of the axiom of arithmetic
WKL
2 nsBASIC plus ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo plus ldquotransfer principlerdquo is a conservative extension of
the axiom of arithmetic ACA
It is known that the most part of classical analysis can be developed within WKL or ACA Consequently the theory
of infinitesimal analysis has the same certainty as the theory of classical analysis
References
[1] Stephen G Simpson Subsystems of Second Order Arithmetic Perspectives Springer-Verlag 1999
[2] A Robinson Non-standard Analysis North-Holland revised edition 1974
[3] Keita Yokoyama Formalizing non-standard arguments in second-order arithmetic to appear
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 55
Abstracts of Poster Presentations
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
56 |
Po-1
Coherent control of excited states by multipulse photo excitation
Kenta Abe
Physics D2 Tohoku University
The control of quantum phenomena with modulated laser pulses has already been demonstrated successfully on
a variety of chemical and physical systems For example the temporal structure of the pulse can be periodically
modified to yield a train of pulses If the temporal spacing of the pulse train coincides with the period of a
molecular vibration a wavepacket involving just a selected mode can be excited selectively over other modes We
adopted coherent control method using multipulse excitation to get information about transient vibration of the
excited states in materials
The coherent control measurement was carried out by a setup based on femtosecond absorption spectroscopy
Output of the Tisapphire laser system (800nm 1mJ 150fs 1kHz) was divided into several parts One part was
used to generate the tunable prepump (~100fs) by an infrared optical parametric amplifier (IR-OPA) The prepump
generated the excited state in the materials Another part was used to drive a noncollinear OPA (NOPA) generating
the ultrashort transform-limit (TL) pulse (lt20 fs) for the coherent control A pulse shaper which consists of a spatial
light modulator (SLM) with 800times600 pixels in a 4f arrangement modulated the TL pulse and generated the shaped
pump pulse The rest output generated the broadband tunable probe pulse using another NOPA and a prism pair
pulse compressor Time resolution of the system was about 20fs
Nile Blue was selected as prototype system because of its strong oscillatory features The coherent vibration
induced by the TL or shaped pump pulse was observed Figure 2 shows the Fourier transform (FT) spectra of the
transient vibration with and without the prepump With the prepump the peak frequency of the FT-spectrum is
lower than that without the prepump The multipulse excitation could successfully induce the coherent vibration in
the excited state Furthermore we carried out the coherent control by the shaped pump pulse The periodic pulse
trains can selectively control the coherent vibration in the ground andor excited states
Fig 2 Transient vibration induced by TL pulse Fig 1 Sketch of the multipulse excitation setup
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 57
Po-2
de Haas ndashvan Alphen effect studies in the Antiferro-Quadrupolar
ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3
T Isshiki T Komatsubara HS Suzuki N Kimura H Aoki
Physics D3 Tohoku University
In the past decade it is found that higher order multipoles (quadrupolar octupolar etc) play a key role in some
rare earth and actinide systems Although a great number of studies have been performed the mechanism of the
multipolar ordering has not been clarified yet On the other hand some previous experiments suggest that the
quadrupolar ordering is mediated via the conduction electrons Moreover in some Pr-based compounds which have
nonmagnetic 3 doublet in the crystalline electric field ground state a huge CT value is observed in the specific
heat measurement even at low temperatures These results indicate that quadrupole moments might be strongly
coupled with the conduction electrons but there is no clear evidence so far Therefore it is important to investigate
the role of the conduction electrons in these systems
The de Haas -van Alphen(dHvA) effect is a powerful method to measure the properties of conduction electrons
We study the dHvA effect in the antiferro-quadrupolar(AFQ) ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3 (1) to
investigate whether or not a huge CT at low temperatures and the non-Fermi liquid behavior reported for the
specific heat and electrical resistivity in Pr1-xLaxPb3 come from the interplay between quadrupole moments and the
conduction electrons (2) to investigate how the change of the f electron state such as the one from the
para-quadrupolar state to the AFQ state affects the properties of conduction electrons and (3) to investigate the
quantum criticality of the quadrupolar ordering
We have succeeded in observing the change in the properties of conduction electrons associated with the change
of the f electron state The details are discussed in this presentation
Po-3
Measurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum
in the Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHC
Takumi Ito
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Supersymmetry (SUSY) is the well-motivated candidate of the physics beyond the standard model If
SUSY really exists at the TeV energy scale a large number of SUSY particles are produced at the LHC
experiments A signature of SUSY at the LHC strongly depends on the SUSY mass spectrum Some
SUSY models have a long-lived heavy charged particle and in such case we should completely alter a
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
58 |
strategy to study the SUSY events from one in a widely-studied case with a long-lived heavy neutral
particle
We study the model with a long-lived stau (supersymmetric partner of tau lepton) and demonstrate the
several masses of superpaticles can be measured with a good accuracy [1] We focus on the case in which
the mass differences between the lightest stau and other sleptons are ~ 10 GeV or larger so that the decay
products of heavier sleptons are hard enough to be detected First we determine the masses of neutralinos as
the endpoint of the invariant mass distribution of (tau-jet - stau) since neutralinos mainly decay to the
lightest stau Next with the assist of the knowledge of the neutralino mass the masses of the right-handed
sleptons are determined as the sharp peak in the distribution of the invariant mass of (lepton - tau - stau)
Also squark (almost right-handed) masses can be measured well
In the previous study we left the mass reconstructions of other particles such as gluino charginos left-handed
sleptons and left-handed squarks They are in progress [2]
Reference
[1] Takumi Ito Ryuichiro Kitano and Takeo Moroi ldquoMeasurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum in the
Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHCrdquo arXiv 09105853 [hep-ph]
[2] Takumi Ito Ryuichiro Kitano and Takeo Moroi work in progress
Po-4
In situ NMR imaging of lithium- ion batteries
during chargedischarge cycle
Yoshiki Iwai
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Lithium-ion batteries are quite important power sources for mobile devices such as mobile phones notebook
computers portable audio players etc It is necessary to observe ion motion of liquid electrolyte in lithium-ion
batteries for increasing their safety and understanding mechanisms of the degradations Over the last several
decades many types of in-situ technique (X-ray Raman scattering infrared spectroscopy etc) have been adopted to
investigate the lithium-ion dynamics Moreover visualizing techniques are also starting to be employed for material
science over the biological and medical field X-ray and neutron tomography can see through the batteries however
these two techniques have disadvantages for lithium-ion batteries X-ray has low sensitivity for organic electrolyte
because the sensitivity of X-ray is proportional to weight of atoms Neutron beam has high sensitivity for proton
(1H) and lithium (
6Li and
7Li) however big facilities are need for the experiments Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Imaging (NMR imaging ) is also nondestructive imaging technique which can satisfy these two demands high
sensitivity of light atoms such as proton (or lithium) and small instrument compared with Neutron facilities The
aim of this work is to observe liquid electrolyte in the lithium-ion battery by NMR imaging technique to understand
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 59
ionic motion and behavior of its degradation as a function of electrochemical cycling As a start of this work I
report lithium (7Li) and proton (
1H) imaging data of special designed lithium-ion battery which is composed of
lithium-metal (negative electrode) and LiCoO2 (positive electrode) filled with liquid electrolyte LiClO4PC
Po-5
Crack propagation in largely deformed rubber sheet
Daiki Endo
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
60 |
Po-6
Optical response of photonic crystal with multi-layered structure
Rihei Endo
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Recently there has been rapid progress in the performance of nano scale artificial structure It is known that
the photonic crystals take an important role in developing next-generation devices Photonic crystals have a
photonic band structure with a gap energy that excludes light with a certain frequency which is the same
analogy as the energy band structure in the crystal of the solid We can control light freely by operating these
structures artificially and it is possible to create new type devices with new features
So far we had investigated one-electron properties of one-dimensional self-similar structures (SSS) SSS are
classified into the third group of systems in addition to periodic systems and random systems Electronic states
of SSS exhibits rich properties For example the presence of energy spectra and wave functions which have
multifractal characters is peculiar to such systems And almost all eigenstates for electrons are critical states
whose nature locate between extended states and localised states
Applying the concept of SSS to photonic crystals we aim at a development of a new type of optical device
We confine our discussion in 1D photonic crystals which consist of two different dielectric material layers A
and B in a SSS We assume the materials of A and B layers to be non-absorbing isotropic and uniform
dielectric matirials with reflective indices na and nb respectively (see fig1) To set up 1D self-similar
photonic crystal we apply the substitution rule to determine the order of two kinds of layer as shown in fig2 In
this poster We have investigated the time-dependent optical response of S-polarized wave and P-polarized
wave (see fig3) on this SSS by using transfer matrix method [1]
[1] J Phys A Math Gen 37 (2004) L1-L6 Rihei Endou Komajiro Niizeki Nobuhisa Fujita
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 61
Po-7
Pseudo-spin Kondo effect in a capacitively-coupled parallel double
quantum dot
Yuma OKAZAKI
Physics D1 Tohoku University
A low-dimensional nano-structure fabricated by semiconductor fine processing technology offers the ideal
playground for studying quantum and correlative nature of electrons Especially electronic states can be controlled
at a single electron level in a zero-dimensionally confined system known as a quantum dot (QD) The Kondo effect
is an electron correlation phenomenon resulting from a dynamical spin singlet formation between a localized spin
at the QD and its surrounding conduction electrons via an effective exchange interaction The Kondo effect has
been well investigated in bulk materials containing dilute magnetic impurities However more tunable approach for
the Kondo physics is possible with the helps of QDrsquos parameter-controllability
In this poster we show transport measurements in a double QD system with inter-dot capacitive coupling In
such a device charge degrees of freedom can be regarded as a pseudo-spin and play the equivalent role to the
electron spin in the Kondo physics Although the pseudo-spin Kondo effect has been already discussed in some
reported articles more quantitative and conclusive experimental results are lacking Two fingerprints for the
pseudo-spin Kondo singlet were experimentally observed in our fabricated device(Fig a b) The first one is Kondo
zero bias anomaly which originates from a many-body resonance level pinned at the Fermi surface due to the
Kondo singlet formation(Fig c) The second one is Kondo scaling which describes universal temperature
dependence scaled by the Kondo temperature A good fit was obtained between the observed temperature
dependence and a theoretical curve by numerical renormalization group theory(Fig d) Moreover a contribution
from the pseudo-spin was discussed via measurements in a finite in-plane magnetic field In conclusion a
formation of the pseudo-spin Kondo singlet was determined
Fig (a)Scanning electron microscope image of the device Electrons are confined into regions illustrated by circles (b)The charge stability diagram showing charge configurations in the two QDs VL(VR) is bias voltages applied to the gate L(R) labeled in Fig (a) The arrows depict charge and spin states (c)Kondo zero bias anomaly and (d)Kondo scaling were measured at the center of the two-headed arrow in Fig (b)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
62 |
Po-8
Spin and charge dynamics in a photo-excited double exchange system
Yu Kanamori
D2 Department of Physics Tohoku University
Hiroaki Matsueda1 and Sumio Ishihara
2
1Sendai National College of Technology
2Department of Physics Tohoku University
A variety of electronic phases in correlated electron systems is attributed to strong interplay between multi-degrees of
freedom of electrons such as charge spin and orbital Gigantic changes in electronic state are caused by weak perturbation in a
vicinity of phase boundary Perovskite manganite is one of the typical correlated electron materials with multi-degrees of
freedom Recently ultrafast photo-induced phenomena by applying femtosecond laser pulse have been measured in the
charge-ordered (CO) insulator associated with the antiferromagnetic (AF) order [1] Transient optical reflectivity and
magnet-optic Kerr rotation suggest strong coupling between the charge and spin degrees of freedom in the photo-induced states
Nonlinear increase of reflectivity change for photo-excitation density has been also reported
We study photo-induced charge and spin dynamics in perovskite manganite We adopt the extended double-exchange model
in one-dimension where the on-site and nearest-neighbor Coulomb repulsions between the eg electrons and the
nearest-neighbor AF exchange coupling between the t2g localized spins are taken into account By using the exact
diagonalization method and density-matrix renormalization-group method several transient spectra and static correlation
functions are obtained
It is shown that just after the photo-irradiation CO is melted and the band width of photo-carriers gradually increases with
increasing time The time dependence of the photo-carrier band and that of the in-gap component of the optical conductivity are
correlated with that in the spin correlation indicating strong coupling between charge and spin sectors This time scale is
governed by the electron transfer integral We also examine the photon intensity dependence of the spin and charge dynamics It
is found that pump photon intensity where the energy gain in the spin sector is saturated is smaller than that where the charge
energy is saturated This result implies that the spin and charge sectors are decoupled in the view point of the pump
photon-intensity
This work is supported by the global COE program of MEXT Japan
References
[1] K Miyasaka et al Phys Rev B 74 012401 (2006)
[2] H Matsueda and S Ishihara J Phys Soc Jpn 76 083703 (2007)
[3] Y Kanamori H Matsueda and S Ishihara Phys Rev Lett 103 267401 (2009)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 63
Po-9
Observation of 8B Solar Neutrinos with KamLAND
Yoshiaki Kibe (D3)
Department of Physics Research Center for Neutrino Science Tohoku University
The Kamioka Liquid Scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector that is KamLAND experiment is located at the site of the
former Kamiokande experiment in Gifu Prefecture Japan KamLAND uses 1 metric kton of liquid scintillator
contained in a 65m radius 135μm thick NylonEVOH balloon
Measurements of solar neutrinos and reactor anti-neutrinos have established neutrino oscillation and the Large
Mixing Angle (LMA) solution with matter effects described by Mikheyev Smirnov and Wolfenstein (MSW) as the
correct description of neutrino propagation from the Sun The 8B decay creates the continuous energy spectrum and
dominates the high-energy solar neutrino flux This has been measured previously using neutrino-electron
scattering with water Cherenkov detectors like Kamiokande Super-Kamiokande and SNO and the liquid
scintillator detector like Borexino The water Cherenkov detectors are able to reconstruct the direction of the
incoming neutrino and typically have thresholds of around 5 MeV Liquid scintillator detectors have much better
energy solution and the possibility of lower energy thresholds but no directional information The detection method
exploits the neutrino-electron elastic scattering reaction in the solar neutrino detection at KamLAND
The newly developed purification system rejects the radioactive backgrounds It allows us to explore lower
threshold of 35 MeV where is the unexplored energy region for 8B solar neutrino detection This work shows the
first measurement of 8B solar neutrino flux in KamLAND with 35 and 55 MeV thresholds
Po-10
z ~3 LYMAN BREAK GALAXY CLUSTER SURVEY IN SSA22
WITH VIMOS
Katsuki Kousai
Physics D2 Tohoku University
We report our redshift survey of z~3 Lyman break galaxies ( LBGs ) We observed LBGs spectra in SSA22
( 221734 +001504 ) 912 arcsec2 field to identify those spectral redshift and to study three dimensional
distribution of LBGs We have obtained spectral redshifts of 94 LBGs and found spike at z=31 33 and 37 in the
redshift distribution
SSA22 is a field in which Steidel et al discovered high density region of LBGs at z=309 ( Steidel et al 1998 )
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
64 |
They determined spectral redshifts of 99 LBGs at z~3 in 162 arcsec2 field They found a critical spike at z=309 in
their redshift distribution of LBGs
We have detected a lot of Lyman alpha emitters ( LAEs ) at z=309 in 912 arcsec2 field which contains the high
density region discovered by Steidel et al in our narrowband filter (NB497 band pass centered at 4977 Å
bandwidth of FWHM 77Å ) survey for LAEs with Subaru Prime Focus Camera to find a large scale structure of
LAEs ( Hayashino et al 2004 )
We also carried out LBG redshift survey in our LAE survey area We observed z~3 LBG candidates in the field
with ESO-VLT VIsible MultiObject Spectrograph ( VIMOS ) in 2006 and 2008 We identify spectral redshifts of 94
LBGs with Lyman alpha emission line ( 1216Åin rest-flame ) or metal absorption line ( Si II O I C II ( 1216Å
1303Å 1334Å in rest-flame ) etc )
We drew redshift distribution of those LBGs In our redshift distribution we found spike not only at z=31 that was
discovered by Steidel but also z=33 and 37 We also study spatial distribution of LBGs that is included those spikes It seems
that LBGs in each spikes are clustered in sky distribution of those LBGs
In our poster we report on the redshift distribution of 94 LBGs at z~3 the property of those density peaks that is found in
the redshift distribution and the spatial distribution of LBGs
Po-11
EELS and SXES studies of electronic structures of Al-TM alloys
Shogo Koshiya
Physics D1 Tohoku University
After the discovery of an icosahedral symmetry material (quasicrystals) in a melt-quenched Al6Mn alloy [1]
great effort has been spent for understanding the presence of quasiperiodic structured materials In recent years
Hume-Rothery mechanism which predicts an existence of a pseudogap around Fermi level (EF) is accepted as a
major reason for the stabilization of quasicrystals The presences of pseudogap structures in quasicrystals were
experimentally confirmed by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and EELS EELS experiments also pointed out
characteristic chemical shifts in Al L-shell excitation spectra of Al-based quasicrystals [2] which suggested a
decrease of valence electron charge at Al sites Recently a covalent bonding nature in quasicrystals was reported by
MEMRietveld analysis of 10-Al12Re and 11-Al73Re27Si10 [3] Thus it is interesting to investigate the relation
between chemical shift and bonding nature of quasicrystals On the other hand the systematic measurements of
electronic structures of the normal Al-transition metal (Al-TM) alloys help the understanding of the bonding
nature of the Al-based quasicrystal
In this study the chemical shift which is sensitive to the amount of valence electron of amorphous (Am)
quasicrystalline (QC) and crystalline (Cryst) phases of Al53Si27Mn20 alloys were investigated by a high
energy-resolution EELS transmission electron-microscope (TEM) [4] and a soft-X-ray emission spectroscopy
(SXES) instrument attached to a TEM [5]
From EELS measurements of Al L-edge (2p rarr CV) of the phases it was clearly shown that only the QC phase
showed an apparent shift to the larger binding energy side by 04 eV compared with that of Al single crystal This
result should be due to a large binding energy of Al L-shell of QC phase than that of pure Al (chemical shift) From
SXES measurements of Al K -emission (2p rarr 1s) of the phases it was revealed for the first time that the spectrum
of QC phase clearly showed a shift to the larger energy side of about 4 eV These results clearly indicate that the chemical shift is characteristic for QC phase Si K -emission spectrum of QC phase also showed a clear shift of
about 6 eV On the other hand there was not an apparent chemical shift for Mn L -emission (3d rarr 2p) Those
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 65
EELS and SXES results suggest that the amounts of valence electron of Al and Si atomic sites of Al53Si27Mn20
alloys are decreased only in the QC phase However Mn site does not change its valence electron charge
apparently in Am QC and Crystal phases It can be due to a localization of valence electrons of Mn atom
Chemical shifts of all constituent atoms for Am QC and Cryst phases of Al53Si27Mn20 alloys were examined first
time by EELS and SXES These results clearly presented that a chemical shift is characteristic for QC phase It
should be also noted that only Al and Si atoms of Al53Si27Mn20 change those valence electron states in QC phase
Experimental results of EELS and SXES on 10-Al12Re and 11-Al73Re17Si10 approximant crystals and Al-TM
alloys will be also presented
References
[1] D Schechtman et al Phys Rev Lett 53 1951 (1984)
[2] M Terauchi et al Phil Mag 87 2947 (2007)
[3] K Kirihara et al Phys Rev B 64 212201 (2001)
[4] M Tanaka et al Microsc Microanal 8 (Suppl 2) 68 (2002)
[5] M Terauchi et al Microsc Microanal 13 (Suppl 2) 166 (2007)
Po-12
Comparison of membrane physical property changes between DMPC
membrane and DMPE membrane induced by melittin
Atsuji Kodama
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Melittin an amphipathic peptide composed of 26 amino acid residues from honeybee venom is
widely used as a model of membrane protein in the study of lipid-protein interaction in
biomembranes In this study interaction of melittin with DMPC membranes and DMPE membranes
were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and fluorescent spectrometry with an
environment sensitive fluorescent dye Laurdan and tryptophan (Trp) residue in melittin In DSC
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
66 |
study the main phase transition peak of DMPC became broader gradually with increasing of
melittin On the other hand such a transition peak behavior was not observed in DMPE
thermograms In the fluorescent study with Laurdan Generalized Polarization (GP) was calculated
from I440 and I490 of Laurdan emission spectra Around phase transition temperature GP value for
DMPE changed drastically in the presence of melittin compared with in the absence of melittin It
indicated that melittin disturbed infiltration of water molecules into the lipid glycerol backbone
regions Contrary to DMPE temperature region of GP value change for DMPC became broader with
increasing of melittin It related to the reduction of transition cooperativity In the tryptophan
fluorescent study λmax was shorter than the system without lipids through the all temperature
regions at all mole fractions of melittin in DMPC systems In DMPEMelittin systems λmax was
longer than DMPCMelittin systems The results showed that melittin was in the hydrophobic
environment in DMPCMelittin systems On the other hand melittin was in hydrophilic
environment in DMPEMelittin systems These results indicated that melittin located in DMPC
membrane and on DMPE membrane surface From the GP value the glycerol backbone regions of DMPE
membranes have higher packing compared with DMPC one It indicated that the higher packing of DMPE
possibly disturbed penetration of melittin
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 67
Po-13
Resonant x-ray scattering experiment on Pr(Ru1-xRhx)4P12
Kotaro Saito
Dept of Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
68 |
Po-14
Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Anti-neutrinos travel from the Earthrsquos interior due to beta decays of mainly three isotopes 238
U 232
Th and 40
K
The study of geo-neutrinos was performed using 207659-day data taken with KamLAND which is the
anti-neutrino detector contained 1000 tons of liquid scintillator (LS) The data includes 58603-day data since the
LS purification was started
The LS purification is distillation and N2 purge for LS and was performed to reduce low energy backgrounds
such as 85
Kr 210
Bi and 210
Po These isotopes were reduced by ~ 185000 ~ 12100 and ~ 116 respectively While
the LS purification reduced backgrounds it caused the decrease of light yield by ~ 20 and following the deviation
of the position and time dependence Energy and its deviation are corrected using calibration and spallation data
before the geo-neutrino analysis
Anti-neutrinos are extracted from data using the likelihood selection based on the probability density function of
anti-neutrinos and accidental backgrounds depending on those rate to use low energy region and outer volume with
many accidental backgrounds The number of anti-neutrino candidates is 2043 events
The main backgrounds for geo-neutrinos are reactor neutrinos and 13
C(alpha n)16
O reaction The latter is reduced
by ~ 116 after the LS purification due to the reduction of the main alpha source 210
Po The number of total
backgrounds is estimated to be 20158 events
The expected number of geo-neutrinos is calculated using the reference Earth model based on
seismology petrology and the BSE model It is 976 events The Rate + Shape + Time analysis was
performed using these results The best-fit of geo-neutrinos is 860plusmn279 267 (32 accuracy) and does
not conflict with the expectation Zero geo-neutrinos are excluded at 34σ(9993) From the
estimated geo-neutrino flux and the model the upper limits of radiogenic heat from U and Th and
their mass in the mantle are 30 TW and 59x1017 kg at 90 CL This result excludes the
fully-radiogenic models of 37 TW and 44 TW at 976 and 996 CL respectively
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 69
Po-15
Pressure dependence of B-T phase diagram in
heavy-fermion superconductor CeRhSi3
Tetsuya Sugawara(D2) Noriaki Kimura(Assis Prof) and Haruyoshi Aoki(Prof)
Department of Physics Tohoku University
CeRhSi3 is a noncentrosymmetric heavy-fermion pressure-induced superconductor discovered in 2005 by N
Kimura et al [1] Its crystal structure lacks an inversion center which is characteristic of this compound as shown
in the inset of Fig 1 The superconductivity emerges above 02GPa although the antiferromagnetic order persists
up to 24GPa Therefore CeRhSi3 can provide two fascinating aspects of the superconductivity namely
noncentrosymmetric and heavy-fermion superconductivity
We reported the temperature dependence of the upper-critical-field Bc2(T) along the tetragonal c-axis of CeRhSi3
and the existence of a bend on the Bc2(T)-curve at the last forum To elucidate the nature of the bend we have
performed the precise measurement of the electrical resistivity at several pressures Figure 2 shows the resultant
Bc2(T)-curves of CeRhSi3 We found the bend appears at 24GPa at which the antiferromagnetic ordering
disappers at zero field This fact suggests that the bend is associated with the magnetism
At the forum we will also report the pressure dependence of other superconducting parameters and discuss the
nature of the bend
Reference
[1]N Kimura et al Phys Rev Lett 95 (2005) 247004
Fig 1 Crystal structure and T-P phase diagram
of CeRhSi3
Fig 2 Pressure dependence of the Bc2(T)-curve
of CeRhSi3
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
70 |
Po-16
Neutral meson photoproduction with electromagnetic calorimeter
complex FOREST
Koutaku Suzuki
Physics D3 Tohoku University
We have been studying hadron properties via the π0 and η photoproduction reactions at Research Center for
Electron Photon Science Tohoku University Recently we observed a narrow baryon resonance at Eγ ~ 1020
MeV in the γ d rarr η n p reaction The resonance seems to show up in the γ n rarr η n reaction since no signal has
been observed so far in the γ p rarr η p reaction at the same energy region
To investigate the resonance in more detail we developed a large solid angle electro-magnetic calorimeter
system FOREST It consists of three types of electromagnetic calorimeters and three plastic scintillator hodoscopes
One calorimeter located in a forward angular region is made up with 192 pure CsI crystals the second one covering
the polar angle from 30degto 100degcomprises 252 lead scintillating fiber blocks and the remaining calorimeter are
built with 36 lead glass Cherenkov counters The energy resolutions of pure CsI crystals lead scintillating fiber
blocks and lead glass Cherenkov counters are 21 72 and 49 respectively for 10 GeV electrons The
plastic scintillator hodoscopes are placed in front of these calorimeters to distinguish a particle being charged or
neutral FOREST covers the solid angle of about 90 in total
Experiments for π0 and η photoproduction reactions have been performed with FOREST The current status and
analysis of the experiments will be introduced
Po-17
Micro-photoluminescence around spin phase transition of ν=23
fractional quantum Hall regime
J HayakawaAK Muraki
BG YusaA
ADepartment of Physics Tohoku University
BNTT Basic Research Laboratories NTT Corporation
We have been interested in Landau level filling factor ν=23 fractional quantum Hall(FQH) regime because of
their interesting feature The spin degrees of freedom of electrons play an important role in this system That is
because the competition between Coulomb energy and Zeeman energy defines the ground state There are two
possible ground states unpolarized and fully polarized states A spin phase transition between these two states
occurs therefore domain formation with two polarizations is expected at certain magnetic field and carrier density
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 71
But actual size and shape of domains have not observed Moreover the dynamics of domains related to electric
current or nuclear spin polarization has been unveiled yet In contrast with standard transport measurement optical
measurement can reveal local configurations of electron spin Therefore we aim for direct observation of spin
domains at ν=23 by optical techniques
In our previous work we have measured circularly polarized photoluminescence from semiconductor quantum
well in the FQH regime at ν=23 We have found the peak intensity of singlet charged exciton tends to increase up
to transition point and it tends to decrease beyond this point by decreasing electron density On the other hand the
peak intensity of triplet charged exciton tends to monotonically increase by decreasing electron density Thus the
peak intensity of charged excitons can be used as a probe to detect local spin polarization
In order to acquire the image of spin domains we developed a scanning optical microscope in a dilution
refrigerator We illuminate samples with a laser through a square core multimode fiber to obtain a uniform electron
density over the sample Photoluminescence is collected by two polarization-maintaining fibers through circular
polarizer consisted of a quarter waveplate and a polarization beam splitter In this arrangement the core of the fiber
functions as a pinhole The sample is scanned by piezo-stage This experimental set-up will enable us to directly
observe the spin domains with micron order spatial resolution
Po-18
Ionic conductivity of Trehalose-Water-Lithium iodide mixture in glass
and supercooled liquid state
Reiji Takekawa
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Compound in the glassy state a certain kind of systems have ionic conductivity and the other donrsquot have ionic
conductivity in glassy ionic compound The former is decouple to glass framework and ion and latter is couple
That is beneficial to studying characteristic of glass transition in both system for principle and search higher
conductivity electrolyte Usually ldquocouplingrdquo sample and ldquodecouplingrdquo sample is another composed system Thus
that shouldnrsquot be studied details how to change between coupling glass to decoupling glass In this work search
systems which change coupling glass to decoupling glass with the different molar ration
In the previous study LiI-6H2O is good glass former and glass transition temperature Tg is -130 Glass
framework is hydrogen band network and lithium ion that coupled strongly To change decouple system I add
disaccharide Trehalose In general sugar group can make good stable glass Stabling glassy state and upper Tg
super cooled liquid state is important to some measuring in this case Thus I measured three component
trehalose-H2O-LiI systems In this system there is wide glass transition compound region
Result of Tg measurement by DSC Tg become higher increase with trehalose ratio Tg is 20 which ratio is
58 328 614 (trehalose-H2O-LiI molar ratio) I Compare conductivity at the glass transition temperature that
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
72 |
with LiI-6H2O (143 857) samples former is 5 order higher than latter The large increase suggest mobility
increase and changing coupling to decoupling system Consequently trehalose-H2O-LiI system is suitable to study
detail of coupling glass and decoupling glass
Po-19
Progress of the new DAQ system for wide-band solar neutrino
observation with KamLAND
Takemoto Yasuhiro
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Precise measurement of fluxes of solar neutrinos could examine validity of Standard Solar Model With
KamLAND previous efforts on solar neutrino observation focused on individual kind of those eg 8B
7Be
neutrinos Observation of those neutrinos was enabled by ultra-pure liquid scintillator which was even more
purified in these several years
However there still exist two major sources of backgrounds which are difficult to remove with current
electronics One source is a long-lived isotope eg 11
C 10
C which is produced in cosmic muon induced spallation
A huge muon is followed by high-rate events (up to several hundred events within one millisecond) including
neutrons which are byproducts of spallation isotopes Since decay of a spallation isotope comes too late to be told
as it detection of the neutrons which have space correlation with the isotope is necessary for identifying the
isotope and to extract neutrino signals from backgrounds Dead time of current DAQ electronics makes it difficult
to detect all of these neutrons which prevents us from salvaging neutrino events The other source of backgrounds
is residual radioactive impurity A part of decays of 85
Kr one of radioactive impurities is observed as two signals
but the first signal is too small to be triggered
My colleagues and I have been developed new electronics which consist of DAQ electronics which are free
from dead time within such event rate and intelligent trigger electronics which utilize the huge buffers inside the
DAQ electronics
At the present moment production assessment and installation of the electronics have accomplished And I
report here recent progress including installation in-situ tuning of on-board signal processing logic and of DAQ
software and future prospects of this project
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 73
Po-20
Double Chooz PMT preparation
TABATA Hiroshi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Double Chooz experiment is a reactor neutrino experiment searching for last undefined neutrino mixing angle
θ13
The most stringent constraint on the third mixing angle comes from the CHOOZ reactor neutrino experiment as
sin2(2θ13)lt02 Double Chooz will explore the range of sin
2(2θ13) with a sensitivity down to 003-002 within three
years of data taking The improvement of the CHOOZ result requires an increase in the statistics a reduction of the
systematic error below one percent and a careful control of the backgrounds Therefore Double Chooz will use
two identical detectors one at 400 m (near detector ) and another at 105 km from the Chooz nuclear cores
The plan is to start operation in middle of 2010 with the far detector
Main responsibility of Japanese group is photomultiplier tube (PMT) system Double Chooz uses 390 PMTs for
each detector We developed and purchased PMTs After some testing we finished 390 PMTs installation of far
detector in December 2009 This poster shows a state of PMT preparation
Po-21
Effects of lanthanoid ion on phosphate head groups in DMPC
membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures
Kouya Tamatsukuri1 (D3) Tetsuhiko Ohba
1 Gen Sazaki
2 Kazuo Ohki
1
1Department of Physics Tohoku University Sendai Japan
2Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Sendai Japan
Based on many solid-state NMR studies it is generally supposed that phospholipids become orientated in an
applied static magnetic field due to the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility which arises mainly from their
fatty acyl chains For phospholipids is generally negative and its exact value depends on the molecular structure
so lipids tend to orient perpendicular to the field 12-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and
12-dihexanoyl-sn-glycero-3- phosphatidylcholine (DHPC) mixtures are generally assumed to consist of disklike
micelles often called bicelles which align in magnetic fields with the bilayer normal perpendicular to the fields
direction due to negative of lipids However in addition of some trivalent lanthanoid ions such as Eu3+
Er3+
Yb3+
and Tm3+
which have a positive magnetic anisotropy it was reported to orient bicelles such that their normal
is parallel to the fields by NMR measurements On the other hands it was reported that cations including
lanthanoid ions induce the conformation change of the polar head group of lipids too So we investigated the
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
74 |
effects of lanthanoids ion Eu3+
on phosphate head groups of DMPC membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures in the
absence of magnetic fields by fluorescence spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry and compared with
the results of NMR measurements
Po-22
Status of double beta decay experiment with KamLAND
Azusa Terashima
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Neutrinoless double beta decay predicted by Furry in 1938 and described by the process A(Z) -gt A(Z+2) + 2e- is
extremely rare process yet observed in nature This remarkable decay that violates the lepton number conservation
demands two characteristic neutrino properties One is that neutrinos have non-zero mass and another one is they
are Majorana particles
Although rare decay rate (half-life gt 1020
yr) make experiment difficult which requires very low background and
large volume this decay is very interested in since it will tell us the nature of neutrinos (DiracMajorana) its
effective mass via its half-life and neutrino mass hierarchy
The Kamioka Liquid scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector (KamLAND) is low energy neutrino detector with 1000
ton s of highly purified liquid scintillator (LS) located on the former Kamiokande experiment site in Japan at a
depth of ~2700 m water equivalent
Utilizing KamLAND clean environment and its large volume of liquid scintillator we will search the
neutrinoless double beta decay with 90 enriched 400kg of 136
Xe nuclei at 1st phase started in 2011
With a little improvement of the detector and Xe loaded into the liquid scintillator KamLAND aims to understand
the nature of neutrinos The status and development of this experiment will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 75
Po-23
Simulations on Dynamics of Wormlike Micellar System
Using Particle-Field Hybrid Models
Masatoshi Toda
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Surfactant molecules eg cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) self-assemble reversibly into long and
flexible micelles in the presence of certain salts eg sodium salicylate (NaSal) [1] Such micelles are generally
called ldquowormlike micellesrdquo or ldquoliving polymersrdquo and known to show pronounced viscoelastic properties due to the
relaxation of intermicellar entanglements For example in the linear viscoelastic regime they can show the
exponential relaxation characterized by the single relaxation time [2] This behavior is very different from that of
entangled polymeric systems which have a broad spectrum of the entanglement relaxation modes In a steady shear
flow (nonlinear regime) they can also show shear-induced phase separations called ldquoshear bandingrdquo [3] The
detailed molecular origins of these interesting rheological properties have not yet been understood
In order to investigate rheological properties of wormlike micellar systems we propose particle-field hybrid
models which treat wormlike micellar chains as discrete particles and a solvent part as a continuous field The
method will enable us to simulate large-scale systems more efficiently than conventional particle-based methods
eg Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) [4]
We will report details of our models and several results by computer simulations on the models
References
[1] I W Hamley Introduction to Soft Matter (Wiley 2007)
[2] T Shikata H Hirata T Kotaka Langmuir 3 1081 (1987) 4 354 (1988) 5 398 (1989)
[3] M E Cates S M Fielding Adv Phys 55 799 (2006)
[4] P J Hoogerbrugge J M V A Koelman Europhys Lett 19 155 (1992)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
76 |
Po-24
Magneto-dielectric phenomena in charge ordered system
with frustrated geometrical lattice
Makoto Naka (D2) Sumio Ishihara
Physics Tohoku University
Electronic ferroelectricity is known as phenomenon where electric polarization is attributed to the charge order
without inversion symmetry This is seen in some transition metal oxides eg RFe2O4 (R is a rare earth ion) and
charge-transfer organic salts In LuFe2O4 magneto-dielectric phenomena such as increasing of electric polarization
around magnetic ordering temperature observed and are investigated experimentally and theoretically [1] Quasi
2- -(ET)2Cu2(CN)3 -ET salts of which two ET molecules construct a
dimerized pair and are located on a triangular lattice These compounds are known as a so-called dimer-Mott
insulator because one hole exists in each dimer Because of nearly isotropic triangular lattice and the geometrical
frustration novel spin liquid state is expected to appear Recently it is reported that the increase of dielectric
constant is experimentally observed below 60K This indicates the presence of ferro (or anti-ferro) electric
transition The electric polarization is thought to be generated by a localized hole in one side of ET molecules in
dimers [2]
We present a theory of magneto-dielectric phenomena in electronic ferroelectricity in RFe2O4 -ET salt
-ET salts we treat an electric dipole as a pseudo spin and derive the effective model
Hamiltonian where the inter-dimer transfer integrals and the Coulomb interactions are introduced in a triangular
lattice We analyze this model by utilizing the mean-field approximation and the classical Monte-Carlo simulation
We found that the magnetodielectric phenomena originate from spin-charge coupling and geometrical frustration
We also suggest that charge degree of freedom controls the magnetic ordered and disordered states
References
[1] M Naka A Nagano and S Ishihara Phys Rev B 77 224441 (2008)
[2] T Sasaki et al (unpublished)
[3] M Naka and S Ishihara (in preparation)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 77
Po-25
Pi-mesonic decays of Λ hypernuclei
Yoji Nakagawa
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
78 |
Po-26
Axionic Mirage Mediation
Shuntaro Nakamura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Although the mirage mediation is one of the most plausible mediation mechanisms of supersymmetry
breaking it suffers from two crucial problems One is the muB mu-problem and the second is the cosmological
one The former stems from the fact that the B parameter tends to be comparable with the gravitino mass which is
two order of magnitude larger than the other soft masses The latter problem is caused by the decay of the modulus
whose branching ratio into the gravitino pair is sizable In this talk we propose a model of mirage mediation in
which Peccei-Quinn symmetry is incorporated
In this axionic mirage mediation it is shown that the Peccei-Quinn symmetry breaking scale is dynamically
determined around 10^10 GeV to 10^12 GeV due to the supersymmetry breaking effects and the
mu-problem can be solved naturally Furthermore in our model the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) is the
axino that is the superpartner of the axion The overabundance of the LSPs due to decays of modulusgravitino
which is the most serious cosmological difficulty in the mirage mediation can be avoided if the axino is
sufficiently light The next-LSPs (NLSPs) produced by the gravitino eventually decay into the axino LSPs yielding
the dominant component of the axinos remaining today It is shown that the axino with the mass of O(100) MeV is
naturally realized which can constitute the dark matter of the Universe with the free-streaming length of the order
of 01 Mpc The saxion the real scalar component of the axion supermultiplet can also be cosmologically harmless
due to the dilution of the modulus decay The lifetime of NLSP is relatively long but much shorter than 1 sec
when the big-bang nucleosynthesis commences The decay of NLSP would provide intriguing collider signatures
Po-27
The Study of the Origin of Lyman alpha Emitters
with Large Equivalent Widths
Yuki Nakamura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Through the last decade searches for high-redshift Lyman alpha emitters (LAE) by narrow-band imaging have
been conducted extensively In these surveys the LAEs with very large equivalent width (EW) are studied with
much interest (egMalhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Fujita et al 2003 Hu et al 2004 Dawson et al 2004 Saito et al
2006 Shimasaku et al 2006 Gronwall et al 2007 Ouchi et al 2008 Nilsson et al 2009) as they may be related
with extremely young or metal-poor stars or any other signatures of he very early phase of galaxy formation
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 79
(Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Schaerer 2003) Among the LAEs identified by spectroscopic observation 10-40 have
the large rest-frame equivalent width EW0≦240Å at z=31 (Ouchi et al 2008)
What are the origins of these large EW objects More than a few ideas have been discussed such as
photoionization by extremely hot stars cooling radiation from gravitationally heated gas in the collapsed halos
(Steidel et al 2000 Haiman et al 2000 Fardal et al 2001 Yang et al 2006) or shock heating by starburst-driven
galactic wind (Taniguchi amp Shioya 2000 Taniguchi et al 2001 Ohyama et al 2003 Wilman et al 2005) The
effects of HI scattering and dust absorption should also be considered properly in the models
For the case of photoionization by massive stars it is difficult to reproduce Lyman alpha emission larger than
EW0≦240Å by the simple models with constant continuous star-formation rate at the equilibrium phase when the
numbers of ionizing photons become constantly (Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002) Models with top heavy initial mass
function or very metal-poor stars can reproduce EW larger than ~300Å if the age of star formation is younger than
a fewtimes106 yr With the solar metallicity models with Salpeter IMF are difficult to reproduce such large EW even
much younger age less than 1 Myr (Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Scaerar 2003) In the most extreme case very high
EW objects (gt500Å) are hard to explain without primordial stars with the metallicity less than 10-5
(eg Malhotra
amp Rhoads 2002 Dijkstra amp Wyithe 2007) It would be even possible to detect signatures of population III (POPIII)
metal-free stars among the extremely large EW LAEs
We present the properties of large EW Lyman-alpha emitters in the high-density region at z=31 in and around
the SSA22 fields (Steidel et al 1998 1999 2000 Hayashino et al 2004 Matsuda et al 2004) We have expanded
the previous narrow-band survey using Sprime-Cam equipped with 82m Subaru Telescope to cover in total of
~14deg2 area (Yamada et al in prep) More than 1400 LAEs down to L~167times10
42 erg s
-1 were detected We focus
on the equivalent width distributions of these LAEs to characterize the high density region of LAEs where galaxy
formation seems to occur preferentially at the epoch
Po-28
Ultrafast broadband THz response of photo-induced metallic state
in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF )2I3
H Nakaya1 Y Takahashi
1 S Iwai
12 K Yamamoto
3 K Yakushi
3 and S Saito
4
1 Department of Physics Tohoku University Sendai 980-8578 Japan
2 JST-CREST Sendai 980-8578 Japan
3 Institute for Molecular Science Okazaki 444-8585 Japan
4 Institute of Information and Communications Technology Kobe 651-2492 Japan
Photo-induced insulator to metal transition in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF)2I3
(BEDT-TTF[bis(ethylenedithio)]tetrathiafulvalene) has been investigated using mid-IR pump-probe [1-3] and
near-IR pump-terahertz(THz) probe spectroscopy [4] However the measurement range of THz spectroscopy was
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
80 |
very narrow (2-11 meV) In this study spectral range was extended to 2-36 meV (05-9 THz)
Figure 1 shows that transient absorption (OD) spectra observed for excitation intensity (089 eV 001 mJcm2)
at 124 K OD spectrum at 08 ps has a broad absorption increase exhibiting generation of the metallic state
Moreover marked change of the phonon structure at 16 meV (arrow) was detected immediately after excitation We
will discuss the low energy carrier and lattice dynamics based on the time evolution of the broad THz spectrum
[1] Iwai et al Phys Rev Lett 98 097402 (2007)
[2] Iwai et al Phys Rev B 77 125131 (2008)
[3] Yamamoto et al J Phys Soc Jpn 77 074709(2008)
[4] Nakaya et alUltrafast Phenomena XVI 173 (2008)
Po-29
Ring-Exchange interaction in Orbital Degenerate System
J Nasu (D2) S Ishihara
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Orbital degree of freedom is one of the recent attractive themes in transition-metal oxides In contrast to the spin
degree of freedom the inter-site interaction between the orbitals is anisotropic in the real space As a result a kind
of frustration termed orbital frustration is brought about A doubly degenerate eg orbital are represented by the
pseudo-spin (PS) operator T and the orbital interaction is described by the nearest neighbor (NN) exchange
interaction between PSs Due to the orbital frustration there is a macroscopic number of degeneracy in the classical
ground state This degeneracy is lifted by the thermal and quantum fluctuations This is known to be the so-called
ldquoorder by fluctuationrdquo mechanism However the NN interaction based on the perturbation with respect to the
electron transfer is not sufficient in the system which is close to the metal-insulator transition
In this study we examine the ring-exchange interaction in the orbital degenerate system with strong electron
correlation First we derive the effective Hamiltonian from the two-orbital Hubbard model by the perturbational
processes up to the order of (tU)4 where t is hopping integral of an electron and U is inter-orbital Coulomb
interaction on the same site This effective Hamiltonian has not only an interaction between NN PSs but also the
ring-exchange interaction It is worth to note this ring-exchange term includes the octupole operator Ty which does
not appear in the conventional effective Hamiltonian for orbital We analyze this model by the classical
Figure 1 Transient absorption (ΔOD)
spectra observed for excitation intensity
001 mJcm2 at 124 K
0 10 20 30
0
05
1
Fig1 Transient absorption (ΔOD) spectra observed for excitation intensity 001 mJcm2 at 124 K The solid and dashed curve indicate 08 and 25 ps after excitation
124 K
08 ps
Photon Energy (meV)
ΔO
D
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 81
Monte-Carlo method and obtain the phase diagram as functions of temperature and tU In small tU region the
antiferro-type quadrupole (AFQ) order is realized by the thermal fluctuation We find that the canted quadrupole
order is stabilized by the ring-exchange interaction The octupole order appears in large tU region Next to clarify
the quantum effect on the ring-exchange interaction we analyze this model by the Bethe approximation the exact
diagonalization method and the spin-wave approximation We reproduce the AFQ order the canted quadrupole
order and the octupole order In the large tU region we find the quantum para-orbital state which is also confirmed
by the spin-wave approximation
This work is financially supported by Tohoku University Global COE program
Po-30
Shape Memory Effect Induced by Magnetic-Field Rotation
in MnV2O4 Spinel Compound
Yoichi Nii
Physics D1 Tohoku University
In transition metal oxides the orbital degree of freedom plays an important role in their physical phenomena
Spinel compounds are one of the typical systems to study the orbital physics in which the orbital state often gives
rise to much more interesting properties through a possible coupling with both lattice and spin degrees of freedom
MnV2O4 is a representative spinel compound where the orbital-spin coupling is predicted to exist in the nearly
triply degenerate t2g orbital at V3+
sites In this compound a structural phase transition from cubic to tetragonal
(agtc) occurs at Ts = 57K accompanying a ferrimagnetic transition [1] Even above Ts the structural phase
transition can also be induced by the application of a magnetic field via the spin-orbit coupling Below Ts the
tetragonal domain can be aligned by a magnetic field [1] In this research the distribution of the cubic and the three
types of tetragonal domains (c[100]cubic [010]cubic [001]cubic) has been controlled by the combination of
magnetic-field sweep and rotation By rotating the magnetic field from [100]c to [010]c below Ts a single
tetragonal-domain state with c[100]cubic successfully switched to another single-domain state with c[010]cubic By
oscillating the magnetic field direction between [100]cubic to [010]cubic the system showed a strain-angle hysteresis
loop In addition a multi-domain state of these two tetragonal domains is also obtained in a tetragonal phase
induced by a magnetic field along [110]cubic at 57K Combining these processes a magnetic-field induced shape
memory effect without temperature variation has been successfully demonstrated
[1] T Suzuki K Katsumura K Taniguchi T Arima and T Katsufuji Phys Rev Lett 98 127203 (2007)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
82 |
Po-31
The ω meson photoproduction on the nucleon in the threshold region
Ryo HASHIMOTO
Physics D3 Tohoku University
The ω meson is one of the vector meson its spin parity is 1―
Studying near-threshold ω- meson
photoproduction is interesting theme to search for new baryon resonance states Recently the CLAS
collaboration reported that a missing baryon state JP = 52
+ contributes to ω- photoproduction around incident
photon energy of 2 GeV Paying attention to other vector meson production near threshold region the anomaly
of the cross section near threshold region is observed for φ-photoproduction by the CLAS collaboration A local
maximum appeared around Eγ = 2 GeV It is interesting that such a local peak is observed or not observed for
ω- photoproduction The detailed cross section data is needed for these investigations Currently there are a few
data of ω-photoproduction cross section We measure it from threshold up to 1145 MeV
We have already done some experiments with 4π EM calorimeter complex FOREST at Gev-γ experimental hall
in Laboratory of Nuclear Science (now Research Center of electron Photon Science) 750 ndash 1150 MeV
bremsstrahlung photon is exposed to a cryogenic liquid H2D2 target We detect 3 photons decayed from ω meson
generated in the reaction of γN rarrωN ω rarr π0γ rarr 3γ and measure their energy and out-going direction for
reconstruct an invariant mass In a π0γ invariant mass distribution we can find an ω meson peak clearly
The invariant mass of π0γ
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 83
P0-32
Prototype fast imaging detector for YN-scattering
Ryotaro Honda
Physics M1Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
84 |
Po-33
Ground state phase diagram of graphene in a high Landau level
A density matrix renormalization group study
Tatsuya Higashi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 85
Po-34
Investigation of the n ( K0) reaction near the threshold
KFutatsukawa for the NKS2 collaboration D3
Department of Physics Tohoku University Japan
Kaon photoproductions play an important role in the investigation of meson-baryon coupling the structure of
hadrons and search for missing resonances The n ( K0 is a unique process and a key for the investigation on
kaon photoproductions The reactions are (1) since no charge is involved in the initial and final state the t-channel
Born term doesnrsquot contribute (2) since it is the mirror channel of p ( K reaction the coupling constant of the 0
exchange in u-channel change its opposite sign
Therefore we have constructed the Neutral Kaon Spectrometer (NKS2) at the Laboratory of Nuclear Science
Tohoku University (LNS-Tohoku) which can provide tagged photons near the threshold of this reaction NKS2
consists of a dipole magnet with 042 Tesla at the center and TOF counters two types of drift chambers The target
is a liquid deuterium for the investigation into the elementary process of the n ( K0 reaction The acceptance of
NKS2 covers the very forward region making it possible to measure much larger kinematical region for K0 and to
provide the angular distribution for the comparison of the theoretical calculations NKS2 has the large acceptance
against not only +
- decay mode from K
0 but also p
- decay mode from It makes possible to measure the K
0
coincidence events Thus we can provide the cross sections of not only the single K0 events but also the K
0
coincidence events
We will present the performance of NKS2 in detail and preliminary results of the K0 coincidence events in this
contribution
Po-35
Traffic flow of two lanes with a bottleneck
Sho Furuhashi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Traffic jam is an important problem because it gives the society heavy economic losses In order to untie it we
have to understand traffic currents on road networks Many people have studied traffic currents on road networks
with models There are many models which represent traffic currents Cellular automaton (CA) model is a simple
model of them On a one dimensional lane a fundamental diagram of this model a relation between traffic flow
and vehicle density shows a similar characteristic of actual observed traffic currents Because of this similarity it is
a simple way to use CA model on road networks But road networks are more complex than one dimensional lanes
We have a question whether CA model is suitable for road networks or not
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
86 |
A road network is drawn by representing an intersection as a node and a road as a link When we think the traffic
currents of road networks intersections have important effects At an intersection cars on a lane block cars on the
other lanes So an intersection is recognized as a bottleneck Road network consists of bottlenecks We have to
research the effects of bottlenecks to understand the traffic currents of road networks
We study a traffic current of a simple bottleneck It is a two-lane circuit a part of which is one lane In this
system cyclic changes of the passing direction are observed Many people have studied this system with CA model
and got some results But they have not compared the traffic current of CA model on this system with an actual
traffic current So we do this comparison and check the utility of this model If this utility is confirmed it is a
proper way to use this model on road networks
Actual traffic currents were recorded at two points a corner of a road surrounding the Sendai Castle and the
Ryuujin Bridge near Kurogami Campus of Kumamoto University with a video camera The number of lanes is
reduced from two to one at these points We compared these records with the current of CA model by using a
distribution and a cycle correlation of the number of passing cars in a cycle of changes of the passing direction
The results are as follows Their distributions are exponential distributions They show no cycle correlation
From these results we can say that they are under Poisson Process and CA model reproduces an actual traffic
current
However a problem is left It is whether we can get same result in larger traffic volume or not To say that CA
model is suitable for the traffic current on road networks we have to confirm that we get same result regardless of
traffic volume This is an issue which remains to be solved
Po-36
Staggered Order with Kondo and Crystalline Field Singlets
in f2 System
Shintaro Hoshino Junya Otsuki and Yoshio Kuramoto
Department of Physics Tohoku University
With two localized f-electrons per site as in the case with Pr and U compounds the ground state of a solid can
be a collection of crystalline electric field (CEF) singlets plus the Fermi sea of conduction electrons If the
f-electrons interact strongly with conduction electrons the ground state can also be a collective Kondo singlet
Competition between these two singlets may give rise to rich physics with exotic ordered phases We propose a
novel staggered order of these two kinds of singlets by using a model with CEF singlet-triplet states and conduction
electrons which are connected together by the Kondo coupling We have performed highly accurate numerical
calculations using the dynamical mean-field theory combined with the continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo
method With one conduction electron per site we have found a metal-insulator transition temperature below which
the staggered singlet order emerges
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 87
The figure shows the local density of states in the ordered phase It shows a peak below the Fermi level at a
sublattice for Kondo singlet and a vacant peak at another sublattice for CEF singlet This indicates that the
conduction electrons gather at the Kondo singlet site in order to screen localized moments These two peaks add up
to a double peaked structure as in Kondo insulators We discuss possible relevance of the results to understanding
actual systems such as PrFe4P12 and URu2Si2
Figure Local density of states at the (a) Kondo singlet site and (b) CEF singlet site The band width of conduction
electrons is given by 2D
Po-37
Proton elastic scattering of 9C at 290 MeV
Yohei Matsuda
Physics Assistant professor Tohoku University
In order to understand nuclear properties it is important to get information on various shapes of unstable nuclei
as density distributions Therefore it has been expected to measure proton elastic scattering on unstable nuclei at
intermediate energies In particular the incident energies around 300 MeVnucleon are the most suitable because
the proton has the longest mean free path in nuclei For several years we have been developing an apparatus that
consists of beam detectors a solid hydrogen target and recoil proton detectors And we performed these
experiments which were the first at the energy region at the HIMAC facility in the NIRS
As for these experiments we focused on isotopes of carbon because the mass number varies widely from 9 to 22
and density distributions are different dramatically Among these 9C has two characteristics because of its small
proton separation energy (13 MeV) and no bound excited state One is a candidate of a proton halo nucleus and the
other is an experimental advantage that it is possible to separate elastic scattering events from inelastic scattering
events by charge identification of scattering particles Then we chose 9C as the first object
The differential cross section for 9C at 290 MeV is obtained in the momentum transfer region of 1 to 2 fm
-1 The
absolute value is determined by measuring proton elastic and inelastic scattering to the first 2+ excited state of
12C
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
88 |
at 410 MeVnucleon Error bars include systematic and statistical errors and the latter mainly contribute to the
uncertainty Compared with 12
C data the angular distribution does not show a clear diffraction minimum
In the present study the angular distribution is compared with microscopic model calculations Optical model
description is performed with the RIA and the G-matrix approximation Description of nuclear structure is done
with the RMF and the AMD The unclear diffraction minimum is comparatively reproduced by the RMF It is
considered that this reproduction is derived from that the tail of the proton distribution grows longer than that of the
AMD result Though more detailed discussion could be done in comparison with more backscattering data a lack
of data and an inaccurateness of nuclear reaction models at the angle make it difficult In future it is desired to
improve these two points
Po-38
High Resolution and High Statistics Λ Hypernuclear Spectroscopy
by the (e ersquoK+) Reaction
Akihiko Matsumura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Λ hypernuclear spectroscopy by the (eersquoK+) reaction is a powerful tool to investigate ΛN interaction because
this reaction excites various states up to deep inside of hypernucleus and sub-MeV resolution can be achieved
thanks to the high quality primary electron beam from CEBAF at Jefferson laboratory (JLab) The second
generation hypernuclear spectroscopy at JLab Hall C E01-011 was successfully performed in the summer of 2005
introducing High resolution Kaon Spectrometer (HKS) and a new configuration for scattered electron spectrometer
These unique techniques significantly improved both energy resolution and hypernuclear tagging efficiency and we
succeeded to study various hypernuclei
12
ΛB precise p-shell hypernuclear structures were measured and the binding energy and cross section were
compared with the shell model calculation with DWIA
28
ΛAl The first hypernuclear spectroscopy beyond the p-shell by the (eersquoK+) reaction was executed and
major shell structures were observed The results were compared with the shell model calculation with DWIA
7ΛHe The first spectroscopic investigation of
7ΛHe which is one of the unique neutron rich hypernuclear by
(eersquoK+) reaction was carried out successfully The result provides new information on ΛΣ coupling and charge
symmetry breaking
with high resolution and sufficient statistics for the first time by this reaction The analysis is now in the final stage
and systematic errors of binding energy and cross section were estimated with a help of the detailed Monte Carlo
simulation The overview and the analysis result of E01-011 experiment will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 89
Po-39
External Gamma-ray Backgrounds of the KamLAND Detector
Yukie Minekawa
Physics D2 Tohoku University
The KamLAND detector is a scintillation detector for neutrino measurement located in the Kamioka mine It
consists of the inner detector with radius of 9 meters and the outer detector The inner detector has 1000 tons liquid
scintillator at the center and it is a detection part of neutrino events
The liquid scintillatior is surrounded by mountain rocks and the KamLAND components such as PMTs EVOH
films Kevlar strings stainless and so on They contain some amount of radioactive impurities Their radiations are
detected by KamLAND and are backgrounds of neutrino events Especially gamma rays are serious since they
travel long distance A lot of them are able to get into the liquid scintillator
It needs to estimate the amounts of these backgrounds and their position dependences in order to distinguish
neutrino events This requires simulations of radiations with the detector geometry considered
For these simulations geant4 a tool for particle simulations is used The radiations are generated from each
surroundings and their energy deposits are constructed as events detected in KamLAND Compared with
KamLAND data the amounts of the backgrounds from surroundings are be able to estimated Their position
dependences enable us to know the effects of them in the fiducial volume
Po-40
Higgs Triplet Model
Yusuke Motoki
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Standard Model (SM) of particle physics is one of the most successful theory Most of the collider
experiment result can be explained in the framework of the SM However in 1998 Super-Kamiokande
experiment discovered that the neutrinos have very small masses In the SM the neutrinos are massless
particles We must consider the new model which the neutrinos have masses In the Higgs Triplet Model (HTM)
which is simplest extension of SM a complex SU(2) triplet scalar field with the hypercharge Y = 2 is added to
SM Lagrangian in order to have the neutrino masses This model generates the Majorana neutrino masses via
the Yukawa couplings of the triplet scalar field Yukawa couplings of triplet scalar field product lepton flavor
violating decays and etc The decays are searched for at the B
factory
A distinctive point in the HTM is that doubly charged Higgs bosons exists The decays of this particles are
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
90 |
particular processes If doubly charged Higgs bosons mass is relatively light it will be produced at the CERN
Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
In this Poster Session Irsquod like to explain the relations between the HTM and collider experiments
Po-41
Electron diffraction study of the low temperature phase of
Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16
Daisuke Morikawa
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Recently the high quality single crystal of Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16 has been successfully made by
high-pressure synthesis and the metal-insulator transition keeping ferromagnetism was formed at 95K [1] This
phenomenon is very rare in the strongly-correlated electron materials The crystal structure of the low temperature
phase and the origin of the metal-insulator phase transition have been unclear yet The purpose of this study is to
examine the phase transition at the nano-scale area of K2Cr8O16 using Convergent-beam electron diffraction
(CBED) and Selected-area electron diffraction (SAED)
Single crystals of K2Cr8O16 were prepared by Mr Hasegawa and Prof Ueda ISSP University of Tokyo using
high-pressure synthesis The electron diffraction experiments were conducted using a JEM-2010FEF transmission
electron microscope equipped with an in-column omega-type energy filter Intensities of electron diffraction were
recorded on imaging plate The accelerating voltage of electron microscope was 100kV The electron diffraction
patterns were obtained at specimen temperature of 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Figure 1 shows energy-filtered CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
In this figure Zeroth order Laue zone (ZOLZ) reflections are shown It is clearly shown that the structure transition
is not occurred at low temperature phase The [001] [111] and [201] incidence SAED patterns were also taken and
shows no structure transition at low temperature
[1] K Hasegawa et al Phys Rev Lett 103 146403 (2009)
Figure 1 The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively Every patterns show m symmetry
and there no difference
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 91
Po-42
Light scattering by collective excitation of phonon
in quantum paraelectrics
Ryuta Takano
Physics D1 Tohoku University
SrTiO3 and KTaO3 are typical perovskite-type oxides The polarization arrangement in these materials is thought
to be disturbed by the zero point vibration though they have a ferroelectric phonon mode that softens at the Γ point
As a result they do not undergo a ferroelectric phase transition so these materials are often called Quantum
paraelectrics The normal phonon-phonon scattering where the momentum is conserved is thought to become
predominant at the Γ point due to the anharmonic interaction between the long wave-length phonons of the soft
transverse optic and the acoustic modes Gurevich and Tagantsev expected the existence of the second-sound wave
(compression wave of the phonon gas) from the above-mentioned speculation in SrTiO3 and KTaO3 [1] We have
observed a scattered peak that looked like the sound wave (which was called Broad doublet (BD)) at 30K or less in
SrTiO3 and at 20K or less in KTaO3 in our low frequency light scattering experiment [Figure 1] Since the origin of
the BD is still controversial it is important to understand more systematically the collective excitation of phonon
by the analysis on low frequency elementary excitation in quantum paraelectrics Therefore we aimed to
understand the temperature dependence of the relaxation times (τNτR) of the ldquoNormal processrdquo (in which the
momentum is preserved in the phonon-phonon scattering) and the ldquoResistive processrdquo (of considering all scattering
that contributes to dissipative energy transport by phonon and lattice imperfection or impurities) from the spectrum
analysis based on the extended thermodynamics [2]
Figure 2 shows the temperature dependences of τN and τR determined by fitting that uses the extended
thermodynamics The horizontal and vertical axes measure the temperature and the angular frequency respectively
Both axes are logarithmically scaled ω0 denotes the natural frequency of the second-sound wave The conclusion
from the analysis is as the followings
1 A narrow quasi-elastic scattering component in the high temperature region is a light scattering spectrum by
thermal diffusion It has been understood that the frequency of the resistive process falls when lowering the
temperature in SrTiO3 and this thermal diffusion mode (the second-sound wave that over dumped) shifts to the
second-sound wave (propagating mode)
2 It cannot be said that the phonon gas is in the state of the collective excitation in the observation scale of the
actual experiment It should be interpreted that the observed BD for KTaO3 only as the second order Raman
scattering involving pairs of individual phonons
[1] VLGurevich and AKTagantsev Sov Phys JETP 67 206 (1988)
[2] Djou JCasas-Vacuteazquez and GLebon Extended Irreversible thermodynamics (Springer 2001) 3rd ed
Figure The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Every patterns show m symmetry and there no difference
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
92 |
Figure 1 Light scattering spectrum of SrTiO3 and KTaO3 Figure 2 Temperature dependence of τN and τR
Po-43
Formation of the Milky Way Based on the Analysis of Kinematics and
Chemical Abundance of the Outer Halo Stars
Miho Ishigaki
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
How galaxies in the Universe came into existence remains one of the big questions in astronomy It is now
widely recognized that our own Milky Way (MW) Galaxy serves as a unique laboratory to examine mechanisms at
which our Galaxy as well as galaxies in general formed and evolved One important advantage of studying our
Galaxy is that because of its proximity one can measure position velocity and chemical abundance of individual
stars in the solar neighborhood which can be used as a fossil record of the early Galaxy
As an attempt to constrain how our Galaxy formed we study chemical abundance of old stars whose orbits
reach the outer part of the Galactic stellar halo Because of their unusual orbital velocity these outer halo stars are
considered as possible candidates for debris of small galaxies that have been disrupted either partly or totally
during the course of accretion on to the MW in the past In the poster we present the results of our abundance
analysis for the sample of 57 outer halo stars using the data obtained with High-Dispersion Spectrograph mounted
on the Subaru telescope Our detailed abundance results for the key elements including Magnesium Calcium Iron
etc support the hypothesis that the certain fraction of the MW outer stellar halo have built up by accretions of
smaller galaxies as previously suggested from studies based on lower resolution spectral data
Figure The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Every patterns show m symmetry and there no difference
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 93
Po-44
Searching for Luminous Core-Collapsed Supernovae
in a High-z Proto-Cluster
Nana Morimoto
Astronomy D1 Tohoku University
It has been revealed that SSA22 region at redshift z=31 is an extremely high density region of LAEs (LyA
emitters) In addition to this star formation in this region is supposed to be biased to very large mass from the
evidence such as a large number of large LyA EW objects Therefore core-collapsed supernovae (SNe) of massive
stars are expected to occur frequently in this region While SNe has not been detected beyond zgt2 to date it is very
important not only to detect core-collapsed SNe at z=31 but also to obtain any useful information to understand
star formation in early universe So we estimated the expectation of observing core-collapsed SNe in SSA22 region
at z=31 based on our own sample of star-forming galaxies and carried out preliminary observations and data
analysis to search for variable objects to investigate the detectability of core-collapsed SNe at high-z by searching
for variability of LAEs in this region
Po-45
A Study of Light Curves from Rapidly Rotating Neutron Stars
Kazutoshi Numata
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
The launch of the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) brought many discoveries in the physics of neutron
stars Periodic millisecond X-ray oscillations have been detected in 22 accreting neutron stars in low-mass X-ray
binary systems (hereafter we refer to these accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar as AMXPs) Accretion-powered
millisecond oscillations have so far been detected in 10 AMXPs The oscillation can be always detected in 7
AMXPs of 10 AMXPs and 3 others can be detected intermittently
The light curves for X-rays emitted from neutron stars have various information which are the stars radius
mass spin frequency inner structure of the stars circumstellar region observer inclination and so on We mainly
consider AMXPs and compare their properties to light curves calculated by assumed models
AMXPs have several properties The main properties are small amplitudes sinusoidal pulse shapes variable
oscillation amplitudes variable pulse phases The fractional rms amplitudes of the accretion powered oscillation are
about 1-2 in most AMXPs And observed light curves have nearly sinusoidal pulse shapes and the fractional rms
amplitudes of fundamental is usually tenth times larger than first overtone component
Andersson (1998) proposed that r-mode are excited by gravitational wave radiation R-modes are waves
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
94 |
propagated in neutron stars So it is important to think r-mode on surface of the neutron star Therefore we use the
model of R-mode plus hot spot model (RS model) to calculate light curves from the neutron stars This model is a
new model There have been models to assume only r-modes and to assume only hot spots so far but there have
never been models that r-modes and hot spots are assumed simultaneously
The hot spot locate on the surface of the neutron star and dont interact with r-mode thermally This r-mode is
the wave in a rotating and magnetized neutron star (Lee 2009) The neutron star is assumed to be threaded by a
dipole magnetic field which strength B0 at the surface is 1010
G This strength of 1010
G is typically value in
low-mass X-ray binary systems It is calculated in a neutron star model composed of a fluid ocean a solid crust
and a fluid core The fluid core is treated to be non-magnetic to assume that magnetic pressure is much smaller than
the gas pressure there
In addition to fitting to the present observation we researched what light curves can be observed And we also
researched whether we can detect the oscillation due to r-mode if it exist in neutron stars We found that its
detectability is strong enough in present observation accuracy The oscillation have never observed yet But if it is
detected information about neutron stars inner structure will be also derived
Po-46
CMB Bispectrum from the Second-Order Cosmological Perturbations
Daisuke Nitta
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
We calculate the bispectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature anisotropies induced
by the second-order fluctuations in the Boltzmann equation In this poster we consider the terms that are products
of the first-order perturbations and leave intrinsically second-order terms and perturbations in the recombination
history
We show that the bispectrum has the maximum signal in the squeezed triangles similar to the local-type
primordial bispectrum as both types generate non-linearities via products of the first-order terms in position space
However detailed calculations show that their shapes are sufficiently different the cross-correlation coefficient
reaches 05 at the maximum multipole of l_max~ 200 and then weakens to 03 at l_max~ 2000 The
differences in shape arise from (i) the way the acoustic oscillations affect the bispectrum and (ii) the second-order
effects not being scale-invariant This implies that the contamination of the primordial bispectrum due to the
second-order effects (from the products of the first-order terms) is small The expected signal-to-noise ratio of the
products of the first-order terms is ~ 04 at l_max~ 2000 for a full-sky cosmic variance limited experiment
We therefore conclude that the products of the first-order terms may be safely ignored in the analysis of the
future CMB experiments The expected contamination of the local-form f_NL is f^local_NL~ 09 at
l_max~ 200 and f^local_NL~ 05 at l_max~ 2000
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 95
Po-47
General Properties of Non-Radial Pulsations
Aprilia
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
Po-48
A Study on Mathematical Fuzzy Logic
Ahmad Termimi Bin Ab Ghani
Mathematical institute Tohoku University
We study some important properties of mathematical fuzzy logic based on the logical systems BL and BLforall
(basic fuzzy propositional and predicate logic) such as computational complexity of fuzzy propositional calculi We
also discuss arithmetical complexity issues which treat the degrees of undecidability of fuzzy predicate calculi
Finally we investigate some open problems concerning the arithmetical complexity on monadic logic and the
corresponding Σ1-completeness (Π1- completeness)
Reference
[1] Haacutejek P Godo L Esteva F A complete many-valued logic with product conjunction Arch Math Logic 35
(1996) 191-208
[2] Haacutejek P Metamathematics of fuzzy logic Kluwer 1998
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
96 |
[3] Haacutejek P Fuzzy logic and arithmetical hierarchy III Studia logica 68 (2001) 129-142
[4] Haacutejek P Monadic fuzzy predicate logic Studia logica 71 (2002) 165-175
Po-49
Some space-time integrability estimates of the solution for heat
equations in two dimension
Norisuke Ioku Mathematical institute Tohoku University
Po-50
Well-posedness for Navier-Stokes equations in modulation spaces with
negative derivative indices
Tsukasa Iwabuchi
Mathematical institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 97
Po-51
The soul conjecture for Riemannian orbifolds
Naoki Oishi
Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
In 1994 Perelman solved the Cheeger-Gromoll soul conjecture ldquoIf a smooth non-compact complete Riemannian
manifold M of nonnegative curvature has positive curvature at a point then its soul is an one point set
Consequently M is diffeomorphic to a Euclidean spacerdquo But he couldnt generalize the theorem to Alexandrov
spaces We show an analogous result to the theorem for Riemannian orbifolds which belong to Alexandrov spaces
Po-52
A new approach to the existence of harmonic maps
Toshiaki Omori
Mathematical Institute D2 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
98 |
Po-53
Stability of the interface of a Hele-Shaw flow with two injection points
Michiaki Onodera
Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 99
Po-54
THE ISOMORPHISM BETWEEN MOTIVIC COHOMOLOGY AND K-GROUPS FOR EQUI-CHARACTERISTIC REGULAR LOCAL
RINGS
Yuki Kato
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-55
Bifurcations in semilinear elliptic equations on thin domains
Toru Kan
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-56
ON THE CURVATURE OF THE PSEUDO-VOLUME FORM
DEFINING THE CARATH_EODORY MEASURE
HYPERBOLICITY
Shin Kikuta
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
100 |
Po-57
Goumldels Incompleteness Theorem Recursively Axiomatizable Theories
and Medvedev Degrees of Unsolvability
Takayuki Kihara
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 101
Po-58
Hypergeometric series on a p-adic field
Kensaku Kinjo
Mathematical Institute Tohoku Univercity D2
Po-59
On Hasse principle of purely transcendental extension field
in one variable
Makoto Sakagaito
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
The map from the Brauer group of a global field to the product of the Brauer groups of the completions (the
local-global map) is known to be injective This classical result is called the Hasse principle In the case of positive
characteristic global fields are algebraic function fields in one variable over finite fields Related to this classical
result I studied the question of whether the Hasse principle holds in the case where the field is a purely transcendental
extension in one variable of any field Assuming a certain property of the edge map of a certain Leray spectral
sequence I ascertained the result that the local-global map of a purely transcendental extension field restricted to a
certain subgroup is injective In the case where m is a natural number prime to the characteristic of the ground field
the subgroup contains the m-torsion-part of the Brauer group of the purely transcendental extension field In the case
where the ground field is a perfect field the subgroup coincides with the Brauer group of the purely transcendental
extension field
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
102 |
Po-60
Large time behavior of solutions for system
of nonlinear damped wave equations
Hiroshi Takeda Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
We consider the Cauchy problem for a system of semilinear damped wave equations with small initial dataWe
derive the asymptotic profile of the nonlinear system corresponding to the results for the nonlinear single equation
and we obtain the sufficient condition of the growth order on the nonlinear term to ensure the existence of the
solution with the optimal decay Our proof is based on the analysis for the fundamental solutions of the linear
damped wave equation
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 103
Po-61
Non-abelian generalization of Iwasawa theory
Kazuaki Tajima
Mathematical Institute D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
104 |
Po-62
The quadratic subextension of the class field of a real quadratic field
Toshihide Doi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-63
Pattern formation by receptor-based models for regeneration
experiments on Hydra
Madoka Nakayama
Mathematical Institute D2 Tohoku University
Hydra is a small animal living in fresh water which is best known for its ability of regeneration When a hydra is
cut into two pieces two hydras will regenerate There has been several mathematical models proposed to describe
this experiment A classical model proposed by Gierer and Meinhardt in 1972 is based on the idea of diffusion-
driven instability between two chemicals called activator and inhibitor Recently Anna Marciniak proposed new
regeneration models from a more biologically refined viewpoint Her models consist of free and bound receptors
ligands and an enzyme and a head is formed at place of higher bound receptor concentration We discuss stability of
its stationary solutions It turns out that the mechanism producing non-trivial spatial patterns has a similarity with that
of MacWilliams reaction diffusion model
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 105
Po-64
The computational methods of canonical heights on elliptic curve
Tadahisa Nara
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Heights of points is numerical size of the points for certain arithmetic Canonical height is one of heights which
is defined on elliptic curves Studying canonical heights gives us information about structure of Mordell-Weil
groups In general canonical height is defined as a limit and it is not easy to compute it In the poster we introduce
more practical methods for computation by Tate and Silverman which are considered to be suitable for also
uniform estimate For an application of that we consider generators on some families of elliptic curves
Po-65
Spatial branching process in random environment
Nishimori Yasuhito
Mathematical Institute D1 Tohoku University
Po-66
On a periodic decomposition of meromorphic functions
Takanao Negishi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
106 |
Po-67
Difficulties of solving problems
Kojiro Higuchi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 107
Po-68
Undecidability and weak theory of concatenation
Yoshihiro Horihata
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-69
Daviesrsquo Conjecture for Pseudo-Schroumldinger Operators and its
Applications to Penalization Problem
Masakuni Matsuura
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
108 |
Po-70
TORSION POINTS OF ABELIAN VARIETIES WITH VALUES IN
INFINITE EXTENSION FIELDS
Yuken Miyasaka
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 109
Po-71
Maximum principle for a biological model related to the motion of
amoebae
Harunori Monobe Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
110 |
Po-72
Asymptotic behaviour of solutions to the drift-diffusion equation
in the whole spaces
Masakazu Yamamoto
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
We consider the initial value problem for the Nernt-Planck drift-diffusion equation in the whole spaces Our
model is a system of the nonlinear parabolic equation and the Poisson equation The drift-diffusion equation is a
model of the plasma dynamics The solutions of this equation stand for the density of the charges and the electric
potential We study the large-time behavior of the solution to the drift-diffusion equation by deriving the asymptotic
expansion of the solution Especially we discuss the contrast between the odd-dimensional cases and the
even-dimensional cases
Po-73
A study of the idea of systematic knowledge On the relation between
nature and spirit in the organizational view of nature
Fukuko Abe
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In the studies of the humanities and science which have become increasingly technical sophisticated and
interdisciplinary the idea of the assimilation of literature and science attracted growing academic interest in recent
years This idea naturally requires not the aggregate but systematic knowledge accompanied by a philosophy that
addresses the question of what it is that we conceive as knowledge It was the German philosophy as it evolved
during the 18-19th century which based on works on systematic or speculative knowledge attempted to establish
an organizational view of nature becoming known under the notion of natural philosophy Here nature and spirit
which were traditionally conceived as divided notions within the mechanical view on nature were now viewed in a
new light as something unified through life Although modern natural philosophy contains a large number of
difficult questions with regard to its present-day validity this study investigates based on the currents of the
organizational view on nature in contemporary philosophy the relation between nature and spirit in this particular
theoretical notion as well as the systematic knowledge itself which attempts to apprehend such an organizational
whole
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 111
Po-74
Medical technology and surrogate decision-making
Haruka Hikasa
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Consensus-building in science technology generally presumes the autonomous individual With regard to
medical technology it is bioethics which emphasizes the principle of respecting the autonomy of the individual Yet
in the case of some patients only insufficient autonomy is granted or may even be absent Consider for example
newborns suffering a serious illness or patients who are in a persistent vegetative state caused by brain death or
who suffer from dementia or mental illness Thus it appears reasonable to engage in an argumentation in order to
seek specific criteria for surrogate decision-making with regard to such incompetent patients
If a patient is not competent allowing this person to choose or to refuse treatment who should be allowed in what
fashion to make a decision in the interest of this patient In conventional bioethics standards for surrogate
decision-making are often distinguished into substituted judgment (pure autonomy) and decisions judged from what
is conceived to be in the best interest of the patient
It appears to me however that these standards involve ethical problems such as the validity of the precedent
autonomy and evaluation of the potential burden of benefits for the patient In this presentation I wish to discuss
the framework of standards for surrogate decision-making in order to make decisions on behalf of individuals
incompetent to seek decisions on their own
Po-75
Humersquos empiricism and the experimental method of reasoning
Hiromichi Sugawara
Philosophy D1 Tohoku University
David Hume was a Scottish philosopher and historian who lived in the 18th
century Humersquos work is usually
classified as the most significant work in the tradition of empiricism Empiricism is generally defined as the view
according to which knowledge and understanding derives from experience (via the senses) The methodology of
Humersquos inquiry is explicitly described in the subtitle of his famous first work A Treatise of Human Nature Being
an Attempt to Introduce the Experimental Method of Reasoning into Moral Subjects It is said that Humersquos method
of reasoning was influenced by the scientific method applied by Newton articulated in his Philosophiae Naturalis
Principia Mathematica However the influence of Newtonrsquos thought on Hume is not necessarily definite Therefore
it seems to me that Humersquos empiricism remains open to various interpretations Therefore in this presentation I
wish to demonstrate the experimental method of reasoning influenced by Newton and the empirical attitude
initially attempted by Hume
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
112 |
Po-76
Epistemic deference and transmission of knowledge
How should we (non-scientists) acquire warranted beliefs about
scientific propositions
Mariko Nihei
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Suppose I have heard that a quark is a fundamental particle from an expert in particle physics and I believe it is
true even though I do not have direct evidence or a clear notion concerning what a quark is or what counts as a
fundamental particle Then how do I know that a quark is a fundamental particle For non-scientists most of
scientific knowledge would fit this situation But at the same time it is difficult to acquire all relevant evidence
concerning particular situations by ourselves because we do not go through extensive specialized training
Moreover there is too much ldquoscientific knowledgerdquo in the world while at the same time our intellect remains too
limited Thus in this presentation drawing on recent arguments about ldquoepistemic deferencerdquo and transmission of
knowledge between non-scientists and scientists (here esp Hardwig 19851988 Brewer 19982006) I attempt to
demonstrate a possible epistemological scheme for how and when we as non-scientists acquire warranted beliefs
about technical or scientific propositions without possessing evidence for such beliefs by our own ability The
conceptual scheme which I will provide here will be useful for the practice of facilitating scientific communication
Po-77
The Finiteness of Human Beings and the Role of Technology
Ryozo Suzuki
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Human beings lead a life in uneasiness and search for something reliable Where does this feeling derive from
What does ldquoreliablerdquo refer to
In the first place organisms fight and eat each other ldquoLiferdquo (in German Leben) produces the tissues of itself and
survives after these die Human beings live in the same fashion We fight for survival kill other lives and produce
children who live over the death of their parents Parents seek the ldquodurabilityrdquo or ldquochangelessnessrdquo of themselves in
their children Hegel points out that this intuition (in German Anschauung) maintains the elementary reliability and
easiness of everyday life Therefore it seems that in here we find the reason why our deepest interest in science
technology at present concentrates on reproductive technologies
According to thinkers such as Hegel or Gehlen technology guards us against excessive emotions which derive
from ldquoliferdquo The process of life gives birth to us Yet life for itself is relevant to the existence of ldquoIrdquo as an individual
Therefore we as individuals possess a fear of death which characterizes life as a notion of ambiguity It is this
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 113
nature which generates a fundamental uneasiness in us From the point of practical significance technology
encompasses a deep relation with the hope for durability (ldquoeternityrdquo) against lifersquos changeability or ambiguity We
tend to favor artificial things which are stable and continue to exist longer than we do (in this sense Gehlen has
pointed out the reason for why human beings come to depend on petrochemistry) Therefore we may say that we
are more fetishistic than ever
Po-78
What is ethically problematic in Biogenetics
Takuma Obara
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In this presentation I will consider some of the ethical problems in biogenetics that we are confronted with
today
With the scientific breakthroughs achieved in biogenetics it will be possible to manipulate the genome Once
we obtain knowledge then there is no return to innocent ignorance If we know how to improve ourselves why
should we abstain from doing so Frankly speaking there are no reasons why we should do so Yet the point here
is that an attempt to achieve onersquos goal with the help of such technology would result in the contrary We are severe
on the difference between what belongs to a person and what does not while we highly value the former Therefore
external manipulations result in failure to gain estimation from other people
We also estimate onersquos efforts to achieve such goal even if those efforts have not been marked by success On
the contrary if one strengthens his common abilities with external manipulations such as drugs we despise such
person However if one reinforces his effort what should we do It is apparent that this person applies external
manipulations while undergoing severe experiences In other words are we able to draw a line of division between
the internal and the external within an individual Moreover should we evaluate a talent belonging to a person
without any conditionality These this presentation wishes to argue describe the actual problems which we should
consider and develop answers to once biogenetic manipulations are realized
Po-79
The ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude
Tetsurou Yamashita
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
If we conceive scientific activities radically that is in terms of the ontological structure of the human being we
may understand that science is not the primary way of our being but a modification of practical activities in
everydayness Through the ontological change from the practical attitude in which we are concerned with beings
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
114 |
(entities) in a specific context we can shift to a theoretical attitude which enables us to thematize beings clearly
from a free (independent) viewpoint The theoretical attitude is a condition for the possibility of the discovery of
beings Yet its discovery confines itself to a limited discovery for the theoretical attitude articulates various ways
of being folded wholly into the practical attitude in everydayness as the foundation for the discovery therefore it
thematizes beings from a voluntary but single viewpoint (way of being) Based on these circumstances in this
presentation I will sketch the process of the ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude while considering the
ontological significance and limits of this theoretical attitude In doing so this presentation will draw heavily on
Martin Heideggerrsquos ontological insights regarding the human being
Po-80
Risk uncertainty and the precautionary principle
How to deal with scientific uncertainty
Yasuhiko Fujio
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In the age of industrialized societies we are exposed to many risks deriving from the development of science
and technology Therefore we are in need of a risk analysis and management in order to coexist with these
numerous risks Many of these approaches addressing such risks are based on the theory of probability or statistics
yet these approaches are not always helpful
We cannot obtain full knowledge of the events occurring in the future thus we must base our risk analysis and
management on probabilistic or statistical approaches and assess the occurrence of events probabilistically or
statistically However there are some realms of science in which we cannot use such approaches because of a lack
of sufficient scientific knowledge with regard to complex phenomena like global warming Notwithstanding we
must make decisions despite such scientific uncertainty caused by insufficient knowledge of events which might
bring about crucial risks
In order to cope with such uncertainty and evade catastrophic disasters we might have to introduce a
ldquoprecautionary principlerdquo which requires that we should adopt approaches such as regulating or banning the use of
chemical substances or technology to protect the human health and the environment despite the lack of sufficient
scientific certainty
In this presentation I wish to examine the notion of scientific uncertainty with regard to complicated events
and the precautionary principle as a reasonable principle for decision making confronted with such uncertainty
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 115
Po-81
The mechanism of suppressed dynamical friction in a constant density
core of dwarf galaxies
Shigeki Inoue
Astronomy D2 Tohoku University
The dynamical friction problem is a long-standing dilemma In dwarf galaxy dynamical friction is too effective for their
globular clusters (hereafter GCs) to keep their orbital motion Nonetheless these GCs do exist even in current dwarfs However
if dwarf galaxies have a cored dark matter halo which has a constant density region in its center the dynamical friction is
significantly weakened (suppressed dynamical friction) But the mechanism of the suppressed dynamical friction has not been
clarified yet By means of N-body simulation I discuss the mechanism of the suppressed dynamical friction
Memo
Tohoku University Aobayama Campus
Aobayama Cumpus
Graduate School Faculty of Science
6-3 Aoba Aramaki Aoba-ku SENDAI 980-8578
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 3
Organizing committee
Hideo Kozono (Mathematics Tohoku Univ) Chairman
Katsuhiko Sato (Condensed Matter physics Tohoku Univ )
Yousuke Itoh (Astrophysics Tohoku Univ )
Yoshihiro Ueda (Mathematics Tohoku Univ )
Yuichi Nohara (Mathematics Tohoku Univ )
Masaki Asano (Particle Theory Tohoku Univ )
Yoshiyuki Onuki (Particle Experiment Tohoku Univ )
Takeshi Koike (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku Univ )
Hidekatsu Nemura (Nuclear Theory Tohoku Univ )
Jin Sung Park (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku Univ )
Tatsuro Yuge (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku Univ )
Tomohiro Yoshikawa (Astrophysics Tohoku Univ )
Shota Sato (Mathematics Tohoku Univ )
Yohei Matsuda ( Nuclear Experiment Tohoku Univ )
Masafumi Kurachi (Particle Theory Tohoku Univ )
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
4 |
GCOE program members
Name Affiliated Department Position TitleSpecialized field
Representative
Akihisa Inoue President of Tohoku University
Program Leader
Kunio Inoue Graduate School of Science ProfessorNeutrino Experiment
Program Members
Ken-ichi Hikasa Graduate School of Science ProfessorParticle Theory
Osamu Hashimoto Graduate School of Science ProfessorNuclear Experiment
Yoshio Kuramoto Graduate School of Science ProfessorCondensed Matter Theory
Yoshiro Hirayama Graduate School of Science ProfessorQuantum Semiconductor Physics
Hirokazu Tamura Graduate School of Science ProfessorNuclear Experiment
Masahiro Yamaguchi Graduate School of Science ProfessorParticle Theory
Riichiro Saito Graduate School of Science ProfessorCondensed Matter Theory
Hitoshi Yamamoto Graduate School of Science ProfessorParticle Experiment
Toshihiro Kawakatsu Graduate School of Science ProfessorCondensed Matter Theory
Teruya Ishihara Graduate School of Science ProfessorSolid state Photo physics
Toshio Kobayashi Graduate School of Science ProfessorNuclear Experiment
Hajime Shimizu Laboratory of Nuclear Science ProfessorNuclear Experiment
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 5
Yasuhiro Sakemi Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center ProfessorNuclear Experiment
Taka-hisa Arima Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials
ProfessorCorrelated-electron Solid State Physics
Kazuyoshi Yamada WPI and Department Physics ProfessorCondensed Spin Matter Physics
Takashi Takahashi WPI and Department Physics ProfessorPhotoemission Solid-State Physics
Katsumi Tanigaki WPI and Department Physics ProfessorSolid State Physics on Nano-Network
Solids
Hideo Kozono Graduate School of Science ProfessorMathematical Physics
Motoko Kotani Graduate School of Science ProfessorDifferential Geometry
Reiko Miyaoka Graduate School of Science ProfessorDifferential Geometry
Eiji Yanagida Graduate School of Science ProfessorNonlinear Analysis
Takashi Shioya Graduate School of Science ProfessorRiemannian Geometry
Takayoshi Ogawa Graduate School of Science ProfessorPartial Differential Equations
Toshifumi Futamase Graduate School of Science ProfessorCosmology and General Relativity
Takashi Ichikawa Graduate School of Science ProfessorExtragalactic Astronomy
Toru Yamada Graduate School of Science ProfessorExtragalactic Astronomy
Makoto Hattori Graduate School of Science Associate ProfessorObservational Cosmology
Keiichi Noe Graduate School of Arts and Letters ProfessorScience Philosophy
Kiyotaka Naoe Graduate School of Arts and Letters Associate ProfessorEthics of Science and
Technology
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
6 |
Symposium location
Aobayama Campus of Faculty of Science Tohoku University
Registration Main Lecture Hall (Feb18-19 830-1300)
Plenary Session Main Lecture Hall (Feb18-19 900-1230)
Special Session Lecture Room 203 2F ldquoSogotohrdquo Building (Feb
1600-1710)
Parallel Collaborative Research Sessions Lecture Rooms 203
204 and 205 2F ldquoSogotohrdquo Building (Feb18-19
1350-1820)
Poster Session Entrance Hall (1F2F) of ldquoSogotohrdquo Building (Feb
18 1710-1830)
Banquet Cafeteria (Feb 19 1820-2020)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 7
Scientific program
Invited speakers
Plenary session
Dr Indranil Mazumdar (Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research India)
Prof Philippe Marcq (Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie Curie Institut Curie France)
Prof Young-Woo Son (Condensed Matter Physics Korea Institute for Advanced Study Korea)
Prof Jenann Ismael (Philosophy University of Arizona USA and University of Sydney Australia)
Prof Ryushi Goto (Mathematics Osaka University Japan)
DrJean Coupon (Astrophysics Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France)
Special session
Prof Jie Meng (Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
Prof Huaizhe Xu (Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University China)
Parallel session
Assistant Prof Hojun Im (Condensed Matter Physics Hirosaki University)
MS Masahiro Futaki (Mathematics The University of Tokyo)
Dr Masahiko Igashira (Philosophy Osaka University)
httpwwwsciencewebtohokuacjpspecialgcoeis2010
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
8 |
Time Table
February 18 Thursday February 19 Friday
900
~
930
ldquoOpeningrdquo Kunio INOUE (Project Leader)
Plenary Session Main Lecture Hall
930
~
1020
Indranil MAZUMDAR
(Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental
Research India)
930
~
1020
Jenann ISMAEL
(Philosophy Univ of Arisona USA and Univ of
Sydney Australia)
1030
~
1120
Philippe MARCQ
(Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie
Curie Institut Curie France)
1030
~
1120
Ryushi GOTO
(Mathematics Osaka University Japan)
1130
~
1220
Young-Woo SON
(Condensed Matter Physics KIAS Korea) 1130
~
1220
Jean COUPON
(Astrophysics Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris
France)
1230
~
1350
Lunch
1230
~
1350
Lunch
Parallel Session Lecture rooms 203 204 and 205
Room 205 204 203 Room 205 204 203
1350
~
1420
Masaki
Asano
(Particle
Theory)
Yoshihiro
Ueda
(Mathematics)
Jinsung Park
(Condensed
Matter
Physics )
1350
~
1420
Yoshiyuki
Onuki
(Particle
Experiment)
Masahiro
Futaki
(Mathematics
University of
Tokyo)
Ken-Ichiro
Imura
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
1430
~
1500
Kazunori
Kohri
(Particle
Theory)
Yuichi
Nohara
(Mathematics)
Tatsuro
Yuge
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
1430
~
1500
Takeshi Koike
(Nuclear
Experiment)
Tatsuki
Kawakami
(Mathematics)
Katsuhiko
Sato
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
1510
~
1540
Masafumi
Kurachi
(Particle
Theory)
Shota Sato
(Mathematics)
Hidekatsu
Nemura
(Nuclear
Theory)
1510
~
1540
Masatoshi
Itoh
(Nuclear
Experiment)
Masahiko
Igashira
(Philosophy
Osaka
University)
Hojun Im
(Condensed
Matter
Physics
Hirosaki
Univiersity)
1540
~
1600
Coffee Break
1540
~
1610
Coffee Break
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 9
Special Session Room 203
1610
~
1640
Yousuke Itoh
(Astronomy)
Masaru
Yonehara
(Philosophy)
Seigo Souma
(Condensed
Matter
Physics) 1600
~
1630
Jie Meng
(Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
1635
~
1705
Huaizhe Xu
(Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University
China)
1650
~
1720
Tomohiro
Yoshikawa
(Astronomy)
Shun Sato
(Philosophy)
Ryo Nouchi
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
Poster Session Entrance hall Collaborative Research Session
1710
~
1830
Research Assistants present their research
(Posters will be exhibited until 1330 of
February 19 Fri)
1730
~
1800
Takatsugu
Ishikawa
(Physics)
Katsuhiko
Sato
(Physics)
Yousuke
Itoh
(Astronomy)
Yuri Shimizu
(Physics)
Keita
Yokoyama
(Mathematics)
Yosuke
Takubo
(Physics)
Sumio
Yamada
(Mathematics)
1820
~
2000
Banquet
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
10 |
SpeakersTitles
February 18 Thursday
0930 - Kunio INOUE (GCOE program leader) ndash ldquoOpening addressrdquo (Main Lecture Hall)
Plenary Session
Chairmen H Tamura T Kawakatsu Y Hirayama Main Lecture Hall
0930 -1020 Indranil MAZUMDAR (Chairman H Tamura)
(Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research India)
ldquoHalo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fanordquo
1030 ndash 1120 Philippe MARCQ (Chairman T Kawakatsu)
(Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie Curie Institut Curie France)
ldquoMechanics of Stress Fibersrdquo
1130 ndash 1220 Young-Woo SON (Chairman Y Hirayama)
(Condensed Matter Physics KIAS Korea)
ldquoRelativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters ndash Graphene and othersrdquo
1230 ndash 1350 Lunch
Parallel Session A - Particle Nuclear Astro-physics Group
Chairman K Hikasa Room205
1350 ndash 1420 Masaki ASANO (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoGeneral WIMP search at International Linear Colliderrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Kazunori KOHRI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoPrimordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmologyrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masafumi KURACHI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoHiggsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breakingrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Parallel Session B ndash Condensed Matter Physics Group Nuclear Physics
Chairman R Saito Room203
1350 ndash 1420 Jinsung PARK (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University )
ldquoExciton effect of Raman resonance window of single wall carbon nanotubesrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Tatsuro YUGE (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoProperties of response function of nonequilibrium steady staterdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Hidekatsu NEMURA (Nuclear Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoHyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCDrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Parallel Session C ndash Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Chairman H Kozono Room204
1350 ndash 1420 Yoshihiro UEDA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoApplication of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem for damped wave equation
with non-convexityrdquo
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 11
1430 ndash 1500 Yuichi NOHARA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoToric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systemsrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Shota SATO (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoSingular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of a Semilinear Parabolic Equationrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Special Session
Chairman O Hashimoto Room203
1600 ndash 1630 Jie Meng
(Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
ldquoCovariant density functional theory for Nuclear structure and application in astrophysicsrdquo
1635 ndash 1705 Huaizhe Xu (Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University China)
ldquoControl of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism in ZnO based
DMSrdquo
Poster Session
Entrance hall of ldquoSogotohrdquo
1710 ndash 1830 80 Research assistants present their research
February 19 Friday
Plenary Session
Chairmen K Naoe R Miyaoka T Futamase Main Lecture Hall
0930 -1020 Jenann ISMAEL (Philosophy University of Arizona USA and University of Sydney
Australia) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoA Fresh Direction for Quantum Research What Might Entanglement Be Telling Usrdquo
1030 ndash 1120 Ryushi GOTO (Mathematics Osaka University Japan) (Chairman R Miyaoka)
ldquoCalabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structuresrdquo
1130 ndash 1220 Jean COUPON (Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France)
(Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoProbing the large scale structure in the Universe with CFHTLSrdquo
1230 ndash 1350 Lunch
Parallel Session A ndash Particle Nuclear Astro-physics Group
Chairmen H Tamura T Futamase Room205
1350 ndash 1420 Yoshiyuki ONUKI (Particle Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoMeasurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle angle phi3 at Belle experimentrdquo
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
12 |
1430 ndash 1500 Takeshi KOIKE (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoHypernuclear γ-ray spectroscopy at J-PARCrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masatoshi ITOH (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoSearch for the alpha cluster condensed state in 16
0rdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University) (Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoA dipole anisotropy of galaxy distribution Does the CMB rest frame exist in the local universerdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Tomohiro YOSHIKAWA (Astronomy Tohoku University) (Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoMOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies at the Star-Forming Epoch of the Universerdquo
Parallel Session B ndash Condensed Matter Physics Group
Chairmen Y Kuramoto T Takahashi Room203
1350 ndash 1420 Ken-Ichiro IMURA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoFrom graphene to Z2 topological insulatorrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Katsuhiko SATO (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoShear-induced phase separation of complex fluidsrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Hojun IM (Condensed Matter Physics Hirosaki University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoCe 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum critical point
a resonant angle-resolved photoemission studyrdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Seigo SOUMA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Takahashi)
ldquoSpin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of Rashba effect on semi-metal surfacerdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Ryo NOUCHI (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Takahashi)
ldquoMetal-contact effect on graphenerdquo
Parallel Session C ndash Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Chairmen T Shioya K Naoe Room204
1350 ndash 1420 Masahiro FUTAKI (Mathematics The University of Tokyo) (Chairman T Shioya)
ldquoAround Homological Mirror Symmetryrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Tatsuki KAWAKAMI (Mathematics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Shioya)
ldquoOn the heat equation in a half space with a nonlinear boundary conditionrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masahiko IGASHIRA (Philosophy Osaka University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoAn Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mindrdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Masaru YONEHARA (Philosophy Tohoku University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoUtilitarianism and Rawlsrdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Shun SATO (Philosophy Tohoku University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoHusserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience in Transcendental Phenomenologyrdquo
Collaborative Research Session A
Chairman K Inoue Room205
1730 ndash 1740 Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoResearch Center for Electron Photon Science (Laboratory of Nuclear Science) Development of an
electro-magnetic calorimter made up of ceramic PrLuAG scintillatorrdquo
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 13
1740 ndash 1750 Yuri SHIMIZU (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoStudy of geo neutrinos with KamLANDrdquo
1750 ndash 1800 Sumio YAMADA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoGeometric Analysis on Einstein Equationrdquo
Collaborative Research Session B
Chairman H Yamamoto Room203
1730 ndash 1740 Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
ldquoStudy of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed matter in gravitational wave
astronomyrdquo
1745 ndash 1755 Yosuke TAKUBO (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoDevelopment of Readout Board for FPCCD Detectorrdquo
Collaborative Research Session C
Chairman T Ogawa Room204
1730 ndash 1840 Katsuhiko SATO (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoTheoretical formulation of morphology dynamics of membranes based on a combination of
mathematical models and differential geometryrdquo
1745 ndash 1755 Keita YOKOYAMA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoThe search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics from the logical and
philosophical point of viewrdquo
1820 ndash 2000 Banquet
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
14 |
Talks
Plenary Session
Talk-1 ldquoHalo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fanordquo
Indranil MAZUMDAR (Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research India)
Talk-2 ldquoMechanics of Stress Fibersrdquo
Philippe MARCQ (Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie Curie Institut Curie France)
Talk-3 ldquoRelativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters ndash Graphene and othersrdquo
Young-Woo SON (Physics KIAS Korea)
Talk-4 ldquoA Fresh Direction for Quantum Research What Might Entanglement Be Telling Usrdquo
Jenann ISMAEL (Philosophy University of Arizona USA and University of Sydney Australia)
Talk-5 ldquoCalabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structuresrdquo
Ryushi GOTO (Mathematics Osaka University Japan)
Talk-6 ldquoProbing the large scale structure in the Universe with CFHTLSrdquo
Jean COUPON (Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France)
Special Session
Talk-7 ldquoCovariant density functional theory for Nuclear structure and application in astrophysicsrdquo
Jie Meng (Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
Talk-8 ldquoControl of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism in ZnO based DMS rdquo
Huaizhe Xu (Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University China)
Parallel Session A ndash ParticleNuclearAstoro- Physics Group
Talk-9 ldquoGeneral WIMP search at International Linear Colliderrdquo
Masaki ASANO (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-10 ldquoPrimordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmologyrdquo
Kazunori KOHRI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 15
Talk-11 ldquoHiggsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breakingrdquo
Masafumi KURACHI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-12 ldquoMeasurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle angle phi3 at Belle
experimentrdquo
Yoshiyuki ONUKI (Particle Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-13 ldquoHypernuclear γ-ray spectroscopy at J-PARCrdquo
Takeshi KOIKE (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-14 ldquoSearch for the alpha cluster condensed state in 16
0rdquo
Masatoshi ITOH (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-15 ldquoA dipole anisotropy of galaxy distribution Does the CMB rest frame exist in the local
universerdquo
Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Talk-16 ldquoMOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies at the Star-Forming Epoch
of the Universerdquo
Tomohiro YOSHIKAWA (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Parallel Session B - Condensed Matter Group Nuclear Physics
Talk-17 ldquo Exciton effect of Raman resonance window of single wall carbon nanotubesrdquo
Jinsung PARK (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-18 ldquoProperties of response function of nonequilibrium steady staterdquo
Tatsuro YUGE (Condensed Matter Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-19 ldquoHyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCDrdquo
Hidekatsu NEMURA (Nuclear Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-20 ldquo From graphene to Z2 topological insulatorrdquo
Ken-Ichiro IMURA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-21 ldquoShear-induced phase separation of complex fluidsrdquo
Katsuhiko SATO (Condensed Matter Theory Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
16 |
Talk-22 ldquoCe 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum critical point
a resonant angle-resolved photoemission studyrdquo
Hojun IM (Condensed Matter Physics Hirosaki University)
Talk-23 ldquoSpin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of Rashba effect on semi-metal surfacerdquo
Seigo SOUMA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-24 ldquoMetal-contact effect on graphenerdquo
Ryo NOUCHI (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Parallel Session C - Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Talk-25 ldquoApplication of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem for damped wave
equation with non-convexityrdquo
Yoshihiro UEDA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-26 ldquoToric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systemsrdquo
Yuichi NOHARA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-27 ldquoSingular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of a Semilinear Parabolic Equationrdquo
Shota SATO (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-28 ldquoAround Homological Mirror Symmetryrdquo
Masahiro FUTAKI (Mathematics the University of Tokyo)
Talk-29 ldquoOn the heat equation in a half space with a nonlinear boundary conditionrdquo
Tatsuki KAWAKAMI (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-30 ldquoAn Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mindrdquo
Masahiko IGASHIRA (Frontier Biosciences Osaka University)
Talk-31 ldquoUtilitarianism and Rawlsrdquo
Masaru YONEHARA (Philosophy Tohoku University)
Talk-32 ldquoHusserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience in Transcendental
Phenomenologyrdquo
Shun SATO (Philosophy Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 17
Parallel Session ndash Collaborative Research
Talk-33 ldquoDevelopment of an electro-magnetic calorimter made up of ceramic PrLuAG scintillatorrdquo
Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-34 ldquoStudy of geo neutrinos with KamLANDrdquo
Yuri SHIMIZU (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-35 ldquoGeometric Analysis on Einstein Equationrdquo
Sumio YAMADA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-36 ldquoStudy of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed matter in gravitational
wave astronomyrdquo
Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Talk-37 ldquoDevelopment of Readout Board for FPCCD Detectorrdquo
Yosuke TAKUBO (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-38 ldquoTheoretical formulation of morphology dynamics of membranes based on a combination of
mathematical models and differential geometryrdquo
Katsuhiko SATO (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-39 ldquoThe search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics from the logical and
philosophical point of viewrdquo
Keita YOKOYAMA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
18 |
Poster presentations PO no Title Name
1 Coherent control of excited states by multipulse photo excitation
Kenta Abe (Physics D2 Tohoku Univ)
2 de Haas ndashvan Alphen effect studies in the Antiferro-Quadrupolar ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3
Toshiyuki Isshiki (Physics D3 Tohoku Univ)
3 Measurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum in the Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHC
Takumi Ito (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
4 In situ NMR imaging of lithium- ion batteries during chargedischarge cycle
Yoshiki Iwai (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
5 Crack propagation in largely deformed rubber sheet
Daiki Endo (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
6 Optical response of photonic crystal with multi-layered structure
Rihei Endo (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
7 Pseudo-spin Kondo effect in a capacitively-coupled parallel double quantum dot
Yuma OKAZAKI (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
8 Spin and charge dynamics in a photo-excited double exchange system
Yu Kanamori (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
9 Observation of 8B Solar Neutrinos with KamLAND
Yoshiaki Kibe (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
10 z~3 LYMAN BREAK GALAXY CLUSTER SURVEY IN SSA22 WITH VIMOS
Katsuki Kousai (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
11 EELS and SXES studies of electronic structures of Al-TM alloys
Shogo Koshiya (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
12 Comparison of membrane physical property changes between DMPC membrane and DMPE membrane induced by melittin
Atsuji Kodama (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
13 Resonant x-ray scattering experiment on Pr(Ru1-xRhx)4P12
Kotaro Saito (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
14 Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
15 Pressure dependence of B-T phase diagram in heavy-fermion superconductor CeRhSi3
Tetsuya Sugawara (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
16 Neutral meson photoproduction with electromagnetic calorimeter complex FOREST
Koutaku Suzuki (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
17 Micro-photoluminescence around spin phase transition of ν=23 fractional quantum Hall regime
Jun-ichiro Hayakawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 19
18 Ionic conductivity of Trehalose-Water-Lithium iodide mixture in glass and supercooled liquid state
Reiji Takekawa (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
19 Progress of the new DAQ system for wide-band solar neutrino observation with KamLAND
Takemoto Yasuhiro (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
20 Double Chooz PMT preparation
TABATA Hiroshi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
21 Effects of lanthanoid ion on phosphate head groups in DMPC membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures
Kouya Tamatsukuri (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
22 Status of double beta decay experiment with KamLAND
Azusa Terashima (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
23 Simulations on Dynamics of Wormlike Micellar System Using Particle-Field Hybrid Models
Masatoshi Toda (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
24 Magneto-dielectric phenomena in charge ordered system with frustrated geometrical lattice
Makoto Naka (PhysicsD2 Tohoku University)
25 Pi-mesonic decays of Λ hypernuclei
Yoji Nakagawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
26 Axionic Mirage Mediation
Shuntaro Nakamura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
27 The Study of the Origin of Lyman alpha Emitters with Large Equivalent Widths
Yuki Nakamura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
28 Ultrafast broadband THz response of photo-induced metallic state in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF )2I3
Hideki Nakaya (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
29 Ring-Exchange interaction in Orbital Degenerate System
Joji Nasu (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
30 Shape Memory Effect Induced by Magnetic-Field Rotation in MnV2O4 Spinel Compound
Yoichi Nii (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
31 The ω meson photoproduction on the nucleon in the threshold region
Ryo HASHIMOTO (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
32 Prototype fast imaging detector for YN-scattering
Ryotaro Honda (Physics M1Tohoku University)
33 Ground state phase diagram of graphene in a high Landau level A density matrix renormalization group study
Tatsuya Higashi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
34 Investigation of the n (K0) reaction near the threshold
KFutatsukawa (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
35 Traffic flow of two lanes with a bottleneck
Sho Furuhashi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
20 |
36 Staggered Order with Kondo and Crystalline Field Singlets in f2 System
Shintaro Hoshino (Physics D1Tohoku University)
37 Proton elastic scattering of 9C at 290 MeV
Yohei Matsuda (Physics Assistant professor Tohoku University)
38 High Resolution and High Statistics Λ Hypernuclear Spectroscopy by the (eersquoK+) Reaction
Akihiko Matsumura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
39 External Gamma-ray Backgrounds of the KamLAND Detector
Yukie Minekawa (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
40 Higgs Triplet Model
Yusuke Motoki (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
41 Electron diffraction study of the low temperature phase of Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16
Daisuke Morikawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
42 Light scattering by collective excitation of phonon in quantum paraelectrics
Ryuta Takano (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
43 Formation of the Milky Way Based on the Analysis of Kinematics and Chemical Abundance of the Outer Halo Stars
Miho Ishigaki (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
44 Searching for Luminous Core-Collapsed Supernovae in a High-z Proto-Cluster
Nana Morimoto (Astronomy D1 Tohoku University)
45 A Study of Light Curves from Rapidly Rotating Neutron Stars
Kazutoshi Numata (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
46 CMB Bispectrum from the Second-Order Cosmological Perturbations
Daisuke Nitta (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
47 General Properties of Non-Radial Pulsations
Aprilia (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
48 A Study on Mathematical Fuzzy Logic
Ahmad Termimi Bin Ab Ghani (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
49 Some space-time integrability estimates of the solution for heat equations in two dimension
Norisuke Ioku ( Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
50 Well-posedness for Navier-Stokes equations in modulation spaces with negative derivative indices
Tsukasa Iwabuchi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
51 The soul conjecture for Riemannian orbifolds
Naoki Oishi ( Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
52 A new approach to the existence of harmonic maps
Toshiaki Omori (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
53 Stability of the interface of a Hele-Shaw flow with two injection points
Michiaki Onodera (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 21
54 THE ISOMORPHISM BETWEEN MOTIVIC COHOMOLOGY ANDK-GROUPS FOR
EQUI-CHARACTERISTIC REGULAR LOCAL RINGS
Yuki Kato (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
55 Bifurcations in semilinear elliptic equations on thin domains
Toru Kan (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
56 ON THE CURVATURE OF THE PSEUDO-VOLUME FORM DEFINING THE CARATH_EODORY
MEASURE HYPERBOLICITY
Shin Kikuta (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
57 Goumldels Incompleteness Theorem Recursively Axiomatizable Theories and Medvedev Degrees of Unsolvability
Takayuki Kihara (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
58 Hypergeometric series on a p-adic field
Kensaku Kinjo (Mathematics D2 Tohoku Univercity)
59 On Hasse principle of purely transcendental extension field in one variable
Makoto Sakagaito (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
60 Large time behavior of solutions for system of nonlinear damped wave equations
Hiroshi Takeda (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
61 Non-abelian generalization of Iwasawa theory
Kazuaki Tajima (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
62 The quadratic subextension of the class field of a real quadratic field
Toshihide Doi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
63 Pattern formation by receptor-based models for regeneration experiments on Hydra
Madoka Nakayama (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
64 The computational methods of canonical heights on elliptic curve
Tadahisa Nara (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
65 Spatial branching process in random environment
Nishimori Yasuhito (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
66 On a periodic decomposition of meromorphic functions
Takanao Negishi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
67 Difficulties of solving problems
Kojiro Higuchi (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
68 Undecidability and weak theory of concatenation
Yoshihiro Horihata (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
69 Daviesrsquo Conjecture for Pseudo-Schroumldinger Operators and its Applications to Penalization Problem
Masakuni Matsuura (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
70 TORSION POINTS OF ABELIAN VARIETIES WITH VALUES IN INFINITE EXTENSION FIELDS
Yuken Miyasaka (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
71 Maximum principle for a biological model related to the motion of amoebae
Harunori Monobe (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
22 |
72 Asymptotic behavior of solutions to the drift-diffusion equation in the whole spaces
Masakazu Yamamoto (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
73 A study of the idea of systematic knowledge
On the relation between nature and spirit in the organizational view of nature
Fukuko Abe (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
74 Medical technology and surrogate decision-making
Haruka Hikasa (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
75 Humersquos empiricism and the experimental method of reasoning
Hiromichi Sugawara (Philosophy D1 Tohoku University)
76 Epistemic deference and transmission of knowledge
How should we (non-scientists) acquire warranted beliefs about scientific propositions
Mariko Nihei (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
77 The Finiteness of Human Beings and the Role of Technology
Ryozo Suzuki (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
78 What is ethically problematic in Biogenetics
Takuma Obara (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
79 The ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude
Tetsurou Yamashita (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
80 Risk uncertainty and the precautionary principle How to deal with scientific uncertainty
Yasuhiko Fujio (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
81 The mechanism of suppressed dynamical friction in a constant density core of dwarf galaxies
Shigeki Inoue (Astronomy D2 Tohoku University)
82
83
84
85
86
87
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 23
Abstracts of Talks
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
24 |
Plenary Session
Talk-1
Halo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fano
Indranil Mazumdar
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai 400 005 India
Abstract
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 25
Talk-02
Mechanics of stress fibers
Abstract
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
26 |
Talk-03
Relativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters - Graphene
and others
Young-Woo Son
Korea Institute for Advanced Study
Abstract
Over the last thirty years researchers from various disciplines have interested in the physical properties of
carbon allotropes Half a decade ago a new carbon crystal called graphene was isolated Graphene a hexagonal
lattice of carbon atoms in the two-dimension is a condensed matter realization of the relativistic two-dimensional
Dirac equation After the successful isolations graphene has shown a cornucopia of interesting new physical
phenomena with an exponentially increasing literature The subtle interplays between electronic magnetic optical
geometrical and chemical properties in graphene have offered knotty riddles in various experiments as well as
various theoretical predictions to be verified Beyond its pure scientific thrusts there have been interests in radical
alternatives made of graphene to the conventional electronic devices In this talk I will discuss my recent works as
well as recent progress made in this exciting and fast moving field
Talk-04
Fresh Directions for Quantum Research
What Might Entanglement Be Telling Us
Jenann Ismael
University of Arizona University of Sydney
Abstract
Following a suggestion of David Bohmrsquos I will explore the possibility that phenomena associated with
entanglement and complementarity in quantum mechanics intimate a fundamentally non-spatiotemporal ordering to
reality
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 27
Talk-05
Calabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structures
Ryushi Goto
Osaka University
Abstract
The problem of constructing complete Ricci-flat Einstein manifolds is important for both Physicists and
geometers When the manifolds are compact and Kahler the problem is completely answered by Calabi and Yau
While it is mysterious and difficult for non-compact Kahler manifolds In this talk I will discuss a construction of
Ricci-flat metrics on a class of non-compact Kahler manifolds whose boundary are the cone of the Einstein-Sasaki
manifolds Einstein-Sasaki manifolds are the odd dimensional Einstein manifolds and recently new examples of
irregulat Einstein-Sasaki manifolds are discovered I will show that all resolution of the cone of Einstein-Sasaki
manifolds admit complete Ricci-flat Kahler metrics in every Kahler class by solving the Monge-Ampere equation
Many examples of Ricci-flat Kahler metrics arise as the resolution of the cone
Talk-06
Probing the Large Scale Structure in the Universe with the CFHTLS
Jean Coupon
Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France Tohoku University
Abstract
This talk focuses on the present and ongoing results of the Canada-France-Hawaii Legacy Survey (CFHTLS)
Recent progresses in observational cosmology have put tight constraints on the Standard Cosmological Model but
Dark Matter and Dark Energy remain the main unsolved questions By measuring the matter power spectrum in the
Universe one is able to study the properties and evolution of the Dark content I will present two complementary
methods among the most powerful ones to explore the large scale structure in the Universe First is the probe of the
total amount of matter through weak gravitational lensing (cosmic shear) and second is the study of galaxy
clustering in the framework of the Dark Matter halo model In addition considering that photometric redshifts are
solely capable to be measured for millions of galaxies I will demonstrate why they are essential to modern
cosmology and how to estimate precise values I will explain why the CFHTLS is best suited for these kinds of
analysis and I will show the most recent results Although cosmic shear probes are a very promising tool I will
explain why it is also challenging In particular I will emphasize some of the problems faced by observers
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
28 |
Special Session
Talk-07
COVARIANT DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY FOR NUCLEAR
STRUCTURE AND APPLICATION IN ASTROPHYSICS
J Meng
School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering Beihang University
Beijing 100191 China
The covariant density functional theory (DFT) with a minimal number of parameters allows a very successful
phenomenological description of ground state properties of nuclei all over the periodic table Recent progresses on
the application of the covariant density functional theory as well as its extensions by the group in Beijing for a
series of interests and hot topics in nuclear astrophysics and nuclear structure are reviewed including the rapid
neutron-capture process ThU chronometer halo and giant halo in density dependent relativistic
Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov and neutron halo in deformed nuclei
Talk-08
Control of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism
in ZnO based DMS
Huaizhe Xu
Department of Physics Beihang University Beijing 100191 P R China
Diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) have attracted growing interest because of their rich physics and
potential for new device applications in the field of spintronics However a basic requirement for practical
applications of ferromagnetic DMS is the achievement of Curie temperatures TC well exceeding room temperature
Based on the mean field theory Dietl et al had predicted that transition-metal doped ZnO might be one of the most
prospective candidates for realizing room-temperature DMS which had stimulated a great of interesting on the
ZnO based DMS However as the evidences for both intrinsic and the extrinsic ferromagnetism of Zn1-xCoxO have
been experimentally observed the origin of the ferromagnetism was in intensive dispute In order to clear the
confusions on the structure and the ferromagnetic origin of Zn1-xCoxO we have systemically investigated the
structure and the ferromagnetism of the Zn1-xCoxO nanocrystals Our experimental results indicate that
bull The Co doping concentration in ZnO nanocrystals is only 5 The Co distribution in the nanocrystals is
inhomogeneous for the self-purification mechanism
bull The ferromagnetism of Zn095Co005O has great variations via different post-annealing treatment (O2 Ar
and H2 respectively)The variations of ferromagnetism owing to increase of Vorsquos and the formation of
Co-H-Co stable structures
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 29
bull P-type doping can improve the magnetic coupling between Co ions which is supported by the BMPs
model
bull The inhomogeneous distribution of TM may be the main reason of the current controversy in experimental
results on many of the highly crystallized DMS It should be seriously taken into account in future DMSs
study
Reference
[1] Jianjun Li Weichang Hao Huaizhe Xu et al Journal of Applied Physics 2009 106 063915
[2] Jianjun Li Weichang Hao Huaizhe Xu et al Journal of Applied Physics 2009 105 053907
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
30 |
Parallel Session A (ParticleAstronomy)
Talk-09
General WIMP search at International Linear Collider
Masaki Asano
Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Existence of dark matter in our universe has already been established by recent cosmological observation such
as the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe experiment The most plausible candidate for dark matter is a
Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) Models of the physics beyond the standard model contain a
candidate for WIMP dark matter other new particles (eg charged heavy particle X^-) and new vertices (eg
(WIMP X^- W^+)) We study the process e^+ e^- X^+ X^- WIMP W+ WIMP W^- in order to distinguish
the dark matter nature in the International Linear Collider (ILC) From the study of this process new particle
masses and parameters can be determined very accurately In particular angular distributions are the powerful
probe to investigate the spin of new particles In this study we consider candidates for WIMPs in the
supersymmetric model the little Higgs model and the inert doublet model We investigate the sensitivity of the
measurements to dark matter nature at the ILC based on a realistic Monte Carlo simulation
Talk-10
Primordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmology
Kazunori Kohri
Physics Assistant Tohoku University
Abstract
When we study phenomena occurred at the beginning of the Universe we have to have a birds-eye nature-view for
the hierarchy of physics and employ all connected fields in physics such as particle physics nuclear physics
general relativity astrophysics and cosmology Thus the GCOE program in Tohoku University should be perfect for
us to accomplish this purpose
So far we have confirmed that the standard big-bang cosmology can describe the Universe correctly as far back as
the cosmic time is one second at which big-bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) starts because theoretical predictions of
light element abundances in BBN completely agree with observations Therefore that epoch is the earliest one
after which we understand the Universe by using theoretical physics
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 31
On the other hand in modern particle physics beyond the standard model variety of new phenomena are predicted
in earlier epochs We can check if those new theories are consistent with observations by comparing light element
abundances predicted in each theory with observational data since these new theories easily affect the light element
abundances Thus BBN can verify those hypothetical theories and probe the earlier Universe
In this talk I would like to discuss recent topics in particle cosmology which relates with verifications of new
theories such as supersymmety (SUSY)
Talk-11
Higgsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breaking
Masafumi Kurachi
Physics Assistant Professor Tohoku University
Abstract
It is known that masses of elementary particles are explained by the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the
electroweak symmetry however the origin of the electroweak symmetry breaking has not been identified so far In
the Standard Model of the elementary particles the spontaneous electroweak symmetry breaking is achieved by
introducing an as yet undiscovered scalar particle (Higgs particle) and letting them have the vacuum expectation
value It is true that the Standard Model with Higgs particle is consistent with numerous numbers of experiments
which have been done so far however Higgs sector of the Standard Model itself has several theoretical problems
One of the most serious problem is the hierarchy problem which originates from the fact that the mass of the scalar
particle is not protected by the symmetry in the Standard Model Because of this many models beyondalternative
to the Standard Model has been proposed In this talk Id like to introduce a Higgsless model as an example of such
models which tries to cure the problem in the Standard Model In the Higgsless model because the Higgs particle is
removed from the Standard Model there is no hierarchy problem from the beginning As a possible new particle
which appears at a TeV scale vector meson is introduced in the model I will explain how to write down the
Lagrangian which describe this situation namely Standard Model - Higgs + vector resonance
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
32 |
Talk-12
Measurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle
angle phi3 at Belle experiment
Yoshiyuki Onuki
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Within the standard model CP violation arises due to a single phase in Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM)
quark mixing matrix Precise measurements of CKM matrix parameters therefore constrain the standard model
and may reveal new source of CP violation Various methods have been proposed to determine the unitarity triangle
angle phi3 of the CKM matrix with B-gtDX decay modes where X represents one or more light mesons In this talk
current experimental status and future prospects of phi3 measurements at Belle experiment will be summarized
Talk-13
Hypernuclear g-ray spectroscopy at J-PARC
Takeshi Koike
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Ordinary matter around us is made of at a subatomic level protons and neutrons However inside of a neutron star
there is a possibility that a matter made of strange particles as well exists These strange particles are called as
hyperons which distinguish themselves from protons and neutrons in having a strange quark or a strange quantum
number A nucleus with a hyperon(s) is then called a hypernucleus Studies of hypernucleus provide us with more
general and unified understanding of nuclear force which is one of the four fundamental forces of nature know to
mankind
Hypernuclei on Earth have artificially been created using particle beams provided by accelerators and been
actively studied experimentally The ongoing experimental efforts have entered a new phase with a commissioning
of an intense proton accelerator J-PARC in Tokai Japan since 2009 One of the main experiments that is planed
and prepared at the J-PARC facility is an ultra precise investigation of structures of various hypenuclei via the
gamma-ray spectroscopy using an array of high purity Germanium detector named as Hyperball-J
In this presentation the present status of Hyperball-J now being constructed will be reported as well as main
physics themes that the experiment strives to reveal
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 33
Talk-14
Search for the alpha condensed state in 16
O
Masatoshi Itoh
Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
34 |
Talk-15
A Dipole Anisotropy of Galaxy Distribution
Does the CMB Rest Frame Exist in the Local Universe
Yousuke Itoh
Astronomy Tohoku University
Abstract
The peculiar motion of the Earth causes a dipole anisotropy modulation in the distant galaxy distribution due to
the aberration effect However the amplitude and angular direction of the effect is not necessarily the same as those
of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) dipole anisotropy due to the growth of cosmic structures In other
words exploring the aberration effect may give us a clue to the horizon-scale physics perhaps related to the cosmic
acceleration In this paper we develop a method to explore the dipole angular modulation from the pixelized galaxy
data on the sky properly taking into account the covariances due to the shot noise and the intrinsic galaxy clustering
contamination as well as the partial sky coverage We applied the method to the galaxy catalogs constructed from
the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 6 data After constructing the four galaxy catalogs that are
different in the ranges of magnitudes and photometric redshifts we found that the two samples of fainter
magnitudes indicate a non-zero dipole anisotropy with amplitudes greater than that of the CMB dipole by a factor
10 and in the angular direction consistent with the CMB direction although the dipole signal is weaker for the other
two samples and is found sensitive to an inclusion of the Southern Galactic Hemisphere region The indicated
bulk-flow amplitude is also not inconsistent with the result implied from a stacked analysis of the kinetic
Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect of X-ray luminous clusters in Kashlinsky et al (20082009) Finally we argue that an
almost full-sky galaxy survey such as LSST may allow for a significant detection of the aberration effect of the
CMB dipole having the precision of constraining the angular direction to ~ 20 degrees in radius
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 35
Talk-16
MOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies
at the Star-Forming Epoch of the Universe
Tomohiro Yoshikawa
Astronomy Tohoku University
Abstract
Recent studies revealed that a significant fraction of stars in the present-day galaxies were formed when the age
of the universe was about a half of the present about a half of the stellar mass in the present universe is formed
during the several Gyrs In order to understand the buildup of stellar mass in galaxies at this epoch it is crucial to
examine the relationship of star formation rate (SFR) to stellar mass However fluxes from distant universe are
redshifted due to the expansion of the universe so that optical fluxes in rest-frame which provide stellar masses
and SFRs of galaxies are redshifted to near-infrared wavelengths
In this talk we present the results of near-infrared multi-object spectroscopic observations for 37 star-forming
galaxies at the high-redshift universe The observations are conducted with Multi-Object InfraRed Camera and
Spectrograph (MOIRCS) on the Subaru Telescope The sample is drawn from the Ks-band (22μm) selected
catalog of the MOIRCS Deep Survey (MODS) in the GOODS-N region To preferentially select actively
star-forming galaxies we put higher priority on the galaxies identified in the publicly available 24μm-source
catalog of the Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer (MIPS)
Hα emission lines were detected from 23 galaxies of which the median redshift is 212 We derived the SFRs
from extinction-corrected Hα luminosities and compared them with stellar masses estimated by SED fitting using
multi-band photometric data covering across UV and near-infrared wavelengths The comparison shows no
correlation between SFR and stellar mass Some galaxies with stellar mass smaller than ~1010
M show SFR
higher than ~100 M yr-1
The specific SFRs (SFR per unit stellar mass SSFRs) of these galaxies are remarkably
high galaxies which have SSFR higher than ~10-8
yr-1
are found in 8 of the present sample The large SFR
implies the possibility that the high SSFR galaxies significantly contribute to the cosmic SFR density of the
universe at z~2 We discuss the star-forming properties of the high SSFR galaxies
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
36 |
Parallel Session B (Condensed MatterNuclear)
Talk-17
Exciton effect of the Raman resonance window of
single wall carbon nanotubes
Jin Sung Park
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
In the Raman excitation profile (RRP) that is Raman intensity as functions of excitation energy an important
parameter for evaluating the population of SWNTs is the Raman resonance window which is defined by an
energy full width at half maximum in the RRP In quantum mechanics is obtained by the uncertainty relation for
the lifetime of the exciton A dominant origin of the lifetime of the exciton in the Raman scattering process is an
inelastic scattering by emitting or absorbing phonons In the previous paper we have calculated the carrier lifetime
by considering electron-phonon interaction and the Fermi golden rule [1] In the case of semicondcuting (S-)
SWNT the calculated values are in a good agreement with the experiment However some deviation between
calculation and experiment appears in a different way for type I and II S-SWNTs in which type I and II S-SWNTs
are defined respectively by [mod(2n+m3)=1] and [mod(2n+m3)=2] for a (nm) SWNT In fact the experimental
values for the type I S-SWNTs are smaller than the calculated ones while those for the type II S-SWNTs are larger
than the calculated one A possible reason for this deviation might come from the exciton effect which we did not
consider in the previous calculation For improving the deviation we calculate the value by considering
exciton-phonon interaction The exciton-phonon matrix element for the electron scattering process can be obtained
by the electron-phonon matrix element weighted by the exciton wave function coefficient [2] which depends on the
chiral angle and diameter In the previous calculation [2] we use a simple tight binding wavefunction for
exciton-phonon interaction but recently the exciton-phonon interaction is calculated by extended tight binding
method We will report the new calculated values and compare with the recent precise measurement by single
nanotube spectroscopy
Reference
1) J S Park et al Phys Rev B 74 165414 (2006)
2) J Jiang et al Phys Rev B 75 035405 (2007)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 37
Talk-18
Properties of response function of nonequilibrium steady state
Tatsuro YUGE
IIAIR Tohoku University
Abstract
Response to an external probe provides various information of a system and is one of the most important
characterizations of it In this talk we consider general properties of linear response functions of nonequilibrium
steady states We derive a microscopic expression of a linear response function for a deterministic model which
covers a wide range of nonequilibrium systems Using the expression we show sum rules and asymptotic behaviors
of it We demonstrate the properties by a molecular dynamics simulation of a numerical model We also discuss the
validity of the properties in a stochastic model
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
38 |
Talk-19
Hyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCD
Hidekatsu Nemura
Department of Physics Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 39
Talk-20
From graphene to Z2 topological insulator
Ken-Ichiro Imura
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
A topological insulator has a remarkable property of being metallic on the surface albeit insulating in the bulk
Recently much focus is on a specific type of topological insulators which is said to be Z2-nontrivial and realized as
a consequence of interplay between spin-orbit coupling and a band structure with effective relativistic dispersion
(electrons satisfy a Dirac equation) Such systems are invariant under time reversal and shows Kramers degeneracy
Graphene is a two-dimensional (2D) implementation of such Dirac electron system which also realizes a
prototype [1] of Z2 topological insulator in the presence of intrinsic and extrinsic (Rashba) spin-orbit interactions
Recently we were able characterize specific localization properties of this system in the presence of weak disorder
and under doping [2] We have shown in particular that localization symmetry class is determined by the parity of
the total number Ns of ldquoactivatedrdquo effective spins in the system Our diagnosis provides a contemporary version of
the weak localization theory
The correspondence between the physics of bulk and of the edge highlights the physics of a topological insulator
[3] To demonstrate we make a close comparison between the continuum Dirac theory and the square lattice
tight-binding model [4] for a Z2-topological insulator in 2D It is naturally shown that not only explicit but also
hidden Dirac cones in the high-energy spectrum contribute to and ensure the integral quantization of spin Hall
conductance The nature of gapless edge modes in the lattice model under different (straight vs zigzag) boundary
conditions is extensively studied We demonstrate that the edge modes of a Z2-topological insulator are susceptible
of various finite size effects in comparison with chiral edge modes of quantum Hall insulator By comparing the
behavior of gapless edge modes in real and momentum spaces we show that localizability of edge mode is
intricately related to level crossings due to projection of 2D bulk spectrum onto the 1D edge
[1] CL Kane and EJ Mele Phys Rev Lett 95 146802 (2005) ibid 226801
[2] K-I Imura Y Kuramoto and K Nomura arXiv09041676 Europhys Lett in press arXiv09075051 Phys
Rev B 80 085119 (2009)
[3] K-I Imura A Yamakage A Hotta and Y Kuramoto in preparation
[4] BA Bernevig TL Hughes and S-C Zhang Science 314 1757 (2006)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
40 |
Talk-21
Shearinduced phase separation of complex fluids
Katsuhiko Sato1)
Xue-Feng Yuan2)
and Toshihiro Kawakatsu1)
1)
Department of Physics Tohoku University Japan 2)
School of Chemical Engineering and
Analytical Science University of Manchester UK
Abstract
It is well known that complex fluids such as wormlike micellar solutions exhibit shear-induced phase separations
called shear banding [1] In such a situation the system spatially separates into two regions having high and
low shear rate values with a common shear stress The phenomenon has fascinated many investigators and has been
aggressively investigated both experimentally and theoretically
One of the most striking features of that phenomenon is that its behaviors are quite similar to those of
thermodynamic phase transitions such as liquid-vapor phase transitions despite that it is a non-equilibrium
phenomenon Examples of the similarities are (i) the appearance of a shear stress plateau in the stress-strain rate
curve (note the similarity with isotherms in the p-V plane in the liquid-vapor transition system) (ii) the
independence of the plateau value on the flow history and (iii) the existence of metastable states Although the
analogy between shear banding and thermodynamic phase transitions have been pointed out by many investigators
almost no solid theoretical explanation for these similarities has been presented up to now
Recently we have succeeded in solving this problem [2] ie we have answered to the question ldquoWhy does shear
banding behave like first order phase transitionsrdquo or ldquoCan we describe shear banding in terms of a potential just
like in the case of thermodynamic phase transitionsrdquo Starting from a mechanical constitutive model describing
shear banding which does not have any explicit thermodynamic potential we derive a quantity corresponding to
thermodynamic potentials by applying a reduction method based on the center manifold theory [3] to the governing
equation of the model The reduction method we have taken there is a general one so we can apply this method to
other constitutive models describing shear banding and there is a possibility that we reach some universality In this
talk we provide a brief review on shear banding and explain the details of our theoretical work
[1] H Rehage H Hoffmann Mol Phys 74 933 (1991)
[2] K Sato X-F Yuan T Kawakatsu Eur Phys J E in press
[3] H Mori Y Kuramoto Dissipative Structures and Chaos (Springer-Verlag Berlin 1998)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 41
Talk-22
Ce 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum
critical point a resonant angle-resolved photoemission study
Hojun IM Department of Advanced Physics Hirosaki Univerisy
Abstract
We report the systematic angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) studies of Ce-based heavy fermion compounds
CeNi1-xCoxGe2 whose ground states are change from antiferromagnetic to non-magnetic heavy fermion via
quantum critical point (QCP) Recently it was clearly observed that the Kondo resonance (KR) peaks (Ce 4f1 state)
are dispersed from above the Fermi-level (EF) and cross EF forming the diamond-shaped Fermi-surface (FS) in
non-magnetic heavy-fermion system CeCoGe08Si12 [1] The systematic Ce 4d-4f resonant ARPES studies of
CeNi1-xCoxGe2 reveal that such momentum-dependence of KR peaks exists across QCP indicating the itinerant
character of f-electrons in agreement with the results of angle-integrated photoelectron spectroscopy [2]
References
[1] H J Im et al Phys Rev Lett 100 176402 (2008)
[2] H J Im et al Phys Rev B 72 220405 (2005)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
42 |
Talk-23
Spin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of
Rashba effect on semi-metal surface
Seigo Souma
WPI-AIMR Tohoku University
Abstract
Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is known as a powerful technique to investigate the fine
electronic structure relevant to the intriguing physical phenomena in solids such as superconductivity heavy
fermions metal-insulator transition and so on This technique yet has suffered from two inherent problems
originating in the principle of PES itself namely (1) the high surface sensitivity and (2) the difficulty in resolving
the spin polarization of electrons To overcome those problems we have constructed an ultrahigh resolution
photoemission spectrometer equipped with a newly developed xenon-plasma discharge lamp and a mini-Mott
detector The xenon-plasma discharge lamp provides several intense resonance lines from xenon plasma in the
energy range of 8-11 eV which is enough to achieve high bulk-sensitivity Combined with a large hemispherical
energy analyzer and a spherical concaved grating we achieved high energy resolution less than 1 meV as a total
system in the spin-integrated mode We also have developed a compact Mott spin detector operating at 25 kV and
adapted it to the large hemispherical electron energy analyzer through an electron deflector lens We have
redesigned the analyzer and mounted the entrance of the deflector lens at a location close to the f40mm
microchannel plate (MCP) This enables the observation of electron energy and momentum by the MCP with
comparable quality to modern electron analyzers simultaneously to the electron spin measurement by the Mott
detector
In this talk we present spin-resolved ARPES experiments on group-V semimetal surfaces By using merit of
the newly developed photoemission spectrometer we clearly observed spin-splitting of energy band caused by
strong spin-orbit interaction enhanced in surface state (surface Rashba effect) which would be an essential
ingredients to design a new functional spintronics devices
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 43
Talk-24
Metal-contact effect on graphene
Ryo Nouchi
WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University
Abstract
Graphene one-atom-thick carbon sheet with a honeycomb structure have been attracting incredible attention for
its unique physical properties [1] This material shows an extraordinary high charge carrier mobility of higher than
200000 cm2 V
-1 s
-1 [2] and is considered to be a major candidate for a future high-speed transistor material In
addition graphene has shown its ability to transport charge carriers with spin conservation even at room
temperature and is regarded as a pivotal material for spintronics applications [3] In order to construct electronic
devices such as field-effect transistors (FETs) metallic materials should make a contact with the graphene layers as
is schematically shown in Fig 1 Resultant graphene-metal contacts are considered to affect device properties in a
similar way that metal-semiconductor interfaces govern the operation of conventional electronic devices through
formation of Schottkyohmic contacts In the case of metal-graphene interfaces carriers are expected to be doped
from the metal [4] and a pinning of the potential of graphene was found to occur at the contacts [5]
In this talk experimental investigations by means of a FET structure are presented Figure 2 displays typical
transfer (drain current versus gate voltage) characteristics of a graphene FET The gate voltage with a minimum
drain current can be indicative of carrier doping from the electrodes The overall shape of the characteristics
enables us to examine the potential pinning effect a simple simulation shows that distorted characteristics observed
with ferromagnetic contacts [6] is attributable to the absence of the potential pinning
[1] A H Castro Neto F Guinea N M R Peres K S Novoselov and A K Geim Rev Mod Phys 81 109
(2009)
[2] K I Bolotin K J Sikes Z Jiang M Klima G Fudenberg J Hone P Kim and H L Stormer Solid State
Comm 146 351 (2008)
[3] M Ohishi M Shiraishi R Nouchi T Nozaki T Shinjo and Y Suzuki Jpn J Appl Phys 46 L605 (2007)
[4] G Giovannetti P A Khomyakov G Brocks V M Karpan J van den Brink and P J Kelly Phys Rev Lett
101 026803 (2008)
[5] E J H Lee K Balasubramanian R T Weitz M Burghard and K Kern Nat nanotechnol 3 486 (2008)
[6] R Nouchi M Shiraishi and Y Suzuki Appl Phys Lett 93 152104 (2008)
Fig1 Schematic diagram of a graphene FET
SiO2
Highly-doped Si
Gate Voltage
Drain current
Drain voltage
A
Graphene
Metal contact
Fig2 Typical transfer characteristics
of a graphene FET
100806040200
Dra
in c
urr
ent (
mA
)
-40 0 40Gate voltage (V)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
44 |
Parallel Session C (MathematicsPhilosophy)
Talk-25
Application of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem
for damped wave equation with non-convexity
Yoshihiro Ueda
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
We consider the initial-boundary value problem for damped wave equations with a nonlinear convection term in
the half line In the case where the flux is convex it is shown that the solution tends to the corresponding stationary
wave In this talk we show that even for a quite wide class of flux functions which are not necessarily convex such
the stationary wave is asymptotically stable The proof is given by a technical $L^2$-weighted energy method and
an anti-derivative method
Talk-26
Toric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systems
Yuichi Nohara
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
A completely integrable system on a symplectic manifold of dimension 2n is a set of n functions which are
functionally independent and Poisson commuting A typical example is a moment map of a torus action on a toric
variety A completely integrable system gives a structure of foliation by Lagrangian submanifolds and this plays
an important role in mirror symmetry which is a duality in string theory (mathematically it is formulated as a duality
between symplectic geometry and complex geometry) For example mirror partners of toric varieties can be
constructed by using the moment maps
The Gelfand-Cetlin system is a completely integrable system on a complex flag manifold It is known that the flag
manifold has a degeneration into a (singular) toric variety We show that the Glefand-Cetlin system can be deformed
into a moment map of a torus action on the toric variety We also discuss some applications This talk is based on a
joint work with T Nishinou and K Ueda
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 45
Talk-27
Singular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of
a Semilinear Parabolic Equation
Shota Sato
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
We study the Cauchy problem for a semilinear parabolic equation Our concern is the existence of a singular
solution whose singularity becomes anomalous in finite time First we study the structure of singular radial
solutions for an equation derived by backward self-similar variables Using this we obtain a singular backward
self-similar solution whose singularity becomes stronger or weaker than that of a singular steady state This talk is a
joint work with E Yanagida
Talk-28
Around Homological Mirror Symmetry
Masahiro Futaki
Mathematics University of Tokyo
Abstract
Homological Mirror Symmetry (HMS for short) is a duality between complex and symplectic geometries
originally found by Maxim Kontsevich in 1994 In this talk we introduce a variant of HMS in the context of mirror
symmetry between Fano variety and Laudau-Ginzburg model and investigate some examples
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
46 |
Talk-29
On the heat equation in a half space with
a nonlinear boundary condition
Tatsuki Kawakami
Mathematics Tohoku University
Talk-30
An Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mind
Masahiko Igashira
Frontier Biosciences Osaka University
Abstract
At Osaka University we attempt to establish an interdisciplinary research area titled Cognitive Neuroscience
Robotics by closely integrating research on robotics cognitive science and neuroscience while aiming at the
creation of a new paradigm for understanding the human being and the realization of new interfaces for relieving
brain overload in the usage of highly-complicated IRT systems
In this program philosophers are engaged in the following two themes Firstly to suggest efficient methods for
creating a new paradigm from the view point of a philosophy of science while at the same time refining existing
theories within philosophy of science by examining whether these theories sufficiently contribute to our
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 47
understanding of the generating processes of new research areas Secondly philosophers approach the question of
whether the robot which can hardly be distinguished from real humans which might be produced in the future of
Cognitive Neuroscience Robotics should be recognized as having a MIND or RIGHTS
In this presentation basic conceptions and activities with regard to the second question will be discussed
Furthermore a method for approaching the complex problem of how to understand the MIND in the physical
world will be developed
Talk-31
Utilitarianism and Rawls
Masaru Yonehara
Philosophy Tohoku University
Abstract
John Rawls one of the most important political philosophers of the 20th century is a critic of utilitarianism In
utilitarianism an action is right if and only if it brings about the greatest balance of happiness over unhappiness for
everyone affected by the action otherwise it is wrong Rawls asserts that if slavery or some other system of
extreme social and economic inequalities can produce a greater balance of happiness over unhappiness than any
alternative utilitarianism condones or even commands these institutions which we normally consider quite unjust
According to Rawls his ldquotwo principles of justicerdquo condemn these unjust institutions However this criticism
against utilitarianism is incorrect And I argue that Rawlsrsquos theory has a fatal flaw his theory cannot provide good
reasons why immoral actions against the disabled are impermissible Hence the purpose of my presentation is to
demonstrate that utilitarianism can provide such reasons
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
48 |
Talk-32
Husserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience
in Transcendental Phenomenology
Shun Sato
Philosophy Tohoku University
Abstract
In this presentation I investigate a possible interpretation of Husserls phenomenological theory of perceptual
experience as a disjunctive one My study consists of four sections In sections 1 and 2 I characterize disjunctivism
as a position representing a resistance against what appears to be historically more or less orthodoxy presenting
what has been described as an argument from hallucination for this traditional view This form of argument seems
to compel us to acknowledge that our experience at large is a common factor to perception and hallucination and
therefore that our experience does not intrinsically reach worldly objects According to disjunctivists this seeming
is not the real They tell us that we have either experience if it is veridical which involves a worldly object or
experience which does not if it is not veridical hence we do not always have an intrinsically falling-short-of-world
experience They argue that we perceive in a veridical case an object which is a constituent of a real world as is
suggested they usually speak in defense of direct realism In section 3 I try to show that Husserls transcendental
idealism is not incompatible with direct realistic theory of perception looking into his conception of perceptual
intentionality evidence (or reason) and reality In the final section I take up an interpretation of Husserls view
about experience as disjunctivism provided by A D Smith to which I add my own view Finally I suggest that
Husserls disjunctivism should better be characterized as a form of epistemological disjunctivism
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 49
Parallel Session - Collaborative Research
Talk-33
Development of an electro-magnetic calorimeter made up of
ceramic PrLuAG scintillator
Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics)
Research Center for Electron and Photon Science (Laboratory of Nuclear Science)
Abstract
Quarks are fundamental building blocks of matter and they unite to configure composite particles called
hadrons Experimentally observed hadrons before 2003 can be understood as a composite of three quarks (baryons)
or that of a quark and an anti-quark (mesons) Study of exotic hadrons which are not classified as baryons or
mesons has been a subject of great interest in nuclear physics after a narrow S=1 baryon resonance (Θ+) was
observed at SPring-8LEPS for the first time The Θ+ can be a member of anti-decuplet penta-quark baryons (four
quarks and an anti-quark) with the lowest mass
After the LEPS experiment both the positive and negative results have been reported by many other facilities
Searching for other members is important to establish the penta-quark picture A narrow bump is observed at our
facility in the excitation function for η photo-production on the neutron near E~1 GeV It would be attributed to a
member of anti-decuplet baryons with hidden strangeness since no signature corresponding to this bump is
observed in η photo-production on the proton To investigate this bump precisely an electro-magnetic (EM)
calorimeter with a large solid angle and with a high energy resolution is required since the η meson is identified by
detecting two photons from its decay
A praseodymium doped lutetium aluminum garnet Lu3Al5O12 (PrLuAG) is an excellent scintillator for EM
calorimeters utilized in nuclear and particle physics It has good characteristics such as good energy resolution fast
response a short radiation length and no hygroscopicity At this moment its large single crystal cannot be
manufactured which may be used as a module for an EM calorimeter Recently a ceramic PrLuAG scintillator has
been developed by Prof Yoshikawa and Prof Yanagita in Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced
Materials Tohoku University The ceramic one is expected to be manufactured in a desired shape and to be much
cheaper than the single crystal In this talk the current status of preparing a ceramic PrLuAG scintillator dedicated
to an EM calorimeter is discussed
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
50 |
Talk-34
Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Abstract
Anti-neutrinos travel from the Earthrsquos interior due to beta decays of mainly three isotopes 238
U 232
Th and 40
K
The study of geo-neutrinos was performed using 207659-day data taken with KamLAND which is the
anti-neutrino detector contained 1000 tons of liquid scintillator (LS) The data includes 58603-day data since the
LS purification was started
The LS purification is distillation and N2 purge for LS and was performed to reduce low energy backgrounds
such as 85
Kr 210
Bi and 210
Po These isotopes were reduced by ~ 185000 ~ 12100 and ~ 116 respectively While
the LS purification reduced backgrounds it caused the decrease of light yield by ~ 20 and following the deviation
of the position and time dependence Energy and its deviation are corrected using calibration and spallation data
before the geo-neutrino analysis
Anti-neutrinos are extracted from data using the likelihood selection based on the probability density function of
anti-neutrinos and accidental backgrounds depending on those rate to use low energy region and outer volume with
many accidental backgrounds
The main backgrounds for geo-neutrinos are reactor neutrinos and 13
C(alpha n)16
O reaction The latter is
reduced by ~ 116 after the LS purification due to the reduction of the main alpha source 210
Po
The expected number of geo-neutrinos is calculated using the reference Earth model based on seismology
petrology and the BSE model It is 976 events The Rate + Shape + Time analysis was performed using these
results The best-fit of geo-neutrinos does not conflict with the expectation The accuracy of measurement was
significantly improved from the last official result Zero geo-neutrinos are excluded at over 3 sigma CL That is
the first evidence of geo-neutrinos The fully-radiogenic models of 44 TW or 31 TW were also restricted for the
first time
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 51
Talk-35
Geometric Analysis on Einstein Equation
Sumio Yamada
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
The Einstein equation states that the spacetime we live in is Ricci-flat (vacuum case) namely it is flat in the
sense that the Ricci curvature tensor of the spacetime as a Lorentzian manifold vanishes If it is simply flat then
the space becomes trivial namely the spacetime is isometric to the Minkowski space The Ricci-flatness on the
other hand allows much freedom in determining the shape of the spacetime The degree of freedom is manifest in
the nonlinearity of the Einstein equation whose structure as a system of fully nonlinear partial differential
equations has discouraged mathematicians and physicists alike for many years
In this talk we will present several aspects of current research which are different approaches to the task of
understanding the Einstein equation The first one is from the viewpoint of three dimensional Riemannian
geometry where the threefold represents the space obtained by fixing ldquotimerdquo in the spacetime The second comes
from analyzing the Einstein equation as an evolution equation of the threefold a sort of deformation theory over
time The third approach is to formulate exact solutions of the Einstein equation which often contains
singularities the ldquoblackholesrdquo
The complete understanding of the Einstein equation still remains elusive those systematic approaches have
proved to be productive in mathematics as well as theoretical physics so that there are many beautiful theories born
out of the investigations
Talk-36
Study of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed
Study matter in gravitational wave astronomy
Yousuke Itoh
Astronomical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
Among the known four forces gravity is the most weak interaction As a result it is expected that gravitational
wave astronomy will enables us to explore the new aspects of the universe which are hidden for electromagnetic and
neutrino astronomers Those include the early universe beyond the redshift ~ 1000 (the last scattering surface of the
cosmic microwave background) and properties of matter inside highly compact stars In this talk I will briefly review
the gravitational wave theory how we detect it the current status of the world-wide efforts for gravitational wave
detection and then talk about our research efforts
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
52 |
Talk-37
Development of Readout Board for FPCCD Detector
Yosuke Takubo
Department of physics Tohoku University
Abstract
FPCCD (Fine Pixel CCD) is a CCD detector whose pixel size is 5 x 5 μm2 and thickness of the sensitive layer
is 15 μm The sensitive layer of FPCCD is fully depleted to suppress the diffusion in the epitaxial layer and it
realizes good hit separation capability It is considered to use FPCCD for the high energy physics material science
and astronomy since the small pixel size realizes the excellent position resolution To establish the technology we
developed the test sample of FPCCD in 2008 whose pixel size is 12 x 12 μm2 The pixel size will be make smaller
to 6 x 6 μm2 in the second test sample in 2010 We also developed prototype of the readout ASIC to operate and
readout FPCCD
Together with the FPCCD sensor and readout ASIC development of the readout system is important issue
There are some requirements to the readout system due to characteristics of the FPCCD The readout speed must be
above 10 Mpixsec for one readout channel to read all the pixels The readout board must have ability of the data
processing like zero-suppression to reduce data sent to PC The data transfer rate to PC should be about 1 Gbps
We developed prototype of the readout board for FPCCD in 2009 The readout board is designed as
KEK-VME9U module The LVDS input and output is prepared to treat 16 x 4 channels Since a FPGA (Field
Programmable Gate Array) is equipped on the board logic for data processing could be easily modified The data
transfer rate to PC of 1 Gbps is realized by SiTCP technology in which the logic for TCPIP is embedded in FPGA
In my talk the status of development of the readout board will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 53
Talk-38
Theoretical Formulation of Morphology Dynamics of Membranes
Based on a Combination of Mathematical Models and Differential
Geometry
Yutaka Oya1)
Masatoshi Toda1)
Katsuhiko Sato1)
Toshihiro Kawakatsu1)
and
Izumi Takagi2)
1) Department of Physics 2) Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
Bio-membranes and vesicles are bilayers of lipid molecules with closed form A typical example is red blood cell
It is well known that the equilibrium shape of these membranes are determined by minimizing the following
Helfrich bending elastic energy [1]
2
02
CCdH aa
(1)
where ad is the infinitesimal area element of the membrane surface aC the local mean curvature 0C the
spontaneous curvature the bending elastic constant This energy is to be minimized among closed surfaces
having the prescribed surface area and bounding volume [2]
Although this Helfrich model is successful for equilibrium shape problems it is not easy to study dynamical
processes such as deformation fission and fusion of membranes under an external flow field or in the presence of
guest molecules such as polymers injected into the membrane In such a situation a field-theoretic approach to
Helfrich model is quite useful It is called the phase field (PF) model where the infinitely thin membrane
described by eq(1) is approximated by a finitely thin interface (topological defect) of a scalar field r [3] As
the membrane is described by a filed variable it is easy to combine it with other fields for example a flow field
(Navier-Stokes (NS) equation) or a density distribution of polymer chains (self-consistent field (SCF) theory)
We develop theoretical formulations for polymer chains encapsulated in
a membrane (PF+SCF) and for membranes floating in a flow field
(PF+NS) The former is a model of drag delivery system and the latter is a
model for a blood flow in a blood vessel Figure 1 shows typical
axisymmetric shapes of membranes that contain polymer chains obtained
by PF+SCF technique A shape deformation of membrane induced by the
injected polymer can be observed
[1] UZeifert Adv Phys 46 (1997) 13
[2] TNagasawa and ITakagi Calc Var and PDE 16 (2003) 63
[3] QDu C Liu and X Wang J Comput Phys 198 (2004) 450
a)
b)
Fig1 Two typical axisymmetric
shapes of membranes containing
polymers inside (a) prolate and (b)
oblate shapes
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
54 |
Talk-39
The search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics
from the logical and philosophical point of view
Keita Yokoyama
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
In this research we investigate the certainty of foundations of mathematics including the concepts of infinity
provability axiomatizability normativity determinacy and so on In this talk we will overview the certainty of
infinitesimal analysis by means of the measure of the logical strength as an example
In the 17th century differential and integral calculus was developed using infinitely small or infinitesimal
quantities by G W Leibniz and others However the theory of infinitesimals was completely replaced by the
theory of limits in the 19th century In 1960rsquos A Robinson introduced the theory of non-standard analysis and
justified the theory of infinitesimals in it [1] Non-standard analysis has been investigated by many researchers as a
branch of logic or analysis and it has been applied to the study of analysis number theory and other fields of
mathematics On the other hand the strengths of many theorems of classical analysis are measured by comparing
them with axioms of arithmetic as a program of Reverse Mathematics by H Friedman S Simpson and others [2]
For example the axiom ldquoweak Koenigrsquos lemma (WKL)rdquo is equivalent to the Brouwer fixed point theorem and the
Cauchy integral theorem and the axiom ldquoarithmetical comprehension (ACA)rdquo is equivalent to the AscoliArzela
lemma and the Riemann mapping theorem Then can we measure the certainty of infinitesimal analysis Is
infinitesimal analysis more complex or less certain than classical analysis Our aim is to answer these question
In 1980rsquos H J Keisler gave simple axioms for the theory of infinitesimal analysis So we measure the strengths
of these axioms by comparing them with axioms of arithmetic The axioms of infinitesimal analysis consist of
ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo ldquotransfer principlerdquo and other weak principles named nsBASIC Our main
results of this study are following
1 nsBASIC plus ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo is a conservative extension of the axiom of arithmetic
WKL
2 nsBASIC plus ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo plus ldquotransfer principlerdquo is a conservative extension of
the axiom of arithmetic ACA
It is known that the most part of classical analysis can be developed within WKL or ACA Consequently the theory
of infinitesimal analysis has the same certainty as the theory of classical analysis
References
[1] Stephen G Simpson Subsystems of Second Order Arithmetic Perspectives Springer-Verlag 1999
[2] A Robinson Non-standard Analysis North-Holland revised edition 1974
[3] Keita Yokoyama Formalizing non-standard arguments in second-order arithmetic to appear
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 55
Abstracts of Poster Presentations
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
56 |
Po-1
Coherent control of excited states by multipulse photo excitation
Kenta Abe
Physics D2 Tohoku University
The control of quantum phenomena with modulated laser pulses has already been demonstrated successfully on
a variety of chemical and physical systems For example the temporal structure of the pulse can be periodically
modified to yield a train of pulses If the temporal spacing of the pulse train coincides with the period of a
molecular vibration a wavepacket involving just a selected mode can be excited selectively over other modes We
adopted coherent control method using multipulse excitation to get information about transient vibration of the
excited states in materials
The coherent control measurement was carried out by a setup based on femtosecond absorption spectroscopy
Output of the Tisapphire laser system (800nm 1mJ 150fs 1kHz) was divided into several parts One part was
used to generate the tunable prepump (~100fs) by an infrared optical parametric amplifier (IR-OPA) The prepump
generated the excited state in the materials Another part was used to drive a noncollinear OPA (NOPA) generating
the ultrashort transform-limit (TL) pulse (lt20 fs) for the coherent control A pulse shaper which consists of a spatial
light modulator (SLM) with 800times600 pixels in a 4f arrangement modulated the TL pulse and generated the shaped
pump pulse The rest output generated the broadband tunable probe pulse using another NOPA and a prism pair
pulse compressor Time resolution of the system was about 20fs
Nile Blue was selected as prototype system because of its strong oscillatory features The coherent vibration
induced by the TL or shaped pump pulse was observed Figure 2 shows the Fourier transform (FT) spectra of the
transient vibration with and without the prepump With the prepump the peak frequency of the FT-spectrum is
lower than that without the prepump The multipulse excitation could successfully induce the coherent vibration in
the excited state Furthermore we carried out the coherent control by the shaped pump pulse The periodic pulse
trains can selectively control the coherent vibration in the ground andor excited states
Fig 2 Transient vibration induced by TL pulse Fig 1 Sketch of the multipulse excitation setup
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 57
Po-2
de Haas ndashvan Alphen effect studies in the Antiferro-Quadrupolar
ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3
T Isshiki T Komatsubara HS Suzuki N Kimura H Aoki
Physics D3 Tohoku University
In the past decade it is found that higher order multipoles (quadrupolar octupolar etc) play a key role in some
rare earth and actinide systems Although a great number of studies have been performed the mechanism of the
multipolar ordering has not been clarified yet On the other hand some previous experiments suggest that the
quadrupolar ordering is mediated via the conduction electrons Moreover in some Pr-based compounds which have
nonmagnetic 3 doublet in the crystalline electric field ground state a huge CT value is observed in the specific
heat measurement even at low temperatures These results indicate that quadrupole moments might be strongly
coupled with the conduction electrons but there is no clear evidence so far Therefore it is important to investigate
the role of the conduction electrons in these systems
The de Haas -van Alphen(dHvA) effect is a powerful method to measure the properties of conduction electrons
We study the dHvA effect in the antiferro-quadrupolar(AFQ) ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3 (1) to
investigate whether or not a huge CT at low temperatures and the non-Fermi liquid behavior reported for the
specific heat and electrical resistivity in Pr1-xLaxPb3 come from the interplay between quadrupole moments and the
conduction electrons (2) to investigate how the change of the f electron state such as the one from the
para-quadrupolar state to the AFQ state affects the properties of conduction electrons and (3) to investigate the
quantum criticality of the quadrupolar ordering
We have succeeded in observing the change in the properties of conduction electrons associated with the change
of the f electron state The details are discussed in this presentation
Po-3
Measurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum
in the Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHC
Takumi Ito
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Supersymmetry (SUSY) is the well-motivated candidate of the physics beyond the standard model If
SUSY really exists at the TeV energy scale a large number of SUSY particles are produced at the LHC
experiments A signature of SUSY at the LHC strongly depends on the SUSY mass spectrum Some
SUSY models have a long-lived heavy charged particle and in such case we should completely alter a
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
58 |
strategy to study the SUSY events from one in a widely-studied case with a long-lived heavy neutral
particle
We study the model with a long-lived stau (supersymmetric partner of tau lepton) and demonstrate the
several masses of superpaticles can be measured with a good accuracy [1] We focus on the case in which
the mass differences between the lightest stau and other sleptons are ~ 10 GeV or larger so that the decay
products of heavier sleptons are hard enough to be detected First we determine the masses of neutralinos as
the endpoint of the invariant mass distribution of (tau-jet - stau) since neutralinos mainly decay to the
lightest stau Next with the assist of the knowledge of the neutralino mass the masses of the right-handed
sleptons are determined as the sharp peak in the distribution of the invariant mass of (lepton - tau - stau)
Also squark (almost right-handed) masses can be measured well
In the previous study we left the mass reconstructions of other particles such as gluino charginos left-handed
sleptons and left-handed squarks They are in progress [2]
Reference
[1] Takumi Ito Ryuichiro Kitano and Takeo Moroi ldquoMeasurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum in the
Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHCrdquo arXiv 09105853 [hep-ph]
[2] Takumi Ito Ryuichiro Kitano and Takeo Moroi work in progress
Po-4
In situ NMR imaging of lithium- ion batteries
during chargedischarge cycle
Yoshiki Iwai
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Lithium-ion batteries are quite important power sources for mobile devices such as mobile phones notebook
computers portable audio players etc It is necessary to observe ion motion of liquid electrolyte in lithium-ion
batteries for increasing their safety and understanding mechanisms of the degradations Over the last several
decades many types of in-situ technique (X-ray Raman scattering infrared spectroscopy etc) have been adopted to
investigate the lithium-ion dynamics Moreover visualizing techniques are also starting to be employed for material
science over the biological and medical field X-ray and neutron tomography can see through the batteries however
these two techniques have disadvantages for lithium-ion batteries X-ray has low sensitivity for organic electrolyte
because the sensitivity of X-ray is proportional to weight of atoms Neutron beam has high sensitivity for proton
(1H) and lithium (
6Li and
7Li) however big facilities are need for the experiments Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Imaging (NMR imaging ) is also nondestructive imaging technique which can satisfy these two demands high
sensitivity of light atoms such as proton (or lithium) and small instrument compared with Neutron facilities The
aim of this work is to observe liquid electrolyte in the lithium-ion battery by NMR imaging technique to understand
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 59
ionic motion and behavior of its degradation as a function of electrochemical cycling As a start of this work I
report lithium (7Li) and proton (
1H) imaging data of special designed lithium-ion battery which is composed of
lithium-metal (negative electrode) and LiCoO2 (positive electrode) filled with liquid electrolyte LiClO4PC
Po-5
Crack propagation in largely deformed rubber sheet
Daiki Endo
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
60 |
Po-6
Optical response of photonic crystal with multi-layered structure
Rihei Endo
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Recently there has been rapid progress in the performance of nano scale artificial structure It is known that
the photonic crystals take an important role in developing next-generation devices Photonic crystals have a
photonic band structure with a gap energy that excludes light with a certain frequency which is the same
analogy as the energy band structure in the crystal of the solid We can control light freely by operating these
structures artificially and it is possible to create new type devices with new features
So far we had investigated one-electron properties of one-dimensional self-similar structures (SSS) SSS are
classified into the third group of systems in addition to periodic systems and random systems Electronic states
of SSS exhibits rich properties For example the presence of energy spectra and wave functions which have
multifractal characters is peculiar to such systems And almost all eigenstates for electrons are critical states
whose nature locate between extended states and localised states
Applying the concept of SSS to photonic crystals we aim at a development of a new type of optical device
We confine our discussion in 1D photonic crystals which consist of two different dielectric material layers A
and B in a SSS We assume the materials of A and B layers to be non-absorbing isotropic and uniform
dielectric matirials with reflective indices na and nb respectively (see fig1) To set up 1D self-similar
photonic crystal we apply the substitution rule to determine the order of two kinds of layer as shown in fig2 In
this poster We have investigated the time-dependent optical response of S-polarized wave and P-polarized
wave (see fig3) on this SSS by using transfer matrix method [1]
[1] J Phys A Math Gen 37 (2004) L1-L6 Rihei Endou Komajiro Niizeki Nobuhisa Fujita
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 61
Po-7
Pseudo-spin Kondo effect in a capacitively-coupled parallel double
quantum dot
Yuma OKAZAKI
Physics D1 Tohoku University
A low-dimensional nano-structure fabricated by semiconductor fine processing technology offers the ideal
playground for studying quantum and correlative nature of electrons Especially electronic states can be controlled
at a single electron level in a zero-dimensionally confined system known as a quantum dot (QD) The Kondo effect
is an electron correlation phenomenon resulting from a dynamical spin singlet formation between a localized spin
at the QD and its surrounding conduction electrons via an effective exchange interaction The Kondo effect has
been well investigated in bulk materials containing dilute magnetic impurities However more tunable approach for
the Kondo physics is possible with the helps of QDrsquos parameter-controllability
In this poster we show transport measurements in a double QD system with inter-dot capacitive coupling In
such a device charge degrees of freedom can be regarded as a pseudo-spin and play the equivalent role to the
electron spin in the Kondo physics Although the pseudo-spin Kondo effect has been already discussed in some
reported articles more quantitative and conclusive experimental results are lacking Two fingerprints for the
pseudo-spin Kondo singlet were experimentally observed in our fabricated device(Fig a b) The first one is Kondo
zero bias anomaly which originates from a many-body resonance level pinned at the Fermi surface due to the
Kondo singlet formation(Fig c) The second one is Kondo scaling which describes universal temperature
dependence scaled by the Kondo temperature A good fit was obtained between the observed temperature
dependence and a theoretical curve by numerical renormalization group theory(Fig d) Moreover a contribution
from the pseudo-spin was discussed via measurements in a finite in-plane magnetic field In conclusion a
formation of the pseudo-spin Kondo singlet was determined
Fig (a)Scanning electron microscope image of the device Electrons are confined into regions illustrated by circles (b)The charge stability diagram showing charge configurations in the two QDs VL(VR) is bias voltages applied to the gate L(R) labeled in Fig (a) The arrows depict charge and spin states (c)Kondo zero bias anomaly and (d)Kondo scaling were measured at the center of the two-headed arrow in Fig (b)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
62 |
Po-8
Spin and charge dynamics in a photo-excited double exchange system
Yu Kanamori
D2 Department of Physics Tohoku University
Hiroaki Matsueda1 and Sumio Ishihara
2
1Sendai National College of Technology
2Department of Physics Tohoku University
A variety of electronic phases in correlated electron systems is attributed to strong interplay between multi-degrees of
freedom of electrons such as charge spin and orbital Gigantic changes in electronic state are caused by weak perturbation in a
vicinity of phase boundary Perovskite manganite is one of the typical correlated electron materials with multi-degrees of
freedom Recently ultrafast photo-induced phenomena by applying femtosecond laser pulse have been measured in the
charge-ordered (CO) insulator associated with the antiferromagnetic (AF) order [1] Transient optical reflectivity and
magnet-optic Kerr rotation suggest strong coupling between the charge and spin degrees of freedom in the photo-induced states
Nonlinear increase of reflectivity change for photo-excitation density has been also reported
We study photo-induced charge and spin dynamics in perovskite manganite We adopt the extended double-exchange model
in one-dimension where the on-site and nearest-neighbor Coulomb repulsions between the eg electrons and the
nearest-neighbor AF exchange coupling between the t2g localized spins are taken into account By using the exact
diagonalization method and density-matrix renormalization-group method several transient spectra and static correlation
functions are obtained
It is shown that just after the photo-irradiation CO is melted and the band width of photo-carriers gradually increases with
increasing time The time dependence of the photo-carrier band and that of the in-gap component of the optical conductivity are
correlated with that in the spin correlation indicating strong coupling between charge and spin sectors This time scale is
governed by the electron transfer integral We also examine the photon intensity dependence of the spin and charge dynamics It
is found that pump photon intensity where the energy gain in the spin sector is saturated is smaller than that where the charge
energy is saturated This result implies that the spin and charge sectors are decoupled in the view point of the pump
photon-intensity
This work is supported by the global COE program of MEXT Japan
References
[1] K Miyasaka et al Phys Rev B 74 012401 (2006)
[2] H Matsueda and S Ishihara J Phys Soc Jpn 76 083703 (2007)
[3] Y Kanamori H Matsueda and S Ishihara Phys Rev Lett 103 267401 (2009)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 63
Po-9
Observation of 8B Solar Neutrinos with KamLAND
Yoshiaki Kibe (D3)
Department of Physics Research Center for Neutrino Science Tohoku University
The Kamioka Liquid Scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector that is KamLAND experiment is located at the site of the
former Kamiokande experiment in Gifu Prefecture Japan KamLAND uses 1 metric kton of liquid scintillator
contained in a 65m radius 135μm thick NylonEVOH balloon
Measurements of solar neutrinos and reactor anti-neutrinos have established neutrino oscillation and the Large
Mixing Angle (LMA) solution with matter effects described by Mikheyev Smirnov and Wolfenstein (MSW) as the
correct description of neutrino propagation from the Sun The 8B decay creates the continuous energy spectrum and
dominates the high-energy solar neutrino flux This has been measured previously using neutrino-electron
scattering with water Cherenkov detectors like Kamiokande Super-Kamiokande and SNO and the liquid
scintillator detector like Borexino The water Cherenkov detectors are able to reconstruct the direction of the
incoming neutrino and typically have thresholds of around 5 MeV Liquid scintillator detectors have much better
energy solution and the possibility of lower energy thresholds but no directional information The detection method
exploits the neutrino-electron elastic scattering reaction in the solar neutrino detection at KamLAND
The newly developed purification system rejects the radioactive backgrounds It allows us to explore lower
threshold of 35 MeV where is the unexplored energy region for 8B solar neutrino detection This work shows the
first measurement of 8B solar neutrino flux in KamLAND with 35 and 55 MeV thresholds
Po-10
z ~3 LYMAN BREAK GALAXY CLUSTER SURVEY IN SSA22
WITH VIMOS
Katsuki Kousai
Physics D2 Tohoku University
We report our redshift survey of z~3 Lyman break galaxies ( LBGs ) We observed LBGs spectra in SSA22
( 221734 +001504 ) 912 arcsec2 field to identify those spectral redshift and to study three dimensional
distribution of LBGs We have obtained spectral redshifts of 94 LBGs and found spike at z=31 33 and 37 in the
redshift distribution
SSA22 is a field in which Steidel et al discovered high density region of LBGs at z=309 ( Steidel et al 1998 )
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
64 |
They determined spectral redshifts of 99 LBGs at z~3 in 162 arcsec2 field They found a critical spike at z=309 in
their redshift distribution of LBGs
We have detected a lot of Lyman alpha emitters ( LAEs ) at z=309 in 912 arcsec2 field which contains the high
density region discovered by Steidel et al in our narrowband filter (NB497 band pass centered at 4977 Å
bandwidth of FWHM 77Å ) survey for LAEs with Subaru Prime Focus Camera to find a large scale structure of
LAEs ( Hayashino et al 2004 )
We also carried out LBG redshift survey in our LAE survey area We observed z~3 LBG candidates in the field
with ESO-VLT VIsible MultiObject Spectrograph ( VIMOS ) in 2006 and 2008 We identify spectral redshifts of 94
LBGs with Lyman alpha emission line ( 1216Åin rest-flame ) or metal absorption line ( Si II O I C II ( 1216Å
1303Å 1334Å in rest-flame ) etc )
We drew redshift distribution of those LBGs In our redshift distribution we found spike not only at z=31 that was
discovered by Steidel but also z=33 and 37 We also study spatial distribution of LBGs that is included those spikes It seems
that LBGs in each spikes are clustered in sky distribution of those LBGs
In our poster we report on the redshift distribution of 94 LBGs at z~3 the property of those density peaks that is found in
the redshift distribution and the spatial distribution of LBGs
Po-11
EELS and SXES studies of electronic structures of Al-TM alloys
Shogo Koshiya
Physics D1 Tohoku University
After the discovery of an icosahedral symmetry material (quasicrystals) in a melt-quenched Al6Mn alloy [1]
great effort has been spent for understanding the presence of quasiperiodic structured materials In recent years
Hume-Rothery mechanism which predicts an existence of a pseudogap around Fermi level (EF) is accepted as a
major reason for the stabilization of quasicrystals The presences of pseudogap structures in quasicrystals were
experimentally confirmed by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and EELS EELS experiments also pointed out
characteristic chemical shifts in Al L-shell excitation spectra of Al-based quasicrystals [2] which suggested a
decrease of valence electron charge at Al sites Recently a covalent bonding nature in quasicrystals was reported by
MEMRietveld analysis of 10-Al12Re and 11-Al73Re27Si10 [3] Thus it is interesting to investigate the relation
between chemical shift and bonding nature of quasicrystals On the other hand the systematic measurements of
electronic structures of the normal Al-transition metal (Al-TM) alloys help the understanding of the bonding
nature of the Al-based quasicrystal
In this study the chemical shift which is sensitive to the amount of valence electron of amorphous (Am)
quasicrystalline (QC) and crystalline (Cryst) phases of Al53Si27Mn20 alloys were investigated by a high
energy-resolution EELS transmission electron-microscope (TEM) [4] and a soft-X-ray emission spectroscopy
(SXES) instrument attached to a TEM [5]
From EELS measurements of Al L-edge (2p rarr CV) of the phases it was clearly shown that only the QC phase
showed an apparent shift to the larger binding energy side by 04 eV compared with that of Al single crystal This
result should be due to a large binding energy of Al L-shell of QC phase than that of pure Al (chemical shift) From
SXES measurements of Al K -emission (2p rarr 1s) of the phases it was revealed for the first time that the spectrum
of QC phase clearly showed a shift to the larger energy side of about 4 eV These results clearly indicate that the chemical shift is characteristic for QC phase Si K -emission spectrum of QC phase also showed a clear shift of
about 6 eV On the other hand there was not an apparent chemical shift for Mn L -emission (3d rarr 2p) Those
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 65
EELS and SXES results suggest that the amounts of valence electron of Al and Si atomic sites of Al53Si27Mn20
alloys are decreased only in the QC phase However Mn site does not change its valence electron charge
apparently in Am QC and Crystal phases It can be due to a localization of valence electrons of Mn atom
Chemical shifts of all constituent atoms for Am QC and Cryst phases of Al53Si27Mn20 alloys were examined first
time by EELS and SXES These results clearly presented that a chemical shift is characteristic for QC phase It
should be also noted that only Al and Si atoms of Al53Si27Mn20 change those valence electron states in QC phase
Experimental results of EELS and SXES on 10-Al12Re and 11-Al73Re17Si10 approximant crystals and Al-TM
alloys will be also presented
References
[1] D Schechtman et al Phys Rev Lett 53 1951 (1984)
[2] M Terauchi et al Phil Mag 87 2947 (2007)
[3] K Kirihara et al Phys Rev B 64 212201 (2001)
[4] M Tanaka et al Microsc Microanal 8 (Suppl 2) 68 (2002)
[5] M Terauchi et al Microsc Microanal 13 (Suppl 2) 166 (2007)
Po-12
Comparison of membrane physical property changes between DMPC
membrane and DMPE membrane induced by melittin
Atsuji Kodama
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Melittin an amphipathic peptide composed of 26 amino acid residues from honeybee venom is
widely used as a model of membrane protein in the study of lipid-protein interaction in
biomembranes In this study interaction of melittin with DMPC membranes and DMPE membranes
were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and fluorescent spectrometry with an
environment sensitive fluorescent dye Laurdan and tryptophan (Trp) residue in melittin In DSC
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
66 |
study the main phase transition peak of DMPC became broader gradually with increasing of
melittin On the other hand such a transition peak behavior was not observed in DMPE
thermograms In the fluorescent study with Laurdan Generalized Polarization (GP) was calculated
from I440 and I490 of Laurdan emission spectra Around phase transition temperature GP value for
DMPE changed drastically in the presence of melittin compared with in the absence of melittin It
indicated that melittin disturbed infiltration of water molecules into the lipid glycerol backbone
regions Contrary to DMPE temperature region of GP value change for DMPC became broader with
increasing of melittin It related to the reduction of transition cooperativity In the tryptophan
fluorescent study λmax was shorter than the system without lipids through the all temperature
regions at all mole fractions of melittin in DMPC systems In DMPEMelittin systems λmax was
longer than DMPCMelittin systems The results showed that melittin was in the hydrophobic
environment in DMPCMelittin systems On the other hand melittin was in hydrophilic
environment in DMPEMelittin systems These results indicated that melittin located in DMPC
membrane and on DMPE membrane surface From the GP value the glycerol backbone regions of DMPE
membranes have higher packing compared with DMPC one It indicated that the higher packing of DMPE
possibly disturbed penetration of melittin
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 67
Po-13
Resonant x-ray scattering experiment on Pr(Ru1-xRhx)4P12
Kotaro Saito
Dept of Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
68 |
Po-14
Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Anti-neutrinos travel from the Earthrsquos interior due to beta decays of mainly three isotopes 238
U 232
Th and 40
K
The study of geo-neutrinos was performed using 207659-day data taken with KamLAND which is the
anti-neutrino detector contained 1000 tons of liquid scintillator (LS) The data includes 58603-day data since the
LS purification was started
The LS purification is distillation and N2 purge for LS and was performed to reduce low energy backgrounds
such as 85
Kr 210
Bi and 210
Po These isotopes were reduced by ~ 185000 ~ 12100 and ~ 116 respectively While
the LS purification reduced backgrounds it caused the decrease of light yield by ~ 20 and following the deviation
of the position and time dependence Energy and its deviation are corrected using calibration and spallation data
before the geo-neutrino analysis
Anti-neutrinos are extracted from data using the likelihood selection based on the probability density function of
anti-neutrinos and accidental backgrounds depending on those rate to use low energy region and outer volume with
many accidental backgrounds The number of anti-neutrino candidates is 2043 events
The main backgrounds for geo-neutrinos are reactor neutrinos and 13
C(alpha n)16
O reaction The latter is reduced
by ~ 116 after the LS purification due to the reduction of the main alpha source 210
Po The number of total
backgrounds is estimated to be 20158 events
The expected number of geo-neutrinos is calculated using the reference Earth model based on
seismology petrology and the BSE model It is 976 events The Rate + Shape + Time analysis was
performed using these results The best-fit of geo-neutrinos is 860plusmn279 267 (32 accuracy) and does
not conflict with the expectation Zero geo-neutrinos are excluded at 34σ(9993) From the
estimated geo-neutrino flux and the model the upper limits of radiogenic heat from U and Th and
their mass in the mantle are 30 TW and 59x1017 kg at 90 CL This result excludes the
fully-radiogenic models of 37 TW and 44 TW at 976 and 996 CL respectively
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 69
Po-15
Pressure dependence of B-T phase diagram in
heavy-fermion superconductor CeRhSi3
Tetsuya Sugawara(D2) Noriaki Kimura(Assis Prof) and Haruyoshi Aoki(Prof)
Department of Physics Tohoku University
CeRhSi3 is a noncentrosymmetric heavy-fermion pressure-induced superconductor discovered in 2005 by N
Kimura et al [1] Its crystal structure lacks an inversion center which is characteristic of this compound as shown
in the inset of Fig 1 The superconductivity emerges above 02GPa although the antiferromagnetic order persists
up to 24GPa Therefore CeRhSi3 can provide two fascinating aspects of the superconductivity namely
noncentrosymmetric and heavy-fermion superconductivity
We reported the temperature dependence of the upper-critical-field Bc2(T) along the tetragonal c-axis of CeRhSi3
and the existence of a bend on the Bc2(T)-curve at the last forum To elucidate the nature of the bend we have
performed the precise measurement of the electrical resistivity at several pressures Figure 2 shows the resultant
Bc2(T)-curves of CeRhSi3 We found the bend appears at 24GPa at which the antiferromagnetic ordering
disappers at zero field This fact suggests that the bend is associated with the magnetism
At the forum we will also report the pressure dependence of other superconducting parameters and discuss the
nature of the bend
Reference
[1]N Kimura et al Phys Rev Lett 95 (2005) 247004
Fig 1 Crystal structure and T-P phase diagram
of CeRhSi3
Fig 2 Pressure dependence of the Bc2(T)-curve
of CeRhSi3
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
70 |
Po-16
Neutral meson photoproduction with electromagnetic calorimeter
complex FOREST
Koutaku Suzuki
Physics D3 Tohoku University
We have been studying hadron properties via the π0 and η photoproduction reactions at Research Center for
Electron Photon Science Tohoku University Recently we observed a narrow baryon resonance at Eγ ~ 1020
MeV in the γ d rarr η n p reaction The resonance seems to show up in the γ n rarr η n reaction since no signal has
been observed so far in the γ p rarr η p reaction at the same energy region
To investigate the resonance in more detail we developed a large solid angle electro-magnetic calorimeter
system FOREST It consists of three types of electromagnetic calorimeters and three plastic scintillator hodoscopes
One calorimeter located in a forward angular region is made up with 192 pure CsI crystals the second one covering
the polar angle from 30degto 100degcomprises 252 lead scintillating fiber blocks and the remaining calorimeter are
built with 36 lead glass Cherenkov counters The energy resolutions of pure CsI crystals lead scintillating fiber
blocks and lead glass Cherenkov counters are 21 72 and 49 respectively for 10 GeV electrons The
plastic scintillator hodoscopes are placed in front of these calorimeters to distinguish a particle being charged or
neutral FOREST covers the solid angle of about 90 in total
Experiments for π0 and η photoproduction reactions have been performed with FOREST The current status and
analysis of the experiments will be introduced
Po-17
Micro-photoluminescence around spin phase transition of ν=23
fractional quantum Hall regime
J HayakawaAK Muraki
BG YusaA
ADepartment of Physics Tohoku University
BNTT Basic Research Laboratories NTT Corporation
We have been interested in Landau level filling factor ν=23 fractional quantum Hall(FQH) regime because of
their interesting feature The spin degrees of freedom of electrons play an important role in this system That is
because the competition between Coulomb energy and Zeeman energy defines the ground state There are two
possible ground states unpolarized and fully polarized states A spin phase transition between these two states
occurs therefore domain formation with two polarizations is expected at certain magnetic field and carrier density
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 71
But actual size and shape of domains have not observed Moreover the dynamics of domains related to electric
current or nuclear spin polarization has been unveiled yet In contrast with standard transport measurement optical
measurement can reveal local configurations of electron spin Therefore we aim for direct observation of spin
domains at ν=23 by optical techniques
In our previous work we have measured circularly polarized photoluminescence from semiconductor quantum
well in the FQH regime at ν=23 We have found the peak intensity of singlet charged exciton tends to increase up
to transition point and it tends to decrease beyond this point by decreasing electron density On the other hand the
peak intensity of triplet charged exciton tends to monotonically increase by decreasing electron density Thus the
peak intensity of charged excitons can be used as a probe to detect local spin polarization
In order to acquire the image of spin domains we developed a scanning optical microscope in a dilution
refrigerator We illuminate samples with a laser through a square core multimode fiber to obtain a uniform electron
density over the sample Photoluminescence is collected by two polarization-maintaining fibers through circular
polarizer consisted of a quarter waveplate and a polarization beam splitter In this arrangement the core of the fiber
functions as a pinhole The sample is scanned by piezo-stage This experimental set-up will enable us to directly
observe the spin domains with micron order spatial resolution
Po-18
Ionic conductivity of Trehalose-Water-Lithium iodide mixture in glass
and supercooled liquid state
Reiji Takekawa
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Compound in the glassy state a certain kind of systems have ionic conductivity and the other donrsquot have ionic
conductivity in glassy ionic compound The former is decouple to glass framework and ion and latter is couple
That is beneficial to studying characteristic of glass transition in both system for principle and search higher
conductivity electrolyte Usually ldquocouplingrdquo sample and ldquodecouplingrdquo sample is another composed system Thus
that shouldnrsquot be studied details how to change between coupling glass to decoupling glass In this work search
systems which change coupling glass to decoupling glass with the different molar ration
In the previous study LiI-6H2O is good glass former and glass transition temperature Tg is -130 Glass
framework is hydrogen band network and lithium ion that coupled strongly To change decouple system I add
disaccharide Trehalose In general sugar group can make good stable glass Stabling glassy state and upper Tg
super cooled liquid state is important to some measuring in this case Thus I measured three component
trehalose-H2O-LiI systems In this system there is wide glass transition compound region
Result of Tg measurement by DSC Tg become higher increase with trehalose ratio Tg is 20 which ratio is
58 328 614 (trehalose-H2O-LiI molar ratio) I Compare conductivity at the glass transition temperature that
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
72 |
with LiI-6H2O (143 857) samples former is 5 order higher than latter The large increase suggest mobility
increase and changing coupling to decoupling system Consequently trehalose-H2O-LiI system is suitable to study
detail of coupling glass and decoupling glass
Po-19
Progress of the new DAQ system for wide-band solar neutrino
observation with KamLAND
Takemoto Yasuhiro
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Precise measurement of fluxes of solar neutrinos could examine validity of Standard Solar Model With
KamLAND previous efforts on solar neutrino observation focused on individual kind of those eg 8B
7Be
neutrinos Observation of those neutrinos was enabled by ultra-pure liquid scintillator which was even more
purified in these several years
However there still exist two major sources of backgrounds which are difficult to remove with current
electronics One source is a long-lived isotope eg 11
C 10
C which is produced in cosmic muon induced spallation
A huge muon is followed by high-rate events (up to several hundred events within one millisecond) including
neutrons which are byproducts of spallation isotopes Since decay of a spallation isotope comes too late to be told
as it detection of the neutrons which have space correlation with the isotope is necessary for identifying the
isotope and to extract neutrino signals from backgrounds Dead time of current DAQ electronics makes it difficult
to detect all of these neutrons which prevents us from salvaging neutrino events The other source of backgrounds
is residual radioactive impurity A part of decays of 85
Kr one of radioactive impurities is observed as two signals
but the first signal is too small to be triggered
My colleagues and I have been developed new electronics which consist of DAQ electronics which are free
from dead time within such event rate and intelligent trigger electronics which utilize the huge buffers inside the
DAQ electronics
At the present moment production assessment and installation of the electronics have accomplished And I
report here recent progress including installation in-situ tuning of on-board signal processing logic and of DAQ
software and future prospects of this project
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 73
Po-20
Double Chooz PMT preparation
TABATA Hiroshi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Double Chooz experiment is a reactor neutrino experiment searching for last undefined neutrino mixing angle
θ13
The most stringent constraint on the third mixing angle comes from the CHOOZ reactor neutrino experiment as
sin2(2θ13)lt02 Double Chooz will explore the range of sin
2(2θ13) with a sensitivity down to 003-002 within three
years of data taking The improvement of the CHOOZ result requires an increase in the statistics a reduction of the
systematic error below one percent and a careful control of the backgrounds Therefore Double Chooz will use
two identical detectors one at 400 m (near detector ) and another at 105 km from the Chooz nuclear cores
The plan is to start operation in middle of 2010 with the far detector
Main responsibility of Japanese group is photomultiplier tube (PMT) system Double Chooz uses 390 PMTs for
each detector We developed and purchased PMTs After some testing we finished 390 PMTs installation of far
detector in December 2009 This poster shows a state of PMT preparation
Po-21
Effects of lanthanoid ion on phosphate head groups in DMPC
membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures
Kouya Tamatsukuri1 (D3) Tetsuhiko Ohba
1 Gen Sazaki
2 Kazuo Ohki
1
1Department of Physics Tohoku University Sendai Japan
2Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Sendai Japan
Based on many solid-state NMR studies it is generally supposed that phospholipids become orientated in an
applied static magnetic field due to the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility which arises mainly from their
fatty acyl chains For phospholipids is generally negative and its exact value depends on the molecular structure
so lipids tend to orient perpendicular to the field 12-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and
12-dihexanoyl-sn-glycero-3- phosphatidylcholine (DHPC) mixtures are generally assumed to consist of disklike
micelles often called bicelles which align in magnetic fields with the bilayer normal perpendicular to the fields
direction due to negative of lipids However in addition of some trivalent lanthanoid ions such as Eu3+
Er3+
Yb3+
and Tm3+
which have a positive magnetic anisotropy it was reported to orient bicelles such that their normal
is parallel to the fields by NMR measurements On the other hands it was reported that cations including
lanthanoid ions induce the conformation change of the polar head group of lipids too So we investigated the
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
74 |
effects of lanthanoids ion Eu3+
on phosphate head groups of DMPC membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures in the
absence of magnetic fields by fluorescence spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry and compared with
the results of NMR measurements
Po-22
Status of double beta decay experiment with KamLAND
Azusa Terashima
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Neutrinoless double beta decay predicted by Furry in 1938 and described by the process A(Z) -gt A(Z+2) + 2e- is
extremely rare process yet observed in nature This remarkable decay that violates the lepton number conservation
demands two characteristic neutrino properties One is that neutrinos have non-zero mass and another one is they
are Majorana particles
Although rare decay rate (half-life gt 1020
yr) make experiment difficult which requires very low background and
large volume this decay is very interested in since it will tell us the nature of neutrinos (DiracMajorana) its
effective mass via its half-life and neutrino mass hierarchy
The Kamioka Liquid scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector (KamLAND) is low energy neutrino detector with 1000
ton s of highly purified liquid scintillator (LS) located on the former Kamiokande experiment site in Japan at a
depth of ~2700 m water equivalent
Utilizing KamLAND clean environment and its large volume of liquid scintillator we will search the
neutrinoless double beta decay with 90 enriched 400kg of 136
Xe nuclei at 1st phase started in 2011
With a little improvement of the detector and Xe loaded into the liquid scintillator KamLAND aims to understand
the nature of neutrinos The status and development of this experiment will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 75
Po-23
Simulations on Dynamics of Wormlike Micellar System
Using Particle-Field Hybrid Models
Masatoshi Toda
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Surfactant molecules eg cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) self-assemble reversibly into long and
flexible micelles in the presence of certain salts eg sodium salicylate (NaSal) [1] Such micelles are generally
called ldquowormlike micellesrdquo or ldquoliving polymersrdquo and known to show pronounced viscoelastic properties due to the
relaxation of intermicellar entanglements For example in the linear viscoelastic regime they can show the
exponential relaxation characterized by the single relaxation time [2] This behavior is very different from that of
entangled polymeric systems which have a broad spectrum of the entanglement relaxation modes In a steady shear
flow (nonlinear regime) they can also show shear-induced phase separations called ldquoshear bandingrdquo [3] The
detailed molecular origins of these interesting rheological properties have not yet been understood
In order to investigate rheological properties of wormlike micellar systems we propose particle-field hybrid
models which treat wormlike micellar chains as discrete particles and a solvent part as a continuous field The
method will enable us to simulate large-scale systems more efficiently than conventional particle-based methods
eg Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) [4]
We will report details of our models and several results by computer simulations on the models
References
[1] I W Hamley Introduction to Soft Matter (Wiley 2007)
[2] T Shikata H Hirata T Kotaka Langmuir 3 1081 (1987) 4 354 (1988) 5 398 (1989)
[3] M E Cates S M Fielding Adv Phys 55 799 (2006)
[4] P J Hoogerbrugge J M V A Koelman Europhys Lett 19 155 (1992)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
76 |
Po-24
Magneto-dielectric phenomena in charge ordered system
with frustrated geometrical lattice
Makoto Naka (D2) Sumio Ishihara
Physics Tohoku University
Electronic ferroelectricity is known as phenomenon where electric polarization is attributed to the charge order
without inversion symmetry This is seen in some transition metal oxides eg RFe2O4 (R is a rare earth ion) and
charge-transfer organic salts In LuFe2O4 magneto-dielectric phenomena such as increasing of electric polarization
around magnetic ordering temperature observed and are investigated experimentally and theoretically [1] Quasi
2- -(ET)2Cu2(CN)3 -ET salts of which two ET molecules construct a
dimerized pair and are located on a triangular lattice These compounds are known as a so-called dimer-Mott
insulator because one hole exists in each dimer Because of nearly isotropic triangular lattice and the geometrical
frustration novel spin liquid state is expected to appear Recently it is reported that the increase of dielectric
constant is experimentally observed below 60K This indicates the presence of ferro (or anti-ferro) electric
transition The electric polarization is thought to be generated by a localized hole in one side of ET molecules in
dimers [2]
We present a theory of magneto-dielectric phenomena in electronic ferroelectricity in RFe2O4 -ET salt
-ET salts we treat an electric dipole as a pseudo spin and derive the effective model
Hamiltonian where the inter-dimer transfer integrals and the Coulomb interactions are introduced in a triangular
lattice We analyze this model by utilizing the mean-field approximation and the classical Monte-Carlo simulation
We found that the magnetodielectric phenomena originate from spin-charge coupling and geometrical frustration
We also suggest that charge degree of freedom controls the magnetic ordered and disordered states
References
[1] M Naka A Nagano and S Ishihara Phys Rev B 77 224441 (2008)
[2] T Sasaki et al (unpublished)
[3] M Naka and S Ishihara (in preparation)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 77
Po-25
Pi-mesonic decays of Λ hypernuclei
Yoji Nakagawa
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
78 |
Po-26
Axionic Mirage Mediation
Shuntaro Nakamura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Although the mirage mediation is one of the most plausible mediation mechanisms of supersymmetry
breaking it suffers from two crucial problems One is the muB mu-problem and the second is the cosmological
one The former stems from the fact that the B parameter tends to be comparable with the gravitino mass which is
two order of magnitude larger than the other soft masses The latter problem is caused by the decay of the modulus
whose branching ratio into the gravitino pair is sizable In this talk we propose a model of mirage mediation in
which Peccei-Quinn symmetry is incorporated
In this axionic mirage mediation it is shown that the Peccei-Quinn symmetry breaking scale is dynamically
determined around 10^10 GeV to 10^12 GeV due to the supersymmetry breaking effects and the
mu-problem can be solved naturally Furthermore in our model the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) is the
axino that is the superpartner of the axion The overabundance of the LSPs due to decays of modulusgravitino
which is the most serious cosmological difficulty in the mirage mediation can be avoided if the axino is
sufficiently light The next-LSPs (NLSPs) produced by the gravitino eventually decay into the axino LSPs yielding
the dominant component of the axinos remaining today It is shown that the axino with the mass of O(100) MeV is
naturally realized which can constitute the dark matter of the Universe with the free-streaming length of the order
of 01 Mpc The saxion the real scalar component of the axion supermultiplet can also be cosmologically harmless
due to the dilution of the modulus decay The lifetime of NLSP is relatively long but much shorter than 1 sec
when the big-bang nucleosynthesis commences The decay of NLSP would provide intriguing collider signatures
Po-27
The Study of the Origin of Lyman alpha Emitters
with Large Equivalent Widths
Yuki Nakamura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Through the last decade searches for high-redshift Lyman alpha emitters (LAE) by narrow-band imaging have
been conducted extensively In these surveys the LAEs with very large equivalent width (EW) are studied with
much interest (egMalhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Fujita et al 2003 Hu et al 2004 Dawson et al 2004 Saito et al
2006 Shimasaku et al 2006 Gronwall et al 2007 Ouchi et al 2008 Nilsson et al 2009) as they may be related
with extremely young or metal-poor stars or any other signatures of he very early phase of galaxy formation
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 79
(Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Schaerer 2003) Among the LAEs identified by spectroscopic observation 10-40 have
the large rest-frame equivalent width EW0≦240Å at z=31 (Ouchi et al 2008)
What are the origins of these large EW objects More than a few ideas have been discussed such as
photoionization by extremely hot stars cooling radiation from gravitationally heated gas in the collapsed halos
(Steidel et al 2000 Haiman et al 2000 Fardal et al 2001 Yang et al 2006) or shock heating by starburst-driven
galactic wind (Taniguchi amp Shioya 2000 Taniguchi et al 2001 Ohyama et al 2003 Wilman et al 2005) The
effects of HI scattering and dust absorption should also be considered properly in the models
For the case of photoionization by massive stars it is difficult to reproduce Lyman alpha emission larger than
EW0≦240Å by the simple models with constant continuous star-formation rate at the equilibrium phase when the
numbers of ionizing photons become constantly (Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002) Models with top heavy initial mass
function or very metal-poor stars can reproduce EW larger than ~300Å if the age of star formation is younger than
a fewtimes106 yr With the solar metallicity models with Salpeter IMF are difficult to reproduce such large EW even
much younger age less than 1 Myr (Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Scaerar 2003) In the most extreme case very high
EW objects (gt500Å) are hard to explain without primordial stars with the metallicity less than 10-5
(eg Malhotra
amp Rhoads 2002 Dijkstra amp Wyithe 2007) It would be even possible to detect signatures of population III (POPIII)
metal-free stars among the extremely large EW LAEs
We present the properties of large EW Lyman-alpha emitters in the high-density region at z=31 in and around
the SSA22 fields (Steidel et al 1998 1999 2000 Hayashino et al 2004 Matsuda et al 2004) We have expanded
the previous narrow-band survey using Sprime-Cam equipped with 82m Subaru Telescope to cover in total of
~14deg2 area (Yamada et al in prep) More than 1400 LAEs down to L~167times10
42 erg s
-1 were detected We focus
on the equivalent width distributions of these LAEs to characterize the high density region of LAEs where galaxy
formation seems to occur preferentially at the epoch
Po-28
Ultrafast broadband THz response of photo-induced metallic state
in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF )2I3
H Nakaya1 Y Takahashi
1 S Iwai
12 K Yamamoto
3 K Yakushi
3 and S Saito
4
1 Department of Physics Tohoku University Sendai 980-8578 Japan
2 JST-CREST Sendai 980-8578 Japan
3 Institute for Molecular Science Okazaki 444-8585 Japan
4 Institute of Information and Communications Technology Kobe 651-2492 Japan
Photo-induced insulator to metal transition in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF)2I3
(BEDT-TTF[bis(ethylenedithio)]tetrathiafulvalene) has been investigated using mid-IR pump-probe [1-3] and
near-IR pump-terahertz(THz) probe spectroscopy [4] However the measurement range of THz spectroscopy was
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
80 |
very narrow (2-11 meV) In this study spectral range was extended to 2-36 meV (05-9 THz)
Figure 1 shows that transient absorption (OD) spectra observed for excitation intensity (089 eV 001 mJcm2)
at 124 K OD spectrum at 08 ps has a broad absorption increase exhibiting generation of the metallic state
Moreover marked change of the phonon structure at 16 meV (arrow) was detected immediately after excitation We
will discuss the low energy carrier and lattice dynamics based on the time evolution of the broad THz spectrum
[1] Iwai et al Phys Rev Lett 98 097402 (2007)
[2] Iwai et al Phys Rev B 77 125131 (2008)
[3] Yamamoto et al J Phys Soc Jpn 77 074709(2008)
[4] Nakaya et alUltrafast Phenomena XVI 173 (2008)
Po-29
Ring-Exchange interaction in Orbital Degenerate System
J Nasu (D2) S Ishihara
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Orbital degree of freedom is one of the recent attractive themes in transition-metal oxides In contrast to the spin
degree of freedom the inter-site interaction between the orbitals is anisotropic in the real space As a result a kind
of frustration termed orbital frustration is brought about A doubly degenerate eg orbital are represented by the
pseudo-spin (PS) operator T and the orbital interaction is described by the nearest neighbor (NN) exchange
interaction between PSs Due to the orbital frustration there is a macroscopic number of degeneracy in the classical
ground state This degeneracy is lifted by the thermal and quantum fluctuations This is known to be the so-called
ldquoorder by fluctuationrdquo mechanism However the NN interaction based on the perturbation with respect to the
electron transfer is not sufficient in the system which is close to the metal-insulator transition
In this study we examine the ring-exchange interaction in the orbital degenerate system with strong electron
correlation First we derive the effective Hamiltonian from the two-orbital Hubbard model by the perturbational
processes up to the order of (tU)4 where t is hopping integral of an electron and U is inter-orbital Coulomb
interaction on the same site This effective Hamiltonian has not only an interaction between NN PSs but also the
ring-exchange interaction It is worth to note this ring-exchange term includes the octupole operator Ty which does
not appear in the conventional effective Hamiltonian for orbital We analyze this model by the classical
Figure 1 Transient absorption (ΔOD)
spectra observed for excitation intensity
001 mJcm2 at 124 K
0 10 20 30
0
05
1
Fig1 Transient absorption (ΔOD) spectra observed for excitation intensity 001 mJcm2 at 124 K The solid and dashed curve indicate 08 and 25 ps after excitation
124 K
08 ps
Photon Energy (meV)
ΔO
D
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 81
Monte-Carlo method and obtain the phase diagram as functions of temperature and tU In small tU region the
antiferro-type quadrupole (AFQ) order is realized by the thermal fluctuation We find that the canted quadrupole
order is stabilized by the ring-exchange interaction The octupole order appears in large tU region Next to clarify
the quantum effect on the ring-exchange interaction we analyze this model by the Bethe approximation the exact
diagonalization method and the spin-wave approximation We reproduce the AFQ order the canted quadrupole
order and the octupole order In the large tU region we find the quantum para-orbital state which is also confirmed
by the spin-wave approximation
This work is financially supported by Tohoku University Global COE program
Po-30
Shape Memory Effect Induced by Magnetic-Field Rotation
in MnV2O4 Spinel Compound
Yoichi Nii
Physics D1 Tohoku University
In transition metal oxides the orbital degree of freedom plays an important role in their physical phenomena
Spinel compounds are one of the typical systems to study the orbital physics in which the orbital state often gives
rise to much more interesting properties through a possible coupling with both lattice and spin degrees of freedom
MnV2O4 is a representative spinel compound where the orbital-spin coupling is predicted to exist in the nearly
triply degenerate t2g orbital at V3+
sites In this compound a structural phase transition from cubic to tetragonal
(agtc) occurs at Ts = 57K accompanying a ferrimagnetic transition [1] Even above Ts the structural phase
transition can also be induced by the application of a magnetic field via the spin-orbit coupling Below Ts the
tetragonal domain can be aligned by a magnetic field [1] In this research the distribution of the cubic and the three
types of tetragonal domains (c[100]cubic [010]cubic [001]cubic) has been controlled by the combination of
magnetic-field sweep and rotation By rotating the magnetic field from [100]c to [010]c below Ts a single
tetragonal-domain state with c[100]cubic successfully switched to another single-domain state with c[010]cubic By
oscillating the magnetic field direction between [100]cubic to [010]cubic the system showed a strain-angle hysteresis
loop In addition a multi-domain state of these two tetragonal domains is also obtained in a tetragonal phase
induced by a magnetic field along [110]cubic at 57K Combining these processes a magnetic-field induced shape
memory effect without temperature variation has been successfully demonstrated
[1] T Suzuki K Katsumura K Taniguchi T Arima and T Katsufuji Phys Rev Lett 98 127203 (2007)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
82 |
Po-31
The ω meson photoproduction on the nucleon in the threshold region
Ryo HASHIMOTO
Physics D3 Tohoku University
The ω meson is one of the vector meson its spin parity is 1―
Studying near-threshold ω- meson
photoproduction is interesting theme to search for new baryon resonance states Recently the CLAS
collaboration reported that a missing baryon state JP = 52
+ contributes to ω- photoproduction around incident
photon energy of 2 GeV Paying attention to other vector meson production near threshold region the anomaly
of the cross section near threshold region is observed for φ-photoproduction by the CLAS collaboration A local
maximum appeared around Eγ = 2 GeV It is interesting that such a local peak is observed or not observed for
ω- photoproduction The detailed cross section data is needed for these investigations Currently there are a few
data of ω-photoproduction cross section We measure it from threshold up to 1145 MeV
We have already done some experiments with 4π EM calorimeter complex FOREST at Gev-γ experimental hall
in Laboratory of Nuclear Science (now Research Center of electron Photon Science) 750 ndash 1150 MeV
bremsstrahlung photon is exposed to a cryogenic liquid H2D2 target We detect 3 photons decayed from ω meson
generated in the reaction of γN rarrωN ω rarr π0γ rarr 3γ and measure their energy and out-going direction for
reconstruct an invariant mass In a π0γ invariant mass distribution we can find an ω meson peak clearly
The invariant mass of π0γ
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 83
P0-32
Prototype fast imaging detector for YN-scattering
Ryotaro Honda
Physics M1Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
84 |
Po-33
Ground state phase diagram of graphene in a high Landau level
A density matrix renormalization group study
Tatsuya Higashi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 85
Po-34
Investigation of the n ( K0) reaction near the threshold
KFutatsukawa for the NKS2 collaboration D3
Department of Physics Tohoku University Japan
Kaon photoproductions play an important role in the investigation of meson-baryon coupling the structure of
hadrons and search for missing resonances The n ( K0 is a unique process and a key for the investigation on
kaon photoproductions The reactions are (1) since no charge is involved in the initial and final state the t-channel
Born term doesnrsquot contribute (2) since it is the mirror channel of p ( K reaction the coupling constant of the 0
exchange in u-channel change its opposite sign
Therefore we have constructed the Neutral Kaon Spectrometer (NKS2) at the Laboratory of Nuclear Science
Tohoku University (LNS-Tohoku) which can provide tagged photons near the threshold of this reaction NKS2
consists of a dipole magnet with 042 Tesla at the center and TOF counters two types of drift chambers The target
is a liquid deuterium for the investigation into the elementary process of the n ( K0 reaction The acceptance of
NKS2 covers the very forward region making it possible to measure much larger kinematical region for K0 and to
provide the angular distribution for the comparison of the theoretical calculations NKS2 has the large acceptance
against not only +
- decay mode from K
0 but also p
- decay mode from It makes possible to measure the K
0
coincidence events Thus we can provide the cross sections of not only the single K0 events but also the K
0
coincidence events
We will present the performance of NKS2 in detail and preliminary results of the K0 coincidence events in this
contribution
Po-35
Traffic flow of two lanes with a bottleneck
Sho Furuhashi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Traffic jam is an important problem because it gives the society heavy economic losses In order to untie it we
have to understand traffic currents on road networks Many people have studied traffic currents on road networks
with models There are many models which represent traffic currents Cellular automaton (CA) model is a simple
model of them On a one dimensional lane a fundamental diagram of this model a relation between traffic flow
and vehicle density shows a similar characteristic of actual observed traffic currents Because of this similarity it is
a simple way to use CA model on road networks But road networks are more complex than one dimensional lanes
We have a question whether CA model is suitable for road networks or not
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
86 |
A road network is drawn by representing an intersection as a node and a road as a link When we think the traffic
currents of road networks intersections have important effects At an intersection cars on a lane block cars on the
other lanes So an intersection is recognized as a bottleneck Road network consists of bottlenecks We have to
research the effects of bottlenecks to understand the traffic currents of road networks
We study a traffic current of a simple bottleneck It is a two-lane circuit a part of which is one lane In this
system cyclic changes of the passing direction are observed Many people have studied this system with CA model
and got some results But they have not compared the traffic current of CA model on this system with an actual
traffic current So we do this comparison and check the utility of this model If this utility is confirmed it is a
proper way to use this model on road networks
Actual traffic currents were recorded at two points a corner of a road surrounding the Sendai Castle and the
Ryuujin Bridge near Kurogami Campus of Kumamoto University with a video camera The number of lanes is
reduced from two to one at these points We compared these records with the current of CA model by using a
distribution and a cycle correlation of the number of passing cars in a cycle of changes of the passing direction
The results are as follows Their distributions are exponential distributions They show no cycle correlation
From these results we can say that they are under Poisson Process and CA model reproduces an actual traffic
current
However a problem is left It is whether we can get same result in larger traffic volume or not To say that CA
model is suitable for the traffic current on road networks we have to confirm that we get same result regardless of
traffic volume This is an issue which remains to be solved
Po-36
Staggered Order with Kondo and Crystalline Field Singlets
in f2 System
Shintaro Hoshino Junya Otsuki and Yoshio Kuramoto
Department of Physics Tohoku University
With two localized f-electrons per site as in the case with Pr and U compounds the ground state of a solid can
be a collection of crystalline electric field (CEF) singlets plus the Fermi sea of conduction electrons If the
f-electrons interact strongly with conduction electrons the ground state can also be a collective Kondo singlet
Competition between these two singlets may give rise to rich physics with exotic ordered phases We propose a
novel staggered order of these two kinds of singlets by using a model with CEF singlet-triplet states and conduction
electrons which are connected together by the Kondo coupling We have performed highly accurate numerical
calculations using the dynamical mean-field theory combined with the continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo
method With one conduction electron per site we have found a metal-insulator transition temperature below which
the staggered singlet order emerges
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 87
The figure shows the local density of states in the ordered phase It shows a peak below the Fermi level at a
sublattice for Kondo singlet and a vacant peak at another sublattice for CEF singlet This indicates that the
conduction electrons gather at the Kondo singlet site in order to screen localized moments These two peaks add up
to a double peaked structure as in Kondo insulators We discuss possible relevance of the results to understanding
actual systems such as PrFe4P12 and URu2Si2
Figure Local density of states at the (a) Kondo singlet site and (b) CEF singlet site The band width of conduction
electrons is given by 2D
Po-37
Proton elastic scattering of 9C at 290 MeV
Yohei Matsuda
Physics Assistant professor Tohoku University
In order to understand nuclear properties it is important to get information on various shapes of unstable nuclei
as density distributions Therefore it has been expected to measure proton elastic scattering on unstable nuclei at
intermediate energies In particular the incident energies around 300 MeVnucleon are the most suitable because
the proton has the longest mean free path in nuclei For several years we have been developing an apparatus that
consists of beam detectors a solid hydrogen target and recoil proton detectors And we performed these
experiments which were the first at the energy region at the HIMAC facility in the NIRS
As for these experiments we focused on isotopes of carbon because the mass number varies widely from 9 to 22
and density distributions are different dramatically Among these 9C has two characteristics because of its small
proton separation energy (13 MeV) and no bound excited state One is a candidate of a proton halo nucleus and the
other is an experimental advantage that it is possible to separate elastic scattering events from inelastic scattering
events by charge identification of scattering particles Then we chose 9C as the first object
The differential cross section for 9C at 290 MeV is obtained in the momentum transfer region of 1 to 2 fm
-1 The
absolute value is determined by measuring proton elastic and inelastic scattering to the first 2+ excited state of
12C
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
88 |
at 410 MeVnucleon Error bars include systematic and statistical errors and the latter mainly contribute to the
uncertainty Compared with 12
C data the angular distribution does not show a clear diffraction minimum
In the present study the angular distribution is compared with microscopic model calculations Optical model
description is performed with the RIA and the G-matrix approximation Description of nuclear structure is done
with the RMF and the AMD The unclear diffraction minimum is comparatively reproduced by the RMF It is
considered that this reproduction is derived from that the tail of the proton distribution grows longer than that of the
AMD result Though more detailed discussion could be done in comparison with more backscattering data a lack
of data and an inaccurateness of nuclear reaction models at the angle make it difficult In future it is desired to
improve these two points
Po-38
High Resolution and High Statistics Λ Hypernuclear Spectroscopy
by the (e ersquoK+) Reaction
Akihiko Matsumura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Λ hypernuclear spectroscopy by the (eersquoK+) reaction is a powerful tool to investigate ΛN interaction because
this reaction excites various states up to deep inside of hypernucleus and sub-MeV resolution can be achieved
thanks to the high quality primary electron beam from CEBAF at Jefferson laboratory (JLab) The second
generation hypernuclear spectroscopy at JLab Hall C E01-011 was successfully performed in the summer of 2005
introducing High resolution Kaon Spectrometer (HKS) and a new configuration for scattered electron spectrometer
These unique techniques significantly improved both energy resolution and hypernuclear tagging efficiency and we
succeeded to study various hypernuclei
12
ΛB precise p-shell hypernuclear structures were measured and the binding energy and cross section were
compared with the shell model calculation with DWIA
28
ΛAl The first hypernuclear spectroscopy beyond the p-shell by the (eersquoK+) reaction was executed and
major shell structures were observed The results were compared with the shell model calculation with DWIA
7ΛHe The first spectroscopic investigation of
7ΛHe which is one of the unique neutron rich hypernuclear by
(eersquoK+) reaction was carried out successfully The result provides new information on ΛΣ coupling and charge
symmetry breaking
with high resolution and sufficient statistics for the first time by this reaction The analysis is now in the final stage
and systematic errors of binding energy and cross section were estimated with a help of the detailed Monte Carlo
simulation The overview and the analysis result of E01-011 experiment will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 89
Po-39
External Gamma-ray Backgrounds of the KamLAND Detector
Yukie Minekawa
Physics D2 Tohoku University
The KamLAND detector is a scintillation detector for neutrino measurement located in the Kamioka mine It
consists of the inner detector with radius of 9 meters and the outer detector The inner detector has 1000 tons liquid
scintillator at the center and it is a detection part of neutrino events
The liquid scintillatior is surrounded by mountain rocks and the KamLAND components such as PMTs EVOH
films Kevlar strings stainless and so on They contain some amount of radioactive impurities Their radiations are
detected by KamLAND and are backgrounds of neutrino events Especially gamma rays are serious since they
travel long distance A lot of them are able to get into the liquid scintillator
It needs to estimate the amounts of these backgrounds and their position dependences in order to distinguish
neutrino events This requires simulations of radiations with the detector geometry considered
For these simulations geant4 a tool for particle simulations is used The radiations are generated from each
surroundings and their energy deposits are constructed as events detected in KamLAND Compared with
KamLAND data the amounts of the backgrounds from surroundings are be able to estimated Their position
dependences enable us to know the effects of them in the fiducial volume
Po-40
Higgs Triplet Model
Yusuke Motoki
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Standard Model (SM) of particle physics is one of the most successful theory Most of the collider
experiment result can be explained in the framework of the SM However in 1998 Super-Kamiokande
experiment discovered that the neutrinos have very small masses In the SM the neutrinos are massless
particles We must consider the new model which the neutrinos have masses In the Higgs Triplet Model (HTM)
which is simplest extension of SM a complex SU(2) triplet scalar field with the hypercharge Y = 2 is added to
SM Lagrangian in order to have the neutrino masses This model generates the Majorana neutrino masses via
the Yukawa couplings of the triplet scalar field Yukawa couplings of triplet scalar field product lepton flavor
violating decays and etc The decays are searched for at the B
factory
A distinctive point in the HTM is that doubly charged Higgs bosons exists The decays of this particles are
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
90 |
particular processes If doubly charged Higgs bosons mass is relatively light it will be produced at the CERN
Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
In this Poster Session Irsquod like to explain the relations between the HTM and collider experiments
Po-41
Electron diffraction study of the low temperature phase of
Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16
Daisuke Morikawa
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Recently the high quality single crystal of Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16 has been successfully made by
high-pressure synthesis and the metal-insulator transition keeping ferromagnetism was formed at 95K [1] This
phenomenon is very rare in the strongly-correlated electron materials The crystal structure of the low temperature
phase and the origin of the metal-insulator phase transition have been unclear yet The purpose of this study is to
examine the phase transition at the nano-scale area of K2Cr8O16 using Convergent-beam electron diffraction
(CBED) and Selected-area electron diffraction (SAED)
Single crystals of K2Cr8O16 were prepared by Mr Hasegawa and Prof Ueda ISSP University of Tokyo using
high-pressure synthesis The electron diffraction experiments were conducted using a JEM-2010FEF transmission
electron microscope equipped with an in-column omega-type energy filter Intensities of electron diffraction were
recorded on imaging plate The accelerating voltage of electron microscope was 100kV The electron diffraction
patterns were obtained at specimen temperature of 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Figure 1 shows energy-filtered CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
In this figure Zeroth order Laue zone (ZOLZ) reflections are shown It is clearly shown that the structure transition
is not occurred at low temperature phase The [001] [111] and [201] incidence SAED patterns were also taken and
shows no structure transition at low temperature
[1] K Hasegawa et al Phys Rev Lett 103 146403 (2009)
Figure 1 The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively Every patterns show m symmetry
and there no difference
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 91
Po-42
Light scattering by collective excitation of phonon
in quantum paraelectrics
Ryuta Takano
Physics D1 Tohoku University
SrTiO3 and KTaO3 are typical perovskite-type oxides The polarization arrangement in these materials is thought
to be disturbed by the zero point vibration though they have a ferroelectric phonon mode that softens at the Γ point
As a result they do not undergo a ferroelectric phase transition so these materials are often called Quantum
paraelectrics The normal phonon-phonon scattering where the momentum is conserved is thought to become
predominant at the Γ point due to the anharmonic interaction between the long wave-length phonons of the soft
transverse optic and the acoustic modes Gurevich and Tagantsev expected the existence of the second-sound wave
(compression wave of the phonon gas) from the above-mentioned speculation in SrTiO3 and KTaO3 [1] We have
observed a scattered peak that looked like the sound wave (which was called Broad doublet (BD)) at 30K or less in
SrTiO3 and at 20K or less in KTaO3 in our low frequency light scattering experiment [Figure 1] Since the origin of
the BD is still controversial it is important to understand more systematically the collective excitation of phonon
by the analysis on low frequency elementary excitation in quantum paraelectrics Therefore we aimed to
understand the temperature dependence of the relaxation times (τNτR) of the ldquoNormal processrdquo (in which the
momentum is preserved in the phonon-phonon scattering) and the ldquoResistive processrdquo (of considering all scattering
that contributes to dissipative energy transport by phonon and lattice imperfection or impurities) from the spectrum
analysis based on the extended thermodynamics [2]
Figure 2 shows the temperature dependences of τN and τR determined by fitting that uses the extended
thermodynamics The horizontal and vertical axes measure the temperature and the angular frequency respectively
Both axes are logarithmically scaled ω0 denotes the natural frequency of the second-sound wave The conclusion
from the analysis is as the followings
1 A narrow quasi-elastic scattering component in the high temperature region is a light scattering spectrum by
thermal diffusion It has been understood that the frequency of the resistive process falls when lowering the
temperature in SrTiO3 and this thermal diffusion mode (the second-sound wave that over dumped) shifts to the
second-sound wave (propagating mode)
2 It cannot be said that the phonon gas is in the state of the collective excitation in the observation scale of the
actual experiment It should be interpreted that the observed BD for KTaO3 only as the second order Raman
scattering involving pairs of individual phonons
[1] VLGurevich and AKTagantsev Sov Phys JETP 67 206 (1988)
[2] Djou JCasas-Vacuteazquez and GLebon Extended Irreversible thermodynamics (Springer 2001) 3rd ed
Figure The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Every patterns show m symmetry and there no difference
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
92 |
Figure 1 Light scattering spectrum of SrTiO3 and KTaO3 Figure 2 Temperature dependence of τN and τR
Po-43
Formation of the Milky Way Based on the Analysis of Kinematics and
Chemical Abundance of the Outer Halo Stars
Miho Ishigaki
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
How galaxies in the Universe came into existence remains one of the big questions in astronomy It is now
widely recognized that our own Milky Way (MW) Galaxy serves as a unique laboratory to examine mechanisms at
which our Galaxy as well as galaxies in general formed and evolved One important advantage of studying our
Galaxy is that because of its proximity one can measure position velocity and chemical abundance of individual
stars in the solar neighborhood which can be used as a fossil record of the early Galaxy
As an attempt to constrain how our Galaxy formed we study chemical abundance of old stars whose orbits
reach the outer part of the Galactic stellar halo Because of their unusual orbital velocity these outer halo stars are
considered as possible candidates for debris of small galaxies that have been disrupted either partly or totally
during the course of accretion on to the MW in the past In the poster we present the results of our abundance
analysis for the sample of 57 outer halo stars using the data obtained with High-Dispersion Spectrograph mounted
on the Subaru telescope Our detailed abundance results for the key elements including Magnesium Calcium Iron
etc support the hypothesis that the certain fraction of the MW outer stellar halo have built up by accretions of
smaller galaxies as previously suggested from studies based on lower resolution spectral data
Figure The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Every patterns show m symmetry and there no difference
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 93
Po-44
Searching for Luminous Core-Collapsed Supernovae
in a High-z Proto-Cluster
Nana Morimoto
Astronomy D1 Tohoku University
It has been revealed that SSA22 region at redshift z=31 is an extremely high density region of LAEs (LyA
emitters) In addition to this star formation in this region is supposed to be biased to very large mass from the
evidence such as a large number of large LyA EW objects Therefore core-collapsed supernovae (SNe) of massive
stars are expected to occur frequently in this region While SNe has not been detected beyond zgt2 to date it is very
important not only to detect core-collapsed SNe at z=31 but also to obtain any useful information to understand
star formation in early universe So we estimated the expectation of observing core-collapsed SNe in SSA22 region
at z=31 based on our own sample of star-forming galaxies and carried out preliminary observations and data
analysis to search for variable objects to investigate the detectability of core-collapsed SNe at high-z by searching
for variability of LAEs in this region
Po-45
A Study of Light Curves from Rapidly Rotating Neutron Stars
Kazutoshi Numata
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
The launch of the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) brought many discoveries in the physics of neutron
stars Periodic millisecond X-ray oscillations have been detected in 22 accreting neutron stars in low-mass X-ray
binary systems (hereafter we refer to these accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar as AMXPs) Accretion-powered
millisecond oscillations have so far been detected in 10 AMXPs The oscillation can be always detected in 7
AMXPs of 10 AMXPs and 3 others can be detected intermittently
The light curves for X-rays emitted from neutron stars have various information which are the stars radius
mass spin frequency inner structure of the stars circumstellar region observer inclination and so on We mainly
consider AMXPs and compare their properties to light curves calculated by assumed models
AMXPs have several properties The main properties are small amplitudes sinusoidal pulse shapes variable
oscillation amplitudes variable pulse phases The fractional rms amplitudes of the accretion powered oscillation are
about 1-2 in most AMXPs And observed light curves have nearly sinusoidal pulse shapes and the fractional rms
amplitudes of fundamental is usually tenth times larger than first overtone component
Andersson (1998) proposed that r-mode are excited by gravitational wave radiation R-modes are waves
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
94 |
propagated in neutron stars So it is important to think r-mode on surface of the neutron star Therefore we use the
model of R-mode plus hot spot model (RS model) to calculate light curves from the neutron stars This model is a
new model There have been models to assume only r-modes and to assume only hot spots so far but there have
never been models that r-modes and hot spots are assumed simultaneously
The hot spot locate on the surface of the neutron star and dont interact with r-mode thermally This r-mode is
the wave in a rotating and magnetized neutron star (Lee 2009) The neutron star is assumed to be threaded by a
dipole magnetic field which strength B0 at the surface is 1010
G This strength of 1010
G is typically value in
low-mass X-ray binary systems It is calculated in a neutron star model composed of a fluid ocean a solid crust
and a fluid core The fluid core is treated to be non-magnetic to assume that magnetic pressure is much smaller than
the gas pressure there
In addition to fitting to the present observation we researched what light curves can be observed And we also
researched whether we can detect the oscillation due to r-mode if it exist in neutron stars We found that its
detectability is strong enough in present observation accuracy The oscillation have never observed yet But if it is
detected information about neutron stars inner structure will be also derived
Po-46
CMB Bispectrum from the Second-Order Cosmological Perturbations
Daisuke Nitta
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
We calculate the bispectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature anisotropies induced
by the second-order fluctuations in the Boltzmann equation In this poster we consider the terms that are products
of the first-order perturbations and leave intrinsically second-order terms and perturbations in the recombination
history
We show that the bispectrum has the maximum signal in the squeezed triangles similar to the local-type
primordial bispectrum as both types generate non-linearities via products of the first-order terms in position space
However detailed calculations show that their shapes are sufficiently different the cross-correlation coefficient
reaches 05 at the maximum multipole of l_max~ 200 and then weakens to 03 at l_max~ 2000 The
differences in shape arise from (i) the way the acoustic oscillations affect the bispectrum and (ii) the second-order
effects not being scale-invariant This implies that the contamination of the primordial bispectrum due to the
second-order effects (from the products of the first-order terms) is small The expected signal-to-noise ratio of the
products of the first-order terms is ~ 04 at l_max~ 2000 for a full-sky cosmic variance limited experiment
We therefore conclude that the products of the first-order terms may be safely ignored in the analysis of the
future CMB experiments The expected contamination of the local-form f_NL is f^local_NL~ 09 at
l_max~ 200 and f^local_NL~ 05 at l_max~ 2000
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 95
Po-47
General Properties of Non-Radial Pulsations
Aprilia
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
Po-48
A Study on Mathematical Fuzzy Logic
Ahmad Termimi Bin Ab Ghani
Mathematical institute Tohoku University
We study some important properties of mathematical fuzzy logic based on the logical systems BL and BLforall
(basic fuzzy propositional and predicate logic) such as computational complexity of fuzzy propositional calculi We
also discuss arithmetical complexity issues which treat the degrees of undecidability of fuzzy predicate calculi
Finally we investigate some open problems concerning the arithmetical complexity on monadic logic and the
corresponding Σ1-completeness (Π1- completeness)
Reference
[1] Haacutejek P Godo L Esteva F A complete many-valued logic with product conjunction Arch Math Logic 35
(1996) 191-208
[2] Haacutejek P Metamathematics of fuzzy logic Kluwer 1998
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
96 |
[3] Haacutejek P Fuzzy logic and arithmetical hierarchy III Studia logica 68 (2001) 129-142
[4] Haacutejek P Monadic fuzzy predicate logic Studia logica 71 (2002) 165-175
Po-49
Some space-time integrability estimates of the solution for heat
equations in two dimension
Norisuke Ioku Mathematical institute Tohoku University
Po-50
Well-posedness for Navier-Stokes equations in modulation spaces with
negative derivative indices
Tsukasa Iwabuchi
Mathematical institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 97
Po-51
The soul conjecture for Riemannian orbifolds
Naoki Oishi
Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
In 1994 Perelman solved the Cheeger-Gromoll soul conjecture ldquoIf a smooth non-compact complete Riemannian
manifold M of nonnegative curvature has positive curvature at a point then its soul is an one point set
Consequently M is diffeomorphic to a Euclidean spacerdquo But he couldnt generalize the theorem to Alexandrov
spaces We show an analogous result to the theorem for Riemannian orbifolds which belong to Alexandrov spaces
Po-52
A new approach to the existence of harmonic maps
Toshiaki Omori
Mathematical Institute D2 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
98 |
Po-53
Stability of the interface of a Hele-Shaw flow with two injection points
Michiaki Onodera
Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 99
Po-54
THE ISOMORPHISM BETWEEN MOTIVIC COHOMOLOGY AND K-GROUPS FOR EQUI-CHARACTERISTIC REGULAR LOCAL
RINGS
Yuki Kato
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-55
Bifurcations in semilinear elliptic equations on thin domains
Toru Kan
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-56
ON THE CURVATURE OF THE PSEUDO-VOLUME FORM
DEFINING THE CARATH_EODORY MEASURE
HYPERBOLICITY
Shin Kikuta
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
100 |
Po-57
Goumldels Incompleteness Theorem Recursively Axiomatizable Theories
and Medvedev Degrees of Unsolvability
Takayuki Kihara
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 101
Po-58
Hypergeometric series on a p-adic field
Kensaku Kinjo
Mathematical Institute Tohoku Univercity D2
Po-59
On Hasse principle of purely transcendental extension field
in one variable
Makoto Sakagaito
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
The map from the Brauer group of a global field to the product of the Brauer groups of the completions (the
local-global map) is known to be injective This classical result is called the Hasse principle In the case of positive
characteristic global fields are algebraic function fields in one variable over finite fields Related to this classical
result I studied the question of whether the Hasse principle holds in the case where the field is a purely transcendental
extension in one variable of any field Assuming a certain property of the edge map of a certain Leray spectral
sequence I ascertained the result that the local-global map of a purely transcendental extension field restricted to a
certain subgroup is injective In the case where m is a natural number prime to the characteristic of the ground field
the subgroup contains the m-torsion-part of the Brauer group of the purely transcendental extension field In the case
where the ground field is a perfect field the subgroup coincides with the Brauer group of the purely transcendental
extension field
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
102 |
Po-60
Large time behavior of solutions for system
of nonlinear damped wave equations
Hiroshi Takeda Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
We consider the Cauchy problem for a system of semilinear damped wave equations with small initial dataWe
derive the asymptotic profile of the nonlinear system corresponding to the results for the nonlinear single equation
and we obtain the sufficient condition of the growth order on the nonlinear term to ensure the existence of the
solution with the optimal decay Our proof is based on the analysis for the fundamental solutions of the linear
damped wave equation
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 103
Po-61
Non-abelian generalization of Iwasawa theory
Kazuaki Tajima
Mathematical Institute D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
104 |
Po-62
The quadratic subextension of the class field of a real quadratic field
Toshihide Doi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-63
Pattern formation by receptor-based models for regeneration
experiments on Hydra
Madoka Nakayama
Mathematical Institute D2 Tohoku University
Hydra is a small animal living in fresh water which is best known for its ability of regeneration When a hydra is
cut into two pieces two hydras will regenerate There has been several mathematical models proposed to describe
this experiment A classical model proposed by Gierer and Meinhardt in 1972 is based on the idea of diffusion-
driven instability between two chemicals called activator and inhibitor Recently Anna Marciniak proposed new
regeneration models from a more biologically refined viewpoint Her models consist of free and bound receptors
ligands and an enzyme and a head is formed at place of higher bound receptor concentration We discuss stability of
its stationary solutions It turns out that the mechanism producing non-trivial spatial patterns has a similarity with that
of MacWilliams reaction diffusion model
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 105
Po-64
The computational methods of canonical heights on elliptic curve
Tadahisa Nara
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Heights of points is numerical size of the points for certain arithmetic Canonical height is one of heights which
is defined on elliptic curves Studying canonical heights gives us information about structure of Mordell-Weil
groups In general canonical height is defined as a limit and it is not easy to compute it In the poster we introduce
more practical methods for computation by Tate and Silverman which are considered to be suitable for also
uniform estimate For an application of that we consider generators on some families of elliptic curves
Po-65
Spatial branching process in random environment
Nishimori Yasuhito
Mathematical Institute D1 Tohoku University
Po-66
On a periodic decomposition of meromorphic functions
Takanao Negishi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
106 |
Po-67
Difficulties of solving problems
Kojiro Higuchi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 107
Po-68
Undecidability and weak theory of concatenation
Yoshihiro Horihata
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-69
Daviesrsquo Conjecture for Pseudo-Schroumldinger Operators and its
Applications to Penalization Problem
Masakuni Matsuura
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
108 |
Po-70
TORSION POINTS OF ABELIAN VARIETIES WITH VALUES IN
INFINITE EXTENSION FIELDS
Yuken Miyasaka
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 109
Po-71
Maximum principle for a biological model related to the motion of
amoebae
Harunori Monobe Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
110 |
Po-72
Asymptotic behaviour of solutions to the drift-diffusion equation
in the whole spaces
Masakazu Yamamoto
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
We consider the initial value problem for the Nernt-Planck drift-diffusion equation in the whole spaces Our
model is a system of the nonlinear parabolic equation and the Poisson equation The drift-diffusion equation is a
model of the plasma dynamics The solutions of this equation stand for the density of the charges and the electric
potential We study the large-time behavior of the solution to the drift-diffusion equation by deriving the asymptotic
expansion of the solution Especially we discuss the contrast between the odd-dimensional cases and the
even-dimensional cases
Po-73
A study of the idea of systematic knowledge On the relation between
nature and spirit in the organizational view of nature
Fukuko Abe
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In the studies of the humanities and science which have become increasingly technical sophisticated and
interdisciplinary the idea of the assimilation of literature and science attracted growing academic interest in recent
years This idea naturally requires not the aggregate but systematic knowledge accompanied by a philosophy that
addresses the question of what it is that we conceive as knowledge It was the German philosophy as it evolved
during the 18-19th century which based on works on systematic or speculative knowledge attempted to establish
an organizational view of nature becoming known under the notion of natural philosophy Here nature and spirit
which were traditionally conceived as divided notions within the mechanical view on nature were now viewed in a
new light as something unified through life Although modern natural philosophy contains a large number of
difficult questions with regard to its present-day validity this study investigates based on the currents of the
organizational view on nature in contemporary philosophy the relation between nature and spirit in this particular
theoretical notion as well as the systematic knowledge itself which attempts to apprehend such an organizational
whole
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 111
Po-74
Medical technology and surrogate decision-making
Haruka Hikasa
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Consensus-building in science technology generally presumes the autonomous individual With regard to
medical technology it is bioethics which emphasizes the principle of respecting the autonomy of the individual Yet
in the case of some patients only insufficient autonomy is granted or may even be absent Consider for example
newborns suffering a serious illness or patients who are in a persistent vegetative state caused by brain death or
who suffer from dementia or mental illness Thus it appears reasonable to engage in an argumentation in order to
seek specific criteria for surrogate decision-making with regard to such incompetent patients
If a patient is not competent allowing this person to choose or to refuse treatment who should be allowed in what
fashion to make a decision in the interest of this patient In conventional bioethics standards for surrogate
decision-making are often distinguished into substituted judgment (pure autonomy) and decisions judged from what
is conceived to be in the best interest of the patient
It appears to me however that these standards involve ethical problems such as the validity of the precedent
autonomy and evaluation of the potential burden of benefits for the patient In this presentation I wish to discuss
the framework of standards for surrogate decision-making in order to make decisions on behalf of individuals
incompetent to seek decisions on their own
Po-75
Humersquos empiricism and the experimental method of reasoning
Hiromichi Sugawara
Philosophy D1 Tohoku University
David Hume was a Scottish philosopher and historian who lived in the 18th
century Humersquos work is usually
classified as the most significant work in the tradition of empiricism Empiricism is generally defined as the view
according to which knowledge and understanding derives from experience (via the senses) The methodology of
Humersquos inquiry is explicitly described in the subtitle of his famous first work A Treatise of Human Nature Being
an Attempt to Introduce the Experimental Method of Reasoning into Moral Subjects It is said that Humersquos method
of reasoning was influenced by the scientific method applied by Newton articulated in his Philosophiae Naturalis
Principia Mathematica However the influence of Newtonrsquos thought on Hume is not necessarily definite Therefore
it seems to me that Humersquos empiricism remains open to various interpretations Therefore in this presentation I
wish to demonstrate the experimental method of reasoning influenced by Newton and the empirical attitude
initially attempted by Hume
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
112 |
Po-76
Epistemic deference and transmission of knowledge
How should we (non-scientists) acquire warranted beliefs about
scientific propositions
Mariko Nihei
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Suppose I have heard that a quark is a fundamental particle from an expert in particle physics and I believe it is
true even though I do not have direct evidence or a clear notion concerning what a quark is or what counts as a
fundamental particle Then how do I know that a quark is a fundamental particle For non-scientists most of
scientific knowledge would fit this situation But at the same time it is difficult to acquire all relevant evidence
concerning particular situations by ourselves because we do not go through extensive specialized training
Moreover there is too much ldquoscientific knowledgerdquo in the world while at the same time our intellect remains too
limited Thus in this presentation drawing on recent arguments about ldquoepistemic deferencerdquo and transmission of
knowledge between non-scientists and scientists (here esp Hardwig 19851988 Brewer 19982006) I attempt to
demonstrate a possible epistemological scheme for how and when we as non-scientists acquire warranted beliefs
about technical or scientific propositions without possessing evidence for such beliefs by our own ability The
conceptual scheme which I will provide here will be useful for the practice of facilitating scientific communication
Po-77
The Finiteness of Human Beings and the Role of Technology
Ryozo Suzuki
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Human beings lead a life in uneasiness and search for something reliable Where does this feeling derive from
What does ldquoreliablerdquo refer to
In the first place organisms fight and eat each other ldquoLiferdquo (in German Leben) produces the tissues of itself and
survives after these die Human beings live in the same fashion We fight for survival kill other lives and produce
children who live over the death of their parents Parents seek the ldquodurabilityrdquo or ldquochangelessnessrdquo of themselves in
their children Hegel points out that this intuition (in German Anschauung) maintains the elementary reliability and
easiness of everyday life Therefore it seems that in here we find the reason why our deepest interest in science
technology at present concentrates on reproductive technologies
According to thinkers such as Hegel or Gehlen technology guards us against excessive emotions which derive
from ldquoliferdquo The process of life gives birth to us Yet life for itself is relevant to the existence of ldquoIrdquo as an individual
Therefore we as individuals possess a fear of death which characterizes life as a notion of ambiguity It is this
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 113
nature which generates a fundamental uneasiness in us From the point of practical significance technology
encompasses a deep relation with the hope for durability (ldquoeternityrdquo) against lifersquos changeability or ambiguity We
tend to favor artificial things which are stable and continue to exist longer than we do (in this sense Gehlen has
pointed out the reason for why human beings come to depend on petrochemistry) Therefore we may say that we
are more fetishistic than ever
Po-78
What is ethically problematic in Biogenetics
Takuma Obara
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In this presentation I will consider some of the ethical problems in biogenetics that we are confronted with
today
With the scientific breakthroughs achieved in biogenetics it will be possible to manipulate the genome Once
we obtain knowledge then there is no return to innocent ignorance If we know how to improve ourselves why
should we abstain from doing so Frankly speaking there are no reasons why we should do so Yet the point here
is that an attempt to achieve onersquos goal with the help of such technology would result in the contrary We are severe
on the difference between what belongs to a person and what does not while we highly value the former Therefore
external manipulations result in failure to gain estimation from other people
We also estimate onersquos efforts to achieve such goal even if those efforts have not been marked by success On
the contrary if one strengthens his common abilities with external manipulations such as drugs we despise such
person However if one reinforces his effort what should we do It is apparent that this person applies external
manipulations while undergoing severe experiences In other words are we able to draw a line of division between
the internal and the external within an individual Moreover should we evaluate a talent belonging to a person
without any conditionality These this presentation wishes to argue describe the actual problems which we should
consider and develop answers to once biogenetic manipulations are realized
Po-79
The ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude
Tetsurou Yamashita
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
If we conceive scientific activities radically that is in terms of the ontological structure of the human being we
may understand that science is not the primary way of our being but a modification of practical activities in
everydayness Through the ontological change from the practical attitude in which we are concerned with beings
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
114 |
(entities) in a specific context we can shift to a theoretical attitude which enables us to thematize beings clearly
from a free (independent) viewpoint The theoretical attitude is a condition for the possibility of the discovery of
beings Yet its discovery confines itself to a limited discovery for the theoretical attitude articulates various ways
of being folded wholly into the practical attitude in everydayness as the foundation for the discovery therefore it
thematizes beings from a voluntary but single viewpoint (way of being) Based on these circumstances in this
presentation I will sketch the process of the ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude while considering the
ontological significance and limits of this theoretical attitude In doing so this presentation will draw heavily on
Martin Heideggerrsquos ontological insights regarding the human being
Po-80
Risk uncertainty and the precautionary principle
How to deal with scientific uncertainty
Yasuhiko Fujio
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In the age of industrialized societies we are exposed to many risks deriving from the development of science
and technology Therefore we are in need of a risk analysis and management in order to coexist with these
numerous risks Many of these approaches addressing such risks are based on the theory of probability or statistics
yet these approaches are not always helpful
We cannot obtain full knowledge of the events occurring in the future thus we must base our risk analysis and
management on probabilistic or statistical approaches and assess the occurrence of events probabilistically or
statistically However there are some realms of science in which we cannot use such approaches because of a lack
of sufficient scientific knowledge with regard to complex phenomena like global warming Notwithstanding we
must make decisions despite such scientific uncertainty caused by insufficient knowledge of events which might
bring about crucial risks
In order to cope with such uncertainty and evade catastrophic disasters we might have to introduce a
ldquoprecautionary principlerdquo which requires that we should adopt approaches such as regulating or banning the use of
chemical substances or technology to protect the human health and the environment despite the lack of sufficient
scientific certainty
In this presentation I wish to examine the notion of scientific uncertainty with regard to complicated events
and the precautionary principle as a reasonable principle for decision making confronted with such uncertainty
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 115
Po-81
The mechanism of suppressed dynamical friction in a constant density
core of dwarf galaxies
Shigeki Inoue
Astronomy D2 Tohoku University
The dynamical friction problem is a long-standing dilemma In dwarf galaxy dynamical friction is too effective for their
globular clusters (hereafter GCs) to keep their orbital motion Nonetheless these GCs do exist even in current dwarfs However
if dwarf galaxies have a cored dark matter halo which has a constant density region in its center the dynamical friction is
significantly weakened (suppressed dynamical friction) But the mechanism of the suppressed dynamical friction has not been
clarified yet By means of N-body simulation I discuss the mechanism of the suppressed dynamical friction
Memo
Tohoku University Aobayama Campus
Aobayama Cumpus
Graduate School Faculty of Science
6-3 Aoba Aramaki Aoba-ku SENDAI 980-8578
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
4 |
GCOE program members
Name Affiliated Department Position TitleSpecialized field
Representative
Akihisa Inoue President of Tohoku University
Program Leader
Kunio Inoue Graduate School of Science ProfessorNeutrino Experiment
Program Members
Ken-ichi Hikasa Graduate School of Science ProfessorParticle Theory
Osamu Hashimoto Graduate School of Science ProfessorNuclear Experiment
Yoshio Kuramoto Graduate School of Science ProfessorCondensed Matter Theory
Yoshiro Hirayama Graduate School of Science ProfessorQuantum Semiconductor Physics
Hirokazu Tamura Graduate School of Science ProfessorNuclear Experiment
Masahiro Yamaguchi Graduate School of Science ProfessorParticle Theory
Riichiro Saito Graduate School of Science ProfessorCondensed Matter Theory
Hitoshi Yamamoto Graduate School of Science ProfessorParticle Experiment
Toshihiro Kawakatsu Graduate School of Science ProfessorCondensed Matter Theory
Teruya Ishihara Graduate School of Science ProfessorSolid state Photo physics
Toshio Kobayashi Graduate School of Science ProfessorNuclear Experiment
Hajime Shimizu Laboratory of Nuclear Science ProfessorNuclear Experiment
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 5
Yasuhiro Sakemi Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center ProfessorNuclear Experiment
Taka-hisa Arima Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials
ProfessorCorrelated-electron Solid State Physics
Kazuyoshi Yamada WPI and Department Physics ProfessorCondensed Spin Matter Physics
Takashi Takahashi WPI and Department Physics ProfessorPhotoemission Solid-State Physics
Katsumi Tanigaki WPI and Department Physics ProfessorSolid State Physics on Nano-Network
Solids
Hideo Kozono Graduate School of Science ProfessorMathematical Physics
Motoko Kotani Graduate School of Science ProfessorDifferential Geometry
Reiko Miyaoka Graduate School of Science ProfessorDifferential Geometry
Eiji Yanagida Graduate School of Science ProfessorNonlinear Analysis
Takashi Shioya Graduate School of Science ProfessorRiemannian Geometry
Takayoshi Ogawa Graduate School of Science ProfessorPartial Differential Equations
Toshifumi Futamase Graduate School of Science ProfessorCosmology and General Relativity
Takashi Ichikawa Graduate School of Science ProfessorExtragalactic Astronomy
Toru Yamada Graduate School of Science ProfessorExtragalactic Astronomy
Makoto Hattori Graduate School of Science Associate ProfessorObservational Cosmology
Keiichi Noe Graduate School of Arts and Letters ProfessorScience Philosophy
Kiyotaka Naoe Graduate School of Arts and Letters Associate ProfessorEthics of Science and
Technology
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
6 |
Symposium location
Aobayama Campus of Faculty of Science Tohoku University
Registration Main Lecture Hall (Feb18-19 830-1300)
Plenary Session Main Lecture Hall (Feb18-19 900-1230)
Special Session Lecture Room 203 2F ldquoSogotohrdquo Building (Feb
1600-1710)
Parallel Collaborative Research Sessions Lecture Rooms 203
204 and 205 2F ldquoSogotohrdquo Building (Feb18-19
1350-1820)
Poster Session Entrance Hall (1F2F) of ldquoSogotohrdquo Building (Feb
18 1710-1830)
Banquet Cafeteria (Feb 19 1820-2020)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 7
Scientific program
Invited speakers
Plenary session
Dr Indranil Mazumdar (Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research India)
Prof Philippe Marcq (Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie Curie Institut Curie France)
Prof Young-Woo Son (Condensed Matter Physics Korea Institute for Advanced Study Korea)
Prof Jenann Ismael (Philosophy University of Arizona USA and University of Sydney Australia)
Prof Ryushi Goto (Mathematics Osaka University Japan)
DrJean Coupon (Astrophysics Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France)
Special session
Prof Jie Meng (Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
Prof Huaizhe Xu (Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University China)
Parallel session
Assistant Prof Hojun Im (Condensed Matter Physics Hirosaki University)
MS Masahiro Futaki (Mathematics The University of Tokyo)
Dr Masahiko Igashira (Philosophy Osaka University)
httpwwwsciencewebtohokuacjpspecialgcoeis2010
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
8 |
Time Table
February 18 Thursday February 19 Friday
900
~
930
ldquoOpeningrdquo Kunio INOUE (Project Leader)
Plenary Session Main Lecture Hall
930
~
1020
Indranil MAZUMDAR
(Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental
Research India)
930
~
1020
Jenann ISMAEL
(Philosophy Univ of Arisona USA and Univ of
Sydney Australia)
1030
~
1120
Philippe MARCQ
(Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie
Curie Institut Curie France)
1030
~
1120
Ryushi GOTO
(Mathematics Osaka University Japan)
1130
~
1220
Young-Woo SON
(Condensed Matter Physics KIAS Korea) 1130
~
1220
Jean COUPON
(Astrophysics Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris
France)
1230
~
1350
Lunch
1230
~
1350
Lunch
Parallel Session Lecture rooms 203 204 and 205
Room 205 204 203 Room 205 204 203
1350
~
1420
Masaki
Asano
(Particle
Theory)
Yoshihiro
Ueda
(Mathematics)
Jinsung Park
(Condensed
Matter
Physics )
1350
~
1420
Yoshiyuki
Onuki
(Particle
Experiment)
Masahiro
Futaki
(Mathematics
University of
Tokyo)
Ken-Ichiro
Imura
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
1430
~
1500
Kazunori
Kohri
(Particle
Theory)
Yuichi
Nohara
(Mathematics)
Tatsuro
Yuge
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
1430
~
1500
Takeshi Koike
(Nuclear
Experiment)
Tatsuki
Kawakami
(Mathematics)
Katsuhiko
Sato
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
1510
~
1540
Masafumi
Kurachi
(Particle
Theory)
Shota Sato
(Mathematics)
Hidekatsu
Nemura
(Nuclear
Theory)
1510
~
1540
Masatoshi
Itoh
(Nuclear
Experiment)
Masahiko
Igashira
(Philosophy
Osaka
University)
Hojun Im
(Condensed
Matter
Physics
Hirosaki
Univiersity)
1540
~
1600
Coffee Break
1540
~
1610
Coffee Break
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 9
Special Session Room 203
1610
~
1640
Yousuke Itoh
(Astronomy)
Masaru
Yonehara
(Philosophy)
Seigo Souma
(Condensed
Matter
Physics) 1600
~
1630
Jie Meng
(Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
1635
~
1705
Huaizhe Xu
(Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University
China)
1650
~
1720
Tomohiro
Yoshikawa
(Astronomy)
Shun Sato
(Philosophy)
Ryo Nouchi
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
Poster Session Entrance hall Collaborative Research Session
1710
~
1830
Research Assistants present their research
(Posters will be exhibited until 1330 of
February 19 Fri)
1730
~
1800
Takatsugu
Ishikawa
(Physics)
Katsuhiko
Sato
(Physics)
Yousuke
Itoh
(Astronomy)
Yuri Shimizu
(Physics)
Keita
Yokoyama
(Mathematics)
Yosuke
Takubo
(Physics)
Sumio
Yamada
(Mathematics)
1820
~
2000
Banquet
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
10 |
SpeakersTitles
February 18 Thursday
0930 - Kunio INOUE (GCOE program leader) ndash ldquoOpening addressrdquo (Main Lecture Hall)
Plenary Session
Chairmen H Tamura T Kawakatsu Y Hirayama Main Lecture Hall
0930 -1020 Indranil MAZUMDAR (Chairman H Tamura)
(Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research India)
ldquoHalo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fanordquo
1030 ndash 1120 Philippe MARCQ (Chairman T Kawakatsu)
(Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie Curie Institut Curie France)
ldquoMechanics of Stress Fibersrdquo
1130 ndash 1220 Young-Woo SON (Chairman Y Hirayama)
(Condensed Matter Physics KIAS Korea)
ldquoRelativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters ndash Graphene and othersrdquo
1230 ndash 1350 Lunch
Parallel Session A - Particle Nuclear Astro-physics Group
Chairman K Hikasa Room205
1350 ndash 1420 Masaki ASANO (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoGeneral WIMP search at International Linear Colliderrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Kazunori KOHRI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoPrimordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmologyrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masafumi KURACHI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoHiggsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breakingrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Parallel Session B ndash Condensed Matter Physics Group Nuclear Physics
Chairman R Saito Room203
1350 ndash 1420 Jinsung PARK (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University )
ldquoExciton effect of Raman resonance window of single wall carbon nanotubesrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Tatsuro YUGE (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoProperties of response function of nonequilibrium steady staterdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Hidekatsu NEMURA (Nuclear Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoHyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCDrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Parallel Session C ndash Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Chairman H Kozono Room204
1350 ndash 1420 Yoshihiro UEDA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoApplication of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem for damped wave equation
with non-convexityrdquo
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 11
1430 ndash 1500 Yuichi NOHARA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoToric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systemsrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Shota SATO (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoSingular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of a Semilinear Parabolic Equationrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Special Session
Chairman O Hashimoto Room203
1600 ndash 1630 Jie Meng
(Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
ldquoCovariant density functional theory for Nuclear structure and application in astrophysicsrdquo
1635 ndash 1705 Huaizhe Xu (Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University China)
ldquoControl of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism in ZnO based
DMSrdquo
Poster Session
Entrance hall of ldquoSogotohrdquo
1710 ndash 1830 80 Research assistants present their research
February 19 Friday
Plenary Session
Chairmen K Naoe R Miyaoka T Futamase Main Lecture Hall
0930 -1020 Jenann ISMAEL (Philosophy University of Arizona USA and University of Sydney
Australia) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoA Fresh Direction for Quantum Research What Might Entanglement Be Telling Usrdquo
1030 ndash 1120 Ryushi GOTO (Mathematics Osaka University Japan) (Chairman R Miyaoka)
ldquoCalabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structuresrdquo
1130 ndash 1220 Jean COUPON (Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France)
(Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoProbing the large scale structure in the Universe with CFHTLSrdquo
1230 ndash 1350 Lunch
Parallel Session A ndash Particle Nuclear Astro-physics Group
Chairmen H Tamura T Futamase Room205
1350 ndash 1420 Yoshiyuki ONUKI (Particle Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoMeasurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle angle phi3 at Belle experimentrdquo
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
12 |
1430 ndash 1500 Takeshi KOIKE (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoHypernuclear γ-ray spectroscopy at J-PARCrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masatoshi ITOH (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoSearch for the alpha cluster condensed state in 16
0rdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University) (Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoA dipole anisotropy of galaxy distribution Does the CMB rest frame exist in the local universerdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Tomohiro YOSHIKAWA (Astronomy Tohoku University) (Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoMOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies at the Star-Forming Epoch of the Universerdquo
Parallel Session B ndash Condensed Matter Physics Group
Chairmen Y Kuramoto T Takahashi Room203
1350 ndash 1420 Ken-Ichiro IMURA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoFrom graphene to Z2 topological insulatorrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Katsuhiko SATO (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoShear-induced phase separation of complex fluidsrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Hojun IM (Condensed Matter Physics Hirosaki University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoCe 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum critical point
a resonant angle-resolved photoemission studyrdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Seigo SOUMA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Takahashi)
ldquoSpin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of Rashba effect on semi-metal surfacerdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Ryo NOUCHI (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Takahashi)
ldquoMetal-contact effect on graphenerdquo
Parallel Session C ndash Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Chairmen T Shioya K Naoe Room204
1350 ndash 1420 Masahiro FUTAKI (Mathematics The University of Tokyo) (Chairman T Shioya)
ldquoAround Homological Mirror Symmetryrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Tatsuki KAWAKAMI (Mathematics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Shioya)
ldquoOn the heat equation in a half space with a nonlinear boundary conditionrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masahiko IGASHIRA (Philosophy Osaka University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoAn Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mindrdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Masaru YONEHARA (Philosophy Tohoku University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoUtilitarianism and Rawlsrdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Shun SATO (Philosophy Tohoku University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoHusserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience in Transcendental Phenomenologyrdquo
Collaborative Research Session A
Chairman K Inoue Room205
1730 ndash 1740 Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoResearch Center for Electron Photon Science (Laboratory of Nuclear Science) Development of an
electro-magnetic calorimter made up of ceramic PrLuAG scintillatorrdquo
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 13
1740 ndash 1750 Yuri SHIMIZU (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoStudy of geo neutrinos with KamLANDrdquo
1750 ndash 1800 Sumio YAMADA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoGeometric Analysis on Einstein Equationrdquo
Collaborative Research Session B
Chairman H Yamamoto Room203
1730 ndash 1740 Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
ldquoStudy of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed matter in gravitational wave
astronomyrdquo
1745 ndash 1755 Yosuke TAKUBO (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoDevelopment of Readout Board for FPCCD Detectorrdquo
Collaborative Research Session C
Chairman T Ogawa Room204
1730 ndash 1840 Katsuhiko SATO (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoTheoretical formulation of morphology dynamics of membranes based on a combination of
mathematical models and differential geometryrdquo
1745 ndash 1755 Keita YOKOYAMA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoThe search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics from the logical and
philosophical point of viewrdquo
1820 ndash 2000 Banquet
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
14 |
Talks
Plenary Session
Talk-1 ldquoHalo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fanordquo
Indranil MAZUMDAR (Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research India)
Talk-2 ldquoMechanics of Stress Fibersrdquo
Philippe MARCQ (Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie Curie Institut Curie France)
Talk-3 ldquoRelativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters ndash Graphene and othersrdquo
Young-Woo SON (Physics KIAS Korea)
Talk-4 ldquoA Fresh Direction for Quantum Research What Might Entanglement Be Telling Usrdquo
Jenann ISMAEL (Philosophy University of Arizona USA and University of Sydney Australia)
Talk-5 ldquoCalabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structuresrdquo
Ryushi GOTO (Mathematics Osaka University Japan)
Talk-6 ldquoProbing the large scale structure in the Universe with CFHTLSrdquo
Jean COUPON (Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France)
Special Session
Talk-7 ldquoCovariant density functional theory for Nuclear structure and application in astrophysicsrdquo
Jie Meng (Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
Talk-8 ldquoControl of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism in ZnO based DMS rdquo
Huaizhe Xu (Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University China)
Parallel Session A ndash ParticleNuclearAstoro- Physics Group
Talk-9 ldquoGeneral WIMP search at International Linear Colliderrdquo
Masaki ASANO (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-10 ldquoPrimordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmologyrdquo
Kazunori KOHRI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 15
Talk-11 ldquoHiggsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breakingrdquo
Masafumi KURACHI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-12 ldquoMeasurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle angle phi3 at Belle
experimentrdquo
Yoshiyuki ONUKI (Particle Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-13 ldquoHypernuclear γ-ray spectroscopy at J-PARCrdquo
Takeshi KOIKE (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-14 ldquoSearch for the alpha cluster condensed state in 16
0rdquo
Masatoshi ITOH (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-15 ldquoA dipole anisotropy of galaxy distribution Does the CMB rest frame exist in the local
universerdquo
Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Talk-16 ldquoMOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies at the Star-Forming Epoch
of the Universerdquo
Tomohiro YOSHIKAWA (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Parallel Session B - Condensed Matter Group Nuclear Physics
Talk-17 ldquo Exciton effect of Raman resonance window of single wall carbon nanotubesrdquo
Jinsung PARK (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-18 ldquoProperties of response function of nonequilibrium steady staterdquo
Tatsuro YUGE (Condensed Matter Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-19 ldquoHyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCDrdquo
Hidekatsu NEMURA (Nuclear Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-20 ldquo From graphene to Z2 topological insulatorrdquo
Ken-Ichiro IMURA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-21 ldquoShear-induced phase separation of complex fluidsrdquo
Katsuhiko SATO (Condensed Matter Theory Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
16 |
Talk-22 ldquoCe 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum critical point
a resonant angle-resolved photoemission studyrdquo
Hojun IM (Condensed Matter Physics Hirosaki University)
Talk-23 ldquoSpin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of Rashba effect on semi-metal surfacerdquo
Seigo SOUMA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-24 ldquoMetal-contact effect on graphenerdquo
Ryo NOUCHI (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Parallel Session C - Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Talk-25 ldquoApplication of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem for damped wave
equation with non-convexityrdquo
Yoshihiro UEDA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-26 ldquoToric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systemsrdquo
Yuichi NOHARA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-27 ldquoSingular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of a Semilinear Parabolic Equationrdquo
Shota SATO (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-28 ldquoAround Homological Mirror Symmetryrdquo
Masahiro FUTAKI (Mathematics the University of Tokyo)
Talk-29 ldquoOn the heat equation in a half space with a nonlinear boundary conditionrdquo
Tatsuki KAWAKAMI (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-30 ldquoAn Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mindrdquo
Masahiko IGASHIRA (Frontier Biosciences Osaka University)
Talk-31 ldquoUtilitarianism and Rawlsrdquo
Masaru YONEHARA (Philosophy Tohoku University)
Talk-32 ldquoHusserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience in Transcendental
Phenomenologyrdquo
Shun SATO (Philosophy Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 17
Parallel Session ndash Collaborative Research
Talk-33 ldquoDevelopment of an electro-magnetic calorimter made up of ceramic PrLuAG scintillatorrdquo
Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-34 ldquoStudy of geo neutrinos with KamLANDrdquo
Yuri SHIMIZU (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-35 ldquoGeometric Analysis on Einstein Equationrdquo
Sumio YAMADA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-36 ldquoStudy of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed matter in gravitational
wave astronomyrdquo
Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Talk-37 ldquoDevelopment of Readout Board for FPCCD Detectorrdquo
Yosuke TAKUBO (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-38 ldquoTheoretical formulation of morphology dynamics of membranes based on a combination of
mathematical models and differential geometryrdquo
Katsuhiko SATO (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-39 ldquoThe search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics from the logical and
philosophical point of viewrdquo
Keita YOKOYAMA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
18 |
Poster presentations PO no Title Name
1 Coherent control of excited states by multipulse photo excitation
Kenta Abe (Physics D2 Tohoku Univ)
2 de Haas ndashvan Alphen effect studies in the Antiferro-Quadrupolar ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3
Toshiyuki Isshiki (Physics D3 Tohoku Univ)
3 Measurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum in the Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHC
Takumi Ito (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
4 In situ NMR imaging of lithium- ion batteries during chargedischarge cycle
Yoshiki Iwai (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
5 Crack propagation in largely deformed rubber sheet
Daiki Endo (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
6 Optical response of photonic crystal with multi-layered structure
Rihei Endo (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
7 Pseudo-spin Kondo effect in a capacitively-coupled parallel double quantum dot
Yuma OKAZAKI (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
8 Spin and charge dynamics in a photo-excited double exchange system
Yu Kanamori (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
9 Observation of 8B Solar Neutrinos with KamLAND
Yoshiaki Kibe (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
10 z~3 LYMAN BREAK GALAXY CLUSTER SURVEY IN SSA22 WITH VIMOS
Katsuki Kousai (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
11 EELS and SXES studies of electronic structures of Al-TM alloys
Shogo Koshiya (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
12 Comparison of membrane physical property changes between DMPC membrane and DMPE membrane induced by melittin
Atsuji Kodama (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
13 Resonant x-ray scattering experiment on Pr(Ru1-xRhx)4P12
Kotaro Saito (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
14 Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
15 Pressure dependence of B-T phase diagram in heavy-fermion superconductor CeRhSi3
Tetsuya Sugawara (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
16 Neutral meson photoproduction with electromagnetic calorimeter complex FOREST
Koutaku Suzuki (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
17 Micro-photoluminescence around spin phase transition of ν=23 fractional quantum Hall regime
Jun-ichiro Hayakawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 19
18 Ionic conductivity of Trehalose-Water-Lithium iodide mixture in glass and supercooled liquid state
Reiji Takekawa (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
19 Progress of the new DAQ system for wide-band solar neutrino observation with KamLAND
Takemoto Yasuhiro (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
20 Double Chooz PMT preparation
TABATA Hiroshi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
21 Effects of lanthanoid ion on phosphate head groups in DMPC membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures
Kouya Tamatsukuri (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
22 Status of double beta decay experiment with KamLAND
Azusa Terashima (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
23 Simulations on Dynamics of Wormlike Micellar System Using Particle-Field Hybrid Models
Masatoshi Toda (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
24 Magneto-dielectric phenomena in charge ordered system with frustrated geometrical lattice
Makoto Naka (PhysicsD2 Tohoku University)
25 Pi-mesonic decays of Λ hypernuclei
Yoji Nakagawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
26 Axionic Mirage Mediation
Shuntaro Nakamura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
27 The Study of the Origin of Lyman alpha Emitters with Large Equivalent Widths
Yuki Nakamura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
28 Ultrafast broadband THz response of photo-induced metallic state in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF )2I3
Hideki Nakaya (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
29 Ring-Exchange interaction in Orbital Degenerate System
Joji Nasu (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
30 Shape Memory Effect Induced by Magnetic-Field Rotation in MnV2O4 Spinel Compound
Yoichi Nii (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
31 The ω meson photoproduction on the nucleon in the threshold region
Ryo HASHIMOTO (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
32 Prototype fast imaging detector for YN-scattering
Ryotaro Honda (Physics M1Tohoku University)
33 Ground state phase diagram of graphene in a high Landau level A density matrix renormalization group study
Tatsuya Higashi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
34 Investigation of the n (K0) reaction near the threshold
KFutatsukawa (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
35 Traffic flow of two lanes with a bottleneck
Sho Furuhashi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
20 |
36 Staggered Order with Kondo and Crystalline Field Singlets in f2 System
Shintaro Hoshino (Physics D1Tohoku University)
37 Proton elastic scattering of 9C at 290 MeV
Yohei Matsuda (Physics Assistant professor Tohoku University)
38 High Resolution and High Statistics Λ Hypernuclear Spectroscopy by the (eersquoK+) Reaction
Akihiko Matsumura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
39 External Gamma-ray Backgrounds of the KamLAND Detector
Yukie Minekawa (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
40 Higgs Triplet Model
Yusuke Motoki (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
41 Electron diffraction study of the low temperature phase of Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16
Daisuke Morikawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
42 Light scattering by collective excitation of phonon in quantum paraelectrics
Ryuta Takano (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
43 Formation of the Milky Way Based on the Analysis of Kinematics and Chemical Abundance of the Outer Halo Stars
Miho Ishigaki (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
44 Searching for Luminous Core-Collapsed Supernovae in a High-z Proto-Cluster
Nana Morimoto (Astronomy D1 Tohoku University)
45 A Study of Light Curves from Rapidly Rotating Neutron Stars
Kazutoshi Numata (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
46 CMB Bispectrum from the Second-Order Cosmological Perturbations
Daisuke Nitta (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
47 General Properties of Non-Radial Pulsations
Aprilia (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
48 A Study on Mathematical Fuzzy Logic
Ahmad Termimi Bin Ab Ghani (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
49 Some space-time integrability estimates of the solution for heat equations in two dimension
Norisuke Ioku ( Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
50 Well-posedness for Navier-Stokes equations in modulation spaces with negative derivative indices
Tsukasa Iwabuchi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
51 The soul conjecture for Riemannian orbifolds
Naoki Oishi ( Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
52 A new approach to the existence of harmonic maps
Toshiaki Omori (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
53 Stability of the interface of a Hele-Shaw flow with two injection points
Michiaki Onodera (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 21
54 THE ISOMORPHISM BETWEEN MOTIVIC COHOMOLOGY ANDK-GROUPS FOR
EQUI-CHARACTERISTIC REGULAR LOCAL RINGS
Yuki Kato (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
55 Bifurcations in semilinear elliptic equations on thin domains
Toru Kan (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
56 ON THE CURVATURE OF THE PSEUDO-VOLUME FORM DEFINING THE CARATH_EODORY
MEASURE HYPERBOLICITY
Shin Kikuta (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
57 Goumldels Incompleteness Theorem Recursively Axiomatizable Theories and Medvedev Degrees of Unsolvability
Takayuki Kihara (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
58 Hypergeometric series on a p-adic field
Kensaku Kinjo (Mathematics D2 Tohoku Univercity)
59 On Hasse principle of purely transcendental extension field in one variable
Makoto Sakagaito (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
60 Large time behavior of solutions for system of nonlinear damped wave equations
Hiroshi Takeda (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
61 Non-abelian generalization of Iwasawa theory
Kazuaki Tajima (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
62 The quadratic subextension of the class field of a real quadratic field
Toshihide Doi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
63 Pattern formation by receptor-based models for regeneration experiments on Hydra
Madoka Nakayama (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
64 The computational methods of canonical heights on elliptic curve
Tadahisa Nara (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
65 Spatial branching process in random environment
Nishimori Yasuhito (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
66 On a periodic decomposition of meromorphic functions
Takanao Negishi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
67 Difficulties of solving problems
Kojiro Higuchi (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
68 Undecidability and weak theory of concatenation
Yoshihiro Horihata (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
69 Daviesrsquo Conjecture for Pseudo-Schroumldinger Operators and its Applications to Penalization Problem
Masakuni Matsuura (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
70 TORSION POINTS OF ABELIAN VARIETIES WITH VALUES IN INFINITE EXTENSION FIELDS
Yuken Miyasaka (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
71 Maximum principle for a biological model related to the motion of amoebae
Harunori Monobe (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
22 |
72 Asymptotic behavior of solutions to the drift-diffusion equation in the whole spaces
Masakazu Yamamoto (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
73 A study of the idea of systematic knowledge
On the relation between nature and spirit in the organizational view of nature
Fukuko Abe (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
74 Medical technology and surrogate decision-making
Haruka Hikasa (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
75 Humersquos empiricism and the experimental method of reasoning
Hiromichi Sugawara (Philosophy D1 Tohoku University)
76 Epistemic deference and transmission of knowledge
How should we (non-scientists) acquire warranted beliefs about scientific propositions
Mariko Nihei (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
77 The Finiteness of Human Beings and the Role of Technology
Ryozo Suzuki (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
78 What is ethically problematic in Biogenetics
Takuma Obara (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
79 The ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude
Tetsurou Yamashita (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
80 Risk uncertainty and the precautionary principle How to deal with scientific uncertainty
Yasuhiko Fujio (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
81 The mechanism of suppressed dynamical friction in a constant density core of dwarf galaxies
Shigeki Inoue (Astronomy D2 Tohoku University)
82
83
84
85
86
87
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 23
Abstracts of Talks
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
24 |
Plenary Session
Talk-1
Halo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fano
Indranil Mazumdar
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai 400 005 India
Abstract
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 25
Talk-02
Mechanics of stress fibers
Abstract
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
26 |
Talk-03
Relativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters - Graphene
and others
Young-Woo Son
Korea Institute for Advanced Study
Abstract
Over the last thirty years researchers from various disciplines have interested in the physical properties of
carbon allotropes Half a decade ago a new carbon crystal called graphene was isolated Graphene a hexagonal
lattice of carbon atoms in the two-dimension is a condensed matter realization of the relativistic two-dimensional
Dirac equation After the successful isolations graphene has shown a cornucopia of interesting new physical
phenomena with an exponentially increasing literature The subtle interplays between electronic magnetic optical
geometrical and chemical properties in graphene have offered knotty riddles in various experiments as well as
various theoretical predictions to be verified Beyond its pure scientific thrusts there have been interests in radical
alternatives made of graphene to the conventional electronic devices In this talk I will discuss my recent works as
well as recent progress made in this exciting and fast moving field
Talk-04
Fresh Directions for Quantum Research
What Might Entanglement Be Telling Us
Jenann Ismael
University of Arizona University of Sydney
Abstract
Following a suggestion of David Bohmrsquos I will explore the possibility that phenomena associated with
entanglement and complementarity in quantum mechanics intimate a fundamentally non-spatiotemporal ordering to
reality
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 27
Talk-05
Calabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structures
Ryushi Goto
Osaka University
Abstract
The problem of constructing complete Ricci-flat Einstein manifolds is important for both Physicists and
geometers When the manifolds are compact and Kahler the problem is completely answered by Calabi and Yau
While it is mysterious and difficult for non-compact Kahler manifolds In this talk I will discuss a construction of
Ricci-flat metrics on a class of non-compact Kahler manifolds whose boundary are the cone of the Einstein-Sasaki
manifolds Einstein-Sasaki manifolds are the odd dimensional Einstein manifolds and recently new examples of
irregulat Einstein-Sasaki manifolds are discovered I will show that all resolution of the cone of Einstein-Sasaki
manifolds admit complete Ricci-flat Kahler metrics in every Kahler class by solving the Monge-Ampere equation
Many examples of Ricci-flat Kahler metrics arise as the resolution of the cone
Talk-06
Probing the Large Scale Structure in the Universe with the CFHTLS
Jean Coupon
Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France Tohoku University
Abstract
This talk focuses on the present and ongoing results of the Canada-France-Hawaii Legacy Survey (CFHTLS)
Recent progresses in observational cosmology have put tight constraints on the Standard Cosmological Model but
Dark Matter and Dark Energy remain the main unsolved questions By measuring the matter power spectrum in the
Universe one is able to study the properties and evolution of the Dark content I will present two complementary
methods among the most powerful ones to explore the large scale structure in the Universe First is the probe of the
total amount of matter through weak gravitational lensing (cosmic shear) and second is the study of galaxy
clustering in the framework of the Dark Matter halo model In addition considering that photometric redshifts are
solely capable to be measured for millions of galaxies I will demonstrate why they are essential to modern
cosmology and how to estimate precise values I will explain why the CFHTLS is best suited for these kinds of
analysis and I will show the most recent results Although cosmic shear probes are a very promising tool I will
explain why it is also challenging In particular I will emphasize some of the problems faced by observers
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
28 |
Special Session
Talk-07
COVARIANT DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY FOR NUCLEAR
STRUCTURE AND APPLICATION IN ASTROPHYSICS
J Meng
School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering Beihang University
Beijing 100191 China
The covariant density functional theory (DFT) with a minimal number of parameters allows a very successful
phenomenological description of ground state properties of nuclei all over the periodic table Recent progresses on
the application of the covariant density functional theory as well as its extensions by the group in Beijing for a
series of interests and hot topics in nuclear astrophysics and nuclear structure are reviewed including the rapid
neutron-capture process ThU chronometer halo and giant halo in density dependent relativistic
Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov and neutron halo in deformed nuclei
Talk-08
Control of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism
in ZnO based DMS
Huaizhe Xu
Department of Physics Beihang University Beijing 100191 P R China
Diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) have attracted growing interest because of their rich physics and
potential for new device applications in the field of spintronics However a basic requirement for practical
applications of ferromagnetic DMS is the achievement of Curie temperatures TC well exceeding room temperature
Based on the mean field theory Dietl et al had predicted that transition-metal doped ZnO might be one of the most
prospective candidates for realizing room-temperature DMS which had stimulated a great of interesting on the
ZnO based DMS However as the evidences for both intrinsic and the extrinsic ferromagnetism of Zn1-xCoxO have
been experimentally observed the origin of the ferromagnetism was in intensive dispute In order to clear the
confusions on the structure and the ferromagnetic origin of Zn1-xCoxO we have systemically investigated the
structure and the ferromagnetism of the Zn1-xCoxO nanocrystals Our experimental results indicate that
bull The Co doping concentration in ZnO nanocrystals is only 5 The Co distribution in the nanocrystals is
inhomogeneous for the self-purification mechanism
bull The ferromagnetism of Zn095Co005O has great variations via different post-annealing treatment (O2 Ar
and H2 respectively)The variations of ferromagnetism owing to increase of Vorsquos and the formation of
Co-H-Co stable structures
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 29
bull P-type doping can improve the magnetic coupling between Co ions which is supported by the BMPs
model
bull The inhomogeneous distribution of TM may be the main reason of the current controversy in experimental
results on many of the highly crystallized DMS It should be seriously taken into account in future DMSs
study
Reference
[1] Jianjun Li Weichang Hao Huaizhe Xu et al Journal of Applied Physics 2009 106 063915
[2] Jianjun Li Weichang Hao Huaizhe Xu et al Journal of Applied Physics 2009 105 053907
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
30 |
Parallel Session A (ParticleAstronomy)
Talk-09
General WIMP search at International Linear Collider
Masaki Asano
Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Existence of dark matter in our universe has already been established by recent cosmological observation such
as the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe experiment The most plausible candidate for dark matter is a
Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) Models of the physics beyond the standard model contain a
candidate for WIMP dark matter other new particles (eg charged heavy particle X^-) and new vertices (eg
(WIMP X^- W^+)) We study the process e^+ e^- X^+ X^- WIMP W+ WIMP W^- in order to distinguish
the dark matter nature in the International Linear Collider (ILC) From the study of this process new particle
masses and parameters can be determined very accurately In particular angular distributions are the powerful
probe to investigate the spin of new particles In this study we consider candidates for WIMPs in the
supersymmetric model the little Higgs model and the inert doublet model We investigate the sensitivity of the
measurements to dark matter nature at the ILC based on a realistic Monte Carlo simulation
Talk-10
Primordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmology
Kazunori Kohri
Physics Assistant Tohoku University
Abstract
When we study phenomena occurred at the beginning of the Universe we have to have a birds-eye nature-view for
the hierarchy of physics and employ all connected fields in physics such as particle physics nuclear physics
general relativity astrophysics and cosmology Thus the GCOE program in Tohoku University should be perfect for
us to accomplish this purpose
So far we have confirmed that the standard big-bang cosmology can describe the Universe correctly as far back as
the cosmic time is one second at which big-bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) starts because theoretical predictions of
light element abundances in BBN completely agree with observations Therefore that epoch is the earliest one
after which we understand the Universe by using theoretical physics
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 31
On the other hand in modern particle physics beyond the standard model variety of new phenomena are predicted
in earlier epochs We can check if those new theories are consistent with observations by comparing light element
abundances predicted in each theory with observational data since these new theories easily affect the light element
abundances Thus BBN can verify those hypothetical theories and probe the earlier Universe
In this talk I would like to discuss recent topics in particle cosmology which relates with verifications of new
theories such as supersymmety (SUSY)
Talk-11
Higgsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breaking
Masafumi Kurachi
Physics Assistant Professor Tohoku University
Abstract
It is known that masses of elementary particles are explained by the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the
electroweak symmetry however the origin of the electroweak symmetry breaking has not been identified so far In
the Standard Model of the elementary particles the spontaneous electroweak symmetry breaking is achieved by
introducing an as yet undiscovered scalar particle (Higgs particle) and letting them have the vacuum expectation
value It is true that the Standard Model with Higgs particle is consistent with numerous numbers of experiments
which have been done so far however Higgs sector of the Standard Model itself has several theoretical problems
One of the most serious problem is the hierarchy problem which originates from the fact that the mass of the scalar
particle is not protected by the symmetry in the Standard Model Because of this many models beyondalternative
to the Standard Model has been proposed In this talk Id like to introduce a Higgsless model as an example of such
models which tries to cure the problem in the Standard Model In the Higgsless model because the Higgs particle is
removed from the Standard Model there is no hierarchy problem from the beginning As a possible new particle
which appears at a TeV scale vector meson is introduced in the model I will explain how to write down the
Lagrangian which describe this situation namely Standard Model - Higgs + vector resonance
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
32 |
Talk-12
Measurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle
angle phi3 at Belle experiment
Yoshiyuki Onuki
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Within the standard model CP violation arises due to a single phase in Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM)
quark mixing matrix Precise measurements of CKM matrix parameters therefore constrain the standard model
and may reveal new source of CP violation Various methods have been proposed to determine the unitarity triangle
angle phi3 of the CKM matrix with B-gtDX decay modes where X represents one or more light mesons In this talk
current experimental status and future prospects of phi3 measurements at Belle experiment will be summarized
Talk-13
Hypernuclear g-ray spectroscopy at J-PARC
Takeshi Koike
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Ordinary matter around us is made of at a subatomic level protons and neutrons However inside of a neutron star
there is a possibility that a matter made of strange particles as well exists These strange particles are called as
hyperons which distinguish themselves from protons and neutrons in having a strange quark or a strange quantum
number A nucleus with a hyperon(s) is then called a hypernucleus Studies of hypernucleus provide us with more
general and unified understanding of nuclear force which is one of the four fundamental forces of nature know to
mankind
Hypernuclei on Earth have artificially been created using particle beams provided by accelerators and been
actively studied experimentally The ongoing experimental efforts have entered a new phase with a commissioning
of an intense proton accelerator J-PARC in Tokai Japan since 2009 One of the main experiments that is planed
and prepared at the J-PARC facility is an ultra precise investigation of structures of various hypenuclei via the
gamma-ray spectroscopy using an array of high purity Germanium detector named as Hyperball-J
In this presentation the present status of Hyperball-J now being constructed will be reported as well as main
physics themes that the experiment strives to reveal
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 33
Talk-14
Search for the alpha condensed state in 16
O
Masatoshi Itoh
Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
34 |
Talk-15
A Dipole Anisotropy of Galaxy Distribution
Does the CMB Rest Frame Exist in the Local Universe
Yousuke Itoh
Astronomy Tohoku University
Abstract
The peculiar motion of the Earth causes a dipole anisotropy modulation in the distant galaxy distribution due to
the aberration effect However the amplitude and angular direction of the effect is not necessarily the same as those
of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) dipole anisotropy due to the growth of cosmic structures In other
words exploring the aberration effect may give us a clue to the horizon-scale physics perhaps related to the cosmic
acceleration In this paper we develop a method to explore the dipole angular modulation from the pixelized galaxy
data on the sky properly taking into account the covariances due to the shot noise and the intrinsic galaxy clustering
contamination as well as the partial sky coverage We applied the method to the galaxy catalogs constructed from
the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 6 data After constructing the four galaxy catalogs that are
different in the ranges of magnitudes and photometric redshifts we found that the two samples of fainter
magnitudes indicate a non-zero dipole anisotropy with amplitudes greater than that of the CMB dipole by a factor
10 and in the angular direction consistent with the CMB direction although the dipole signal is weaker for the other
two samples and is found sensitive to an inclusion of the Southern Galactic Hemisphere region The indicated
bulk-flow amplitude is also not inconsistent with the result implied from a stacked analysis of the kinetic
Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect of X-ray luminous clusters in Kashlinsky et al (20082009) Finally we argue that an
almost full-sky galaxy survey such as LSST may allow for a significant detection of the aberration effect of the
CMB dipole having the precision of constraining the angular direction to ~ 20 degrees in radius
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 35
Talk-16
MOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies
at the Star-Forming Epoch of the Universe
Tomohiro Yoshikawa
Astronomy Tohoku University
Abstract
Recent studies revealed that a significant fraction of stars in the present-day galaxies were formed when the age
of the universe was about a half of the present about a half of the stellar mass in the present universe is formed
during the several Gyrs In order to understand the buildup of stellar mass in galaxies at this epoch it is crucial to
examine the relationship of star formation rate (SFR) to stellar mass However fluxes from distant universe are
redshifted due to the expansion of the universe so that optical fluxes in rest-frame which provide stellar masses
and SFRs of galaxies are redshifted to near-infrared wavelengths
In this talk we present the results of near-infrared multi-object spectroscopic observations for 37 star-forming
galaxies at the high-redshift universe The observations are conducted with Multi-Object InfraRed Camera and
Spectrograph (MOIRCS) on the Subaru Telescope The sample is drawn from the Ks-band (22μm) selected
catalog of the MOIRCS Deep Survey (MODS) in the GOODS-N region To preferentially select actively
star-forming galaxies we put higher priority on the galaxies identified in the publicly available 24μm-source
catalog of the Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer (MIPS)
Hα emission lines were detected from 23 galaxies of which the median redshift is 212 We derived the SFRs
from extinction-corrected Hα luminosities and compared them with stellar masses estimated by SED fitting using
multi-band photometric data covering across UV and near-infrared wavelengths The comparison shows no
correlation between SFR and stellar mass Some galaxies with stellar mass smaller than ~1010
M show SFR
higher than ~100 M yr-1
The specific SFRs (SFR per unit stellar mass SSFRs) of these galaxies are remarkably
high galaxies which have SSFR higher than ~10-8
yr-1
are found in 8 of the present sample The large SFR
implies the possibility that the high SSFR galaxies significantly contribute to the cosmic SFR density of the
universe at z~2 We discuss the star-forming properties of the high SSFR galaxies
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
36 |
Parallel Session B (Condensed MatterNuclear)
Talk-17
Exciton effect of the Raman resonance window of
single wall carbon nanotubes
Jin Sung Park
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
In the Raman excitation profile (RRP) that is Raman intensity as functions of excitation energy an important
parameter for evaluating the population of SWNTs is the Raman resonance window which is defined by an
energy full width at half maximum in the RRP In quantum mechanics is obtained by the uncertainty relation for
the lifetime of the exciton A dominant origin of the lifetime of the exciton in the Raman scattering process is an
inelastic scattering by emitting or absorbing phonons In the previous paper we have calculated the carrier lifetime
by considering electron-phonon interaction and the Fermi golden rule [1] In the case of semicondcuting (S-)
SWNT the calculated values are in a good agreement with the experiment However some deviation between
calculation and experiment appears in a different way for type I and II S-SWNTs in which type I and II S-SWNTs
are defined respectively by [mod(2n+m3)=1] and [mod(2n+m3)=2] for a (nm) SWNT In fact the experimental
values for the type I S-SWNTs are smaller than the calculated ones while those for the type II S-SWNTs are larger
than the calculated one A possible reason for this deviation might come from the exciton effect which we did not
consider in the previous calculation For improving the deviation we calculate the value by considering
exciton-phonon interaction The exciton-phonon matrix element for the electron scattering process can be obtained
by the electron-phonon matrix element weighted by the exciton wave function coefficient [2] which depends on the
chiral angle and diameter In the previous calculation [2] we use a simple tight binding wavefunction for
exciton-phonon interaction but recently the exciton-phonon interaction is calculated by extended tight binding
method We will report the new calculated values and compare with the recent precise measurement by single
nanotube spectroscopy
Reference
1) J S Park et al Phys Rev B 74 165414 (2006)
2) J Jiang et al Phys Rev B 75 035405 (2007)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 37
Talk-18
Properties of response function of nonequilibrium steady state
Tatsuro YUGE
IIAIR Tohoku University
Abstract
Response to an external probe provides various information of a system and is one of the most important
characterizations of it In this talk we consider general properties of linear response functions of nonequilibrium
steady states We derive a microscopic expression of a linear response function for a deterministic model which
covers a wide range of nonequilibrium systems Using the expression we show sum rules and asymptotic behaviors
of it We demonstrate the properties by a molecular dynamics simulation of a numerical model We also discuss the
validity of the properties in a stochastic model
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
38 |
Talk-19
Hyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCD
Hidekatsu Nemura
Department of Physics Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 39
Talk-20
From graphene to Z2 topological insulator
Ken-Ichiro Imura
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
A topological insulator has a remarkable property of being metallic on the surface albeit insulating in the bulk
Recently much focus is on a specific type of topological insulators which is said to be Z2-nontrivial and realized as
a consequence of interplay between spin-orbit coupling and a band structure with effective relativistic dispersion
(electrons satisfy a Dirac equation) Such systems are invariant under time reversal and shows Kramers degeneracy
Graphene is a two-dimensional (2D) implementation of such Dirac electron system which also realizes a
prototype [1] of Z2 topological insulator in the presence of intrinsic and extrinsic (Rashba) spin-orbit interactions
Recently we were able characterize specific localization properties of this system in the presence of weak disorder
and under doping [2] We have shown in particular that localization symmetry class is determined by the parity of
the total number Ns of ldquoactivatedrdquo effective spins in the system Our diagnosis provides a contemporary version of
the weak localization theory
The correspondence between the physics of bulk and of the edge highlights the physics of a topological insulator
[3] To demonstrate we make a close comparison between the continuum Dirac theory and the square lattice
tight-binding model [4] for a Z2-topological insulator in 2D It is naturally shown that not only explicit but also
hidden Dirac cones in the high-energy spectrum contribute to and ensure the integral quantization of spin Hall
conductance The nature of gapless edge modes in the lattice model under different (straight vs zigzag) boundary
conditions is extensively studied We demonstrate that the edge modes of a Z2-topological insulator are susceptible
of various finite size effects in comparison with chiral edge modes of quantum Hall insulator By comparing the
behavior of gapless edge modes in real and momentum spaces we show that localizability of edge mode is
intricately related to level crossings due to projection of 2D bulk spectrum onto the 1D edge
[1] CL Kane and EJ Mele Phys Rev Lett 95 146802 (2005) ibid 226801
[2] K-I Imura Y Kuramoto and K Nomura arXiv09041676 Europhys Lett in press arXiv09075051 Phys
Rev B 80 085119 (2009)
[3] K-I Imura A Yamakage A Hotta and Y Kuramoto in preparation
[4] BA Bernevig TL Hughes and S-C Zhang Science 314 1757 (2006)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
40 |
Talk-21
Shearinduced phase separation of complex fluids
Katsuhiko Sato1)
Xue-Feng Yuan2)
and Toshihiro Kawakatsu1)
1)
Department of Physics Tohoku University Japan 2)
School of Chemical Engineering and
Analytical Science University of Manchester UK
Abstract
It is well known that complex fluids such as wormlike micellar solutions exhibit shear-induced phase separations
called shear banding [1] In such a situation the system spatially separates into two regions having high and
low shear rate values with a common shear stress The phenomenon has fascinated many investigators and has been
aggressively investigated both experimentally and theoretically
One of the most striking features of that phenomenon is that its behaviors are quite similar to those of
thermodynamic phase transitions such as liquid-vapor phase transitions despite that it is a non-equilibrium
phenomenon Examples of the similarities are (i) the appearance of a shear stress plateau in the stress-strain rate
curve (note the similarity with isotherms in the p-V plane in the liquid-vapor transition system) (ii) the
independence of the plateau value on the flow history and (iii) the existence of metastable states Although the
analogy between shear banding and thermodynamic phase transitions have been pointed out by many investigators
almost no solid theoretical explanation for these similarities has been presented up to now
Recently we have succeeded in solving this problem [2] ie we have answered to the question ldquoWhy does shear
banding behave like first order phase transitionsrdquo or ldquoCan we describe shear banding in terms of a potential just
like in the case of thermodynamic phase transitionsrdquo Starting from a mechanical constitutive model describing
shear banding which does not have any explicit thermodynamic potential we derive a quantity corresponding to
thermodynamic potentials by applying a reduction method based on the center manifold theory [3] to the governing
equation of the model The reduction method we have taken there is a general one so we can apply this method to
other constitutive models describing shear banding and there is a possibility that we reach some universality In this
talk we provide a brief review on shear banding and explain the details of our theoretical work
[1] H Rehage H Hoffmann Mol Phys 74 933 (1991)
[2] K Sato X-F Yuan T Kawakatsu Eur Phys J E in press
[3] H Mori Y Kuramoto Dissipative Structures and Chaos (Springer-Verlag Berlin 1998)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 41
Talk-22
Ce 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum
critical point a resonant angle-resolved photoemission study
Hojun IM Department of Advanced Physics Hirosaki Univerisy
Abstract
We report the systematic angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) studies of Ce-based heavy fermion compounds
CeNi1-xCoxGe2 whose ground states are change from antiferromagnetic to non-magnetic heavy fermion via
quantum critical point (QCP) Recently it was clearly observed that the Kondo resonance (KR) peaks (Ce 4f1 state)
are dispersed from above the Fermi-level (EF) and cross EF forming the diamond-shaped Fermi-surface (FS) in
non-magnetic heavy-fermion system CeCoGe08Si12 [1] The systematic Ce 4d-4f resonant ARPES studies of
CeNi1-xCoxGe2 reveal that such momentum-dependence of KR peaks exists across QCP indicating the itinerant
character of f-electrons in agreement with the results of angle-integrated photoelectron spectroscopy [2]
References
[1] H J Im et al Phys Rev Lett 100 176402 (2008)
[2] H J Im et al Phys Rev B 72 220405 (2005)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
42 |
Talk-23
Spin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of
Rashba effect on semi-metal surface
Seigo Souma
WPI-AIMR Tohoku University
Abstract
Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is known as a powerful technique to investigate the fine
electronic structure relevant to the intriguing physical phenomena in solids such as superconductivity heavy
fermions metal-insulator transition and so on This technique yet has suffered from two inherent problems
originating in the principle of PES itself namely (1) the high surface sensitivity and (2) the difficulty in resolving
the spin polarization of electrons To overcome those problems we have constructed an ultrahigh resolution
photoemission spectrometer equipped with a newly developed xenon-plasma discharge lamp and a mini-Mott
detector The xenon-plasma discharge lamp provides several intense resonance lines from xenon plasma in the
energy range of 8-11 eV which is enough to achieve high bulk-sensitivity Combined with a large hemispherical
energy analyzer and a spherical concaved grating we achieved high energy resolution less than 1 meV as a total
system in the spin-integrated mode We also have developed a compact Mott spin detector operating at 25 kV and
adapted it to the large hemispherical electron energy analyzer through an electron deflector lens We have
redesigned the analyzer and mounted the entrance of the deflector lens at a location close to the f40mm
microchannel plate (MCP) This enables the observation of electron energy and momentum by the MCP with
comparable quality to modern electron analyzers simultaneously to the electron spin measurement by the Mott
detector
In this talk we present spin-resolved ARPES experiments on group-V semimetal surfaces By using merit of
the newly developed photoemission spectrometer we clearly observed spin-splitting of energy band caused by
strong spin-orbit interaction enhanced in surface state (surface Rashba effect) which would be an essential
ingredients to design a new functional spintronics devices
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 43
Talk-24
Metal-contact effect on graphene
Ryo Nouchi
WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University
Abstract
Graphene one-atom-thick carbon sheet with a honeycomb structure have been attracting incredible attention for
its unique physical properties [1] This material shows an extraordinary high charge carrier mobility of higher than
200000 cm2 V
-1 s
-1 [2] and is considered to be a major candidate for a future high-speed transistor material In
addition graphene has shown its ability to transport charge carriers with spin conservation even at room
temperature and is regarded as a pivotal material for spintronics applications [3] In order to construct electronic
devices such as field-effect transistors (FETs) metallic materials should make a contact with the graphene layers as
is schematically shown in Fig 1 Resultant graphene-metal contacts are considered to affect device properties in a
similar way that metal-semiconductor interfaces govern the operation of conventional electronic devices through
formation of Schottkyohmic contacts In the case of metal-graphene interfaces carriers are expected to be doped
from the metal [4] and a pinning of the potential of graphene was found to occur at the contacts [5]
In this talk experimental investigations by means of a FET structure are presented Figure 2 displays typical
transfer (drain current versus gate voltage) characteristics of a graphene FET The gate voltage with a minimum
drain current can be indicative of carrier doping from the electrodes The overall shape of the characteristics
enables us to examine the potential pinning effect a simple simulation shows that distorted characteristics observed
with ferromagnetic contacts [6] is attributable to the absence of the potential pinning
[1] A H Castro Neto F Guinea N M R Peres K S Novoselov and A K Geim Rev Mod Phys 81 109
(2009)
[2] K I Bolotin K J Sikes Z Jiang M Klima G Fudenberg J Hone P Kim and H L Stormer Solid State
Comm 146 351 (2008)
[3] M Ohishi M Shiraishi R Nouchi T Nozaki T Shinjo and Y Suzuki Jpn J Appl Phys 46 L605 (2007)
[4] G Giovannetti P A Khomyakov G Brocks V M Karpan J van den Brink and P J Kelly Phys Rev Lett
101 026803 (2008)
[5] E J H Lee K Balasubramanian R T Weitz M Burghard and K Kern Nat nanotechnol 3 486 (2008)
[6] R Nouchi M Shiraishi and Y Suzuki Appl Phys Lett 93 152104 (2008)
Fig1 Schematic diagram of a graphene FET
SiO2
Highly-doped Si
Gate Voltage
Drain current
Drain voltage
A
Graphene
Metal contact
Fig2 Typical transfer characteristics
of a graphene FET
100806040200
Dra
in c
urr
ent (
mA
)
-40 0 40Gate voltage (V)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
44 |
Parallel Session C (MathematicsPhilosophy)
Talk-25
Application of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem
for damped wave equation with non-convexity
Yoshihiro Ueda
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
We consider the initial-boundary value problem for damped wave equations with a nonlinear convection term in
the half line In the case where the flux is convex it is shown that the solution tends to the corresponding stationary
wave In this talk we show that even for a quite wide class of flux functions which are not necessarily convex such
the stationary wave is asymptotically stable The proof is given by a technical $L^2$-weighted energy method and
an anti-derivative method
Talk-26
Toric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systems
Yuichi Nohara
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
A completely integrable system on a symplectic manifold of dimension 2n is a set of n functions which are
functionally independent and Poisson commuting A typical example is a moment map of a torus action on a toric
variety A completely integrable system gives a structure of foliation by Lagrangian submanifolds and this plays
an important role in mirror symmetry which is a duality in string theory (mathematically it is formulated as a duality
between symplectic geometry and complex geometry) For example mirror partners of toric varieties can be
constructed by using the moment maps
The Gelfand-Cetlin system is a completely integrable system on a complex flag manifold It is known that the flag
manifold has a degeneration into a (singular) toric variety We show that the Glefand-Cetlin system can be deformed
into a moment map of a torus action on the toric variety We also discuss some applications This talk is based on a
joint work with T Nishinou and K Ueda
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 45
Talk-27
Singular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of
a Semilinear Parabolic Equation
Shota Sato
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
We study the Cauchy problem for a semilinear parabolic equation Our concern is the existence of a singular
solution whose singularity becomes anomalous in finite time First we study the structure of singular radial
solutions for an equation derived by backward self-similar variables Using this we obtain a singular backward
self-similar solution whose singularity becomes stronger or weaker than that of a singular steady state This talk is a
joint work with E Yanagida
Talk-28
Around Homological Mirror Symmetry
Masahiro Futaki
Mathematics University of Tokyo
Abstract
Homological Mirror Symmetry (HMS for short) is a duality between complex and symplectic geometries
originally found by Maxim Kontsevich in 1994 In this talk we introduce a variant of HMS in the context of mirror
symmetry between Fano variety and Laudau-Ginzburg model and investigate some examples
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
46 |
Talk-29
On the heat equation in a half space with
a nonlinear boundary condition
Tatsuki Kawakami
Mathematics Tohoku University
Talk-30
An Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mind
Masahiko Igashira
Frontier Biosciences Osaka University
Abstract
At Osaka University we attempt to establish an interdisciplinary research area titled Cognitive Neuroscience
Robotics by closely integrating research on robotics cognitive science and neuroscience while aiming at the
creation of a new paradigm for understanding the human being and the realization of new interfaces for relieving
brain overload in the usage of highly-complicated IRT systems
In this program philosophers are engaged in the following two themes Firstly to suggest efficient methods for
creating a new paradigm from the view point of a philosophy of science while at the same time refining existing
theories within philosophy of science by examining whether these theories sufficiently contribute to our
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 47
understanding of the generating processes of new research areas Secondly philosophers approach the question of
whether the robot which can hardly be distinguished from real humans which might be produced in the future of
Cognitive Neuroscience Robotics should be recognized as having a MIND or RIGHTS
In this presentation basic conceptions and activities with regard to the second question will be discussed
Furthermore a method for approaching the complex problem of how to understand the MIND in the physical
world will be developed
Talk-31
Utilitarianism and Rawls
Masaru Yonehara
Philosophy Tohoku University
Abstract
John Rawls one of the most important political philosophers of the 20th century is a critic of utilitarianism In
utilitarianism an action is right if and only if it brings about the greatest balance of happiness over unhappiness for
everyone affected by the action otherwise it is wrong Rawls asserts that if slavery or some other system of
extreme social and economic inequalities can produce a greater balance of happiness over unhappiness than any
alternative utilitarianism condones or even commands these institutions which we normally consider quite unjust
According to Rawls his ldquotwo principles of justicerdquo condemn these unjust institutions However this criticism
against utilitarianism is incorrect And I argue that Rawlsrsquos theory has a fatal flaw his theory cannot provide good
reasons why immoral actions against the disabled are impermissible Hence the purpose of my presentation is to
demonstrate that utilitarianism can provide such reasons
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
48 |
Talk-32
Husserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience
in Transcendental Phenomenology
Shun Sato
Philosophy Tohoku University
Abstract
In this presentation I investigate a possible interpretation of Husserls phenomenological theory of perceptual
experience as a disjunctive one My study consists of four sections In sections 1 and 2 I characterize disjunctivism
as a position representing a resistance against what appears to be historically more or less orthodoxy presenting
what has been described as an argument from hallucination for this traditional view This form of argument seems
to compel us to acknowledge that our experience at large is a common factor to perception and hallucination and
therefore that our experience does not intrinsically reach worldly objects According to disjunctivists this seeming
is not the real They tell us that we have either experience if it is veridical which involves a worldly object or
experience which does not if it is not veridical hence we do not always have an intrinsically falling-short-of-world
experience They argue that we perceive in a veridical case an object which is a constituent of a real world as is
suggested they usually speak in defense of direct realism In section 3 I try to show that Husserls transcendental
idealism is not incompatible with direct realistic theory of perception looking into his conception of perceptual
intentionality evidence (or reason) and reality In the final section I take up an interpretation of Husserls view
about experience as disjunctivism provided by A D Smith to which I add my own view Finally I suggest that
Husserls disjunctivism should better be characterized as a form of epistemological disjunctivism
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 49
Parallel Session - Collaborative Research
Talk-33
Development of an electro-magnetic calorimeter made up of
ceramic PrLuAG scintillator
Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics)
Research Center for Electron and Photon Science (Laboratory of Nuclear Science)
Abstract
Quarks are fundamental building blocks of matter and they unite to configure composite particles called
hadrons Experimentally observed hadrons before 2003 can be understood as a composite of three quarks (baryons)
or that of a quark and an anti-quark (mesons) Study of exotic hadrons which are not classified as baryons or
mesons has been a subject of great interest in nuclear physics after a narrow S=1 baryon resonance (Θ+) was
observed at SPring-8LEPS for the first time The Θ+ can be a member of anti-decuplet penta-quark baryons (four
quarks and an anti-quark) with the lowest mass
After the LEPS experiment both the positive and negative results have been reported by many other facilities
Searching for other members is important to establish the penta-quark picture A narrow bump is observed at our
facility in the excitation function for η photo-production on the neutron near E~1 GeV It would be attributed to a
member of anti-decuplet baryons with hidden strangeness since no signature corresponding to this bump is
observed in η photo-production on the proton To investigate this bump precisely an electro-magnetic (EM)
calorimeter with a large solid angle and with a high energy resolution is required since the η meson is identified by
detecting two photons from its decay
A praseodymium doped lutetium aluminum garnet Lu3Al5O12 (PrLuAG) is an excellent scintillator for EM
calorimeters utilized in nuclear and particle physics It has good characteristics such as good energy resolution fast
response a short radiation length and no hygroscopicity At this moment its large single crystal cannot be
manufactured which may be used as a module for an EM calorimeter Recently a ceramic PrLuAG scintillator has
been developed by Prof Yoshikawa and Prof Yanagita in Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced
Materials Tohoku University The ceramic one is expected to be manufactured in a desired shape and to be much
cheaper than the single crystal In this talk the current status of preparing a ceramic PrLuAG scintillator dedicated
to an EM calorimeter is discussed
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
50 |
Talk-34
Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Abstract
Anti-neutrinos travel from the Earthrsquos interior due to beta decays of mainly three isotopes 238
U 232
Th and 40
K
The study of geo-neutrinos was performed using 207659-day data taken with KamLAND which is the
anti-neutrino detector contained 1000 tons of liquid scintillator (LS) The data includes 58603-day data since the
LS purification was started
The LS purification is distillation and N2 purge for LS and was performed to reduce low energy backgrounds
such as 85
Kr 210
Bi and 210
Po These isotopes were reduced by ~ 185000 ~ 12100 and ~ 116 respectively While
the LS purification reduced backgrounds it caused the decrease of light yield by ~ 20 and following the deviation
of the position and time dependence Energy and its deviation are corrected using calibration and spallation data
before the geo-neutrino analysis
Anti-neutrinos are extracted from data using the likelihood selection based on the probability density function of
anti-neutrinos and accidental backgrounds depending on those rate to use low energy region and outer volume with
many accidental backgrounds
The main backgrounds for geo-neutrinos are reactor neutrinos and 13
C(alpha n)16
O reaction The latter is
reduced by ~ 116 after the LS purification due to the reduction of the main alpha source 210
Po
The expected number of geo-neutrinos is calculated using the reference Earth model based on seismology
petrology and the BSE model It is 976 events The Rate + Shape + Time analysis was performed using these
results The best-fit of geo-neutrinos does not conflict with the expectation The accuracy of measurement was
significantly improved from the last official result Zero geo-neutrinos are excluded at over 3 sigma CL That is
the first evidence of geo-neutrinos The fully-radiogenic models of 44 TW or 31 TW were also restricted for the
first time
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 51
Talk-35
Geometric Analysis on Einstein Equation
Sumio Yamada
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
The Einstein equation states that the spacetime we live in is Ricci-flat (vacuum case) namely it is flat in the
sense that the Ricci curvature tensor of the spacetime as a Lorentzian manifold vanishes If it is simply flat then
the space becomes trivial namely the spacetime is isometric to the Minkowski space The Ricci-flatness on the
other hand allows much freedom in determining the shape of the spacetime The degree of freedom is manifest in
the nonlinearity of the Einstein equation whose structure as a system of fully nonlinear partial differential
equations has discouraged mathematicians and physicists alike for many years
In this talk we will present several aspects of current research which are different approaches to the task of
understanding the Einstein equation The first one is from the viewpoint of three dimensional Riemannian
geometry where the threefold represents the space obtained by fixing ldquotimerdquo in the spacetime The second comes
from analyzing the Einstein equation as an evolution equation of the threefold a sort of deformation theory over
time The third approach is to formulate exact solutions of the Einstein equation which often contains
singularities the ldquoblackholesrdquo
The complete understanding of the Einstein equation still remains elusive those systematic approaches have
proved to be productive in mathematics as well as theoretical physics so that there are many beautiful theories born
out of the investigations
Talk-36
Study of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed
Study matter in gravitational wave astronomy
Yousuke Itoh
Astronomical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
Among the known four forces gravity is the most weak interaction As a result it is expected that gravitational
wave astronomy will enables us to explore the new aspects of the universe which are hidden for electromagnetic and
neutrino astronomers Those include the early universe beyond the redshift ~ 1000 (the last scattering surface of the
cosmic microwave background) and properties of matter inside highly compact stars In this talk I will briefly review
the gravitational wave theory how we detect it the current status of the world-wide efforts for gravitational wave
detection and then talk about our research efforts
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
52 |
Talk-37
Development of Readout Board for FPCCD Detector
Yosuke Takubo
Department of physics Tohoku University
Abstract
FPCCD (Fine Pixel CCD) is a CCD detector whose pixel size is 5 x 5 μm2 and thickness of the sensitive layer
is 15 μm The sensitive layer of FPCCD is fully depleted to suppress the diffusion in the epitaxial layer and it
realizes good hit separation capability It is considered to use FPCCD for the high energy physics material science
and astronomy since the small pixel size realizes the excellent position resolution To establish the technology we
developed the test sample of FPCCD in 2008 whose pixel size is 12 x 12 μm2 The pixel size will be make smaller
to 6 x 6 μm2 in the second test sample in 2010 We also developed prototype of the readout ASIC to operate and
readout FPCCD
Together with the FPCCD sensor and readout ASIC development of the readout system is important issue
There are some requirements to the readout system due to characteristics of the FPCCD The readout speed must be
above 10 Mpixsec for one readout channel to read all the pixels The readout board must have ability of the data
processing like zero-suppression to reduce data sent to PC The data transfer rate to PC should be about 1 Gbps
We developed prototype of the readout board for FPCCD in 2009 The readout board is designed as
KEK-VME9U module The LVDS input and output is prepared to treat 16 x 4 channels Since a FPGA (Field
Programmable Gate Array) is equipped on the board logic for data processing could be easily modified The data
transfer rate to PC of 1 Gbps is realized by SiTCP technology in which the logic for TCPIP is embedded in FPGA
In my talk the status of development of the readout board will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 53
Talk-38
Theoretical Formulation of Morphology Dynamics of Membranes
Based on a Combination of Mathematical Models and Differential
Geometry
Yutaka Oya1)
Masatoshi Toda1)
Katsuhiko Sato1)
Toshihiro Kawakatsu1)
and
Izumi Takagi2)
1) Department of Physics 2) Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
Bio-membranes and vesicles are bilayers of lipid molecules with closed form A typical example is red blood cell
It is well known that the equilibrium shape of these membranes are determined by minimizing the following
Helfrich bending elastic energy [1]
2
02
CCdH aa
(1)
where ad is the infinitesimal area element of the membrane surface aC the local mean curvature 0C the
spontaneous curvature the bending elastic constant This energy is to be minimized among closed surfaces
having the prescribed surface area and bounding volume [2]
Although this Helfrich model is successful for equilibrium shape problems it is not easy to study dynamical
processes such as deformation fission and fusion of membranes under an external flow field or in the presence of
guest molecules such as polymers injected into the membrane In such a situation a field-theoretic approach to
Helfrich model is quite useful It is called the phase field (PF) model where the infinitely thin membrane
described by eq(1) is approximated by a finitely thin interface (topological defect) of a scalar field r [3] As
the membrane is described by a filed variable it is easy to combine it with other fields for example a flow field
(Navier-Stokes (NS) equation) or a density distribution of polymer chains (self-consistent field (SCF) theory)
We develop theoretical formulations for polymer chains encapsulated in
a membrane (PF+SCF) and for membranes floating in a flow field
(PF+NS) The former is a model of drag delivery system and the latter is a
model for a blood flow in a blood vessel Figure 1 shows typical
axisymmetric shapes of membranes that contain polymer chains obtained
by PF+SCF technique A shape deformation of membrane induced by the
injected polymer can be observed
[1] UZeifert Adv Phys 46 (1997) 13
[2] TNagasawa and ITakagi Calc Var and PDE 16 (2003) 63
[3] QDu C Liu and X Wang J Comput Phys 198 (2004) 450
a)
b)
Fig1 Two typical axisymmetric
shapes of membranes containing
polymers inside (a) prolate and (b)
oblate shapes
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
54 |
Talk-39
The search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics
from the logical and philosophical point of view
Keita Yokoyama
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
In this research we investigate the certainty of foundations of mathematics including the concepts of infinity
provability axiomatizability normativity determinacy and so on In this talk we will overview the certainty of
infinitesimal analysis by means of the measure of the logical strength as an example
In the 17th century differential and integral calculus was developed using infinitely small or infinitesimal
quantities by G W Leibniz and others However the theory of infinitesimals was completely replaced by the
theory of limits in the 19th century In 1960rsquos A Robinson introduced the theory of non-standard analysis and
justified the theory of infinitesimals in it [1] Non-standard analysis has been investigated by many researchers as a
branch of logic or analysis and it has been applied to the study of analysis number theory and other fields of
mathematics On the other hand the strengths of many theorems of classical analysis are measured by comparing
them with axioms of arithmetic as a program of Reverse Mathematics by H Friedman S Simpson and others [2]
For example the axiom ldquoweak Koenigrsquos lemma (WKL)rdquo is equivalent to the Brouwer fixed point theorem and the
Cauchy integral theorem and the axiom ldquoarithmetical comprehension (ACA)rdquo is equivalent to the AscoliArzela
lemma and the Riemann mapping theorem Then can we measure the certainty of infinitesimal analysis Is
infinitesimal analysis more complex or less certain than classical analysis Our aim is to answer these question
In 1980rsquos H J Keisler gave simple axioms for the theory of infinitesimal analysis So we measure the strengths
of these axioms by comparing them with axioms of arithmetic The axioms of infinitesimal analysis consist of
ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo ldquotransfer principlerdquo and other weak principles named nsBASIC Our main
results of this study are following
1 nsBASIC plus ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo is a conservative extension of the axiom of arithmetic
WKL
2 nsBASIC plus ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo plus ldquotransfer principlerdquo is a conservative extension of
the axiom of arithmetic ACA
It is known that the most part of classical analysis can be developed within WKL or ACA Consequently the theory
of infinitesimal analysis has the same certainty as the theory of classical analysis
References
[1] Stephen G Simpson Subsystems of Second Order Arithmetic Perspectives Springer-Verlag 1999
[2] A Robinson Non-standard Analysis North-Holland revised edition 1974
[3] Keita Yokoyama Formalizing non-standard arguments in second-order arithmetic to appear
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 55
Abstracts of Poster Presentations
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
56 |
Po-1
Coherent control of excited states by multipulse photo excitation
Kenta Abe
Physics D2 Tohoku University
The control of quantum phenomena with modulated laser pulses has already been demonstrated successfully on
a variety of chemical and physical systems For example the temporal structure of the pulse can be periodically
modified to yield a train of pulses If the temporal spacing of the pulse train coincides with the period of a
molecular vibration a wavepacket involving just a selected mode can be excited selectively over other modes We
adopted coherent control method using multipulse excitation to get information about transient vibration of the
excited states in materials
The coherent control measurement was carried out by a setup based on femtosecond absorption spectroscopy
Output of the Tisapphire laser system (800nm 1mJ 150fs 1kHz) was divided into several parts One part was
used to generate the tunable prepump (~100fs) by an infrared optical parametric amplifier (IR-OPA) The prepump
generated the excited state in the materials Another part was used to drive a noncollinear OPA (NOPA) generating
the ultrashort transform-limit (TL) pulse (lt20 fs) for the coherent control A pulse shaper which consists of a spatial
light modulator (SLM) with 800times600 pixels in a 4f arrangement modulated the TL pulse and generated the shaped
pump pulse The rest output generated the broadband tunable probe pulse using another NOPA and a prism pair
pulse compressor Time resolution of the system was about 20fs
Nile Blue was selected as prototype system because of its strong oscillatory features The coherent vibration
induced by the TL or shaped pump pulse was observed Figure 2 shows the Fourier transform (FT) spectra of the
transient vibration with and without the prepump With the prepump the peak frequency of the FT-spectrum is
lower than that without the prepump The multipulse excitation could successfully induce the coherent vibration in
the excited state Furthermore we carried out the coherent control by the shaped pump pulse The periodic pulse
trains can selectively control the coherent vibration in the ground andor excited states
Fig 2 Transient vibration induced by TL pulse Fig 1 Sketch of the multipulse excitation setup
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 57
Po-2
de Haas ndashvan Alphen effect studies in the Antiferro-Quadrupolar
ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3
T Isshiki T Komatsubara HS Suzuki N Kimura H Aoki
Physics D3 Tohoku University
In the past decade it is found that higher order multipoles (quadrupolar octupolar etc) play a key role in some
rare earth and actinide systems Although a great number of studies have been performed the mechanism of the
multipolar ordering has not been clarified yet On the other hand some previous experiments suggest that the
quadrupolar ordering is mediated via the conduction electrons Moreover in some Pr-based compounds which have
nonmagnetic 3 doublet in the crystalline electric field ground state a huge CT value is observed in the specific
heat measurement even at low temperatures These results indicate that quadrupole moments might be strongly
coupled with the conduction electrons but there is no clear evidence so far Therefore it is important to investigate
the role of the conduction electrons in these systems
The de Haas -van Alphen(dHvA) effect is a powerful method to measure the properties of conduction electrons
We study the dHvA effect in the antiferro-quadrupolar(AFQ) ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3 (1) to
investigate whether or not a huge CT at low temperatures and the non-Fermi liquid behavior reported for the
specific heat and electrical resistivity in Pr1-xLaxPb3 come from the interplay between quadrupole moments and the
conduction electrons (2) to investigate how the change of the f electron state such as the one from the
para-quadrupolar state to the AFQ state affects the properties of conduction electrons and (3) to investigate the
quantum criticality of the quadrupolar ordering
We have succeeded in observing the change in the properties of conduction electrons associated with the change
of the f electron state The details are discussed in this presentation
Po-3
Measurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum
in the Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHC
Takumi Ito
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Supersymmetry (SUSY) is the well-motivated candidate of the physics beyond the standard model If
SUSY really exists at the TeV energy scale a large number of SUSY particles are produced at the LHC
experiments A signature of SUSY at the LHC strongly depends on the SUSY mass spectrum Some
SUSY models have a long-lived heavy charged particle and in such case we should completely alter a
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
58 |
strategy to study the SUSY events from one in a widely-studied case with a long-lived heavy neutral
particle
We study the model with a long-lived stau (supersymmetric partner of tau lepton) and demonstrate the
several masses of superpaticles can be measured with a good accuracy [1] We focus on the case in which
the mass differences between the lightest stau and other sleptons are ~ 10 GeV or larger so that the decay
products of heavier sleptons are hard enough to be detected First we determine the masses of neutralinos as
the endpoint of the invariant mass distribution of (tau-jet - stau) since neutralinos mainly decay to the
lightest stau Next with the assist of the knowledge of the neutralino mass the masses of the right-handed
sleptons are determined as the sharp peak in the distribution of the invariant mass of (lepton - tau - stau)
Also squark (almost right-handed) masses can be measured well
In the previous study we left the mass reconstructions of other particles such as gluino charginos left-handed
sleptons and left-handed squarks They are in progress [2]
Reference
[1] Takumi Ito Ryuichiro Kitano and Takeo Moroi ldquoMeasurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum in the
Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHCrdquo arXiv 09105853 [hep-ph]
[2] Takumi Ito Ryuichiro Kitano and Takeo Moroi work in progress
Po-4
In situ NMR imaging of lithium- ion batteries
during chargedischarge cycle
Yoshiki Iwai
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Lithium-ion batteries are quite important power sources for mobile devices such as mobile phones notebook
computers portable audio players etc It is necessary to observe ion motion of liquid electrolyte in lithium-ion
batteries for increasing their safety and understanding mechanisms of the degradations Over the last several
decades many types of in-situ technique (X-ray Raman scattering infrared spectroscopy etc) have been adopted to
investigate the lithium-ion dynamics Moreover visualizing techniques are also starting to be employed for material
science over the biological and medical field X-ray and neutron tomography can see through the batteries however
these two techniques have disadvantages for lithium-ion batteries X-ray has low sensitivity for organic electrolyte
because the sensitivity of X-ray is proportional to weight of atoms Neutron beam has high sensitivity for proton
(1H) and lithium (
6Li and
7Li) however big facilities are need for the experiments Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Imaging (NMR imaging ) is also nondestructive imaging technique which can satisfy these two demands high
sensitivity of light atoms such as proton (or lithium) and small instrument compared with Neutron facilities The
aim of this work is to observe liquid electrolyte in the lithium-ion battery by NMR imaging technique to understand
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 59
ionic motion and behavior of its degradation as a function of electrochemical cycling As a start of this work I
report lithium (7Li) and proton (
1H) imaging data of special designed lithium-ion battery which is composed of
lithium-metal (negative electrode) and LiCoO2 (positive electrode) filled with liquid electrolyte LiClO4PC
Po-5
Crack propagation in largely deformed rubber sheet
Daiki Endo
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
60 |
Po-6
Optical response of photonic crystal with multi-layered structure
Rihei Endo
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Recently there has been rapid progress in the performance of nano scale artificial structure It is known that
the photonic crystals take an important role in developing next-generation devices Photonic crystals have a
photonic band structure with a gap energy that excludes light with a certain frequency which is the same
analogy as the energy band structure in the crystal of the solid We can control light freely by operating these
structures artificially and it is possible to create new type devices with new features
So far we had investigated one-electron properties of one-dimensional self-similar structures (SSS) SSS are
classified into the third group of systems in addition to periodic systems and random systems Electronic states
of SSS exhibits rich properties For example the presence of energy spectra and wave functions which have
multifractal characters is peculiar to such systems And almost all eigenstates for electrons are critical states
whose nature locate between extended states and localised states
Applying the concept of SSS to photonic crystals we aim at a development of a new type of optical device
We confine our discussion in 1D photonic crystals which consist of two different dielectric material layers A
and B in a SSS We assume the materials of A and B layers to be non-absorbing isotropic and uniform
dielectric matirials with reflective indices na and nb respectively (see fig1) To set up 1D self-similar
photonic crystal we apply the substitution rule to determine the order of two kinds of layer as shown in fig2 In
this poster We have investigated the time-dependent optical response of S-polarized wave and P-polarized
wave (see fig3) on this SSS by using transfer matrix method [1]
[1] J Phys A Math Gen 37 (2004) L1-L6 Rihei Endou Komajiro Niizeki Nobuhisa Fujita
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 61
Po-7
Pseudo-spin Kondo effect in a capacitively-coupled parallel double
quantum dot
Yuma OKAZAKI
Physics D1 Tohoku University
A low-dimensional nano-structure fabricated by semiconductor fine processing technology offers the ideal
playground for studying quantum and correlative nature of electrons Especially electronic states can be controlled
at a single electron level in a zero-dimensionally confined system known as a quantum dot (QD) The Kondo effect
is an electron correlation phenomenon resulting from a dynamical spin singlet formation between a localized spin
at the QD and its surrounding conduction electrons via an effective exchange interaction The Kondo effect has
been well investigated in bulk materials containing dilute magnetic impurities However more tunable approach for
the Kondo physics is possible with the helps of QDrsquos parameter-controllability
In this poster we show transport measurements in a double QD system with inter-dot capacitive coupling In
such a device charge degrees of freedom can be regarded as a pseudo-spin and play the equivalent role to the
electron spin in the Kondo physics Although the pseudo-spin Kondo effect has been already discussed in some
reported articles more quantitative and conclusive experimental results are lacking Two fingerprints for the
pseudo-spin Kondo singlet were experimentally observed in our fabricated device(Fig a b) The first one is Kondo
zero bias anomaly which originates from a many-body resonance level pinned at the Fermi surface due to the
Kondo singlet formation(Fig c) The second one is Kondo scaling which describes universal temperature
dependence scaled by the Kondo temperature A good fit was obtained between the observed temperature
dependence and a theoretical curve by numerical renormalization group theory(Fig d) Moreover a contribution
from the pseudo-spin was discussed via measurements in a finite in-plane magnetic field In conclusion a
formation of the pseudo-spin Kondo singlet was determined
Fig (a)Scanning electron microscope image of the device Electrons are confined into regions illustrated by circles (b)The charge stability diagram showing charge configurations in the two QDs VL(VR) is bias voltages applied to the gate L(R) labeled in Fig (a) The arrows depict charge and spin states (c)Kondo zero bias anomaly and (d)Kondo scaling were measured at the center of the two-headed arrow in Fig (b)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
62 |
Po-8
Spin and charge dynamics in a photo-excited double exchange system
Yu Kanamori
D2 Department of Physics Tohoku University
Hiroaki Matsueda1 and Sumio Ishihara
2
1Sendai National College of Technology
2Department of Physics Tohoku University
A variety of electronic phases in correlated electron systems is attributed to strong interplay between multi-degrees of
freedom of electrons such as charge spin and orbital Gigantic changes in electronic state are caused by weak perturbation in a
vicinity of phase boundary Perovskite manganite is one of the typical correlated electron materials with multi-degrees of
freedom Recently ultrafast photo-induced phenomena by applying femtosecond laser pulse have been measured in the
charge-ordered (CO) insulator associated with the antiferromagnetic (AF) order [1] Transient optical reflectivity and
magnet-optic Kerr rotation suggest strong coupling between the charge and spin degrees of freedom in the photo-induced states
Nonlinear increase of reflectivity change for photo-excitation density has been also reported
We study photo-induced charge and spin dynamics in perovskite manganite We adopt the extended double-exchange model
in one-dimension where the on-site and nearest-neighbor Coulomb repulsions between the eg electrons and the
nearest-neighbor AF exchange coupling between the t2g localized spins are taken into account By using the exact
diagonalization method and density-matrix renormalization-group method several transient spectra and static correlation
functions are obtained
It is shown that just after the photo-irradiation CO is melted and the band width of photo-carriers gradually increases with
increasing time The time dependence of the photo-carrier band and that of the in-gap component of the optical conductivity are
correlated with that in the spin correlation indicating strong coupling between charge and spin sectors This time scale is
governed by the electron transfer integral We also examine the photon intensity dependence of the spin and charge dynamics It
is found that pump photon intensity where the energy gain in the spin sector is saturated is smaller than that where the charge
energy is saturated This result implies that the spin and charge sectors are decoupled in the view point of the pump
photon-intensity
This work is supported by the global COE program of MEXT Japan
References
[1] K Miyasaka et al Phys Rev B 74 012401 (2006)
[2] H Matsueda and S Ishihara J Phys Soc Jpn 76 083703 (2007)
[3] Y Kanamori H Matsueda and S Ishihara Phys Rev Lett 103 267401 (2009)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 63
Po-9
Observation of 8B Solar Neutrinos with KamLAND
Yoshiaki Kibe (D3)
Department of Physics Research Center for Neutrino Science Tohoku University
The Kamioka Liquid Scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector that is KamLAND experiment is located at the site of the
former Kamiokande experiment in Gifu Prefecture Japan KamLAND uses 1 metric kton of liquid scintillator
contained in a 65m radius 135μm thick NylonEVOH balloon
Measurements of solar neutrinos and reactor anti-neutrinos have established neutrino oscillation and the Large
Mixing Angle (LMA) solution with matter effects described by Mikheyev Smirnov and Wolfenstein (MSW) as the
correct description of neutrino propagation from the Sun The 8B decay creates the continuous energy spectrum and
dominates the high-energy solar neutrino flux This has been measured previously using neutrino-electron
scattering with water Cherenkov detectors like Kamiokande Super-Kamiokande and SNO and the liquid
scintillator detector like Borexino The water Cherenkov detectors are able to reconstruct the direction of the
incoming neutrino and typically have thresholds of around 5 MeV Liquid scintillator detectors have much better
energy solution and the possibility of lower energy thresholds but no directional information The detection method
exploits the neutrino-electron elastic scattering reaction in the solar neutrino detection at KamLAND
The newly developed purification system rejects the radioactive backgrounds It allows us to explore lower
threshold of 35 MeV where is the unexplored energy region for 8B solar neutrino detection This work shows the
first measurement of 8B solar neutrino flux in KamLAND with 35 and 55 MeV thresholds
Po-10
z ~3 LYMAN BREAK GALAXY CLUSTER SURVEY IN SSA22
WITH VIMOS
Katsuki Kousai
Physics D2 Tohoku University
We report our redshift survey of z~3 Lyman break galaxies ( LBGs ) We observed LBGs spectra in SSA22
( 221734 +001504 ) 912 arcsec2 field to identify those spectral redshift and to study three dimensional
distribution of LBGs We have obtained spectral redshifts of 94 LBGs and found spike at z=31 33 and 37 in the
redshift distribution
SSA22 is a field in which Steidel et al discovered high density region of LBGs at z=309 ( Steidel et al 1998 )
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
64 |
They determined spectral redshifts of 99 LBGs at z~3 in 162 arcsec2 field They found a critical spike at z=309 in
their redshift distribution of LBGs
We have detected a lot of Lyman alpha emitters ( LAEs ) at z=309 in 912 arcsec2 field which contains the high
density region discovered by Steidel et al in our narrowband filter (NB497 band pass centered at 4977 Å
bandwidth of FWHM 77Å ) survey for LAEs with Subaru Prime Focus Camera to find a large scale structure of
LAEs ( Hayashino et al 2004 )
We also carried out LBG redshift survey in our LAE survey area We observed z~3 LBG candidates in the field
with ESO-VLT VIsible MultiObject Spectrograph ( VIMOS ) in 2006 and 2008 We identify spectral redshifts of 94
LBGs with Lyman alpha emission line ( 1216Åin rest-flame ) or metal absorption line ( Si II O I C II ( 1216Å
1303Å 1334Å in rest-flame ) etc )
We drew redshift distribution of those LBGs In our redshift distribution we found spike not only at z=31 that was
discovered by Steidel but also z=33 and 37 We also study spatial distribution of LBGs that is included those spikes It seems
that LBGs in each spikes are clustered in sky distribution of those LBGs
In our poster we report on the redshift distribution of 94 LBGs at z~3 the property of those density peaks that is found in
the redshift distribution and the spatial distribution of LBGs
Po-11
EELS and SXES studies of electronic structures of Al-TM alloys
Shogo Koshiya
Physics D1 Tohoku University
After the discovery of an icosahedral symmetry material (quasicrystals) in a melt-quenched Al6Mn alloy [1]
great effort has been spent for understanding the presence of quasiperiodic structured materials In recent years
Hume-Rothery mechanism which predicts an existence of a pseudogap around Fermi level (EF) is accepted as a
major reason for the stabilization of quasicrystals The presences of pseudogap structures in quasicrystals were
experimentally confirmed by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and EELS EELS experiments also pointed out
characteristic chemical shifts in Al L-shell excitation spectra of Al-based quasicrystals [2] which suggested a
decrease of valence electron charge at Al sites Recently a covalent bonding nature in quasicrystals was reported by
MEMRietveld analysis of 10-Al12Re and 11-Al73Re27Si10 [3] Thus it is interesting to investigate the relation
between chemical shift and bonding nature of quasicrystals On the other hand the systematic measurements of
electronic structures of the normal Al-transition metal (Al-TM) alloys help the understanding of the bonding
nature of the Al-based quasicrystal
In this study the chemical shift which is sensitive to the amount of valence electron of amorphous (Am)
quasicrystalline (QC) and crystalline (Cryst) phases of Al53Si27Mn20 alloys were investigated by a high
energy-resolution EELS transmission electron-microscope (TEM) [4] and a soft-X-ray emission spectroscopy
(SXES) instrument attached to a TEM [5]
From EELS measurements of Al L-edge (2p rarr CV) of the phases it was clearly shown that only the QC phase
showed an apparent shift to the larger binding energy side by 04 eV compared with that of Al single crystal This
result should be due to a large binding energy of Al L-shell of QC phase than that of pure Al (chemical shift) From
SXES measurements of Al K -emission (2p rarr 1s) of the phases it was revealed for the first time that the spectrum
of QC phase clearly showed a shift to the larger energy side of about 4 eV These results clearly indicate that the chemical shift is characteristic for QC phase Si K -emission spectrum of QC phase also showed a clear shift of
about 6 eV On the other hand there was not an apparent chemical shift for Mn L -emission (3d rarr 2p) Those
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 65
EELS and SXES results suggest that the amounts of valence electron of Al and Si atomic sites of Al53Si27Mn20
alloys are decreased only in the QC phase However Mn site does not change its valence electron charge
apparently in Am QC and Crystal phases It can be due to a localization of valence electrons of Mn atom
Chemical shifts of all constituent atoms for Am QC and Cryst phases of Al53Si27Mn20 alloys were examined first
time by EELS and SXES These results clearly presented that a chemical shift is characteristic for QC phase It
should be also noted that only Al and Si atoms of Al53Si27Mn20 change those valence electron states in QC phase
Experimental results of EELS and SXES on 10-Al12Re and 11-Al73Re17Si10 approximant crystals and Al-TM
alloys will be also presented
References
[1] D Schechtman et al Phys Rev Lett 53 1951 (1984)
[2] M Terauchi et al Phil Mag 87 2947 (2007)
[3] K Kirihara et al Phys Rev B 64 212201 (2001)
[4] M Tanaka et al Microsc Microanal 8 (Suppl 2) 68 (2002)
[5] M Terauchi et al Microsc Microanal 13 (Suppl 2) 166 (2007)
Po-12
Comparison of membrane physical property changes between DMPC
membrane and DMPE membrane induced by melittin
Atsuji Kodama
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Melittin an amphipathic peptide composed of 26 amino acid residues from honeybee venom is
widely used as a model of membrane protein in the study of lipid-protein interaction in
biomembranes In this study interaction of melittin with DMPC membranes and DMPE membranes
were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and fluorescent spectrometry with an
environment sensitive fluorescent dye Laurdan and tryptophan (Trp) residue in melittin In DSC
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
66 |
study the main phase transition peak of DMPC became broader gradually with increasing of
melittin On the other hand such a transition peak behavior was not observed in DMPE
thermograms In the fluorescent study with Laurdan Generalized Polarization (GP) was calculated
from I440 and I490 of Laurdan emission spectra Around phase transition temperature GP value for
DMPE changed drastically in the presence of melittin compared with in the absence of melittin It
indicated that melittin disturbed infiltration of water molecules into the lipid glycerol backbone
regions Contrary to DMPE temperature region of GP value change for DMPC became broader with
increasing of melittin It related to the reduction of transition cooperativity In the tryptophan
fluorescent study λmax was shorter than the system without lipids through the all temperature
regions at all mole fractions of melittin in DMPC systems In DMPEMelittin systems λmax was
longer than DMPCMelittin systems The results showed that melittin was in the hydrophobic
environment in DMPCMelittin systems On the other hand melittin was in hydrophilic
environment in DMPEMelittin systems These results indicated that melittin located in DMPC
membrane and on DMPE membrane surface From the GP value the glycerol backbone regions of DMPE
membranes have higher packing compared with DMPC one It indicated that the higher packing of DMPE
possibly disturbed penetration of melittin
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 67
Po-13
Resonant x-ray scattering experiment on Pr(Ru1-xRhx)4P12
Kotaro Saito
Dept of Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
68 |
Po-14
Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Anti-neutrinos travel from the Earthrsquos interior due to beta decays of mainly three isotopes 238
U 232
Th and 40
K
The study of geo-neutrinos was performed using 207659-day data taken with KamLAND which is the
anti-neutrino detector contained 1000 tons of liquid scintillator (LS) The data includes 58603-day data since the
LS purification was started
The LS purification is distillation and N2 purge for LS and was performed to reduce low energy backgrounds
such as 85
Kr 210
Bi and 210
Po These isotopes were reduced by ~ 185000 ~ 12100 and ~ 116 respectively While
the LS purification reduced backgrounds it caused the decrease of light yield by ~ 20 and following the deviation
of the position and time dependence Energy and its deviation are corrected using calibration and spallation data
before the geo-neutrino analysis
Anti-neutrinos are extracted from data using the likelihood selection based on the probability density function of
anti-neutrinos and accidental backgrounds depending on those rate to use low energy region and outer volume with
many accidental backgrounds The number of anti-neutrino candidates is 2043 events
The main backgrounds for geo-neutrinos are reactor neutrinos and 13
C(alpha n)16
O reaction The latter is reduced
by ~ 116 after the LS purification due to the reduction of the main alpha source 210
Po The number of total
backgrounds is estimated to be 20158 events
The expected number of geo-neutrinos is calculated using the reference Earth model based on
seismology petrology and the BSE model It is 976 events The Rate + Shape + Time analysis was
performed using these results The best-fit of geo-neutrinos is 860plusmn279 267 (32 accuracy) and does
not conflict with the expectation Zero geo-neutrinos are excluded at 34σ(9993) From the
estimated geo-neutrino flux and the model the upper limits of radiogenic heat from U and Th and
their mass in the mantle are 30 TW and 59x1017 kg at 90 CL This result excludes the
fully-radiogenic models of 37 TW and 44 TW at 976 and 996 CL respectively
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 69
Po-15
Pressure dependence of B-T phase diagram in
heavy-fermion superconductor CeRhSi3
Tetsuya Sugawara(D2) Noriaki Kimura(Assis Prof) and Haruyoshi Aoki(Prof)
Department of Physics Tohoku University
CeRhSi3 is a noncentrosymmetric heavy-fermion pressure-induced superconductor discovered in 2005 by N
Kimura et al [1] Its crystal structure lacks an inversion center which is characteristic of this compound as shown
in the inset of Fig 1 The superconductivity emerges above 02GPa although the antiferromagnetic order persists
up to 24GPa Therefore CeRhSi3 can provide two fascinating aspects of the superconductivity namely
noncentrosymmetric and heavy-fermion superconductivity
We reported the temperature dependence of the upper-critical-field Bc2(T) along the tetragonal c-axis of CeRhSi3
and the existence of a bend on the Bc2(T)-curve at the last forum To elucidate the nature of the bend we have
performed the precise measurement of the electrical resistivity at several pressures Figure 2 shows the resultant
Bc2(T)-curves of CeRhSi3 We found the bend appears at 24GPa at which the antiferromagnetic ordering
disappers at zero field This fact suggests that the bend is associated with the magnetism
At the forum we will also report the pressure dependence of other superconducting parameters and discuss the
nature of the bend
Reference
[1]N Kimura et al Phys Rev Lett 95 (2005) 247004
Fig 1 Crystal structure and T-P phase diagram
of CeRhSi3
Fig 2 Pressure dependence of the Bc2(T)-curve
of CeRhSi3
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
70 |
Po-16
Neutral meson photoproduction with electromagnetic calorimeter
complex FOREST
Koutaku Suzuki
Physics D3 Tohoku University
We have been studying hadron properties via the π0 and η photoproduction reactions at Research Center for
Electron Photon Science Tohoku University Recently we observed a narrow baryon resonance at Eγ ~ 1020
MeV in the γ d rarr η n p reaction The resonance seems to show up in the γ n rarr η n reaction since no signal has
been observed so far in the γ p rarr η p reaction at the same energy region
To investigate the resonance in more detail we developed a large solid angle electro-magnetic calorimeter
system FOREST It consists of three types of electromagnetic calorimeters and three plastic scintillator hodoscopes
One calorimeter located in a forward angular region is made up with 192 pure CsI crystals the second one covering
the polar angle from 30degto 100degcomprises 252 lead scintillating fiber blocks and the remaining calorimeter are
built with 36 lead glass Cherenkov counters The energy resolutions of pure CsI crystals lead scintillating fiber
blocks and lead glass Cherenkov counters are 21 72 and 49 respectively for 10 GeV electrons The
plastic scintillator hodoscopes are placed in front of these calorimeters to distinguish a particle being charged or
neutral FOREST covers the solid angle of about 90 in total
Experiments for π0 and η photoproduction reactions have been performed with FOREST The current status and
analysis of the experiments will be introduced
Po-17
Micro-photoluminescence around spin phase transition of ν=23
fractional quantum Hall regime
J HayakawaAK Muraki
BG YusaA
ADepartment of Physics Tohoku University
BNTT Basic Research Laboratories NTT Corporation
We have been interested in Landau level filling factor ν=23 fractional quantum Hall(FQH) regime because of
their interesting feature The spin degrees of freedom of electrons play an important role in this system That is
because the competition between Coulomb energy and Zeeman energy defines the ground state There are two
possible ground states unpolarized and fully polarized states A spin phase transition between these two states
occurs therefore domain formation with two polarizations is expected at certain magnetic field and carrier density
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 71
But actual size and shape of domains have not observed Moreover the dynamics of domains related to electric
current or nuclear spin polarization has been unveiled yet In contrast with standard transport measurement optical
measurement can reveal local configurations of electron spin Therefore we aim for direct observation of spin
domains at ν=23 by optical techniques
In our previous work we have measured circularly polarized photoluminescence from semiconductor quantum
well in the FQH regime at ν=23 We have found the peak intensity of singlet charged exciton tends to increase up
to transition point and it tends to decrease beyond this point by decreasing electron density On the other hand the
peak intensity of triplet charged exciton tends to monotonically increase by decreasing electron density Thus the
peak intensity of charged excitons can be used as a probe to detect local spin polarization
In order to acquire the image of spin domains we developed a scanning optical microscope in a dilution
refrigerator We illuminate samples with a laser through a square core multimode fiber to obtain a uniform electron
density over the sample Photoluminescence is collected by two polarization-maintaining fibers through circular
polarizer consisted of a quarter waveplate and a polarization beam splitter In this arrangement the core of the fiber
functions as a pinhole The sample is scanned by piezo-stage This experimental set-up will enable us to directly
observe the spin domains with micron order spatial resolution
Po-18
Ionic conductivity of Trehalose-Water-Lithium iodide mixture in glass
and supercooled liquid state
Reiji Takekawa
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Compound in the glassy state a certain kind of systems have ionic conductivity and the other donrsquot have ionic
conductivity in glassy ionic compound The former is decouple to glass framework and ion and latter is couple
That is beneficial to studying characteristic of glass transition in both system for principle and search higher
conductivity electrolyte Usually ldquocouplingrdquo sample and ldquodecouplingrdquo sample is another composed system Thus
that shouldnrsquot be studied details how to change between coupling glass to decoupling glass In this work search
systems which change coupling glass to decoupling glass with the different molar ration
In the previous study LiI-6H2O is good glass former and glass transition temperature Tg is -130 Glass
framework is hydrogen band network and lithium ion that coupled strongly To change decouple system I add
disaccharide Trehalose In general sugar group can make good stable glass Stabling glassy state and upper Tg
super cooled liquid state is important to some measuring in this case Thus I measured three component
trehalose-H2O-LiI systems In this system there is wide glass transition compound region
Result of Tg measurement by DSC Tg become higher increase with trehalose ratio Tg is 20 which ratio is
58 328 614 (trehalose-H2O-LiI molar ratio) I Compare conductivity at the glass transition temperature that
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
72 |
with LiI-6H2O (143 857) samples former is 5 order higher than latter The large increase suggest mobility
increase and changing coupling to decoupling system Consequently trehalose-H2O-LiI system is suitable to study
detail of coupling glass and decoupling glass
Po-19
Progress of the new DAQ system for wide-band solar neutrino
observation with KamLAND
Takemoto Yasuhiro
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Precise measurement of fluxes of solar neutrinos could examine validity of Standard Solar Model With
KamLAND previous efforts on solar neutrino observation focused on individual kind of those eg 8B
7Be
neutrinos Observation of those neutrinos was enabled by ultra-pure liquid scintillator which was even more
purified in these several years
However there still exist two major sources of backgrounds which are difficult to remove with current
electronics One source is a long-lived isotope eg 11
C 10
C which is produced in cosmic muon induced spallation
A huge muon is followed by high-rate events (up to several hundred events within one millisecond) including
neutrons which are byproducts of spallation isotopes Since decay of a spallation isotope comes too late to be told
as it detection of the neutrons which have space correlation with the isotope is necessary for identifying the
isotope and to extract neutrino signals from backgrounds Dead time of current DAQ electronics makes it difficult
to detect all of these neutrons which prevents us from salvaging neutrino events The other source of backgrounds
is residual radioactive impurity A part of decays of 85
Kr one of radioactive impurities is observed as two signals
but the first signal is too small to be triggered
My colleagues and I have been developed new electronics which consist of DAQ electronics which are free
from dead time within such event rate and intelligent trigger electronics which utilize the huge buffers inside the
DAQ electronics
At the present moment production assessment and installation of the electronics have accomplished And I
report here recent progress including installation in-situ tuning of on-board signal processing logic and of DAQ
software and future prospects of this project
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 73
Po-20
Double Chooz PMT preparation
TABATA Hiroshi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Double Chooz experiment is a reactor neutrino experiment searching for last undefined neutrino mixing angle
θ13
The most stringent constraint on the third mixing angle comes from the CHOOZ reactor neutrino experiment as
sin2(2θ13)lt02 Double Chooz will explore the range of sin
2(2θ13) with a sensitivity down to 003-002 within three
years of data taking The improvement of the CHOOZ result requires an increase in the statistics a reduction of the
systematic error below one percent and a careful control of the backgrounds Therefore Double Chooz will use
two identical detectors one at 400 m (near detector ) and another at 105 km from the Chooz nuclear cores
The plan is to start operation in middle of 2010 with the far detector
Main responsibility of Japanese group is photomultiplier tube (PMT) system Double Chooz uses 390 PMTs for
each detector We developed and purchased PMTs After some testing we finished 390 PMTs installation of far
detector in December 2009 This poster shows a state of PMT preparation
Po-21
Effects of lanthanoid ion on phosphate head groups in DMPC
membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures
Kouya Tamatsukuri1 (D3) Tetsuhiko Ohba
1 Gen Sazaki
2 Kazuo Ohki
1
1Department of Physics Tohoku University Sendai Japan
2Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Sendai Japan
Based on many solid-state NMR studies it is generally supposed that phospholipids become orientated in an
applied static magnetic field due to the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility which arises mainly from their
fatty acyl chains For phospholipids is generally negative and its exact value depends on the molecular structure
so lipids tend to orient perpendicular to the field 12-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and
12-dihexanoyl-sn-glycero-3- phosphatidylcholine (DHPC) mixtures are generally assumed to consist of disklike
micelles often called bicelles which align in magnetic fields with the bilayer normal perpendicular to the fields
direction due to negative of lipids However in addition of some trivalent lanthanoid ions such as Eu3+
Er3+
Yb3+
and Tm3+
which have a positive magnetic anisotropy it was reported to orient bicelles such that their normal
is parallel to the fields by NMR measurements On the other hands it was reported that cations including
lanthanoid ions induce the conformation change of the polar head group of lipids too So we investigated the
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
74 |
effects of lanthanoids ion Eu3+
on phosphate head groups of DMPC membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures in the
absence of magnetic fields by fluorescence spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry and compared with
the results of NMR measurements
Po-22
Status of double beta decay experiment with KamLAND
Azusa Terashima
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Neutrinoless double beta decay predicted by Furry in 1938 and described by the process A(Z) -gt A(Z+2) + 2e- is
extremely rare process yet observed in nature This remarkable decay that violates the lepton number conservation
demands two characteristic neutrino properties One is that neutrinos have non-zero mass and another one is they
are Majorana particles
Although rare decay rate (half-life gt 1020
yr) make experiment difficult which requires very low background and
large volume this decay is very interested in since it will tell us the nature of neutrinos (DiracMajorana) its
effective mass via its half-life and neutrino mass hierarchy
The Kamioka Liquid scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector (KamLAND) is low energy neutrino detector with 1000
ton s of highly purified liquid scintillator (LS) located on the former Kamiokande experiment site in Japan at a
depth of ~2700 m water equivalent
Utilizing KamLAND clean environment and its large volume of liquid scintillator we will search the
neutrinoless double beta decay with 90 enriched 400kg of 136
Xe nuclei at 1st phase started in 2011
With a little improvement of the detector and Xe loaded into the liquid scintillator KamLAND aims to understand
the nature of neutrinos The status and development of this experiment will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 75
Po-23
Simulations on Dynamics of Wormlike Micellar System
Using Particle-Field Hybrid Models
Masatoshi Toda
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Surfactant molecules eg cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) self-assemble reversibly into long and
flexible micelles in the presence of certain salts eg sodium salicylate (NaSal) [1] Such micelles are generally
called ldquowormlike micellesrdquo or ldquoliving polymersrdquo and known to show pronounced viscoelastic properties due to the
relaxation of intermicellar entanglements For example in the linear viscoelastic regime they can show the
exponential relaxation characterized by the single relaxation time [2] This behavior is very different from that of
entangled polymeric systems which have a broad spectrum of the entanglement relaxation modes In a steady shear
flow (nonlinear regime) they can also show shear-induced phase separations called ldquoshear bandingrdquo [3] The
detailed molecular origins of these interesting rheological properties have not yet been understood
In order to investigate rheological properties of wormlike micellar systems we propose particle-field hybrid
models which treat wormlike micellar chains as discrete particles and a solvent part as a continuous field The
method will enable us to simulate large-scale systems more efficiently than conventional particle-based methods
eg Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) [4]
We will report details of our models and several results by computer simulations on the models
References
[1] I W Hamley Introduction to Soft Matter (Wiley 2007)
[2] T Shikata H Hirata T Kotaka Langmuir 3 1081 (1987) 4 354 (1988) 5 398 (1989)
[3] M E Cates S M Fielding Adv Phys 55 799 (2006)
[4] P J Hoogerbrugge J M V A Koelman Europhys Lett 19 155 (1992)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
76 |
Po-24
Magneto-dielectric phenomena in charge ordered system
with frustrated geometrical lattice
Makoto Naka (D2) Sumio Ishihara
Physics Tohoku University
Electronic ferroelectricity is known as phenomenon where electric polarization is attributed to the charge order
without inversion symmetry This is seen in some transition metal oxides eg RFe2O4 (R is a rare earth ion) and
charge-transfer organic salts In LuFe2O4 magneto-dielectric phenomena such as increasing of electric polarization
around magnetic ordering temperature observed and are investigated experimentally and theoretically [1] Quasi
2- -(ET)2Cu2(CN)3 -ET salts of which two ET molecules construct a
dimerized pair and are located on a triangular lattice These compounds are known as a so-called dimer-Mott
insulator because one hole exists in each dimer Because of nearly isotropic triangular lattice and the geometrical
frustration novel spin liquid state is expected to appear Recently it is reported that the increase of dielectric
constant is experimentally observed below 60K This indicates the presence of ferro (or anti-ferro) electric
transition The electric polarization is thought to be generated by a localized hole in one side of ET molecules in
dimers [2]
We present a theory of magneto-dielectric phenomena in electronic ferroelectricity in RFe2O4 -ET salt
-ET salts we treat an electric dipole as a pseudo spin and derive the effective model
Hamiltonian where the inter-dimer transfer integrals and the Coulomb interactions are introduced in a triangular
lattice We analyze this model by utilizing the mean-field approximation and the classical Monte-Carlo simulation
We found that the magnetodielectric phenomena originate from spin-charge coupling and geometrical frustration
We also suggest that charge degree of freedom controls the magnetic ordered and disordered states
References
[1] M Naka A Nagano and S Ishihara Phys Rev B 77 224441 (2008)
[2] T Sasaki et al (unpublished)
[3] M Naka and S Ishihara (in preparation)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 77
Po-25
Pi-mesonic decays of Λ hypernuclei
Yoji Nakagawa
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
78 |
Po-26
Axionic Mirage Mediation
Shuntaro Nakamura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Although the mirage mediation is one of the most plausible mediation mechanisms of supersymmetry
breaking it suffers from two crucial problems One is the muB mu-problem and the second is the cosmological
one The former stems from the fact that the B parameter tends to be comparable with the gravitino mass which is
two order of magnitude larger than the other soft masses The latter problem is caused by the decay of the modulus
whose branching ratio into the gravitino pair is sizable In this talk we propose a model of mirage mediation in
which Peccei-Quinn symmetry is incorporated
In this axionic mirage mediation it is shown that the Peccei-Quinn symmetry breaking scale is dynamically
determined around 10^10 GeV to 10^12 GeV due to the supersymmetry breaking effects and the
mu-problem can be solved naturally Furthermore in our model the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) is the
axino that is the superpartner of the axion The overabundance of the LSPs due to decays of modulusgravitino
which is the most serious cosmological difficulty in the mirage mediation can be avoided if the axino is
sufficiently light The next-LSPs (NLSPs) produced by the gravitino eventually decay into the axino LSPs yielding
the dominant component of the axinos remaining today It is shown that the axino with the mass of O(100) MeV is
naturally realized which can constitute the dark matter of the Universe with the free-streaming length of the order
of 01 Mpc The saxion the real scalar component of the axion supermultiplet can also be cosmologically harmless
due to the dilution of the modulus decay The lifetime of NLSP is relatively long but much shorter than 1 sec
when the big-bang nucleosynthesis commences The decay of NLSP would provide intriguing collider signatures
Po-27
The Study of the Origin of Lyman alpha Emitters
with Large Equivalent Widths
Yuki Nakamura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Through the last decade searches for high-redshift Lyman alpha emitters (LAE) by narrow-band imaging have
been conducted extensively In these surveys the LAEs with very large equivalent width (EW) are studied with
much interest (egMalhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Fujita et al 2003 Hu et al 2004 Dawson et al 2004 Saito et al
2006 Shimasaku et al 2006 Gronwall et al 2007 Ouchi et al 2008 Nilsson et al 2009) as they may be related
with extremely young or metal-poor stars or any other signatures of he very early phase of galaxy formation
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 79
(Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Schaerer 2003) Among the LAEs identified by spectroscopic observation 10-40 have
the large rest-frame equivalent width EW0≦240Å at z=31 (Ouchi et al 2008)
What are the origins of these large EW objects More than a few ideas have been discussed such as
photoionization by extremely hot stars cooling radiation from gravitationally heated gas in the collapsed halos
(Steidel et al 2000 Haiman et al 2000 Fardal et al 2001 Yang et al 2006) or shock heating by starburst-driven
galactic wind (Taniguchi amp Shioya 2000 Taniguchi et al 2001 Ohyama et al 2003 Wilman et al 2005) The
effects of HI scattering and dust absorption should also be considered properly in the models
For the case of photoionization by massive stars it is difficult to reproduce Lyman alpha emission larger than
EW0≦240Å by the simple models with constant continuous star-formation rate at the equilibrium phase when the
numbers of ionizing photons become constantly (Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002) Models with top heavy initial mass
function or very metal-poor stars can reproduce EW larger than ~300Å if the age of star formation is younger than
a fewtimes106 yr With the solar metallicity models with Salpeter IMF are difficult to reproduce such large EW even
much younger age less than 1 Myr (Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Scaerar 2003) In the most extreme case very high
EW objects (gt500Å) are hard to explain without primordial stars with the metallicity less than 10-5
(eg Malhotra
amp Rhoads 2002 Dijkstra amp Wyithe 2007) It would be even possible to detect signatures of population III (POPIII)
metal-free stars among the extremely large EW LAEs
We present the properties of large EW Lyman-alpha emitters in the high-density region at z=31 in and around
the SSA22 fields (Steidel et al 1998 1999 2000 Hayashino et al 2004 Matsuda et al 2004) We have expanded
the previous narrow-band survey using Sprime-Cam equipped with 82m Subaru Telescope to cover in total of
~14deg2 area (Yamada et al in prep) More than 1400 LAEs down to L~167times10
42 erg s
-1 were detected We focus
on the equivalent width distributions of these LAEs to characterize the high density region of LAEs where galaxy
formation seems to occur preferentially at the epoch
Po-28
Ultrafast broadband THz response of photo-induced metallic state
in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF )2I3
H Nakaya1 Y Takahashi
1 S Iwai
12 K Yamamoto
3 K Yakushi
3 and S Saito
4
1 Department of Physics Tohoku University Sendai 980-8578 Japan
2 JST-CREST Sendai 980-8578 Japan
3 Institute for Molecular Science Okazaki 444-8585 Japan
4 Institute of Information and Communications Technology Kobe 651-2492 Japan
Photo-induced insulator to metal transition in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF)2I3
(BEDT-TTF[bis(ethylenedithio)]tetrathiafulvalene) has been investigated using mid-IR pump-probe [1-3] and
near-IR pump-terahertz(THz) probe spectroscopy [4] However the measurement range of THz spectroscopy was
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
80 |
very narrow (2-11 meV) In this study spectral range was extended to 2-36 meV (05-9 THz)
Figure 1 shows that transient absorption (OD) spectra observed for excitation intensity (089 eV 001 mJcm2)
at 124 K OD spectrum at 08 ps has a broad absorption increase exhibiting generation of the metallic state
Moreover marked change of the phonon structure at 16 meV (arrow) was detected immediately after excitation We
will discuss the low energy carrier and lattice dynamics based on the time evolution of the broad THz spectrum
[1] Iwai et al Phys Rev Lett 98 097402 (2007)
[2] Iwai et al Phys Rev B 77 125131 (2008)
[3] Yamamoto et al J Phys Soc Jpn 77 074709(2008)
[4] Nakaya et alUltrafast Phenomena XVI 173 (2008)
Po-29
Ring-Exchange interaction in Orbital Degenerate System
J Nasu (D2) S Ishihara
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Orbital degree of freedom is one of the recent attractive themes in transition-metal oxides In contrast to the spin
degree of freedom the inter-site interaction between the orbitals is anisotropic in the real space As a result a kind
of frustration termed orbital frustration is brought about A doubly degenerate eg orbital are represented by the
pseudo-spin (PS) operator T and the orbital interaction is described by the nearest neighbor (NN) exchange
interaction between PSs Due to the orbital frustration there is a macroscopic number of degeneracy in the classical
ground state This degeneracy is lifted by the thermal and quantum fluctuations This is known to be the so-called
ldquoorder by fluctuationrdquo mechanism However the NN interaction based on the perturbation with respect to the
electron transfer is not sufficient in the system which is close to the metal-insulator transition
In this study we examine the ring-exchange interaction in the orbital degenerate system with strong electron
correlation First we derive the effective Hamiltonian from the two-orbital Hubbard model by the perturbational
processes up to the order of (tU)4 where t is hopping integral of an electron and U is inter-orbital Coulomb
interaction on the same site This effective Hamiltonian has not only an interaction between NN PSs but also the
ring-exchange interaction It is worth to note this ring-exchange term includes the octupole operator Ty which does
not appear in the conventional effective Hamiltonian for orbital We analyze this model by the classical
Figure 1 Transient absorption (ΔOD)
spectra observed for excitation intensity
001 mJcm2 at 124 K
0 10 20 30
0
05
1
Fig1 Transient absorption (ΔOD) spectra observed for excitation intensity 001 mJcm2 at 124 K The solid and dashed curve indicate 08 and 25 ps after excitation
124 K
08 ps
Photon Energy (meV)
ΔO
D
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 81
Monte-Carlo method and obtain the phase diagram as functions of temperature and tU In small tU region the
antiferro-type quadrupole (AFQ) order is realized by the thermal fluctuation We find that the canted quadrupole
order is stabilized by the ring-exchange interaction The octupole order appears in large tU region Next to clarify
the quantum effect on the ring-exchange interaction we analyze this model by the Bethe approximation the exact
diagonalization method and the spin-wave approximation We reproduce the AFQ order the canted quadrupole
order and the octupole order In the large tU region we find the quantum para-orbital state which is also confirmed
by the spin-wave approximation
This work is financially supported by Tohoku University Global COE program
Po-30
Shape Memory Effect Induced by Magnetic-Field Rotation
in MnV2O4 Spinel Compound
Yoichi Nii
Physics D1 Tohoku University
In transition metal oxides the orbital degree of freedom plays an important role in their physical phenomena
Spinel compounds are one of the typical systems to study the orbital physics in which the orbital state often gives
rise to much more interesting properties through a possible coupling with both lattice and spin degrees of freedom
MnV2O4 is a representative spinel compound where the orbital-spin coupling is predicted to exist in the nearly
triply degenerate t2g orbital at V3+
sites In this compound a structural phase transition from cubic to tetragonal
(agtc) occurs at Ts = 57K accompanying a ferrimagnetic transition [1] Even above Ts the structural phase
transition can also be induced by the application of a magnetic field via the spin-orbit coupling Below Ts the
tetragonal domain can be aligned by a magnetic field [1] In this research the distribution of the cubic and the three
types of tetragonal domains (c[100]cubic [010]cubic [001]cubic) has been controlled by the combination of
magnetic-field sweep and rotation By rotating the magnetic field from [100]c to [010]c below Ts a single
tetragonal-domain state with c[100]cubic successfully switched to another single-domain state with c[010]cubic By
oscillating the magnetic field direction between [100]cubic to [010]cubic the system showed a strain-angle hysteresis
loop In addition a multi-domain state of these two tetragonal domains is also obtained in a tetragonal phase
induced by a magnetic field along [110]cubic at 57K Combining these processes a magnetic-field induced shape
memory effect without temperature variation has been successfully demonstrated
[1] T Suzuki K Katsumura K Taniguchi T Arima and T Katsufuji Phys Rev Lett 98 127203 (2007)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
82 |
Po-31
The ω meson photoproduction on the nucleon in the threshold region
Ryo HASHIMOTO
Physics D3 Tohoku University
The ω meson is one of the vector meson its spin parity is 1―
Studying near-threshold ω- meson
photoproduction is interesting theme to search for new baryon resonance states Recently the CLAS
collaboration reported that a missing baryon state JP = 52
+ contributes to ω- photoproduction around incident
photon energy of 2 GeV Paying attention to other vector meson production near threshold region the anomaly
of the cross section near threshold region is observed for φ-photoproduction by the CLAS collaboration A local
maximum appeared around Eγ = 2 GeV It is interesting that such a local peak is observed or not observed for
ω- photoproduction The detailed cross section data is needed for these investigations Currently there are a few
data of ω-photoproduction cross section We measure it from threshold up to 1145 MeV
We have already done some experiments with 4π EM calorimeter complex FOREST at Gev-γ experimental hall
in Laboratory of Nuclear Science (now Research Center of electron Photon Science) 750 ndash 1150 MeV
bremsstrahlung photon is exposed to a cryogenic liquid H2D2 target We detect 3 photons decayed from ω meson
generated in the reaction of γN rarrωN ω rarr π0γ rarr 3γ and measure their energy and out-going direction for
reconstruct an invariant mass In a π0γ invariant mass distribution we can find an ω meson peak clearly
The invariant mass of π0γ
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 83
P0-32
Prototype fast imaging detector for YN-scattering
Ryotaro Honda
Physics M1Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
84 |
Po-33
Ground state phase diagram of graphene in a high Landau level
A density matrix renormalization group study
Tatsuya Higashi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 85
Po-34
Investigation of the n ( K0) reaction near the threshold
KFutatsukawa for the NKS2 collaboration D3
Department of Physics Tohoku University Japan
Kaon photoproductions play an important role in the investigation of meson-baryon coupling the structure of
hadrons and search for missing resonances The n ( K0 is a unique process and a key for the investigation on
kaon photoproductions The reactions are (1) since no charge is involved in the initial and final state the t-channel
Born term doesnrsquot contribute (2) since it is the mirror channel of p ( K reaction the coupling constant of the 0
exchange in u-channel change its opposite sign
Therefore we have constructed the Neutral Kaon Spectrometer (NKS2) at the Laboratory of Nuclear Science
Tohoku University (LNS-Tohoku) which can provide tagged photons near the threshold of this reaction NKS2
consists of a dipole magnet with 042 Tesla at the center and TOF counters two types of drift chambers The target
is a liquid deuterium for the investigation into the elementary process of the n ( K0 reaction The acceptance of
NKS2 covers the very forward region making it possible to measure much larger kinematical region for K0 and to
provide the angular distribution for the comparison of the theoretical calculations NKS2 has the large acceptance
against not only +
- decay mode from K
0 but also p
- decay mode from It makes possible to measure the K
0
coincidence events Thus we can provide the cross sections of not only the single K0 events but also the K
0
coincidence events
We will present the performance of NKS2 in detail and preliminary results of the K0 coincidence events in this
contribution
Po-35
Traffic flow of two lanes with a bottleneck
Sho Furuhashi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Traffic jam is an important problem because it gives the society heavy economic losses In order to untie it we
have to understand traffic currents on road networks Many people have studied traffic currents on road networks
with models There are many models which represent traffic currents Cellular automaton (CA) model is a simple
model of them On a one dimensional lane a fundamental diagram of this model a relation between traffic flow
and vehicle density shows a similar characteristic of actual observed traffic currents Because of this similarity it is
a simple way to use CA model on road networks But road networks are more complex than one dimensional lanes
We have a question whether CA model is suitable for road networks or not
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
86 |
A road network is drawn by representing an intersection as a node and a road as a link When we think the traffic
currents of road networks intersections have important effects At an intersection cars on a lane block cars on the
other lanes So an intersection is recognized as a bottleneck Road network consists of bottlenecks We have to
research the effects of bottlenecks to understand the traffic currents of road networks
We study a traffic current of a simple bottleneck It is a two-lane circuit a part of which is one lane In this
system cyclic changes of the passing direction are observed Many people have studied this system with CA model
and got some results But they have not compared the traffic current of CA model on this system with an actual
traffic current So we do this comparison and check the utility of this model If this utility is confirmed it is a
proper way to use this model on road networks
Actual traffic currents were recorded at two points a corner of a road surrounding the Sendai Castle and the
Ryuujin Bridge near Kurogami Campus of Kumamoto University with a video camera The number of lanes is
reduced from two to one at these points We compared these records with the current of CA model by using a
distribution and a cycle correlation of the number of passing cars in a cycle of changes of the passing direction
The results are as follows Their distributions are exponential distributions They show no cycle correlation
From these results we can say that they are under Poisson Process and CA model reproduces an actual traffic
current
However a problem is left It is whether we can get same result in larger traffic volume or not To say that CA
model is suitable for the traffic current on road networks we have to confirm that we get same result regardless of
traffic volume This is an issue which remains to be solved
Po-36
Staggered Order with Kondo and Crystalline Field Singlets
in f2 System
Shintaro Hoshino Junya Otsuki and Yoshio Kuramoto
Department of Physics Tohoku University
With two localized f-electrons per site as in the case with Pr and U compounds the ground state of a solid can
be a collection of crystalline electric field (CEF) singlets plus the Fermi sea of conduction electrons If the
f-electrons interact strongly with conduction electrons the ground state can also be a collective Kondo singlet
Competition between these two singlets may give rise to rich physics with exotic ordered phases We propose a
novel staggered order of these two kinds of singlets by using a model with CEF singlet-triplet states and conduction
electrons which are connected together by the Kondo coupling We have performed highly accurate numerical
calculations using the dynamical mean-field theory combined with the continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo
method With one conduction electron per site we have found a metal-insulator transition temperature below which
the staggered singlet order emerges
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 87
The figure shows the local density of states in the ordered phase It shows a peak below the Fermi level at a
sublattice for Kondo singlet and a vacant peak at another sublattice for CEF singlet This indicates that the
conduction electrons gather at the Kondo singlet site in order to screen localized moments These two peaks add up
to a double peaked structure as in Kondo insulators We discuss possible relevance of the results to understanding
actual systems such as PrFe4P12 and URu2Si2
Figure Local density of states at the (a) Kondo singlet site and (b) CEF singlet site The band width of conduction
electrons is given by 2D
Po-37
Proton elastic scattering of 9C at 290 MeV
Yohei Matsuda
Physics Assistant professor Tohoku University
In order to understand nuclear properties it is important to get information on various shapes of unstable nuclei
as density distributions Therefore it has been expected to measure proton elastic scattering on unstable nuclei at
intermediate energies In particular the incident energies around 300 MeVnucleon are the most suitable because
the proton has the longest mean free path in nuclei For several years we have been developing an apparatus that
consists of beam detectors a solid hydrogen target and recoil proton detectors And we performed these
experiments which were the first at the energy region at the HIMAC facility in the NIRS
As for these experiments we focused on isotopes of carbon because the mass number varies widely from 9 to 22
and density distributions are different dramatically Among these 9C has two characteristics because of its small
proton separation energy (13 MeV) and no bound excited state One is a candidate of a proton halo nucleus and the
other is an experimental advantage that it is possible to separate elastic scattering events from inelastic scattering
events by charge identification of scattering particles Then we chose 9C as the first object
The differential cross section for 9C at 290 MeV is obtained in the momentum transfer region of 1 to 2 fm
-1 The
absolute value is determined by measuring proton elastic and inelastic scattering to the first 2+ excited state of
12C
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
88 |
at 410 MeVnucleon Error bars include systematic and statistical errors and the latter mainly contribute to the
uncertainty Compared with 12
C data the angular distribution does not show a clear diffraction minimum
In the present study the angular distribution is compared with microscopic model calculations Optical model
description is performed with the RIA and the G-matrix approximation Description of nuclear structure is done
with the RMF and the AMD The unclear diffraction minimum is comparatively reproduced by the RMF It is
considered that this reproduction is derived from that the tail of the proton distribution grows longer than that of the
AMD result Though more detailed discussion could be done in comparison with more backscattering data a lack
of data and an inaccurateness of nuclear reaction models at the angle make it difficult In future it is desired to
improve these two points
Po-38
High Resolution and High Statistics Λ Hypernuclear Spectroscopy
by the (e ersquoK+) Reaction
Akihiko Matsumura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Λ hypernuclear spectroscopy by the (eersquoK+) reaction is a powerful tool to investigate ΛN interaction because
this reaction excites various states up to deep inside of hypernucleus and sub-MeV resolution can be achieved
thanks to the high quality primary electron beam from CEBAF at Jefferson laboratory (JLab) The second
generation hypernuclear spectroscopy at JLab Hall C E01-011 was successfully performed in the summer of 2005
introducing High resolution Kaon Spectrometer (HKS) and a new configuration for scattered electron spectrometer
These unique techniques significantly improved both energy resolution and hypernuclear tagging efficiency and we
succeeded to study various hypernuclei
12
ΛB precise p-shell hypernuclear structures were measured and the binding energy and cross section were
compared with the shell model calculation with DWIA
28
ΛAl The first hypernuclear spectroscopy beyond the p-shell by the (eersquoK+) reaction was executed and
major shell structures were observed The results were compared with the shell model calculation with DWIA
7ΛHe The first spectroscopic investigation of
7ΛHe which is one of the unique neutron rich hypernuclear by
(eersquoK+) reaction was carried out successfully The result provides new information on ΛΣ coupling and charge
symmetry breaking
with high resolution and sufficient statistics for the first time by this reaction The analysis is now in the final stage
and systematic errors of binding energy and cross section were estimated with a help of the detailed Monte Carlo
simulation The overview and the analysis result of E01-011 experiment will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 89
Po-39
External Gamma-ray Backgrounds of the KamLAND Detector
Yukie Minekawa
Physics D2 Tohoku University
The KamLAND detector is a scintillation detector for neutrino measurement located in the Kamioka mine It
consists of the inner detector with radius of 9 meters and the outer detector The inner detector has 1000 tons liquid
scintillator at the center and it is a detection part of neutrino events
The liquid scintillatior is surrounded by mountain rocks and the KamLAND components such as PMTs EVOH
films Kevlar strings stainless and so on They contain some amount of radioactive impurities Their radiations are
detected by KamLAND and are backgrounds of neutrino events Especially gamma rays are serious since they
travel long distance A lot of them are able to get into the liquid scintillator
It needs to estimate the amounts of these backgrounds and their position dependences in order to distinguish
neutrino events This requires simulations of radiations with the detector geometry considered
For these simulations geant4 a tool for particle simulations is used The radiations are generated from each
surroundings and their energy deposits are constructed as events detected in KamLAND Compared with
KamLAND data the amounts of the backgrounds from surroundings are be able to estimated Their position
dependences enable us to know the effects of them in the fiducial volume
Po-40
Higgs Triplet Model
Yusuke Motoki
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Standard Model (SM) of particle physics is one of the most successful theory Most of the collider
experiment result can be explained in the framework of the SM However in 1998 Super-Kamiokande
experiment discovered that the neutrinos have very small masses In the SM the neutrinos are massless
particles We must consider the new model which the neutrinos have masses In the Higgs Triplet Model (HTM)
which is simplest extension of SM a complex SU(2) triplet scalar field with the hypercharge Y = 2 is added to
SM Lagrangian in order to have the neutrino masses This model generates the Majorana neutrino masses via
the Yukawa couplings of the triplet scalar field Yukawa couplings of triplet scalar field product lepton flavor
violating decays and etc The decays are searched for at the B
factory
A distinctive point in the HTM is that doubly charged Higgs bosons exists The decays of this particles are
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
90 |
particular processes If doubly charged Higgs bosons mass is relatively light it will be produced at the CERN
Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
In this Poster Session Irsquod like to explain the relations between the HTM and collider experiments
Po-41
Electron diffraction study of the low temperature phase of
Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16
Daisuke Morikawa
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Recently the high quality single crystal of Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16 has been successfully made by
high-pressure synthesis and the metal-insulator transition keeping ferromagnetism was formed at 95K [1] This
phenomenon is very rare in the strongly-correlated electron materials The crystal structure of the low temperature
phase and the origin of the metal-insulator phase transition have been unclear yet The purpose of this study is to
examine the phase transition at the nano-scale area of K2Cr8O16 using Convergent-beam electron diffraction
(CBED) and Selected-area electron diffraction (SAED)
Single crystals of K2Cr8O16 were prepared by Mr Hasegawa and Prof Ueda ISSP University of Tokyo using
high-pressure synthesis The electron diffraction experiments were conducted using a JEM-2010FEF transmission
electron microscope equipped with an in-column omega-type energy filter Intensities of electron diffraction were
recorded on imaging plate The accelerating voltage of electron microscope was 100kV The electron diffraction
patterns were obtained at specimen temperature of 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Figure 1 shows energy-filtered CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
In this figure Zeroth order Laue zone (ZOLZ) reflections are shown It is clearly shown that the structure transition
is not occurred at low temperature phase The [001] [111] and [201] incidence SAED patterns were also taken and
shows no structure transition at low temperature
[1] K Hasegawa et al Phys Rev Lett 103 146403 (2009)
Figure 1 The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively Every patterns show m symmetry
and there no difference
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 91
Po-42
Light scattering by collective excitation of phonon
in quantum paraelectrics
Ryuta Takano
Physics D1 Tohoku University
SrTiO3 and KTaO3 are typical perovskite-type oxides The polarization arrangement in these materials is thought
to be disturbed by the zero point vibration though they have a ferroelectric phonon mode that softens at the Γ point
As a result they do not undergo a ferroelectric phase transition so these materials are often called Quantum
paraelectrics The normal phonon-phonon scattering where the momentum is conserved is thought to become
predominant at the Γ point due to the anharmonic interaction between the long wave-length phonons of the soft
transverse optic and the acoustic modes Gurevich and Tagantsev expected the existence of the second-sound wave
(compression wave of the phonon gas) from the above-mentioned speculation in SrTiO3 and KTaO3 [1] We have
observed a scattered peak that looked like the sound wave (which was called Broad doublet (BD)) at 30K or less in
SrTiO3 and at 20K or less in KTaO3 in our low frequency light scattering experiment [Figure 1] Since the origin of
the BD is still controversial it is important to understand more systematically the collective excitation of phonon
by the analysis on low frequency elementary excitation in quantum paraelectrics Therefore we aimed to
understand the temperature dependence of the relaxation times (τNτR) of the ldquoNormal processrdquo (in which the
momentum is preserved in the phonon-phonon scattering) and the ldquoResistive processrdquo (of considering all scattering
that contributes to dissipative energy transport by phonon and lattice imperfection or impurities) from the spectrum
analysis based on the extended thermodynamics [2]
Figure 2 shows the temperature dependences of τN and τR determined by fitting that uses the extended
thermodynamics The horizontal and vertical axes measure the temperature and the angular frequency respectively
Both axes are logarithmically scaled ω0 denotes the natural frequency of the second-sound wave The conclusion
from the analysis is as the followings
1 A narrow quasi-elastic scattering component in the high temperature region is a light scattering spectrum by
thermal diffusion It has been understood that the frequency of the resistive process falls when lowering the
temperature in SrTiO3 and this thermal diffusion mode (the second-sound wave that over dumped) shifts to the
second-sound wave (propagating mode)
2 It cannot be said that the phonon gas is in the state of the collective excitation in the observation scale of the
actual experiment It should be interpreted that the observed BD for KTaO3 only as the second order Raman
scattering involving pairs of individual phonons
[1] VLGurevich and AKTagantsev Sov Phys JETP 67 206 (1988)
[2] Djou JCasas-Vacuteazquez and GLebon Extended Irreversible thermodynamics (Springer 2001) 3rd ed
Figure The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Every patterns show m symmetry and there no difference
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
92 |
Figure 1 Light scattering spectrum of SrTiO3 and KTaO3 Figure 2 Temperature dependence of τN and τR
Po-43
Formation of the Milky Way Based on the Analysis of Kinematics and
Chemical Abundance of the Outer Halo Stars
Miho Ishigaki
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
How galaxies in the Universe came into existence remains one of the big questions in astronomy It is now
widely recognized that our own Milky Way (MW) Galaxy serves as a unique laboratory to examine mechanisms at
which our Galaxy as well as galaxies in general formed and evolved One important advantage of studying our
Galaxy is that because of its proximity one can measure position velocity and chemical abundance of individual
stars in the solar neighborhood which can be used as a fossil record of the early Galaxy
As an attempt to constrain how our Galaxy formed we study chemical abundance of old stars whose orbits
reach the outer part of the Galactic stellar halo Because of their unusual orbital velocity these outer halo stars are
considered as possible candidates for debris of small galaxies that have been disrupted either partly or totally
during the course of accretion on to the MW in the past In the poster we present the results of our abundance
analysis for the sample of 57 outer halo stars using the data obtained with High-Dispersion Spectrograph mounted
on the Subaru telescope Our detailed abundance results for the key elements including Magnesium Calcium Iron
etc support the hypothesis that the certain fraction of the MW outer stellar halo have built up by accretions of
smaller galaxies as previously suggested from studies based on lower resolution spectral data
Figure The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Every patterns show m symmetry and there no difference
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 93
Po-44
Searching for Luminous Core-Collapsed Supernovae
in a High-z Proto-Cluster
Nana Morimoto
Astronomy D1 Tohoku University
It has been revealed that SSA22 region at redshift z=31 is an extremely high density region of LAEs (LyA
emitters) In addition to this star formation in this region is supposed to be biased to very large mass from the
evidence such as a large number of large LyA EW objects Therefore core-collapsed supernovae (SNe) of massive
stars are expected to occur frequently in this region While SNe has not been detected beyond zgt2 to date it is very
important not only to detect core-collapsed SNe at z=31 but also to obtain any useful information to understand
star formation in early universe So we estimated the expectation of observing core-collapsed SNe in SSA22 region
at z=31 based on our own sample of star-forming galaxies and carried out preliminary observations and data
analysis to search for variable objects to investigate the detectability of core-collapsed SNe at high-z by searching
for variability of LAEs in this region
Po-45
A Study of Light Curves from Rapidly Rotating Neutron Stars
Kazutoshi Numata
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
The launch of the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) brought many discoveries in the physics of neutron
stars Periodic millisecond X-ray oscillations have been detected in 22 accreting neutron stars in low-mass X-ray
binary systems (hereafter we refer to these accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar as AMXPs) Accretion-powered
millisecond oscillations have so far been detected in 10 AMXPs The oscillation can be always detected in 7
AMXPs of 10 AMXPs and 3 others can be detected intermittently
The light curves for X-rays emitted from neutron stars have various information which are the stars radius
mass spin frequency inner structure of the stars circumstellar region observer inclination and so on We mainly
consider AMXPs and compare their properties to light curves calculated by assumed models
AMXPs have several properties The main properties are small amplitudes sinusoidal pulse shapes variable
oscillation amplitudes variable pulse phases The fractional rms amplitudes of the accretion powered oscillation are
about 1-2 in most AMXPs And observed light curves have nearly sinusoidal pulse shapes and the fractional rms
amplitudes of fundamental is usually tenth times larger than first overtone component
Andersson (1998) proposed that r-mode are excited by gravitational wave radiation R-modes are waves
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
94 |
propagated in neutron stars So it is important to think r-mode on surface of the neutron star Therefore we use the
model of R-mode plus hot spot model (RS model) to calculate light curves from the neutron stars This model is a
new model There have been models to assume only r-modes and to assume only hot spots so far but there have
never been models that r-modes and hot spots are assumed simultaneously
The hot spot locate on the surface of the neutron star and dont interact with r-mode thermally This r-mode is
the wave in a rotating and magnetized neutron star (Lee 2009) The neutron star is assumed to be threaded by a
dipole magnetic field which strength B0 at the surface is 1010
G This strength of 1010
G is typically value in
low-mass X-ray binary systems It is calculated in a neutron star model composed of a fluid ocean a solid crust
and a fluid core The fluid core is treated to be non-magnetic to assume that magnetic pressure is much smaller than
the gas pressure there
In addition to fitting to the present observation we researched what light curves can be observed And we also
researched whether we can detect the oscillation due to r-mode if it exist in neutron stars We found that its
detectability is strong enough in present observation accuracy The oscillation have never observed yet But if it is
detected information about neutron stars inner structure will be also derived
Po-46
CMB Bispectrum from the Second-Order Cosmological Perturbations
Daisuke Nitta
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
We calculate the bispectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature anisotropies induced
by the second-order fluctuations in the Boltzmann equation In this poster we consider the terms that are products
of the first-order perturbations and leave intrinsically second-order terms and perturbations in the recombination
history
We show that the bispectrum has the maximum signal in the squeezed triangles similar to the local-type
primordial bispectrum as both types generate non-linearities via products of the first-order terms in position space
However detailed calculations show that their shapes are sufficiently different the cross-correlation coefficient
reaches 05 at the maximum multipole of l_max~ 200 and then weakens to 03 at l_max~ 2000 The
differences in shape arise from (i) the way the acoustic oscillations affect the bispectrum and (ii) the second-order
effects not being scale-invariant This implies that the contamination of the primordial bispectrum due to the
second-order effects (from the products of the first-order terms) is small The expected signal-to-noise ratio of the
products of the first-order terms is ~ 04 at l_max~ 2000 for a full-sky cosmic variance limited experiment
We therefore conclude that the products of the first-order terms may be safely ignored in the analysis of the
future CMB experiments The expected contamination of the local-form f_NL is f^local_NL~ 09 at
l_max~ 200 and f^local_NL~ 05 at l_max~ 2000
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 95
Po-47
General Properties of Non-Radial Pulsations
Aprilia
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
Po-48
A Study on Mathematical Fuzzy Logic
Ahmad Termimi Bin Ab Ghani
Mathematical institute Tohoku University
We study some important properties of mathematical fuzzy logic based on the logical systems BL and BLforall
(basic fuzzy propositional and predicate logic) such as computational complexity of fuzzy propositional calculi We
also discuss arithmetical complexity issues which treat the degrees of undecidability of fuzzy predicate calculi
Finally we investigate some open problems concerning the arithmetical complexity on monadic logic and the
corresponding Σ1-completeness (Π1- completeness)
Reference
[1] Haacutejek P Godo L Esteva F A complete many-valued logic with product conjunction Arch Math Logic 35
(1996) 191-208
[2] Haacutejek P Metamathematics of fuzzy logic Kluwer 1998
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
96 |
[3] Haacutejek P Fuzzy logic and arithmetical hierarchy III Studia logica 68 (2001) 129-142
[4] Haacutejek P Monadic fuzzy predicate logic Studia logica 71 (2002) 165-175
Po-49
Some space-time integrability estimates of the solution for heat
equations in two dimension
Norisuke Ioku Mathematical institute Tohoku University
Po-50
Well-posedness for Navier-Stokes equations in modulation spaces with
negative derivative indices
Tsukasa Iwabuchi
Mathematical institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 97
Po-51
The soul conjecture for Riemannian orbifolds
Naoki Oishi
Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
In 1994 Perelman solved the Cheeger-Gromoll soul conjecture ldquoIf a smooth non-compact complete Riemannian
manifold M of nonnegative curvature has positive curvature at a point then its soul is an one point set
Consequently M is diffeomorphic to a Euclidean spacerdquo But he couldnt generalize the theorem to Alexandrov
spaces We show an analogous result to the theorem for Riemannian orbifolds which belong to Alexandrov spaces
Po-52
A new approach to the existence of harmonic maps
Toshiaki Omori
Mathematical Institute D2 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
98 |
Po-53
Stability of the interface of a Hele-Shaw flow with two injection points
Michiaki Onodera
Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 99
Po-54
THE ISOMORPHISM BETWEEN MOTIVIC COHOMOLOGY AND K-GROUPS FOR EQUI-CHARACTERISTIC REGULAR LOCAL
RINGS
Yuki Kato
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-55
Bifurcations in semilinear elliptic equations on thin domains
Toru Kan
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-56
ON THE CURVATURE OF THE PSEUDO-VOLUME FORM
DEFINING THE CARATH_EODORY MEASURE
HYPERBOLICITY
Shin Kikuta
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
100 |
Po-57
Goumldels Incompleteness Theorem Recursively Axiomatizable Theories
and Medvedev Degrees of Unsolvability
Takayuki Kihara
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 101
Po-58
Hypergeometric series on a p-adic field
Kensaku Kinjo
Mathematical Institute Tohoku Univercity D2
Po-59
On Hasse principle of purely transcendental extension field
in one variable
Makoto Sakagaito
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
The map from the Brauer group of a global field to the product of the Brauer groups of the completions (the
local-global map) is known to be injective This classical result is called the Hasse principle In the case of positive
characteristic global fields are algebraic function fields in one variable over finite fields Related to this classical
result I studied the question of whether the Hasse principle holds in the case where the field is a purely transcendental
extension in one variable of any field Assuming a certain property of the edge map of a certain Leray spectral
sequence I ascertained the result that the local-global map of a purely transcendental extension field restricted to a
certain subgroup is injective In the case where m is a natural number prime to the characteristic of the ground field
the subgroup contains the m-torsion-part of the Brauer group of the purely transcendental extension field In the case
where the ground field is a perfect field the subgroup coincides with the Brauer group of the purely transcendental
extension field
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
102 |
Po-60
Large time behavior of solutions for system
of nonlinear damped wave equations
Hiroshi Takeda Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
We consider the Cauchy problem for a system of semilinear damped wave equations with small initial dataWe
derive the asymptotic profile of the nonlinear system corresponding to the results for the nonlinear single equation
and we obtain the sufficient condition of the growth order on the nonlinear term to ensure the existence of the
solution with the optimal decay Our proof is based on the analysis for the fundamental solutions of the linear
damped wave equation
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 103
Po-61
Non-abelian generalization of Iwasawa theory
Kazuaki Tajima
Mathematical Institute D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
104 |
Po-62
The quadratic subextension of the class field of a real quadratic field
Toshihide Doi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-63
Pattern formation by receptor-based models for regeneration
experiments on Hydra
Madoka Nakayama
Mathematical Institute D2 Tohoku University
Hydra is a small animal living in fresh water which is best known for its ability of regeneration When a hydra is
cut into two pieces two hydras will regenerate There has been several mathematical models proposed to describe
this experiment A classical model proposed by Gierer and Meinhardt in 1972 is based on the idea of diffusion-
driven instability between two chemicals called activator and inhibitor Recently Anna Marciniak proposed new
regeneration models from a more biologically refined viewpoint Her models consist of free and bound receptors
ligands and an enzyme and a head is formed at place of higher bound receptor concentration We discuss stability of
its stationary solutions It turns out that the mechanism producing non-trivial spatial patterns has a similarity with that
of MacWilliams reaction diffusion model
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 105
Po-64
The computational methods of canonical heights on elliptic curve
Tadahisa Nara
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Heights of points is numerical size of the points for certain arithmetic Canonical height is one of heights which
is defined on elliptic curves Studying canonical heights gives us information about structure of Mordell-Weil
groups In general canonical height is defined as a limit and it is not easy to compute it In the poster we introduce
more practical methods for computation by Tate and Silverman which are considered to be suitable for also
uniform estimate For an application of that we consider generators on some families of elliptic curves
Po-65
Spatial branching process in random environment
Nishimori Yasuhito
Mathematical Institute D1 Tohoku University
Po-66
On a periodic decomposition of meromorphic functions
Takanao Negishi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
106 |
Po-67
Difficulties of solving problems
Kojiro Higuchi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 107
Po-68
Undecidability and weak theory of concatenation
Yoshihiro Horihata
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-69
Daviesrsquo Conjecture for Pseudo-Schroumldinger Operators and its
Applications to Penalization Problem
Masakuni Matsuura
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
108 |
Po-70
TORSION POINTS OF ABELIAN VARIETIES WITH VALUES IN
INFINITE EXTENSION FIELDS
Yuken Miyasaka
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 109
Po-71
Maximum principle for a biological model related to the motion of
amoebae
Harunori Monobe Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
110 |
Po-72
Asymptotic behaviour of solutions to the drift-diffusion equation
in the whole spaces
Masakazu Yamamoto
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
We consider the initial value problem for the Nernt-Planck drift-diffusion equation in the whole spaces Our
model is a system of the nonlinear parabolic equation and the Poisson equation The drift-diffusion equation is a
model of the plasma dynamics The solutions of this equation stand for the density of the charges and the electric
potential We study the large-time behavior of the solution to the drift-diffusion equation by deriving the asymptotic
expansion of the solution Especially we discuss the contrast between the odd-dimensional cases and the
even-dimensional cases
Po-73
A study of the idea of systematic knowledge On the relation between
nature and spirit in the organizational view of nature
Fukuko Abe
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In the studies of the humanities and science which have become increasingly technical sophisticated and
interdisciplinary the idea of the assimilation of literature and science attracted growing academic interest in recent
years This idea naturally requires not the aggregate but systematic knowledge accompanied by a philosophy that
addresses the question of what it is that we conceive as knowledge It was the German philosophy as it evolved
during the 18-19th century which based on works on systematic or speculative knowledge attempted to establish
an organizational view of nature becoming known under the notion of natural philosophy Here nature and spirit
which were traditionally conceived as divided notions within the mechanical view on nature were now viewed in a
new light as something unified through life Although modern natural philosophy contains a large number of
difficult questions with regard to its present-day validity this study investigates based on the currents of the
organizational view on nature in contemporary philosophy the relation between nature and spirit in this particular
theoretical notion as well as the systematic knowledge itself which attempts to apprehend such an organizational
whole
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 111
Po-74
Medical technology and surrogate decision-making
Haruka Hikasa
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Consensus-building in science technology generally presumes the autonomous individual With regard to
medical technology it is bioethics which emphasizes the principle of respecting the autonomy of the individual Yet
in the case of some patients only insufficient autonomy is granted or may even be absent Consider for example
newborns suffering a serious illness or patients who are in a persistent vegetative state caused by brain death or
who suffer from dementia or mental illness Thus it appears reasonable to engage in an argumentation in order to
seek specific criteria for surrogate decision-making with regard to such incompetent patients
If a patient is not competent allowing this person to choose or to refuse treatment who should be allowed in what
fashion to make a decision in the interest of this patient In conventional bioethics standards for surrogate
decision-making are often distinguished into substituted judgment (pure autonomy) and decisions judged from what
is conceived to be in the best interest of the patient
It appears to me however that these standards involve ethical problems such as the validity of the precedent
autonomy and evaluation of the potential burden of benefits for the patient In this presentation I wish to discuss
the framework of standards for surrogate decision-making in order to make decisions on behalf of individuals
incompetent to seek decisions on their own
Po-75
Humersquos empiricism and the experimental method of reasoning
Hiromichi Sugawara
Philosophy D1 Tohoku University
David Hume was a Scottish philosopher and historian who lived in the 18th
century Humersquos work is usually
classified as the most significant work in the tradition of empiricism Empiricism is generally defined as the view
according to which knowledge and understanding derives from experience (via the senses) The methodology of
Humersquos inquiry is explicitly described in the subtitle of his famous first work A Treatise of Human Nature Being
an Attempt to Introduce the Experimental Method of Reasoning into Moral Subjects It is said that Humersquos method
of reasoning was influenced by the scientific method applied by Newton articulated in his Philosophiae Naturalis
Principia Mathematica However the influence of Newtonrsquos thought on Hume is not necessarily definite Therefore
it seems to me that Humersquos empiricism remains open to various interpretations Therefore in this presentation I
wish to demonstrate the experimental method of reasoning influenced by Newton and the empirical attitude
initially attempted by Hume
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
112 |
Po-76
Epistemic deference and transmission of knowledge
How should we (non-scientists) acquire warranted beliefs about
scientific propositions
Mariko Nihei
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Suppose I have heard that a quark is a fundamental particle from an expert in particle physics and I believe it is
true even though I do not have direct evidence or a clear notion concerning what a quark is or what counts as a
fundamental particle Then how do I know that a quark is a fundamental particle For non-scientists most of
scientific knowledge would fit this situation But at the same time it is difficult to acquire all relevant evidence
concerning particular situations by ourselves because we do not go through extensive specialized training
Moreover there is too much ldquoscientific knowledgerdquo in the world while at the same time our intellect remains too
limited Thus in this presentation drawing on recent arguments about ldquoepistemic deferencerdquo and transmission of
knowledge between non-scientists and scientists (here esp Hardwig 19851988 Brewer 19982006) I attempt to
demonstrate a possible epistemological scheme for how and when we as non-scientists acquire warranted beliefs
about technical or scientific propositions without possessing evidence for such beliefs by our own ability The
conceptual scheme which I will provide here will be useful for the practice of facilitating scientific communication
Po-77
The Finiteness of Human Beings and the Role of Technology
Ryozo Suzuki
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Human beings lead a life in uneasiness and search for something reliable Where does this feeling derive from
What does ldquoreliablerdquo refer to
In the first place organisms fight and eat each other ldquoLiferdquo (in German Leben) produces the tissues of itself and
survives after these die Human beings live in the same fashion We fight for survival kill other lives and produce
children who live over the death of their parents Parents seek the ldquodurabilityrdquo or ldquochangelessnessrdquo of themselves in
their children Hegel points out that this intuition (in German Anschauung) maintains the elementary reliability and
easiness of everyday life Therefore it seems that in here we find the reason why our deepest interest in science
technology at present concentrates on reproductive technologies
According to thinkers such as Hegel or Gehlen technology guards us against excessive emotions which derive
from ldquoliferdquo The process of life gives birth to us Yet life for itself is relevant to the existence of ldquoIrdquo as an individual
Therefore we as individuals possess a fear of death which characterizes life as a notion of ambiguity It is this
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 113
nature which generates a fundamental uneasiness in us From the point of practical significance technology
encompasses a deep relation with the hope for durability (ldquoeternityrdquo) against lifersquos changeability or ambiguity We
tend to favor artificial things which are stable and continue to exist longer than we do (in this sense Gehlen has
pointed out the reason for why human beings come to depend on petrochemistry) Therefore we may say that we
are more fetishistic than ever
Po-78
What is ethically problematic in Biogenetics
Takuma Obara
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In this presentation I will consider some of the ethical problems in biogenetics that we are confronted with
today
With the scientific breakthroughs achieved in biogenetics it will be possible to manipulate the genome Once
we obtain knowledge then there is no return to innocent ignorance If we know how to improve ourselves why
should we abstain from doing so Frankly speaking there are no reasons why we should do so Yet the point here
is that an attempt to achieve onersquos goal with the help of such technology would result in the contrary We are severe
on the difference between what belongs to a person and what does not while we highly value the former Therefore
external manipulations result in failure to gain estimation from other people
We also estimate onersquos efforts to achieve such goal even if those efforts have not been marked by success On
the contrary if one strengthens his common abilities with external manipulations such as drugs we despise such
person However if one reinforces his effort what should we do It is apparent that this person applies external
manipulations while undergoing severe experiences In other words are we able to draw a line of division between
the internal and the external within an individual Moreover should we evaluate a talent belonging to a person
without any conditionality These this presentation wishes to argue describe the actual problems which we should
consider and develop answers to once biogenetic manipulations are realized
Po-79
The ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude
Tetsurou Yamashita
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
If we conceive scientific activities radically that is in terms of the ontological structure of the human being we
may understand that science is not the primary way of our being but a modification of practical activities in
everydayness Through the ontological change from the practical attitude in which we are concerned with beings
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
114 |
(entities) in a specific context we can shift to a theoretical attitude which enables us to thematize beings clearly
from a free (independent) viewpoint The theoretical attitude is a condition for the possibility of the discovery of
beings Yet its discovery confines itself to a limited discovery for the theoretical attitude articulates various ways
of being folded wholly into the practical attitude in everydayness as the foundation for the discovery therefore it
thematizes beings from a voluntary but single viewpoint (way of being) Based on these circumstances in this
presentation I will sketch the process of the ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude while considering the
ontological significance and limits of this theoretical attitude In doing so this presentation will draw heavily on
Martin Heideggerrsquos ontological insights regarding the human being
Po-80
Risk uncertainty and the precautionary principle
How to deal with scientific uncertainty
Yasuhiko Fujio
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In the age of industrialized societies we are exposed to many risks deriving from the development of science
and technology Therefore we are in need of a risk analysis and management in order to coexist with these
numerous risks Many of these approaches addressing such risks are based on the theory of probability or statistics
yet these approaches are not always helpful
We cannot obtain full knowledge of the events occurring in the future thus we must base our risk analysis and
management on probabilistic or statistical approaches and assess the occurrence of events probabilistically or
statistically However there are some realms of science in which we cannot use such approaches because of a lack
of sufficient scientific knowledge with regard to complex phenomena like global warming Notwithstanding we
must make decisions despite such scientific uncertainty caused by insufficient knowledge of events which might
bring about crucial risks
In order to cope with such uncertainty and evade catastrophic disasters we might have to introduce a
ldquoprecautionary principlerdquo which requires that we should adopt approaches such as regulating or banning the use of
chemical substances or technology to protect the human health and the environment despite the lack of sufficient
scientific certainty
In this presentation I wish to examine the notion of scientific uncertainty with regard to complicated events
and the precautionary principle as a reasonable principle for decision making confronted with such uncertainty
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 115
Po-81
The mechanism of suppressed dynamical friction in a constant density
core of dwarf galaxies
Shigeki Inoue
Astronomy D2 Tohoku University
The dynamical friction problem is a long-standing dilemma In dwarf galaxy dynamical friction is too effective for their
globular clusters (hereafter GCs) to keep their orbital motion Nonetheless these GCs do exist even in current dwarfs However
if dwarf galaxies have a cored dark matter halo which has a constant density region in its center the dynamical friction is
significantly weakened (suppressed dynamical friction) But the mechanism of the suppressed dynamical friction has not been
clarified yet By means of N-body simulation I discuss the mechanism of the suppressed dynamical friction
Memo
Tohoku University Aobayama Campus
Aobayama Cumpus
Graduate School Faculty of Science
6-3 Aoba Aramaki Aoba-ku SENDAI 980-8578
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 5
Yasuhiro Sakemi Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center ProfessorNuclear Experiment
Taka-hisa Arima Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials
ProfessorCorrelated-electron Solid State Physics
Kazuyoshi Yamada WPI and Department Physics ProfessorCondensed Spin Matter Physics
Takashi Takahashi WPI and Department Physics ProfessorPhotoemission Solid-State Physics
Katsumi Tanigaki WPI and Department Physics ProfessorSolid State Physics on Nano-Network
Solids
Hideo Kozono Graduate School of Science ProfessorMathematical Physics
Motoko Kotani Graduate School of Science ProfessorDifferential Geometry
Reiko Miyaoka Graduate School of Science ProfessorDifferential Geometry
Eiji Yanagida Graduate School of Science ProfessorNonlinear Analysis
Takashi Shioya Graduate School of Science ProfessorRiemannian Geometry
Takayoshi Ogawa Graduate School of Science ProfessorPartial Differential Equations
Toshifumi Futamase Graduate School of Science ProfessorCosmology and General Relativity
Takashi Ichikawa Graduate School of Science ProfessorExtragalactic Astronomy
Toru Yamada Graduate School of Science ProfessorExtragalactic Astronomy
Makoto Hattori Graduate School of Science Associate ProfessorObservational Cosmology
Keiichi Noe Graduate School of Arts and Letters ProfessorScience Philosophy
Kiyotaka Naoe Graduate School of Arts and Letters Associate ProfessorEthics of Science and
Technology
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
6 |
Symposium location
Aobayama Campus of Faculty of Science Tohoku University
Registration Main Lecture Hall (Feb18-19 830-1300)
Plenary Session Main Lecture Hall (Feb18-19 900-1230)
Special Session Lecture Room 203 2F ldquoSogotohrdquo Building (Feb
1600-1710)
Parallel Collaborative Research Sessions Lecture Rooms 203
204 and 205 2F ldquoSogotohrdquo Building (Feb18-19
1350-1820)
Poster Session Entrance Hall (1F2F) of ldquoSogotohrdquo Building (Feb
18 1710-1830)
Banquet Cafeteria (Feb 19 1820-2020)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 7
Scientific program
Invited speakers
Plenary session
Dr Indranil Mazumdar (Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research India)
Prof Philippe Marcq (Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie Curie Institut Curie France)
Prof Young-Woo Son (Condensed Matter Physics Korea Institute for Advanced Study Korea)
Prof Jenann Ismael (Philosophy University of Arizona USA and University of Sydney Australia)
Prof Ryushi Goto (Mathematics Osaka University Japan)
DrJean Coupon (Astrophysics Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France)
Special session
Prof Jie Meng (Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
Prof Huaizhe Xu (Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University China)
Parallel session
Assistant Prof Hojun Im (Condensed Matter Physics Hirosaki University)
MS Masahiro Futaki (Mathematics The University of Tokyo)
Dr Masahiko Igashira (Philosophy Osaka University)
httpwwwsciencewebtohokuacjpspecialgcoeis2010
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
8 |
Time Table
February 18 Thursday February 19 Friday
900
~
930
ldquoOpeningrdquo Kunio INOUE (Project Leader)
Plenary Session Main Lecture Hall
930
~
1020
Indranil MAZUMDAR
(Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental
Research India)
930
~
1020
Jenann ISMAEL
(Philosophy Univ of Arisona USA and Univ of
Sydney Australia)
1030
~
1120
Philippe MARCQ
(Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie
Curie Institut Curie France)
1030
~
1120
Ryushi GOTO
(Mathematics Osaka University Japan)
1130
~
1220
Young-Woo SON
(Condensed Matter Physics KIAS Korea) 1130
~
1220
Jean COUPON
(Astrophysics Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris
France)
1230
~
1350
Lunch
1230
~
1350
Lunch
Parallel Session Lecture rooms 203 204 and 205
Room 205 204 203 Room 205 204 203
1350
~
1420
Masaki
Asano
(Particle
Theory)
Yoshihiro
Ueda
(Mathematics)
Jinsung Park
(Condensed
Matter
Physics )
1350
~
1420
Yoshiyuki
Onuki
(Particle
Experiment)
Masahiro
Futaki
(Mathematics
University of
Tokyo)
Ken-Ichiro
Imura
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
1430
~
1500
Kazunori
Kohri
(Particle
Theory)
Yuichi
Nohara
(Mathematics)
Tatsuro
Yuge
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
1430
~
1500
Takeshi Koike
(Nuclear
Experiment)
Tatsuki
Kawakami
(Mathematics)
Katsuhiko
Sato
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
1510
~
1540
Masafumi
Kurachi
(Particle
Theory)
Shota Sato
(Mathematics)
Hidekatsu
Nemura
(Nuclear
Theory)
1510
~
1540
Masatoshi
Itoh
(Nuclear
Experiment)
Masahiko
Igashira
(Philosophy
Osaka
University)
Hojun Im
(Condensed
Matter
Physics
Hirosaki
Univiersity)
1540
~
1600
Coffee Break
1540
~
1610
Coffee Break
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 9
Special Session Room 203
1610
~
1640
Yousuke Itoh
(Astronomy)
Masaru
Yonehara
(Philosophy)
Seigo Souma
(Condensed
Matter
Physics) 1600
~
1630
Jie Meng
(Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
1635
~
1705
Huaizhe Xu
(Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University
China)
1650
~
1720
Tomohiro
Yoshikawa
(Astronomy)
Shun Sato
(Philosophy)
Ryo Nouchi
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
Poster Session Entrance hall Collaborative Research Session
1710
~
1830
Research Assistants present their research
(Posters will be exhibited until 1330 of
February 19 Fri)
1730
~
1800
Takatsugu
Ishikawa
(Physics)
Katsuhiko
Sato
(Physics)
Yousuke
Itoh
(Astronomy)
Yuri Shimizu
(Physics)
Keita
Yokoyama
(Mathematics)
Yosuke
Takubo
(Physics)
Sumio
Yamada
(Mathematics)
1820
~
2000
Banquet
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
10 |
SpeakersTitles
February 18 Thursday
0930 - Kunio INOUE (GCOE program leader) ndash ldquoOpening addressrdquo (Main Lecture Hall)
Plenary Session
Chairmen H Tamura T Kawakatsu Y Hirayama Main Lecture Hall
0930 -1020 Indranil MAZUMDAR (Chairman H Tamura)
(Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research India)
ldquoHalo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fanordquo
1030 ndash 1120 Philippe MARCQ (Chairman T Kawakatsu)
(Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie Curie Institut Curie France)
ldquoMechanics of Stress Fibersrdquo
1130 ndash 1220 Young-Woo SON (Chairman Y Hirayama)
(Condensed Matter Physics KIAS Korea)
ldquoRelativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters ndash Graphene and othersrdquo
1230 ndash 1350 Lunch
Parallel Session A - Particle Nuclear Astro-physics Group
Chairman K Hikasa Room205
1350 ndash 1420 Masaki ASANO (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoGeneral WIMP search at International Linear Colliderrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Kazunori KOHRI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoPrimordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmologyrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masafumi KURACHI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoHiggsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breakingrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Parallel Session B ndash Condensed Matter Physics Group Nuclear Physics
Chairman R Saito Room203
1350 ndash 1420 Jinsung PARK (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University )
ldquoExciton effect of Raman resonance window of single wall carbon nanotubesrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Tatsuro YUGE (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoProperties of response function of nonequilibrium steady staterdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Hidekatsu NEMURA (Nuclear Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoHyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCDrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Parallel Session C ndash Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Chairman H Kozono Room204
1350 ndash 1420 Yoshihiro UEDA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoApplication of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem for damped wave equation
with non-convexityrdquo
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 11
1430 ndash 1500 Yuichi NOHARA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoToric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systemsrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Shota SATO (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoSingular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of a Semilinear Parabolic Equationrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Special Session
Chairman O Hashimoto Room203
1600 ndash 1630 Jie Meng
(Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
ldquoCovariant density functional theory for Nuclear structure and application in astrophysicsrdquo
1635 ndash 1705 Huaizhe Xu (Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University China)
ldquoControl of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism in ZnO based
DMSrdquo
Poster Session
Entrance hall of ldquoSogotohrdquo
1710 ndash 1830 80 Research assistants present their research
February 19 Friday
Plenary Session
Chairmen K Naoe R Miyaoka T Futamase Main Lecture Hall
0930 -1020 Jenann ISMAEL (Philosophy University of Arizona USA and University of Sydney
Australia) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoA Fresh Direction for Quantum Research What Might Entanglement Be Telling Usrdquo
1030 ndash 1120 Ryushi GOTO (Mathematics Osaka University Japan) (Chairman R Miyaoka)
ldquoCalabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structuresrdquo
1130 ndash 1220 Jean COUPON (Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France)
(Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoProbing the large scale structure in the Universe with CFHTLSrdquo
1230 ndash 1350 Lunch
Parallel Session A ndash Particle Nuclear Astro-physics Group
Chairmen H Tamura T Futamase Room205
1350 ndash 1420 Yoshiyuki ONUKI (Particle Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoMeasurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle angle phi3 at Belle experimentrdquo
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
12 |
1430 ndash 1500 Takeshi KOIKE (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoHypernuclear γ-ray spectroscopy at J-PARCrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masatoshi ITOH (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoSearch for the alpha cluster condensed state in 16
0rdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University) (Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoA dipole anisotropy of galaxy distribution Does the CMB rest frame exist in the local universerdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Tomohiro YOSHIKAWA (Astronomy Tohoku University) (Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoMOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies at the Star-Forming Epoch of the Universerdquo
Parallel Session B ndash Condensed Matter Physics Group
Chairmen Y Kuramoto T Takahashi Room203
1350 ndash 1420 Ken-Ichiro IMURA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoFrom graphene to Z2 topological insulatorrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Katsuhiko SATO (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoShear-induced phase separation of complex fluidsrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Hojun IM (Condensed Matter Physics Hirosaki University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoCe 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum critical point
a resonant angle-resolved photoemission studyrdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Seigo SOUMA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Takahashi)
ldquoSpin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of Rashba effect on semi-metal surfacerdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Ryo NOUCHI (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Takahashi)
ldquoMetal-contact effect on graphenerdquo
Parallel Session C ndash Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Chairmen T Shioya K Naoe Room204
1350 ndash 1420 Masahiro FUTAKI (Mathematics The University of Tokyo) (Chairman T Shioya)
ldquoAround Homological Mirror Symmetryrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Tatsuki KAWAKAMI (Mathematics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Shioya)
ldquoOn the heat equation in a half space with a nonlinear boundary conditionrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masahiko IGASHIRA (Philosophy Osaka University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoAn Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mindrdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Masaru YONEHARA (Philosophy Tohoku University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoUtilitarianism and Rawlsrdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Shun SATO (Philosophy Tohoku University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoHusserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience in Transcendental Phenomenologyrdquo
Collaborative Research Session A
Chairman K Inoue Room205
1730 ndash 1740 Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoResearch Center for Electron Photon Science (Laboratory of Nuclear Science) Development of an
electro-magnetic calorimter made up of ceramic PrLuAG scintillatorrdquo
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 13
1740 ndash 1750 Yuri SHIMIZU (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoStudy of geo neutrinos with KamLANDrdquo
1750 ndash 1800 Sumio YAMADA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoGeometric Analysis on Einstein Equationrdquo
Collaborative Research Session B
Chairman H Yamamoto Room203
1730 ndash 1740 Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
ldquoStudy of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed matter in gravitational wave
astronomyrdquo
1745 ndash 1755 Yosuke TAKUBO (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoDevelopment of Readout Board for FPCCD Detectorrdquo
Collaborative Research Session C
Chairman T Ogawa Room204
1730 ndash 1840 Katsuhiko SATO (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoTheoretical formulation of morphology dynamics of membranes based on a combination of
mathematical models and differential geometryrdquo
1745 ndash 1755 Keita YOKOYAMA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoThe search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics from the logical and
philosophical point of viewrdquo
1820 ndash 2000 Banquet
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
14 |
Talks
Plenary Session
Talk-1 ldquoHalo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fanordquo
Indranil MAZUMDAR (Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research India)
Talk-2 ldquoMechanics of Stress Fibersrdquo
Philippe MARCQ (Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie Curie Institut Curie France)
Talk-3 ldquoRelativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters ndash Graphene and othersrdquo
Young-Woo SON (Physics KIAS Korea)
Talk-4 ldquoA Fresh Direction for Quantum Research What Might Entanglement Be Telling Usrdquo
Jenann ISMAEL (Philosophy University of Arizona USA and University of Sydney Australia)
Talk-5 ldquoCalabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structuresrdquo
Ryushi GOTO (Mathematics Osaka University Japan)
Talk-6 ldquoProbing the large scale structure in the Universe with CFHTLSrdquo
Jean COUPON (Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France)
Special Session
Talk-7 ldquoCovariant density functional theory for Nuclear structure and application in astrophysicsrdquo
Jie Meng (Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
Talk-8 ldquoControl of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism in ZnO based DMS rdquo
Huaizhe Xu (Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University China)
Parallel Session A ndash ParticleNuclearAstoro- Physics Group
Talk-9 ldquoGeneral WIMP search at International Linear Colliderrdquo
Masaki ASANO (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-10 ldquoPrimordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmologyrdquo
Kazunori KOHRI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 15
Talk-11 ldquoHiggsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breakingrdquo
Masafumi KURACHI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-12 ldquoMeasurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle angle phi3 at Belle
experimentrdquo
Yoshiyuki ONUKI (Particle Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-13 ldquoHypernuclear γ-ray spectroscopy at J-PARCrdquo
Takeshi KOIKE (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-14 ldquoSearch for the alpha cluster condensed state in 16
0rdquo
Masatoshi ITOH (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-15 ldquoA dipole anisotropy of galaxy distribution Does the CMB rest frame exist in the local
universerdquo
Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Talk-16 ldquoMOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies at the Star-Forming Epoch
of the Universerdquo
Tomohiro YOSHIKAWA (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Parallel Session B - Condensed Matter Group Nuclear Physics
Talk-17 ldquo Exciton effect of Raman resonance window of single wall carbon nanotubesrdquo
Jinsung PARK (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-18 ldquoProperties of response function of nonequilibrium steady staterdquo
Tatsuro YUGE (Condensed Matter Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-19 ldquoHyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCDrdquo
Hidekatsu NEMURA (Nuclear Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-20 ldquo From graphene to Z2 topological insulatorrdquo
Ken-Ichiro IMURA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-21 ldquoShear-induced phase separation of complex fluidsrdquo
Katsuhiko SATO (Condensed Matter Theory Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
16 |
Talk-22 ldquoCe 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum critical point
a resonant angle-resolved photoemission studyrdquo
Hojun IM (Condensed Matter Physics Hirosaki University)
Talk-23 ldquoSpin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of Rashba effect on semi-metal surfacerdquo
Seigo SOUMA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-24 ldquoMetal-contact effect on graphenerdquo
Ryo NOUCHI (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Parallel Session C - Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Talk-25 ldquoApplication of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem for damped wave
equation with non-convexityrdquo
Yoshihiro UEDA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-26 ldquoToric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systemsrdquo
Yuichi NOHARA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-27 ldquoSingular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of a Semilinear Parabolic Equationrdquo
Shota SATO (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-28 ldquoAround Homological Mirror Symmetryrdquo
Masahiro FUTAKI (Mathematics the University of Tokyo)
Talk-29 ldquoOn the heat equation in a half space with a nonlinear boundary conditionrdquo
Tatsuki KAWAKAMI (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-30 ldquoAn Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mindrdquo
Masahiko IGASHIRA (Frontier Biosciences Osaka University)
Talk-31 ldquoUtilitarianism and Rawlsrdquo
Masaru YONEHARA (Philosophy Tohoku University)
Talk-32 ldquoHusserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience in Transcendental
Phenomenologyrdquo
Shun SATO (Philosophy Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 17
Parallel Session ndash Collaborative Research
Talk-33 ldquoDevelopment of an electro-magnetic calorimter made up of ceramic PrLuAG scintillatorrdquo
Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-34 ldquoStudy of geo neutrinos with KamLANDrdquo
Yuri SHIMIZU (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-35 ldquoGeometric Analysis on Einstein Equationrdquo
Sumio YAMADA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-36 ldquoStudy of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed matter in gravitational
wave astronomyrdquo
Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Talk-37 ldquoDevelopment of Readout Board for FPCCD Detectorrdquo
Yosuke TAKUBO (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-38 ldquoTheoretical formulation of morphology dynamics of membranes based on a combination of
mathematical models and differential geometryrdquo
Katsuhiko SATO (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-39 ldquoThe search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics from the logical and
philosophical point of viewrdquo
Keita YOKOYAMA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
18 |
Poster presentations PO no Title Name
1 Coherent control of excited states by multipulse photo excitation
Kenta Abe (Physics D2 Tohoku Univ)
2 de Haas ndashvan Alphen effect studies in the Antiferro-Quadrupolar ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3
Toshiyuki Isshiki (Physics D3 Tohoku Univ)
3 Measurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum in the Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHC
Takumi Ito (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
4 In situ NMR imaging of lithium- ion batteries during chargedischarge cycle
Yoshiki Iwai (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
5 Crack propagation in largely deformed rubber sheet
Daiki Endo (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
6 Optical response of photonic crystal with multi-layered structure
Rihei Endo (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
7 Pseudo-spin Kondo effect in a capacitively-coupled parallel double quantum dot
Yuma OKAZAKI (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
8 Spin and charge dynamics in a photo-excited double exchange system
Yu Kanamori (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
9 Observation of 8B Solar Neutrinos with KamLAND
Yoshiaki Kibe (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
10 z~3 LYMAN BREAK GALAXY CLUSTER SURVEY IN SSA22 WITH VIMOS
Katsuki Kousai (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
11 EELS and SXES studies of electronic structures of Al-TM alloys
Shogo Koshiya (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
12 Comparison of membrane physical property changes between DMPC membrane and DMPE membrane induced by melittin
Atsuji Kodama (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
13 Resonant x-ray scattering experiment on Pr(Ru1-xRhx)4P12
Kotaro Saito (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
14 Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
15 Pressure dependence of B-T phase diagram in heavy-fermion superconductor CeRhSi3
Tetsuya Sugawara (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
16 Neutral meson photoproduction with electromagnetic calorimeter complex FOREST
Koutaku Suzuki (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
17 Micro-photoluminescence around spin phase transition of ν=23 fractional quantum Hall regime
Jun-ichiro Hayakawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 19
18 Ionic conductivity of Trehalose-Water-Lithium iodide mixture in glass and supercooled liquid state
Reiji Takekawa (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
19 Progress of the new DAQ system for wide-band solar neutrino observation with KamLAND
Takemoto Yasuhiro (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
20 Double Chooz PMT preparation
TABATA Hiroshi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
21 Effects of lanthanoid ion on phosphate head groups in DMPC membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures
Kouya Tamatsukuri (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
22 Status of double beta decay experiment with KamLAND
Azusa Terashima (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
23 Simulations on Dynamics of Wormlike Micellar System Using Particle-Field Hybrid Models
Masatoshi Toda (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
24 Magneto-dielectric phenomena in charge ordered system with frustrated geometrical lattice
Makoto Naka (PhysicsD2 Tohoku University)
25 Pi-mesonic decays of Λ hypernuclei
Yoji Nakagawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
26 Axionic Mirage Mediation
Shuntaro Nakamura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
27 The Study of the Origin of Lyman alpha Emitters with Large Equivalent Widths
Yuki Nakamura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
28 Ultrafast broadband THz response of photo-induced metallic state in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF )2I3
Hideki Nakaya (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
29 Ring-Exchange interaction in Orbital Degenerate System
Joji Nasu (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
30 Shape Memory Effect Induced by Magnetic-Field Rotation in MnV2O4 Spinel Compound
Yoichi Nii (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
31 The ω meson photoproduction on the nucleon in the threshold region
Ryo HASHIMOTO (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
32 Prototype fast imaging detector for YN-scattering
Ryotaro Honda (Physics M1Tohoku University)
33 Ground state phase diagram of graphene in a high Landau level A density matrix renormalization group study
Tatsuya Higashi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
34 Investigation of the n (K0) reaction near the threshold
KFutatsukawa (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
35 Traffic flow of two lanes with a bottleneck
Sho Furuhashi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
20 |
36 Staggered Order with Kondo and Crystalline Field Singlets in f2 System
Shintaro Hoshino (Physics D1Tohoku University)
37 Proton elastic scattering of 9C at 290 MeV
Yohei Matsuda (Physics Assistant professor Tohoku University)
38 High Resolution and High Statistics Λ Hypernuclear Spectroscopy by the (eersquoK+) Reaction
Akihiko Matsumura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
39 External Gamma-ray Backgrounds of the KamLAND Detector
Yukie Minekawa (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
40 Higgs Triplet Model
Yusuke Motoki (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
41 Electron diffraction study of the low temperature phase of Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16
Daisuke Morikawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
42 Light scattering by collective excitation of phonon in quantum paraelectrics
Ryuta Takano (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
43 Formation of the Milky Way Based on the Analysis of Kinematics and Chemical Abundance of the Outer Halo Stars
Miho Ishigaki (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
44 Searching for Luminous Core-Collapsed Supernovae in a High-z Proto-Cluster
Nana Morimoto (Astronomy D1 Tohoku University)
45 A Study of Light Curves from Rapidly Rotating Neutron Stars
Kazutoshi Numata (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
46 CMB Bispectrum from the Second-Order Cosmological Perturbations
Daisuke Nitta (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
47 General Properties of Non-Radial Pulsations
Aprilia (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
48 A Study on Mathematical Fuzzy Logic
Ahmad Termimi Bin Ab Ghani (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
49 Some space-time integrability estimates of the solution for heat equations in two dimension
Norisuke Ioku ( Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
50 Well-posedness for Navier-Stokes equations in modulation spaces with negative derivative indices
Tsukasa Iwabuchi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
51 The soul conjecture for Riemannian orbifolds
Naoki Oishi ( Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
52 A new approach to the existence of harmonic maps
Toshiaki Omori (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
53 Stability of the interface of a Hele-Shaw flow with two injection points
Michiaki Onodera (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 21
54 THE ISOMORPHISM BETWEEN MOTIVIC COHOMOLOGY ANDK-GROUPS FOR
EQUI-CHARACTERISTIC REGULAR LOCAL RINGS
Yuki Kato (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
55 Bifurcations in semilinear elliptic equations on thin domains
Toru Kan (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
56 ON THE CURVATURE OF THE PSEUDO-VOLUME FORM DEFINING THE CARATH_EODORY
MEASURE HYPERBOLICITY
Shin Kikuta (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
57 Goumldels Incompleteness Theorem Recursively Axiomatizable Theories and Medvedev Degrees of Unsolvability
Takayuki Kihara (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
58 Hypergeometric series on a p-adic field
Kensaku Kinjo (Mathematics D2 Tohoku Univercity)
59 On Hasse principle of purely transcendental extension field in one variable
Makoto Sakagaito (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
60 Large time behavior of solutions for system of nonlinear damped wave equations
Hiroshi Takeda (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
61 Non-abelian generalization of Iwasawa theory
Kazuaki Tajima (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
62 The quadratic subextension of the class field of a real quadratic field
Toshihide Doi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
63 Pattern formation by receptor-based models for regeneration experiments on Hydra
Madoka Nakayama (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
64 The computational methods of canonical heights on elliptic curve
Tadahisa Nara (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
65 Spatial branching process in random environment
Nishimori Yasuhito (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
66 On a periodic decomposition of meromorphic functions
Takanao Negishi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
67 Difficulties of solving problems
Kojiro Higuchi (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
68 Undecidability and weak theory of concatenation
Yoshihiro Horihata (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
69 Daviesrsquo Conjecture for Pseudo-Schroumldinger Operators and its Applications to Penalization Problem
Masakuni Matsuura (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
70 TORSION POINTS OF ABELIAN VARIETIES WITH VALUES IN INFINITE EXTENSION FIELDS
Yuken Miyasaka (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
71 Maximum principle for a biological model related to the motion of amoebae
Harunori Monobe (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
22 |
72 Asymptotic behavior of solutions to the drift-diffusion equation in the whole spaces
Masakazu Yamamoto (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
73 A study of the idea of systematic knowledge
On the relation between nature and spirit in the organizational view of nature
Fukuko Abe (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
74 Medical technology and surrogate decision-making
Haruka Hikasa (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
75 Humersquos empiricism and the experimental method of reasoning
Hiromichi Sugawara (Philosophy D1 Tohoku University)
76 Epistemic deference and transmission of knowledge
How should we (non-scientists) acquire warranted beliefs about scientific propositions
Mariko Nihei (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
77 The Finiteness of Human Beings and the Role of Technology
Ryozo Suzuki (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
78 What is ethically problematic in Biogenetics
Takuma Obara (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
79 The ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude
Tetsurou Yamashita (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
80 Risk uncertainty and the precautionary principle How to deal with scientific uncertainty
Yasuhiko Fujio (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
81 The mechanism of suppressed dynamical friction in a constant density core of dwarf galaxies
Shigeki Inoue (Astronomy D2 Tohoku University)
82
83
84
85
86
87
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 23
Abstracts of Talks
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
24 |
Plenary Session
Talk-1
Halo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fano
Indranil Mazumdar
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai 400 005 India
Abstract
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 25
Talk-02
Mechanics of stress fibers
Abstract
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
26 |
Talk-03
Relativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters - Graphene
and others
Young-Woo Son
Korea Institute for Advanced Study
Abstract
Over the last thirty years researchers from various disciplines have interested in the physical properties of
carbon allotropes Half a decade ago a new carbon crystal called graphene was isolated Graphene a hexagonal
lattice of carbon atoms in the two-dimension is a condensed matter realization of the relativistic two-dimensional
Dirac equation After the successful isolations graphene has shown a cornucopia of interesting new physical
phenomena with an exponentially increasing literature The subtle interplays between electronic magnetic optical
geometrical and chemical properties in graphene have offered knotty riddles in various experiments as well as
various theoretical predictions to be verified Beyond its pure scientific thrusts there have been interests in radical
alternatives made of graphene to the conventional electronic devices In this talk I will discuss my recent works as
well as recent progress made in this exciting and fast moving field
Talk-04
Fresh Directions for Quantum Research
What Might Entanglement Be Telling Us
Jenann Ismael
University of Arizona University of Sydney
Abstract
Following a suggestion of David Bohmrsquos I will explore the possibility that phenomena associated with
entanglement and complementarity in quantum mechanics intimate a fundamentally non-spatiotemporal ordering to
reality
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 27
Talk-05
Calabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structures
Ryushi Goto
Osaka University
Abstract
The problem of constructing complete Ricci-flat Einstein manifolds is important for both Physicists and
geometers When the manifolds are compact and Kahler the problem is completely answered by Calabi and Yau
While it is mysterious and difficult for non-compact Kahler manifolds In this talk I will discuss a construction of
Ricci-flat metrics on a class of non-compact Kahler manifolds whose boundary are the cone of the Einstein-Sasaki
manifolds Einstein-Sasaki manifolds are the odd dimensional Einstein manifolds and recently new examples of
irregulat Einstein-Sasaki manifolds are discovered I will show that all resolution of the cone of Einstein-Sasaki
manifolds admit complete Ricci-flat Kahler metrics in every Kahler class by solving the Monge-Ampere equation
Many examples of Ricci-flat Kahler metrics arise as the resolution of the cone
Talk-06
Probing the Large Scale Structure in the Universe with the CFHTLS
Jean Coupon
Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France Tohoku University
Abstract
This talk focuses on the present and ongoing results of the Canada-France-Hawaii Legacy Survey (CFHTLS)
Recent progresses in observational cosmology have put tight constraints on the Standard Cosmological Model but
Dark Matter and Dark Energy remain the main unsolved questions By measuring the matter power spectrum in the
Universe one is able to study the properties and evolution of the Dark content I will present two complementary
methods among the most powerful ones to explore the large scale structure in the Universe First is the probe of the
total amount of matter through weak gravitational lensing (cosmic shear) and second is the study of galaxy
clustering in the framework of the Dark Matter halo model In addition considering that photometric redshifts are
solely capable to be measured for millions of galaxies I will demonstrate why they are essential to modern
cosmology and how to estimate precise values I will explain why the CFHTLS is best suited for these kinds of
analysis and I will show the most recent results Although cosmic shear probes are a very promising tool I will
explain why it is also challenging In particular I will emphasize some of the problems faced by observers
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
28 |
Special Session
Talk-07
COVARIANT DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY FOR NUCLEAR
STRUCTURE AND APPLICATION IN ASTROPHYSICS
J Meng
School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering Beihang University
Beijing 100191 China
The covariant density functional theory (DFT) with a minimal number of parameters allows a very successful
phenomenological description of ground state properties of nuclei all over the periodic table Recent progresses on
the application of the covariant density functional theory as well as its extensions by the group in Beijing for a
series of interests and hot topics in nuclear astrophysics and nuclear structure are reviewed including the rapid
neutron-capture process ThU chronometer halo and giant halo in density dependent relativistic
Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov and neutron halo in deformed nuclei
Talk-08
Control of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism
in ZnO based DMS
Huaizhe Xu
Department of Physics Beihang University Beijing 100191 P R China
Diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) have attracted growing interest because of their rich physics and
potential for new device applications in the field of spintronics However a basic requirement for practical
applications of ferromagnetic DMS is the achievement of Curie temperatures TC well exceeding room temperature
Based on the mean field theory Dietl et al had predicted that transition-metal doped ZnO might be one of the most
prospective candidates for realizing room-temperature DMS which had stimulated a great of interesting on the
ZnO based DMS However as the evidences for both intrinsic and the extrinsic ferromagnetism of Zn1-xCoxO have
been experimentally observed the origin of the ferromagnetism was in intensive dispute In order to clear the
confusions on the structure and the ferromagnetic origin of Zn1-xCoxO we have systemically investigated the
structure and the ferromagnetism of the Zn1-xCoxO nanocrystals Our experimental results indicate that
bull The Co doping concentration in ZnO nanocrystals is only 5 The Co distribution in the nanocrystals is
inhomogeneous for the self-purification mechanism
bull The ferromagnetism of Zn095Co005O has great variations via different post-annealing treatment (O2 Ar
and H2 respectively)The variations of ferromagnetism owing to increase of Vorsquos and the formation of
Co-H-Co stable structures
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 29
bull P-type doping can improve the magnetic coupling between Co ions which is supported by the BMPs
model
bull The inhomogeneous distribution of TM may be the main reason of the current controversy in experimental
results on many of the highly crystallized DMS It should be seriously taken into account in future DMSs
study
Reference
[1] Jianjun Li Weichang Hao Huaizhe Xu et al Journal of Applied Physics 2009 106 063915
[2] Jianjun Li Weichang Hao Huaizhe Xu et al Journal of Applied Physics 2009 105 053907
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
30 |
Parallel Session A (ParticleAstronomy)
Talk-09
General WIMP search at International Linear Collider
Masaki Asano
Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Existence of dark matter in our universe has already been established by recent cosmological observation such
as the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe experiment The most plausible candidate for dark matter is a
Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) Models of the physics beyond the standard model contain a
candidate for WIMP dark matter other new particles (eg charged heavy particle X^-) and new vertices (eg
(WIMP X^- W^+)) We study the process e^+ e^- X^+ X^- WIMP W+ WIMP W^- in order to distinguish
the dark matter nature in the International Linear Collider (ILC) From the study of this process new particle
masses and parameters can be determined very accurately In particular angular distributions are the powerful
probe to investigate the spin of new particles In this study we consider candidates for WIMPs in the
supersymmetric model the little Higgs model and the inert doublet model We investigate the sensitivity of the
measurements to dark matter nature at the ILC based on a realistic Monte Carlo simulation
Talk-10
Primordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmology
Kazunori Kohri
Physics Assistant Tohoku University
Abstract
When we study phenomena occurred at the beginning of the Universe we have to have a birds-eye nature-view for
the hierarchy of physics and employ all connected fields in physics such as particle physics nuclear physics
general relativity astrophysics and cosmology Thus the GCOE program in Tohoku University should be perfect for
us to accomplish this purpose
So far we have confirmed that the standard big-bang cosmology can describe the Universe correctly as far back as
the cosmic time is one second at which big-bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) starts because theoretical predictions of
light element abundances in BBN completely agree with observations Therefore that epoch is the earliest one
after which we understand the Universe by using theoretical physics
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 31
On the other hand in modern particle physics beyond the standard model variety of new phenomena are predicted
in earlier epochs We can check if those new theories are consistent with observations by comparing light element
abundances predicted in each theory with observational data since these new theories easily affect the light element
abundances Thus BBN can verify those hypothetical theories and probe the earlier Universe
In this talk I would like to discuss recent topics in particle cosmology which relates with verifications of new
theories such as supersymmety (SUSY)
Talk-11
Higgsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breaking
Masafumi Kurachi
Physics Assistant Professor Tohoku University
Abstract
It is known that masses of elementary particles are explained by the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the
electroweak symmetry however the origin of the electroweak symmetry breaking has not been identified so far In
the Standard Model of the elementary particles the spontaneous electroweak symmetry breaking is achieved by
introducing an as yet undiscovered scalar particle (Higgs particle) and letting them have the vacuum expectation
value It is true that the Standard Model with Higgs particle is consistent with numerous numbers of experiments
which have been done so far however Higgs sector of the Standard Model itself has several theoretical problems
One of the most serious problem is the hierarchy problem which originates from the fact that the mass of the scalar
particle is not protected by the symmetry in the Standard Model Because of this many models beyondalternative
to the Standard Model has been proposed In this talk Id like to introduce a Higgsless model as an example of such
models which tries to cure the problem in the Standard Model In the Higgsless model because the Higgs particle is
removed from the Standard Model there is no hierarchy problem from the beginning As a possible new particle
which appears at a TeV scale vector meson is introduced in the model I will explain how to write down the
Lagrangian which describe this situation namely Standard Model - Higgs + vector resonance
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
32 |
Talk-12
Measurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle
angle phi3 at Belle experiment
Yoshiyuki Onuki
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Within the standard model CP violation arises due to a single phase in Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM)
quark mixing matrix Precise measurements of CKM matrix parameters therefore constrain the standard model
and may reveal new source of CP violation Various methods have been proposed to determine the unitarity triangle
angle phi3 of the CKM matrix with B-gtDX decay modes where X represents one or more light mesons In this talk
current experimental status and future prospects of phi3 measurements at Belle experiment will be summarized
Talk-13
Hypernuclear g-ray spectroscopy at J-PARC
Takeshi Koike
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Ordinary matter around us is made of at a subatomic level protons and neutrons However inside of a neutron star
there is a possibility that a matter made of strange particles as well exists These strange particles are called as
hyperons which distinguish themselves from protons and neutrons in having a strange quark or a strange quantum
number A nucleus with a hyperon(s) is then called a hypernucleus Studies of hypernucleus provide us with more
general and unified understanding of nuclear force which is one of the four fundamental forces of nature know to
mankind
Hypernuclei on Earth have artificially been created using particle beams provided by accelerators and been
actively studied experimentally The ongoing experimental efforts have entered a new phase with a commissioning
of an intense proton accelerator J-PARC in Tokai Japan since 2009 One of the main experiments that is planed
and prepared at the J-PARC facility is an ultra precise investigation of structures of various hypenuclei via the
gamma-ray spectroscopy using an array of high purity Germanium detector named as Hyperball-J
In this presentation the present status of Hyperball-J now being constructed will be reported as well as main
physics themes that the experiment strives to reveal
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 33
Talk-14
Search for the alpha condensed state in 16
O
Masatoshi Itoh
Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
34 |
Talk-15
A Dipole Anisotropy of Galaxy Distribution
Does the CMB Rest Frame Exist in the Local Universe
Yousuke Itoh
Astronomy Tohoku University
Abstract
The peculiar motion of the Earth causes a dipole anisotropy modulation in the distant galaxy distribution due to
the aberration effect However the amplitude and angular direction of the effect is not necessarily the same as those
of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) dipole anisotropy due to the growth of cosmic structures In other
words exploring the aberration effect may give us a clue to the horizon-scale physics perhaps related to the cosmic
acceleration In this paper we develop a method to explore the dipole angular modulation from the pixelized galaxy
data on the sky properly taking into account the covariances due to the shot noise and the intrinsic galaxy clustering
contamination as well as the partial sky coverage We applied the method to the galaxy catalogs constructed from
the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 6 data After constructing the four galaxy catalogs that are
different in the ranges of magnitudes and photometric redshifts we found that the two samples of fainter
magnitudes indicate a non-zero dipole anisotropy with amplitudes greater than that of the CMB dipole by a factor
10 and in the angular direction consistent with the CMB direction although the dipole signal is weaker for the other
two samples and is found sensitive to an inclusion of the Southern Galactic Hemisphere region The indicated
bulk-flow amplitude is also not inconsistent with the result implied from a stacked analysis of the kinetic
Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect of X-ray luminous clusters in Kashlinsky et al (20082009) Finally we argue that an
almost full-sky galaxy survey such as LSST may allow for a significant detection of the aberration effect of the
CMB dipole having the precision of constraining the angular direction to ~ 20 degrees in radius
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 35
Talk-16
MOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies
at the Star-Forming Epoch of the Universe
Tomohiro Yoshikawa
Astronomy Tohoku University
Abstract
Recent studies revealed that a significant fraction of stars in the present-day galaxies were formed when the age
of the universe was about a half of the present about a half of the stellar mass in the present universe is formed
during the several Gyrs In order to understand the buildup of stellar mass in galaxies at this epoch it is crucial to
examine the relationship of star formation rate (SFR) to stellar mass However fluxes from distant universe are
redshifted due to the expansion of the universe so that optical fluxes in rest-frame which provide stellar masses
and SFRs of galaxies are redshifted to near-infrared wavelengths
In this talk we present the results of near-infrared multi-object spectroscopic observations for 37 star-forming
galaxies at the high-redshift universe The observations are conducted with Multi-Object InfraRed Camera and
Spectrograph (MOIRCS) on the Subaru Telescope The sample is drawn from the Ks-band (22μm) selected
catalog of the MOIRCS Deep Survey (MODS) in the GOODS-N region To preferentially select actively
star-forming galaxies we put higher priority on the galaxies identified in the publicly available 24μm-source
catalog of the Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer (MIPS)
Hα emission lines were detected from 23 galaxies of which the median redshift is 212 We derived the SFRs
from extinction-corrected Hα luminosities and compared them with stellar masses estimated by SED fitting using
multi-band photometric data covering across UV and near-infrared wavelengths The comparison shows no
correlation between SFR and stellar mass Some galaxies with stellar mass smaller than ~1010
M show SFR
higher than ~100 M yr-1
The specific SFRs (SFR per unit stellar mass SSFRs) of these galaxies are remarkably
high galaxies which have SSFR higher than ~10-8
yr-1
are found in 8 of the present sample The large SFR
implies the possibility that the high SSFR galaxies significantly contribute to the cosmic SFR density of the
universe at z~2 We discuss the star-forming properties of the high SSFR galaxies
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
36 |
Parallel Session B (Condensed MatterNuclear)
Talk-17
Exciton effect of the Raman resonance window of
single wall carbon nanotubes
Jin Sung Park
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
In the Raman excitation profile (RRP) that is Raman intensity as functions of excitation energy an important
parameter for evaluating the population of SWNTs is the Raman resonance window which is defined by an
energy full width at half maximum in the RRP In quantum mechanics is obtained by the uncertainty relation for
the lifetime of the exciton A dominant origin of the lifetime of the exciton in the Raman scattering process is an
inelastic scattering by emitting or absorbing phonons In the previous paper we have calculated the carrier lifetime
by considering electron-phonon interaction and the Fermi golden rule [1] In the case of semicondcuting (S-)
SWNT the calculated values are in a good agreement with the experiment However some deviation between
calculation and experiment appears in a different way for type I and II S-SWNTs in which type I and II S-SWNTs
are defined respectively by [mod(2n+m3)=1] and [mod(2n+m3)=2] for a (nm) SWNT In fact the experimental
values for the type I S-SWNTs are smaller than the calculated ones while those for the type II S-SWNTs are larger
than the calculated one A possible reason for this deviation might come from the exciton effect which we did not
consider in the previous calculation For improving the deviation we calculate the value by considering
exciton-phonon interaction The exciton-phonon matrix element for the electron scattering process can be obtained
by the electron-phonon matrix element weighted by the exciton wave function coefficient [2] which depends on the
chiral angle and diameter In the previous calculation [2] we use a simple tight binding wavefunction for
exciton-phonon interaction but recently the exciton-phonon interaction is calculated by extended tight binding
method We will report the new calculated values and compare with the recent precise measurement by single
nanotube spectroscopy
Reference
1) J S Park et al Phys Rev B 74 165414 (2006)
2) J Jiang et al Phys Rev B 75 035405 (2007)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 37
Talk-18
Properties of response function of nonequilibrium steady state
Tatsuro YUGE
IIAIR Tohoku University
Abstract
Response to an external probe provides various information of a system and is one of the most important
characterizations of it In this talk we consider general properties of linear response functions of nonequilibrium
steady states We derive a microscopic expression of a linear response function for a deterministic model which
covers a wide range of nonequilibrium systems Using the expression we show sum rules and asymptotic behaviors
of it We demonstrate the properties by a molecular dynamics simulation of a numerical model We also discuss the
validity of the properties in a stochastic model
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
38 |
Talk-19
Hyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCD
Hidekatsu Nemura
Department of Physics Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 39
Talk-20
From graphene to Z2 topological insulator
Ken-Ichiro Imura
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
A topological insulator has a remarkable property of being metallic on the surface albeit insulating in the bulk
Recently much focus is on a specific type of topological insulators which is said to be Z2-nontrivial and realized as
a consequence of interplay between spin-orbit coupling and a band structure with effective relativistic dispersion
(electrons satisfy a Dirac equation) Such systems are invariant under time reversal and shows Kramers degeneracy
Graphene is a two-dimensional (2D) implementation of such Dirac electron system which also realizes a
prototype [1] of Z2 topological insulator in the presence of intrinsic and extrinsic (Rashba) spin-orbit interactions
Recently we were able characterize specific localization properties of this system in the presence of weak disorder
and under doping [2] We have shown in particular that localization symmetry class is determined by the parity of
the total number Ns of ldquoactivatedrdquo effective spins in the system Our diagnosis provides a contemporary version of
the weak localization theory
The correspondence between the physics of bulk and of the edge highlights the physics of a topological insulator
[3] To demonstrate we make a close comparison between the continuum Dirac theory and the square lattice
tight-binding model [4] for a Z2-topological insulator in 2D It is naturally shown that not only explicit but also
hidden Dirac cones in the high-energy spectrum contribute to and ensure the integral quantization of spin Hall
conductance The nature of gapless edge modes in the lattice model under different (straight vs zigzag) boundary
conditions is extensively studied We demonstrate that the edge modes of a Z2-topological insulator are susceptible
of various finite size effects in comparison with chiral edge modes of quantum Hall insulator By comparing the
behavior of gapless edge modes in real and momentum spaces we show that localizability of edge mode is
intricately related to level crossings due to projection of 2D bulk spectrum onto the 1D edge
[1] CL Kane and EJ Mele Phys Rev Lett 95 146802 (2005) ibid 226801
[2] K-I Imura Y Kuramoto and K Nomura arXiv09041676 Europhys Lett in press arXiv09075051 Phys
Rev B 80 085119 (2009)
[3] K-I Imura A Yamakage A Hotta and Y Kuramoto in preparation
[4] BA Bernevig TL Hughes and S-C Zhang Science 314 1757 (2006)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
40 |
Talk-21
Shearinduced phase separation of complex fluids
Katsuhiko Sato1)
Xue-Feng Yuan2)
and Toshihiro Kawakatsu1)
1)
Department of Physics Tohoku University Japan 2)
School of Chemical Engineering and
Analytical Science University of Manchester UK
Abstract
It is well known that complex fluids such as wormlike micellar solutions exhibit shear-induced phase separations
called shear banding [1] In such a situation the system spatially separates into two regions having high and
low shear rate values with a common shear stress The phenomenon has fascinated many investigators and has been
aggressively investigated both experimentally and theoretically
One of the most striking features of that phenomenon is that its behaviors are quite similar to those of
thermodynamic phase transitions such as liquid-vapor phase transitions despite that it is a non-equilibrium
phenomenon Examples of the similarities are (i) the appearance of a shear stress plateau in the stress-strain rate
curve (note the similarity with isotherms in the p-V plane in the liquid-vapor transition system) (ii) the
independence of the plateau value on the flow history and (iii) the existence of metastable states Although the
analogy between shear banding and thermodynamic phase transitions have been pointed out by many investigators
almost no solid theoretical explanation for these similarities has been presented up to now
Recently we have succeeded in solving this problem [2] ie we have answered to the question ldquoWhy does shear
banding behave like first order phase transitionsrdquo or ldquoCan we describe shear banding in terms of a potential just
like in the case of thermodynamic phase transitionsrdquo Starting from a mechanical constitutive model describing
shear banding which does not have any explicit thermodynamic potential we derive a quantity corresponding to
thermodynamic potentials by applying a reduction method based on the center manifold theory [3] to the governing
equation of the model The reduction method we have taken there is a general one so we can apply this method to
other constitutive models describing shear banding and there is a possibility that we reach some universality In this
talk we provide a brief review on shear banding and explain the details of our theoretical work
[1] H Rehage H Hoffmann Mol Phys 74 933 (1991)
[2] K Sato X-F Yuan T Kawakatsu Eur Phys J E in press
[3] H Mori Y Kuramoto Dissipative Structures and Chaos (Springer-Verlag Berlin 1998)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 41
Talk-22
Ce 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum
critical point a resonant angle-resolved photoemission study
Hojun IM Department of Advanced Physics Hirosaki Univerisy
Abstract
We report the systematic angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) studies of Ce-based heavy fermion compounds
CeNi1-xCoxGe2 whose ground states are change from antiferromagnetic to non-magnetic heavy fermion via
quantum critical point (QCP) Recently it was clearly observed that the Kondo resonance (KR) peaks (Ce 4f1 state)
are dispersed from above the Fermi-level (EF) and cross EF forming the diamond-shaped Fermi-surface (FS) in
non-magnetic heavy-fermion system CeCoGe08Si12 [1] The systematic Ce 4d-4f resonant ARPES studies of
CeNi1-xCoxGe2 reveal that such momentum-dependence of KR peaks exists across QCP indicating the itinerant
character of f-electrons in agreement with the results of angle-integrated photoelectron spectroscopy [2]
References
[1] H J Im et al Phys Rev Lett 100 176402 (2008)
[2] H J Im et al Phys Rev B 72 220405 (2005)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
42 |
Talk-23
Spin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of
Rashba effect on semi-metal surface
Seigo Souma
WPI-AIMR Tohoku University
Abstract
Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is known as a powerful technique to investigate the fine
electronic structure relevant to the intriguing physical phenomena in solids such as superconductivity heavy
fermions metal-insulator transition and so on This technique yet has suffered from two inherent problems
originating in the principle of PES itself namely (1) the high surface sensitivity and (2) the difficulty in resolving
the spin polarization of electrons To overcome those problems we have constructed an ultrahigh resolution
photoemission spectrometer equipped with a newly developed xenon-plasma discharge lamp and a mini-Mott
detector The xenon-plasma discharge lamp provides several intense resonance lines from xenon plasma in the
energy range of 8-11 eV which is enough to achieve high bulk-sensitivity Combined with a large hemispherical
energy analyzer and a spherical concaved grating we achieved high energy resolution less than 1 meV as a total
system in the spin-integrated mode We also have developed a compact Mott spin detector operating at 25 kV and
adapted it to the large hemispherical electron energy analyzer through an electron deflector lens We have
redesigned the analyzer and mounted the entrance of the deflector lens at a location close to the f40mm
microchannel plate (MCP) This enables the observation of electron energy and momentum by the MCP with
comparable quality to modern electron analyzers simultaneously to the electron spin measurement by the Mott
detector
In this talk we present spin-resolved ARPES experiments on group-V semimetal surfaces By using merit of
the newly developed photoemission spectrometer we clearly observed spin-splitting of energy band caused by
strong spin-orbit interaction enhanced in surface state (surface Rashba effect) which would be an essential
ingredients to design a new functional spintronics devices
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 43
Talk-24
Metal-contact effect on graphene
Ryo Nouchi
WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University
Abstract
Graphene one-atom-thick carbon sheet with a honeycomb structure have been attracting incredible attention for
its unique physical properties [1] This material shows an extraordinary high charge carrier mobility of higher than
200000 cm2 V
-1 s
-1 [2] and is considered to be a major candidate for a future high-speed transistor material In
addition graphene has shown its ability to transport charge carriers with spin conservation even at room
temperature and is regarded as a pivotal material for spintronics applications [3] In order to construct electronic
devices such as field-effect transistors (FETs) metallic materials should make a contact with the graphene layers as
is schematically shown in Fig 1 Resultant graphene-metal contacts are considered to affect device properties in a
similar way that metal-semiconductor interfaces govern the operation of conventional electronic devices through
formation of Schottkyohmic contacts In the case of metal-graphene interfaces carriers are expected to be doped
from the metal [4] and a pinning of the potential of graphene was found to occur at the contacts [5]
In this talk experimental investigations by means of a FET structure are presented Figure 2 displays typical
transfer (drain current versus gate voltage) characteristics of a graphene FET The gate voltage with a minimum
drain current can be indicative of carrier doping from the electrodes The overall shape of the characteristics
enables us to examine the potential pinning effect a simple simulation shows that distorted characteristics observed
with ferromagnetic contacts [6] is attributable to the absence of the potential pinning
[1] A H Castro Neto F Guinea N M R Peres K S Novoselov and A K Geim Rev Mod Phys 81 109
(2009)
[2] K I Bolotin K J Sikes Z Jiang M Klima G Fudenberg J Hone P Kim and H L Stormer Solid State
Comm 146 351 (2008)
[3] M Ohishi M Shiraishi R Nouchi T Nozaki T Shinjo and Y Suzuki Jpn J Appl Phys 46 L605 (2007)
[4] G Giovannetti P A Khomyakov G Brocks V M Karpan J van den Brink and P J Kelly Phys Rev Lett
101 026803 (2008)
[5] E J H Lee K Balasubramanian R T Weitz M Burghard and K Kern Nat nanotechnol 3 486 (2008)
[6] R Nouchi M Shiraishi and Y Suzuki Appl Phys Lett 93 152104 (2008)
Fig1 Schematic diagram of a graphene FET
SiO2
Highly-doped Si
Gate Voltage
Drain current
Drain voltage
A
Graphene
Metal contact
Fig2 Typical transfer characteristics
of a graphene FET
100806040200
Dra
in c
urr
ent (
mA
)
-40 0 40Gate voltage (V)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
44 |
Parallel Session C (MathematicsPhilosophy)
Talk-25
Application of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem
for damped wave equation with non-convexity
Yoshihiro Ueda
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
We consider the initial-boundary value problem for damped wave equations with a nonlinear convection term in
the half line In the case where the flux is convex it is shown that the solution tends to the corresponding stationary
wave In this talk we show that even for a quite wide class of flux functions which are not necessarily convex such
the stationary wave is asymptotically stable The proof is given by a technical $L^2$-weighted energy method and
an anti-derivative method
Talk-26
Toric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systems
Yuichi Nohara
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
A completely integrable system on a symplectic manifold of dimension 2n is a set of n functions which are
functionally independent and Poisson commuting A typical example is a moment map of a torus action on a toric
variety A completely integrable system gives a structure of foliation by Lagrangian submanifolds and this plays
an important role in mirror symmetry which is a duality in string theory (mathematically it is formulated as a duality
between symplectic geometry and complex geometry) For example mirror partners of toric varieties can be
constructed by using the moment maps
The Gelfand-Cetlin system is a completely integrable system on a complex flag manifold It is known that the flag
manifold has a degeneration into a (singular) toric variety We show that the Glefand-Cetlin system can be deformed
into a moment map of a torus action on the toric variety We also discuss some applications This talk is based on a
joint work with T Nishinou and K Ueda
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 45
Talk-27
Singular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of
a Semilinear Parabolic Equation
Shota Sato
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
We study the Cauchy problem for a semilinear parabolic equation Our concern is the existence of a singular
solution whose singularity becomes anomalous in finite time First we study the structure of singular radial
solutions for an equation derived by backward self-similar variables Using this we obtain a singular backward
self-similar solution whose singularity becomes stronger or weaker than that of a singular steady state This talk is a
joint work with E Yanagida
Talk-28
Around Homological Mirror Symmetry
Masahiro Futaki
Mathematics University of Tokyo
Abstract
Homological Mirror Symmetry (HMS for short) is a duality between complex and symplectic geometries
originally found by Maxim Kontsevich in 1994 In this talk we introduce a variant of HMS in the context of mirror
symmetry between Fano variety and Laudau-Ginzburg model and investigate some examples
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
46 |
Talk-29
On the heat equation in a half space with
a nonlinear boundary condition
Tatsuki Kawakami
Mathematics Tohoku University
Talk-30
An Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mind
Masahiko Igashira
Frontier Biosciences Osaka University
Abstract
At Osaka University we attempt to establish an interdisciplinary research area titled Cognitive Neuroscience
Robotics by closely integrating research on robotics cognitive science and neuroscience while aiming at the
creation of a new paradigm for understanding the human being and the realization of new interfaces for relieving
brain overload in the usage of highly-complicated IRT systems
In this program philosophers are engaged in the following two themes Firstly to suggest efficient methods for
creating a new paradigm from the view point of a philosophy of science while at the same time refining existing
theories within philosophy of science by examining whether these theories sufficiently contribute to our
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 47
understanding of the generating processes of new research areas Secondly philosophers approach the question of
whether the robot which can hardly be distinguished from real humans which might be produced in the future of
Cognitive Neuroscience Robotics should be recognized as having a MIND or RIGHTS
In this presentation basic conceptions and activities with regard to the second question will be discussed
Furthermore a method for approaching the complex problem of how to understand the MIND in the physical
world will be developed
Talk-31
Utilitarianism and Rawls
Masaru Yonehara
Philosophy Tohoku University
Abstract
John Rawls one of the most important political philosophers of the 20th century is a critic of utilitarianism In
utilitarianism an action is right if and only if it brings about the greatest balance of happiness over unhappiness for
everyone affected by the action otherwise it is wrong Rawls asserts that if slavery or some other system of
extreme social and economic inequalities can produce a greater balance of happiness over unhappiness than any
alternative utilitarianism condones or even commands these institutions which we normally consider quite unjust
According to Rawls his ldquotwo principles of justicerdquo condemn these unjust institutions However this criticism
against utilitarianism is incorrect And I argue that Rawlsrsquos theory has a fatal flaw his theory cannot provide good
reasons why immoral actions against the disabled are impermissible Hence the purpose of my presentation is to
demonstrate that utilitarianism can provide such reasons
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
48 |
Talk-32
Husserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience
in Transcendental Phenomenology
Shun Sato
Philosophy Tohoku University
Abstract
In this presentation I investigate a possible interpretation of Husserls phenomenological theory of perceptual
experience as a disjunctive one My study consists of four sections In sections 1 and 2 I characterize disjunctivism
as a position representing a resistance against what appears to be historically more or less orthodoxy presenting
what has been described as an argument from hallucination for this traditional view This form of argument seems
to compel us to acknowledge that our experience at large is a common factor to perception and hallucination and
therefore that our experience does not intrinsically reach worldly objects According to disjunctivists this seeming
is not the real They tell us that we have either experience if it is veridical which involves a worldly object or
experience which does not if it is not veridical hence we do not always have an intrinsically falling-short-of-world
experience They argue that we perceive in a veridical case an object which is a constituent of a real world as is
suggested they usually speak in defense of direct realism In section 3 I try to show that Husserls transcendental
idealism is not incompatible with direct realistic theory of perception looking into his conception of perceptual
intentionality evidence (or reason) and reality In the final section I take up an interpretation of Husserls view
about experience as disjunctivism provided by A D Smith to which I add my own view Finally I suggest that
Husserls disjunctivism should better be characterized as a form of epistemological disjunctivism
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 49
Parallel Session - Collaborative Research
Talk-33
Development of an electro-magnetic calorimeter made up of
ceramic PrLuAG scintillator
Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics)
Research Center for Electron and Photon Science (Laboratory of Nuclear Science)
Abstract
Quarks are fundamental building blocks of matter and they unite to configure composite particles called
hadrons Experimentally observed hadrons before 2003 can be understood as a composite of three quarks (baryons)
or that of a quark and an anti-quark (mesons) Study of exotic hadrons which are not classified as baryons or
mesons has been a subject of great interest in nuclear physics after a narrow S=1 baryon resonance (Θ+) was
observed at SPring-8LEPS for the first time The Θ+ can be a member of anti-decuplet penta-quark baryons (four
quarks and an anti-quark) with the lowest mass
After the LEPS experiment both the positive and negative results have been reported by many other facilities
Searching for other members is important to establish the penta-quark picture A narrow bump is observed at our
facility in the excitation function for η photo-production on the neutron near E~1 GeV It would be attributed to a
member of anti-decuplet baryons with hidden strangeness since no signature corresponding to this bump is
observed in η photo-production on the proton To investigate this bump precisely an electro-magnetic (EM)
calorimeter with a large solid angle and with a high energy resolution is required since the η meson is identified by
detecting two photons from its decay
A praseodymium doped lutetium aluminum garnet Lu3Al5O12 (PrLuAG) is an excellent scintillator for EM
calorimeters utilized in nuclear and particle physics It has good characteristics such as good energy resolution fast
response a short radiation length and no hygroscopicity At this moment its large single crystal cannot be
manufactured which may be used as a module for an EM calorimeter Recently a ceramic PrLuAG scintillator has
been developed by Prof Yoshikawa and Prof Yanagita in Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced
Materials Tohoku University The ceramic one is expected to be manufactured in a desired shape and to be much
cheaper than the single crystal In this talk the current status of preparing a ceramic PrLuAG scintillator dedicated
to an EM calorimeter is discussed
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
50 |
Talk-34
Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Abstract
Anti-neutrinos travel from the Earthrsquos interior due to beta decays of mainly three isotopes 238
U 232
Th and 40
K
The study of geo-neutrinos was performed using 207659-day data taken with KamLAND which is the
anti-neutrino detector contained 1000 tons of liquid scintillator (LS) The data includes 58603-day data since the
LS purification was started
The LS purification is distillation and N2 purge for LS and was performed to reduce low energy backgrounds
such as 85
Kr 210
Bi and 210
Po These isotopes were reduced by ~ 185000 ~ 12100 and ~ 116 respectively While
the LS purification reduced backgrounds it caused the decrease of light yield by ~ 20 and following the deviation
of the position and time dependence Energy and its deviation are corrected using calibration and spallation data
before the geo-neutrino analysis
Anti-neutrinos are extracted from data using the likelihood selection based on the probability density function of
anti-neutrinos and accidental backgrounds depending on those rate to use low energy region and outer volume with
many accidental backgrounds
The main backgrounds for geo-neutrinos are reactor neutrinos and 13
C(alpha n)16
O reaction The latter is
reduced by ~ 116 after the LS purification due to the reduction of the main alpha source 210
Po
The expected number of geo-neutrinos is calculated using the reference Earth model based on seismology
petrology and the BSE model It is 976 events The Rate + Shape + Time analysis was performed using these
results The best-fit of geo-neutrinos does not conflict with the expectation The accuracy of measurement was
significantly improved from the last official result Zero geo-neutrinos are excluded at over 3 sigma CL That is
the first evidence of geo-neutrinos The fully-radiogenic models of 44 TW or 31 TW were also restricted for the
first time
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 51
Talk-35
Geometric Analysis on Einstein Equation
Sumio Yamada
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
The Einstein equation states that the spacetime we live in is Ricci-flat (vacuum case) namely it is flat in the
sense that the Ricci curvature tensor of the spacetime as a Lorentzian manifold vanishes If it is simply flat then
the space becomes trivial namely the spacetime is isometric to the Minkowski space The Ricci-flatness on the
other hand allows much freedom in determining the shape of the spacetime The degree of freedom is manifest in
the nonlinearity of the Einstein equation whose structure as a system of fully nonlinear partial differential
equations has discouraged mathematicians and physicists alike for many years
In this talk we will present several aspects of current research which are different approaches to the task of
understanding the Einstein equation The first one is from the viewpoint of three dimensional Riemannian
geometry where the threefold represents the space obtained by fixing ldquotimerdquo in the spacetime The second comes
from analyzing the Einstein equation as an evolution equation of the threefold a sort of deformation theory over
time The third approach is to formulate exact solutions of the Einstein equation which often contains
singularities the ldquoblackholesrdquo
The complete understanding of the Einstein equation still remains elusive those systematic approaches have
proved to be productive in mathematics as well as theoretical physics so that there are many beautiful theories born
out of the investigations
Talk-36
Study of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed
Study matter in gravitational wave astronomy
Yousuke Itoh
Astronomical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
Among the known four forces gravity is the most weak interaction As a result it is expected that gravitational
wave astronomy will enables us to explore the new aspects of the universe which are hidden for electromagnetic and
neutrino astronomers Those include the early universe beyond the redshift ~ 1000 (the last scattering surface of the
cosmic microwave background) and properties of matter inside highly compact stars In this talk I will briefly review
the gravitational wave theory how we detect it the current status of the world-wide efforts for gravitational wave
detection and then talk about our research efforts
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
52 |
Talk-37
Development of Readout Board for FPCCD Detector
Yosuke Takubo
Department of physics Tohoku University
Abstract
FPCCD (Fine Pixel CCD) is a CCD detector whose pixel size is 5 x 5 μm2 and thickness of the sensitive layer
is 15 μm The sensitive layer of FPCCD is fully depleted to suppress the diffusion in the epitaxial layer and it
realizes good hit separation capability It is considered to use FPCCD for the high energy physics material science
and astronomy since the small pixel size realizes the excellent position resolution To establish the technology we
developed the test sample of FPCCD in 2008 whose pixel size is 12 x 12 μm2 The pixel size will be make smaller
to 6 x 6 μm2 in the second test sample in 2010 We also developed prototype of the readout ASIC to operate and
readout FPCCD
Together with the FPCCD sensor and readout ASIC development of the readout system is important issue
There are some requirements to the readout system due to characteristics of the FPCCD The readout speed must be
above 10 Mpixsec for one readout channel to read all the pixels The readout board must have ability of the data
processing like zero-suppression to reduce data sent to PC The data transfer rate to PC should be about 1 Gbps
We developed prototype of the readout board for FPCCD in 2009 The readout board is designed as
KEK-VME9U module The LVDS input and output is prepared to treat 16 x 4 channels Since a FPGA (Field
Programmable Gate Array) is equipped on the board logic for data processing could be easily modified The data
transfer rate to PC of 1 Gbps is realized by SiTCP technology in which the logic for TCPIP is embedded in FPGA
In my talk the status of development of the readout board will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 53
Talk-38
Theoretical Formulation of Morphology Dynamics of Membranes
Based on a Combination of Mathematical Models and Differential
Geometry
Yutaka Oya1)
Masatoshi Toda1)
Katsuhiko Sato1)
Toshihiro Kawakatsu1)
and
Izumi Takagi2)
1) Department of Physics 2) Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
Bio-membranes and vesicles are bilayers of lipid molecules with closed form A typical example is red blood cell
It is well known that the equilibrium shape of these membranes are determined by minimizing the following
Helfrich bending elastic energy [1]
2
02
CCdH aa
(1)
where ad is the infinitesimal area element of the membrane surface aC the local mean curvature 0C the
spontaneous curvature the bending elastic constant This energy is to be minimized among closed surfaces
having the prescribed surface area and bounding volume [2]
Although this Helfrich model is successful for equilibrium shape problems it is not easy to study dynamical
processes such as deformation fission and fusion of membranes under an external flow field or in the presence of
guest molecules such as polymers injected into the membrane In such a situation a field-theoretic approach to
Helfrich model is quite useful It is called the phase field (PF) model where the infinitely thin membrane
described by eq(1) is approximated by a finitely thin interface (topological defect) of a scalar field r [3] As
the membrane is described by a filed variable it is easy to combine it with other fields for example a flow field
(Navier-Stokes (NS) equation) or a density distribution of polymer chains (self-consistent field (SCF) theory)
We develop theoretical formulations for polymer chains encapsulated in
a membrane (PF+SCF) and for membranes floating in a flow field
(PF+NS) The former is a model of drag delivery system and the latter is a
model for a blood flow in a blood vessel Figure 1 shows typical
axisymmetric shapes of membranes that contain polymer chains obtained
by PF+SCF technique A shape deformation of membrane induced by the
injected polymer can be observed
[1] UZeifert Adv Phys 46 (1997) 13
[2] TNagasawa and ITakagi Calc Var and PDE 16 (2003) 63
[3] QDu C Liu and X Wang J Comput Phys 198 (2004) 450
a)
b)
Fig1 Two typical axisymmetric
shapes of membranes containing
polymers inside (a) prolate and (b)
oblate shapes
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
54 |
Talk-39
The search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics
from the logical and philosophical point of view
Keita Yokoyama
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
In this research we investigate the certainty of foundations of mathematics including the concepts of infinity
provability axiomatizability normativity determinacy and so on In this talk we will overview the certainty of
infinitesimal analysis by means of the measure of the logical strength as an example
In the 17th century differential and integral calculus was developed using infinitely small or infinitesimal
quantities by G W Leibniz and others However the theory of infinitesimals was completely replaced by the
theory of limits in the 19th century In 1960rsquos A Robinson introduced the theory of non-standard analysis and
justified the theory of infinitesimals in it [1] Non-standard analysis has been investigated by many researchers as a
branch of logic or analysis and it has been applied to the study of analysis number theory and other fields of
mathematics On the other hand the strengths of many theorems of classical analysis are measured by comparing
them with axioms of arithmetic as a program of Reverse Mathematics by H Friedman S Simpson and others [2]
For example the axiom ldquoweak Koenigrsquos lemma (WKL)rdquo is equivalent to the Brouwer fixed point theorem and the
Cauchy integral theorem and the axiom ldquoarithmetical comprehension (ACA)rdquo is equivalent to the AscoliArzela
lemma and the Riemann mapping theorem Then can we measure the certainty of infinitesimal analysis Is
infinitesimal analysis more complex or less certain than classical analysis Our aim is to answer these question
In 1980rsquos H J Keisler gave simple axioms for the theory of infinitesimal analysis So we measure the strengths
of these axioms by comparing them with axioms of arithmetic The axioms of infinitesimal analysis consist of
ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo ldquotransfer principlerdquo and other weak principles named nsBASIC Our main
results of this study are following
1 nsBASIC plus ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo is a conservative extension of the axiom of arithmetic
WKL
2 nsBASIC plus ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo plus ldquotransfer principlerdquo is a conservative extension of
the axiom of arithmetic ACA
It is known that the most part of classical analysis can be developed within WKL or ACA Consequently the theory
of infinitesimal analysis has the same certainty as the theory of classical analysis
References
[1] Stephen G Simpson Subsystems of Second Order Arithmetic Perspectives Springer-Verlag 1999
[2] A Robinson Non-standard Analysis North-Holland revised edition 1974
[3] Keita Yokoyama Formalizing non-standard arguments in second-order arithmetic to appear
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 55
Abstracts of Poster Presentations
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
56 |
Po-1
Coherent control of excited states by multipulse photo excitation
Kenta Abe
Physics D2 Tohoku University
The control of quantum phenomena with modulated laser pulses has already been demonstrated successfully on
a variety of chemical and physical systems For example the temporal structure of the pulse can be periodically
modified to yield a train of pulses If the temporal spacing of the pulse train coincides with the period of a
molecular vibration a wavepacket involving just a selected mode can be excited selectively over other modes We
adopted coherent control method using multipulse excitation to get information about transient vibration of the
excited states in materials
The coherent control measurement was carried out by a setup based on femtosecond absorption spectroscopy
Output of the Tisapphire laser system (800nm 1mJ 150fs 1kHz) was divided into several parts One part was
used to generate the tunable prepump (~100fs) by an infrared optical parametric amplifier (IR-OPA) The prepump
generated the excited state in the materials Another part was used to drive a noncollinear OPA (NOPA) generating
the ultrashort transform-limit (TL) pulse (lt20 fs) for the coherent control A pulse shaper which consists of a spatial
light modulator (SLM) with 800times600 pixels in a 4f arrangement modulated the TL pulse and generated the shaped
pump pulse The rest output generated the broadband tunable probe pulse using another NOPA and a prism pair
pulse compressor Time resolution of the system was about 20fs
Nile Blue was selected as prototype system because of its strong oscillatory features The coherent vibration
induced by the TL or shaped pump pulse was observed Figure 2 shows the Fourier transform (FT) spectra of the
transient vibration with and without the prepump With the prepump the peak frequency of the FT-spectrum is
lower than that without the prepump The multipulse excitation could successfully induce the coherent vibration in
the excited state Furthermore we carried out the coherent control by the shaped pump pulse The periodic pulse
trains can selectively control the coherent vibration in the ground andor excited states
Fig 2 Transient vibration induced by TL pulse Fig 1 Sketch of the multipulse excitation setup
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 57
Po-2
de Haas ndashvan Alphen effect studies in the Antiferro-Quadrupolar
ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3
T Isshiki T Komatsubara HS Suzuki N Kimura H Aoki
Physics D3 Tohoku University
In the past decade it is found that higher order multipoles (quadrupolar octupolar etc) play a key role in some
rare earth and actinide systems Although a great number of studies have been performed the mechanism of the
multipolar ordering has not been clarified yet On the other hand some previous experiments suggest that the
quadrupolar ordering is mediated via the conduction electrons Moreover in some Pr-based compounds which have
nonmagnetic 3 doublet in the crystalline electric field ground state a huge CT value is observed in the specific
heat measurement even at low temperatures These results indicate that quadrupole moments might be strongly
coupled with the conduction electrons but there is no clear evidence so far Therefore it is important to investigate
the role of the conduction electrons in these systems
The de Haas -van Alphen(dHvA) effect is a powerful method to measure the properties of conduction electrons
We study the dHvA effect in the antiferro-quadrupolar(AFQ) ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3 (1) to
investigate whether or not a huge CT at low temperatures and the non-Fermi liquid behavior reported for the
specific heat and electrical resistivity in Pr1-xLaxPb3 come from the interplay between quadrupole moments and the
conduction electrons (2) to investigate how the change of the f electron state such as the one from the
para-quadrupolar state to the AFQ state affects the properties of conduction electrons and (3) to investigate the
quantum criticality of the quadrupolar ordering
We have succeeded in observing the change in the properties of conduction electrons associated with the change
of the f electron state The details are discussed in this presentation
Po-3
Measurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum
in the Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHC
Takumi Ito
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Supersymmetry (SUSY) is the well-motivated candidate of the physics beyond the standard model If
SUSY really exists at the TeV energy scale a large number of SUSY particles are produced at the LHC
experiments A signature of SUSY at the LHC strongly depends on the SUSY mass spectrum Some
SUSY models have a long-lived heavy charged particle and in such case we should completely alter a
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
58 |
strategy to study the SUSY events from one in a widely-studied case with a long-lived heavy neutral
particle
We study the model with a long-lived stau (supersymmetric partner of tau lepton) and demonstrate the
several masses of superpaticles can be measured with a good accuracy [1] We focus on the case in which
the mass differences between the lightest stau and other sleptons are ~ 10 GeV or larger so that the decay
products of heavier sleptons are hard enough to be detected First we determine the masses of neutralinos as
the endpoint of the invariant mass distribution of (tau-jet - stau) since neutralinos mainly decay to the
lightest stau Next with the assist of the knowledge of the neutralino mass the masses of the right-handed
sleptons are determined as the sharp peak in the distribution of the invariant mass of (lepton - tau - stau)
Also squark (almost right-handed) masses can be measured well
In the previous study we left the mass reconstructions of other particles such as gluino charginos left-handed
sleptons and left-handed squarks They are in progress [2]
Reference
[1] Takumi Ito Ryuichiro Kitano and Takeo Moroi ldquoMeasurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum in the
Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHCrdquo arXiv 09105853 [hep-ph]
[2] Takumi Ito Ryuichiro Kitano and Takeo Moroi work in progress
Po-4
In situ NMR imaging of lithium- ion batteries
during chargedischarge cycle
Yoshiki Iwai
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Lithium-ion batteries are quite important power sources for mobile devices such as mobile phones notebook
computers portable audio players etc It is necessary to observe ion motion of liquid electrolyte in lithium-ion
batteries for increasing their safety and understanding mechanisms of the degradations Over the last several
decades many types of in-situ technique (X-ray Raman scattering infrared spectroscopy etc) have been adopted to
investigate the lithium-ion dynamics Moreover visualizing techniques are also starting to be employed for material
science over the biological and medical field X-ray and neutron tomography can see through the batteries however
these two techniques have disadvantages for lithium-ion batteries X-ray has low sensitivity for organic electrolyte
because the sensitivity of X-ray is proportional to weight of atoms Neutron beam has high sensitivity for proton
(1H) and lithium (
6Li and
7Li) however big facilities are need for the experiments Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Imaging (NMR imaging ) is also nondestructive imaging technique which can satisfy these two demands high
sensitivity of light atoms such as proton (or lithium) and small instrument compared with Neutron facilities The
aim of this work is to observe liquid electrolyte in the lithium-ion battery by NMR imaging technique to understand
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 59
ionic motion and behavior of its degradation as a function of electrochemical cycling As a start of this work I
report lithium (7Li) and proton (
1H) imaging data of special designed lithium-ion battery which is composed of
lithium-metal (negative electrode) and LiCoO2 (positive electrode) filled with liquid electrolyte LiClO4PC
Po-5
Crack propagation in largely deformed rubber sheet
Daiki Endo
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
60 |
Po-6
Optical response of photonic crystal with multi-layered structure
Rihei Endo
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Recently there has been rapid progress in the performance of nano scale artificial structure It is known that
the photonic crystals take an important role in developing next-generation devices Photonic crystals have a
photonic band structure with a gap energy that excludes light with a certain frequency which is the same
analogy as the energy band structure in the crystal of the solid We can control light freely by operating these
structures artificially and it is possible to create new type devices with new features
So far we had investigated one-electron properties of one-dimensional self-similar structures (SSS) SSS are
classified into the third group of systems in addition to periodic systems and random systems Electronic states
of SSS exhibits rich properties For example the presence of energy spectra and wave functions which have
multifractal characters is peculiar to such systems And almost all eigenstates for electrons are critical states
whose nature locate between extended states and localised states
Applying the concept of SSS to photonic crystals we aim at a development of a new type of optical device
We confine our discussion in 1D photonic crystals which consist of two different dielectric material layers A
and B in a SSS We assume the materials of A and B layers to be non-absorbing isotropic and uniform
dielectric matirials with reflective indices na and nb respectively (see fig1) To set up 1D self-similar
photonic crystal we apply the substitution rule to determine the order of two kinds of layer as shown in fig2 In
this poster We have investigated the time-dependent optical response of S-polarized wave and P-polarized
wave (see fig3) on this SSS by using transfer matrix method [1]
[1] J Phys A Math Gen 37 (2004) L1-L6 Rihei Endou Komajiro Niizeki Nobuhisa Fujita
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 61
Po-7
Pseudo-spin Kondo effect in a capacitively-coupled parallel double
quantum dot
Yuma OKAZAKI
Physics D1 Tohoku University
A low-dimensional nano-structure fabricated by semiconductor fine processing technology offers the ideal
playground for studying quantum and correlative nature of electrons Especially electronic states can be controlled
at a single electron level in a zero-dimensionally confined system known as a quantum dot (QD) The Kondo effect
is an electron correlation phenomenon resulting from a dynamical spin singlet formation between a localized spin
at the QD and its surrounding conduction electrons via an effective exchange interaction The Kondo effect has
been well investigated in bulk materials containing dilute magnetic impurities However more tunable approach for
the Kondo physics is possible with the helps of QDrsquos parameter-controllability
In this poster we show transport measurements in a double QD system with inter-dot capacitive coupling In
such a device charge degrees of freedom can be regarded as a pseudo-spin and play the equivalent role to the
electron spin in the Kondo physics Although the pseudo-spin Kondo effect has been already discussed in some
reported articles more quantitative and conclusive experimental results are lacking Two fingerprints for the
pseudo-spin Kondo singlet were experimentally observed in our fabricated device(Fig a b) The first one is Kondo
zero bias anomaly which originates from a many-body resonance level pinned at the Fermi surface due to the
Kondo singlet formation(Fig c) The second one is Kondo scaling which describes universal temperature
dependence scaled by the Kondo temperature A good fit was obtained between the observed temperature
dependence and a theoretical curve by numerical renormalization group theory(Fig d) Moreover a contribution
from the pseudo-spin was discussed via measurements in a finite in-plane magnetic field In conclusion a
formation of the pseudo-spin Kondo singlet was determined
Fig (a)Scanning electron microscope image of the device Electrons are confined into regions illustrated by circles (b)The charge stability diagram showing charge configurations in the two QDs VL(VR) is bias voltages applied to the gate L(R) labeled in Fig (a) The arrows depict charge and spin states (c)Kondo zero bias anomaly and (d)Kondo scaling were measured at the center of the two-headed arrow in Fig (b)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
62 |
Po-8
Spin and charge dynamics in a photo-excited double exchange system
Yu Kanamori
D2 Department of Physics Tohoku University
Hiroaki Matsueda1 and Sumio Ishihara
2
1Sendai National College of Technology
2Department of Physics Tohoku University
A variety of electronic phases in correlated electron systems is attributed to strong interplay between multi-degrees of
freedom of electrons such as charge spin and orbital Gigantic changes in electronic state are caused by weak perturbation in a
vicinity of phase boundary Perovskite manganite is one of the typical correlated electron materials with multi-degrees of
freedom Recently ultrafast photo-induced phenomena by applying femtosecond laser pulse have been measured in the
charge-ordered (CO) insulator associated with the antiferromagnetic (AF) order [1] Transient optical reflectivity and
magnet-optic Kerr rotation suggest strong coupling between the charge and spin degrees of freedom in the photo-induced states
Nonlinear increase of reflectivity change for photo-excitation density has been also reported
We study photo-induced charge and spin dynamics in perovskite manganite We adopt the extended double-exchange model
in one-dimension where the on-site and nearest-neighbor Coulomb repulsions between the eg electrons and the
nearest-neighbor AF exchange coupling between the t2g localized spins are taken into account By using the exact
diagonalization method and density-matrix renormalization-group method several transient spectra and static correlation
functions are obtained
It is shown that just after the photo-irradiation CO is melted and the band width of photo-carriers gradually increases with
increasing time The time dependence of the photo-carrier band and that of the in-gap component of the optical conductivity are
correlated with that in the spin correlation indicating strong coupling between charge and spin sectors This time scale is
governed by the electron transfer integral We also examine the photon intensity dependence of the spin and charge dynamics It
is found that pump photon intensity where the energy gain in the spin sector is saturated is smaller than that where the charge
energy is saturated This result implies that the spin and charge sectors are decoupled in the view point of the pump
photon-intensity
This work is supported by the global COE program of MEXT Japan
References
[1] K Miyasaka et al Phys Rev B 74 012401 (2006)
[2] H Matsueda and S Ishihara J Phys Soc Jpn 76 083703 (2007)
[3] Y Kanamori H Matsueda and S Ishihara Phys Rev Lett 103 267401 (2009)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 63
Po-9
Observation of 8B Solar Neutrinos with KamLAND
Yoshiaki Kibe (D3)
Department of Physics Research Center for Neutrino Science Tohoku University
The Kamioka Liquid Scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector that is KamLAND experiment is located at the site of the
former Kamiokande experiment in Gifu Prefecture Japan KamLAND uses 1 metric kton of liquid scintillator
contained in a 65m radius 135μm thick NylonEVOH balloon
Measurements of solar neutrinos and reactor anti-neutrinos have established neutrino oscillation and the Large
Mixing Angle (LMA) solution with matter effects described by Mikheyev Smirnov and Wolfenstein (MSW) as the
correct description of neutrino propagation from the Sun The 8B decay creates the continuous energy spectrum and
dominates the high-energy solar neutrino flux This has been measured previously using neutrino-electron
scattering with water Cherenkov detectors like Kamiokande Super-Kamiokande and SNO and the liquid
scintillator detector like Borexino The water Cherenkov detectors are able to reconstruct the direction of the
incoming neutrino and typically have thresholds of around 5 MeV Liquid scintillator detectors have much better
energy solution and the possibility of lower energy thresholds but no directional information The detection method
exploits the neutrino-electron elastic scattering reaction in the solar neutrino detection at KamLAND
The newly developed purification system rejects the radioactive backgrounds It allows us to explore lower
threshold of 35 MeV where is the unexplored energy region for 8B solar neutrino detection This work shows the
first measurement of 8B solar neutrino flux in KamLAND with 35 and 55 MeV thresholds
Po-10
z ~3 LYMAN BREAK GALAXY CLUSTER SURVEY IN SSA22
WITH VIMOS
Katsuki Kousai
Physics D2 Tohoku University
We report our redshift survey of z~3 Lyman break galaxies ( LBGs ) We observed LBGs spectra in SSA22
( 221734 +001504 ) 912 arcsec2 field to identify those spectral redshift and to study three dimensional
distribution of LBGs We have obtained spectral redshifts of 94 LBGs and found spike at z=31 33 and 37 in the
redshift distribution
SSA22 is a field in which Steidel et al discovered high density region of LBGs at z=309 ( Steidel et al 1998 )
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
64 |
They determined spectral redshifts of 99 LBGs at z~3 in 162 arcsec2 field They found a critical spike at z=309 in
their redshift distribution of LBGs
We have detected a lot of Lyman alpha emitters ( LAEs ) at z=309 in 912 arcsec2 field which contains the high
density region discovered by Steidel et al in our narrowband filter (NB497 band pass centered at 4977 Å
bandwidth of FWHM 77Å ) survey for LAEs with Subaru Prime Focus Camera to find a large scale structure of
LAEs ( Hayashino et al 2004 )
We also carried out LBG redshift survey in our LAE survey area We observed z~3 LBG candidates in the field
with ESO-VLT VIsible MultiObject Spectrograph ( VIMOS ) in 2006 and 2008 We identify spectral redshifts of 94
LBGs with Lyman alpha emission line ( 1216Åin rest-flame ) or metal absorption line ( Si II O I C II ( 1216Å
1303Å 1334Å in rest-flame ) etc )
We drew redshift distribution of those LBGs In our redshift distribution we found spike not only at z=31 that was
discovered by Steidel but also z=33 and 37 We also study spatial distribution of LBGs that is included those spikes It seems
that LBGs in each spikes are clustered in sky distribution of those LBGs
In our poster we report on the redshift distribution of 94 LBGs at z~3 the property of those density peaks that is found in
the redshift distribution and the spatial distribution of LBGs
Po-11
EELS and SXES studies of electronic structures of Al-TM alloys
Shogo Koshiya
Physics D1 Tohoku University
After the discovery of an icosahedral symmetry material (quasicrystals) in a melt-quenched Al6Mn alloy [1]
great effort has been spent for understanding the presence of quasiperiodic structured materials In recent years
Hume-Rothery mechanism which predicts an existence of a pseudogap around Fermi level (EF) is accepted as a
major reason for the stabilization of quasicrystals The presences of pseudogap structures in quasicrystals were
experimentally confirmed by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and EELS EELS experiments also pointed out
characteristic chemical shifts in Al L-shell excitation spectra of Al-based quasicrystals [2] which suggested a
decrease of valence electron charge at Al sites Recently a covalent bonding nature in quasicrystals was reported by
MEMRietveld analysis of 10-Al12Re and 11-Al73Re27Si10 [3] Thus it is interesting to investigate the relation
between chemical shift and bonding nature of quasicrystals On the other hand the systematic measurements of
electronic structures of the normal Al-transition metal (Al-TM) alloys help the understanding of the bonding
nature of the Al-based quasicrystal
In this study the chemical shift which is sensitive to the amount of valence electron of amorphous (Am)
quasicrystalline (QC) and crystalline (Cryst) phases of Al53Si27Mn20 alloys were investigated by a high
energy-resolution EELS transmission electron-microscope (TEM) [4] and a soft-X-ray emission spectroscopy
(SXES) instrument attached to a TEM [5]
From EELS measurements of Al L-edge (2p rarr CV) of the phases it was clearly shown that only the QC phase
showed an apparent shift to the larger binding energy side by 04 eV compared with that of Al single crystal This
result should be due to a large binding energy of Al L-shell of QC phase than that of pure Al (chemical shift) From
SXES measurements of Al K -emission (2p rarr 1s) of the phases it was revealed for the first time that the spectrum
of QC phase clearly showed a shift to the larger energy side of about 4 eV These results clearly indicate that the chemical shift is characteristic for QC phase Si K -emission spectrum of QC phase also showed a clear shift of
about 6 eV On the other hand there was not an apparent chemical shift for Mn L -emission (3d rarr 2p) Those
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 65
EELS and SXES results suggest that the amounts of valence electron of Al and Si atomic sites of Al53Si27Mn20
alloys are decreased only in the QC phase However Mn site does not change its valence electron charge
apparently in Am QC and Crystal phases It can be due to a localization of valence electrons of Mn atom
Chemical shifts of all constituent atoms for Am QC and Cryst phases of Al53Si27Mn20 alloys were examined first
time by EELS and SXES These results clearly presented that a chemical shift is characteristic for QC phase It
should be also noted that only Al and Si atoms of Al53Si27Mn20 change those valence electron states in QC phase
Experimental results of EELS and SXES on 10-Al12Re and 11-Al73Re17Si10 approximant crystals and Al-TM
alloys will be also presented
References
[1] D Schechtman et al Phys Rev Lett 53 1951 (1984)
[2] M Terauchi et al Phil Mag 87 2947 (2007)
[3] K Kirihara et al Phys Rev B 64 212201 (2001)
[4] M Tanaka et al Microsc Microanal 8 (Suppl 2) 68 (2002)
[5] M Terauchi et al Microsc Microanal 13 (Suppl 2) 166 (2007)
Po-12
Comparison of membrane physical property changes between DMPC
membrane and DMPE membrane induced by melittin
Atsuji Kodama
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Melittin an amphipathic peptide composed of 26 amino acid residues from honeybee venom is
widely used as a model of membrane protein in the study of lipid-protein interaction in
biomembranes In this study interaction of melittin with DMPC membranes and DMPE membranes
were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and fluorescent spectrometry with an
environment sensitive fluorescent dye Laurdan and tryptophan (Trp) residue in melittin In DSC
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
66 |
study the main phase transition peak of DMPC became broader gradually with increasing of
melittin On the other hand such a transition peak behavior was not observed in DMPE
thermograms In the fluorescent study with Laurdan Generalized Polarization (GP) was calculated
from I440 and I490 of Laurdan emission spectra Around phase transition temperature GP value for
DMPE changed drastically in the presence of melittin compared with in the absence of melittin It
indicated that melittin disturbed infiltration of water molecules into the lipid glycerol backbone
regions Contrary to DMPE temperature region of GP value change for DMPC became broader with
increasing of melittin It related to the reduction of transition cooperativity In the tryptophan
fluorescent study λmax was shorter than the system without lipids through the all temperature
regions at all mole fractions of melittin in DMPC systems In DMPEMelittin systems λmax was
longer than DMPCMelittin systems The results showed that melittin was in the hydrophobic
environment in DMPCMelittin systems On the other hand melittin was in hydrophilic
environment in DMPEMelittin systems These results indicated that melittin located in DMPC
membrane and on DMPE membrane surface From the GP value the glycerol backbone regions of DMPE
membranes have higher packing compared with DMPC one It indicated that the higher packing of DMPE
possibly disturbed penetration of melittin
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 67
Po-13
Resonant x-ray scattering experiment on Pr(Ru1-xRhx)4P12
Kotaro Saito
Dept of Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
68 |
Po-14
Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Anti-neutrinos travel from the Earthrsquos interior due to beta decays of mainly three isotopes 238
U 232
Th and 40
K
The study of geo-neutrinos was performed using 207659-day data taken with KamLAND which is the
anti-neutrino detector contained 1000 tons of liquid scintillator (LS) The data includes 58603-day data since the
LS purification was started
The LS purification is distillation and N2 purge for LS and was performed to reduce low energy backgrounds
such as 85
Kr 210
Bi and 210
Po These isotopes were reduced by ~ 185000 ~ 12100 and ~ 116 respectively While
the LS purification reduced backgrounds it caused the decrease of light yield by ~ 20 and following the deviation
of the position and time dependence Energy and its deviation are corrected using calibration and spallation data
before the geo-neutrino analysis
Anti-neutrinos are extracted from data using the likelihood selection based on the probability density function of
anti-neutrinos and accidental backgrounds depending on those rate to use low energy region and outer volume with
many accidental backgrounds The number of anti-neutrino candidates is 2043 events
The main backgrounds for geo-neutrinos are reactor neutrinos and 13
C(alpha n)16
O reaction The latter is reduced
by ~ 116 after the LS purification due to the reduction of the main alpha source 210
Po The number of total
backgrounds is estimated to be 20158 events
The expected number of geo-neutrinos is calculated using the reference Earth model based on
seismology petrology and the BSE model It is 976 events The Rate + Shape + Time analysis was
performed using these results The best-fit of geo-neutrinos is 860plusmn279 267 (32 accuracy) and does
not conflict with the expectation Zero geo-neutrinos are excluded at 34σ(9993) From the
estimated geo-neutrino flux and the model the upper limits of radiogenic heat from U and Th and
their mass in the mantle are 30 TW and 59x1017 kg at 90 CL This result excludes the
fully-radiogenic models of 37 TW and 44 TW at 976 and 996 CL respectively
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 69
Po-15
Pressure dependence of B-T phase diagram in
heavy-fermion superconductor CeRhSi3
Tetsuya Sugawara(D2) Noriaki Kimura(Assis Prof) and Haruyoshi Aoki(Prof)
Department of Physics Tohoku University
CeRhSi3 is a noncentrosymmetric heavy-fermion pressure-induced superconductor discovered in 2005 by N
Kimura et al [1] Its crystal structure lacks an inversion center which is characteristic of this compound as shown
in the inset of Fig 1 The superconductivity emerges above 02GPa although the antiferromagnetic order persists
up to 24GPa Therefore CeRhSi3 can provide two fascinating aspects of the superconductivity namely
noncentrosymmetric and heavy-fermion superconductivity
We reported the temperature dependence of the upper-critical-field Bc2(T) along the tetragonal c-axis of CeRhSi3
and the existence of a bend on the Bc2(T)-curve at the last forum To elucidate the nature of the bend we have
performed the precise measurement of the electrical resistivity at several pressures Figure 2 shows the resultant
Bc2(T)-curves of CeRhSi3 We found the bend appears at 24GPa at which the antiferromagnetic ordering
disappers at zero field This fact suggests that the bend is associated with the magnetism
At the forum we will also report the pressure dependence of other superconducting parameters and discuss the
nature of the bend
Reference
[1]N Kimura et al Phys Rev Lett 95 (2005) 247004
Fig 1 Crystal structure and T-P phase diagram
of CeRhSi3
Fig 2 Pressure dependence of the Bc2(T)-curve
of CeRhSi3
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
70 |
Po-16
Neutral meson photoproduction with electromagnetic calorimeter
complex FOREST
Koutaku Suzuki
Physics D3 Tohoku University
We have been studying hadron properties via the π0 and η photoproduction reactions at Research Center for
Electron Photon Science Tohoku University Recently we observed a narrow baryon resonance at Eγ ~ 1020
MeV in the γ d rarr η n p reaction The resonance seems to show up in the γ n rarr η n reaction since no signal has
been observed so far in the γ p rarr η p reaction at the same energy region
To investigate the resonance in more detail we developed a large solid angle electro-magnetic calorimeter
system FOREST It consists of three types of electromagnetic calorimeters and three plastic scintillator hodoscopes
One calorimeter located in a forward angular region is made up with 192 pure CsI crystals the second one covering
the polar angle from 30degto 100degcomprises 252 lead scintillating fiber blocks and the remaining calorimeter are
built with 36 lead glass Cherenkov counters The energy resolutions of pure CsI crystals lead scintillating fiber
blocks and lead glass Cherenkov counters are 21 72 and 49 respectively for 10 GeV electrons The
plastic scintillator hodoscopes are placed in front of these calorimeters to distinguish a particle being charged or
neutral FOREST covers the solid angle of about 90 in total
Experiments for π0 and η photoproduction reactions have been performed with FOREST The current status and
analysis of the experiments will be introduced
Po-17
Micro-photoluminescence around spin phase transition of ν=23
fractional quantum Hall regime
J HayakawaAK Muraki
BG YusaA
ADepartment of Physics Tohoku University
BNTT Basic Research Laboratories NTT Corporation
We have been interested in Landau level filling factor ν=23 fractional quantum Hall(FQH) regime because of
their interesting feature The spin degrees of freedom of electrons play an important role in this system That is
because the competition between Coulomb energy and Zeeman energy defines the ground state There are two
possible ground states unpolarized and fully polarized states A spin phase transition between these two states
occurs therefore domain formation with two polarizations is expected at certain magnetic field and carrier density
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 71
But actual size and shape of domains have not observed Moreover the dynamics of domains related to electric
current or nuclear spin polarization has been unveiled yet In contrast with standard transport measurement optical
measurement can reveal local configurations of electron spin Therefore we aim for direct observation of spin
domains at ν=23 by optical techniques
In our previous work we have measured circularly polarized photoluminescence from semiconductor quantum
well in the FQH regime at ν=23 We have found the peak intensity of singlet charged exciton tends to increase up
to transition point and it tends to decrease beyond this point by decreasing electron density On the other hand the
peak intensity of triplet charged exciton tends to monotonically increase by decreasing electron density Thus the
peak intensity of charged excitons can be used as a probe to detect local spin polarization
In order to acquire the image of spin domains we developed a scanning optical microscope in a dilution
refrigerator We illuminate samples with a laser through a square core multimode fiber to obtain a uniform electron
density over the sample Photoluminescence is collected by two polarization-maintaining fibers through circular
polarizer consisted of a quarter waveplate and a polarization beam splitter In this arrangement the core of the fiber
functions as a pinhole The sample is scanned by piezo-stage This experimental set-up will enable us to directly
observe the spin domains with micron order spatial resolution
Po-18
Ionic conductivity of Trehalose-Water-Lithium iodide mixture in glass
and supercooled liquid state
Reiji Takekawa
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Compound in the glassy state a certain kind of systems have ionic conductivity and the other donrsquot have ionic
conductivity in glassy ionic compound The former is decouple to glass framework and ion and latter is couple
That is beneficial to studying characteristic of glass transition in both system for principle and search higher
conductivity electrolyte Usually ldquocouplingrdquo sample and ldquodecouplingrdquo sample is another composed system Thus
that shouldnrsquot be studied details how to change between coupling glass to decoupling glass In this work search
systems which change coupling glass to decoupling glass with the different molar ration
In the previous study LiI-6H2O is good glass former and glass transition temperature Tg is -130 Glass
framework is hydrogen band network and lithium ion that coupled strongly To change decouple system I add
disaccharide Trehalose In general sugar group can make good stable glass Stabling glassy state and upper Tg
super cooled liquid state is important to some measuring in this case Thus I measured three component
trehalose-H2O-LiI systems In this system there is wide glass transition compound region
Result of Tg measurement by DSC Tg become higher increase with trehalose ratio Tg is 20 which ratio is
58 328 614 (trehalose-H2O-LiI molar ratio) I Compare conductivity at the glass transition temperature that
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
72 |
with LiI-6H2O (143 857) samples former is 5 order higher than latter The large increase suggest mobility
increase and changing coupling to decoupling system Consequently trehalose-H2O-LiI system is suitable to study
detail of coupling glass and decoupling glass
Po-19
Progress of the new DAQ system for wide-band solar neutrino
observation with KamLAND
Takemoto Yasuhiro
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Precise measurement of fluxes of solar neutrinos could examine validity of Standard Solar Model With
KamLAND previous efforts on solar neutrino observation focused on individual kind of those eg 8B
7Be
neutrinos Observation of those neutrinos was enabled by ultra-pure liquid scintillator which was even more
purified in these several years
However there still exist two major sources of backgrounds which are difficult to remove with current
electronics One source is a long-lived isotope eg 11
C 10
C which is produced in cosmic muon induced spallation
A huge muon is followed by high-rate events (up to several hundred events within one millisecond) including
neutrons which are byproducts of spallation isotopes Since decay of a spallation isotope comes too late to be told
as it detection of the neutrons which have space correlation with the isotope is necessary for identifying the
isotope and to extract neutrino signals from backgrounds Dead time of current DAQ electronics makes it difficult
to detect all of these neutrons which prevents us from salvaging neutrino events The other source of backgrounds
is residual radioactive impurity A part of decays of 85
Kr one of radioactive impurities is observed as two signals
but the first signal is too small to be triggered
My colleagues and I have been developed new electronics which consist of DAQ electronics which are free
from dead time within such event rate and intelligent trigger electronics which utilize the huge buffers inside the
DAQ electronics
At the present moment production assessment and installation of the electronics have accomplished And I
report here recent progress including installation in-situ tuning of on-board signal processing logic and of DAQ
software and future prospects of this project
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 73
Po-20
Double Chooz PMT preparation
TABATA Hiroshi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Double Chooz experiment is a reactor neutrino experiment searching for last undefined neutrino mixing angle
θ13
The most stringent constraint on the third mixing angle comes from the CHOOZ reactor neutrino experiment as
sin2(2θ13)lt02 Double Chooz will explore the range of sin
2(2θ13) with a sensitivity down to 003-002 within three
years of data taking The improvement of the CHOOZ result requires an increase in the statistics a reduction of the
systematic error below one percent and a careful control of the backgrounds Therefore Double Chooz will use
two identical detectors one at 400 m (near detector ) and another at 105 km from the Chooz nuclear cores
The plan is to start operation in middle of 2010 with the far detector
Main responsibility of Japanese group is photomultiplier tube (PMT) system Double Chooz uses 390 PMTs for
each detector We developed and purchased PMTs After some testing we finished 390 PMTs installation of far
detector in December 2009 This poster shows a state of PMT preparation
Po-21
Effects of lanthanoid ion on phosphate head groups in DMPC
membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures
Kouya Tamatsukuri1 (D3) Tetsuhiko Ohba
1 Gen Sazaki
2 Kazuo Ohki
1
1Department of Physics Tohoku University Sendai Japan
2Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Sendai Japan
Based on many solid-state NMR studies it is generally supposed that phospholipids become orientated in an
applied static magnetic field due to the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility which arises mainly from their
fatty acyl chains For phospholipids is generally negative and its exact value depends on the molecular structure
so lipids tend to orient perpendicular to the field 12-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and
12-dihexanoyl-sn-glycero-3- phosphatidylcholine (DHPC) mixtures are generally assumed to consist of disklike
micelles often called bicelles which align in magnetic fields with the bilayer normal perpendicular to the fields
direction due to negative of lipids However in addition of some trivalent lanthanoid ions such as Eu3+
Er3+
Yb3+
and Tm3+
which have a positive magnetic anisotropy it was reported to orient bicelles such that their normal
is parallel to the fields by NMR measurements On the other hands it was reported that cations including
lanthanoid ions induce the conformation change of the polar head group of lipids too So we investigated the
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
74 |
effects of lanthanoids ion Eu3+
on phosphate head groups of DMPC membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures in the
absence of magnetic fields by fluorescence spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry and compared with
the results of NMR measurements
Po-22
Status of double beta decay experiment with KamLAND
Azusa Terashima
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Neutrinoless double beta decay predicted by Furry in 1938 and described by the process A(Z) -gt A(Z+2) + 2e- is
extremely rare process yet observed in nature This remarkable decay that violates the lepton number conservation
demands two characteristic neutrino properties One is that neutrinos have non-zero mass and another one is they
are Majorana particles
Although rare decay rate (half-life gt 1020
yr) make experiment difficult which requires very low background and
large volume this decay is very interested in since it will tell us the nature of neutrinos (DiracMajorana) its
effective mass via its half-life and neutrino mass hierarchy
The Kamioka Liquid scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector (KamLAND) is low energy neutrino detector with 1000
ton s of highly purified liquid scintillator (LS) located on the former Kamiokande experiment site in Japan at a
depth of ~2700 m water equivalent
Utilizing KamLAND clean environment and its large volume of liquid scintillator we will search the
neutrinoless double beta decay with 90 enriched 400kg of 136
Xe nuclei at 1st phase started in 2011
With a little improvement of the detector and Xe loaded into the liquid scintillator KamLAND aims to understand
the nature of neutrinos The status and development of this experiment will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 75
Po-23
Simulations on Dynamics of Wormlike Micellar System
Using Particle-Field Hybrid Models
Masatoshi Toda
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Surfactant molecules eg cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) self-assemble reversibly into long and
flexible micelles in the presence of certain salts eg sodium salicylate (NaSal) [1] Such micelles are generally
called ldquowormlike micellesrdquo or ldquoliving polymersrdquo and known to show pronounced viscoelastic properties due to the
relaxation of intermicellar entanglements For example in the linear viscoelastic regime they can show the
exponential relaxation characterized by the single relaxation time [2] This behavior is very different from that of
entangled polymeric systems which have a broad spectrum of the entanglement relaxation modes In a steady shear
flow (nonlinear regime) they can also show shear-induced phase separations called ldquoshear bandingrdquo [3] The
detailed molecular origins of these interesting rheological properties have not yet been understood
In order to investigate rheological properties of wormlike micellar systems we propose particle-field hybrid
models which treat wormlike micellar chains as discrete particles and a solvent part as a continuous field The
method will enable us to simulate large-scale systems more efficiently than conventional particle-based methods
eg Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) [4]
We will report details of our models and several results by computer simulations on the models
References
[1] I W Hamley Introduction to Soft Matter (Wiley 2007)
[2] T Shikata H Hirata T Kotaka Langmuir 3 1081 (1987) 4 354 (1988) 5 398 (1989)
[3] M E Cates S M Fielding Adv Phys 55 799 (2006)
[4] P J Hoogerbrugge J M V A Koelman Europhys Lett 19 155 (1992)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
76 |
Po-24
Magneto-dielectric phenomena in charge ordered system
with frustrated geometrical lattice
Makoto Naka (D2) Sumio Ishihara
Physics Tohoku University
Electronic ferroelectricity is known as phenomenon where electric polarization is attributed to the charge order
without inversion symmetry This is seen in some transition metal oxides eg RFe2O4 (R is a rare earth ion) and
charge-transfer organic salts In LuFe2O4 magneto-dielectric phenomena such as increasing of electric polarization
around magnetic ordering temperature observed and are investigated experimentally and theoretically [1] Quasi
2- -(ET)2Cu2(CN)3 -ET salts of which two ET molecules construct a
dimerized pair and are located on a triangular lattice These compounds are known as a so-called dimer-Mott
insulator because one hole exists in each dimer Because of nearly isotropic triangular lattice and the geometrical
frustration novel spin liquid state is expected to appear Recently it is reported that the increase of dielectric
constant is experimentally observed below 60K This indicates the presence of ferro (or anti-ferro) electric
transition The electric polarization is thought to be generated by a localized hole in one side of ET molecules in
dimers [2]
We present a theory of magneto-dielectric phenomena in electronic ferroelectricity in RFe2O4 -ET salt
-ET salts we treat an electric dipole as a pseudo spin and derive the effective model
Hamiltonian where the inter-dimer transfer integrals and the Coulomb interactions are introduced in a triangular
lattice We analyze this model by utilizing the mean-field approximation and the classical Monte-Carlo simulation
We found that the magnetodielectric phenomena originate from spin-charge coupling and geometrical frustration
We also suggest that charge degree of freedom controls the magnetic ordered and disordered states
References
[1] M Naka A Nagano and S Ishihara Phys Rev B 77 224441 (2008)
[2] T Sasaki et al (unpublished)
[3] M Naka and S Ishihara (in preparation)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 77
Po-25
Pi-mesonic decays of Λ hypernuclei
Yoji Nakagawa
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
78 |
Po-26
Axionic Mirage Mediation
Shuntaro Nakamura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Although the mirage mediation is one of the most plausible mediation mechanisms of supersymmetry
breaking it suffers from two crucial problems One is the muB mu-problem and the second is the cosmological
one The former stems from the fact that the B parameter tends to be comparable with the gravitino mass which is
two order of magnitude larger than the other soft masses The latter problem is caused by the decay of the modulus
whose branching ratio into the gravitino pair is sizable In this talk we propose a model of mirage mediation in
which Peccei-Quinn symmetry is incorporated
In this axionic mirage mediation it is shown that the Peccei-Quinn symmetry breaking scale is dynamically
determined around 10^10 GeV to 10^12 GeV due to the supersymmetry breaking effects and the
mu-problem can be solved naturally Furthermore in our model the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) is the
axino that is the superpartner of the axion The overabundance of the LSPs due to decays of modulusgravitino
which is the most serious cosmological difficulty in the mirage mediation can be avoided if the axino is
sufficiently light The next-LSPs (NLSPs) produced by the gravitino eventually decay into the axino LSPs yielding
the dominant component of the axinos remaining today It is shown that the axino with the mass of O(100) MeV is
naturally realized which can constitute the dark matter of the Universe with the free-streaming length of the order
of 01 Mpc The saxion the real scalar component of the axion supermultiplet can also be cosmologically harmless
due to the dilution of the modulus decay The lifetime of NLSP is relatively long but much shorter than 1 sec
when the big-bang nucleosynthesis commences The decay of NLSP would provide intriguing collider signatures
Po-27
The Study of the Origin of Lyman alpha Emitters
with Large Equivalent Widths
Yuki Nakamura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Through the last decade searches for high-redshift Lyman alpha emitters (LAE) by narrow-band imaging have
been conducted extensively In these surveys the LAEs with very large equivalent width (EW) are studied with
much interest (egMalhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Fujita et al 2003 Hu et al 2004 Dawson et al 2004 Saito et al
2006 Shimasaku et al 2006 Gronwall et al 2007 Ouchi et al 2008 Nilsson et al 2009) as they may be related
with extremely young or metal-poor stars or any other signatures of he very early phase of galaxy formation
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 79
(Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Schaerer 2003) Among the LAEs identified by spectroscopic observation 10-40 have
the large rest-frame equivalent width EW0≦240Å at z=31 (Ouchi et al 2008)
What are the origins of these large EW objects More than a few ideas have been discussed such as
photoionization by extremely hot stars cooling radiation from gravitationally heated gas in the collapsed halos
(Steidel et al 2000 Haiman et al 2000 Fardal et al 2001 Yang et al 2006) or shock heating by starburst-driven
galactic wind (Taniguchi amp Shioya 2000 Taniguchi et al 2001 Ohyama et al 2003 Wilman et al 2005) The
effects of HI scattering and dust absorption should also be considered properly in the models
For the case of photoionization by massive stars it is difficult to reproduce Lyman alpha emission larger than
EW0≦240Å by the simple models with constant continuous star-formation rate at the equilibrium phase when the
numbers of ionizing photons become constantly (Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002) Models with top heavy initial mass
function or very metal-poor stars can reproduce EW larger than ~300Å if the age of star formation is younger than
a fewtimes106 yr With the solar metallicity models with Salpeter IMF are difficult to reproduce such large EW even
much younger age less than 1 Myr (Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Scaerar 2003) In the most extreme case very high
EW objects (gt500Å) are hard to explain without primordial stars with the metallicity less than 10-5
(eg Malhotra
amp Rhoads 2002 Dijkstra amp Wyithe 2007) It would be even possible to detect signatures of population III (POPIII)
metal-free stars among the extremely large EW LAEs
We present the properties of large EW Lyman-alpha emitters in the high-density region at z=31 in and around
the SSA22 fields (Steidel et al 1998 1999 2000 Hayashino et al 2004 Matsuda et al 2004) We have expanded
the previous narrow-band survey using Sprime-Cam equipped with 82m Subaru Telescope to cover in total of
~14deg2 area (Yamada et al in prep) More than 1400 LAEs down to L~167times10
42 erg s
-1 were detected We focus
on the equivalent width distributions of these LAEs to characterize the high density region of LAEs where galaxy
formation seems to occur preferentially at the epoch
Po-28
Ultrafast broadband THz response of photo-induced metallic state
in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF )2I3
H Nakaya1 Y Takahashi
1 S Iwai
12 K Yamamoto
3 K Yakushi
3 and S Saito
4
1 Department of Physics Tohoku University Sendai 980-8578 Japan
2 JST-CREST Sendai 980-8578 Japan
3 Institute for Molecular Science Okazaki 444-8585 Japan
4 Institute of Information and Communications Technology Kobe 651-2492 Japan
Photo-induced insulator to metal transition in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF)2I3
(BEDT-TTF[bis(ethylenedithio)]tetrathiafulvalene) has been investigated using mid-IR pump-probe [1-3] and
near-IR pump-terahertz(THz) probe spectroscopy [4] However the measurement range of THz spectroscopy was
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
80 |
very narrow (2-11 meV) In this study spectral range was extended to 2-36 meV (05-9 THz)
Figure 1 shows that transient absorption (OD) spectra observed for excitation intensity (089 eV 001 mJcm2)
at 124 K OD spectrum at 08 ps has a broad absorption increase exhibiting generation of the metallic state
Moreover marked change of the phonon structure at 16 meV (arrow) was detected immediately after excitation We
will discuss the low energy carrier and lattice dynamics based on the time evolution of the broad THz spectrum
[1] Iwai et al Phys Rev Lett 98 097402 (2007)
[2] Iwai et al Phys Rev B 77 125131 (2008)
[3] Yamamoto et al J Phys Soc Jpn 77 074709(2008)
[4] Nakaya et alUltrafast Phenomena XVI 173 (2008)
Po-29
Ring-Exchange interaction in Orbital Degenerate System
J Nasu (D2) S Ishihara
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Orbital degree of freedom is one of the recent attractive themes in transition-metal oxides In contrast to the spin
degree of freedom the inter-site interaction between the orbitals is anisotropic in the real space As a result a kind
of frustration termed orbital frustration is brought about A doubly degenerate eg orbital are represented by the
pseudo-spin (PS) operator T and the orbital interaction is described by the nearest neighbor (NN) exchange
interaction between PSs Due to the orbital frustration there is a macroscopic number of degeneracy in the classical
ground state This degeneracy is lifted by the thermal and quantum fluctuations This is known to be the so-called
ldquoorder by fluctuationrdquo mechanism However the NN interaction based on the perturbation with respect to the
electron transfer is not sufficient in the system which is close to the metal-insulator transition
In this study we examine the ring-exchange interaction in the orbital degenerate system with strong electron
correlation First we derive the effective Hamiltonian from the two-orbital Hubbard model by the perturbational
processes up to the order of (tU)4 where t is hopping integral of an electron and U is inter-orbital Coulomb
interaction on the same site This effective Hamiltonian has not only an interaction between NN PSs but also the
ring-exchange interaction It is worth to note this ring-exchange term includes the octupole operator Ty which does
not appear in the conventional effective Hamiltonian for orbital We analyze this model by the classical
Figure 1 Transient absorption (ΔOD)
spectra observed for excitation intensity
001 mJcm2 at 124 K
0 10 20 30
0
05
1
Fig1 Transient absorption (ΔOD) spectra observed for excitation intensity 001 mJcm2 at 124 K The solid and dashed curve indicate 08 and 25 ps after excitation
124 K
08 ps
Photon Energy (meV)
ΔO
D
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 81
Monte-Carlo method and obtain the phase diagram as functions of temperature and tU In small tU region the
antiferro-type quadrupole (AFQ) order is realized by the thermal fluctuation We find that the canted quadrupole
order is stabilized by the ring-exchange interaction The octupole order appears in large tU region Next to clarify
the quantum effect on the ring-exchange interaction we analyze this model by the Bethe approximation the exact
diagonalization method and the spin-wave approximation We reproduce the AFQ order the canted quadrupole
order and the octupole order In the large tU region we find the quantum para-orbital state which is also confirmed
by the spin-wave approximation
This work is financially supported by Tohoku University Global COE program
Po-30
Shape Memory Effect Induced by Magnetic-Field Rotation
in MnV2O4 Spinel Compound
Yoichi Nii
Physics D1 Tohoku University
In transition metal oxides the orbital degree of freedom plays an important role in their physical phenomena
Spinel compounds are one of the typical systems to study the orbital physics in which the orbital state often gives
rise to much more interesting properties through a possible coupling with both lattice and spin degrees of freedom
MnV2O4 is a representative spinel compound where the orbital-spin coupling is predicted to exist in the nearly
triply degenerate t2g orbital at V3+
sites In this compound a structural phase transition from cubic to tetragonal
(agtc) occurs at Ts = 57K accompanying a ferrimagnetic transition [1] Even above Ts the structural phase
transition can also be induced by the application of a magnetic field via the spin-orbit coupling Below Ts the
tetragonal domain can be aligned by a magnetic field [1] In this research the distribution of the cubic and the three
types of tetragonal domains (c[100]cubic [010]cubic [001]cubic) has been controlled by the combination of
magnetic-field sweep and rotation By rotating the magnetic field from [100]c to [010]c below Ts a single
tetragonal-domain state with c[100]cubic successfully switched to another single-domain state with c[010]cubic By
oscillating the magnetic field direction between [100]cubic to [010]cubic the system showed a strain-angle hysteresis
loop In addition a multi-domain state of these two tetragonal domains is also obtained in a tetragonal phase
induced by a magnetic field along [110]cubic at 57K Combining these processes a magnetic-field induced shape
memory effect without temperature variation has been successfully demonstrated
[1] T Suzuki K Katsumura K Taniguchi T Arima and T Katsufuji Phys Rev Lett 98 127203 (2007)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
82 |
Po-31
The ω meson photoproduction on the nucleon in the threshold region
Ryo HASHIMOTO
Physics D3 Tohoku University
The ω meson is one of the vector meson its spin parity is 1―
Studying near-threshold ω- meson
photoproduction is interesting theme to search for new baryon resonance states Recently the CLAS
collaboration reported that a missing baryon state JP = 52
+ contributes to ω- photoproduction around incident
photon energy of 2 GeV Paying attention to other vector meson production near threshold region the anomaly
of the cross section near threshold region is observed for φ-photoproduction by the CLAS collaboration A local
maximum appeared around Eγ = 2 GeV It is interesting that such a local peak is observed or not observed for
ω- photoproduction The detailed cross section data is needed for these investigations Currently there are a few
data of ω-photoproduction cross section We measure it from threshold up to 1145 MeV
We have already done some experiments with 4π EM calorimeter complex FOREST at Gev-γ experimental hall
in Laboratory of Nuclear Science (now Research Center of electron Photon Science) 750 ndash 1150 MeV
bremsstrahlung photon is exposed to a cryogenic liquid H2D2 target We detect 3 photons decayed from ω meson
generated in the reaction of γN rarrωN ω rarr π0γ rarr 3γ and measure their energy and out-going direction for
reconstruct an invariant mass In a π0γ invariant mass distribution we can find an ω meson peak clearly
The invariant mass of π0γ
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 83
P0-32
Prototype fast imaging detector for YN-scattering
Ryotaro Honda
Physics M1Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
84 |
Po-33
Ground state phase diagram of graphene in a high Landau level
A density matrix renormalization group study
Tatsuya Higashi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 85
Po-34
Investigation of the n ( K0) reaction near the threshold
KFutatsukawa for the NKS2 collaboration D3
Department of Physics Tohoku University Japan
Kaon photoproductions play an important role in the investigation of meson-baryon coupling the structure of
hadrons and search for missing resonances The n ( K0 is a unique process and a key for the investigation on
kaon photoproductions The reactions are (1) since no charge is involved in the initial and final state the t-channel
Born term doesnrsquot contribute (2) since it is the mirror channel of p ( K reaction the coupling constant of the 0
exchange in u-channel change its opposite sign
Therefore we have constructed the Neutral Kaon Spectrometer (NKS2) at the Laboratory of Nuclear Science
Tohoku University (LNS-Tohoku) which can provide tagged photons near the threshold of this reaction NKS2
consists of a dipole magnet with 042 Tesla at the center and TOF counters two types of drift chambers The target
is a liquid deuterium for the investigation into the elementary process of the n ( K0 reaction The acceptance of
NKS2 covers the very forward region making it possible to measure much larger kinematical region for K0 and to
provide the angular distribution for the comparison of the theoretical calculations NKS2 has the large acceptance
against not only +
- decay mode from K
0 but also p
- decay mode from It makes possible to measure the K
0
coincidence events Thus we can provide the cross sections of not only the single K0 events but also the K
0
coincidence events
We will present the performance of NKS2 in detail and preliminary results of the K0 coincidence events in this
contribution
Po-35
Traffic flow of two lanes with a bottleneck
Sho Furuhashi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Traffic jam is an important problem because it gives the society heavy economic losses In order to untie it we
have to understand traffic currents on road networks Many people have studied traffic currents on road networks
with models There are many models which represent traffic currents Cellular automaton (CA) model is a simple
model of them On a one dimensional lane a fundamental diagram of this model a relation between traffic flow
and vehicle density shows a similar characteristic of actual observed traffic currents Because of this similarity it is
a simple way to use CA model on road networks But road networks are more complex than one dimensional lanes
We have a question whether CA model is suitable for road networks or not
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
86 |
A road network is drawn by representing an intersection as a node and a road as a link When we think the traffic
currents of road networks intersections have important effects At an intersection cars on a lane block cars on the
other lanes So an intersection is recognized as a bottleneck Road network consists of bottlenecks We have to
research the effects of bottlenecks to understand the traffic currents of road networks
We study a traffic current of a simple bottleneck It is a two-lane circuit a part of which is one lane In this
system cyclic changes of the passing direction are observed Many people have studied this system with CA model
and got some results But they have not compared the traffic current of CA model on this system with an actual
traffic current So we do this comparison and check the utility of this model If this utility is confirmed it is a
proper way to use this model on road networks
Actual traffic currents were recorded at two points a corner of a road surrounding the Sendai Castle and the
Ryuujin Bridge near Kurogami Campus of Kumamoto University with a video camera The number of lanes is
reduced from two to one at these points We compared these records with the current of CA model by using a
distribution and a cycle correlation of the number of passing cars in a cycle of changes of the passing direction
The results are as follows Their distributions are exponential distributions They show no cycle correlation
From these results we can say that they are under Poisson Process and CA model reproduces an actual traffic
current
However a problem is left It is whether we can get same result in larger traffic volume or not To say that CA
model is suitable for the traffic current on road networks we have to confirm that we get same result regardless of
traffic volume This is an issue which remains to be solved
Po-36
Staggered Order with Kondo and Crystalline Field Singlets
in f2 System
Shintaro Hoshino Junya Otsuki and Yoshio Kuramoto
Department of Physics Tohoku University
With two localized f-electrons per site as in the case with Pr and U compounds the ground state of a solid can
be a collection of crystalline electric field (CEF) singlets plus the Fermi sea of conduction electrons If the
f-electrons interact strongly with conduction electrons the ground state can also be a collective Kondo singlet
Competition between these two singlets may give rise to rich physics with exotic ordered phases We propose a
novel staggered order of these two kinds of singlets by using a model with CEF singlet-triplet states and conduction
electrons which are connected together by the Kondo coupling We have performed highly accurate numerical
calculations using the dynamical mean-field theory combined with the continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo
method With one conduction electron per site we have found a metal-insulator transition temperature below which
the staggered singlet order emerges
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 87
The figure shows the local density of states in the ordered phase It shows a peak below the Fermi level at a
sublattice for Kondo singlet and a vacant peak at another sublattice for CEF singlet This indicates that the
conduction electrons gather at the Kondo singlet site in order to screen localized moments These two peaks add up
to a double peaked structure as in Kondo insulators We discuss possible relevance of the results to understanding
actual systems such as PrFe4P12 and URu2Si2
Figure Local density of states at the (a) Kondo singlet site and (b) CEF singlet site The band width of conduction
electrons is given by 2D
Po-37
Proton elastic scattering of 9C at 290 MeV
Yohei Matsuda
Physics Assistant professor Tohoku University
In order to understand nuclear properties it is important to get information on various shapes of unstable nuclei
as density distributions Therefore it has been expected to measure proton elastic scattering on unstable nuclei at
intermediate energies In particular the incident energies around 300 MeVnucleon are the most suitable because
the proton has the longest mean free path in nuclei For several years we have been developing an apparatus that
consists of beam detectors a solid hydrogen target and recoil proton detectors And we performed these
experiments which were the first at the energy region at the HIMAC facility in the NIRS
As for these experiments we focused on isotopes of carbon because the mass number varies widely from 9 to 22
and density distributions are different dramatically Among these 9C has two characteristics because of its small
proton separation energy (13 MeV) and no bound excited state One is a candidate of a proton halo nucleus and the
other is an experimental advantage that it is possible to separate elastic scattering events from inelastic scattering
events by charge identification of scattering particles Then we chose 9C as the first object
The differential cross section for 9C at 290 MeV is obtained in the momentum transfer region of 1 to 2 fm
-1 The
absolute value is determined by measuring proton elastic and inelastic scattering to the first 2+ excited state of
12C
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
88 |
at 410 MeVnucleon Error bars include systematic and statistical errors and the latter mainly contribute to the
uncertainty Compared with 12
C data the angular distribution does not show a clear diffraction minimum
In the present study the angular distribution is compared with microscopic model calculations Optical model
description is performed with the RIA and the G-matrix approximation Description of nuclear structure is done
with the RMF and the AMD The unclear diffraction minimum is comparatively reproduced by the RMF It is
considered that this reproduction is derived from that the tail of the proton distribution grows longer than that of the
AMD result Though more detailed discussion could be done in comparison with more backscattering data a lack
of data and an inaccurateness of nuclear reaction models at the angle make it difficult In future it is desired to
improve these two points
Po-38
High Resolution and High Statistics Λ Hypernuclear Spectroscopy
by the (e ersquoK+) Reaction
Akihiko Matsumura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Λ hypernuclear spectroscopy by the (eersquoK+) reaction is a powerful tool to investigate ΛN interaction because
this reaction excites various states up to deep inside of hypernucleus and sub-MeV resolution can be achieved
thanks to the high quality primary electron beam from CEBAF at Jefferson laboratory (JLab) The second
generation hypernuclear spectroscopy at JLab Hall C E01-011 was successfully performed in the summer of 2005
introducing High resolution Kaon Spectrometer (HKS) and a new configuration for scattered electron spectrometer
These unique techniques significantly improved both energy resolution and hypernuclear tagging efficiency and we
succeeded to study various hypernuclei
12
ΛB precise p-shell hypernuclear structures were measured and the binding energy and cross section were
compared with the shell model calculation with DWIA
28
ΛAl The first hypernuclear spectroscopy beyond the p-shell by the (eersquoK+) reaction was executed and
major shell structures were observed The results were compared with the shell model calculation with DWIA
7ΛHe The first spectroscopic investigation of
7ΛHe which is one of the unique neutron rich hypernuclear by
(eersquoK+) reaction was carried out successfully The result provides new information on ΛΣ coupling and charge
symmetry breaking
with high resolution and sufficient statistics for the first time by this reaction The analysis is now in the final stage
and systematic errors of binding energy and cross section were estimated with a help of the detailed Monte Carlo
simulation The overview and the analysis result of E01-011 experiment will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 89
Po-39
External Gamma-ray Backgrounds of the KamLAND Detector
Yukie Minekawa
Physics D2 Tohoku University
The KamLAND detector is a scintillation detector for neutrino measurement located in the Kamioka mine It
consists of the inner detector with radius of 9 meters and the outer detector The inner detector has 1000 tons liquid
scintillator at the center and it is a detection part of neutrino events
The liquid scintillatior is surrounded by mountain rocks and the KamLAND components such as PMTs EVOH
films Kevlar strings stainless and so on They contain some amount of radioactive impurities Their radiations are
detected by KamLAND and are backgrounds of neutrino events Especially gamma rays are serious since they
travel long distance A lot of them are able to get into the liquid scintillator
It needs to estimate the amounts of these backgrounds and their position dependences in order to distinguish
neutrino events This requires simulations of radiations with the detector geometry considered
For these simulations geant4 a tool for particle simulations is used The radiations are generated from each
surroundings and their energy deposits are constructed as events detected in KamLAND Compared with
KamLAND data the amounts of the backgrounds from surroundings are be able to estimated Their position
dependences enable us to know the effects of them in the fiducial volume
Po-40
Higgs Triplet Model
Yusuke Motoki
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Standard Model (SM) of particle physics is one of the most successful theory Most of the collider
experiment result can be explained in the framework of the SM However in 1998 Super-Kamiokande
experiment discovered that the neutrinos have very small masses In the SM the neutrinos are massless
particles We must consider the new model which the neutrinos have masses In the Higgs Triplet Model (HTM)
which is simplest extension of SM a complex SU(2) triplet scalar field with the hypercharge Y = 2 is added to
SM Lagrangian in order to have the neutrino masses This model generates the Majorana neutrino masses via
the Yukawa couplings of the triplet scalar field Yukawa couplings of triplet scalar field product lepton flavor
violating decays and etc The decays are searched for at the B
factory
A distinctive point in the HTM is that doubly charged Higgs bosons exists The decays of this particles are
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
90 |
particular processes If doubly charged Higgs bosons mass is relatively light it will be produced at the CERN
Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
In this Poster Session Irsquod like to explain the relations between the HTM and collider experiments
Po-41
Electron diffraction study of the low temperature phase of
Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16
Daisuke Morikawa
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Recently the high quality single crystal of Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16 has been successfully made by
high-pressure synthesis and the metal-insulator transition keeping ferromagnetism was formed at 95K [1] This
phenomenon is very rare in the strongly-correlated electron materials The crystal structure of the low temperature
phase and the origin of the metal-insulator phase transition have been unclear yet The purpose of this study is to
examine the phase transition at the nano-scale area of K2Cr8O16 using Convergent-beam electron diffraction
(CBED) and Selected-area electron diffraction (SAED)
Single crystals of K2Cr8O16 were prepared by Mr Hasegawa and Prof Ueda ISSP University of Tokyo using
high-pressure synthesis The electron diffraction experiments were conducted using a JEM-2010FEF transmission
electron microscope equipped with an in-column omega-type energy filter Intensities of electron diffraction were
recorded on imaging plate The accelerating voltage of electron microscope was 100kV The electron diffraction
patterns were obtained at specimen temperature of 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Figure 1 shows energy-filtered CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
In this figure Zeroth order Laue zone (ZOLZ) reflections are shown It is clearly shown that the structure transition
is not occurred at low temperature phase The [001] [111] and [201] incidence SAED patterns were also taken and
shows no structure transition at low temperature
[1] K Hasegawa et al Phys Rev Lett 103 146403 (2009)
Figure 1 The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively Every patterns show m symmetry
and there no difference
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 91
Po-42
Light scattering by collective excitation of phonon
in quantum paraelectrics
Ryuta Takano
Physics D1 Tohoku University
SrTiO3 and KTaO3 are typical perovskite-type oxides The polarization arrangement in these materials is thought
to be disturbed by the zero point vibration though they have a ferroelectric phonon mode that softens at the Γ point
As a result they do not undergo a ferroelectric phase transition so these materials are often called Quantum
paraelectrics The normal phonon-phonon scattering where the momentum is conserved is thought to become
predominant at the Γ point due to the anharmonic interaction between the long wave-length phonons of the soft
transverse optic and the acoustic modes Gurevich and Tagantsev expected the existence of the second-sound wave
(compression wave of the phonon gas) from the above-mentioned speculation in SrTiO3 and KTaO3 [1] We have
observed a scattered peak that looked like the sound wave (which was called Broad doublet (BD)) at 30K or less in
SrTiO3 and at 20K or less in KTaO3 in our low frequency light scattering experiment [Figure 1] Since the origin of
the BD is still controversial it is important to understand more systematically the collective excitation of phonon
by the analysis on low frequency elementary excitation in quantum paraelectrics Therefore we aimed to
understand the temperature dependence of the relaxation times (τNτR) of the ldquoNormal processrdquo (in which the
momentum is preserved in the phonon-phonon scattering) and the ldquoResistive processrdquo (of considering all scattering
that contributes to dissipative energy transport by phonon and lattice imperfection or impurities) from the spectrum
analysis based on the extended thermodynamics [2]
Figure 2 shows the temperature dependences of τN and τR determined by fitting that uses the extended
thermodynamics The horizontal and vertical axes measure the temperature and the angular frequency respectively
Both axes are logarithmically scaled ω0 denotes the natural frequency of the second-sound wave The conclusion
from the analysis is as the followings
1 A narrow quasi-elastic scattering component in the high temperature region is a light scattering spectrum by
thermal diffusion It has been understood that the frequency of the resistive process falls when lowering the
temperature in SrTiO3 and this thermal diffusion mode (the second-sound wave that over dumped) shifts to the
second-sound wave (propagating mode)
2 It cannot be said that the phonon gas is in the state of the collective excitation in the observation scale of the
actual experiment It should be interpreted that the observed BD for KTaO3 only as the second order Raman
scattering involving pairs of individual phonons
[1] VLGurevich and AKTagantsev Sov Phys JETP 67 206 (1988)
[2] Djou JCasas-Vacuteazquez and GLebon Extended Irreversible thermodynamics (Springer 2001) 3rd ed
Figure The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Every patterns show m symmetry and there no difference
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
92 |
Figure 1 Light scattering spectrum of SrTiO3 and KTaO3 Figure 2 Temperature dependence of τN and τR
Po-43
Formation of the Milky Way Based on the Analysis of Kinematics and
Chemical Abundance of the Outer Halo Stars
Miho Ishigaki
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
How galaxies in the Universe came into existence remains one of the big questions in astronomy It is now
widely recognized that our own Milky Way (MW) Galaxy serves as a unique laboratory to examine mechanisms at
which our Galaxy as well as galaxies in general formed and evolved One important advantage of studying our
Galaxy is that because of its proximity one can measure position velocity and chemical abundance of individual
stars in the solar neighborhood which can be used as a fossil record of the early Galaxy
As an attempt to constrain how our Galaxy formed we study chemical abundance of old stars whose orbits
reach the outer part of the Galactic stellar halo Because of their unusual orbital velocity these outer halo stars are
considered as possible candidates for debris of small galaxies that have been disrupted either partly or totally
during the course of accretion on to the MW in the past In the poster we present the results of our abundance
analysis for the sample of 57 outer halo stars using the data obtained with High-Dispersion Spectrograph mounted
on the Subaru telescope Our detailed abundance results for the key elements including Magnesium Calcium Iron
etc support the hypothesis that the certain fraction of the MW outer stellar halo have built up by accretions of
smaller galaxies as previously suggested from studies based on lower resolution spectral data
Figure The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Every patterns show m symmetry and there no difference
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 93
Po-44
Searching for Luminous Core-Collapsed Supernovae
in a High-z Proto-Cluster
Nana Morimoto
Astronomy D1 Tohoku University
It has been revealed that SSA22 region at redshift z=31 is an extremely high density region of LAEs (LyA
emitters) In addition to this star formation in this region is supposed to be biased to very large mass from the
evidence such as a large number of large LyA EW objects Therefore core-collapsed supernovae (SNe) of massive
stars are expected to occur frequently in this region While SNe has not been detected beyond zgt2 to date it is very
important not only to detect core-collapsed SNe at z=31 but also to obtain any useful information to understand
star formation in early universe So we estimated the expectation of observing core-collapsed SNe in SSA22 region
at z=31 based on our own sample of star-forming galaxies and carried out preliminary observations and data
analysis to search for variable objects to investigate the detectability of core-collapsed SNe at high-z by searching
for variability of LAEs in this region
Po-45
A Study of Light Curves from Rapidly Rotating Neutron Stars
Kazutoshi Numata
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
The launch of the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) brought many discoveries in the physics of neutron
stars Periodic millisecond X-ray oscillations have been detected in 22 accreting neutron stars in low-mass X-ray
binary systems (hereafter we refer to these accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar as AMXPs) Accretion-powered
millisecond oscillations have so far been detected in 10 AMXPs The oscillation can be always detected in 7
AMXPs of 10 AMXPs and 3 others can be detected intermittently
The light curves for X-rays emitted from neutron stars have various information which are the stars radius
mass spin frequency inner structure of the stars circumstellar region observer inclination and so on We mainly
consider AMXPs and compare their properties to light curves calculated by assumed models
AMXPs have several properties The main properties are small amplitudes sinusoidal pulse shapes variable
oscillation amplitudes variable pulse phases The fractional rms amplitudes of the accretion powered oscillation are
about 1-2 in most AMXPs And observed light curves have nearly sinusoidal pulse shapes and the fractional rms
amplitudes of fundamental is usually tenth times larger than first overtone component
Andersson (1998) proposed that r-mode are excited by gravitational wave radiation R-modes are waves
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
94 |
propagated in neutron stars So it is important to think r-mode on surface of the neutron star Therefore we use the
model of R-mode plus hot spot model (RS model) to calculate light curves from the neutron stars This model is a
new model There have been models to assume only r-modes and to assume only hot spots so far but there have
never been models that r-modes and hot spots are assumed simultaneously
The hot spot locate on the surface of the neutron star and dont interact with r-mode thermally This r-mode is
the wave in a rotating and magnetized neutron star (Lee 2009) The neutron star is assumed to be threaded by a
dipole magnetic field which strength B0 at the surface is 1010
G This strength of 1010
G is typically value in
low-mass X-ray binary systems It is calculated in a neutron star model composed of a fluid ocean a solid crust
and a fluid core The fluid core is treated to be non-magnetic to assume that magnetic pressure is much smaller than
the gas pressure there
In addition to fitting to the present observation we researched what light curves can be observed And we also
researched whether we can detect the oscillation due to r-mode if it exist in neutron stars We found that its
detectability is strong enough in present observation accuracy The oscillation have never observed yet But if it is
detected information about neutron stars inner structure will be also derived
Po-46
CMB Bispectrum from the Second-Order Cosmological Perturbations
Daisuke Nitta
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
We calculate the bispectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature anisotropies induced
by the second-order fluctuations in the Boltzmann equation In this poster we consider the terms that are products
of the first-order perturbations and leave intrinsically second-order terms and perturbations in the recombination
history
We show that the bispectrum has the maximum signal in the squeezed triangles similar to the local-type
primordial bispectrum as both types generate non-linearities via products of the first-order terms in position space
However detailed calculations show that their shapes are sufficiently different the cross-correlation coefficient
reaches 05 at the maximum multipole of l_max~ 200 and then weakens to 03 at l_max~ 2000 The
differences in shape arise from (i) the way the acoustic oscillations affect the bispectrum and (ii) the second-order
effects not being scale-invariant This implies that the contamination of the primordial bispectrum due to the
second-order effects (from the products of the first-order terms) is small The expected signal-to-noise ratio of the
products of the first-order terms is ~ 04 at l_max~ 2000 for a full-sky cosmic variance limited experiment
We therefore conclude that the products of the first-order terms may be safely ignored in the analysis of the
future CMB experiments The expected contamination of the local-form f_NL is f^local_NL~ 09 at
l_max~ 200 and f^local_NL~ 05 at l_max~ 2000
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 95
Po-47
General Properties of Non-Radial Pulsations
Aprilia
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
Po-48
A Study on Mathematical Fuzzy Logic
Ahmad Termimi Bin Ab Ghani
Mathematical institute Tohoku University
We study some important properties of mathematical fuzzy logic based on the logical systems BL and BLforall
(basic fuzzy propositional and predicate logic) such as computational complexity of fuzzy propositional calculi We
also discuss arithmetical complexity issues which treat the degrees of undecidability of fuzzy predicate calculi
Finally we investigate some open problems concerning the arithmetical complexity on monadic logic and the
corresponding Σ1-completeness (Π1- completeness)
Reference
[1] Haacutejek P Godo L Esteva F A complete many-valued logic with product conjunction Arch Math Logic 35
(1996) 191-208
[2] Haacutejek P Metamathematics of fuzzy logic Kluwer 1998
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
96 |
[3] Haacutejek P Fuzzy logic and arithmetical hierarchy III Studia logica 68 (2001) 129-142
[4] Haacutejek P Monadic fuzzy predicate logic Studia logica 71 (2002) 165-175
Po-49
Some space-time integrability estimates of the solution for heat
equations in two dimension
Norisuke Ioku Mathematical institute Tohoku University
Po-50
Well-posedness for Navier-Stokes equations in modulation spaces with
negative derivative indices
Tsukasa Iwabuchi
Mathematical institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 97
Po-51
The soul conjecture for Riemannian orbifolds
Naoki Oishi
Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
In 1994 Perelman solved the Cheeger-Gromoll soul conjecture ldquoIf a smooth non-compact complete Riemannian
manifold M of nonnegative curvature has positive curvature at a point then its soul is an one point set
Consequently M is diffeomorphic to a Euclidean spacerdquo But he couldnt generalize the theorem to Alexandrov
spaces We show an analogous result to the theorem for Riemannian orbifolds which belong to Alexandrov spaces
Po-52
A new approach to the existence of harmonic maps
Toshiaki Omori
Mathematical Institute D2 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
98 |
Po-53
Stability of the interface of a Hele-Shaw flow with two injection points
Michiaki Onodera
Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 99
Po-54
THE ISOMORPHISM BETWEEN MOTIVIC COHOMOLOGY AND K-GROUPS FOR EQUI-CHARACTERISTIC REGULAR LOCAL
RINGS
Yuki Kato
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-55
Bifurcations in semilinear elliptic equations on thin domains
Toru Kan
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-56
ON THE CURVATURE OF THE PSEUDO-VOLUME FORM
DEFINING THE CARATH_EODORY MEASURE
HYPERBOLICITY
Shin Kikuta
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
100 |
Po-57
Goumldels Incompleteness Theorem Recursively Axiomatizable Theories
and Medvedev Degrees of Unsolvability
Takayuki Kihara
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 101
Po-58
Hypergeometric series on a p-adic field
Kensaku Kinjo
Mathematical Institute Tohoku Univercity D2
Po-59
On Hasse principle of purely transcendental extension field
in one variable
Makoto Sakagaito
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
The map from the Brauer group of a global field to the product of the Brauer groups of the completions (the
local-global map) is known to be injective This classical result is called the Hasse principle In the case of positive
characteristic global fields are algebraic function fields in one variable over finite fields Related to this classical
result I studied the question of whether the Hasse principle holds in the case where the field is a purely transcendental
extension in one variable of any field Assuming a certain property of the edge map of a certain Leray spectral
sequence I ascertained the result that the local-global map of a purely transcendental extension field restricted to a
certain subgroup is injective In the case where m is a natural number prime to the characteristic of the ground field
the subgroup contains the m-torsion-part of the Brauer group of the purely transcendental extension field In the case
where the ground field is a perfect field the subgroup coincides with the Brauer group of the purely transcendental
extension field
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
102 |
Po-60
Large time behavior of solutions for system
of nonlinear damped wave equations
Hiroshi Takeda Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
We consider the Cauchy problem for a system of semilinear damped wave equations with small initial dataWe
derive the asymptotic profile of the nonlinear system corresponding to the results for the nonlinear single equation
and we obtain the sufficient condition of the growth order on the nonlinear term to ensure the existence of the
solution with the optimal decay Our proof is based on the analysis for the fundamental solutions of the linear
damped wave equation
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 103
Po-61
Non-abelian generalization of Iwasawa theory
Kazuaki Tajima
Mathematical Institute D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
104 |
Po-62
The quadratic subextension of the class field of a real quadratic field
Toshihide Doi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-63
Pattern formation by receptor-based models for regeneration
experiments on Hydra
Madoka Nakayama
Mathematical Institute D2 Tohoku University
Hydra is a small animal living in fresh water which is best known for its ability of regeneration When a hydra is
cut into two pieces two hydras will regenerate There has been several mathematical models proposed to describe
this experiment A classical model proposed by Gierer and Meinhardt in 1972 is based on the idea of diffusion-
driven instability between two chemicals called activator and inhibitor Recently Anna Marciniak proposed new
regeneration models from a more biologically refined viewpoint Her models consist of free and bound receptors
ligands and an enzyme and a head is formed at place of higher bound receptor concentration We discuss stability of
its stationary solutions It turns out that the mechanism producing non-trivial spatial patterns has a similarity with that
of MacWilliams reaction diffusion model
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 105
Po-64
The computational methods of canonical heights on elliptic curve
Tadahisa Nara
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Heights of points is numerical size of the points for certain arithmetic Canonical height is one of heights which
is defined on elliptic curves Studying canonical heights gives us information about structure of Mordell-Weil
groups In general canonical height is defined as a limit and it is not easy to compute it In the poster we introduce
more practical methods for computation by Tate and Silverman which are considered to be suitable for also
uniform estimate For an application of that we consider generators on some families of elliptic curves
Po-65
Spatial branching process in random environment
Nishimori Yasuhito
Mathematical Institute D1 Tohoku University
Po-66
On a periodic decomposition of meromorphic functions
Takanao Negishi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
106 |
Po-67
Difficulties of solving problems
Kojiro Higuchi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 107
Po-68
Undecidability and weak theory of concatenation
Yoshihiro Horihata
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-69
Daviesrsquo Conjecture for Pseudo-Schroumldinger Operators and its
Applications to Penalization Problem
Masakuni Matsuura
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
108 |
Po-70
TORSION POINTS OF ABELIAN VARIETIES WITH VALUES IN
INFINITE EXTENSION FIELDS
Yuken Miyasaka
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 109
Po-71
Maximum principle for a biological model related to the motion of
amoebae
Harunori Monobe Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
110 |
Po-72
Asymptotic behaviour of solutions to the drift-diffusion equation
in the whole spaces
Masakazu Yamamoto
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
We consider the initial value problem for the Nernt-Planck drift-diffusion equation in the whole spaces Our
model is a system of the nonlinear parabolic equation and the Poisson equation The drift-diffusion equation is a
model of the plasma dynamics The solutions of this equation stand for the density of the charges and the electric
potential We study the large-time behavior of the solution to the drift-diffusion equation by deriving the asymptotic
expansion of the solution Especially we discuss the contrast between the odd-dimensional cases and the
even-dimensional cases
Po-73
A study of the idea of systematic knowledge On the relation between
nature and spirit in the organizational view of nature
Fukuko Abe
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In the studies of the humanities and science which have become increasingly technical sophisticated and
interdisciplinary the idea of the assimilation of literature and science attracted growing academic interest in recent
years This idea naturally requires not the aggregate but systematic knowledge accompanied by a philosophy that
addresses the question of what it is that we conceive as knowledge It was the German philosophy as it evolved
during the 18-19th century which based on works on systematic or speculative knowledge attempted to establish
an organizational view of nature becoming known under the notion of natural philosophy Here nature and spirit
which were traditionally conceived as divided notions within the mechanical view on nature were now viewed in a
new light as something unified through life Although modern natural philosophy contains a large number of
difficult questions with regard to its present-day validity this study investigates based on the currents of the
organizational view on nature in contemporary philosophy the relation between nature and spirit in this particular
theoretical notion as well as the systematic knowledge itself which attempts to apprehend such an organizational
whole
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 111
Po-74
Medical technology and surrogate decision-making
Haruka Hikasa
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Consensus-building in science technology generally presumes the autonomous individual With regard to
medical technology it is bioethics which emphasizes the principle of respecting the autonomy of the individual Yet
in the case of some patients only insufficient autonomy is granted or may even be absent Consider for example
newborns suffering a serious illness or patients who are in a persistent vegetative state caused by brain death or
who suffer from dementia or mental illness Thus it appears reasonable to engage in an argumentation in order to
seek specific criteria for surrogate decision-making with regard to such incompetent patients
If a patient is not competent allowing this person to choose or to refuse treatment who should be allowed in what
fashion to make a decision in the interest of this patient In conventional bioethics standards for surrogate
decision-making are often distinguished into substituted judgment (pure autonomy) and decisions judged from what
is conceived to be in the best interest of the patient
It appears to me however that these standards involve ethical problems such as the validity of the precedent
autonomy and evaluation of the potential burden of benefits for the patient In this presentation I wish to discuss
the framework of standards for surrogate decision-making in order to make decisions on behalf of individuals
incompetent to seek decisions on their own
Po-75
Humersquos empiricism and the experimental method of reasoning
Hiromichi Sugawara
Philosophy D1 Tohoku University
David Hume was a Scottish philosopher and historian who lived in the 18th
century Humersquos work is usually
classified as the most significant work in the tradition of empiricism Empiricism is generally defined as the view
according to which knowledge and understanding derives from experience (via the senses) The methodology of
Humersquos inquiry is explicitly described in the subtitle of his famous first work A Treatise of Human Nature Being
an Attempt to Introduce the Experimental Method of Reasoning into Moral Subjects It is said that Humersquos method
of reasoning was influenced by the scientific method applied by Newton articulated in his Philosophiae Naturalis
Principia Mathematica However the influence of Newtonrsquos thought on Hume is not necessarily definite Therefore
it seems to me that Humersquos empiricism remains open to various interpretations Therefore in this presentation I
wish to demonstrate the experimental method of reasoning influenced by Newton and the empirical attitude
initially attempted by Hume
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
112 |
Po-76
Epistemic deference and transmission of knowledge
How should we (non-scientists) acquire warranted beliefs about
scientific propositions
Mariko Nihei
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Suppose I have heard that a quark is a fundamental particle from an expert in particle physics and I believe it is
true even though I do not have direct evidence or a clear notion concerning what a quark is or what counts as a
fundamental particle Then how do I know that a quark is a fundamental particle For non-scientists most of
scientific knowledge would fit this situation But at the same time it is difficult to acquire all relevant evidence
concerning particular situations by ourselves because we do not go through extensive specialized training
Moreover there is too much ldquoscientific knowledgerdquo in the world while at the same time our intellect remains too
limited Thus in this presentation drawing on recent arguments about ldquoepistemic deferencerdquo and transmission of
knowledge between non-scientists and scientists (here esp Hardwig 19851988 Brewer 19982006) I attempt to
demonstrate a possible epistemological scheme for how and when we as non-scientists acquire warranted beliefs
about technical or scientific propositions without possessing evidence for such beliefs by our own ability The
conceptual scheme which I will provide here will be useful for the practice of facilitating scientific communication
Po-77
The Finiteness of Human Beings and the Role of Technology
Ryozo Suzuki
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Human beings lead a life in uneasiness and search for something reliable Where does this feeling derive from
What does ldquoreliablerdquo refer to
In the first place organisms fight and eat each other ldquoLiferdquo (in German Leben) produces the tissues of itself and
survives after these die Human beings live in the same fashion We fight for survival kill other lives and produce
children who live over the death of their parents Parents seek the ldquodurabilityrdquo or ldquochangelessnessrdquo of themselves in
their children Hegel points out that this intuition (in German Anschauung) maintains the elementary reliability and
easiness of everyday life Therefore it seems that in here we find the reason why our deepest interest in science
technology at present concentrates on reproductive technologies
According to thinkers such as Hegel or Gehlen technology guards us against excessive emotions which derive
from ldquoliferdquo The process of life gives birth to us Yet life for itself is relevant to the existence of ldquoIrdquo as an individual
Therefore we as individuals possess a fear of death which characterizes life as a notion of ambiguity It is this
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 113
nature which generates a fundamental uneasiness in us From the point of practical significance technology
encompasses a deep relation with the hope for durability (ldquoeternityrdquo) against lifersquos changeability or ambiguity We
tend to favor artificial things which are stable and continue to exist longer than we do (in this sense Gehlen has
pointed out the reason for why human beings come to depend on petrochemistry) Therefore we may say that we
are more fetishistic than ever
Po-78
What is ethically problematic in Biogenetics
Takuma Obara
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In this presentation I will consider some of the ethical problems in biogenetics that we are confronted with
today
With the scientific breakthroughs achieved in biogenetics it will be possible to manipulate the genome Once
we obtain knowledge then there is no return to innocent ignorance If we know how to improve ourselves why
should we abstain from doing so Frankly speaking there are no reasons why we should do so Yet the point here
is that an attempt to achieve onersquos goal with the help of such technology would result in the contrary We are severe
on the difference between what belongs to a person and what does not while we highly value the former Therefore
external manipulations result in failure to gain estimation from other people
We also estimate onersquos efforts to achieve such goal even if those efforts have not been marked by success On
the contrary if one strengthens his common abilities with external manipulations such as drugs we despise such
person However if one reinforces his effort what should we do It is apparent that this person applies external
manipulations while undergoing severe experiences In other words are we able to draw a line of division between
the internal and the external within an individual Moreover should we evaluate a talent belonging to a person
without any conditionality These this presentation wishes to argue describe the actual problems which we should
consider and develop answers to once biogenetic manipulations are realized
Po-79
The ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude
Tetsurou Yamashita
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
If we conceive scientific activities radically that is in terms of the ontological structure of the human being we
may understand that science is not the primary way of our being but a modification of practical activities in
everydayness Through the ontological change from the practical attitude in which we are concerned with beings
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
114 |
(entities) in a specific context we can shift to a theoretical attitude which enables us to thematize beings clearly
from a free (independent) viewpoint The theoretical attitude is a condition for the possibility of the discovery of
beings Yet its discovery confines itself to a limited discovery for the theoretical attitude articulates various ways
of being folded wholly into the practical attitude in everydayness as the foundation for the discovery therefore it
thematizes beings from a voluntary but single viewpoint (way of being) Based on these circumstances in this
presentation I will sketch the process of the ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude while considering the
ontological significance and limits of this theoretical attitude In doing so this presentation will draw heavily on
Martin Heideggerrsquos ontological insights regarding the human being
Po-80
Risk uncertainty and the precautionary principle
How to deal with scientific uncertainty
Yasuhiko Fujio
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In the age of industrialized societies we are exposed to many risks deriving from the development of science
and technology Therefore we are in need of a risk analysis and management in order to coexist with these
numerous risks Many of these approaches addressing such risks are based on the theory of probability or statistics
yet these approaches are not always helpful
We cannot obtain full knowledge of the events occurring in the future thus we must base our risk analysis and
management on probabilistic or statistical approaches and assess the occurrence of events probabilistically or
statistically However there are some realms of science in which we cannot use such approaches because of a lack
of sufficient scientific knowledge with regard to complex phenomena like global warming Notwithstanding we
must make decisions despite such scientific uncertainty caused by insufficient knowledge of events which might
bring about crucial risks
In order to cope with such uncertainty and evade catastrophic disasters we might have to introduce a
ldquoprecautionary principlerdquo which requires that we should adopt approaches such as regulating or banning the use of
chemical substances or technology to protect the human health and the environment despite the lack of sufficient
scientific certainty
In this presentation I wish to examine the notion of scientific uncertainty with regard to complicated events
and the precautionary principle as a reasonable principle for decision making confronted with such uncertainty
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 115
Po-81
The mechanism of suppressed dynamical friction in a constant density
core of dwarf galaxies
Shigeki Inoue
Astronomy D2 Tohoku University
The dynamical friction problem is a long-standing dilemma In dwarf galaxy dynamical friction is too effective for their
globular clusters (hereafter GCs) to keep their orbital motion Nonetheless these GCs do exist even in current dwarfs However
if dwarf galaxies have a cored dark matter halo which has a constant density region in its center the dynamical friction is
significantly weakened (suppressed dynamical friction) But the mechanism of the suppressed dynamical friction has not been
clarified yet By means of N-body simulation I discuss the mechanism of the suppressed dynamical friction
Memo
Tohoku University Aobayama Campus
Aobayama Cumpus
Graduate School Faculty of Science
6-3 Aoba Aramaki Aoba-ku SENDAI 980-8578
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
6 |
Symposium location
Aobayama Campus of Faculty of Science Tohoku University
Registration Main Lecture Hall (Feb18-19 830-1300)
Plenary Session Main Lecture Hall (Feb18-19 900-1230)
Special Session Lecture Room 203 2F ldquoSogotohrdquo Building (Feb
1600-1710)
Parallel Collaborative Research Sessions Lecture Rooms 203
204 and 205 2F ldquoSogotohrdquo Building (Feb18-19
1350-1820)
Poster Session Entrance Hall (1F2F) of ldquoSogotohrdquo Building (Feb
18 1710-1830)
Banquet Cafeteria (Feb 19 1820-2020)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 7
Scientific program
Invited speakers
Plenary session
Dr Indranil Mazumdar (Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research India)
Prof Philippe Marcq (Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie Curie Institut Curie France)
Prof Young-Woo Son (Condensed Matter Physics Korea Institute for Advanced Study Korea)
Prof Jenann Ismael (Philosophy University of Arizona USA and University of Sydney Australia)
Prof Ryushi Goto (Mathematics Osaka University Japan)
DrJean Coupon (Astrophysics Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France)
Special session
Prof Jie Meng (Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
Prof Huaizhe Xu (Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University China)
Parallel session
Assistant Prof Hojun Im (Condensed Matter Physics Hirosaki University)
MS Masahiro Futaki (Mathematics The University of Tokyo)
Dr Masahiko Igashira (Philosophy Osaka University)
httpwwwsciencewebtohokuacjpspecialgcoeis2010
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
8 |
Time Table
February 18 Thursday February 19 Friday
900
~
930
ldquoOpeningrdquo Kunio INOUE (Project Leader)
Plenary Session Main Lecture Hall
930
~
1020
Indranil MAZUMDAR
(Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental
Research India)
930
~
1020
Jenann ISMAEL
(Philosophy Univ of Arisona USA and Univ of
Sydney Australia)
1030
~
1120
Philippe MARCQ
(Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie
Curie Institut Curie France)
1030
~
1120
Ryushi GOTO
(Mathematics Osaka University Japan)
1130
~
1220
Young-Woo SON
(Condensed Matter Physics KIAS Korea) 1130
~
1220
Jean COUPON
(Astrophysics Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris
France)
1230
~
1350
Lunch
1230
~
1350
Lunch
Parallel Session Lecture rooms 203 204 and 205
Room 205 204 203 Room 205 204 203
1350
~
1420
Masaki
Asano
(Particle
Theory)
Yoshihiro
Ueda
(Mathematics)
Jinsung Park
(Condensed
Matter
Physics )
1350
~
1420
Yoshiyuki
Onuki
(Particle
Experiment)
Masahiro
Futaki
(Mathematics
University of
Tokyo)
Ken-Ichiro
Imura
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
1430
~
1500
Kazunori
Kohri
(Particle
Theory)
Yuichi
Nohara
(Mathematics)
Tatsuro
Yuge
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
1430
~
1500
Takeshi Koike
(Nuclear
Experiment)
Tatsuki
Kawakami
(Mathematics)
Katsuhiko
Sato
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
1510
~
1540
Masafumi
Kurachi
(Particle
Theory)
Shota Sato
(Mathematics)
Hidekatsu
Nemura
(Nuclear
Theory)
1510
~
1540
Masatoshi
Itoh
(Nuclear
Experiment)
Masahiko
Igashira
(Philosophy
Osaka
University)
Hojun Im
(Condensed
Matter
Physics
Hirosaki
Univiersity)
1540
~
1600
Coffee Break
1540
~
1610
Coffee Break
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 9
Special Session Room 203
1610
~
1640
Yousuke Itoh
(Astronomy)
Masaru
Yonehara
(Philosophy)
Seigo Souma
(Condensed
Matter
Physics) 1600
~
1630
Jie Meng
(Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
1635
~
1705
Huaizhe Xu
(Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University
China)
1650
~
1720
Tomohiro
Yoshikawa
(Astronomy)
Shun Sato
(Philosophy)
Ryo Nouchi
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
Poster Session Entrance hall Collaborative Research Session
1710
~
1830
Research Assistants present their research
(Posters will be exhibited until 1330 of
February 19 Fri)
1730
~
1800
Takatsugu
Ishikawa
(Physics)
Katsuhiko
Sato
(Physics)
Yousuke
Itoh
(Astronomy)
Yuri Shimizu
(Physics)
Keita
Yokoyama
(Mathematics)
Yosuke
Takubo
(Physics)
Sumio
Yamada
(Mathematics)
1820
~
2000
Banquet
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
10 |
SpeakersTitles
February 18 Thursday
0930 - Kunio INOUE (GCOE program leader) ndash ldquoOpening addressrdquo (Main Lecture Hall)
Plenary Session
Chairmen H Tamura T Kawakatsu Y Hirayama Main Lecture Hall
0930 -1020 Indranil MAZUMDAR (Chairman H Tamura)
(Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research India)
ldquoHalo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fanordquo
1030 ndash 1120 Philippe MARCQ (Chairman T Kawakatsu)
(Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie Curie Institut Curie France)
ldquoMechanics of Stress Fibersrdquo
1130 ndash 1220 Young-Woo SON (Chairman Y Hirayama)
(Condensed Matter Physics KIAS Korea)
ldquoRelativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters ndash Graphene and othersrdquo
1230 ndash 1350 Lunch
Parallel Session A - Particle Nuclear Astro-physics Group
Chairman K Hikasa Room205
1350 ndash 1420 Masaki ASANO (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoGeneral WIMP search at International Linear Colliderrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Kazunori KOHRI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoPrimordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmologyrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masafumi KURACHI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoHiggsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breakingrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Parallel Session B ndash Condensed Matter Physics Group Nuclear Physics
Chairman R Saito Room203
1350 ndash 1420 Jinsung PARK (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University )
ldquoExciton effect of Raman resonance window of single wall carbon nanotubesrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Tatsuro YUGE (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoProperties of response function of nonequilibrium steady staterdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Hidekatsu NEMURA (Nuclear Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoHyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCDrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Parallel Session C ndash Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Chairman H Kozono Room204
1350 ndash 1420 Yoshihiro UEDA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoApplication of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem for damped wave equation
with non-convexityrdquo
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 11
1430 ndash 1500 Yuichi NOHARA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoToric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systemsrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Shota SATO (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoSingular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of a Semilinear Parabolic Equationrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Special Session
Chairman O Hashimoto Room203
1600 ndash 1630 Jie Meng
(Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
ldquoCovariant density functional theory for Nuclear structure and application in astrophysicsrdquo
1635 ndash 1705 Huaizhe Xu (Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University China)
ldquoControl of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism in ZnO based
DMSrdquo
Poster Session
Entrance hall of ldquoSogotohrdquo
1710 ndash 1830 80 Research assistants present their research
February 19 Friday
Plenary Session
Chairmen K Naoe R Miyaoka T Futamase Main Lecture Hall
0930 -1020 Jenann ISMAEL (Philosophy University of Arizona USA and University of Sydney
Australia) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoA Fresh Direction for Quantum Research What Might Entanglement Be Telling Usrdquo
1030 ndash 1120 Ryushi GOTO (Mathematics Osaka University Japan) (Chairman R Miyaoka)
ldquoCalabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structuresrdquo
1130 ndash 1220 Jean COUPON (Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France)
(Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoProbing the large scale structure in the Universe with CFHTLSrdquo
1230 ndash 1350 Lunch
Parallel Session A ndash Particle Nuclear Astro-physics Group
Chairmen H Tamura T Futamase Room205
1350 ndash 1420 Yoshiyuki ONUKI (Particle Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoMeasurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle angle phi3 at Belle experimentrdquo
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
12 |
1430 ndash 1500 Takeshi KOIKE (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoHypernuclear γ-ray spectroscopy at J-PARCrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masatoshi ITOH (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoSearch for the alpha cluster condensed state in 16
0rdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University) (Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoA dipole anisotropy of galaxy distribution Does the CMB rest frame exist in the local universerdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Tomohiro YOSHIKAWA (Astronomy Tohoku University) (Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoMOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies at the Star-Forming Epoch of the Universerdquo
Parallel Session B ndash Condensed Matter Physics Group
Chairmen Y Kuramoto T Takahashi Room203
1350 ndash 1420 Ken-Ichiro IMURA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoFrom graphene to Z2 topological insulatorrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Katsuhiko SATO (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoShear-induced phase separation of complex fluidsrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Hojun IM (Condensed Matter Physics Hirosaki University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoCe 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum critical point
a resonant angle-resolved photoemission studyrdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Seigo SOUMA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Takahashi)
ldquoSpin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of Rashba effect on semi-metal surfacerdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Ryo NOUCHI (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Takahashi)
ldquoMetal-contact effect on graphenerdquo
Parallel Session C ndash Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Chairmen T Shioya K Naoe Room204
1350 ndash 1420 Masahiro FUTAKI (Mathematics The University of Tokyo) (Chairman T Shioya)
ldquoAround Homological Mirror Symmetryrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Tatsuki KAWAKAMI (Mathematics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Shioya)
ldquoOn the heat equation in a half space with a nonlinear boundary conditionrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masahiko IGASHIRA (Philosophy Osaka University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoAn Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mindrdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Masaru YONEHARA (Philosophy Tohoku University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoUtilitarianism and Rawlsrdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Shun SATO (Philosophy Tohoku University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoHusserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience in Transcendental Phenomenologyrdquo
Collaborative Research Session A
Chairman K Inoue Room205
1730 ndash 1740 Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoResearch Center for Electron Photon Science (Laboratory of Nuclear Science) Development of an
electro-magnetic calorimter made up of ceramic PrLuAG scintillatorrdquo
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 13
1740 ndash 1750 Yuri SHIMIZU (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoStudy of geo neutrinos with KamLANDrdquo
1750 ndash 1800 Sumio YAMADA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoGeometric Analysis on Einstein Equationrdquo
Collaborative Research Session B
Chairman H Yamamoto Room203
1730 ndash 1740 Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
ldquoStudy of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed matter in gravitational wave
astronomyrdquo
1745 ndash 1755 Yosuke TAKUBO (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoDevelopment of Readout Board for FPCCD Detectorrdquo
Collaborative Research Session C
Chairman T Ogawa Room204
1730 ndash 1840 Katsuhiko SATO (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoTheoretical formulation of morphology dynamics of membranes based on a combination of
mathematical models and differential geometryrdquo
1745 ndash 1755 Keita YOKOYAMA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoThe search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics from the logical and
philosophical point of viewrdquo
1820 ndash 2000 Banquet
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
14 |
Talks
Plenary Session
Talk-1 ldquoHalo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fanordquo
Indranil MAZUMDAR (Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research India)
Talk-2 ldquoMechanics of Stress Fibersrdquo
Philippe MARCQ (Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie Curie Institut Curie France)
Talk-3 ldquoRelativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters ndash Graphene and othersrdquo
Young-Woo SON (Physics KIAS Korea)
Talk-4 ldquoA Fresh Direction for Quantum Research What Might Entanglement Be Telling Usrdquo
Jenann ISMAEL (Philosophy University of Arizona USA and University of Sydney Australia)
Talk-5 ldquoCalabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structuresrdquo
Ryushi GOTO (Mathematics Osaka University Japan)
Talk-6 ldquoProbing the large scale structure in the Universe with CFHTLSrdquo
Jean COUPON (Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France)
Special Session
Talk-7 ldquoCovariant density functional theory for Nuclear structure and application in astrophysicsrdquo
Jie Meng (Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
Talk-8 ldquoControl of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism in ZnO based DMS rdquo
Huaizhe Xu (Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University China)
Parallel Session A ndash ParticleNuclearAstoro- Physics Group
Talk-9 ldquoGeneral WIMP search at International Linear Colliderrdquo
Masaki ASANO (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-10 ldquoPrimordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmologyrdquo
Kazunori KOHRI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 15
Talk-11 ldquoHiggsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breakingrdquo
Masafumi KURACHI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-12 ldquoMeasurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle angle phi3 at Belle
experimentrdquo
Yoshiyuki ONUKI (Particle Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-13 ldquoHypernuclear γ-ray spectroscopy at J-PARCrdquo
Takeshi KOIKE (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-14 ldquoSearch for the alpha cluster condensed state in 16
0rdquo
Masatoshi ITOH (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-15 ldquoA dipole anisotropy of galaxy distribution Does the CMB rest frame exist in the local
universerdquo
Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Talk-16 ldquoMOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies at the Star-Forming Epoch
of the Universerdquo
Tomohiro YOSHIKAWA (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Parallel Session B - Condensed Matter Group Nuclear Physics
Talk-17 ldquo Exciton effect of Raman resonance window of single wall carbon nanotubesrdquo
Jinsung PARK (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-18 ldquoProperties of response function of nonequilibrium steady staterdquo
Tatsuro YUGE (Condensed Matter Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-19 ldquoHyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCDrdquo
Hidekatsu NEMURA (Nuclear Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-20 ldquo From graphene to Z2 topological insulatorrdquo
Ken-Ichiro IMURA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-21 ldquoShear-induced phase separation of complex fluidsrdquo
Katsuhiko SATO (Condensed Matter Theory Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
16 |
Talk-22 ldquoCe 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum critical point
a resonant angle-resolved photoemission studyrdquo
Hojun IM (Condensed Matter Physics Hirosaki University)
Talk-23 ldquoSpin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of Rashba effect on semi-metal surfacerdquo
Seigo SOUMA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-24 ldquoMetal-contact effect on graphenerdquo
Ryo NOUCHI (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Parallel Session C - Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Talk-25 ldquoApplication of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem for damped wave
equation with non-convexityrdquo
Yoshihiro UEDA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-26 ldquoToric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systemsrdquo
Yuichi NOHARA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-27 ldquoSingular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of a Semilinear Parabolic Equationrdquo
Shota SATO (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-28 ldquoAround Homological Mirror Symmetryrdquo
Masahiro FUTAKI (Mathematics the University of Tokyo)
Talk-29 ldquoOn the heat equation in a half space with a nonlinear boundary conditionrdquo
Tatsuki KAWAKAMI (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-30 ldquoAn Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mindrdquo
Masahiko IGASHIRA (Frontier Biosciences Osaka University)
Talk-31 ldquoUtilitarianism and Rawlsrdquo
Masaru YONEHARA (Philosophy Tohoku University)
Talk-32 ldquoHusserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience in Transcendental
Phenomenologyrdquo
Shun SATO (Philosophy Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 17
Parallel Session ndash Collaborative Research
Talk-33 ldquoDevelopment of an electro-magnetic calorimter made up of ceramic PrLuAG scintillatorrdquo
Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-34 ldquoStudy of geo neutrinos with KamLANDrdquo
Yuri SHIMIZU (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-35 ldquoGeometric Analysis on Einstein Equationrdquo
Sumio YAMADA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-36 ldquoStudy of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed matter in gravitational
wave astronomyrdquo
Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Talk-37 ldquoDevelopment of Readout Board for FPCCD Detectorrdquo
Yosuke TAKUBO (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-38 ldquoTheoretical formulation of morphology dynamics of membranes based on a combination of
mathematical models and differential geometryrdquo
Katsuhiko SATO (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-39 ldquoThe search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics from the logical and
philosophical point of viewrdquo
Keita YOKOYAMA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
18 |
Poster presentations PO no Title Name
1 Coherent control of excited states by multipulse photo excitation
Kenta Abe (Physics D2 Tohoku Univ)
2 de Haas ndashvan Alphen effect studies in the Antiferro-Quadrupolar ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3
Toshiyuki Isshiki (Physics D3 Tohoku Univ)
3 Measurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum in the Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHC
Takumi Ito (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
4 In situ NMR imaging of lithium- ion batteries during chargedischarge cycle
Yoshiki Iwai (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
5 Crack propagation in largely deformed rubber sheet
Daiki Endo (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
6 Optical response of photonic crystal with multi-layered structure
Rihei Endo (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
7 Pseudo-spin Kondo effect in a capacitively-coupled parallel double quantum dot
Yuma OKAZAKI (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
8 Spin and charge dynamics in a photo-excited double exchange system
Yu Kanamori (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
9 Observation of 8B Solar Neutrinos with KamLAND
Yoshiaki Kibe (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
10 z~3 LYMAN BREAK GALAXY CLUSTER SURVEY IN SSA22 WITH VIMOS
Katsuki Kousai (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
11 EELS and SXES studies of electronic structures of Al-TM alloys
Shogo Koshiya (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
12 Comparison of membrane physical property changes between DMPC membrane and DMPE membrane induced by melittin
Atsuji Kodama (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
13 Resonant x-ray scattering experiment on Pr(Ru1-xRhx)4P12
Kotaro Saito (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
14 Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
15 Pressure dependence of B-T phase diagram in heavy-fermion superconductor CeRhSi3
Tetsuya Sugawara (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
16 Neutral meson photoproduction with electromagnetic calorimeter complex FOREST
Koutaku Suzuki (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
17 Micro-photoluminescence around spin phase transition of ν=23 fractional quantum Hall regime
Jun-ichiro Hayakawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 19
18 Ionic conductivity of Trehalose-Water-Lithium iodide mixture in glass and supercooled liquid state
Reiji Takekawa (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
19 Progress of the new DAQ system for wide-band solar neutrino observation with KamLAND
Takemoto Yasuhiro (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
20 Double Chooz PMT preparation
TABATA Hiroshi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
21 Effects of lanthanoid ion on phosphate head groups in DMPC membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures
Kouya Tamatsukuri (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
22 Status of double beta decay experiment with KamLAND
Azusa Terashima (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
23 Simulations on Dynamics of Wormlike Micellar System Using Particle-Field Hybrid Models
Masatoshi Toda (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
24 Magneto-dielectric phenomena in charge ordered system with frustrated geometrical lattice
Makoto Naka (PhysicsD2 Tohoku University)
25 Pi-mesonic decays of Λ hypernuclei
Yoji Nakagawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
26 Axionic Mirage Mediation
Shuntaro Nakamura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
27 The Study of the Origin of Lyman alpha Emitters with Large Equivalent Widths
Yuki Nakamura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
28 Ultrafast broadband THz response of photo-induced metallic state in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF )2I3
Hideki Nakaya (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
29 Ring-Exchange interaction in Orbital Degenerate System
Joji Nasu (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
30 Shape Memory Effect Induced by Magnetic-Field Rotation in MnV2O4 Spinel Compound
Yoichi Nii (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
31 The ω meson photoproduction on the nucleon in the threshold region
Ryo HASHIMOTO (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
32 Prototype fast imaging detector for YN-scattering
Ryotaro Honda (Physics M1Tohoku University)
33 Ground state phase diagram of graphene in a high Landau level A density matrix renormalization group study
Tatsuya Higashi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
34 Investigation of the n (K0) reaction near the threshold
KFutatsukawa (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
35 Traffic flow of two lanes with a bottleneck
Sho Furuhashi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
20 |
36 Staggered Order with Kondo and Crystalline Field Singlets in f2 System
Shintaro Hoshino (Physics D1Tohoku University)
37 Proton elastic scattering of 9C at 290 MeV
Yohei Matsuda (Physics Assistant professor Tohoku University)
38 High Resolution and High Statistics Λ Hypernuclear Spectroscopy by the (eersquoK+) Reaction
Akihiko Matsumura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
39 External Gamma-ray Backgrounds of the KamLAND Detector
Yukie Minekawa (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
40 Higgs Triplet Model
Yusuke Motoki (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
41 Electron diffraction study of the low temperature phase of Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16
Daisuke Morikawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
42 Light scattering by collective excitation of phonon in quantum paraelectrics
Ryuta Takano (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
43 Formation of the Milky Way Based on the Analysis of Kinematics and Chemical Abundance of the Outer Halo Stars
Miho Ishigaki (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
44 Searching for Luminous Core-Collapsed Supernovae in a High-z Proto-Cluster
Nana Morimoto (Astronomy D1 Tohoku University)
45 A Study of Light Curves from Rapidly Rotating Neutron Stars
Kazutoshi Numata (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
46 CMB Bispectrum from the Second-Order Cosmological Perturbations
Daisuke Nitta (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
47 General Properties of Non-Radial Pulsations
Aprilia (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
48 A Study on Mathematical Fuzzy Logic
Ahmad Termimi Bin Ab Ghani (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
49 Some space-time integrability estimates of the solution for heat equations in two dimension
Norisuke Ioku ( Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
50 Well-posedness for Navier-Stokes equations in modulation spaces with negative derivative indices
Tsukasa Iwabuchi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
51 The soul conjecture for Riemannian orbifolds
Naoki Oishi ( Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
52 A new approach to the existence of harmonic maps
Toshiaki Omori (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
53 Stability of the interface of a Hele-Shaw flow with two injection points
Michiaki Onodera (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 21
54 THE ISOMORPHISM BETWEEN MOTIVIC COHOMOLOGY ANDK-GROUPS FOR
EQUI-CHARACTERISTIC REGULAR LOCAL RINGS
Yuki Kato (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
55 Bifurcations in semilinear elliptic equations on thin domains
Toru Kan (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
56 ON THE CURVATURE OF THE PSEUDO-VOLUME FORM DEFINING THE CARATH_EODORY
MEASURE HYPERBOLICITY
Shin Kikuta (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
57 Goumldels Incompleteness Theorem Recursively Axiomatizable Theories and Medvedev Degrees of Unsolvability
Takayuki Kihara (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
58 Hypergeometric series on a p-adic field
Kensaku Kinjo (Mathematics D2 Tohoku Univercity)
59 On Hasse principle of purely transcendental extension field in one variable
Makoto Sakagaito (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
60 Large time behavior of solutions for system of nonlinear damped wave equations
Hiroshi Takeda (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
61 Non-abelian generalization of Iwasawa theory
Kazuaki Tajima (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
62 The quadratic subextension of the class field of a real quadratic field
Toshihide Doi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
63 Pattern formation by receptor-based models for regeneration experiments on Hydra
Madoka Nakayama (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
64 The computational methods of canonical heights on elliptic curve
Tadahisa Nara (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
65 Spatial branching process in random environment
Nishimori Yasuhito (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
66 On a periodic decomposition of meromorphic functions
Takanao Negishi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
67 Difficulties of solving problems
Kojiro Higuchi (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
68 Undecidability and weak theory of concatenation
Yoshihiro Horihata (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
69 Daviesrsquo Conjecture for Pseudo-Schroumldinger Operators and its Applications to Penalization Problem
Masakuni Matsuura (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
70 TORSION POINTS OF ABELIAN VARIETIES WITH VALUES IN INFINITE EXTENSION FIELDS
Yuken Miyasaka (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
71 Maximum principle for a biological model related to the motion of amoebae
Harunori Monobe (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
22 |
72 Asymptotic behavior of solutions to the drift-diffusion equation in the whole spaces
Masakazu Yamamoto (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
73 A study of the idea of systematic knowledge
On the relation between nature and spirit in the organizational view of nature
Fukuko Abe (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
74 Medical technology and surrogate decision-making
Haruka Hikasa (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
75 Humersquos empiricism and the experimental method of reasoning
Hiromichi Sugawara (Philosophy D1 Tohoku University)
76 Epistemic deference and transmission of knowledge
How should we (non-scientists) acquire warranted beliefs about scientific propositions
Mariko Nihei (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
77 The Finiteness of Human Beings and the Role of Technology
Ryozo Suzuki (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
78 What is ethically problematic in Biogenetics
Takuma Obara (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
79 The ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude
Tetsurou Yamashita (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
80 Risk uncertainty and the precautionary principle How to deal with scientific uncertainty
Yasuhiko Fujio (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
81 The mechanism of suppressed dynamical friction in a constant density core of dwarf galaxies
Shigeki Inoue (Astronomy D2 Tohoku University)
82
83
84
85
86
87
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 23
Abstracts of Talks
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
24 |
Plenary Session
Talk-1
Halo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fano
Indranil Mazumdar
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai 400 005 India
Abstract
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 25
Talk-02
Mechanics of stress fibers
Abstract
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
26 |
Talk-03
Relativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters - Graphene
and others
Young-Woo Son
Korea Institute for Advanced Study
Abstract
Over the last thirty years researchers from various disciplines have interested in the physical properties of
carbon allotropes Half a decade ago a new carbon crystal called graphene was isolated Graphene a hexagonal
lattice of carbon atoms in the two-dimension is a condensed matter realization of the relativistic two-dimensional
Dirac equation After the successful isolations graphene has shown a cornucopia of interesting new physical
phenomena with an exponentially increasing literature The subtle interplays between electronic magnetic optical
geometrical and chemical properties in graphene have offered knotty riddles in various experiments as well as
various theoretical predictions to be verified Beyond its pure scientific thrusts there have been interests in radical
alternatives made of graphene to the conventional electronic devices In this talk I will discuss my recent works as
well as recent progress made in this exciting and fast moving field
Talk-04
Fresh Directions for Quantum Research
What Might Entanglement Be Telling Us
Jenann Ismael
University of Arizona University of Sydney
Abstract
Following a suggestion of David Bohmrsquos I will explore the possibility that phenomena associated with
entanglement and complementarity in quantum mechanics intimate a fundamentally non-spatiotemporal ordering to
reality
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 27
Talk-05
Calabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structures
Ryushi Goto
Osaka University
Abstract
The problem of constructing complete Ricci-flat Einstein manifolds is important for both Physicists and
geometers When the manifolds are compact and Kahler the problem is completely answered by Calabi and Yau
While it is mysterious and difficult for non-compact Kahler manifolds In this talk I will discuss a construction of
Ricci-flat metrics on a class of non-compact Kahler manifolds whose boundary are the cone of the Einstein-Sasaki
manifolds Einstein-Sasaki manifolds are the odd dimensional Einstein manifolds and recently new examples of
irregulat Einstein-Sasaki manifolds are discovered I will show that all resolution of the cone of Einstein-Sasaki
manifolds admit complete Ricci-flat Kahler metrics in every Kahler class by solving the Monge-Ampere equation
Many examples of Ricci-flat Kahler metrics arise as the resolution of the cone
Talk-06
Probing the Large Scale Structure in the Universe with the CFHTLS
Jean Coupon
Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France Tohoku University
Abstract
This talk focuses on the present and ongoing results of the Canada-France-Hawaii Legacy Survey (CFHTLS)
Recent progresses in observational cosmology have put tight constraints on the Standard Cosmological Model but
Dark Matter and Dark Energy remain the main unsolved questions By measuring the matter power spectrum in the
Universe one is able to study the properties and evolution of the Dark content I will present two complementary
methods among the most powerful ones to explore the large scale structure in the Universe First is the probe of the
total amount of matter through weak gravitational lensing (cosmic shear) and second is the study of galaxy
clustering in the framework of the Dark Matter halo model In addition considering that photometric redshifts are
solely capable to be measured for millions of galaxies I will demonstrate why they are essential to modern
cosmology and how to estimate precise values I will explain why the CFHTLS is best suited for these kinds of
analysis and I will show the most recent results Although cosmic shear probes are a very promising tool I will
explain why it is also challenging In particular I will emphasize some of the problems faced by observers
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
28 |
Special Session
Talk-07
COVARIANT DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY FOR NUCLEAR
STRUCTURE AND APPLICATION IN ASTROPHYSICS
J Meng
School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering Beihang University
Beijing 100191 China
The covariant density functional theory (DFT) with a minimal number of parameters allows a very successful
phenomenological description of ground state properties of nuclei all over the periodic table Recent progresses on
the application of the covariant density functional theory as well as its extensions by the group in Beijing for a
series of interests and hot topics in nuclear astrophysics and nuclear structure are reviewed including the rapid
neutron-capture process ThU chronometer halo and giant halo in density dependent relativistic
Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov and neutron halo in deformed nuclei
Talk-08
Control of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism
in ZnO based DMS
Huaizhe Xu
Department of Physics Beihang University Beijing 100191 P R China
Diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) have attracted growing interest because of their rich physics and
potential for new device applications in the field of spintronics However a basic requirement for practical
applications of ferromagnetic DMS is the achievement of Curie temperatures TC well exceeding room temperature
Based on the mean field theory Dietl et al had predicted that transition-metal doped ZnO might be one of the most
prospective candidates for realizing room-temperature DMS which had stimulated a great of interesting on the
ZnO based DMS However as the evidences for both intrinsic and the extrinsic ferromagnetism of Zn1-xCoxO have
been experimentally observed the origin of the ferromagnetism was in intensive dispute In order to clear the
confusions on the structure and the ferromagnetic origin of Zn1-xCoxO we have systemically investigated the
structure and the ferromagnetism of the Zn1-xCoxO nanocrystals Our experimental results indicate that
bull The Co doping concentration in ZnO nanocrystals is only 5 The Co distribution in the nanocrystals is
inhomogeneous for the self-purification mechanism
bull The ferromagnetism of Zn095Co005O has great variations via different post-annealing treatment (O2 Ar
and H2 respectively)The variations of ferromagnetism owing to increase of Vorsquos and the formation of
Co-H-Co stable structures
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 29
bull P-type doping can improve the magnetic coupling between Co ions which is supported by the BMPs
model
bull The inhomogeneous distribution of TM may be the main reason of the current controversy in experimental
results on many of the highly crystallized DMS It should be seriously taken into account in future DMSs
study
Reference
[1] Jianjun Li Weichang Hao Huaizhe Xu et al Journal of Applied Physics 2009 106 063915
[2] Jianjun Li Weichang Hao Huaizhe Xu et al Journal of Applied Physics 2009 105 053907
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
30 |
Parallel Session A (ParticleAstronomy)
Talk-09
General WIMP search at International Linear Collider
Masaki Asano
Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Existence of dark matter in our universe has already been established by recent cosmological observation such
as the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe experiment The most plausible candidate for dark matter is a
Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) Models of the physics beyond the standard model contain a
candidate for WIMP dark matter other new particles (eg charged heavy particle X^-) and new vertices (eg
(WIMP X^- W^+)) We study the process e^+ e^- X^+ X^- WIMP W+ WIMP W^- in order to distinguish
the dark matter nature in the International Linear Collider (ILC) From the study of this process new particle
masses and parameters can be determined very accurately In particular angular distributions are the powerful
probe to investigate the spin of new particles In this study we consider candidates for WIMPs in the
supersymmetric model the little Higgs model and the inert doublet model We investigate the sensitivity of the
measurements to dark matter nature at the ILC based on a realistic Monte Carlo simulation
Talk-10
Primordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmology
Kazunori Kohri
Physics Assistant Tohoku University
Abstract
When we study phenomena occurred at the beginning of the Universe we have to have a birds-eye nature-view for
the hierarchy of physics and employ all connected fields in physics such as particle physics nuclear physics
general relativity astrophysics and cosmology Thus the GCOE program in Tohoku University should be perfect for
us to accomplish this purpose
So far we have confirmed that the standard big-bang cosmology can describe the Universe correctly as far back as
the cosmic time is one second at which big-bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) starts because theoretical predictions of
light element abundances in BBN completely agree with observations Therefore that epoch is the earliest one
after which we understand the Universe by using theoretical physics
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 31
On the other hand in modern particle physics beyond the standard model variety of new phenomena are predicted
in earlier epochs We can check if those new theories are consistent with observations by comparing light element
abundances predicted in each theory with observational data since these new theories easily affect the light element
abundances Thus BBN can verify those hypothetical theories and probe the earlier Universe
In this talk I would like to discuss recent topics in particle cosmology which relates with verifications of new
theories such as supersymmety (SUSY)
Talk-11
Higgsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breaking
Masafumi Kurachi
Physics Assistant Professor Tohoku University
Abstract
It is known that masses of elementary particles are explained by the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the
electroweak symmetry however the origin of the electroweak symmetry breaking has not been identified so far In
the Standard Model of the elementary particles the spontaneous electroweak symmetry breaking is achieved by
introducing an as yet undiscovered scalar particle (Higgs particle) and letting them have the vacuum expectation
value It is true that the Standard Model with Higgs particle is consistent with numerous numbers of experiments
which have been done so far however Higgs sector of the Standard Model itself has several theoretical problems
One of the most serious problem is the hierarchy problem which originates from the fact that the mass of the scalar
particle is not protected by the symmetry in the Standard Model Because of this many models beyondalternative
to the Standard Model has been proposed In this talk Id like to introduce a Higgsless model as an example of such
models which tries to cure the problem in the Standard Model In the Higgsless model because the Higgs particle is
removed from the Standard Model there is no hierarchy problem from the beginning As a possible new particle
which appears at a TeV scale vector meson is introduced in the model I will explain how to write down the
Lagrangian which describe this situation namely Standard Model - Higgs + vector resonance
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
32 |
Talk-12
Measurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle
angle phi3 at Belle experiment
Yoshiyuki Onuki
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Within the standard model CP violation arises due to a single phase in Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM)
quark mixing matrix Precise measurements of CKM matrix parameters therefore constrain the standard model
and may reveal new source of CP violation Various methods have been proposed to determine the unitarity triangle
angle phi3 of the CKM matrix with B-gtDX decay modes where X represents one or more light mesons In this talk
current experimental status and future prospects of phi3 measurements at Belle experiment will be summarized
Talk-13
Hypernuclear g-ray spectroscopy at J-PARC
Takeshi Koike
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Ordinary matter around us is made of at a subatomic level protons and neutrons However inside of a neutron star
there is a possibility that a matter made of strange particles as well exists These strange particles are called as
hyperons which distinguish themselves from protons and neutrons in having a strange quark or a strange quantum
number A nucleus with a hyperon(s) is then called a hypernucleus Studies of hypernucleus provide us with more
general and unified understanding of nuclear force which is one of the four fundamental forces of nature know to
mankind
Hypernuclei on Earth have artificially been created using particle beams provided by accelerators and been
actively studied experimentally The ongoing experimental efforts have entered a new phase with a commissioning
of an intense proton accelerator J-PARC in Tokai Japan since 2009 One of the main experiments that is planed
and prepared at the J-PARC facility is an ultra precise investigation of structures of various hypenuclei via the
gamma-ray spectroscopy using an array of high purity Germanium detector named as Hyperball-J
In this presentation the present status of Hyperball-J now being constructed will be reported as well as main
physics themes that the experiment strives to reveal
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 33
Talk-14
Search for the alpha condensed state in 16
O
Masatoshi Itoh
Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
34 |
Talk-15
A Dipole Anisotropy of Galaxy Distribution
Does the CMB Rest Frame Exist in the Local Universe
Yousuke Itoh
Astronomy Tohoku University
Abstract
The peculiar motion of the Earth causes a dipole anisotropy modulation in the distant galaxy distribution due to
the aberration effect However the amplitude and angular direction of the effect is not necessarily the same as those
of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) dipole anisotropy due to the growth of cosmic structures In other
words exploring the aberration effect may give us a clue to the horizon-scale physics perhaps related to the cosmic
acceleration In this paper we develop a method to explore the dipole angular modulation from the pixelized galaxy
data on the sky properly taking into account the covariances due to the shot noise and the intrinsic galaxy clustering
contamination as well as the partial sky coverage We applied the method to the galaxy catalogs constructed from
the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 6 data After constructing the four galaxy catalogs that are
different in the ranges of magnitudes and photometric redshifts we found that the two samples of fainter
magnitudes indicate a non-zero dipole anisotropy with amplitudes greater than that of the CMB dipole by a factor
10 and in the angular direction consistent with the CMB direction although the dipole signal is weaker for the other
two samples and is found sensitive to an inclusion of the Southern Galactic Hemisphere region The indicated
bulk-flow amplitude is also not inconsistent with the result implied from a stacked analysis of the kinetic
Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect of X-ray luminous clusters in Kashlinsky et al (20082009) Finally we argue that an
almost full-sky galaxy survey such as LSST may allow for a significant detection of the aberration effect of the
CMB dipole having the precision of constraining the angular direction to ~ 20 degrees in radius
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 35
Talk-16
MOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies
at the Star-Forming Epoch of the Universe
Tomohiro Yoshikawa
Astronomy Tohoku University
Abstract
Recent studies revealed that a significant fraction of stars in the present-day galaxies were formed when the age
of the universe was about a half of the present about a half of the stellar mass in the present universe is formed
during the several Gyrs In order to understand the buildup of stellar mass in galaxies at this epoch it is crucial to
examine the relationship of star formation rate (SFR) to stellar mass However fluxes from distant universe are
redshifted due to the expansion of the universe so that optical fluxes in rest-frame which provide stellar masses
and SFRs of galaxies are redshifted to near-infrared wavelengths
In this talk we present the results of near-infrared multi-object spectroscopic observations for 37 star-forming
galaxies at the high-redshift universe The observations are conducted with Multi-Object InfraRed Camera and
Spectrograph (MOIRCS) on the Subaru Telescope The sample is drawn from the Ks-band (22μm) selected
catalog of the MOIRCS Deep Survey (MODS) in the GOODS-N region To preferentially select actively
star-forming galaxies we put higher priority on the galaxies identified in the publicly available 24μm-source
catalog of the Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer (MIPS)
Hα emission lines were detected from 23 galaxies of which the median redshift is 212 We derived the SFRs
from extinction-corrected Hα luminosities and compared them with stellar masses estimated by SED fitting using
multi-band photometric data covering across UV and near-infrared wavelengths The comparison shows no
correlation between SFR and stellar mass Some galaxies with stellar mass smaller than ~1010
M show SFR
higher than ~100 M yr-1
The specific SFRs (SFR per unit stellar mass SSFRs) of these galaxies are remarkably
high galaxies which have SSFR higher than ~10-8
yr-1
are found in 8 of the present sample The large SFR
implies the possibility that the high SSFR galaxies significantly contribute to the cosmic SFR density of the
universe at z~2 We discuss the star-forming properties of the high SSFR galaxies
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
36 |
Parallel Session B (Condensed MatterNuclear)
Talk-17
Exciton effect of the Raman resonance window of
single wall carbon nanotubes
Jin Sung Park
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
In the Raman excitation profile (RRP) that is Raman intensity as functions of excitation energy an important
parameter for evaluating the population of SWNTs is the Raman resonance window which is defined by an
energy full width at half maximum in the RRP In quantum mechanics is obtained by the uncertainty relation for
the lifetime of the exciton A dominant origin of the lifetime of the exciton in the Raman scattering process is an
inelastic scattering by emitting or absorbing phonons In the previous paper we have calculated the carrier lifetime
by considering electron-phonon interaction and the Fermi golden rule [1] In the case of semicondcuting (S-)
SWNT the calculated values are in a good agreement with the experiment However some deviation between
calculation and experiment appears in a different way for type I and II S-SWNTs in which type I and II S-SWNTs
are defined respectively by [mod(2n+m3)=1] and [mod(2n+m3)=2] for a (nm) SWNT In fact the experimental
values for the type I S-SWNTs are smaller than the calculated ones while those for the type II S-SWNTs are larger
than the calculated one A possible reason for this deviation might come from the exciton effect which we did not
consider in the previous calculation For improving the deviation we calculate the value by considering
exciton-phonon interaction The exciton-phonon matrix element for the electron scattering process can be obtained
by the electron-phonon matrix element weighted by the exciton wave function coefficient [2] which depends on the
chiral angle and diameter In the previous calculation [2] we use a simple tight binding wavefunction for
exciton-phonon interaction but recently the exciton-phonon interaction is calculated by extended tight binding
method We will report the new calculated values and compare with the recent precise measurement by single
nanotube spectroscopy
Reference
1) J S Park et al Phys Rev B 74 165414 (2006)
2) J Jiang et al Phys Rev B 75 035405 (2007)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 37
Talk-18
Properties of response function of nonequilibrium steady state
Tatsuro YUGE
IIAIR Tohoku University
Abstract
Response to an external probe provides various information of a system and is one of the most important
characterizations of it In this talk we consider general properties of linear response functions of nonequilibrium
steady states We derive a microscopic expression of a linear response function for a deterministic model which
covers a wide range of nonequilibrium systems Using the expression we show sum rules and asymptotic behaviors
of it We demonstrate the properties by a molecular dynamics simulation of a numerical model We also discuss the
validity of the properties in a stochastic model
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
38 |
Talk-19
Hyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCD
Hidekatsu Nemura
Department of Physics Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 39
Talk-20
From graphene to Z2 topological insulator
Ken-Ichiro Imura
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
A topological insulator has a remarkable property of being metallic on the surface albeit insulating in the bulk
Recently much focus is on a specific type of topological insulators which is said to be Z2-nontrivial and realized as
a consequence of interplay between spin-orbit coupling and a band structure with effective relativistic dispersion
(electrons satisfy a Dirac equation) Such systems are invariant under time reversal and shows Kramers degeneracy
Graphene is a two-dimensional (2D) implementation of such Dirac electron system which also realizes a
prototype [1] of Z2 topological insulator in the presence of intrinsic and extrinsic (Rashba) spin-orbit interactions
Recently we were able characterize specific localization properties of this system in the presence of weak disorder
and under doping [2] We have shown in particular that localization symmetry class is determined by the parity of
the total number Ns of ldquoactivatedrdquo effective spins in the system Our diagnosis provides a contemporary version of
the weak localization theory
The correspondence between the physics of bulk and of the edge highlights the physics of a topological insulator
[3] To demonstrate we make a close comparison between the continuum Dirac theory and the square lattice
tight-binding model [4] for a Z2-topological insulator in 2D It is naturally shown that not only explicit but also
hidden Dirac cones in the high-energy spectrum contribute to and ensure the integral quantization of spin Hall
conductance The nature of gapless edge modes in the lattice model under different (straight vs zigzag) boundary
conditions is extensively studied We demonstrate that the edge modes of a Z2-topological insulator are susceptible
of various finite size effects in comparison with chiral edge modes of quantum Hall insulator By comparing the
behavior of gapless edge modes in real and momentum spaces we show that localizability of edge mode is
intricately related to level crossings due to projection of 2D bulk spectrum onto the 1D edge
[1] CL Kane and EJ Mele Phys Rev Lett 95 146802 (2005) ibid 226801
[2] K-I Imura Y Kuramoto and K Nomura arXiv09041676 Europhys Lett in press arXiv09075051 Phys
Rev B 80 085119 (2009)
[3] K-I Imura A Yamakage A Hotta and Y Kuramoto in preparation
[4] BA Bernevig TL Hughes and S-C Zhang Science 314 1757 (2006)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
40 |
Talk-21
Shearinduced phase separation of complex fluids
Katsuhiko Sato1)
Xue-Feng Yuan2)
and Toshihiro Kawakatsu1)
1)
Department of Physics Tohoku University Japan 2)
School of Chemical Engineering and
Analytical Science University of Manchester UK
Abstract
It is well known that complex fluids such as wormlike micellar solutions exhibit shear-induced phase separations
called shear banding [1] In such a situation the system spatially separates into two regions having high and
low shear rate values with a common shear stress The phenomenon has fascinated many investigators and has been
aggressively investigated both experimentally and theoretically
One of the most striking features of that phenomenon is that its behaviors are quite similar to those of
thermodynamic phase transitions such as liquid-vapor phase transitions despite that it is a non-equilibrium
phenomenon Examples of the similarities are (i) the appearance of a shear stress plateau in the stress-strain rate
curve (note the similarity with isotherms in the p-V plane in the liquid-vapor transition system) (ii) the
independence of the plateau value on the flow history and (iii) the existence of metastable states Although the
analogy between shear banding and thermodynamic phase transitions have been pointed out by many investigators
almost no solid theoretical explanation for these similarities has been presented up to now
Recently we have succeeded in solving this problem [2] ie we have answered to the question ldquoWhy does shear
banding behave like first order phase transitionsrdquo or ldquoCan we describe shear banding in terms of a potential just
like in the case of thermodynamic phase transitionsrdquo Starting from a mechanical constitutive model describing
shear banding which does not have any explicit thermodynamic potential we derive a quantity corresponding to
thermodynamic potentials by applying a reduction method based on the center manifold theory [3] to the governing
equation of the model The reduction method we have taken there is a general one so we can apply this method to
other constitutive models describing shear banding and there is a possibility that we reach some universality In this
talk we provide a brief review on shear banding and explain the details of our theoretical work
[1] H Rehage H Hoffmann Mol Phys 74 933 (1991)
[2] K Sato X-F Yuan T Kawakatsu Eur Phys J E in press
[3] H Mori Y Kuramoto Dissipative Structures and Chaos (Springer-Verlag Berlin 1998)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 41
Talk-22
Ce 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum
critical point a resonant angle-resolved photoemission study
Hojun IM Department of Advanced Physics Hirosaki Univerisy
Abstract
We report the systematic angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) studies of Ce-based heavy fermion compounds
CeNi1-xCoxGe2 whose ground states are change from antiferromagnetic to non-magnetic heavy fermion via
quantum critical point (QCP) Recently it was clearly observed that the Kondo resonance (KR) peaks (Ce 4f1 state)
are dispersed from above the Fermi-level (EF) and cross EF forming the diamond-shaped Fermi-surface (FS) in
non-magnetic heavy-fermion system CeCoGe08Si12 [1] The systematic Ce 4d-4f resonant ARPES studies of
CeNi1-xCoxGe2 reveal that such momentum-dependence of KR peaks exists across QCP indicating the itinerant
character of f-electrons in agreement with the results of angle-integrated photoelectron spectroscopy [2]
References
[1] H J Im et al Phys Rev Lett 100 176402 (2008)
[2] H J Im et al Phys Rev B 72 220405 (2005)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
42 |
Talk-23
Spin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of
Rashba effect on semi-metal surface
Seigo Souma
WPI-AIMR Tohoku University
Abstract
Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is known as a powerful technique to investigate the fine
electronic structure relevant to the intriguing physical phenomena in solids such as superconductivity heavy
fermions metal-insulator transition and so on This technique yet has suffered from two inherent problems
originating in the principle of PES itself namely (1) the high surface sensitivity and (2) the difficulty in resolving
the spin polarization of electrons To overcome those problems we have constructed an ultrahigh resolution
photoemission spectrometer equipped with a newly developed xenon-plasma discharge lamp and a mini-Mott
detector The xenon-plasma discharge lamp provides several intense resonance lines from xenon plasma in the
energy range of 8-11 eV which is enough to achieve high bulk-sensitivity Combined with a large hemispherical
energy analyzer and a spherical concaved grating we achieved high energy resolution less than 1 meV as a total
system in the spin-integrated mode We also have developed a compact Mott spin detector operating at 25 kV and
adapted it to the large hemispherical electron energy analyzer through an electron deflector lens We have
redesigned the analyzer and mounted the entrance of the deflector lens at a location close to the f40mm
microchannel plate (MCP) This enables the observation of electron energy and momentum by the MCP with
comparable quality to modern electron analyzers simultaneously to the electron spin measurement by the Mott
detector
In this talk we present spin-resolved ARPES experiments on group-V semimetal surfaces By using merit of
the newly developed photoemission spectrometer we clearly observed spin-splitting of energy band caused by
strong spin-orbit interaction enhanced in surface state (surface Rashba effect) which would be an essential
ingredients to design a new functional spintronics devices
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 43
Talk-24
Metal-contact effect on graphene
Ryo Nouchi
WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University
Abstract
Graphene one-atom-thick carbon sheet with a honeycomb structure have been attracting incredible attention for
its unique physical properties [1] This material shows an extraordinary high charge carrier mobility of higher than
200000 cm2 V
-1 s
-1 [2] and is considered to be a major candidate for a future high-speed transistor material In
addition graphene has shown its ability to transport charge carriers with spin conservation even at room
temperature and is regarded as a pivotal material for spintronics applications [3] In order to construct electronic
devices such as field-effect transistors (FETs) metallic materials should make a contact with the graphene layers as
is schematically shown in Fig 1 Resultant graphene-metal contacts are considered to affect device properties in a
similar way that metal-semiconductor interfaces govern the operation of conventional electronic devices through
formation of Schottkyohmic contacts In the case of metal-graphene interfaces carriers are expected to be doped
from the metal [4] and a pinning of the potential of graphene was found to occur at the contacts [5]
In this talk experimental investigations by means of a FET structure are presented Figure 2 displays typical
transfer (drain current versus gate voltage) characteristics of a graphene FET The gate voltage with a minimum
drain current can be indicative of carrier doping from the electrodes The overall shape of the characteristics
enables us to examine the potential pinning effect a simple simulation shows that distorted characteristics observed
with ferromagnetic contacts [6] is attributable to the absence of the potential pinning
[1] A H Castro Neto F Guinea N M R Peres K S Novoselov and A K Geim Rev Mod Phys 81 109
(2009)
[2] K I Bolotin K J Sikes Z Jiang M Klima G Fudenberg J Hone P Kim and H L Stormer Solid State
Comm 146 351 (2008)
[3] M Ohishi M Shiraishi R Nouchi T Nozaki T Shinjo and Y Suzuki Jpn J Appl Phys 46 L605 (2007)
[4] G Giovannetti P A Khomyakov G Brocks V M Karpan J van den Brink and P J Kelly Phys Rev Lett
101 026803 (2008)
[5] E J H Lee K Balasubramanian R T Weitz M Burghard and K Kern Nat nanotechnol 3 486 (2008)
[6] R Nouchi M Shiraishi and Y Suzuki Appl Phys Lett 93 152104 (2008)
Fig1 Schematic diagram of a graphene FET
SiO2
Highly-doped Si
Gate Voltage
Drain current
Drain voltage
A
Graphene
Metal contact
Fig2 Typical transfer characteristics
of a graphene FET
100806040200
Dra
in c
urr
ent (
mA
)
-40 0 40Gate voltage (V)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
44 |
Parallel Session C (MathematicsPhilosophy)
Talk-25
Application of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem
for damped wave equation with non-convexity
Yoshihiro Ueda
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
We consider the initial-boundary value problem for damped wave equations with a nonlinear convection term in
the half line In the case where the flux is convex it is shown that the solution tends to the corresponding stationary
wave In this talk we show that even for a quite wide class of flux functions which are not necessarily convex such
the stationary wave is asymptotically stable The proof is given by a technical $L^2$-weighted energy method and
an anti-derivative method
Talk-26
Toric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systems
Yuichi Nohara
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
A completely integrable system on a symplectic manifold of dimension 2n is a set of n functions which are
functionally independent and Poisson commuting A typical example is a moment map of a torus action on a toric
variety A completely integrable system gives a structure of foliation by Lagrangian submanifolds and this plays
an important role in mirror symmetry which is a duality in string theory (mathematically it is formulated as a duality
between symplectic geometry and complex geometry) For example mirror partners of toric varieties can be
constructed by using the moment maps
The Gelfand-Cetlin system is a completely integrable system on a complex flag manifold It is known that the flag
manifold has a degeneration into a (singular) toric variety We show that the Glefand-Cetlin system can be deformed
into a moment map of a torus action on the toric variety We also discuss some applications This talk is based on a
joint work with T Nishinou and K Ueda
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 45
Talk-27
Singular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of
a Semilinear Parabolic Equation
Shota Sato
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
We study the Cauchy problem for a semilinear parabolic equation Our concern is the existence of a singular
solution whose singularity becomes anomalous in finite time First we study the structure of singular radial
solutions for an equation derived by backward self-similar variables Using this we obtain a singular backward
self-similar solution whose singularity becomes stronger or weaker than that of a singular steady state This talk is a
joint work with E Yanagida
Talk-28
Around Homological Mirror Symmetry
Masahiro Futaki
Mathematics University of Tokyo
Abstract
Homological Mirror Symmetry (HMS for short) is a duality between complex and symplectic geometries
originally found by Maxim Kontsevich in 1994 In this talk we introduce a variant of HMS in the context of mirror
symmetry between Fano variety and Laudau-Ginzburg model and investigate some examples
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
46 |
Talk-29
On the heat equation in a half space with
a nonlinear boundary condition
Tatsuki Kawakami
Mathematics Tohoku University
Talk-30
An Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mind
Masahiko Igashira
Frontier Biosciences Osaka University
Abstract
At Osaka University we attempt to establish an interdisciplinary research area titled Cognitive Neuroscience
Robotics by closely integrating research on robotics cognitive science and neuroscience while aiming at the
creation of a new paradigm for understanding the human being and the realization of new interfaces for relieving
brain overload in the usage of highly-complicated IRT systems
In this program philosophers are engaged in the following two themes Firstly to suggest efficient methods for
creating a new paradigm from the view point of a philosophy of science while at the same time refining existing
theories within philosophy of science by examining whether these theories sufficiently contribute to our
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 47
understanding of the generating processes of new research areas Secondly philosophers approach the question of
whether the robot which can hardly be distinguished from real humans which might be produced in the future of
Cognitive Neuroscience Robotics should be recognized as having a MIND or RIGHTS
In this presentation basic conceptions and activities with regard to the second question will be discussed
Furthermore a method for approaching the complex problem of how to understand the MIND in the physical
world will be developed
Talk-31
Utilitarianism and Rawls
Masaru Yonehara
Philosophy Tohoku University
Abstract
John Rawls one of the most important political philosophers of the 20th century is a critic of utilitarianism In
utilitarianism an action is right if and only if it brings about the greatest balance of happiness over unhappiness for
everyone affected by the action otherwise it is wrong Rawls asserts that if slavery or some other system of
extreme social and economic inequalities can produce a greater balance of happiness over unhappiness than any
alternative utilitarianism condones or even commands these institutions which we normally consider quite unjust
According to Rawls his ldquotwo principles of justicerdquo condemn these unjust institutions However this criticism
against utilitarianism is incorrect And I argue that Rawlsrsquos theory has a fatal flaw his theory cannot provide good
reasons why immoral actions against the disabled are impermissible Hence the purpose of my presentation is to
demonstrate that utilitarianism can provide such reasons
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
48 |
Talk-32
Husserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience
in Transcendental Phenomenology
Shun Sato
Philosophy Tohoku University
Abstract
In this presentation I investigate a possible interpretation of Husserls phenomenological theory of perceptual
experience as a disjunctive one My study consists of four sections In sections 1 and 2 I characterize disjunctivism
as a position representing a resistance against what appears to be historically more or less orthodoxy presenting
what has been described as an argument from hallucination for this traditional view This form of argument seems
to compel us to acknowledge that our experience at large is a common factor to perception and hallucination and
therefore that our experience does not intrinsically reach worldly objects According to disjunctivists this seeming
is not the real They tell us that we have either experience if it is veridical which involves a worldly object or
experience which does not if it is not veridical hence we do not always have an intrinsically falling-short-of-world
experience They argue that we perceive in a veridical case an object which is a constituent of a real world as is
suggested they usually speak in defense of direct realism In section 3 I try to show that Husserls transcendental
idealism is not incompatible with direct realistic theory of perception looking into his conception of perceptual
intentionality evidence (or reason) and reality In the final section I take up an interpretation of Husserls view
about experience as disjunctivism provided by A D Smith to which I add my own view Finally I suggest that
Husserls disjunctivism should better be characterized as a form of epistemological disjunctivism
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 49
Parallel Session - Collaborative Research
Talk-33
Development of an electro-magnetic calorimeter made up of
ceramic PrLuAG scintillator
Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics)
Research Center for Electron and Photon Science (Laboratory of Nuclear Science)
Abstract
Quarks are fundamental building blocks of matter and they unite to configure composite particles called
hadrons Experimentally observed hadrons before 2003 can be understood as a composite of three quarks (baryons)
or that of a quark and an anti-quark (mesons) Study of exotic hadrons which are not classified as baryons or
mesons has been a subject of great interest in nuclear physics after a narrow S=1 baryon resonance (Θ+) was
observed at SPring-8LEPS for the first time The Θ+ can be a member of anti-decuplet penta-quark baryons (four
quarks and an anti-quark) with the lowest mass
After the LEPS experiment both the positive and negative results have been reported by many other facilities
Searching for other members is important to establish the penta-quark picture A narrow bump is observed at our
facility in the excitation function for η photo-production on the neutron near E~1 GeV It would be attributed to a
member of anti-decuplet baryons with hidden strangeness since no signature corresponding to this bump is
observed in η photo-production on the proton To investigate this bump precisely an electro-magnetic (EM)
calorimeter with a large solid angle and with a high energy resolution is required since the η meson is identified by
detecting two photons from its decay
A praseodymium doped lutetium aluminum garnet Lu3Al5O12 (PrLuAG) is an excellent scintillator for EM
calorimeters utilized in nuclear and particle physics It has good characteristics such as good energy resolution fast
response a short radiation length and no hygroscopicity At this moment its large single crystal cannot be
manufactured which may be used as a module for an EM calorimeter Recently a ceramic PrLuAG scintillator has
been developed by Prof Yoshikawa and Prof Yanagita in Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced
Materials Tohoku University The ceramic one is expected to be manufactured in a desired shape and to be much
cheaper than the single crystal In this talk the current status of preparing a ceramic PrLuAG scintillator dedicated
to an EM calorimeter is discussed
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
50 |
Talk-34
Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Abstract
Anti-neutrinos travel from the Earthrsquos interior due to beta decays of mainly three isotopes 238
U 232
Th and 40
K
The study of geo-neutrinos was performed using 207659-day data taken with KamLAND which is the
anti-neutrino detector contained 1000 tons of liquid scintillator (LS) The data includes 58603-day data since the
LS purification was started
The LS purification is distillation and N2 purge for LS and was performed to reduce low energy backgrounds
such as 85
Kr 210
Bi and 210
Po These isotopes were reduced by ~ 185000 ~ 12100 and ~ 116 respectively While
the LS purification reduced backgrounds it caused the decrease of light yield by ~ 20 and following the deviation
of the position and time dependence Energy and its deviation are corrected using calibration and spallation data
before the geo-neutrino analysis
Anti-neutrinos are extracted from data using the likelihood selection based on the probability density function of
anti-neutrinos and accidental backgrounds depending on those rate to use low energy region and outer volume with
many accidental backgrounds
The main backgrounds for geo-neutrinos are reactor neutrinos and 13
C(alpha n)16
O reaction The latter is
reduced by ~ 116 after the LS purification due to the reduction of the main alpha source 210
Po
The expected number of geo-neutrinos is calculated using the reference Earth model based on seismology
petrology and the BSE model It is 976 events The Rate + Shape + Time analysis was performed using these
results The best-fit of geo-neutrinos does not conflict with the expectation The accuracy of measurement was
significantly improved from the last official result Zero geo-neutrinos are excluded at over 3 sigma CL That is
the first evidence of geo-neutrinos The fully-radiogenic models of 44 TW or 31 TW were also restricted for the
first time
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 51
Talk-35
Geometric Analysis on Einstein Equation
Sumio Yamada
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
The Einstein equation states that the spacetime we live in is Ricci-flat (vacuum case) namely it is flat in the
sense that the Ricci curvature tensor of the spacetime as a Lorentzian manifold vanishes If it is simply flat then
the space becomes trivial namely the spacetime is isometric to the Minkowski space The Ricci-flatness on the
other hand allows much freedom in determining the shape of the spacetime The degree of freedom is manifest in
the nonlinearity of the Einstein equation whose structure as a system of fully nonlinear partial differential
equations has discouraged mathematicians and physicists alike for many years
In this talk we will present several aspects of current research which are different approaches to the task of
understanding the Einstein equation The first one is from the viewpoint of three dimensional Riemannian
geometry where the threefold represents the space obtained by fixing ldquotimerdquo in the spacetime The second comes
from analyzing the Einstein equation as an evolution equation of the threefold a sort of deformation theory over
time The third approach is to formulate exact solutions of the Einstein equation which often contains
singularities the ldquoblackholesrdquo
The complete understanding of the Einstein equation still remains elusive those systematic approaches have
proved to be productive in mathematics as well as theoretical physics so that there are many beautiful theories born
out of the investigations
Talk-36
Study of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed
Study matter in gravitational wave astronomy
Yousuke Itoh
Astronomical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
Among the known four forces gravity is the most weak interaction As a result it is expected that gravitational
wave astronomy will enables us to explore the new aspects of the universe which are hidden for electromagnetic and
neutrino astronomers Those include the early universe beyond the redshift ~ 1000 (the last scattering surface of the
cosmic microwave background) and properties of matter inside highly compact stars In this talk I will briefly review
the gravitational wave theory how we detect it the current status of the world-wide efforts for gravitational wave
detection and then talk about our research efforts
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
52 |
Talk-37
Development of Readout Board for FPCCD Detector
Yosuke Takubo
Department of physics Tohoku University
Abstract
FPCCD (Fine Pixel CCD) is a CCD detector whose pixel size is 5 x 5 μm2 and thickness of the sensitive layer
is 15 μm The sensitive layer of FPCCD is fully depleted to suppress the diffusion in the epitaxial layer and it
realizes good hit separation capability It is considered to use FPCCD for the high energy physics material science
and astronomy since the small pixel size realizes the excellent position resolution To establish the technology we
developed the test sample of FPCCD in 2008 whose pixel size is 12 x 12 μm2 The pixel size will be make smaller
to 6 x 6 μm2 in the second test sample in 2010 We also developed prototype of the readout ASIC to operate and
readout FPCCD
Together with the FPCCD sensor and readout ASIC development of the readout system is important issue
There are some requirements to the readout system due to characteristics of the FPCCD The readout speed must be
above 10 Mpixsec for one readout channel to read all the pixels The readout board must have ability of the data
processing like zero-suppression to reduce data sent to PC The data transfer rate to PC should be about 1 Gbps
We developed prototype of the readout board for FPCCD in 2009 The readout board is designed as
KEK-VME9U module The LVDS input and output is prepared to treat 16 x 4 channels Since a FPGA (Field
Programmable Gate Array) is equipped on the board logic for data processing could be easily modified The data
transfer rate to PC of 1 Gbps is realized by SiTCP technology in which the logic for TCPIP is embedded in FPGA
In my talk the status of development of the readout board will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 53
Talk-38
Theoretical Formulation of Morphology Dynamics of Membranes
Based on a Combination of Mathematical Models and Differential
Geometry
Yutaka Oya1)
Masatoshi Toda1)
Katsuhiko Sato1)
Toshihiro Kawakatsu1)
and
Izumi Takagi2)
1) Department of Physics 2) Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
Bio-membranes and vesicles are bilayers of lipid molecules with closed form A typical example is red blood cell
It is well known that the equilibrium shape of these membranes are determined by minimizing the following
Helfrich bending elastic energy [1]
2
02
CCdH aa
(1)
where ad is the infinitesimal area element of the membrane surface aC the local mean curvature 0C the
spontaneous curvature the bending elastic constant This energy is to be minimized among closed surfaces
having the prescribed surface area and bounding volume [2]
Although this Helfrich model is successful for equilibrium shape problems it is not easy to study dynamical
processes such as deformation fission and fusion of membranes under an external flow field or in the presence of
guest molecules such as polymers injected into the membrane In such a situation a field-theoretic approach to
Helfrich model is quite useful It is called the phase field (PF) model where the infinitely thin membrane
described by eq(1) is approximated by a finitely thin interface (topological defect) of a scalar field r [3] As
the membrane is described by a filed variable it is easy to combine it with other fields for example a flow field
(Navier-Stokes (NS) equation) or a density distribution of polymer chains (self-consistent field (SCF) theory)
We develop theoretical formulations for polymer chains encapsulated in
a membrane (PF+SCF) and for membranes floating in a flow field
(PF+NS) The former is a model of drag delivery system and the latter is a
model for a blood flow in a blood vessel Figure 1 shows typical
axisymmetric shapes of membranes that contain polymer chains obtained
by PF+SCF technique A shape deformation of membrane induced by the
injected polymer can be observed
[1] UZeifert Adv Phys 46 (1997) 13
[2] TNagasawa and ITakagi Calc Var and PDE 16 (2003) 63
[3] QDu C Liu and X Wang J Comput Phys 198 (2004) 450
a)
b)
Fig1 Two typical axisymmetric
shapes of membranes containing
polymers inside (a) prolate and (b)
oblate shapes
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
54 |
Talk-39
The search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics
from the logical and philosophical point of view
Keita Yokoyama
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
In this research we investigate the certainty of foundations of mathematics including the concepts of infinity
provability axiomatizability normativity determinacy and so on In this talk we will overview the certainty of
infinitesimal analysis by means of the measure of the logical strength as an example
In the 17th century differential and integral calculus was developed using infinitely small or infinitesimal
quantities by G W Leibniz and others However the theory of infinitesimals was completely replaced by the
theory of limits in the 19th century In 1960rsquos A Robinson introduced the theory of non-standard analysis and
justified the theory of infinitesimals in it [1] Non-standard analysis has been investigated by many researchers as a
branch of logic or analysis and it has been applied to the study of analysis number theory and other fields of
mathematics On the other hand the strengths of many theorems of classical analysis are measured by comparing
them with axioms of arithmetic as a program of Reverse Mathematics by H Friedman S Simpson and others [2]
For example the axiom ldquoweak Koenigrsquos lemma (WKL)rdquo is equivalent to the Brouwer fixed point theorem and the
Cauchy integral theorem and the axiom ldquoarithmetical comprehension (ACA)rdquo is equivalent to the AscoliArzela
lemma and the Riemann mapping theorem Then can we measure the certainty of infinitesimal analysis Is
infinitesimal analysis more complex or less certain than classical analysis Our aim is to answer these question
In 1980rsquos H J Keisler gave simple axioms for the theory of infinitesimal analysis So we measure the strengths
of these axioms by comparing them with axioms of arithmetic The axioms of infinitesimal analysis consist of
ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo ldquotransfer principlerdquo and other weak principles named nsBASIC Our main
results of this study are following
1 nsBASIC plus ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo is a conservative extension of the axiom of arithmetic
WKL
2 nsBASIC plus ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo plus ldquotransfer principlerdquo is a conservative extension of
the axiom of arithmetic ACA
It is known that the most part of classical analysis can be developed within WKL or ACA Consequently the theory
of infinitesimal analysis has the same certainty as the theory of classical analysis
References
[1] Stephen G Simpson Subsystems of Second Order Arithmetic Perspectives Springer-Verlag 1999
[2] A Robinson Non-standard Analysis North-Holland revised edition 1974
[3] Keita Yokoyama Formalizing non-standard arguments in second-order arithmetic to appear
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 55
Abstracts of Poster Presentations
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
56 |
Po-1
Coherent control of excited states by multipulse photo excitation
Kenta Abe
Physics D2 Tohoku University
The control of quantum phenomena with modulated laser pulses has already been demonstrated successfully on
a variety of chemical and physical systems For example the temporal structure of the pulse can be periodically
modified to yield a train of pulses If the temporal spacing of the pulse train coincides with the period of a
molecular vibration a wavepacket involving just a selected mode can be excited selectively over other modes We
adopted coherent control method using multipulse excitation to get information about transient vibration of the
excited states in materials
The coherent control measurement was carried out by a setup based on femtosecond absorption spectroscopy
Output of the Tisapphire laser system (800nm 1mJ 150fs 1kHz) was divided into several parts One part was
used to generate the tunable prepump (~100fs) by an infrared optical parametric amplifier (IR-OPA) The prepump
generated the excited state in the materials Another part was used to drive a noncollinear OPA (NOPA) generating
the ultrashort transform-limit (TL) pulse (lt20 fs) for the coherent control A pulse shaper which consists of a spatial
light modulator (SLM) with 800times600 pixels in a 4f arrangement modulated the TL pulse and generated the shaped
pump pulse The rest output generated the broadband tunable probe pulse using another NOPA and a prism pair
pulse compressor Time resolution of the system was about 20fs
Nile Blue was selected as prototype system because of its strong oscillatory features The coherent vibration
induced by the TL or shaped pump pulse was observed Figure 2 shows the Fourier transform (FT) spectra of the
transient vibration with and without the prepump With the prepump the peak frequency of the FT-spectrum is
lower than that without the prepump The multipulse excitation could successfully induce the coherent vibration in
the excited state Furthermore we carried out the coherent control by the shaped pump pulse The periodic pulse
trains can selectively control the coherent vibration in the ground andor excited states
Fig 2 Transient vibration induced by TL pulse Fig 1 Sketch of the multipulse excitation setup
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 57
Po-2
de Haas ndashvan Alphen effect studies in the Antiferro-Quadrupolar
ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3
T Isshiki T Komatsubara HS Suzuki N Kimura H Aoki
Physics D3 Tohoku University
In the past decade it is found that higher order multipoles (quadrupolar octupolar etc) play a key role in some
rare earth and actinide systems Although a great number of studies have been performed the mechanism of the
multipolar ordering has not been clarified yet On the other hand some previous experiments suggest that the
quadrupolar ordering is mediated via the conduction electrons Moreover in some Pr-based compounds which have
nonmagnetic 3 doublet in the crystalline electric field ground state a huge CT value is observed in the specific
heat measurement even at low temperatures These results indicate that quadrupole moments might be strongly
coupled with the conduction electrons but there is no clear evidence so far Therefore it is important to investigate
the role of the conduction electrons in these systems
The de Haas -van Alphen(dHvA) effect is a powerful method to measure the properties of conduction electrons
We study the dHvA effect in the antiferro-quadrupolar(AFQ) ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3 (1) to
investigate whether or not a huge CT at low temperatures and the non-Fermi liquid behavior reported for the
specific heat and electrical resistivity in Pr1-xLaxPb3 come from the interplay between quadrupole moments and the
conduction electrons (2) to investigate how the change of the f electron state such as the one from the
para-quadrupolar state to the AFQ state affects the properties of conduction electrons and (3) to investigate the
quantum criticality of the quadrupolar ordering
We have succeeded in observing the change in the properties of conduction electrons associated with the change
of the f electron state The details are discussed in this presentation
Po-3
Measurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum
in the Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHC
Takumi Ito
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Supersymmetry (SUSY) is the well-motivated candidate of the physics beyond the standard model If
SUSY really exists at the TeV energy scale a large number of SUSY particles are produced at the LHC
experiments A signature of SUSY at the LHC strongly depends on the SUSY mass spectrum Some
SUSY models have a long-lived heavy charged particle and in such case we should completely alter a
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
58 |
strategy to study the SUSY events from one in a widely-studied case with a long-lived heavy neutral
particle
We study the model with a long-lived stau (supersymmetric partner of tau lepton) and demonstrate the
several masses of superpaticles can be measured with a good accuracy [1] We focus on the case in which
the mass differences between the lightest stau and other sleptons are ~ 10 GeV or larger so that the decay
products of heavier sleptons are hard enough to be detected First we determine the masses of neutralinos as
the endpoint of the invariant mass distribution of (tau-jet - stau) since neutralinos mainly decay to the
lightest stau Next with the assist of the knowledge of the neutralino mass the masses of the right-handed
sleptons are determined as the sharp peak in the distribution of the invariant mass of (lepton - tau - stau)
Also squark (almost right-handed) masses can be measured well
In the previous study we left the mass reconstructions of other particles such as gluino charginos left-handed
sleptons and left-handed squarks They are in progress [2]
Reference
[1] Takumi Ito Ryuichiro Kitano and Takeo Moroi ldquoMeasurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum in the
Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHCrdquo arXiv 09105853 [hep-ph]
[2] Takumi Ito Ryuichiro Kitano and Takeo Moroi work in progress
Po-4
In situ NMR imaging of lithium- ion batteries
during chargedischarge cycle
Yoshiki Iwai
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Lithium-ion batteries are quite important power sources for mobile devices such as mobile phones notebook
computers portable audio players etc It is necessary to observe ion motion of liquid electrolyte in lithium-ion
batteries for increasing their safety and understanding mechanisms of the degradations Over the last several
decades many types of in-situ technique (X-ray Raman scattering infrared spectroscopy etc) have been adopted to
investigate the lithium-ion dynamics Moreover visualizing techniques are also starting to be employed for material
science over the biological and medical field X-ray and neutron tomography can see through the batteries however
these two techniques have disadvantages for lithium-ion batteries X-ray has low sensitivity for organic electrolyte
because the sensitivity of X-ray is proportional to weight of atoms Neutron beam has high sensitivity for proton
(1H) and lithium (
6Li and
7Li) however big facilities are need for the experiments Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Imaging (NMR imaging ) is also nondestructive imaging technique which can satisfy these two demands high
sensitivity of light atoms such as proton (or lithium) and small instrument compared with Neutron facilities The
aim of this work is to observe liquid electrolyte in the lithium-ion battery by NMR imaging technique to understand
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 59
ionic motion and behavior of its degradation as a function of electrochemical cycling As a start of this work I
report lithium (7Li) and proton (
1H) imaging data of special designed lithium-ion battery which is composed of
lithium-metal (negative electrode) and LiCoO2 (positive electrode) filled with liquid electrolyte LiClO4PC
Po-5
Crack propagation in largely deformed rubber sheet
Daiki Endo
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
60 |
Po-6
Optical response of photonic crystal with multi-layered structure
Rihei Endo
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Recently there has been rapid progress in the performance of nano scale artificial structure It is known that
the photonic crystals take an important role in developing next-generation devices Photonic crystals have a
photonic band structure with a gap energy that excludes light with a certain frequency which is the same
analogy as the energy band structure in the crystal of the solid We can control light freely by operating these
structures artificially and it is possible to create new type devices with new features
So far we had investigated one-electron properties of one-dimensional self-similar structures (SSS) SSS are
classified into the third group of systems in addition to periodic systems and random systems Electronic states
of SSS exhibits rich properties For example the presence of energy spectra and wave functions which have
multifractal characters is peculiar to such systems And almost all eigenstates for electrons are critical states
whose nature locate between extended states and localised states
Applying the concept of SSS to photonic crystals we aim at a development of a new type of optical device
We confine our discussion in 1D photonic crystals which consist of two different dielectric material layers A
and B in a SSS We assume the materials of A and B layers to be non-absorbing isotropic and uniform
dielectric matirials with reflective indices na and nb respectively (see fig1) To set up 1D self-similar
photonic crystal we apply the substitution rule to determine the order of two kinds of layer as shown in fig2 In
this poster We have investigated the time-dependent optical response of S-polarized wave and P-polarized
wave (see fig3) on this SSS by using transfer matrix method [1]
[1] J Phys A Math Gen 37 (2004) L1-L6 Rihei Endou Komajiro Niizeki Nobuhisa Fujita
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 61
Po-7
Pseudo-spin Kondo effect in a capacitively-coupled parallel double
quantum dot
Yuma OKAZAKI
Physics D1 Tohoku University
A low-dimensional nano-structure fabricated by semiconductor fine processing technology offers the ideal
playground for studying quantum and correlative nature of electrons Especially electronic states can be controlled
at a single electron level in a zero-dimensionally confined system known as a quantum dot (QD) The Kondo effect
is an electron correlation phenomenon resulting from a dynamical spin singlet formation between a localized spin
at the QD and its surrounding conduction electrons via an effective exchange interaction The Kondo effect has
been well investigated in bulk materials containing dilute magnetic impurities However more tunable approach for
the Kondo physics is possible with the helps of QDrsquos parameter-controllability
In this poster we show transport measurements in a double QD system with inter-dot capacitive coupling In
such a device charge degrees of freedom can be regarded as a pseudo-spin and play the equivalent role to the
electron spin in the Kondo physics Although the pseudo-spin Kondo effect has been already discussed in some
reported articles more quantitative and conclusive experimental results are lacking Two fingerprints for the
pseudo-spin Kondo singlet were experimentally observed in our fabricated device(Fig a b) The first one is Kondo
zero bias anomaly which originates from a many-body resonance level pinned at the Fermi surface due to the
Kondo singlet formation(Fig c) The second one is Kondo scaling which describes universal temperature
dependence scaled by the Kondo temperature A good fit was obtained between the observed temperature
dependence and a theoretical curve by numerical renormalization group theory(Fig d) Moreover a contribution
from the pseudo-spin was discussed via measurements in a finite in-plane magnetic field In conclusion a
formation of the pseudo-spin Kondo singlet was determined
Fig (a)Scanning electron microscope image of the device Electrons are confined into regions illustrated by circles (b)The charge stability diagram showing charge configurations in the two QDs VL(VR) is bias voltages applied to the gate L(R) labeled in Fig (a) The arrows depict charge and spin states (c)Kondo zero bias anomaly and (d)Kondo scaling were measured at the center of the two-headed arrow in Fig (b)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
62 |
Po-8
Spin and charge dynamics in a photo-excited double exchange system
Yu Kanamori
D2 Department of Physics Tohoku University
Hiroaki Matsueda1 and Sumio Ishihara
2
1Sendai National College of Technology
2Department of Physics Tohoku University
A variety of electronic phases in correlated electron systems is attributed to strong interplay between multi-degrees of
freedom of electrons such as charge spin and orbital Gigantic changes in electronic state are caused by weak perturbation in a
vicinity of phase boundary Perovskite manganite is one of the typical correlated electron materials with multi-degrees of
freedom Recently ultrafast photo-induced phenomena by applying femtosecond laser pulse have been measured in the
charge-ordered (CO) insulator associated with the antiferromagnetic (AF) order [1] Transient optical reflectivity and
magnet-optic Kerr rotation suggest strong coupling between the charge and spin degrees of freedom in the photo-induced states
Nonlinear increase of reflectivity change for photo-excitation density has been also reported
We study photo-induced charge and spin dynamics in perovskite manganite We adopt the extended double-exchange model
in one-dimension where the on-site and nearest-neighbor Coulomb repulsions between the eg electrons and the
nearest-neighbor AF exchange coupling between the t2g localized spins are taken into account By using the exact
diagonalization method and density-matrix renormalization-group method several transient spectra and static correlation
functions are obtained
It is shown that just after the photo-irradiation CO is melted and the band width of photo-carriers gradually increases with
increasing time The time dependence of the photo-carrier band and that of the in-gap component of the optical conductivity are
correlated with that in the spin correlation indicating strong coupling between charge and spin sectors This time scale is
governed by the electron transfer integral We also examine the photon intensity dependence of the spin and charge dynamics It
is found that pump photon intensity where the energy gain in the spin sector is saturated is smaller than that where the charge
energy is saturated This result implies that the spin and charge sectors are decoupled in the view point of the pump
photon-intensity
This work is supported by the global COE program of MEXT Japan
References
[1] K Miyasaka et al Phys Rev B 74 012401 (2006)
[2] H Matsueda and S Ishihara J Phys Soc Jpn 76 083703 (2007)
[3] Y Kanamori H Matsueda and S Ishihara Phys Rev Lett 103 267401 (2009)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 63
Po-9
Observation of 8B Solar Neutrinos with KamLAND
Yoshiaki Kibe (D3)
Department of Physics Research Center for Neutrino Science Tohoku University
The Kamioka Liquid Scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector that is KamLAND experiment is located at the site of the
former Kamiokande experiment in Gifu Prefecture Japan KamLAND uses 1 metric kton of liquid scintillator
contained in a 65m radius 135μm thick NylonEVOH balloon
Measurements of solar neutrinos and reactor anti-neutrinos have established neutrino oscillation and the Large
Mixing Angle (LMA) solution with matter effects described by Mikheyev Smirnov and Wolfenstein (MSW) as the
correct description of neutrino propagation from the Sun The 8B decay creates the continuous energy spectrum and
dominates the high-energy solar neutrino flux This has been measured previously using neutrino-electron
scattering with water Cherenkov detectors like Kamiokande Super-Kamiokande and SNO and the liquid
scintillator detector like Borexino The water Cherenkov detectors are able to reconstruct the direction of the
incoming neutrino and typically have thresholds of around 5 MeV Liquid scintillator detectors have much better
energy solution and the possibility of lower energy thresholds but no directional information The detection method
exploits the neutrino-electron elastic scattering reaction in the solar neutrino detection at KamLAND
The newly developed purification system rejects the radioactive backgrounds It allows us to explore lower
threshold of 35 MeV where is the unexplored energy region for 8B solar neutrino detection This work shows the
first measurement of 8B solar neutrino flux in KamLAND with 35 and 55 MeV thresholds
Po-10
z ~3 LYMAN BREAK GALAXY CLUSTER SURVEY IN SSA22
WITH VIMOS
Katsuki Kousai
Physics D2 Tohoku University
We report our redshift survey of z~3 Lyman break galaxies ( LBGs ) We observed LBGs spectra in SSA22
( 221734 +001504 ) 912 arcsec2 field to identify those spectral redshift and to study three dimensional
distribution of LBGs We have obtained spectral redshifts of 94 LBGs and found spike at z=31 33 and 37 in the
redshift distribution
SSA22 is a field in which Steidel et al discovered high density region of LBGs at z=309 ( Steidel et al 1998 )
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
64 |
They determined spectral redshifts of 99 LBGs at z~3 in 162 arcsec2 field They found a critical spike at z=309 in
their redshift distribution of LBGs
We have detected a lot of Lyman alpha emitters ( LAEs ) at z=309 in 912 arcsec2 field which contains the high
density region discovered by Steidel et al in our narrowband filter (NB497 band pass centered at 4977 Å
bandwidth of FWHM 77Å ) survey for LAEs with Subaru Prime Focus Camera to find a large scale structure of
LAEs ( Hayashino et al 2004 )
We also carried out LBG redshift survey in our LAE survey area We observed z~3 LBG candidates in the field
with ESO-VLT VIsible MultiObject Spectrograph ( VIMOS ) in 2006 and 2008 We identify spectral redshifts of 94
LBGs with Lyman alpha emission line ( 1216Åin rest-flame ) or metal absorption line ( Si II O I C II ( 1216Å
1303Å 1334Å in rest-flame ) etc )
We drew redshift distribution of those LBGs In our redshift distribution we found spike not only at z=31 that was
discovered by Steidel but also z=33 and 37 We also study spatial distribution of LBGs that is included those spikes It seems
that LBGs in each spikes are clustered in sky distribution of those LBGs
In our poster we report on the redshift distribution of 94 LBGs at z~3 the property of those density peaks that is found in
the redshift distribution and the spatial distribution of LBGs
Po-11
EELS and SXES studies of electronic structures of Al-TM alloys
Shogo Koshiya
Physics D1 Tohoku University
After the discovery of an icosahedral symmetry material (quasicrystals) in a melt-quenched Al6Mn alloy [1]
great effort has been spent for understanding the presence of quasiperiodic structured materials In recent years
Hume-Rothery mechanism which predicts an existence of a pseudogap around Fermi level (EF) is accepted as a
major reason for the stabilization of quasicrystals The presences of pseudogap structures in quasicrystals were
experimentally confirmed by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and EELS EELS experiments also pointed out
characteristic chemical shifts in Al L-shell excitation spectra of Al-based quasicrystals [2] which suggested a
decrease of valence electron charge at Al sites Recently a covalent bonding nature in quasicrystals was reported by
MEMRietveld analysis of 10-Al12Re and 11-Al73Re27Si10 [3] Thus it is interesting to investigate the relation
between chemical shift and bonding nature of quasicrystals On the other hand the systematic measurements of
electronic structures of the normal Al-transition metal (Al-TM) alloys help the understanding of the bonding
nature of the Al-based quasicrystal
In this study the chemical shift which is sensitive to the amount of valence electron of amorphous (Am)
quasicrystalline (QC) and crystalline (Cryst) phases of Al53Si27Mn20 alloys were investigated by a high
energy-resolution EELS transmission electron-microscope (TEM) [4] and a soft-X-ray emission spectroscopy
(SXES) instrument attached to a TEM [5]
From EELS measurements of Al L-edge (2p rarr CV) of the phases it was clearly shown that only the QC phase
showed an apparent shift to the larger binding energy side by 04 eV compared with that of Al single crystal This
result should be due to a large binding energy of Al L-shell of QC phase than that of pure Al (chemical shift) From
SXES measurements of Al K -emission (2p rarr 1s) of the phases it was revealed for the first time that the spectrum
of QC phase clearly showed a shift to the larger energy side of about 4 eV These results clearly indicate that the chemical shift is characteristic for QC phase Si K -emission spectrum of QC phase also showed a clear shift of
about 6 eV On the other hand there was not an apparent chemical shift for Mn L -emission (3d rarr 2p) Those
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 65
EELS and SXES results suggest that the amounts of valence electron of Al and Si atomic sites of Al53Si27Mn20
alloys are decreased only in the QC phase However Mn site does not change its valence electron charge
apparently in Am QC and Crystal phases It can be due to a localization of valence electrons of Mn atom
Chemical shifts of all constituent atoms for Am QC and Cryst phases of Al53Si27Mn20 alloys were examined first
time by EELS and SXES These results clearly presented that a chemical shift is characteristic for QC phase It
should be also noted that only Al and Si atoms of Al53Si27Mn20 change those valence electron states in QC phase
Experimental results of EELS and SXES on 10-Al12Re and 11-Al73Re17Si10 approximant crystals and Al-TM
alloys will be also presented
References
[1] D Schechtman et al Phys Rev Lett 53 1951 (1984)
[2] M Terauchi et al Phil Mag 87 2947 (2007)
[3] K Kirihara et al Phys Rev B 64 212201 (2001)
[4] M Tanaka et al Microsc Microanal 8 (Suppl 2) 68 (2002)
[5] M Terauchi et al Microsc Microanal 13 (Suppl 2) 166 (2007)
Po-12
Comparison of membrane physical property changes between DMPC
membrane and DMPE membrane induced by melittin
Atsuji Kodama
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Melittin an amphipathic peptide composed of 26 amino acid residues from honeybee venom is
widely used as a model of membrane protein in the study of lipid-protein interaction in
biomembranes In this study interaction of melittin with DMPC membranes and DMPE membranes
were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and fluorescent spectrometry with an
environment sensitive fluorescent dye Laurdan and tryptophan (Trp) residue in melittin In DSC
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
66 |
study the main phase transition peak of DMPC became broader gradually with increasing of
melittin On the other hand such a transition peak behavior was not observed in DMPE
thermograms In the fluorescent study with Laurdan Generalized Polarization (GP) was calculated
from I440 and I490 of Laurdan emission spectra Around phase transition temperature GP value for
DMPE changed drastically in the presence of melittin compared with in the absence of melittin It
indicated that melittin disturbed infiltration of water molecules into the lipid glycerol backbone
regions Contrary to DMPE temperature region of GP value change for DMPC became broader with
increasing of melittin It related to the reduction of transition cooperativity In the tryptophan
fluorescent study λmax was shorter than the system without lipids through the all temperature
regions at all mole fractions of melittin in DMPC systems In DMPEMelittin systems λmax was
longer than DMPCMelittin systems The results showed that melittin was in the hydrophobic
environment in DMPCMelittin systems On the other hand melittin was in hydrophilic
environment in DMPEMelittin systems These results indicated that melittin located in DMPC
membrane and on DMPE membrane surface From the GP value the glycerol backbone regions of DMPE
membranes have higher packing compared with DMPC one It indicated that the higher packing of DMPE
possibly disturbed penetration of melittin
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 67
Po-13
Resonant x-ray scattering experiment on Pr(Ru1-xRhx)4P12
Kotaro Saito
Dept of Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
68 |
Po-14
Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Anti-neutrinos travel from the Earthrsquos interior due to beta decays of mainly three isotopes 238
U 232
Th and 40
K
The study of geo-neutrinos was performed using 207659-day data taken with KamLAND which is the
anti-neutrino detector contained 1000 tons of liquid scintillator (LS) The data includes 58603-day data since the
LS purification was started
The LS purification is distillation and N2 purge for LS and was performed to reduce low energy backgrounds
such as 85
Kr 210
Bi and 210
Po These isotopes were reduced by ~ 185000 ~ 12100 and ~ 116 respectively While
the LS purification reduced backgrounds it caused the decrease of light yield by ~ 20 and following the deviation
of the position and time dependence Energy and its deviation are corrected using calibration and spallation data
before the geo-neutrino analysis
Anti-neutrinos are extracted from data using the likelihood selection based on the probability density function of
anti-neutrinos and accidental backgrounds depending on those rate to use low energy region and outer volume with
many accidental backgrounds The number of anti-neutrino candidates is 2043 events
The main backgrounds for geo-neutrinos are reactor neutrinos and 13
C(alpha n)16
O reaction The latter is reduced
by ~ 116 after the LS purification due to the reduction of the main alpha source 210
Po The number of total
backgrounds is estimated to be 20158 events
The expected number of geo-neutrinos is calculated using the reference Earth model based on
seismology petrology and the BSE model It is 976 events The Rate + Shape + Time analysis was
performed using these results The best-fit of geo-neutrinos is 860plusmn279 267 (32 accuracy) and does
not conflict with the expectation Zero geo-neutrinos are excluded at 34σ(9993) From the
estimated geo-neutrino flux and the model the upper limits of radiogenic heat from U and Th and
their mass in the mantle are 30 TW and 59x1017 kg at 90 CL This result excludes the
fully-radiogenic models of 37 TW and 44 TW at 976 and 996 CL respectively
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 69
Po-15
Pressure dependence of B-T phase diagram in
heavy-fermion superconductor CeRhSi3
Tetsuya Sugawara(D2) Noriaki Kimura(Assis Prof) and Haruyoshi Aoki(Prof)
Department of Physics Tohoku University
CeRhSi3 is a noncentrosymmetric heavy-fermion pressure-induced superconductor discovered in 2005 by N
Kimura et al [1] Its crystal structure lacks an inversion center which is characteristic of this compound as shown
in the inset of Fig 1 The superconductivity emerges above 02GPa although the antiferromagnetic order persists
up to 24GPa Therefore CeRhSi3 can provide two fascinating aspects of the superconductivity namely
noncentrosymmetric and heavy-fermion superconductivity
We reported the temperature dependence of the upper-critical-field Bc2(T) along the tetragonal c-axis of CeRhSi3
and the existence of a bend on the Bc2(T)-curve at the last forum To elucidate the nature of the bend we have
performed the precise measurement of the electrical resistivity at several pressures Figure 2 shows the resultant
Bc2(T)-curves of CeRhSi3 We found the bend appears at 24GPa at which the antiferromagnetic ordering
disappers at zero field This fact suggests that the bend is associated with the magnetism
At the forum we will also report the pressure dependence of other superconducting parameters and discuss the
nature of the bend
Reference
[1]N Kimura et al Phys Rev Lett 95 (2005) 247004
Fig 1 Crystal structure and T-P phase diagram
of CeRhSi3
Fig 2 Pressure dependence of the Bc2(T)-curve
of CeRhSi3
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
70 |
Po-16
Neutral meson photoproduction with electromagnetic calorimeter
complex FOREST
Koutaku Suzuki
Physics D3 Tohoku University
We have been studying hadron properties via the π0 and η photoproduction reactions at Research Center for
Electron Photon Science Tohoku University Recently we observed a narrow baryon resonance at Eγ ~ 1020
MeV in the γ d rarr η n p reaction The resonance seems to show up in the γ n rarr η n reaction since no signal has
been observed so far in the γ p rarr η p reaction at the same energy region
To investigate the resonance in more detail we developed a large solid angle electro-magnetic calorimeter
system FOREST It consists of three types of electromagnetic calorimeters and three plastic scintillator hodoscopes
One calorimeter located in a forward angular region is made up with 192 pure CsI crystals the second one covering
the polar angle from 30degto 100degcomprises 252 lead scintillating fiber blocks and the remaining calorimeter are
built with 36 lead glass Cherenkov counters The energy resolutions of pure CsI crystals lead scintillating fiber
blocks and lead glass Cherenkov counters are 21 72 and 49 respectively for 10 GeV electrons The
plastic scintillator hodoscopes are placed in front of these calorimeters to distinguish a particle being charged or
neutral FOREST covers the solid angle of about 90 in total
Experiments for π0 and η photoproduction reactions have been performed with FOREST The current status and
analysis of the experiments will be introduced
Po-17
Micro-photoluminescence around spin phase transition of ν=23
fractional quantum Hall regime
J HayakawaAK Muraki
BG YusaA
ADepartment of Physics Tohoku University
BNTT Basic Research Laboratories NTT Corporation
We have been interested in Landau level filling factor ν=23 fractional quantum Hall(FQH) regime because of
their interesting feature The spin degrees of freedom of electrons play an important role in this system That is
because the competition between Coulomb energy and Zeeman energy defines the ground state There are two
possible ground states unpolarized and fully polarized states A spin phase transition between these two states
occurs therefore domain formation with two polarizations is expected at certain magnetic field and carrier density
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 71
But actual size and shape of domains have not observed Moreover the dynamics of domains related to electric
current or nuclear spin polarization has been unveiled yet In contrast with standard transport measurement optical
measurement can reveal local configurations of electron spin Therefore we aim for direct observation of spin
domains at ν=23 by optical techniques
In our previous work we have measured circularly polarized photoluminescence from semiconductor quantum
well in the FQH regime at ν=23 We have found the peak intensity of singlet charged exciton tends to increase up
to transition point and it tends to decrease beyond this point by decreasing electron density On the other hand the
peak intensity of triplet charged exciton tends to monotonically increase by decreasing electron density Thus the
peak intensity of charged excitons can be used as a probe to detect local spin polarization
In order to acquire the image of spin domains we developed a scanning optical microscope in a dilution
refrigerator We illuminate samples with a laser through a square core multimode fiber to obtain a uniform electron
density over the sample Photoluminescence is collected by two polarization-maintaining fibers through circular
polarizer consisted of a quarter waveplate and a polarization beam splitter In this arrangement the core of the fiber
functions as a pinhole The sample is scanned by piezo-stage This experimental set-up will enable us to directly
observe the spin domains with micron order spatial resolution
Po-18
Ionic conductivity of Trehalose-Water-Lithium iodide mixture in glass
and supercooled liquid state
Reiji Takekawa
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Compound in the glassy state a certain kind of systems have ionic conductivity and the other donrsquot have ionic
conductivity in glassy ionic compound The former is decouple to glass framework and ion and latter is couple
That is beneficial to studying characteristic of glass transition in both system for principle and search higher
conductivity electrolyte Usually ldquocouplingrdquo sample and ldquodecouplingrdquo sample is another composed system Thus
that shouldnrsquot be studied details how to change between coupling glass to decoupling glass In this work search
systems which change coupling glass to decoupling glass with the different molar ration
In the previous study LiI-6H2O is good glass former and glass transition temperature Tg is -130 Glass
framework is hydrogen band network and lithium ion that coupled strongly To change decouple system I add
disaccharide Trehalose In general sugar group can make good stable glass Stabling glassy state and upper Tg
super cooled liquid state is important to some measuring in this case Thus I measured three component
trehalose-H2O-LiI systems In this system there is wide glass transition compound region
Result of Tg measurement by DSC Tg become higher increase with trehalose ratio Tg is 20 which ratio is
58 328 614 (trehalose-H2O-LiI molar ratio) I Compare conductivity at the glass transition temperature that
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
72 |
with LiI-6H2O (143 857) samples former is 5 order higher than latter The large increase suggest mobility
increase and changing coupling to decoupling system Consequently trehalose-H2O-LiI system is suitable to study
detail of coupling glass and decoupling glass
Po-19
Progress of the new DAQ system for wide-band solar neutrino
observation with KamLAND
Takemoto Yasuhiro
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Precise measurement of fluxes of solar neutrinos could examine validity of Standard Solar Model With
KamLAND previous efforts on solar neutrino observation focused on individual kind of those eg 8B
7Be
neutrinos Observation of those neutrinos was enabled by ultra-pure liquid scintillator which was even more
purified in these several years
However there still exist two major sources of backgrounds which are difficult to remove with current
electronics One source is a long-lived isotope eg 11
C 10
C which is produced in cosmic muon induced spallation
A huge muon is followed by high-rate events (up to several hundred events within one millisecond) including
neutrons which are byproducts of spallation isotopes Since decay of a spallation isotope comes too late to be told
as it detection of the neutrons which have space correlation with the isotope is necessary for identifying the
isotope and to extract neutrino signals from backgrounds Dead time of current DAQ electronics makes it difficult
to detect all of these neutrons which prevents us from salvaging neutrino events The other source of backgrounds
is residual radioactive impurity A part of decays of 85
Kr one of radioactive impurities is observed as two signals
but the first signal is too small to be triggered
My colleagues and I have been developed new electronics which consist of DAQ electronics which are free
from dead time within such event rate and intelligent trigger electronics which utilize the huge buffers inside the
DAQ electronics
At the present moment production assessment and installation of the electronics have accomplished And I
report here recent progress including installation in-situ tuning of on-board signal processing logic and of DAQ
software and future prospects of this project
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 73
Po-20
Double Chooz PMT preparation
TABATA Hiroshi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Double Chooz experiment is a reactor neutrino experiment searching for last undefined neutrino mixing angle
θ13
The most stringent constraint on the third mixing angle comes from the CHOOZ reactor neutrino experiment as
sin2(2θ13)lt02 Double Chooz will explore the range of sin
2(2θ13) with a sensitivity down to 003-002 within three
years of data taking The improvement of the CHOOZ result requires an increase in the statistics a reduction of the
systematic error below one percent and a careful control of the backgrounds Therefore Double Chooz will use
two identical detectors one at 400 m (near detector ) and another at 105 km from the Chooz nuclear cores
The plan is to start operation in middle of 2010 with the far detector
Main responsibility of Japanese group is photomultiplier tube (PMT) system Double Chooz uses 390 PMTs for
each detector We developed and purchased PMTs After some testing we finished 390 PMTs installation of far
detector in December 2009 This poster shows a state of PMT preparation
Po-21
Effects of lanthanoid ion on phosphate head groups in DMPC
membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures
Kouya Tamatsukuri1 (D3) Tetsuhiko Ohba
1 Gen Sazaki
2 Kazuo Ohki
1
1Department of Physics Tohoku University Sendai Japan
2Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Sendai Japan
Based on many solid-state NMR studies it is generally supposed that phospholipids become orientated in an
applied static magnetic field due to the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility which arises mainly from their
fatty acyl chains For phospholipids is generally negative and its exact value depends on the molecular structure
so lipids tend to orient perpendicular to the field 12-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and
12-dihexanoyl-sn-glycero-3- phosphatidylcholine (DHPC) mixtures are generally assumed to consist of disklike
micelles often called bicelles which align in magnetic fields with the bilayer normal perpendicular to the fields
direction due to negative of lipids However in addition of some trivalent lanthanoid ions such as Eu3+
Er3+
Yb3+
and Tm3+
which have a positive magnetic anisotropy it was reported to orient bicelles such that their normal
is parallel to the fields by NMR measurements On the other hands it was reported that cations including
lanthanoid ions induce the conformation change of the polar head group of lipids too So we investigated the
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
74 |
effects of lanthanoids ion Eu3+
on phosphate head groups of DMPC membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures in the
absence of magnetic fields by fluorescence spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry and compared with
the results of NMR measurements
Po-22
Status of double beta decay experiment with KamLAND
Azusa Terashima
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Neutrinoless double beta decay predicted by Furry in 1938 and described by the process A(Z) -gt A(Z+2) + 2e- is
extremely rare process yet observed in nature This remarkable decay that violates the lepton number conservation
demands two characteristic neutrino properties One is that neutrinos have non-zero mass and another one is they
are Majorana particles
Although rare decay rate (half-life gt 1020
yr) make experiment difficult which requires very low background and
large volume this decay is very interested in since it will tell us the nature of neutrinos (DiracMajorana) its
effective mass via its half-life and neutrino mass hierarchy
The Kamioka Liquid scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector (KamLAND) is low energy neutrino detector with 1000
ton s of highly purified liquid scintillator (LS) located on the former Kamiokande experiment site in Japan at a
depth of ~2700 m water equivalent
Utilizing KamLAND clean environment and its large volume of liquid scintillator we will search the
neutrinoless double beta decay with 90 enriched 400kg of 136
Xe nuclei at 1st phase started in 2011
With a little improvement of the detector and Xe loaded into the liquid scintillator KamLAND aims to understand
the nature of neutrinos The status and development of this experiment will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 75
Po-23
Simulations on Dynamics of Wormlike Micellar System
Using Particle-Field Hybrid Models
Masatoshi Toda
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Surfactant molecules eg cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) self-assemble reversibly into long and
flexible micelles in the presence of certain salts eg sodium salicylate (NaSal) [1] Such micelles are generally
called ldquowormlike micellesrdquo or ldquoliving polymersrdquo and known to show pronounced viscoelastic properties due to the
relaxation of intermicellar entanglements For example in the linear viscoelastic regime they can show the
exponential relaxation characterized by the single relaxation time [2] This behavior is very different from that of
entangled polymeric systems which have a broad spectrum of the entanglement relaxation modes In a steady shear
flow (nonlinear regime) they can also show shear-induced phase separations called ldquoshear bandingrdquo [3] The
detailed molecular origins of these interesting rheological properties have not yet been understood
In order to investigate rheological properties of wormlike micellar systems we propose particle-field hybrid
models which treat wormlike micellar chains as discrete particles and a solvent part as a continuous field The
method will enable us to simulate large-scale systems more efficiently than conventional particle-based methods
eg Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) [4]
We will report details of our models and several results by computer simulations on the models
References
[1] I W Hamley Introduction to Soft Matter (Wiley 2007)
[2] T Shikata H Hirata T Kotaka Langmuir 3 1081 (1987) 4 354 (1988) 5 398 (1989)
[3] M E Cates S M Fielding Adv Phys 55 799 (2006)
[4] P J Hoogerbrugge J M V A Koelman Europhys Lett 19 155 (1992)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
76 |
Po-24
Magneto-dielectric phenomena in charge ordered system
with frustrated geometrical lattice
Makoto Naka (D2) Sumio Ishihara
Physics Tohoku University
Electronic ferroelectricity is known as phenomenon where electric polarization is attributed to the charge order
without inversion symmetry This is seen in some transition metal oxides eg RFe2O4 (R is a rare earth ion) and
charge-transfer organic salts In LuFe2O4 magneto-dielectric phenomena such as increasing of electric polarization
around magnetic ordering temperature observed and are investigated experimentally and theoretically [1] Quasi
2- -(ET)2Cu2(CN)3 -ET salts of which two ET molecules construct a
dimerized pair and are located on a triangular lattice These compounds are known as a so-called dimer-Mott
insulator because one hole exists in each dimer Because of nearly isotropic triangular lattice and the geometrical
frustration novel spin liquid state is expected to appear Recently it is reported that the increase of dielectric
constant is experimentally observed below 60K This indicates the presence of ferro (or anti-ferro) electric
transition The electric polarization is thought to be generated by a localized hole in one side of ET molecules in
dimers [2]
We present a theory of magneto-dielectric phenomena in electronic ferroelectricity in RFe2O4 -ET salt
-ET salts we treat an electric dipole as a pseudo spin and derive the effective model
Hamiltonian where the inter-dimer transfer integrals and the Coulomb interactions are introduced in a triangular
lattice We analyze this model by utilizing the mean-field approximation and the classical Monte-Carlo simulation
We found that the magnetodielectric phenomena originate from spin-charge coupling and geometrical frustration
We also suggest that charge degree of freedom controls the magnetic ordered and disordered states
References
[1] M Naka A Nagano and S Ishihara Phys Rev B 77 224441 (2008)
[2] T Sasaki et al (unpublished)
[3] M Naka and S Ishihara (in preparation)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 77
Po-25
Pi-mesonic decays of Λ hypernuclei
Yoji Nakagawa
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
78 |
Po-26
Axionic Mirage Mediation
Shuntaro Nakamura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Although the mirage mediation is one of the most plausible mediation mechanisms of supersymmetry
breaking it suffers from two crucial problems One is the muB mu-problem and the second is the cosmological
one The former stems from the fact that the B parameter tends to be comparable with the gravitino mass which is
two order of magnitude larger than the other soft masses The latter problem is caused by the decay of the modulus
whose branching ratio into the gravitino pair is sizable In this talk we propose a model of mirage mediation in
which Peccei-Quinn symmetry is incorporated
In this axionic mirage mediation it is shown that the Peccei-Quinn symmetry breaking scale is dynamically
determined around 10^10 GeV to 10^12 GeV due to the supersymmetry breaking effects and the
mu-problem can be solved naturally Furthermore in our model the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) is the
axino that is the superpartner of the axion The overabundance of the LSPs due to decays of modulusgravitino
which is the most serious cosmological difficulty in the mirage mediation can be avoided if the axino is
sufficiently light The next-LSPs (NLSPs) produced by the gravitino eventually decay into the axino LSPs yielding
the dominant component of the axinos remaining today It is shown that the axino with the mass of O(100) MeV is
naturally realized which can constitute the dark matter of the Universe with the free-streaming length of the order
of 01 Mpc The saxion the real scalar component of the axion supermultiplet can also be cosmologically harmless
due to the dilution of the modulus decay The lifetime of NLSP is relatively long but much shorter than 1 sec
when the big-bang nucleosynthesis commences The decay of NLSP would provide intriguing collider signatures
Po-27
The Study of the Origin of Lyman alpha Emitters
with Large Equivalent Widths
Yuki Nakamura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Through the last decade searches for high-redshift Lyman alpha emitters (LAE) by narrow-band imaging have
been conducted extensively In these surveys the LAEs with very large equivalent width (EW) are studied with
much interest (egMalhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Fujita et al 2003 Hu et al 2004 Dawson et al 2004 Saito et al
2006 Shimasaku et al 2006 Gronwall et al 2007 Ouchi et al 2008 Nilsson et al 2009) as they may be related
with extremely young or metal-poor stars or any other signatures of he very early phase of galaxy formation
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 79
(Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Schaerer 2003) Among the LAEs identified by spectroscopic observation 10-40 have
the large rest-frame equivalent width EW0≦240Å at z=31 (Ouchi et al 2008)
What are the origins of these large EW objects More than a few ideas have been discussed such as
photoionization by extremely hot stars cooling radiation from gravitationally heated gas in the collapsed halos
(Steidel et al 2000 Haiman et al 2000 Fardal et al 2001 Yang et al 2006) or shock heating by starburst-driven
galactic wind (Taniguchi amp Shioya 2000 Taniguchi et al 2001 Ohyama et al 2003 Wilman et al 2005) The
effects of HI scattering and dust absorption should also be considered properly in the models
For the case of photoionization by massive stars it is difficult to reproduce Lyman alpha emission larger than
EW0≦240Å by the simple models with constant continuous star-formation rate at the equilibrium phase when the
numbers of ionizing photons become constantly (Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002) Models with top heavy initial mass
function or very metal-poor stars can reproduce EW larger than ~300Å if the age of star formation is younger than
a fewtimes106 yr With the solar metallicity models with Salpeter IMF are difficult to reproduce such large EW even
much younger age less than 1 Myr (Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Scaerar 2003) In the most extreme case very high
EW objects (gt500Å) are hard to explain without primordial stars with the metallicity less than 10-5
(eg Malhotra
amp Rhoads 2002 Dijkstra amp Wyithe 2007) It would be even possible to detect signatures of population III (POPIII)
metal-free stars among the extremely large EW LAEs
We present the properties of large EW Lyman-alpha emitters in the high-density region at z=31 in and around
the SSA22 fields (Steidel et al 1998 1999 2000 Hayashino et al 2004 Matsuda et al 2004) We have expanded
the previous narrow-band survey using Sprime-Cam equipped with 82m Subaru Telescope to cover in total of
~14deg2 area (Yamada et al in prep) More than 1400 LAEs down to L~167times10
42 erg s
-1 were detected We focus
on the equivalent width distributions of these LAEs to characterize the high density region of LAEs where galaxy
formation seems to occur preferentially at the epoch
Po-28
Ultrafast broadband THz response of photo-induced metallic state
in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF )2I3
H Nakaya1 Y Takahashi
1 S Iwai
12 K Yamamoto
3 K Yakushi
3 and S Saito
4
1 Department of Physics Tohoku University Sendai 980-8578 Japan
2 JST-CREST Sendai 980-8578 Japan
3 Institute for Molecular Science Okazaki 444-8585 Japan
4 Institute of Information and Communications Technology Kobe 651-2492 Japan
Photo-induced insulator to metal transition in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF)2I3
(BEDT-TTF[bis(ethylenedithio)]tetrathiafulvalene) has been investigated using mid-IR pump-probe [1-3] and
near-IR pump-terahertz(THz) probe spectroscopy [4] However the measurement range of THz spectroscopy was
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
80 |
very narrow (2-11 meV) In this study spectral range was extended to 2-36 meV (05-9 THz)
Figure 1 shows that transient absorption (OD) spectra observed for excitation intensity (089 eV 001 mJcm2)
at 124 K OD spectrum at 08 ps has a broad absorption increase exhibiting generation of the metallic state
Moreover marked change of the phonon structure at 16 meV (arrow) was detected immediately after excitation We
will discuss the low energy carrier and lattice dynamics based on the time evolution of the broad THz spectrum
[1] Iwai et al Phys Rev Lett 98 097402 (2007)
[2] Iwai et al Phys Rev B 77 125131 (2008)
[3] Yamamoto et al J Phys Soc Jpn 77 074709(2008)
[4] Nakaya et alUltrafast Phenomena XVI 173 (2008)
Po-29
Ring-Exchange interaction in Orbital Degenerate System
J Nasu (D2) S Ishihara
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Orbital degree of freedom is one of the recent attractive themes in transition-metal oxides In contrast to the spin
degree of freedom the inter-site interaction between the orbitals is anisotropic in the real space As a result a kind
of frustration termed orbital frustration is brought about A doubly degenerate eg orbital are represented by the
pseudo-spin (PS) operator T and the orbital interaction is described by the nearest neighbor (NN) exchange
interaction between PSs Due to the orbital frustration there is a macroscopic number of degeneracy in the classical
ground state This degeneracy is lifted by the thermal and quantum fluctuations This is known to be the so-called
ldquoorder by fluctuationrdquo mechanism However the NN interaction based on the perturbation with respect to the
electron transfer is not sufficient in the system which is close to the metal-insulator transition
In this study we examine the ring-exchange interaction in the orbital degenerate system with strong electron
correlation First we derive the effective Hamiltonian from the two-orbital Hubbard model by the perturbational
processes up to the order of (tU)4 where t is hopping integral of an electron and U is inter-orbital Coulomb
interaction on the same site This effective Hamiltonian has not only an interaction between NN PSs but also the
ring-exchange interaction It is worth to note this ring-exchange term includes the octupole operator Ty which does
not appear in the conventional effective Hamiltonian for orbital We analyze this model by the classical
Figure 1 Transient absorption (ΔOD)
spectra observed for excitation intensity
001 mJcm2 at 124 K
0 10 20 30
0
05
1
Fig1 Transient absorption (ΔOD) spectra observed for excitation intensity 001 mJcm2 at 124 K The solid and dashed curve indicate 08 and 25 ps after excitation
124 K
08 ps
Photon Energy (meV)
ΔO
D
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 81
Monte-Carlo method and obtain the phase diagram as functions of temperature and tU In small tU region the
antiferro-type quadrupole (AFQ) order is realized by the thermal fluctuation We find that the canted quadrupole
order is stabilized by the ring-exchange interaction The octupole order appears in large tU region Next to clarify
the quantum effect on the ring-exchange interaction we analyze this model by the Bethe approximation the exact
diagonalization method and the spin-wave approximation We reproduce the AFQ order the canted quadrupole
order and the octupole order In the large tU region we find the quantum para-orbital state which is also confirmed
by the spin-wave approximation
This work is financially supported by Tohoku University Global COE program
Po-30
Shape Memory Effect Induced by Magnetic-Field Rotation
in MnV2O4 Spinel Compound
Yoichi Nii
Physics D1 Tohoku University
In transition metal oxides the orbital degree of freedom plays an important role in their physical phenomena
Spinel compounds are one of the typical systems to study the orbital physics in which the orbital state often gives
rise to much more interesting properties through a possible coupling with both lattice and spin degrees of freedom
MnV2O4 is a representative spinel compound where the orbital-spin coupling is predicted to exist in the nearly
triply degenerate t2g orbital at V3+
sites In this compound a structural phase transition from cubic to tetragonal
(agtc) occurs at Ts = 57K accompanying a ferrimagnetic transition [1] Even above Ts the structural phase
transition can also be induced by the application of a magnetic field via the spin-orbit coupling Below Ts the
tetragonal domain can be aligned by a magnetic field [1] In this research the distribution of the cubic and the three
types of tetragonal domains (c[100]cubic [010]cubic [001]cubic) has been controlled by the combination of
magnetic-field sweep and rotation By rotating the magnetic field from [100]c to [010]c below Ts a single
tetragonal-domain state with c[100]cubic successfully switched to another single-domain state with c[010]cubic By
oscillating the magnetic field direction between [100]cubic to [010]cubic the system showed a strain-angle hysteresis
loop In addition a multi-domain state of these two tetragonal domains is also obtained in a tetragonal phase
induced by a magnetic field along [110]cubic at 57K Combining these processes a magnetic-field induced shape
memory effect without temperature variation has been successfully demonstrated
[1] T Suzuki K Katsumura K Taniguchi T Arima and T Katsufuji Phys Rev Lett 98 127203 (2007)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
82 |
Po-31
The ω meson photoproduction on the nucleon in the threshold region
Ryo HASHIMOTO
Physics D3 Tohoku University
The ω meson is one of the vector meson its spin parity is 1―
Studying near-threshold ω- meson
photoproduction is interesting theme to search for new baryon resonance states Recently the CLAS
collaboration reported that a missing baryon state JP = 52
+ contributes to ω- photoproduction around incident
photon energy of 2 GeV Paying attention to other vector meson production near threshold region the anomaly
of the cross section near threshold region is observed for φ-photoproduction by the CLAS collaboration A local
maximum appeared around Eγ = 2 GeV It is interesting that such a local peak is observed or not observed for
ω- photoproduction The detailed cross section data is needed for these investigations Currently there are a few
data of ω-photoproduction cross section We measure it from threshold up to 1145 MeV
We have already done some experiments with 4π EM calorimeter complex FOREST at Gev-γ experimental hall
in Laboratory of Nuclear Science (now Research Center of electron Photon Science) 750 ndash 1150 MeV
bremsstrahlung photon is exposed to a cryogenic liquid H2D2 target We detect 3 photons decayed from ω meson
generated in the reaction of γN rarrωN ω rarr π0γ rarr 3γ and measure their energy and out-going direction for
reconstruct an invariant mass In a π0γ invariant mass distribution we can find an ω meson peak clearly
The invariant mass of π0γ
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 83
P0-32
Prototype fast imaging detector for YN-scattering
Ryotaro Honda
Physics M1Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
84 |
Po-33
Ground state phase diagram of graphene in a high Landau level
A density matrix renormalization group study
Tatsuya Higashi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 85
Po-34
Investigation of the n ( K0) reaction near the threshold
KFutatsukawa for the NKS2 collaboration D3
Department of Physics Tohoku University Japan
Kaon photoproductions play an important role in the investigation of meson-baryon coupling the structure of
hadrons and search for missing resonances The n ( K0 is a unique process and a key for the investigation on
kaon photoproductions The reactions are (1) since no charge is involved in the initial and final state the t-channel
Born term doesnrsquot contribute (2) since it is the mirror channel of p ( K reaction the coupling constant of the 0
exchange in u-channel change its opposite sign
Therefore we have constructed the Neutral Kaon Spectrometer (NKS2) at the Laboratory of Nuclear Science
Tohoku University (LNS-Tohoku) which can provide tagged photons near the threshold of this reaction NKS2
consists of a dipole magnet with 042 Tesla at the center and TOF counters two types of drift chambers The target
is a liquid deuterium for the investigation into the elementary process of the n ( K0 reaction The acceptance of
NKS2 covers the very forward region making it possible to measure much larger kinematical region for K0 and to
provide the angular distribution for the comparison of the theoretical calculations NKS2 has the large acceptance
against not only +
- decay mode from K
0 but also p
- decay mode from It makes possible to measure the K
0
coincidence events Thus we can provide the cross sections of not only the single K0 events but also the K
0
coincidence events
We will present the performance of NKS2 in detail and preliminary results of the K0 coincidence events in this
contribution
Po-35
Traffic flow of two lanes with a bottleneck
Sho Furuhashi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Traffic jam is an important problem because it gives the society heavy economic losses In order to untie it we
have to understand traffic currents on road networks Many people have studied traffic currents on road networks
with models There are many models which represent traffic currents Cellular automaton (CA) model is a simple
model of them On a one dimensional lane a fundamental diagram of this model a relation between traffic flow
and vehicle density shows a similar characteristic of actual observed traffic currents Because of this similarity it is
a simple way to use CA model on road networks But road networks are more complex than one dimensional lanes
We have a question whether CA model is suitable for road networks or not
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
86 |
A road network is drawn by representing an intersection as a node and a road as a link When we think the traffic
currents of road networks intersections have important effects At an intersection cars on a lane block cars on the
other lanes So an intersection is recognized as a bottleneck Road network consists of bottlenecks We have to
research the effects of bottlenecks to understand the traffic currents of road networks
We study a traffic current of a simple bottleneck It is a two-lane circuit a part of which is one lane In this
system cyclic changes of the passing direction are observed Many people have studied this system with CA model
and got some results But they have not compared the traffic current of CA model on this system with an actual
traffic current So we do this comparison and check the utility of this model If this utility is confirmed it is a
proper way to use this model on road networks
Actual traffic currents were recorded at two points a corner of a road surrounding the Sendai Castle and the
Ryuujin Bridge near Kurogami Campus of Kumamoto University with a video camera The number of lanes is
reduced from two to one at these points We compared these records with the current of CA model by using a
distribution and a cycle correlation of the number of passing cars in a cycle of changes of the passing direction
The results are as follows Their distributions are exponential distributions They show no cycle correlation
From these results we can say that they are under Poisson Process and CA model reproduces an actual traffic
current
However a problem is left It is whether we can get same result in larger traffic volume or not To say that CA
model is suitable for the traffic current on road networks we have to confirm that we get same result regardless of
traffic volume This is an issue which remains to be solved
Po-36
Staggered Order with Kondo and Crystalline Field Singlets
in f2 System
Shintaro Hoshino Junya Otsuki and Yoshio Kuramoto
Department of Physics Tohoku University
With two localized f-electrons per site as in the case with Pr and U compounds the ground state of a solid can
be a collection of crystalline electric field (CEF) singlets plus the Fermi sea of conduction electrons If the
f-electrons interact strongly with conduction electrons the ground state can also be a collective Kondo singlet
Competition between these two singlets may give rise to rich physics with exotic ordered phases We propose a
novel staggered order of these two kinds of singlets by using a model with CEF singlet-triplet states and conduction
electrons which are connected together by the Kondo coupling We have performed highly accurate numerical
calculations using the dynamical mean-field theory combined with the continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo
method With one conduction electron per site we have found a metal-insulator transition temperature below which
the staggered singlet order emerges
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 87
The figure shows the local density of states in the ordered phase It shows a peak below the Fermi level at a
sublattice for Kondo singlet and a vacant peak at another sublattice for CEF singlet This indicates that the
conduction electrons gather at the Kondo singlet site in order to screen localized moments These two peaks add up
to a double peaked structure as in Kondo insulators We discuss possible relevance of the results to understanding
actual systems such as PrFe4P12 and URu2Si2
Figure Local density of states at the (a) Kondo singlet site and (b) CEF singlet site The band width of conduction
electrons is given by 2D
Po-37
Proton elastic scattering of 9C at 290 MeV
Yohei Matsuda
Physics Assistant professor Tohoku University
In order to understand nuclear properties it is important to get information on various shapes of unstable nuclei
as density distributions Therefore it has been expected to measure proton elastic scattering on unstable nuclei at
intermediate energies In particular the incident energies around 300 MeVnucleon are the most suitable because
the proton has the longest mean free path in nuclei For several years we have been developing an apparatus that
consists of beam detectors a solid hydrogen target and recoil proton detectors And we performed these
experiments which were the first at the energy region at the HIMAC facility in the NIRS
As for these experiments we focused on isotopes of carbon because the mass number varies widely from 9 to 22
and density distributions are different dramatically Among these 9C has two characteristics because of its small
proton separation energy (13 MeV) and no bound excited state One is a candidate of a proton halo nucleus and the
other is an experimental advantage that it is possible to separate elastic scattering events from inelastic scattering
events by charge identification of scattering particles Then we chose 9C as the first object
The differential cross section for 9C at 290 MeV is obtained in the momentum transfer region of 1 to 2 fm
-1 The
absolute value is determined by measuring proton elastic and inelastic scattering to the first 2+ excited state of
12C
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
88 |
at 410 MeVnucleon Error bars include systematic and statistical errors and the latter mainly contribute to the
uncertainty Compared with 12
C data the angular distribution does not show a clear diffraction minimum
In the present study the angular distribution is compared with microscopic model calculations Optical model
description is performed with the RIA and the G-matrix approximation Description of nuclear structure is done
with the RMF and the AMD The unclear diffraction minimum is comparatively reproduced by the RMF It is
considered that this reproduction is derived from that the tail of the proton distribution grows longer than that of the
AMD result Though more detailed discussion could be done in comparison with more backscattering data a lack
of data and an inaccurateness of nuclear reaction models at the angle make it difficult In future it is desired to
improve these two points
Po-38
High Resolution and High Statistics Λ Hypernuclear Spectroscopy
by the (e ersquoK+) Reaction
Akihiko Matsumura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Λ hypernuclear spectroscopy by the (eersquoK+) reaction is a powerful tool to investigate ΛN interaction because
this reaction excites various states up to deep inside of hypernucleus and sub-MeV resolution can be achieved
thanks to the high quality primary electron beam from CEBAF at Jefferson laboratory (JLab) The second
generation hypernuclear spectroscopy at JLab Hall C E01-011 was successfully performed in the summer of 2005
introducing High resolution Kaon Spectrometer (HKS) and a new configuration for scattered electron spectrometer
These unique techniques significantly improved both energy resolution and hypernuclear tagging efficiency and we
succeeded to study various hypernuclei
12
ΛB precise p-shell hypernuclear structures were measured and the binding energy and cross section were
compared with the shell model calculation with DWIA
28
ΛAl The first hypernuclear spectroscopy beyond the p-shell by the (eersquoK+) reaction was executed and
major shell structures were observed The results were compared with the shell model calculation with DWIA
7ΛHe The first spectroscopic investigation of
7ΛHe which is one of the unique neutron rich hypernuclear by
(eersquoK+) reaction was carried out successfully The result provides new information on ΛΣ coupling and charge
symmetry breaking
with high resolution and sufficient statistics for the first time by this reaction The analysis is now in the final stage
and systematic errors of binding energy and cross section were estimated with a help of the detailed Monte Carlo
simulation The overview and the analysis result of E01-011 experiment will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 89
Po-39
External Gamma-ray Backgrounds of the KamLAND Detector
Yukie Minekawa
Physics D2 Tohoku University
The KamLAND detector is a scintillation detector for neutrino measurement located in the Kamioka mine It
consists of the inner detector with radius of 9 meters and the outer detector The inner detector has 1000 tons liquid
scintillator at the center and it is a detection part of neutrino events
The liquid scintillatior is surrounded by mountain rocks and the KamLAND components such as PMTs EVOH
films Kevlar strings stainless and so on They contain some amount of radioactive impurities Their radiations are
detected by KamLAND and are backgrounds of neutrino events Especially gamma rays are serious since they
travel long distance A lot of them are able to get into the liquid scintillator
It needs to estimate the amounts of these backgrounds and their position dependences in order to distinguish
neutrino events This requires simulations of radiations with the detector geometry considered
For these simulations geant4 a tool for particle simulations is used The radiations are generated from each
surroundings and their energy deposits are constructed as events detected in KamLAND Compared with
KamLAND data the amounts of the backgrounds from surroundings are be able to estimated Their position
dependences enable us to know the effects of them in the fiducial volume
Po-40
Higgs Triplet Model
Yusuke Motoki
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Standard Model (SM) of particle physics is one of the most successful theory Most of the collider
experiment result can be explained in the framework of the SM However in 1998 Super-Kamiokande
experiment discovered that the neutrinos have very small masses In the SM the neutrinos are massless
particles We must consider the new model which the neutrinos have masses In the Higgs Triplet Model (HTM)
which is simplest extension of SM a complex SU(2) triplet scalar field with the hypercharge Y = 2 is added to
SM Lagrangian in order to have the neutrino masses This model generates the Majorana neutrino masses via
the Yukawa couplings of the triplet scalar field Yukawa couplings of triplet scalar field product lepton flavor
violating decays and etc The decays are searched for at the B
factory
A distinctive point in the HTM is that doubly charged Higgs bosons exists The decays of this particles are
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
90 |
particular processes If doubly charged Higgs bosons mass is relatively light it will be produced at the CERN
Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
In this Poster Session Irsquod like to explain the relations between the HTM and collider experiments
Po-41
Electron diffraction study of the low temperature phase of
Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16
Daisuke Morikawa
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Recently the high quality single crystal of Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16 has been successfully made by
high-pressure synthesis and the metal-insulator transition keeping ferromagnetism was formed at 95K [1] This
phenomenon is very rare in the strongly-correlated electron materials The crystal structure of the low temperature
phase and the origin of the metal-insulator phase transition have been unclear yet The purpose of this study is to
examine the phase transition at the nano-scale area of K2Cr8O16 using Convergent-beam electron diffraction
(CBED) and Selected-area electron diffraction (SAED)
Single crystals of K2Cr8O16 were prepared by Mr Hasegawa and Prof Ueda ISSP University of Tokyo using
high-pressure synthesis The electron diffraction experiments were conducted using a JEM-2010FEF transmission
electron microscope equipped with an in-column omega-type energy filter Intensities of electron diffraction were
recorded on imaging plate The accelerating voltage of electron microscope was 100kV The electron diffraction
patterns were obtained at specimen temperature of 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Figure 1 shows energy-filtered CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
In this figure Zeroth order Laue zone (ZOLZ) reflections are shown It is clearly shown that the structure transition
is not occurred at low temperature phase The [001] [111] and [201] incidence SAED patterns were also taken and
shows no structure transition at low temperature
[1] K Hasegawa et al Phys Rev Lett 103 146403 (2009)
Figure 1 The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively Every patterns show m symmetry
and there no difference
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 91
Po-42
Light scattering by collective excitation of phonon
in quantum paraelectrics
Ryuta Takano
Physics D1 Tohoku University
SrTiO3 and KTaO3 are typical perovskite-type oxides The polarization arrangement in these materials is thought
to be disturbed by the zero point vibration though they have a ferroelectric phonon mode that softens at the Γ point
As a result they do not undergo a ferroelectric phase transition so these materials are often called Quantum
paraelectrics The normal phonon-phonon scattering where the momentum is conserved is thought to become
predominant at the Γ point due to the anharmonic interaction between the long wave-length phonons of the soft
transverse optic and the acoustic modes Gurevich and Tagantsev expected the existence of the second-sound wave
(compression wave of the phonon gas) from the above-mentioned speculation in SrTiO3 and KTaO3 [1] We have
observed a scattered peak that looked like the sound wave (which was called Broad doublet (BD)) at 30K or less in
SrTiO3 and at 20K or less in KTaO3 in our low frequency light scattering experiment [Figure 1] Since the origin of
the BD is still controversial it is important to understand more systematically the collective excitation of phonon
by the analysis on low frequency elementary excitation in quantum paraelectrics Therefore we aimed to
understand the temperature dependence of the relaxation times (τNτR) of the ldquoNormal processrdquo (in which the
momentum is preserved in the phonon-phonon scattering) and the ldquoResistive processrdquo (of considering all scattering
that contributes to dissipative energy transport by phonon and lattice imperfection or impurities) from the spectrum
analysis based on the extended thermodynamics [2]
Figure 2 shows the temperature dependences of τN and τR determined by fitting that uses the extended
thermodynamics The horizontal and vertical axes measure the temperature and the angular frequency respectively
Both axes are logarithmically scaled ω0 denotes the natural frequency of the second-sound wave The conclusion
from the analysis is as the followings
1 A narrow quasi-elastic scattering component in the high temperature region is a light scattering spectrum by
thermal diffusion It has been understood that the frequency of the resistive process falls when lowering the
temperature in SrTiO3 and this thermal diffusion mode (the second-sound wave that over dumped) shifts to the
second-sound wave (propagating mode)
2 It cannot be said that the phonon gas is in the state of the collective excitation in the observation scale of the
actual experiment It should be interpreted that the observed BD for KTaO3 only as the second order Raman
scattering involving pairs of individual phonons
[1] VLGurevich and AKTagantsev Sov Phys JETP 67 206 (1988)
[2] Djou JCasas-Vacuteazquez and GLebon Extended Irreversible thermodynamics (Springer 2001) 3rd ed
Figure The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Every patterns show m symmetry and there no difference
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
92 |
Figure 1 Light scattering spectrum of SrTiO3 and KTaO3 Figure 2 Temperature dependence of τN and τR
Po-43
Formation of the Milky Way Based on the Analysis of Kinematics and
Chemical Abundance of the Outer Halo Stars
Miho Ishigaki
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
How galaxies in the Universe came into existence remains one of the big questions in astronomy It is now
widely recognized that our own Milky Way (MW) Galaxy serves as a unique laboratory to examine mechanisms at
which our Galaxy as well as galaxies in general formed and evolved One important advantage of studying our
Galaxy is that because of its proximity one can measure position velocity and chemical abundance of individual
stars in the solar neighborhood which can be used as a fossil record of the early Galaxy
As an attempt to constrain how our Galaxy formed we study chemical abundance of old stars whose orbits
reach the outer part of the Galactic stellar halo Because of their unusual orbital velocity these outer halo stars are
considered as possible candidates for debris of small galaxies that have been disrupted either partly or totally
during the course of accretion on to the MW in the past In the poster we present the results of our abundance
analysis for the sample of 57 outer halo stars using the data obtained with High-Dispersion Spectrograph mounted
on the Subaru telescope Our detailed abundance results for the key elements including Magnesium Calcium Iron
etc support the hypothesis that the certain fraction of the MW outer stellar halo have built up by accretions of
smaller galaxies as previously suggested from studies based on lower resolution spectral data
Figure The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Every patterns show m symmetry and there no difference
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 93
Po-44
Searching for Luminous Core-Collapsed Supernovae
in a High-z Proto-Cluster
Nana Morimoto
Astronomy D1 Tohoku University
It has been revealed that SSA22 region at redshift z=31 is an extremely high density region of LAEs (LyA
emitters) In addition to this star formation in this region is supposed to be biased to very large mass from the
evidence such as a large number of large LyA EW objects Therefore core-collapsed supernovae (SNe) of massive
stars are expected to occur frequently in this region While SNe has not been detected beyond zgt2 to date it is very
important not only to detect core-collapsed SNe at z=31 but also to obtain any useful information to understand
star formation in early universe So we estimated the expectation of observing core-collapsed SNe in SSA22 region
at z=31 based on our own sample of star-forming galaxies and carried out preliminary observations and data
analysis to search for variable objects to investigate the detectability of core-collapsed SNe at high-z by searching
for variability of LAEs in this region
Po-45
A Study of Light Curves from Rapidly Rotating Neutron Stars
Kazutoshi Numata
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
The launch of the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) brought many discoveries in the physics of neutron
stars Periodic millisecond X-ray oscillations have been detected in 22 accreting neutron stars in low-mass X-ray
binary systems (hereafter we refer to these accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar as AMXPs) Accretion-powered
millisecond oscillations have so far been detected in 10 AMXPs The oscillation can be always detected in 7
AMXPs of 10 AMXPs and 3 others can be detected intermittently
The light curves for X-rays emitted from neutron stars have various information which are the stars radius
mass spin frequency inner structure of the stars circumstellar region observer inclination and so on We mainly
consider AMXPs and compare their properties to light curves calculated by assumed models
AMXPs have several properties The main properties are small amplitudes sinusoidal pulse shapes variable
oscillation amplitudes variable pulse phases The fractional rms amplitudes of the accretion powered oscillation are
about 1-2 in most AMXPs And observed light curves have nearly sinusoidal pulse shapes and the fractional rms
amplitudes of fundamental is usually tenth times larger than first overtone component
Andersson (1998) proposed that r-mode are excited by gravitational wave radiation R-modes are waves
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
94 |
propagated in neutron stars So it is important to think r-mode on surface of the neutron star Therefore we use the
model of R-mode plus hot spot model (RS model) to calculate light curves from the neutron stars This model is a
new model There have been models to assume only r-modes and to assume only hot spots so far but there have
never been models that r-modes and hot spots are assumed simultaneously
The hot spot locate on the surface of the neutron star and dont interact with r-mode thermally This r-mode is
the wave in a rotating and magnetized neutron star (Lee 2009) The neutron star is assumed to be threaded by a
dipole magnetic field which strength B0 at the surface is 1010
G This strength of 1010
G is typically value in
low-mass X-ray binary systems It is calculated in a neutron star model composed of a fluid ocean a solid crust
and a fluid core The fluid core is treated to be non-magnetic to assume that magnetic pressure is much smaller than
the gas pressure there
In addition to fitting to the present observation we researched what light curves can be observed And we also
researched whether we can detect the oscillation due to r-mode if it exist in neutron stars We found that its
detectability is strong enough in present observation accuracy The oscillation have never observed yet But if it is
detected information about neutron stars inner structure will be also derived
Po-46
CMB Bispectrum from the Second-Order Cosmological Perturbations
Daisuke Nitta
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
We calculate the bispectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature anisotropies induced
by the second-order fluctuations in the Boltzmann equation In this poster we consider the terms that are products
of the first-order perturbations and leave intrinsically second-order terms and perturbations in the recombination
history
We show that the bispectrum has the maximum signal in the squeezed triangles similar to the local-type
primordial bispectrum as both types generate non-linearities via products of the first-order terms in position space
However detailed calculations show that their shapes are sufficiently different the cross-correlation coefficient
reaches 05 at the maximum multipole of l_max~ 200 and then weakens to 03 at l_max~ 2000 The
differences in shape arise from (i) the way the acoustic oscillations affect the bispectrum and (ii) the second-order
effects not being scale-invariant This implies that the contamination of the primordial bispectrum due to the
second-order effects (from the products of the first-order terms) is small The expected signal-to-noise ratio of the
products of the first-order terms is ~ 04 at l_max~ 2000 for a full-sky cosmic variance limited experiment
We therefore conclude that the products of the first-order terms may be safely ignored in the analysis of the
future CMB experiments The expected contamination of the local-form f_NL is f^local_NL~ 09 at
l_max~ 200 and f^local_NL~ 05 at l_max~ 2000
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 95
Po-47
General Properties of Non-Radial Pulsations
Aprilia
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
Po-48
A Study on Mathematical Fuzzy Logic
Ahmad Termimi Bin Ab Ghani
Mathematical institute Tohoku University
We study some important properties of mathematical fuzzy logic based on the logical systems BL and BLforall
(basic fuzzy propositional and predicate logic) such as computational complexity of fuzzy propositional calculi We
also discuss arithmetical complexity issues which treat the degrees of undecidability of fuzzy predicate calculi
Finally we investigate some open problems concerning the arithmetical complexity on monadic logic and the
corresponding Σ1-completeness (Π1- completeness)
Reference
[1] Haacutejek P Godo L Esteva F A complete many-valued logic with product conjunction Arch Math Logic 35
(1996) 191-208
[2] Haacutejek P Metamathematics of fuzzy logic Kluwer 1998
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
96 |
[3] Haacutejek P Fuzzy logic and arithmetical hierarchy III Studia logica 68 (2001) 129-142
[4] Haacutejek P Monadic fuzzy predicate logic Studia logica 71 (2002) 165-175
Po-49
Some space-time integrability estimates of the solution for heat
equations in two dimension
Norisuke Ioku Mathematical institute Tohoku University
Po-50
Well-posedness for Navier-Stokes equations in modulation spaces with
negative derivative indices
Tsukasa Iwabuchi
Mathematical institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 97
Po-51
The soul conjecture for Riemannian orbifolds
Naoki Oishi
Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
In 1994 Perelman solved the Cheeger-Gromoll soul conjecture ldquoIf a smooth non-compact complete Riemannian
manifold M of nonnegative curvature has positive curvature at a point then its soul is an one point set
Consequently M is diffeomorphic to a Euclidean spacerdquo But he couldnt generalize the theorem to Alexandrov
spaces We show an analogous result to the theorem for Riemannian orbifolds which belong to Alexandrov spaces
Po-52
A new approach to the existence of harmonic maps
Toshiaki Omori
Mathematical Institute D2 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
98 |
Po-53
Stability of the interface of a Hele-Shaw flow with two injection points
Michiaki Onodera
Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 99
Po-54
THE ISOMORPHISM BETWEEN MOTIVIC COHOMOLOGY AND K-GROUPS FOR EQUI-CHARACTERISTIC REGULAR LOCAL
RINGS
Yuki Kato
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-55
Bifurcations in semilinear elliptic equations on thin domains
Toru Kan
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-56
ON THE CURVATURE OF THE PSEUDO-VOLUME FORM
DEFINING THE CARATH_EODORY MEASURE
HYPERBOLICITY
Shin Kikuta
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
100 |
Po-57
Goumldels Incompleteness Theorem Recursively Axiomatizable Theories
and Medvedev Degrees of Unsolvability
Takayuki Kihara
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 101
Po-58
Hypergeometric series on a p-adic field
Kensaku Kinjo
Mathematical Institute Tohoku Univercity D2
Po-59
On Hasse principle of purely transcendental extension field
in one variable
Makoto Sakagaito
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
The map from the Brauer group of a global field to the product of the Brauer groups of the completions (the
local-global map) is known to be injective This classical result is called the Hasse principle In the case of positive
characteristic global fields are algebraic function fields in one variable over finite fields Related to this classical
result I studied the question of whether the Hasse principle holds in the case where the field is a purely transcendental
extension in one variable of any field Assuming a certain property of the edge map of a certain Leray spectral
sequence I ascertained the result that the local-global map of a purely transcendental extension field restricted to a
certain subgroup is injective In the case where m is a natural number prime to the characteristic of the ground field
the subgroup contains the m-torsion-part of the Brauer group of the purely transcendental extension field In the case
where the ground field is a perfect field the subgroup coincides with the Brauer group of the purely transcendental
extension field
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
102 |
Po-60
Large time behavior of solutions for system
of nonlinear damped wave equations
Hiroshi Takeda Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
We consider the Cauchy problem for a system of semilinear damped wave equations with small initial dataWe
derive the asymptotic profile of the nonlinear system corresponding to the results for the nonlinear single equation
and we obtain the sufficient condition of the growth order on the nonlinear term to ensure the existence of the
solution with the optimal decay Our proof is based on the analysis for the fundamental solutions of the linear
damped wave equation
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 103
Po-61
Non-abelian generalization of Iwasawa theory
Kazuaki Tajima
Mathematical Institute D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
104 |
Po-62
The quadratic subextension of the class field of a real quadratic field
Toshihide Doi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-63
Pattern formation by receptor-based models for regeneration
experiments on Hydra
Madoka Nakayama
Mathematical Institute D2 Tohoku University
Hydra is a small animal living in fresh water which is best known for its ability of regeneration When a hydra is
cut into two pieces two hydras will regenerate There has been several mathematical models proposed to describe
this experiment A classical model proposed by Gierer and Meinhardt in 1972 is based on the idea of diffusion-
driven instability between two chemicals called activator and inhibitor Recently Anna Marciniak proposed new
regeneration models from a more biologically refined viewpoint Her models consist of free and bound receptors
ligands and an enzyme and a head is formed at place of higher bound receptor concentration We discuss stability of
its stationary solutions It turns out that the mechanism producing non-trivial spatial patterns has a similarity with that
of MacWilliams reaction diffusion model
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 105
Po-64
The computational methods of canonical heights on elliptic curve
Tadahisa Nara
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Heights of points is numerical size of the points for certain arithmetic Canonical height is one of heights which
is defined on elliptic curves Studying canonical heights gives us information about structure of Mordell-Weil
groups In general canonical height is defined as a limit and it is not easy to compute it In the poster we introduce
more practical methods for computation by Tate and Silverman which are considered to be suitable for also
uniform estimate For an application of that we consider generators on some families of elliptic curves
Po-65
Spatial branching process in random environment
Nishimori Yasuhito
Mathematical Institute D1 Tohoku University
Po-66
On a periodic decomposition of meromorphic functions
Takanao Negishi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
106 |
Po-67
Difficulties of solving problems
Kojiro Higuchi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 107
Po-68
Undecidability and weak theory of concatenation
Yoshihiro Horihata
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-69
Daviesrsquo Conjecture for Pseudo-Schroumldinger Operators and its
Applications to Penalization Problem
Masakuni Matsuura
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
108 |
Po-70
TORSION POINTS OF ABELIAN VARIETIES WITH VALUES IN
INFINITE EXTENSION FIELDS
Yuken Miyasaka
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 109
Po-71
Maximum principle for a biological model related to the motion of
amoebae
Harunori Monobe Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
110 |
Po-72
Asymptotic behaviour of solutions to the drift-diffusion equation
in the whole spaces
Masakazu Yamamoto
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
We consider the initial value problem for the Nernt-Planck drift-diffusion equation in the whole spaces Our
model is a system of the nonlinear parabolic equation and the Poisson equation The drift-diffusion equation is a
model of the plasma dynamics The solutions of this equation stand for the density of the charges and the electric
potential We study the large-time behavior of the solution to the drift-diffusion equation by deriving the asymptotic
expansion of the solution Especially we discuss the contrast between the odd-dimensional cases and the
even-dimensional cases
Po-73
A study of the idea of systematic knowledge On the relation between
nature and spirit in the organizational view of nature
Fukuko Abe
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In the studies of the humanities and science which have become increasingly technical sophisticated and
interdisciplinary the idea of the assimilation of literature and science attracted growing academic interest in recent
years This idea naturally requires not the aggregate but systematic knowledge accompanied by a philosophy that
addresses the question of what it is that we conceive as knowledge It was the German philosophy as it evolved
during the 18-19th century which based on works on systematic or speculative knowledge attempted to establish
an organizational view of nature becoming known under the notion of natural philosophy Here nature and spirit
which were traditionally conceived as divided notions within the mechanical view on nature were now viewed in a
new light as something unified through life Although modern natural philosophy contains a large number of
difficult questions with regard to its present-day validity this study investigates based on the currents of the
organizational view on nature in contemporary philosophy the relation between nature and spirit in this particular
theoretical notion as well as the systematic knowledge itself which attempts to apprehend such an organizational
whole
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 111
Po-74
Medical technology and surrogate decision-making
Haruka Hikasa
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Consensus-building in science technology generally presumes the autonomous individual With regard to
medical technology it is bioethics which emphasizes the principle of respecting the autonomy of the individual Yet
in the case of some patients only insufficient autonomy is granted or may even be absent Consider for example
newborns suffering a serious illness or patients who are in a persistent vegetative state caused by brain death or
who suffer from dementia or mental illness Thus it appears reasonable to engage in an argumentation in order to
seek specific criteria for surrogate decision-making with regard to such incompetent patients
If a patient is not competent allowing this person to choose or to refuse treatment who should be allowed in what
fashion to make a decision in the interest of this patient In conventional bioethics standards for surrogate
decision-making are often distinguished into substituted judgment (pure autonomy) and decisions judged from what
is conceived to be in the best interest of the patient
It appears to me however that these standards involve ethical problems such as the validity of the precedent
autonomy and evaluation of the potential burden of benefits for the patient In this presentation I wish to discuss
the framework of standards for surrogate decision-making in order to make decisions on behalf of individuals
incompetent to seek decisions on their own
Po-75
Humersquos empiricism and the experimental method of reasoning
Hiromichi Sugawara
Philosophy D1 Tohoku University
David Hume was a Scottish philosopher and historian who lived in the 18th
century Humersquos work is usually
classified as the most significant work in the tradition of empiricism Empiricism is generally defined as the view
according to which knowledge and understanding derives from experience (via the senses) The methodology of
Humersquos inquiry is explicitly described in the subtitle of his famous first work A Treatise of Human Nature Being
an Attempt to Introduce the Experimental Method of Reasoning into Moral Subjects It is said that Humersquos method
of reasoning was influenced by the scientific method applied by Newton articulated in his Philosophiae Naturalis
Principia Mathematica However the influence of Newtonrsquos thought on Hume is not necessarily definite Therefore
it seems to me that Humersquos empiricism remains open to various interpretations Therefore in this presentation I
wish to demonstrate the experimental method of reasoning influenced by Newton and the empirical attitude
initially attempted by Hume
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
112 |
Po-76
Epistemic deference and transmission of knowledge
How should we (non-scientists) acquire warranted beliefs about
scientific propositions
Mariko Nihei
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Suppose I have heard that a quark is a fundamental particle from an expert in particle physics and I believe it is
true even though I do not have direct evidence or a clear notion concerning what a quark is or what counts as a
fundamental particle Then how do I know that a quark is a fundamental particle For non-scientists most of
scientific knowledge would fit this situation But at the same time it is difficult to acquire all relevant evidence
concerning particular situations by ourselves because we do not go through extensive specialized training
Moreover there is too much ldquoscientific knowledgerdquo in the world while at the same time our intellect remains too
limited Thus in this presentation drawing on recent arguments about ldquoepistemic deferencerdquo and transmission of
knowledge between non-scientists and scientists (here esp Hardwig 19851988 Brewer 19982006) I attempt to
demonstrate a possible epistemological scheme for how and when we as non-scientists acquire warranted beliefs
about technical or scientific propositions without possessing evidence for such beliefs by our own ability The
conceptual scheme which I will provide here will be useful for the practice of facilitating scientific communication
Po-77
The Finiteness of Human Beings and the Role of Technology
Ryozo Suzuki
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Human beings lead a life in uneasiness and search for something reliable Where does this feeling derive from
What does ldquoreliablerdquo refer to
In the first place organisms fight and eat each other ldquoLiferdquo (in German Leben) produces the tissues of itself and
survives after these die Human beings live in the same fashion We fight for survival kill other lives and produce
children who live over the death of their parents Parents seek the ldquodurabilityrdquo or ldquochangelessnessrdquo of themselves in
their children Hegel points out that this intuition (in German Anschauung) maintains the elementary reliability and
easiness of everyday life Therefore it seems that in here we find the reason why our deepest interest in science
technology at present concentrates on reproductive technologies
According to thinkers such as Hegel or Gehlen technology guards us against excessive emotions which derive
from ldquoliferdquo The process of life gives birth to us Yet life for itself is relevant to the existence of ldquoIrdquo as an individual
Therefore we as individuals possess a fear of death which characterizes life as a notion of ambiguity It is this
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 113
nature which generates a fundamental uneasiness in us From the point of practical significance technology
encompasses a deep relation with the hope for durability (ldquoeternityrdquo) against lifersquos changeability or ambiguity We
tend to favor artificial things which are stable and continue to exist longer than we do (in this sense Gehlen has
pointed out the reason for why human beings come to depend on petrochemistry) Therefore we may say that we
are more fetishistic than ever
Po-78
What is ethically problematic in Biogenetics
Takuma Obara
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In this presentation I will consider some of the ethical problems in biogenetics that we are confronted with
today
With the scientific breakthroughs achieved in biogenetics it will be possible to manipulate the genome Once
we obtain knowledge then there is no return to innocent ignorance If we know how to improve ourselves why
should we abstain from doing so Frankly speaking there are no reasons why we should do so Yet the point here
is that an attempt to achieve onersquos goal with the help of such technology would result in the contrary We are severe
on the difference between what belongs to a person and what does not while we highly value the former Therefore
external manipulations result in failure to gain estimation from other people
We also estimate onersquos efforts to achieve such goal even if those efforts have not been marked by success On
the contrary if one strengthens his common abilities with external manipulations such as drugs we despise such
person However if one reinforces his effort what should we do It is apparent that this person applies external
manipulations while undergoing severe experiences In other words are we able to draw a line of division between
the internal and the external within an individual Moreover should we evaluate a talent belonging to a person
without any conditionality These this presentation wishes to argue describe the actual problems which we should
consider and develop answers to once biogenetic manipulations are realized
Po-79
The ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude
Tetsurou Yamashita
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
If we conceive scientific activities radically that is in terms of the ontological structure of the human being we
may understand that science is not the primary way of our being but a modification of practical activities in
everydayness Through the ontological change from the practical attitude in which we are concerned with beings
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
114 |
(entities) in a specific context we can shift to a theoretical attitude which enables us to thematize beings clearly
from a free (independent) viewpoint The theoretical attitude is a condition for the possibility of the discovery of
beings Yet its discovery confines itself to a limited discovery for the theoretical attitude articulates various ways
of being folded wholly into the practical attitude in everydayness as the foundation for the discovery therefore it
thematizes beings from a voluntary but single viewpoint (way of being) Based on these circumstances in this
presentation I will sketch the process of the ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude while considering the
ontological significance and limits of this theoretical attitude In doing so this presentation will draw heavily on
Martin Heideggerrsquos ontological insights regarding the human being
Po-80
Risk uncertainty and the precautionary principle
How to deal with scientific uncertainty
Yasuhiko Fujio
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In the age of industrialized societies we are exposed to many risks deriving from the development of science
and technology Therefore we are in need of a risk analysis and management in order to coexist with these
numerous risks Many of these approaches addressing such risks are based on the theory of probability or statistics
yet these approaches are not always helpful
We cannot obtain full knowledge of the events occurring in the future thus we must base our risk analysis and
management on probabilistic or statistical approaches and assess the occurrence of events probabilistically or
statistically However there are some realms of science in which we cannot use such approaches because of a lack
of sufficient scientific knowledge with regard to complex phenomena like global warming Notwithstanding we
must make decisions despite such scientific uncertainty caused by insufficient knowledge of events which might
bring about crucial risks
In order to cope with such uncertainty and evade catastrophic disasters we might have to introduce a
ldquoprecautionary principlerdquo which requires that we should adopt approaches such as regulating or banning the use of
chemical substances or technology to protect the human health and the environment despite the lack of sufficient
scientific certainty
In this presentation I wish to examine the notion of scientific uncertainty with regard to complicated events
and the precautionary principle as a reasonable principle for decision making confronted with such uncertainty
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 115
Po-81
The mechanism of suppressed dynamical friction in a constant density
core of dwarf galaxies
Shigeki Inoue
Astronomy D2 Tohoku University
The dynamical friction problem is a long-standing dilemma In dwarf galaxy dynamical friction is too effective for their
globular clusters (hereafter GCs) to keep their orbital motion Nonetheless these GCs do exist even in current dwarfs However
if dwarf galaxies have a cored dark matter halo which has a constant density region in its center the dynamical friction is
significantly weakened (suppressed dynamical friction) But the mechanism of the suppressed dynamical friction has not been
clarified yet By means of N-body simulation I discuss the mechanism of the suppressed dynamical friction
Memo
Tohoku University Aobayama Campus
Aobayama Cumpus
Graduate School Faculty of Science
6-3 Aoba Aramaki Aoba-ku SENDAI 980-8578
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 7
Scientific program
Invited speakers
Plenary session
Dr Indranil Mazumdar (Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research India)
Prof Philippe Marcq (Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie Curie Institut Curie France)
Prof Young-Woo Son (Condensed Matter Physics Korea Institute for Advanced Study Korea)
Prof Jenann Ismael (Philosophy University of Arizona USA and University of Sydney Australia)
Prof Ryushi Goto (Mathematics Osaka University Japan)
DrJean Coupon (Astrophysics Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France)
Special session
Prof Jie Meng (Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
Prof Huaizhe Xu (Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University China)
Parallel session
Assistant Prof Hojun Im (Condensed Matter Physics Hirosaki University)
MS Masahiro Futaki (Mathematics The University of Tokyo)
Dr Masahiko Igashira (Philosophy Osaka University)
httpwwwsciencewebtohokuacjpspecialgcoeis2010
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
8 |
Time Table
February 18 Thursday February 19 Friday
900
~
930
ldquoOpeningrdquo Kunio INOUE (Project Leader)
Plenary Session Main Lecture Hall
930
~
1020
Indranil MAZUMDAR
(Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental
Research India)
930
~
1020
Jenann ISMAEL
(Philosophy Univ of Arisona USA and Univ of
Sydney Australia)
1030
~
1120
Philippe MARCQ
(Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie
Curie Institut Curie France)
1030
~
1120
Ryushi GOTO
(Mathematics Osaka University Japan)
1130
~
1220
Young-Woo SON
(Condensed Matter Physics KIAS Korea) 1130
~
1220
Jean COUPON
(Astrophysics Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris
France)
1230
~
1350
Lunch
1230
~
1350
Lunch
Parallel Session Lecture rooms 203 204 and 205
Room 205 204 203 Room 205 204 203
1350
~
1420
Masaki
Asano
(Particle
Theory)
Yoshihiro
Ueda
(Mathematics)
Jinsung Park
(Condensed
Matter
Physics )
1350
~
1420
Yoshiyuki
Onuki
(Particle
Experiment)
Masahiro
Futaki
(Mathematics
University of
Tokyo)
Ken-Ichiro
Imura
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
1430
~
1500
Kazunori
Kohri
(Particle
Theory)
Yuichi
Nohara
(Mathematics)
Tatsuro
Yuge
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
1430
~
1500
Takeshi Koike
(Nuclear
Experiment)
Tatsuki
Kawakami
(Mathematics)
Katsuhiko
Sato
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
1510
~
1540
Masafumi
Kurachi
(Particle
Theory)
Shota Sato
(Mathematics)
Hidekatsu
Nemura
(Nuclear
Theory)
1510
~
1540
Masatoshi
Itoh
(Nuclear
Experiment)
Masahiko
Igashira
(Philosophy
Osaka
University)
Hojun Im
(Condensed
Matter
Physics
Hirosaki
Univiersity)
1540
~
1600
Coffee Break
1540
~
1610
Coffee Break
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 9
Special Session Room 203
1610
~
1640
Yousuke Itoh
(Astronomy)
Masaru
Yonehara
(Philosophy)
Seigo Souma
(Condensed
Matter
Physics) 1600
~
1630
Jie Meng
(Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
1635
~
1705
Huaizhe Xu
(Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University
China)
1650
~
1720
Tomohiro
Yoshikawa
(Astronomy)
Shun Sato
(Philosophy)
Ryo Nouchi
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
Poster Session Entrance hall Collaborative Research Session
1710
~
1830
Research Assistants present their research
(Posters will be exhibited until 1330 of
February 19 Fri)
1730
~
1800
Takatsugu
Ishikawa
(Physics)
Katsuhiko
Sato
(Physics)
Yousuke
Itoh
(Astronomy)
Yuri Shimizu
(Physics)
Keita
Yokoyama
(Mathematics)
Yosuke
Takubo
(Physics)
Sumio
Yamada
(Mathematics)
1820
~
2000
Banquet
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
10 |
SpeakersTitles
February 18 Thursday
0930 - Kunio INOUE (GCOE program leader) ndash ldquoOpening addressrdquo (Main Lecture Hall)
Plenary Session
Chairmen H Tamura T Kawakatsu Y Hirayama Main Lecture Hall
0930 -1020 Indranil MAZUMDAR (Chairman H Tamura)
(Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research India)
ldquoHalo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fanordquo
1030 ndash 1120 Philippe MARCQ (Chairman T Kawakatsu)
(Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie Curie Institut Curie France)
ldquoMechanics of Stress Fibersrdquo
1130 ndash 1220 Young-Woo SON (Chairman Y Hirayama)
(Condensed Matter Physics KIAS Korea)
ldquoRelativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters ndash Graphene and othersrdquo
1230 ndash 1350 Lunch
Parallel Session A - Particle Nuclear Astro-physics Group
Chairman K Hikasa Room205
1350 ndash 1420 Masaki ASANO (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoGeneral WIMP search at International Linear Colliderrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Kazunori KOHRI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoPrimordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmologyrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masafumi KURACHI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoHiggsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breakingrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Parallel Session B ndash Condensed Matter Physics Group Nuclear Physics
Chairman R Saito Room203
1350 ndash 1420 Jinsung PARK (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University )
ldquoExciton effect of Raman resonance window of single wall carbon nanotubesrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Tatsuro YUGE (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoProperties of response function of nonequilibrium steady staterdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Hidekatsu NEMURA (Nuclear Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoHyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCDrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Parallel Session C ndash Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Chairman H Kozono Room204
1350 ndash 1420 Yoshihiro UEDA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoApplication of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem for damped wave equation
with non-convexityrdquo
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 11
1430 ndash 1500 Yuichi NOHARA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoToric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systemsrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Shota SATO (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoSingular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of a Semilinear Parabolic Equationrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Special Session
Chairman O Hashimoto Room203
1600 ndash 1630 Jie Meng
(Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
ldquoCovariant density functional theory for Nuclear structure and application in astrophysicsrdquo
1635 ndash 1705 Huaizhe Xu (Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University China)
ldquoControl of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism in ZnO based
DMSrdquo
Poster Session
Entrance hall of ldquoSogotohrdquo
1710 ndash 1830 80 Research assistants present their research
February 19 Friday
Plenary Session
Chairmen K Naoe R Miyaoka T Futamase Main Lecture Hall
0930 -1020 Jenann ISMAEL (Philosophy University of Arizona USA and University of Sydney
Australia) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoA Fresh Direction for Quantum Research What Might Entanglement Be Telling Usrdquo
1030 ndash 1120 Ryushi GOTO (Mathematics Osaka University Japan) (Chairman R Miyaoka)
ldquoCalabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structuresrdquo
1130 ndash 1220 Jean COUPON (Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France)
(Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoProbing the large scale structure in the Universe with CFHTLSrdquo
1230 ndash 1350 Lunch
Parallel Session A ndash Particle Nuclear Astro-physics Group
Chairmen H Tamura T Futamase Room205
1350 ndash 1420 Yoshiyuki ONUKI (Particle Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoMeasurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle angle phi3 at Belle experimentrdquo
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
12 |
1430 ndash 1500 Takeshi KOIKE (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoHypernuclear γ-ray spectroscopy at J-PARCrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masatoshi ITOH (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoSearch for the alpha cluster condensed state in 16
0rdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University) (Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoA dipole anisotropy of galaxy distribution Does the CMB rest frame exist in the local universerdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Tomohiro YOSHIKAWA (Astronomy Tohoku University) (Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoMOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies at the Star-Forming Epoch of the Universerdquo
Parallel Session B ndash Condensed Matter Physics Group
Chairmen Y Kuramoto T Takahashi Room203
1350 ndash 1420 Ken-Ichiro IMURA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoFrom graphene to Z2 topological insulatorrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Katsuhiko SATO (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoShear-induced phase separation of complex fluidsrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Hojun IM (Condensed Matter Physics Hirosaki University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoCe 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum critical point
a resonant angle-resolved photoemission studyrdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Seigo SOUMA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Takahashi)
ldquoSpin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of Rashba effect on semi-metal surfacerdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Ryo NOUCHI (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Takahashi)
ldquoMetal-contact effect on graphenerdquo
Parallel Session C ndash Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Chairmen T Shioya K Naoe Room204
1350 ndash 1420 Masahiro FUTAKI (Mathematics The University of Tokyo) (Chairman T Shioya)
ldquoAround Homological Mirror Symmetryrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Tatsuki KAWAKAMI (Mathematics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Shioya)
ldquoOn the heat equation in a half space with a nonlinear boundary conditionrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masahiko IGASHIRA (Philosophy Osaka University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoAn Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mindrdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Masaru YONEHARA (Philosophy Tohoku University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoUtilitarianism and Rawlsrdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Shun SATO (Philosophy Tohoku University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoHusserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience in Transcendental Phenomenologyrdquo
Collaborative Research Session A
Chairman K Inoue Room205
1730 ndash 1740 Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoResearch Center for Electron Photon Science (Laboratory of Nuclear Science) Development of an
electro-magnetic calorimter made up of ceramic PrLuAG scintillatorrdquo
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 13
1740 ndash 1750 Yuri SHIMIZU (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoStudy of geo neutrinos with KamLANDrdquo
1750 ndash 1800 Sumio YAMADA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoGeometric Analysis on Einstein Equationrdquo
Collaborative Research Session B
Chairman H Yamamoto Room203
1730 ndash 1740 Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
ldquoStudy of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed matter in gravitational wave
astronomyrdquo
1745 ndash 1755 Yosuke TAKUBO (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoDevelopment of Readout Board for FPCCD Detectorrdquo
Collaborative Research Session C
Chairman T Ogawa Room204
1730 ndash 1840 Katsuhiko SATO (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoTheoretical formulation of morphology dynamics of membranes based on a combination of
mathematical models and differential geometryrdquo
1745 ndash 1755 Keita YOKOYAMA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoThe search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics from the logical and
philosophical point of viewrdquo
1820 ndash 2000 Banquet
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
14 |
Talks
Plenary Session
Talk-1 ldquoHalo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fanordquo
Indranil MAZUMDAR (Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research India)
Talk-2 ldquoMechanics of Stress Fibersrdquo
Philippe MARCQ (Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie Curie Institut Curie France)
Talk-3 ldquoRelativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters ndash Graphene and othersrdquo
Young-Woo SON (Physics KIAS Korea)
Talk-4 ldquoA Fresh Direction for Quantum Research What Might Entanglement Be Telling Usrdquo
Jenann ISMAEL (Philosophy University of Arizona USA and University of Sydney Australia)
Talk-5 ldquoCalabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structuresrdquo
Ryushi GOTO (Mathematics Osaka University Japan)
Talk-6 ldquoProbing the large scale structure in the Universe with CFHTLSrdquo
Jean COUPON (Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France)
Special Session
Talk-7 ldquoCovariant density functional theory for Nuclear structure and application in astrophysicsrdquo
Jie Meng (Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
Talk-8 ldquoControl of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism in ZnO based DMS rdquo
Huaizhe Xu (Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University China)
Parallel Session A ndash ParticleNuclearAstoro- Physics Group
Talk-9 ldquoGeneral WIMP search at International Linear Colliderrdquo
Masaki ASANO (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-10 ldquoPrimordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmologyrdquo
Kazunori KOHRI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 15
Talk-11 ldquoHiggsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breakingrdquo
Masafumi KURACHI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-12 ldquoMeasurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle angle phi3 at Belle
experimentrdquo
Yoshiyuki ONUKI (Particle Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-13 ldquoHypernuclear γ-ray spectroscopy at J-PARCrdquo
Takeshi KOIKE (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-14 ldquoSearch for the alpha cluster condensed state in 16
0rdquo
Masatoshi ITOH (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-15 ldquoA dipole anisotropy of galaxy distribution Does the CMB rest frame exist in the local
universerdquo
Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Talk-16 ldquoMOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies at the Star-Forming Epoch
of the Universerdquo
Tomohiro YOSHIKAWA (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Parallel Session B - Condensed Matter Group Nuclear Physics
Talk-17 ldquo Exciton effect of Raman resonance window of single wall carbon nanotubesrdquo
Jinsung PARK (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-18 ldquoProperties of response function of nonequilibrium steady staterdquo
Tatsuro YUGE (Condensed Matter Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-19 ldquoHyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCDrdquo
Hidekatsu NEMURA (Nuclear Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-20 ldquo From graphene to Z2 topological insulatorrdquo
Ken-Ichiro IMURA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-21 ldquoShear-induced phase separation of complex fluidsrdquo
Katsuhiko SATO (Condensed Matter Theory Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
16 |
Talk-22 ldquoCe 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum critical point
a resonant angle-resolved photoemission studyrdquo
Hojun IM (Condensed Matter Physics Hirosaki University)
Talk-23 ldquoSpin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of Rashba effect on semi-metal surfacerdquo
Seigo SOUMA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-24 ldquoMetal-contact effect on graphenerdquo
Ryo NOUCHI (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Parallel Session C - Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Talk-25 ldquoApplication of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem for damped wave
equation with non-convexityrdquo
Yoshihiro UEDA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-26 ldquoToric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systemsrdquo
Yuichi NOHARA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-27 ldquoSingular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of a Semilinear Parabolic Equationrdquo
Shota SATO (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-28 ldquoAround Homological Mirror Symmetryrdquo
Masahiro FUTAKI (Mathematics the University of Tokyo)
Talk-29 ldquoOn the heat equation in a half space with a nonlinear boundary conditionrdquo
Tatsuki KAWAKAMI (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-30 ldquoAn Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mindrdquo
Masahiko IGASHIRA (Frontier Biosciences Osaka University)
Talk-31 ldquoUtilitarianism and Rawlsrdquo
Masaru YONEHARA (Philosophy Tohoku University)
Talk-32 ldquoHusserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience in Transcendental
Phenomenologyrdquo
Shun SATO (Philosophy Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 17
Parallel Session ndash Collaborative Research
Talk-33 ldquoDevelopment of an electro-magnetic calorimter made up of ceramic PrLuAG scintillatorrdquo
Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-34 ldquoStudy of geo neutrinos with KamLANDrdquo
Yuri SHIMIZU (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-35 ldquoGeometric Analysis on Einstein Equationrdquo
Sumio YAMADA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-36 ldquoStudy of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed matter in gravitational
wave astronomyrdquo
Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Talk-37 ldquoDevelopment of Readout Board for FPCCD Detectorrdquo
Yosuke TAKUBO (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-38 ldquoTheoretical formulation of morphology dynamics of membranes based on a combination of
mathematical models and differential geometryrdquo
Katsuhiko SATO (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-39 ldquoThe search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics from the logical and
philosophical point of viewrdquo
Keita YOKOYAMA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
18 |
Poster presentations PO no Title Name
1 Coherent control of excited states by multipulse photo excitation
Kenta Abe (Physics D2 Tohoku Univ)
2 de Haas ndashvan Alphen effect studies in the Antiferro-Quadrupolar ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3
Toshiyuki Isshiki (Physics D3 Tohoku Univ)
3 Measurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum in the Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHC
Takumi Ito (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
4 In situ NMR imaging of lithium- ion batteries during chargedischarge cycle
Yoshiki Iwai (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
5 Crack propagation in largely deformed rubber sheet
Daiki Endo (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
6 Optical response of photonic crystal with multi-layered structure
Rihei Endo (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
7 Pseudo-spin Kondo effect in a capacitively-coupled parallel double quantum dot
Yuma OKAZAKI (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
8 Spin and charge dynamics in a photo-excited double exchange system
Yu Kanamori (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
9 Observation of 8B Solar Neutrinos with KamLAND
Yoshiaki Kibe (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
10 z~3 LYMAN BREAK GALAXY CLUSTER SURVEY IN SSA22 WITH VIMOS
Katsuki Kousai (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
11 EELS and SXES studies of electronic structures of Al-TM alloys
Shogo Koshiya (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
12 Comparison of membrane physical property changes between DMPC membrane and DMPE membrane induced by melittin
Atsuji Kodama (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
13 Resonant x-ray scattering experiment on Pr(Ru1-xRhx)4P12
Kotaro Saito (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
14 Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
15 Pressure dependence of B-T phase diagram in heavy-fermion superconductor CeRhSi3
Tetsuya Sugawara (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
16 Neutral meson photoproduction with electromagnetic calorimeter complex FOREST
Koutaku Suzuki (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
17 Micro-photoluminescence around spin phase transition of ν=23 fractional quantum Hall regime
Jun-ichiro Hayakawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 19
18 Ionic conductivity of Trehalose-Water-Lithium iodide mixture in glass and supercooled liquid state
Reiji Takekawa (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
19 Progress of the new DAQ system for wide-band solar neutrino observation with KamLAND
Takemoto Yasuhiro (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
20 Double Chooz PMT preparation
TABATA Hiroshi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
21 Effects of lanthanoid ion on phosphate head groups in DMPC membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures
Kouya Tamatsukuri (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
22 Status of double beta decay experiment with KamLAND
Azusa Terashima (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
23 Simulations on Dynamics of Wormlike Micellar System Using Particle-Field Hybrid Models
Masatoshi Toda (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
24 Magneto-dielectric phenomena in charge ordered system with frustrated geometrical lattice
Makoto Naka (PhysicsD2 Tohoku University)
25 Pi-mesonic decays of Λ hypernuclei
Yoji Nakagawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
26 Axionic Mirage Mediation
Shuntaro Nakamura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
27 The Study of the Origin of Lyman alpha Emitters with Large Equivalent Widths
Yuki Nakamura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
28 Ultrafast broadband THz response of photo-induced metallic state in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF )2I3
Hideki Nakaya (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
29 Ring-Exchange interaction in Orbital Degenerate System
Joji Nasu (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
30 Shape Memory Effect Induced by Magnetic-Field Rotation in MnV2O4 Spinel Compound
Yoichi Nii (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
31 The ω meson photoproduction on the nucleon in the threshold region
Ryo HASHIMOTO (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
32 Prototype fast imaging detector for YN-scattering
Ryotaro Honda (Physics M1Tohoku University)
33 Ground state phase diagram of graphene in a high Landau level A density matrix renormalization group study
Tatsuya Higashi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
34 Investigation of the n (K0) reaction near the threshold
KFutatsukawa (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
35 Traffic flow of two lanes with a bottleneck
Sho Furuhashi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
20 |
36 Staggered Order with Kondo and Crystalline Field Singlets in f2 System
Shintaro Hoshino (Physics D1Tohoku University)
37 Proton elastic scattering of 9C at 290 MeV
Yohei Matsuda (Physics Assistant professor Tohoku University)
38 High Resolution and High Statistics Λ Hypernuclear Spectroscopy by the (eersquoK+) Reaction
Akihiko Matsumura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
39 External Gamma-ray Backgrounds of the KamLAND Detector
Yukie Minekawa (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
40 Higgs Triplet Model
Yusuke Motoki (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
41 Electron diffraction study of the low temperature phase of Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16
Daisuke Morikawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
42 Light scattering by collective excitation of phonon in quantum paraelectrics
Ryuta Takano (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
43 Formation of the Milky Way Based on the Analysis of Kinematics and Chemical Abundance of the Outer Halo Stars
Miho Ishigaki (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
44 Searching for Luminous Core-Collapsed Supernovae in a High-z Proto-Cluster
Nana Morimoto (Astronomy D1 Tohoku University)
45 A Study of Light Curves from Rapidly Rotating Neutron Stars
Kazutoshi Numata (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
46 CMB Bispectrum from the Second-Order Cosmological Perturbations
Daisuke Nitta (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
47 General Properties of Non-Radial Pulsations
Aprilia (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
48 A Study on Mathematical Fuzzy Logic
Ahmad Termimi Bin Ab Ghani (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
49 Some space-time integrability estimates of the solution for heat equations in two dimension
Norisuke Ioku ( Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
50 Well-posedness for Navier-Stokes equations in modulation spaces with negative derivative indices
Tsukasa Iwabuchi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
51 The soul conjecture for Riemannian orbifolds
Naoki Oishi ( Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
52 A new approach to the existence of harmonic maps
Toshiaki Omori (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
53 Stability of the interface of a Hele-Shaw flow with two injection points
Michiaki Onodera (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 21
54 THE ISOMORPHISM BETWEEN MOTIVIC COHOMOLOGY ANDK-GROUPS FOR
EQUI-CHARACTERISTIC REGULAR LOCAL RINGS
Yuki Kato (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
55 Bifurcations in semilinear elliptic equations on thin domains
Toru Kan (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
56 ON THE CURVATURE OF THE PSEUDO-VOLUME FORM DEFINING THE CARATH_EODORY
MEASURE HYPERBOLICITY
Shin Kikuta (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
57 Goumldels Incompleteness Theorem Recursively Axiomatizable Theories and Medvedev Degrees of Unsolvability
Takayuki Kihara (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
58 Hypergeometric series on a p-adic field
Kensaku Kinjo (Mathematics D2 Tohoku Univercity)
59 On Hasse principle of purely transcendental extension field in one variable
Makoto Sakagaito (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
60 Large time behavior of solutions for system of nonlinear damped wave equations
Hiroshi Takeda (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
61 Non-abelian generalization of Iwasawa theory
Kazuaki Tajima (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
62 The quadratic subextension of the class field of a real quadratic field
Toshihide Doi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
63 Pattern formation by receptor-based models for regeneration experiments on Hydra
Madoka Nakayama (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
64 The computational methods of canonical heights on elliptic curve
Tadahisa Nara (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
65 Spatial branching process in random environment
Nishimori Yasuhito (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
66 On a periodic decomposition of meromorphic functions
Takanao Negishi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
67 Difficulties of solving problems
Kojiro Higuchi (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
68 Undecidability and weak theory of concatenation
Yoshihiro Horihata (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
69 Daviesrsquo Conjecture for Pseudo-Schroumldinger Operators and its Applications to Penalization Problem
Masakuni Matsuura (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
70 TORSION POINTS OF ABELIAN VARIETIES WITH VALUES IN INFINITE EXTENSION FIELDS
Yuken Miyasaka (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
71 Maximum principle for a biological model related to the motion of amoebae
Harunori Monobe (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
22 |
72 Asymptotic behavior of solutions to the drift-diffusion equation in the whole spaces
Masakazu Yamamoto (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
73 A study of the idea of systematic knowledge
On the relation between nature and spirit in the organizational view of nature
Fukuko Abe (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
74 Medical technology and surrogate decision-making
Haruka Hikasa (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
75 Humersquos empiricism and the experimental method of reasoning
Hiromichi Sugawara (Philosophy D1 Tohoku University)
76 Epistemic deference and transmission of knowledge
How should we (non-scientists) acquire warranted beliefs about scientific propositions
Mariko Nihei (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
77 The Finiteness of Human Beings and the Role of Technology
Ryozo Suzuki (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
78 What is ethically problematic in Biogenetics
Takuma Obara (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
79 The ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude
Tetsurou Yamashita (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
80 Risk uncertainty and the precautionary principle How to deal with scientific uncertainty
Yasuhiko Fujio (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
81 The mechanism of suppressed dynamical friction in a constant density core of dwarf galaxies
Shigeki Inoue (Astronomy D2 Tohoku University)
82
83
84
85
86
87
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 23
Abstracts of Talks
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
24 |
Plenary Session
Talk-1
Halo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fano
Indranil Mazumdar
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai 400 005 India
Abstract
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 25
Talk-02
Mechanics of stress fibers
Abstract
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
26 |
Talk-03
Relativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters - Graphene
and others
Young-Woo Son
Korea Institute for Advanced Study
Abstract
Over the last thirty years researchers from various disciplines have interested in the physical properties of
carbon allotropes Half a decade ago a new carbon crystal called graphene was isolated Graphene a hexagonal
lattice of carbon atoms in the two-dimension is a condensed matter realization of the relativistic two-dimensional
Dirac equation After the successful isolations graphene has shown a cornucopia of interesting new physical
phenomena with an exponentially increasing literature The subtle interplays between electronic magnetic optical
geometrical and chemical properties in graphene have offered knotty riddles in various experiments as well as
various theoretical predictions to be verified Beyond its pure scientific thrusts there have been interests in radical
alternatives made of graphene to the conventional electronic devices In this talk I will discuss my recent works as
well as recent progress made in this exciting and fast moving field
Talk-04
Fresh Directions for Quantum Research
What Might Entanglement Be Telling Us
Jenann Ismael
University of Arizona University of Sydney
Abstract
Following a suggestion of David Bohmrsquos I will explore the possibility that phenomena associated with
entanglement and complementarity in quantum mechanics intimate a fundamentally non-spatiotemporal ordering to
reality
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 27
Talk-05
Calabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structures
Ryushi Goto
Osaka University
Abstract
The problem of constructing complete Ricci-flat Einstein manifolds is important for both Physicists and
geometers When the manifolds are compact and Kahler the problem is completely answered by Calabi and Yau
While it is mysterious and difficult for non-compact Kahler manifolds In this talk I will discuss a construction of
Ricci-flat metrics on a class of non-compact Kahler manifolds whose boundary are the cone of the Einstein-Sasaki
manifolds Einstein-Sasaki manifolds are the odd dimensional Einstein manifolds and recently new examples of
irregulat Einstein-Sasaki manifolds are discovered I will show that all resolution of the cone of Einstein-Sasaki
manifolds admit complete Ricci-flat Kahler metrics in every Kahler class by solving the Monge-Ampere equation
Many examples of Ricci-flat Kahler metrics arise as the resolution of the cone
Talk-06
Probing the Large Scale Structure in the Universe with the CFHTLS
Jean Coupon
Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France Tohoku University
Abstract
This talk focuses on the present and ongoing results of the Canada-France-Hawaii Legacy Survey (CFHTLS)
Recent progresses in observational cosmology have put tight constraints on the Standard Cosmological Model but
Dark Matter and Dark Energy remain the main unsolved questions By measuring the matter power spectrum in the
Universe one is able to study the properties and evolution of the Dark content I will present two complementary
methods among the most powerful ones to explore the large scale structure in the Universe First is the probe of the
total amount of matter through weak gravitational lensing (cosmic shear) and second is the study of galaxy
clustering in the framework of the Dark Matter halo model In addition considering that photometric redshifts are
solely capable to be measured for millions of galaxies I will demonstrate why they are essential to modern
cosmology and how to estimate precise values I will explain why the CFHTLS is best suited for these kinds of
analysis and I will show the most recent results Although cosmic shear probes are a very promising tool I will
explain why it is also challenging In particular I will emphasize some of the problems faced by observers
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
28 |
Special Session
Talk-07
COVARIANT DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY FOR NUCLEAR
STRUCTURE AND APPLICATION IN ASTROPHYSICS
J Meng
School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering Beihang University
Beijing 100191 China
The covariant density functional theory (DFT) with a minimal number of parameters allows a very successful
phenomenological description of ground state properties of nuclei all over the periodic table Recent progresses on
the application of the covariant density functional theory as well as its extensions by the group in Beijing for a
series of interests and hot topics in nuclear astrophysics and nuclear structure are reviewed including the rapid
neutron-capture process ThU chronometer halo and giant halo in density dependent relativistic
Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov and neutron halo in deformed nuclei
Talk-08
Control of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism
in ZnO based DMS
Huaizhe Xu
Department of Physics Beihang University Beijing 100191 P R China
Diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) have attracted growing interest because of their rich physics and
potential for new device applications in the field of spintronics However a basic requirement for practical
applications of ferromagnetic DMS is the achievement of Curie temperatures TC well exceeding room temperature
Based on the mean field theory Dietl et al had predicted that transition-metal doped ZnO might be one of the most
prospective candidates for realizing room-temperature DMS which had stimulated a great of interesting on the
ZnO based DMS However as the evidences for both intrinsic and the extrinsic ferromagnetism of Zn1-xCoxO have
been experimentally observed the origin of the ferromagnetism was in intensive dispute In order to clear the
confusions on the structure and the ferromagnetic origin of Zn1-xCoxO we have systemically investigated the
structure and the ferromagnetism of the Zn1-xCoxO nanocrystals Our experimental results indicate that
bull The Co doping concentration in ZnO nanocrystals is only 5 The Co distribution in the nanocrystals is
inhomogeneous for the self-purification mechanism
bull The ferromagnetism of Zn095Co005O has great variations via different post-annealing treatment (O2 Ar
and H2 respectively)The variations of ferromagnetism owing to increase of Vorsquos and the formation of
Co-H-Co stable structures
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 29
bull P-type doping can improve the magnetic coupling between Co ions which is supported by the BMPs
model
bull The inhomogeneous distribution of TM may be the main reason of the current controversy in experimental
results on many of the highly crystallized DMS It should be seriously taken into account in future DMSs
study
Reference
[1] Jianjun Li Weichang Hao Huaizhe Xu et al Journal of Applied Physics 2009 106 063915
[2] Jianjun Li Weichang Hao Huaizhe Xu et al Journal of Applied Physics 2009 105 053907
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
30 |
Parallel Session A (ParticleAstronomy)
Talk-09
General WIMP search at International Linear Collider
Masaki Asano
Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Existence of dark matter in our universe has already been established by recent cosmological observation such
as the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe experiment The most plausible candidate for dark matter is a
Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) Models of the physics beyond the standard model contain a
candidate for WIMP dark matter other new particles (eg charged heavy particle X^-) and new vertices (eg
(WIMP X^- W^+)) We study the process e^+ e^- X^+ X^- WIMP W+ WIMP W^- in order to distinguish
the dark matter nature in the International Linear Collider (ILC) From the study of this process new particle
masses and parameters can be determined very accurately In particular angular distributions are the powerful
probe to investigate the spin of new particles In this study we consider candidates for WIMPs in the
supersymmetric model the little Higgs model and the inert doublet model We investigate the sensitivity of the
measurements to dark matter nature at the ILC based on a realistic Monte Carlo simulation
Talk-10
Primordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmology
Kazunori Kohri
Physics Assistant Tohoku University
Abstract
When we study phenomena occurred at the beginning of the Universe we have to have a birds-eye nature-view for
the hierarchy of physics and employ all connected fields in physics such as particle physics nuclear physics
general relativity astrophysics and cosmology Thus the GCOE program in Tohoku University should be perfect for
us to accomplish this purpose
So far we have confirmed that the standard big-bang cosmology can describe the Universe correctly as far back as
the cosmic time is one second at which big-bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) starts because theoretical predictions of
light element abundances in BBN completely agree with observations Therefore that epoch is the earliest one
after which we understand the Universe by using theoretical physics
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 31
On the other hand in modern particle physics beyond the standard model variety of new phenomena are predicted
in earlier epochs We can check if those new theories are consistent with observations by comparing light element
abundances predicted in each theory with observational data since these new theories easily affect the light element
abundances Thus BBN can verify those hypothetical theories and probe the earlier Universe
In this talk I would like to discuss recent topics in particle cosmology which relates with verifications of new
theories such as supersymmety (SUSY)
Talk-11
Higgsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breaking
Masafumi Kurachi
Physics Assistant Professor Tohoku University
Abstract
It is known that masses of elementary particles are explained by the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the
electroweak symmetry however the origin of the electroweak symmetry breaking has not been identified so far In
the Standard Model of the elementary particles the spontaneous electroweak symmetry breaking is achieved by
introducing an as yet undiscovered scalar particle (Higgs particle) and letting them have the vacuum expectation
value It is true that the Standard Model with Higgs particle is consistent with numerous numbers of experiments
which have been done so far however Higgs sector of the Standard Model itself has several theoretical problems
One of the most serious problem is the hierarchy problem which originates from the fact that the mass of the scalar
particle is not protected by the symmetry in the Standard Model Because of this many models beyondalternative
to the Standard Model has been proposed In this talk Id like to introduce a Higgsless model as an example of such
models which tries to cure the problem in the Standard Model In the Higgsless model because the Higgs particle is
removed from the Standard Model there is no hierarchy problem from the beginning As a possible new particle
which appears at a TeV scale vector meson is introduced in the model I will explain how to write down the
Lagrangian which describe this situation namely Standard Model - Higgs + vector resonance
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
32 |
Talk-12
Measurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle
angle phi3 at Belle experiment
Yoshiyuki Onuki
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Within the standard model CP violation arises due to a single phase in Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM)
quark mixing matrix Precise measurements of CKM matrix parameters therefore constrain the standard model
and may reveal new source of CP violation Various methods have been proposed to determine the unitarity triangle
angle phi3 of the CKM matrix with B-gtDX decay modes where X represents one or more light mesons In this talk
current experimental status and future prospects of phi3 measurements at Belle experiment will be summarized
Talk-13
Hypernuclear g-ray spectroscopy at J-PARC
Takeshi Koike
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Ordinary matter around us is made of at a subatomic level protons and neutrons However inside of a neutron star
there is a possibility that a matter made of strange particles as well exists These strange particles are called as
hyperons which distinguish themselves from protons and neutrons in having a strange quark or a strange quantum
number A nucleus with a hyperon(s) is then called a hypernucleus Studies of hypernucleus provide us with more
general and unified understanding of nuclear force which is one of the four fundamental forces of nature know to
mankind
Hypernuclei on Earth have artificially been created using particle beams provided by accelerators and been
actively studied experimentally The ongoing experimental efforts have entered a new phase with a commissioning
of an intense proton accelerator J-PARC in Tokai Japan since 2009 One of the main experiments that is planed
and prepared at the J-PARC facility is an ultra precise investigation of structures of various hypenuclei via the
gamma-ray spectroscopy using an array of high purity Germanium detector named as Hyperball-J
In this presentation the present status of Hyperball-J now being constructed will be reported as well as main
physics themes that the experiment strives to reveal
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 33
Talk-14
Search for the alpha condensed state in 16
O
Masatoshi Itoh
Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
34 |
Talk-15
A Dipole Anisotropy of Galaxy Distribution
Does the CMB Rest Frame Exist in the Local Universe
Yousuke Itoh
Astronomy Tohoku University
Abstract
The peculiar motion of the Earth causes a dipole anisotropy modulation in the distant galaxy distribution due to
the aberration effect However the amplitude and angular direction of the effect is not necessarily the same as those
of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) dipole anisotropy due to the growth of cosmic structures In other
words exploring the aberration effect may give us a clue to the horizon-scale physics perhaps related to the cosmic
acceleration In this paper we develop a method to explore the dipole angular modulation from the pixelized galaxy
data on the sky properly taking into account the covariances due to the shot noise and the intrinsic galaxy clustering
contamination as well as the partial sky coverage We applied the method to the galaxy catalogs constructed from
the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 6 data After constructing the four galaxy catalogs that are
different in the ranges of magnitudes and photometric redshifts we found that the two samples of fainter
magnitudes indicate a non-zero dipole anisotropy with amplitudes greater than that of the CMB dipole by a factor
10 and in the angular direction consistent with the CMB direction although the dipole signal is weaker for the other
two samples and is found sensitive to an inclusion of the Southern Galactic Hemisphere region The indicated
bulk-flow amplitude is also not inconsistent with the result implied from a stacked analysis of the kinetic
Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect of X-ray luminous clusters in Kashlinsky et al (20082009) Finally we argue that an
almost full-sky galaxy survey such as LSST may allow for a significant detection of the aberration effect of the
CMB dipole having the precision of constraining the angular direction to ~ 20 degrees in radius
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 35
Talk-16
MOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies
at the Star-Forming Epoch of the Universe
Tomohiro Yoshikawa
Astronomy Tohoku University
Abstract
Recent studies revealed that a significant fraction of stars in the present-day galaxies were formed when the age
of the universe was about a half of the present about a half of the stellar mass in the present universe is formed
during the several Gyrs In order to understand the buildup of stellar mass in galaxies at this epoch it is crucial to
examine the relationship of star formation rate (SFR) to stellar mass However fluxes from distant universe are
redshifted due to the expansion of the universe so that optical fluxes in rest-frame which provide stellar masses
and SFRs of galaxies are redshifted to near-infrared wavelengths
In this talk we present the results of near-infrared multi-object spectroscopic observations for 37 star-forming
galaxies at the high-redshift universe The observations are conducted with Multi-Object InfraRed Camera and
Spectrograph (MOIRCS) on the Subaru Telescope The sample is drawn from the Ks-band (22μm) selected
catalog of the MOIRCS Deep Survey (MODS) in the GOODS-N region To preferentially select actively
star-forming galaxies we put higher priority on the galaxies identified in the publicly available 24μm-source
catalog of the Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer (MIPS)
Hα emission lines were detected from 23 galaxies of which the median redshift is 212 We derived the SFRs
from extinction-corrected Hα luminosities and compared them with stellar masses estimated by SED fitting using
multi-band photometric data covering across UV and near-infrared wavelengths The comparison shows no
correlation between SFR and stellar mass Some galaxies with stellar mass smaller than ~1010
M show SFR
higher than ~100 M yr-1
The specific SFRs (SFR per unit stellar mass SSFRs) of these galaxies are remarkably
high galaxies which have SSFR higher than ~10-8
yr-1
are found in 8 of the present sample The large SFR
implies the possibility that the high SSFR galaxies significantly contribute to the cosmic SFR density of the
universe at z~2 We discuss the star-forming properties of the high SSFR galaxies
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
36 |
Parallel Session B (Condensed MatterNuclear)
Talk-17
Exciton effect of the Raman resonance window of
single wall carbon nanotubes
Jin Sung Park
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
In the Raman excitation profile (RRP) that is Raman intensity as functions of excitation energy an important
parameter for evaluating the population of SWNTs is the Raman resonance window which is defined by an
energy full width at half maximum in the RRP In quantum mechanics is obtained by the uncertainty relation for
the lifetime of the exciton A dominant origin of the lifetime of the exciton in the Raman scattering process is an
inelastic scattering by emitting or absorbing phonons In the previous paper we have calculated the carrier lifetime
by considering electron-phonon interaction and the Fermi golden rule [1] In the case of semicondcuting (S-)
SWNT the calculated values are in a good agreement with the experiment However some deviation between
calculation and experiment appears in a different way for type I and II S-SWNTs in which type I and II S-SWNTs
are defined respectively by [mod(2n+m3)=1] and [mod(2n+m3)=2] for a (nm) SWNT In fact the experimental
values for the type I S-SWNTs are smaller than the calculated ones while those for the type II S-SWNTs are larger
than the calculated one A possible reason for this deviation might come from the exciton effect which we did not
consider in the previous calculation For improving the deviation we calculate the value by considering
exciton-phonon interaction The exciton-phonon matrix element for the electron scattering process can be obtained
by the electron-phonon matrix element weighted by the exciton wave function coefficient [2] which depends on the
chiral angle and diameter In the previous calculation [2] we use a simple tight binding wavefunction for
exciton-phonon interaction but recently the exciton-phonon interaction is calculated by extended tight binding
method We will report the new calculated values and compare with the recent precise measurement by single
nanotube spectroscopy
Reference
1) J S Park et al Phys Rev B 74 165414 (2006)
2) J Jiang et al Phys Rev B 75 035405 (2007)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 37
Talk-18
Properties of response function of nonequilibrium steady state
Tatsuro YUGE
IIAIR Tohoku University
Abstract
Response to an external probe provides various information of a system and is one of the most important
characterizations of it In this talk we consider general properties of linear response functions of nonequilibrium
steady states We derive a microscopic expression of a linear response function for a deterministic model which
covers a wide range of nonequilibrium systems Using the expression we show sum rules and asymptotic behaviors
of it We demonstrate the properties by a molecular dynamics simulation of a numerical model We also discuss the
validity of the properties in a stochastic model
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
38 |
Talk-19
Hyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCD
Hidekatsu Nemura
Department of Physics Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 39
Talk-20
From graphene to Z2 topological insulator
Ken-Ichiro Imura
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
A topological insulator has a remarkable property of being metallic on the surface albeit insulating in the bulk
Recently much focus is on a specific type of topological insulators which is said to be Z2-nontrivial and realized as
a consequence of interplay between spin-orbit coupling and a band structure with effective relativistic dispersion
(electrons satisfy a Dirac equation) Such systems are invariant under time reversal and shows Kramers degeneracy
Graphene is a two-dimensional (2D) implementation of such Dirac electron system which also realizes a
prototype [1] of Z2 topological insulator in the presence of intrinsic and extrinsic (Rashba) spin-orbit interactions
Recently we were able characterize specific localization properties of this system in the presence of weak disorder
and under doping [2] We have shown in particular that localization symmetry class is determined by the parity of
the total number Ns of ldquoactivatedrdquo effective spins in the system Our diagnosis provides a contemporary version of
the weak localization theory
The correspondence between the physics of bulk and of the edge highlights the physics of a topological insulator
[3] To demonstrate we make a close comparison between the continuum Dirac theory and the square lattice
tight-binding model [4] for a Z2-topological insulator in 2D It is naturally shown that not only explicit but also
hidden Dirac cones in the high-energy spectrum contribute to and ensure the integral quantization of spin Hall
conductance The nature of gapless edge modes in the lattice model under different (straight vs zigzag) boundary
conditions is extensively studied We demonstrate that the edge modes of a Z2-topological insulator are susceptible
of various finite size effects in comparison with chiral edge modes of quantum Hall insulator By comparing the
behavior of gapless edge modes in real and momentum spaces we show that localizability of edge mode is
intricately related to level crossings due to projection of 2D bulk spectrum onto the 1D edge
[1] CL Kane and EJ Mele Phys Rev Lett 95 146802 (2005) ibid 226801
[2] K-I Imura Y Kuramoto and K Nomura arXiv09041676 Europhys Lett in press arXiv09075051 Phys
Rev B 80 085119 (2009)
[3] K-I Imura A Yamakage A Hotta and Y Kuramoto in preparation
[4] BA Bernevig TL Hughes and S-C Zhang Science 314 1757 (2006)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
40 |
Talk-21
Shearinduced phase separation of complex fluids
Katsuhiko Sato1)
Xue-Feng Yuan2)
and Toshihiro Kawakatsu1)
1)
Department of Physics Tohoku University Japan 2)
School of Chemical Engineering and
Analytical Science University of Manchester UK
Abstract
It is well known that complex fluids such as wormlike micellar solutions exhibit shear-induced phase separations
called shear banding [1] In such a situation the system spatially separates into two regions having high and
low shear rate values with a common shear stress The phenomenon has fascinated many investigators and has been
aggressively investigated both experimentally and theoretically
One of the most striking features of that phenomenon is that its behaviors are quite similar to those of
thermodynamic phase transitions such as liquid-vapor phase transitions despite that it is a non-equilibrium
phenomenon Examples of the similarities are (i) the appearance of a shear stress plateau in the stress-strain rate
curve (note the similarity with isotherms in the p-V plane in the liquid-vapor transition system) (ii) the
independence of the plateau value on the flow history and (iii) the existence of metastable states Although the
analogy between shear banding and thermodynamic phase transitions have been pointed out by many investigators
almost no solid theoretical explanation for these similarities has been presented up to now
Recently we have succeeded in solving this problem [2] ie we have answered to the question ldquoWhy does shear
banding behave like first order phase transitionsrdquo or ldquoCan we describe shear banding in terms of a potential just
like in the case of thermodynamic phase transitionsrdquo Starting from a mechanical constitutive model describing
shear banding which does not have any explicit thermodynamic potential we derive a quantity corresponding to
thermodynamic potentials by applying a reduction method based on the center manifold theory [3] to the governing
equation of the model The reduction method we have taken there is a general one so we can apply this method to
other constitutive models describing shear banding and there is a possibility that we reach some universality In this
talk we provide a brief review on shear banding and explain the details of our theoretical work
[1] H Rehage H Hoffmann Mol Phys 74 933 (1991)
[2] K Sato X-F Yuan T Kawakatsu Eur Phys J E in press
[3] H Mori Y Kuramoto Dissipative Structures and Chaos (Springer-Verlag Berlin 1998)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 41
Talk-22
Ce 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum
critical point a resonant angle-resolved photoemission study
Hojun IM Department of Advanced Physics Hirosaki Univerisy
Abstract
We report the systematic angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) studies of Ce-based heavy fermion compounds
CeNi1-xCoxGe2 whose ground states are change from antiferromagnetic to non-magnetic heavy fermion via
quantum critical point (QCP) Recently it was clearly observed that the Kondo resonance (KR) peaks (Ce 4f1 state)
are dispersed from above the Fermi-level (EF) and cross EF forming the diamond-shaped Fermi-surface (FS) in
non-magnetic heavy-fermion system CeCoGe08Si12 [1] The systematic Ce 4d-4f resonant ARPES studies of
CeNi1-xCoxGe2 reveal that such momentum-dependence of KR peaks exists across QCP indicating the itinerant
character of f-electrons in agreement with the results of angle-integrated photoelectron spectroscopy [2]
References
[1] H J Im et al Phys Rev Lett 100 176402 (2008)
[2] H J Im et al Phys Rev B 72 220405 (2005)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
42 |
Talk-23
Spin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of
Rashba effect on semi-metal surface
Seigo Souma
WPI-AIMR Tohoku University
Abstract
Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is known as a powerful technique to investigate the fine
electronic structure relevant to the intriguing physical phenomena in solids such as superconductivity heavy
fermions metal-insulator transition and so on This technique yet has suffered from two inherent problems
originating in the principle of PES itself namely (1) the high surface sensitivity and (2) the difficulty in resolving
the spin polarization of electrons To overcome those problems we have constructed an ultrahigh resolution
photoemission spectrometer equipped with a newly developed xenon-plasma discharge lamp and a mini-Mott
detector The xenon-plasma discharge lamp provides several intense resonance lines from xenon plasma in the
energy range of 8-11 eV which is enough to achieve high bulk-sensitivity Combined with a large hemispherical
energy analyzer and a spherical concaved grating we achieved high energy resolution less than 1 meV as a total
system in the spin-integrated mode We also have developed a compact Mott spin detector operating at 25 kV and
adapted it to the large hemispherical electron energy analyzer through an electron deflector lens We have
redesigned the analyzer and mounted the entrance of the deflector lens at a location close to the f40mm
microchannel plate (MCP) This enables the observation of electron energy and momentum by the MCP with
comparable quality to modern electron analyzers simultaneously to the electron spin measurement by the Mott
detector
In this talk we present spin-resolved ARPES experiments on group-V semimetal surfaces By using merit of
the newly developed photoemission spectrometer we clearly observed spin-splitting of energy band caused by
strong spin-orbit interaction enhanced in surface state (surface Rashba effect) which would be an essential
ingredients to design a new functional spintronics devices
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 43
Talk-24
Metal-contact effect on graphene
Ryo Nouchi
WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University
Abstract
Graphene one-atom-thick carbon sheet with a honeycomb structure have been attracting incredible attention for
its unique physical properties [1] This material shows an extraordinary high charge carrier mobility of higher than
200000 cm2 V
-1 s
-1 [2] and is considered to be a major candidate for a future high-speed transistor material In
addition graphene has shown its ability to transport charge carriers with spin conservation even at room
temperature and is regarded as a pivotal material for spintronics applications [3] In order to construct electronic
devices such as field-effect transistors (FETs) metallic materials should make a contact with the graphene layers as
is schematically shown in Fig 1 Resultant graphene-metal contacts are considered to affect device properties in a
similar way that metal-semiconductor interfaces govern the operation of conventional electronic devices through
formation of Schottkyohmic contacts In the case of metal-graphene interfaces carriers are expected to be doped
from the metal [4] and a pinning of the potential of graphene was found to occur at the contacts [5]
In this talk experimental investigations by means of a FET structure are presented Figure 2 displays typical
transfer (drain current versus gate voltage) characteristics of a graphene FET The gate voltage with a minimum
drain current can be indicative of carrier doping from the electrodes The overall shape of the characteristics
enables us to examine the potential pinning effect a simple simulation shows that distorted characteristics observed
with ferromagnetic contacts [6] is attributable to the absence of the potential pinning
[1] A H Castro Neto F Guinea N M R Peres K S Novoselov and A K Geim Rev Mod Phys 81 109
(2009)
[2] K I Bolotin K J Sikes Z Jiang M Klima G Fudenberg J Hone P Kim and H L Stormer Solid State
Comm 146 351 (2008)
[3] M Ohishi M Shiraishi R Nouchi T Nozaki T Shinjo and Y Suzuki Jpn J Appl Phys 46 L605 (2007)
[4] G Giovannetti P A Khomyakov G Brocks V M Karpan J van den Brink and P J Kelly Phys Rev Lett
101 026803 (2008)
[5] E J H Lee K Balasubramanian R T Weitz M Burghard and K Kern Nat nanotechnol 3 486 (2008)
[6] R Nouchi M Shiraishi and Y Suzuki Appl Phys Lett 93 152104 (2008)
Fig1 Schematic diagram of a graphene FET
SiO2
Highly-doped Si
Gate Voltage
Drain current
Drain voltage
A
Graphene
Metal contact
Fig2 Typical transfer characteristics
of a graphene FET
100806040200
Dra
in c
urr
ent (
mA
)
-40 0 40Gate voltage (V)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
44 |
Parallel Session C (MathematicsPhilosophy)
Talk-25
Application of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem
for damped wave equation with non-convexity
Yoshihiro Ueda
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
We consider the initial-boundary value problem for damped wave equations with a nonlinear convection term in
the half line In the case where the flux is convex it is shown that the solution tends to the corresponding stationary
wave In this talk we show that even for a quite wide class of flux functions which are not necessarily convex such
the stationary wave is asymptotically stable The proof is given by a technical $L^2$-weighted energy method and
an anti-derivative method
Talk-26
Toric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systems
Yuichi Nohara
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
A completely integrable system on a symplectic manifold of dimension 2n is a set of n functions which are
functionally independent and Poisson commuting A typical example is a moment map of a torus action on a toric
variety A completely integrable system gives a structure of foliation by Lagrangian submanifolds and this plays
an important role in mirror symmetry which is a duality in string theory (mathematically it is formulated as a duality
between symplectic geometry and complex geometry) For example mirror partners of toric varieties can be
constructed by using the moment maps
The Gelfand-Cetlin system is a completely integrable system on a complex flag manifold It is known that the flag
manifold has a degeneration into a (singular) toric variety We show that the Glefand-Cetlin system can be deformed
into a moment map of a torus action on the toric variety We also discuss some applications This talk is based on a
joint work with T Nishinou and K Ueda
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 45
Talk-27
Singular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of
a Semilinear Parabolic Equation
Shota Sato
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
We study the Cauchy problem for a semilinear parabolic equation Our concern is the existence of a singular
solution whose singularity becomes anomalous in finite time First we study the structure of singular radial
solutions for an equation derived by backward self-similar variables Using this we obtain a singular backward
self-similar solution whose singularity becomes stronger or weaker than that of a singular steady state This talk is a
joint work with E Yanagida
Talk-28
Around Homological Mirror Symmetry
Masahiro Futaki
Mathematics University of Tokyo
Abstract
Homological Mirror Symmetry (HMS for short) is a duality between complex and symplectic geometries
originally found by Maxim Kontsevich in 1994 In this talk we introduce a variant of HMS in the context of mirror
symmetry between Fano variety and Laudau-Ginzburg model and investigate some examples
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
46 |
Talk-29
On the heat equation in a half space with
a nonlinear boundary condition
Tatsuki Kawakami
Mathematics Tohoku University
Talk-30
An Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mind
Masahiko Igashira
Frontier Biosciences Osaka University
Abstract
At Osaka University we attempt to establish an interdisciplinary research area titled Cognitive Neuroscience
Robotics by closely integrating research on robotics cognitive science and neuroscience while aiming at the
creation of a new paradigm for understanding the human being and the realization of new interfaces for relieving
brain overload in the usage of highly-complicated IRT systems
In this program philosophers are engaged in the following two themes Firstly to suggest efficient methods for
creating a new paradigm from the view point of a philosophy of science while at the same time refining existing
theories within philosophy of science by examining whether these theories sufficiently contribute to our
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 47
understanding of the generating processes of new research areas Secondly philosophers approach the question of
whether the robot which can hardly be distinguished from real humans which might be produced in the future of
Cognitive Neuroscience Robotics should be recognized as having a MIND or RIGHTS
In this presentation basic conceptions and activities with regard to the second question will be discussed
Furthermore a method for approaching the complex problem of how to understand the MIND in the physical
world will be developed
Talk-31
Utilitarianism and Rawls
Masaru Yonehara
Philosophy Tohoku University
Abstract
John Rawls one of the most important political philosophers of the 20th century is a critic of utilitarianism In
utilitarianism an action is right if and only if it brings about the greatest balance of happiness over unhappiness for
everyone affected by the action otherwise it is wrong Rawls asserts that if slavery or some other system of
extreme social and economic inequalities can produce a greater balance of happiness over unhappiness than any
alternative utilitarianism condones or even commands these institutions which we normally consider quite unjust
According to Rawls his ldquotwo principles of justicerdquo condemn these unjust institutions However this criticism
against utilitarianism is incorrect And I argue that Rawlsrsquos theory has a fatal flaw his theory cannot provide good
reasons why immoral actions against the disabled are impermissible Hence the purpose of my presentation is to
demonstrate that utilitarianism can provide such reasons
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
48 |
Talk-32
Husserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience
in Transcendental Phenomenology
Shun Sato
Philosophy Tohoku University
Abstract
In this presentation I investigate a possible interpretation of Husserls phenomenological theory of perceptual
experience as a disjunctive one My study consists of four sections In sections 1 and 2 I characterize disjunctivism
as a position representing a resistance against what appears to be historically more or less orthodoxy presenting
what has been described as an argument from hallucination for this traditional view This form of argument seems
to compel us to acknowledge that our experience at large is a common factor to perception and hallucination and
therefore that our experience does not intrinsically reach worldly objects According to disjunctivists this seeming
is not the real They tell us that we have either experience if it is veridical which involves a worldly object or
experience which does not if it is not veridical hence we do not always have an intrinsically falling-short-of-world
experience They argue that we perceive in a veridical case an object which is a constituent of a real world as is
suggested they usually speak in defense of direct realism In section 3 I try to show that Husserls transcendental
idealism is not incompatible with direct realistic theory of perception looking into his conception of perceptual
intentionality evidence (or reason) and reality In the final section I take up an interpretation of Husserls view
about experience as disjunctivism provided by A D Smith to which I add my own view Finally I suggest that
Husserls disjunctivism should better be characterized as a form of epistemological disjunctivism
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 49
Parallel Session - Collaborative Research
Talk-33
Development of an electro-magnetic calorimeter made up of
ceramic PrLuAG scintillator
Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics)
Research Center for Electron and Photon Science (Laboratory of Nuclear Science)
Abstract
Quarks are fundamental building blocks of matter and they unite to configure composite particles called
hadrons Experimentally observed hadrons before 2003 can be understood as a composite of three quarks (baryons)
or that of a quark and an anti-quark (mesons) Study of exotic hadrons which are not classified as baryons or
mesons has been a subject of great interest in nuclear physics after a narrow S=1 baryon resonance (Θ+) was
observed at SPring-8LEPS for the first time The Θ+ can be a member of anti-decuplet penta-quark baryons (four
quarks and an anti-quark) with the lowest mass
After the LEPS experiment both the positive and negative results have been reported by many other facilities
Searching for other members is important to establish the penta-quark picture A narrow bump is observed at our
facility in the excitation function for η photo-production on the neutron near E~1 GeV It would be attributed to a
member of anti-decuplet baryons with hidden strangeness since no signature corresponding to this bump is
observed in η photo-production on the proton To investigate this bump precisely an electro-magnetic (EM)
calorimeter with a large solid angle and with a high energy resolution is required since the η meson is identified by
detecting two photons from its decay
A praseodymium doped lutetium aluminum garnet Lu3Al5O12 (PrLuAG) is an excellent scintillator for EM
calorimeters utilized in nuclear and particle physics It has good characteristics such as good energy resolution fast
response a short radiation length and no hygroscopicity At this moment its large single crystal cannot be
manufactured which may be used as a module for an EM calorimeter Recently a ceramic PrLuAG scintillator has
been developed by Prof Yoshikawa and Prof Yanagita in Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced
Materials Tohoku University The ceramic one is expected to be manufactured in a desired shape and to be much
cheaper than the single crystal In this talk the current status of preparing a ceramic PrLuAG scintillator dedicated
to an EM calorimeter is discussed
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
50 |
Talk-34
Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Abstract
Anti-neutrinos travel from the Earthrsquos interior due to beta decays of mainly three isotopes 238
U 232
Th and 40
K
The study of geo-neutrinos was performed using 207659-day data taken with KamLAND which is the
anti-neutrino detector contained 1000 tons of liquid scintillator (LS) The data includes 58603-day data since the
LS purification was started
The LS purification is distillation and N2 purge for LS and was performed to reduce low energy backgrounds
such as 85
Kr 210
Bi and 210
Po These isotopes were reduced by ~ 185000 ~ 12100 and ~ 116 respectively While
the LS purification reduced backgrounds it caused the decrease of light yield by ~ 20 and following the deviation
of the position and time dependence Energy and its deviation are corrected using calibration and spallation data
before the geo-neutrino analysis
Anti-neutrinos are extracted from data using the likelihood selection based on the probability density function of
anti-neutrinos and accidental backgrounds depending on those rate to use low energy region and outer volume with
many accidental backgrounds
The main backgrounds for geo-neutrinos are reactor neutrinos and 13
C(alpha n)16
O reaction The latter is
reduced by ~ 116 after the LS purification due to the reduction of the main alpha source 210
Po
The expected number of geo-neutrinos is calculated using the reference Earth model based on seismology
petrology and the BSE model It is 976 events The Rate + Shape + Time analysis was performed using these
results The best-fit of geo-neutrinos does not conflict with the expectation The accuracy of measurement was
significantly improved from the last official result Zero geo-neutrinos are excluded at over 3 sigma CL That is
the first evidence of geo-neutrinos The fully-radiogenic models of 44 TW or 31 TW were also restricted for the
first time
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 51
Talk-35
Geometric Analysis on Einstein Equation
Sumio Yamada
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
The Einstein equation states that the spacetime we live in is Ricci-flat (vacuum case) namely it is flat in the
sense that the Ricci curvature tensor of the spacetime as a Lorentzian manifold vanishes If it is simply flat then
the space becomes trivial namely the spacetime is isometric to the Minkowski space The Ricci-flatness on the
other hand allows much freedom in determining the shape of the spacetime The degree of freedom is manifest in
the nonlinearity of the Einstein equation whose structure as a system of fully nonlinear partial differential
equations has discouraged mathematicians and physicists alike for many years
In this talk we will present several aspects of current research which are different approaches to the task of
understanding the Einstein equation The first one is from the viewpoint of three dimensional Riemannian
geometry where the threefold represents the space obtained by fixing ldquotimerdquo in the spacetime The second comes
from analyzing the Einstein equation as an evolution equation of the threefold a sort of deformation theory over
time The third approach is to formulate exact solutions of the Einstein equation which often contains
singularities the ldquoblackholesrdquo
The complete understanding of the Einstein equation still remains elusive those systematic approaches have
proved to be productive in mathematics as well as theoretical physics so that there are many beautiful theories born
out of the investigations
Talk-36
Study of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed
Study matter in gravitational wave astronomy
Yousuke Itoh
Astronomical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
Among the known four forces gravity is the most weak interaction As a result it is expected that gravitational
wave astronomy will enables us to explore the new aspects of the universe which are hidden for electromagnetic and
neutrino astronomers Those include the early universe beyond the redshift ~ 1000 (the last scattering surface of the
cosmic microwave background) and properties of matter inside highly compact stars In this talk I will briefly review
the gravitational wave theory how we detect it the current status of the world-wide efforts for gravitational wave
detection and then talk about our research efforts
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
52 |
Talk-37
Development of Readout Board for FPCCD Detector
Yosuke Takubo
Department of physics Tohoku University
Abstract
FPCCD (Fine Pixel CCD) is a CCD detector whose pixel size is 5 x 5 μm2 and thickness of the sensitive layer
is 15 μm The sensitive layer of FPCCD is fully depleted to suppress the diffusion in the epitaxial layer and it
realizes good hit separation capability It is considered to use FPCCD for the high energy physics material science
and astronomy since the small pixel size realizes the excellent position resolution To establish the technology we
developed the test sample of FPCCD in 2008 whose pixel size is 12 x 12 μm2 The pixel size will be make smaller
to 6 x 6 μm2 in the second test sample in 2010 We also developed prototype of the readout ASIC to operate and
readout FPCCD
Together with the FPCCD sensor and readout ASIC development of the readout system is important issue
There are some requirements to the readout system due to characteristics of the FPCCD The readout speed must be
above 10 Mpixsec for one readout channel to read all the pixels The readout board must have ability of the data
processing like zero-suppression to reduce data sent to PC The data transfer rate to PC should be about 1 Gbps
We developed prototype of the readout board for FPCCD in 2009 The readout board is designed as
KEK-VME9U module The LVDS input and output is prepared to treat 16 x 4 channels Since a FPGA (Field
Programmable Gate Array) is equipped on the board logic for data processing could be easily modified The data
transfer rate to PC of 1 Gbps is realized by SiTCP technology in which the logic for TCPIP is embedded in FPGA
In my talk the status of development of the readout board will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 53
Talk-38
Theoretical Formulation of Morphology Dynamics of Membranes
Based on a Combination of Mathematical Models and Differential
Geometry
Yutaka Oya1)
Masatoshi Toda1)
Katsuhiko Sato1)
Toshihiro Kawakatsu1)
and
Izumi Takagi2)
1) Department of Physics 2) Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
Bio-membranes and vesicles are bilayers of lipid molecules with closed form A typical example is red blood cell
It is well known that the equilibrium shape of these membranes are determined by minimizing the following
Helfrich bending elastic energy [1]
2
02
CCdH aa
(1)
where ad is the infinitesimal area element of the membrane surface aC the local mean curvature 0C the
spontaneous curvature the bending elastic constant This energy is to be minimized among closed surfaces
having the prescribed surface area and bounding volume [2]
Although this Helfrich model is successful for equilibrium shape problems it is not easy to study dynamical
processes such as deformation fission and fusion of membranes under an external flow field or in the presence of
guest molecules such as polymers injected into the membrane In such a situation a field-theoretic approach to
Helfrich model is quite useful It is called the phase field (PF) model where the infinitely thin membrane
described by eq(1) is approximated by a finitely thin interface (topological defect) of a scalar field r [3] As
the membrane is described by a filed variable it is easy to combine it with other fields for example a flow field
(Navier-Stokes (NS) equation) or a density distribution of polymer chains (self-consistent field (SCF) theory)
We develop theoretical formulations for polymer chains encapsulated in
a membrane (PF+SCF) and for membranes floating in a flow field
(PF+NS) The former is a model of drag delivery system and the latter is a
model for a blood flow in a blood vessel Figure 1 shows typical
axisymmetric shapes of membranes that contain polymer chains obtained
by PF+SCF technique A shape deformation of membrane induced by the
injected polymer can be observed
[1] UZeifert Adv Phys 46 (1997) 13
[2] TNagasawa and ITakagi Calc Var and PDE 16 (2003) 63
[3] QDu C Liu and X Wang J Comput Phys 198 (2004) 450
a)
b)
Fig1 Two typical axisymmetric
shapes of membranes containing
polymers inside (a) prolate and (b)
oblate shapes
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
54 |
Talk-39
The search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics
from the logical and philosophical point of view
Keita Yokoyama
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
In this research we investigate the certainty of foundations of mathematics including the concepts of infinity
provability axiomatizability normativity determinacy and so on In this talk we will overview the certainty of
infinitesimal analysis by means of the measure of the logical strength as an example
In the 17th century differential and integral calculus was developed using infinitely small or infinitesimal
quantities by G W Leibniz and others However the theory of infinitesimals was completely replaced by the
theory of limits in the 19th century In 1960rsquos A Robinson introduced the theory of non-standard analysis and
justified the theory of infinitesimals in it [1] Non-standard analysis has been investigated by many researchers as a
branch of logic or analysis and it has been applied to the study of analysis number theory and other fields of
mathematics On the other hand the strengths of many theorems of classical analysis are measured by comparing
them with axioms of arithmetic as a program of Reverse Mathematics by H Friedman S Simpson and others [2]
For example the axiom ldquoweak Koenigrsquos lemma (WKL)rdquo is equivalent to the Brouwer fixed point theorem and the
Cauchy integral theorem and the axiom ldquoarithmetical comprehension (ACA)rdquo is equivalent to the AscoliArzela
lemma and the Riemann mapping theorem Then can we measure the certainty of infinitesimal analysis Is
infinitesimal analysis more complex or less certain than classical analysis Our aim is to answer these question
In 1980rsquos H J Keisler gave simple axioms for the theory of infinitesimal analysis So we measure the strengths
of these axioms by comparing them with axioms of arithmetic The axioms of infinitesimal analysis consist of
ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo ldquotransfer principlerdquo and other weak principles named nsBASIC Our main
results of this study are following
1 nsBASIC plus ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo is a conservative extension of the axiom of arithmetic
WKL
2 nsBASIC plus ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo plus ldquotransfer principlerdquo is a conservative extension of
the axiom of arithmetic ACA
It is known that the most part of classical analysis can be developed within WKL or ACA Consequently the theory
of infinitesimal analysis has the same certainty as the theory of classical analysis
References
[1] Stephen G Simpson Subsystems of Second Order Arithmetic Perspectives Springer-Verlag 1999
[2] A Robinson Non-standard Analysis North-Holland revised edition 1974
[3] Keita Yokoyama Formalizing non-standard arguments in second-order arithmetic to appear
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 55
Abstracts of Poster Presentations
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
56 |
Po-1
Coherent control of excited states by multipulse photo excitation
Kenta Abe
Physics D2 Tohoku University
The control of quantum phenomena with modulated laser pulses has already been demonstrated successfully on
a variety of chemical and physical systems For example the temporal structure of the pulse can be periodically
modified to yield a train of pulses If the temporal spacing of the pulse train coincides with the period of a
molecular vibration a wavepacket involving just a selected mode can be excited selectively over other modes We
adopted coherent control method using multipulse excitation to get information about transient vibration of the
excited states in materials
The coherent control measurement was carried out by a setup based on femtosecond absorption spectroscopy
Output of the Tisapphire laser system (800nm 1mJ 150fs 1kHz) was divided into several parts One part was
used to generate the tunable prepump (~100fs) by an infrared optical parametric amplifier (IR-OPA) The prepump
generated the excited state in the materials Another part was used to drive a noncollinear OPA (NOPA) generating
the ultrashort transform-limit (TL) pulse (lt20 fs) for the coherent control A pulse shaper which consists of a spatial
light modulator (SLM) with 800times600 pixels in a 4f arrangement modulated the TL pulse and generated the shaped
pump pulse The rest output generated the broadband tunable probe pulse using another NOPA and a prism pair
pulse compressor Time resolution of the system was about 20fs
Nile Blue was selected as prototype system because of its strong oscillatory features The coherent vibration
induced by the TL or shaped pump pulse was observed Figure 2 shows the Fourier transform (FT) spectra of the
transient vibration with and without the prepump With the prepump the peak frequency of the FT-spectrum is
lower than that without the prepump The multipulse excitation could successfully induce the coherent vibration in
the excited state Furthermore we carried out the coherent control by the shaped pump pulse The periodic pulse
trains can selectively control the coherent vibration in the ground andor excited states
Fig 2 Transient vibration induced by TL pulse Fig 1 Sketch of the multipulse excitation setup
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 57
Po-2
de Haas ndashvan Alphen effect studies in the Antiferro-Quadrupolar
ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3
T Isshiki T Komatsubara HS Suzuki N Kimura H Aoki
Physics D3 Tohoku University
In the past decade it is found that higher order multipoles (quadrupolar octupolar etc) play a key role in some
rare earth and actinide systems Although a great number of studies have been performed the mechanism of the
multipolar ordering has not been clarified yet On the other hand some previous experiments suggest that the
quadrupolar ordering is mediated via the conduction electrons Moreover in some Pr-based compounds which have
nonmagnetic 3 doublet in the crystalline electric field ground state a huge CT value is observed in the specific
heat measurement even at low temperatures These results indicate that quadrupole moments might be strongly
coupled with the conduction electrons but there is no clear evidence so far Therefore it is important to investigate
the role of the conduction electrons in these systems
The de Haas -van Alphen(dHvA) effect is a powerful method to measure the properties of conduction electrons
We study the dHvA effect in the antiferro-quadrupolar(AFQ) ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3 (1) to
investigate whether or not a huge CT at low temperatures and the non-Fermi liquid behavior reported for the
specific heat and electrical resistivity in Pr1-xLaxPb3 come from the interplay between quadrupole moments and the
conduction electrons (2) to investigate how the change of the f electron state such as the one from the
para-quadrupolar state to the AFQ state affects the properties of conduction electrons and (3) to investigate the
quantum criticality of the quadrupolar ordering
We have succeeded in observing the change in the properties of conduction electrons associated with the change
of the f electron state The details are discussed in this presentation
Po-3
Measurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum
in the Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHC
Takumi Ito
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Supersymmetry (SUSY) is the well-motivated candidate of the physics beyond the standard model If
SUSY really exists at the TeV energy scale a large number of SUSY particles are produced at the LHC
experiments A signature of SUSY at the LHC strongly depends on the SUSY mass spectrum Some
SUSY models have a long-lived heavy charged particle and in such case we should completely alter a
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
58 |
strategy to study the SUSY events from one in a widely-studied case with a long-lived heavy neutral
particle
We study the model with a long-lived stau (supersymmetric partner of tau lepton) and demonstrate the
several masses of superpaticles can be measured with a good accuracy [1] We focus on the case in which
the mass differences between the lightest stau and other sleptons are ~ 10 GeV or larger so that the decay
products of heavier sleptons are hard enough to be detected First we determine the masses of neutralinos as
the endpoint of the invariant mass distribution of (tau-jet - stau) since neutralinos mainly decay to the
lightest stau Next with the assist of the knowledge of the neutralino mass the masses of the right-handed
sleptons are determined as the sharp peak in the distribution of the invariant mass of (lepton - tau - stau)
Also squark (almost right-handed) masses can be measured well
In the previous study we left the mass reconstructions of other particles such as gluino charginos left-handed
sleptons and left-handed squarks They are in progress [2]
Reference
[1] Takumi Ito Ryuichiro Kitano and Takeo Moroi ldquoMeasurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum in the
Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHCrdquo arXiv 09105853 [hep-ph]
[2] Takumi Ito Ryuichiro Kitano and Takeo Moroi work in progress
Po-4
In situ NMR imaging of lithium- ion batteries
during chargedischarge cycle
Yoshiki Iwai
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Lithium-ion batteries are quite important power sources for mobile devices such as mobile phones notebook
computers portable audio players etc It is necessary to observe ion motion of liquid electrolyte in lithium-ion
batteries for increasing their safety and understanding mechanisms of the degradations Over the last several
decades many types of in-situ technique (X-ray Raman scattering infrared spectroscopy etc) have been adopted to
investigate the lithium-ion dynamics Moreover visualizing techniques are also starting to be employed for material
science over the biological and medical field X-ray and neutron tomography can see through the batteries however
these two techniques have disadvantages for lithium-ion batteries X-ray has low sensitivity for organic electrolyte
because the sensitivity of X-ray is proportional to weight of atoms Neutron beam has high sensitivity for proton
(1H) and lithium (
6Li and
7Li) however big facilities are need for the experiments Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Imaging (NMR imaging ) is also nondestructive imaging technique which can satisfy these two demands high
sensitivity of light atoms such as proton (or lithium) and small instrument compared with Neutron facilities The
aim of this work is to observe liquid electrolyte in the lithium-ion battery by NMR imaging technique to understand
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 59
ionic motion and behavior of its degradation as a function of electrochemical cycling As a start of this work I
report lithium (7Li) and proton (
1H) imaging data of special designed lithium-ion battery which is composed of
lithium-metal (negative electrode) and LiCoO2 (positive electrode) filled with liquid electrolyte LiClO4PC
Po-5
Crack propagation in largely deformed rubber sheet
Daiki Endo
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
60 |
Po-6
Optical response of photonic crystal with multi-layered structure
Rihei Endo
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Recently there has been rapid progress in the performance of nano scale artificial structure It is known that
the photonic crystals take an important role in developing next-generation devices Photonic crystals have a
photonic band structure with a gap energy that excludes light with a certain frequency which is the same
analogy as the energy band structure in the crystal of the solid We can control light freely by operating these
structures artificially and it is possible to create new type devices with new features
So far we had investigated one-electron properties of one-dimensional self-similar structures (SSS) SSS are
classified into the third group of systems in addition to periodic systems and random systems Electronic states
of SSS exhibits rich properties For example the presence of energy spectra and wave functions which have
multifractal characters is peculiar to such systems And almost all eigenstates for electrons are critical states
whose nature locate between extended states and localised states
Applying the concept of SSS to photonic crystals we aim at a development of a new type of optical device
We confine our discussion in 1D photonic crystals which consist of two different dielectric material layers A
and B in a SSS We assume the materials of A and B layers to be non-absorbing isotropic and uniform
dielectric matirials with reflective indices na and nb respectively (see fig1) To set up 1D self-similar
photonic crystal we apply the substitution rule to determine the order of two kinds of layer as shown in fig2 In
this poster We have investigated the time-dependent optical response of S-polarized wave and P-polarized
wave (see fig3) on this SSS by using transfer matrix method [1]
[1] J Phys A Math Gen 37 (2004) L1-L6 Rihei Endou Komajiro Niizeki Nobuhisa Fujita
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 61
Po-7
Pseudo-spin Kondo effect in a capacitively-coupled parallel double
quantum dot
Yuma OKAZAKI
Physics D1 Tohoku University
A low-dimensional nano-structure fabricated by semiconductor fine processing technology offers the ideal
playground for studying quantum and correlative nature of electrons Especially electronic states can be controlled
at a single electron level in a zero-dimensionally confined system known as a quantum dot (QD) The Kondo effect
is an electron correlation phenomenon resulting from a dynamical spin singlet formation between a localized spin
at the QD and its surrounding conduction electrons via an effective exchange interaction The Kondo effect has
been well investigated in bulk materials containing dilute magnetic impurities However more tunable approach for
the Kondo physics is possible with the helps of QDrsquos parameter-controllability
In this poster we show transport measurements in a double QD system with inter-dot capacitive coupling In
such a device charge degrees of freedom can be regarded as a pseudo-spin and play the equivalent role to the
electron spin in the Kondo physics Although the pseudo-spin Kondo effect has been already discussed in some
reported articles more quantitative and conclusive experimental results are lacking Two fingerprints for the
pseudo-spin Kondo singlet were experimentally observed in our fabricated device(Fig a b) The first one is Kondo
zero bias anomaly which originates from a many-body resonance level pinned at the Fermi surface due to the
Kondo singlet formation(Fig c) The second one is Kondo scaling which describes universal temperature
dependence scaled by the Kondo temperature A good fit was obtained between the observed temperature
dependence and a theoretical curve by numerical renormalization group theory(Fig d) Moreover a contribution
from the pseudo-spin was discussed via measurements in a finite in-plane magnetic field In conclusion a
formation of the pseudo-spin Kondo singlet was determined
Fig (a)Scanning electron microscope image of the device Electrons are confined into regions illustrated by circles (b)The charge stability diagram showing charge configurations in the two QDs VL(VR) is bias voltages applied to the gate L(R) labeled in Fig (a) The arrows depict charge and spin states (c)Kondo zero bias anomaly and (d)Kondo scaling were measured at the center of the two-headed arrow in Fig (b)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
62 |
Po-8
Spin and charge dynamics in a photo-excited double exchange system
Yu Kanamori
D2 Department of Physics Tohoku University
Hiroaki Matsueda1 and Sumio Ishihara
2
1Sendai National College of Technology
2Department of Physics Tohoku University
A variety of electronic phases in correlated electron systems is attributed to strong interplay between multi-degrees of
freedom of electrons such as charge spin and orbital Gigantic changes in electronic state are caused by weak perturbation in a
vicinity of phase boundary Perovskite manganite is one of the typical correlated electron materials with multi-degrees of
freedom Recently ultrafast photo-induced phenomena by applying femtosecond laser pulse have been measured in the
charge-ordered (CO) insulator associated with the antiferromagnetic (AF) order [1] Transient optical reflectivity and
magnet-optic Kerr rotation suggest strong coupling between the charge and spin degrees of freedom in the photo-induced states
Nonlinear increase of reflectivity change for photo-excitation density has been also reported
We study photo-induced charge and spin dynamics in perovskite manganite We adopt the extended double-exchange model
in one-dimension where the on-site and nearest-neighbor Coulomb repulsions between the eg electrons and the
nearest-neighbor AF exchange coupling between the t2g localized spins are taken into account By using the exact
diagonalization method and density-matrix renormalization-group method several transient spectra and static correlation
functions are obtained
It is shown that just after the photo-irradiation CO is melted and the band width of photo-carriers gradually increases with
increasing time The time dependence of the photo-carrier band and that of the in-gap component of the optical conductivity are
correlated with that in the spin correlation indicating strong coupling between charge and spin sectors This time scale is
governed by the electron transfer integral We also examine the photon intensity dependence of the spin and charge dynamics It
is found that pump photon intensity where the energy gain in the spin sector is saturated is smaller than that where the charge
energy is saturated This result implies that the spin and charge sectors are decoupled in the view point of the pump
photon-intensity
This work is supported by the global COE program of MEXT Japan
References
[1] K Miyasaka et al Phys Rev B 74 012401 (2006)
[2] H Matsueda and S Ishihara J Phys Soc Jpn 76 083703 (2007)
[3] Y Kanamori H Matsueda and S Ishihara Phys Rev Lett 103 267401 (2009)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 63
Po-9
Observation of 8B Solar Neutrinos with KamLAND
Yoshiaki Kibe (D3)
Department of Physics Research Center for Neutrino Science Tohoku University
The Kamioka Liquid Scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector that is KamLAND experiment is located at the site of the
former Kamiokande experiment in Gifu Prefecture Japan KamLAND uses 1 metric kton of liquid scintillator
contained in a 65m radius 135μm thick NylonEVOH balloon
Measurements of solar neutrinos and reactor anti-neutrinos have established neutrino oscillation and the Large
Mixing Angle (LMA) solution with matter effects described by Mikheyev Smirnov and Wolfenstein (MSW) as the
correct description of neutrino propagation from the Sun The 8B decay creates the continuous energy spectrum and
dominates the high-energy solar neutrino flux This has been measured previously using neutrino-electron
scattering with water Cherenkov detectors like Kamiokande Super-Kamiokande and SNO and the liquid
scintillator detector like Borexino The water Cherenkov detectors are able to reconstruct the direction of the
incoming neutrino and typically have thresholds of around 5 MeV Liquid scintillator detectors have much better
energy solution and the possibility of lower energy thresholds but no directional information The detection method
exploits the neutrino-electron elastic scattering reaction in the solar neutrino detection at KamLAND
The newly developed purification system rejects the radioactive backgrounds It allows us to explore lower
threshold of 35 MeV where is the unexplored energy region for 8B solar neutrino detection This work shows the
first measurement of 8B solar neutrino flux in KamLAND with 35 and 55 MeV thresholds
Po-10
z ~3 LYMAN BREAK GALAXY CLUSTER SURVEY IN SSA22
WITH VIMOS
Katsuki Kousai
Physics D2 Tohoku University
We report our redshift survey of z~3 Lyman break galaxies ( LBGs ) We observed LBGs spectra in SSA22
( 221734 +001504 ) 912 arcsec2 field to identify those spectral redshift and to study three dimensional
distribution of LBGs We have obtained spectral redshifts of 94 LBGs and found spike at z=31 33 and 37 in the
redshift distribution
SSA22 is a field in which Steidel et al discovered high density region of LBGs at z=309 ( Steidel et al 1998 )
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
64 |
They determined spectral redshifts of 99 LBGs at z~3 in 162 arcsec2 field They found a critical spike at z=309 in
their redshift distribution of LBGs
We have detected a lot of Lyman alpha emitters ( LAEs ) at z=309 in 912 arcsec2 field which contains the high
density region discovered by Steidel et al in our narrowband filter (NB497 band pass centered at 4977 Å
bandwidth of FWHM 77Å ) survey for LAEs with Subaru Prime Focus Camera to find a large scale structure of
LAEs ( Hayashino et al 2004 )
We also carried out LBG redshift survey in our LAE survey area We observed z~3 LBG candidates in the field
with ESO-VLT VIsible MultiObject Spectrograph ( VIMOS ) in 2006 and 2008 We identify spectral redshifts of 94
LBGs with Lyman alpha emission line ( 1216Åin rest-flame ) or metal absorption line ( Si II O I C II ( 1216Å
1303Å 1334Å in rest-flame ) etc )
We drew redshift distribution of those LBGs In our redshift distribution we found spike not only at z=31 that was
discovered by Steidel but also z=33 and 37 We also study spatial distribution of LBGs that is included those spikes It seems
that LBGs in each spikes are clustered in sky distribution of those LBGs
In our poster we report on the redshift distribution of 94 LBGs at z~3 the property of those density peaks that is found in
the redshift distribution and the spatial distribution of LBGs
Po-11
EELS and SXES studies of electronic structures of Al-TM alloys
Shogo Koshiya
Physics D1 Tohoku University
After the discovery of an icosahedral symmetry material (quasicrystals) in a melt-quenched Al6Mn alloy [1]
great effort has been spent for understanding the presence of quasiperiodic structured materials In recent years
Hume-Rothery mechanism which predicts an existence of a pseudogap around Fermi level (EF) is accepted as a
major reason for the stabilization of quasicrystals The presences of pseudogap structures in quasicrystals were
experimentally confirmed by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and EELS EELS experiments also pointed out
characteristic chemical shifts in Al L-shell excitation spectra of Al-based quasicrystals [2] which suggested a
decrease of valence electron charge at Al sites Recently a covalent bonding nature in quasicrystals was reported by
MEMRietveld analysis of 10-Al12Re and 11-Al73Re27Si10 [3] Thus it is interesting to investigate the relation
between chemical shift and bonding nature of quasicrystals On the other hand the systematic measurements of
electronic structures of the normal Al-transition metal (Al-TM) alloys help the understanding of the bonding
nature of the Al-based quasicrystal
In this study the chemical shift which is sensitive to the amount of valence electron of amorphous (Am)
quasicrystalline (QC) and crystalline (Cryst) phases of Al53Si27Mn20 alloys were investigated by a high
energy-resolution EELS transmission electron-microscope (TEM) [4] and a soft-X-ray emission spectroscopy
(SXES) instrument attached to a TEM [5]
From EELS measurements of Al L-edge (2p rarr CV) of the phases it was clearly shown that only the QC phase
showed an apparent shift to the larger binding energy side by 04 eV compared with that of Al single crystal This
result should be due to a large binding energy of Al L-shell of QC phase than that of pure Al (chemical shift) From
SXES measurements of Al K -emission (2p rarr 1s) of the phases it was revealed for the first time that the spectrum
of QC phase clearly showed a shift to the larger energy side of about 4 eV These results clearly indicate that the chemical shift is characteristic for QC phase Si K -emission spectrum of QC phase also showed a clear shift of
about 6 eV On the other hand there was not an apparent chemical shift for Mn L -emission (3d rarr 2p) Those
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 65
EELS and SXES results suggest that the amounts of valence electron of Al and Si atomic sites of Al53Si27Mn20
alloys are decreased only in the QC phase However Mn site does not change its valence electron charge
apparently in Am QC and Crystal phases It can be due to a localization of valence electrons of Mn atom
Chemical shifts of all constituent atoms for Am QC and Cryst phases of Al53Si27Mn20 alloys were examined first
time by EELS and SXES These results clearly presented that a chemical shift is characteristic for QC phase It
should be also noted that only Al and Si atoms of Al53Si27Mn20 change those valence electron states in QC phase
Experimental results of EELS and SXES on 10-Al12Re and 11-Al73Re17Si10 approximant crystals and Al-TM
alloys will be also presented
References
[1] D Schechtman et al Phys Rev Lett 53 1951 (1984)
[2] M Terauchi et al Phil Mag 87 2947 (2007)
[3] K Kirihara et al Phys Rev B 64 212201 (2001)
[4] M Tanaka et al Microsc Microanal 8 (Suppl 2) 68 (2002)
[5] M Terauchi et al Microsc Microanal 13 (Suppl 2) 166 (2007)
Po-12
Comparison of membrane physical property changes between DMPC
membrane and DMPE membrane induced by melittin
Atsuji Kodama
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Melittin an amphipathic peptide composed of 26 amino acid residues from honeybee venom is
widely used as a model of membrane protein in the study of lipid-protein interaction in
biomembranes In this study interaction of melittin with DMPC membranes and DMPE membranes
were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and fluorescent spectrometry with an
environment sensitive fluorescent dye Laurdan and tryptophan (Trp) residue in melittin In DSC
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
66 |
study the main phase transition peak of DMPC became broader gradually with increasing of
melittin On the other hand such a transition peak behavior was not observed in DMPE
thermograms In the fluorescent study with Laurdan Generalized Polarization (GP) was calculated
from I440 and I490 of Laurdan emission spectra Around phase transition temperature GP value for
DMPE changed drastically in the presence of melittin compared with in the absence of melittin It
indicated that melittin disturbed infiltration of water molecules into the lipid glycerol backbone
regions Contrary to DMPE temperature region of GP value change for DMPC became broader with
increasing of melittin It related to the reduction of transition cooperativity In the tryptophan
fluorescent study λmax was shorter than the system without lipids through the all temperature
regions at all mole fractions of melittin in DMPC systems In DMPEMelittin systems λmax was
longer than DMPCMelittin systems The results showed that melittin was in the hydrophobic
environment in DMPCMelittin systems On the other hand melittin was in hydrophilic
environment in DMPEMelittin systems These results indicated that melittin located in DMPC
membrane and on DMPE membrane surface From the GP value the glycerol backbone regions of DMPE
membranes have higher packing compared with DMPC one It indicated that the higher packing of DMPE
possibly disturbed penetration of melittin
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 67
Po-13
Resonant x-ray scattering experiment on Pr(Ru1-xRhx)4P12
Kotaro Saito
Dept of Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
68 |
Po-14
Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Anti-neutrinos travel from the Earthrsquos interior due to beta decays of mainly three isotopes 238
U 232
Th and 40
K
The study of geo-neutrinos was performed using 207659-day data taken with KamLAND which is the
anti-neutrino detector contained 1000 tons of liquid scintillator (LS) The data includes 58603-day data since the
LS purification was started
The LS purification is distillation and N2 purge for LS and was performed to reduce low energy backgrounds
such as 85
Kr 210
Bi and 210
Po These isotopes were reduced by ~ 185000 ~ 12100 and ~ 116 respectively While
the LS purification reduced backgrounds it caused the decrease of light yield by ~ 20 and following the deviation
of the position and time dependence Energy and its deviation are corrected using calibration and spallation data
before the geo-neutrino analysis
Anti-neutrinos are extracted from data using the likelihood selection based on the probability density function of
anti-neutrinos and accidental backgrounds depending on those rate to use low energy region and outer volume with
many accidental backgrounds The number of anti-neutrino candidates is 2043 events
The main backgrounds for geo-neutrinos are reactor neutrinos and 13
C(alpha n)16
O reaction The latter is reduced
by ~ 116 after the LS purification due to the reduction of the main alpha source 210
Po The number of total
backgrounds is estimated to be 20158 events
The expected number of geo-neutrinos is calculated using the reference Earth model based on
seismology petrology and the BSE model It is 976 events The Rate + Shape + Time analysis was
performed using these results The best-fit of geo-neutrinos is 860plusmn279 267 (32 accuracy) and does
not conflict with the expectation Zero geo-neutrinos are excluded at 34σ(9993) From the
estimated geo-neutrino flux and the model the upper limits of radiogenic heat from U and Th and
their mass in the mantle are 30 TW and 59x1017 kg at 90 CL This result excludes the
fully-radiogenic models of 37 TW and 44 TW at 976 and 996 CL respectively
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 69
Po-15
Pressure dependence of B-T phase diagram in
heavy-fermion superconductor CeRhSi3
Tetsuya Sugawara(D2) Noriaki Kimura(Assis Prof) and Haruyoshi Aoki(Prof)
Department of Physics Tohoku University
CeRhSi3 is a noncentrosymmetric heavy-fermion pressure-induced superconductor discovered in 2005 by N
Kimura et al [1] Its crystal structure lacks an inversion center which is characteristic of this compound as shown
in the inset of Fig 1 The superconductivity emerges above 02GPa although the antiferromagnetic order persists
up to 24GPa Therefore CeRhSi3 can provide two fascinating aspects of the superconductivity namely
noncentrosymmetric and heavy-fermion superconductivity
We reported the temperature dependence of the upper-critical-field Bc2(T) along the tetragonal c-axis of CeRhSi3
and the existence of a bend on the Bc2(T)-curve at the last forum To elucidate the nature of the bend we have
performed the precise measurement of the electrical resistivity at several pressures Figure 2 shows the resultant
Bc2(T)-curves of CeRhSi3 We found the bend appears at 24GPa at which the antiferromagnetic ordering
disappers at zero field This fact suggests that the bend is associated with the magnetism
At the forum we will also report the pressure dependence of other superconducting parameters and discuss the
nature of the bend
Reference
[1]N Kimura et al Phys Rev Lett 95 (2005) 247004
Fig 1 Crystal structure and T-P phase diagram
of CeRhSi3
Fig 2 Pressure dependence of the Bc2(T)-curve
of CeRhSi3
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
70 |
Po-16
Neutral meson photoproduction with electromagnetic calorimeter
complex FOREST
Koutaku Suzuki
Physics D3 Tohoku University
We have been studying hadron properties via the π0 and η photoproduction reactions at Research Center for
Electron Photon Science Tohoku University Recently we observed a narrow baryon resonance at Eγ ~ 1020
MeV in the γ d rarr η n p reaction The resonance seems to show up in the γ n rarr η n reaction since no signal has
been observed so far in the γ p rarr η p reaction at the same energy region
To investigate the resonance in more detail we developed a large solid angle electro-magnetic calorimeter
system FOREST It consists of three types of electromagnetic calorimeters and three plastic scintillator hodoscopes
One calorimeter located in a forward angular region is made up with 192 pure CsI crystals the second one covering
the polar angle from 30degto 100degcomprises 252 lead scintillating fiber blocks and the remaining calorimeter are
built with 36 lead glass Cherenkov counters The energy resolutions of pure CsI crystals lead scintillating fiber
blocks and lead glass Cherenkov counters are 21 72 and 49 respectively for 10 GeV electrons The
plastic scintillator hodoscopes are placed in front of these calorimeters to distinguish a particle being charged or
neutral FOREST covers the solid angle of about 90 in total
Experiments for π0 and η photoproduction reactions have been performed with FOREST The current status and
analysis of the experiments will be introduced
Po-17
Micro-photoluminescence around spin phase transition of ν=23
fractional quantum Hall regime
J HayakawaAK Muraki
BG YusaA
ADepartment of Physics Tohoku University
BNTT Basic Research Laboratories NTT Corporation
We have been interested in Landau level filling factor ν=23 fractional quantum Hall(FQH) regime because of
their interesting feature The spin degrees of freedom of electrons play an important role in this system That is
because the competition between Coulomb energy and Zeeman energy defines the ground state There are two
possible ground states unpolarized and fully polarized states A spin phase transition between these two states
occurs therefore domain formation with two polarizations is expected at certain magnetic field and carrier density
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 71
But actual size and shape of domains have not observed Moreover the dynamics of domains related to electric
current or nuclear spin polarization has been unveiled yet In contrast with standard transport measurement optical
measurement can reveal local configurations of electron spin Therefore we aim for direct observation of spin
domains at ν=23 by optical techniques
In our previous work we have measured circularly polarized photoluminescence from semiconductor quantum
well in the FQH regime at ν=23 We have found the peak intensity of singlet charged exciton tends to increase up
to transition point and it tends to decrease beyond this point by decreasing electron density On the other hand the
peak intensity of triplet charged exciton tends to monotonically increase by decreasing electron density Thus the
peak intensity of charged excitons can be used as a probe to detect local spin polarization
In order to acquire the image of spin domains we developed a scanning optical microscope in a dilution
refrigerator We illuminate samples with a laser through a square core multimode fiber to obtain a uniform electron
density over the sample Photoluminescence is collected by two polarization-maintaining fibers through circular
polarizer consisted of a quarter waveplate and a polarization beam splitter In this arrangement the core of the fiber
functions as a pinhole The sample is scanned by piezo-stage This experimental set-up will enable us to directly
observe the spin domains with micron order spatial resolution
Po-18
Ionic conductivity of Trehalose-Water-Lithium iodide mixture in glass
and supercooled liquid state
Reiji Takekawa
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Compound in the glassy state a certain kind of systems have ionic conductivity and the other donrsquot have ionic
conductivity in glassy ionic compound The former is decouple to glass framework and ion and latter is couple
That is beneficial to studying characteristic of glass transition in both system for principle and search higher
conductivity electrolyte Usually ldquocouplingrdquo sample and ldquodecouplingrdquo sample is another composed system Thus
that shouldnrsquot be studied details how to change between coupling glass to decoupling glass In this work search
systems which change coupling glass to decoupling glass with the different molar ration
In the previous study LiI-6H2O is good glass former and glass transition temperature Tg is -130 Glass
framework is hydrogen band network and lithium ion that coupled strongly To change decouple system I add
disaccharide Trehalose In general sugar group can make good stable glass Stabling glassy state and upper Tg
super cooled liquid state is important to some measuring in this case Thus I measured three component
trehalose-H2O-LiI systems In this system there is wide glass transition compound region
Result of Tg measurement by DSC Tg become higher increase with trehalose ratio Tg is 20 which ratio is
58 328 614 (trehalose-H2O-LiI molar ratio) I Compare conductivity at the glass transition temperature that
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
72 |
with LiI-6H2O (143 857) samples former is 5 order higher than latter The large increase suggest mobility
increase and changing coupling to decoupling system Consequently trehalose-H2O-LiI system is suitable to study
detail of coupling glass and decoupling glass
Po-19
Progress of the new DAQ system for wide-band solar neutrino
observation with KamLAND
Takemoto Yasuhiro
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Precise measurement of fluxes of solar neutrinos could examine validity of Standard Solar Model With
KamLAND previous efforts on solar neutrino observation focused on individual kind of those eg 8B
7Be
neutrinos Observation of those neutrinos was enabled by ultra-pure liquid scintillator which was even more
purified in these several years
However there still exist two major sources of backgrounds which are difficult to remove with current
electronics One source is a long-lived isotope eg 11
C 10
C which is produced in cosmic muon induced spallation
A huge muon is followed by high-rate events (up to several hundred events within one millisecond) including
neutrons which are byproducts of spallation isotopes Since decay of a spallation isotope comes too late to be told
as it detection of the neutrons which have space correlation with the isotope is necessary for identifying the
isotope and to extract neutrino signals from backgrounds Dead time of current DAQ electronics makes it difficult
to detect all of these neutrons which prevents us from salvaging neutrino events The other source of backgrounds
is residual radioactive impurity A part of decays of 85
Kr one of radioactive impurities is observed as two signals
but the first signal is too small to be triggered
My colleagues and I have been developed new electronics which consist of DAQ electronics which are free
from dead time within such event rate and intelligent trigger electronics which utilize the huge buffers inside the
DAQ electronics
At the present moment production assessment and installation of the electronics have accomplished And I
report here recent progress including installation in-situ tuning of on-board signal processing logic and of DAQ
software and future prospects of this project
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 73
Po-20
Double Chooz PMT preparation
TABATA Hiroshi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Double Chooz experiment is a reactor neutrino experiment searching for last undefined neutrino mixing angle
θ13
The most stringent constraint on the third mixing angle comes from the CHOOZ reactor neutrino experiment as
sin2(2θ13)lt02 Double Chooz will explore the range of sin
2(2θ13) with a sensitivity down to 003-002 within three
years of data taking The improvement of the CHOOZ result requires an increase in the statistics a reduction of the
systematic error below one percent and a careful control of the backgrounds Therefore Double Chooz will use
two identical detectors one at 400 m (near detector ) and another at 105 km from the Chooz nuclear cores
The plan is to start operation in middle of 2010 with the far detector
Main responsibility of Japanese group is photomultiplier tube (PMT) system Double Chooz uses 390 PMTs for
each detector We developed and purchased PMTs After some testing we finished 390 PMTs installation of far
detector in December 2009 This poster shows a state of PMT preparation
Po-21
Effects of lanthanoid ion on phosphate head groups in DMPC
membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures
Kouya Tamatsukuri1 (D3) Tetsuhiko Ohba
1 Gen Sazaki
2 Kazuo Ohki
1
1Department of Physics Tohoku University Sendai Japan
2Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Sendai Japan
Based on many solid-state NMR studies it is generally supposed that phospholipids become orientated in an
applied static magnetic field due to the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility which arises mainly from their
fatty acyl chains For phospholipids is generally negative and its exact value depends on the molecular structure
so lipids tend to orient perpendicular to the field 12-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and
12-dihexanoyl-sn-glycero-3- phosphatidylcholine (DHPC) mixtures are generally assumed to consist of disklike
micelles often called bicelles which align in magnetic fields with the bilayer normal perpendicular to the fields
direction due to negative of lipids However in addition of some trivalent lanthanoid ions such as Eu3+
Er3+
Yb3+
and Tm3+
which have a positive magnetic anisotropy it was reported to orient bicelles such that their normal
is parallel to the fields by NMR measurements On the other hands it was reported that cations including
lanthanoid ions induce the conformation change of the polar head group of lipids too So we investigated the
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
74 |
effects of lanthanoids ion Eu3+
on phosphate head groups of DMPC membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures in the
absence of magnetic fields by fluorescence spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry and compared with
the results of NMR measurements
Po-22
Status of double beta decay experiment with KamLAND
Azusa Terashima
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Neutrinoless double beta decay predicted by Furry in 1938 and described by the process A(Z) -gt A(Z+2) + 2e- is
extremely rare process yet observed in nature This remarkable decay that violates the lepton number conservation
demands two characteristic neutrino properties One is that neutrinos have non-zero mass and another one is they
are Majorana particles
Although rare decay rate (half-life gt 1020
yr) make experiment difficult which requires very low background and
large volume this decay is very interested in since it will tell us the nature of neutrinos (DiracMajorana) its
effective mass via its half-life and neutrino mass hierarchy
The Kamioka Liquid scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector (KamLAND) is low energy neutrino detector with 1000
ton s of highly purified liquid scintillator (LS) located on the former Kamiokande experiment site in Japan at a
depth of ~2700 m water equivalent
Utilizing KamLAND clean environment and its large volume of liquid scintillator we will search the
neutrinoless double beta decay with 90 enriched 400kg of 136
Xe nuclei at 1st phase started in 2011
With a little improvement of the detector and Xe loaded into the liquid scintillator KamLAND aims to understand
the nature of neutrinos The status and development of this experiment will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 75
Po-23
Simulations on Dynamics of Wormlike Micellar System
Using Particle-Field Hybrid Models
Masatoshi Toda
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Surfactant molecules eg cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) self-assemble reversibly into long and
flexible micelles in the presence of certain salts eg sodium salicylate (NaSal) [1] Such micelles are generally
called ldquowormlike micellesrdquo or ldquoliving polymersrdquo and known to show pronounced viscoelastic properties due to the
relaxation of intermicellar entanglements For example in the linear viscoelastic regime they can show the
exponential relaxation characterized by the single relaxation time [2] This behavior is very different from that of
entangled polymeric systems which have a broad spectrum of the entanglement relaxation modes In a steady shear
flow (nonlinear regime) they can also show shear-induced phase separations called ldquoshear bandingrdquo [3] The
detailed molecular origins of these interesting rheological properties have not yet been understood
In order to investigate rheological properties of wormlike micellar systems we propose particle-field hybrid
models which treat wormlike micellar chains as discrete particles and a solvent part as a continuous field The
method will enable us to simulate large-scale systems more efficiently than conventional particle-based methods
eg Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) [4]
We will report details of our models and several results by computer simulations on the models
References
[1] I W Hamley Introduction to Soft Matter (Wiley 2007)
[2] T Shikata H Hirata T Kotaka Langmuir 3 1081 (1987) 4 354 (1988) 5 398 (1989)
[3] M E Cates S M Fielding Adv Phys 55 799 (2006)
[4] P J Hoogerbrugge J M V A Koelman Europhys Lett 19 155 (1992)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
76 |
Po-24
Magneto-dielectric phenomena in charge ordered system
with frustrated geometrical lattice
Makoto Naka (D2) Sumio Ishihara
Physics Tohoku University
Electronic ferroelectricity is known as phenomenon where electric polarization is attributed to the charge order
without inversion symmetry This is seen in some transition metal oxides eg RFe2O4 (R is a rare earth ion) and
charge-transfer organic salts In LuFe2O4 magneto-dielectric phenomena such as increasing of electric polarization
around magnetic ordering temperature observed and are investigated experimentally and theoretically [1] Quasi
2- -(ET)2Cu2(CN)3 -ET salts of which two ET molecules construct a
dimerized pair and are located on a triangular lattice These compounds are known as a so-called dimer-Mott
insulator because one hole exists in each dimer Because of nearly isotropic triangular lattice and the geometrical
frustration novel spin liquid state is expected to appear Recently it is reported that the increase of dielectric
constant is experimentally observed below 60K This indicates the presence of ferro (or anti-ferro) electric
transition The electric polarization is thought to be generated by a localized hole in one side of ET molecules in
dimers [2]
We present a theory of magneto-dielectric phenomena in electronic ferroelectricity in RFe2O4 -ET salt
-ET salts we treat an electric dipole as a pseudo spin and derive the effective model
Hamiltonian where the inter-dimer transfer integrals and the Coulomb interactions are introduced in a triangular
lattice We analyze this model by utilizing the mean-field approximation and the classical Monte-Carlo simulation
We found that the magnetodielectric phenomena originate from spin-charge coupling and geometrical frustration
We also suggest that charge degree of freedom controls the magnetic ordered and disordered states
References
[1] M Naka A Nagano and S Ishihara Phys Rev B 77 224441 (2008)
[2] T Sasaki et al (unpublished)
[3] M Naka and S Ishihara (in preparation)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 77
Po-25
Pi-mesonic decays of Λ hypernuclei
Yoji Nakagawa
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
78 |
Po-26
Axionic Mirage Mediation
Shuntaro Nakamura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Although the mirage mediation is one of the most plausible mediation mechanisms of supersymmetry
breaking it suffers from two crucial problems One is the muB mu-problem and the second is the cosmological
one The former stems from the fact that the B parameter tends to be comparable with the gravitino mass which is
two order of magnitude larger than the other soft masses The latter problem is caused by the decay of the modulus
whose branching ratio into the gravitino pair is sizable In this talk we propose a model of mirage mediation in
which Peccei-Quinn symmetry is incorporated
In this axionic mirage mediation it is shown that the Peccei-Quinn symmetry breaking scale is dynamically
determined around 10^10 GeV to 10^12 GeV due to the supersymmetry breaking effects and the
mu-problem can be solved naturally Furthermore in our model the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) is the
axino that is the superpartner of the axion The overabundance of the LSPs due to decays of modulusgravitino
which is the most serious cosmological difficulty in the mirage mediation can be avoided if the axino is
sufficiently light The next-LSPs (NLSPs) produced by the gravitino eventually decay into the axino LSPs yielding
the dominant component of the axinos remaining today It is shown that the axino with the mass of O(100) MeV is
naturally realized which can constitute the dark matter of the Universe with the free-streaming length of the order
of 01 Mpc The saxion the real scalar component of the axion supermultiplet can also be cosmologically harmless
due to the dilution of the modulus decay The lifetime of NLSP is relatively long but much shorter than 1 sec
when the big-bang nucleosynthesis commences The decay of NLSP would provide intriguing collider signatures
Po-27
The Study of the Origin of Lyman alpha Emitters
with Large Equivalent Widths
Yuki Nakamura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Through the last decade searches for high-redshift Lyman alpha emitters (LAE) by narrow-band imaging have
been conducted extensively In these surveys the LAEs with very large equivalent width (EW) are studied with
much interest (egMalhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Fujita et al 2003 Hu et al 2004 Dawson et al 2004 Saito et al
2006 Shimasaku et al 2006 Gronwall et al 2007 Ouchi et al 2008 Nilsson et al 2009) as they may be related
with extremely young or metal-poor stars or any other signatures of he very early phase of galaxy formation
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 79
(Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Schaerer 2003) Among the LAEs identified by spectroscopic observation 10-40 have
the large rest-frame equivalent width EW0≦240Å at z=31 (Ouchi et al 2008)
What are the origins of these large EW objects More than a few ideas have been discussed such as
photoionization by extremely hot stars cooling radiation from gravitationally heated gas in the collapsed halos
(Steidel et al 2000 Haiman et al 2000 Fardal et al 2001 Yang et al 2006) or shock heating by starburst-driven
galactic wind (Taniguchi amp Shioya 2000 Taniguchi et al 2001 Ohyama et al 2003 Wilman et al 2005) The
effects of HI scattering and dust absorption should also be considered properly in the models
For the case of photoionization by massive stars it is difficult to reproduce Lyman alpha emission larger than
EW0≦240Å by the simple models with constant continuous star-formation rate at the equilibrium phase when the
numbers of ionizing photons become constantly (Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002) Models with top heavy initial mass
function or very metal-poor stars can reproduce EW larger than ~300Å if the age of star formation is younger than
a fewtimes106 yr With the solar metallicity models with Salpeter IMF are difficult to reproduce such large EW even
much younger age less than 1 Myr (Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Scaerar 2003) In the most extreme case very high
EW objects (gt500Å) are hard to explain without primordial stars with the metallicity less than 10-5
(eg Malhotra
amp Rhoads 2002 Dijkstra amp Wyithe 2007) It would be even possible to detect signatures of population III (POPIII)
metal-free stars among the extremely large EW LAEs
We present the properties of large EW Lyman-alpha emitters in the high-density region at z=31 in and around
the SSA22 fields (Steidel et al 1998 1999 2000 Hayashino et al 2004 Matsuda et al 2004) We have expanded
the previous narrow-band survey using Sprime-Cam equipped with 82m Subaru Telescope to cover in total of
~14deg2 area (Yamada et al in prep) More than 1400 LAEs down to L~167times10
42 erg s
-1 were detected We focus
on the equivalent width distributions of these LAEs to characterize the high density region of LAEs where galaxy
formation seems to occur preferentially at the epoch
Po-28
Ultrafast broadband THz response of photo-induced metallic state
in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF )2I3
H Nakaya1 Y Takahashi
1 S Iwai
12 K Yamamoto
3 K Yakushi
3 and S Saito
4
1 Department of Physics Tohoku University Sendai 980-8578 Japan
2 JST-CREST Sendai 980-8578 Japan
3 Institute for Molecular Science Okazaki 444-8585 Japan
4 Institute of Information and Communications Technology Kobe 651-2492 Japan
Photo-induced insulator to metal transition in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF)2I3
(BEDT-TTF[bis(ethylenedithio)]tetrathiafulvalene) has been investigated using mid-IR pump-probe [1-3] and
near-IR pump-terahertz(THz) probe spectroscopy [4] However the measurement range of THz spectroscopy was
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
80 |
very narrow (2-11 meV) In this study spectral range was extended to 2-36 meV (05-9 THz)
Figure 1 shows that transient absorption (OD) spectra observed for excitation intensity (089 eV 001 mJcm2)
at 124 K OD spectrum at 08 ps has a broad absorption increase exhibiting generation of the metallic state
Moreover marked change of the phonon structure at 16 meV (arrow) was detected immediately after excitation We
will discuss the low energy carrier and lattice dynamics based on the time evolution of the broad THz spectrum
[1] Iwai et al Phys Rev Lett 98 097402 (2007)
[2] Iwai et al Phys Rev B 77 125131 (2008)
[3] Yamamoto et al J Phys Soc Jpn 77 074709(2008)
[4] Nakaya et alUltrafast Phenomena XVI 173 (2008)
Po-29
Ring-Exchange interaction in Orbital Degenerate System
J Nasu (D2) S Ishihara
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Orbital degree of freedom is one of the recent attractive themes in transition-metal oxides In contrast to the spin
degree of freedom the inter-site interaction between the orbitals is anisotropic in the real space As a result a kind
of frustration termed orbital frustration is brought about A doubly degenerate eg orbital are represented by the
pseudo-spin (PS) operator T and the orbital interaction is described by the nearest neighbor (NN) exchange
interaction between PSs Due to the orbital frustration there is a macroscopic number of degeneracy in the classical
ground state This degeneracy is lifted by the thermal and quantum fluctuations This is known to be the so-called
ldquoorder by fluctuationrdquo mechanism However the NN interaction based on the perturbation with respect to the
electron transfer is not sufficient in the system which is close to the metal-insulator transition
In this study we examine the ring-exchange interaction in the orbital degenerate system with strong electron
correlation First we derive the effective Hamiltonian from the two-orbital Hubbard model by the perturbational
processes up to the order of (tU)4 where t is hopping integral of an electron and U is inter-orbital Coulomb
interaction on the same site This effective Hamiltonian has not only an interaction between NN PSs but also the
ring-exchange interaction It is worth to note this ring-exchange term includes the octupole operator Ty which does
not appear in the conventional effective Hamiltonian for orbital We analyze this model by the classical
Figure 1 Transient absorption (ΔOD)
spectra observed for excitation intensity
001 mJcm2 at 124 K
0 10 20 30
0
05
1
Fig1 Transient absorption (ΔOD) spectra observed for excitation intensity 001 mJcm2 at 124 K The solid and dashed curve indicate 08 and 25 ps after excitation
124 K
08 ps
Photon Energy (meV)
ΔO
D
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 81
Monte-Carlo method and obtain the phase diagram as functions of temperature and tU In small tU region the
antiferro-type quadrupole (AFQ) order is realized by the thermal fluctuation We find that the canted quadrupole
order is stabilized by the ring-exchange interaction The octupole order appears in large tU region Next to clarify
the quantum effect on the ring-exchange interaction we analyze this model by the Bethe approximation the exact
diagonalization method and the spin-wave approximation We reproduce the AFQ order the canted quadrupole
order and the octupole order In the large tU region we find the quantum para-orbital state which is also confirmed
by the spin-wave approximation
This work is financially supported by Tohoku University Global COE program
Po-30
Shape Memory Effect Induced by Magnetic-Field Rotation
in MnV2O4 Spinel Compound
Yoichi Nii
Physics D1 Tohoku University
In transition metal oxides the orbital degree of freedom plays an important role in their physical phenomena
Spinel compounds are one of the typical systems to study the orbital physics in which the orbital state often gives
rise to much more interesting properties through a possible coupling with both lattice and spin degrees of freedom
MnV2O4 is a representative spinel compound where the orbital-spin coupling is predicted to exist in the nearly
triply degenerate t2g orbital at V3+
sites In this compound a structural phase transition from cubic to tetragonal
(agtc) occurs at Ts = 57K accompanying a ferrimagnetic transition [1] Even above Ts the structural phase
transition can also be induced by the application of a magnetic field via the spin-orbit coupling Below Ts the
tetragonal domain can be aligned by a magnetic field [1] In this research the distribution of the cubic and the three
types of tetragonal domains (c[100]cubic [010]cubic [001]cubic) has been controlled by the combination of
magnetic-field sweep and rotation By rotating the magnetic field from [100]c to [010]c below Ts a single
tetragonal-domain state with c[100]cubic successfully switched to another single-domain state with c[010]cubic By
oscillating the magnetic field direction between [100]cubic to [010]cubic the system showed a strain-angle hysteresis
loop In addition a multi-domain state of these two tetragonal domains is also obtained in a tetragonal phase
induced by a magnetic field along [110]cubic at 57K Combining these processes a magnetic-field induced shape
memory effect without temperature variation has been successfully demonstrated
[1] T Suzuki K Katsumura K Taniguchi T Arima and T Katsufuji Phys Rev Lett 98 127203 (2007)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
82 |
Po-31
The ω meson photoproduction on the nucleon in the threshold region
Ryo HASHIMOTO
Physics D3 Tohoku University
The ω meson is one of the vector meson its spin parity is 1―
Studying near-threshold ω- meson
photoproduction is interesting theme to search for new baryon resonance states Recently the CLAS
collaboration reported that a missing baryon state JP = 52
+ contributes to ω- photoproduction around incident
photon energy of 2 GeV Paying attention to other vector meson production near threshold region the anomaly
of the cross section near threshold region is observed for φ-photoproduction by the CLAS collaboration A local
maximum appeared around Eγ = 2 GeV It is interesting that such a local peak is observed or not observed for
ω- photoproduction The detailed cross section data is needed for these investigations Currently there are a few
data of ω-photoproduction cross section We measure it from threshold up to 1145 MeV
We have already done some experiments with 4π EM calorimeter complex FOREST at Gev-γ experimental hall
in Laboratory of Nuclear Science (now Research Center of electron Photon Science) 750 ndash 1150 MeV
bremsstrahlung photon is exposed to a cryogenic liquid H2D2 target We detect 3 photons decayed from ω meson
generated in the reaction of γN rarrωN ω rarr π0γ rarr 3γ and measure their energy and out-going direction for
reconstruct an invariant mass In a π0γ invariant mass distribution we can find an ω meson peak clearly
The invariant mass of π0γ
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 83
P0-32
Prototype fast imaging detector for YN-scattering
Ryotaro Honda
Physics M1Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
84 |
Po-33
Ground state phase diagram of graphene in a high Landau level
A density matrix renormalization group study
Tatsuya Higashi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 85
Po-34
Investigation of the n ( K0) reaction near the threshold
KFutatsukawa for the NKS2 collaboration D3
Department of Physics Tohoku University Japan
Kaon photoproductions play an important role in the investigation of meson-baryon coupling the structure of
hadrons and search for missing resonances The n ( K0 is a unique process and a key for the investigation on
kaon photoproductions The reactions are (1) since no charge is involved in the initial and final state the t-channel
Born term doesnrsquot contribute (2) since it is the mirror channel of p ( K reaction the coupling constant of the 0
exchange in u-channel change its opposite sign
Therefore we have constructed the Neutral Kaon Spectrometer (NKS2) at the Laboratory of Nuclear Science
Tohoku University (LNS-Tohoku) which can provide tagged photons near the threshold of this reaction NKS2
consists of a dipole magnet with 042 Tesla at the center and TOF counters two types of drift chambers The target
is a liquid deuterium for the investigation into the elementary process of the n ( K0 reaction The acceptance of
NKS2 covers the very forward region making it possible to measure much larger kinematical region for K0 and to
provide the angular distribution for the comparison of the theoretical calculations NKS2 has the large acceptance
against not only +
- decay mode from K
0 but also p
- decay mode from It makes possible to measure the K
0
coincidence events Thus we can provide the cross sections of not only the single K0 events but also the K
0
coincidence events
We will present the performance of NKS2 in detail and preliminary results of the K0 coincidence events in this
contribution
Po-35
Traffic flow of two lanes with a bottleneck
Sho Furuhashi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Traffic jam is an important problem because it gives the society heavy economic losses In order to untie it we
have to understand traffic currents on road networks Many people have studied traffic currents on road networks
with models There are many models which represent traffic currents Cellular automaton (CA) model is a simple
model of them On a one dimensional lane a fundamental diagram of this model a relation between traffic flow
and vehicle density shows a similar characteristic of actual observed traffic currents Because of this similarity it is
a simple way to use CA model on road networks But road networks are more complex than one dimensional lanes
We have a question whether CA model is suitable for road networks or not
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
86 |
A road network is drawn by representing an intersection as a node and a road as a link When we think the traffic
currents of road networks intersections have important effects At an intersection cars on a lane block cars on the
other lanes So an intersection is recognized as a bottleneck Road network consists of bottlenecks We have to
research the effects of bottlenecks to understand the traffic currents of road networks
We study a traffic current of a simple bottleneck It is a two-lane circuit a part of which is one lane In this
system cyclic changes of the passing direction are observed Many people have studied this system with CA model
and got some results But they have not compared the traffic current of CA model on this system with an actual
traffic current So we do this comparison and check the utility of this model If this utility is confirmed it is a
proper way to use this model on road networks
Actual traffic currents were recorded at two points a corner of a road surrounding the Sendai Castle and the
Ryuujin Bridge near Kurogami Campus of Kumamoto University with a video camera The number of lanes is
reduced from two to one at these points We compared these records with the current of CA model by using a
distribution and a cycle correlation of the number of passing cars in a cycle of changes of the passing direction
The results are as follows Their distributions are exponential distributions They show no cycle correlation
From these results we can say that they are under Poisson Process and CA model reproduces an actual traffic
current
However a problem is left It is whether we can get same result in larger traffic volume or not To say that CA
model is suitable for the traffic current on road networks we have to confirm that we get same result regardless of
traffic volume This is an issue which remains to be solved
Po-36
Staggered Order with Kondo and Crystalline Field Singlets
in f2 System
Shintaro Hoshino Junya Otsuki and Yoshio Kuramoto
Department of Physics Tohoku University
With two localized f-electrons per site as in the case with Pr and U compounds the ground state of a solid can
be a collection of crystalline electric field (CEF) singlets plus the Fermi sea of conduction electrons If the
f-electrons interact strongly with conduction electrons the ground state can also be a collective Kondo singlet
Competition between these two singlets may give rise to rich physics with exotic ordered phases We propose a
novel staggered order of these two kinds of singlets by using a model with CEF singlet-triplet states and conduction
electrons which are connected together by the Kondo coupling We have performed highly accurate numerical
calculations using the dynamical mean-field theory combined with the continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo
method With one conduction electron per site we have found a metal-insulator transition temperature below which
the staggered singlet order emerges
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 87
The figure shows the local density of states in the ordered phase It shows a peak below the Fermi level at a
sublattice for Kondo singlet and a vacant peak at another sublattice for CEF singlet This indicates that the
conduction electrons gather at the Kondo singlet site in order to screen localized moments These two peaks add up
to a double peaked structure as in Kondo insulators We discuss possible relevance of the results to understanding
actual systems such as PrFe4P12 and URu2Si2
Figure Local density of states at the (a) Kondo singlet site and (b) CEF singlet site The band width of conduction
electrons is given by 2D
Po-37
Proton elastic scattering of 9C at 290 MeV
Yohei Matsuda
Physics Assistant professor Tohoku University
In order to understand nuclear properties it is important to get information on various shapes of unstable nuclei
as density distributions Therefore it has been expected to measure proton elastic scattering on unstable nuclei at
intermediate energies In particular the incident energies around 300 MeVnucleon are the most suitable because
the proton has the longest mean free path in nuclei For several years we have been developing an apparatus that
consists of beam detectors a solid hydrogen target and recoil proton detectors And we performed these
experiments which were the first at the energy region at the HIMAC facility in the NIRS
As for these experiments we focused on isotopes of carbon because the mass number varies widely from 9 to 22
and density distributions are different dramatically Among these 9C has two characteristics because of its small
proton separation energy (13 MeV) and no bound excited state One is a candidate of a proton halo nucleus and the
other is an experimental advantage that it is possible to separate elastic scattering events from inelastic scattering
events by charge identification of scattering particles Then we chose 9C as the first object
The differential cross section for 9C at 290 MeV is obtained in the momentum transfer region of 1 to 2 fm
-1 The
absolute value is determined by measuring proton elastic and inelastic scattering to the first 2+ excited state of
12C
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
88 |
at 410 MeVnucleon Error bars include systematic and statistical errors and the latter mainly contribute to the
uncertainty Compared with 12
C data the angular distribution does not show a clear diffraction minimum
In the present study the angular distribution is compared with microscopic model calculations Optical model
description is performed with the RIA and the G-matrix approximation Description of nuclear structure is done
with the RMF and the AMD The unclear diffraction minimum is comparatively reproduced by the RMF It is
considered that this reproduction is derived from that the tail of the proton distribution grows longer than that of the
AMD result Though more detailed discussion could be done in comparison with more backscattering data a lack
of data and an inaccurateness of nuclear reaction models at the angle make it difficult In future it is desired to
improve these two points
Po-38
High Resolution and High Statistics Λ Hypernuclear Spectroscopy
by the (e ersquoK+) Reaction
Akihiko Matsumura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Λ hypernuclear spectroscopy by the (eersquoK+) reaction is a powerful tool to investigate ΛN interaction because
this reaction excites various states up to deep inside of hypernucleus and sub-MeV resolution can be achieved
thanks to the high quality primary electron beam from CEBAF at Jefferson laboratory (JLab) The second
generation hypernuclear spectroscopy at JLab Hall C E01-011 was successfully performed in the summer of 2005
introducing High resolution Kaon Spectrometer (HKS) and a new configuration for scattered electron spectrometer
These unique techniques significantly improved both energy resolution and hypernuclear tagging efficiency and we
succeeded to study various hypernuclei
12
ΛB precise p-shell hypernuclear structures were measured and the binding energy and cross section were
compared with the shell model calculation with DWIA
28
ΛAl The first hypernuclear spectroscopy beyond the p-shell by the (eersquoK+) reaction was executed and
major shell structures were observed The results were compared with the shell model calculation with DWIA
7ΛHe The first spectroscopic investigation of
7ΛHe which is one of the unique neutron rich hypernuclear by
(eersquoK+) reaction was carried out successfully The result provides new information on ΛΣ coupling and charge
symmetry breaking
with high resolution and sufficient statistics for the first time by this reaction The analysis is now in the final stage
and systematic errors of binding energy and cross section were estimated with a help of the detailed Monte Carlo
simulation The overview and the analysis result of E01-011 experiment will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 89
Po-39
External Gamma-ray Backgrounds of the KamLAND Detector
Yukie Minekawa
Physics D2 Tohoku University
The KamLAND detector is a scintillation detector for neutrino measurement located in the Kamioka mine It
consists of the inner detector with radius of 9 meters and the outer detector The inner detector has 1000 tons liquid
scintillator at the center and it is a detection part of neutrino events
The liquid scintillatior is surrounded by mountain rocks and the KamLAND components such as PMTs EVOH
films Kevlar strings stainless and so on They contain some amount of radioactive impurities Their radiations are
detected by KamLAND and are backgrounds of neutrino events Especially gamma rays are serious since they
travel long distance A lot of them are able to get into the liquid scintillator
It needs to estimate the amounts of these backgrounds and their position dependences in order to distinguish
neutrino events This requires simulations of radiations with the detector geometry considered
For these simulations geant4 a tool for particle simulations is used The radiations are generated from each
surroundings and their energy deposits are constructed as events detected in KamLAND Compared with
KamLAND data the amounts of the backgrounds from surroundings are be able to estimated Their position
dependences enable us to know the effects of them in the fiducial volume
Po-40
Higgs Triplet Model
Yusuke Motoki
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Standard Model (SM) of particle physics is one of the most successful theory Most of the collider
experiment result can be explained in the framework of the SM However in 1998 Super-Kamiokande
experiment discovered that the neutrinos have very small masses In the SM the neutrinos are massless
particles We must consider the new model which the neutrinos have masses In the Higgs Triplet Model (HTM)
which is simplest extension of SM a complex SU(2) triplet scalar field with the hypercharge Y = 2 is added to
SM Lagrangian in order to have the neutrino masses This model generates the Majorana neutrino masses via
the Yukawa couplings of the triplet scalar field Yukawa couplings of triplet scalar field product lepton flavor
violating decays and etc The decays are searched for at the B
factory
A distinctive point in the HTM is that doubly charged Higgs bosons exists The decays of this particles are
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
90 |
particular processes If doubly charged Higgs bosons mass is relatively light it will be produced at the CERN
Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
In this Poster Session Irsquod like to explain the relations between the HTM and collider experiments
Po-41
Electron diffraction study of the low temperature phase of
Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16
Daisuke Morikawa
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Recently the high quality single crystal of Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16 has been successfully made by
high-pressure synthesis and the metal-insulator transition keeping ferromagnetism was formed at 95K [1] This
phenomenon is very rare in the strongly-correlated electron materials The crystal structure of the low temperature
phase and the origin of the metal-insulator phase transition have been unclear yet The purpose of this study is to
examine the phase transition at the nano-scale area of K2Cr8O16 using Convergent-beam electron diffraction
(CBED) and Selected-area electron diffraction (SAED)
Single crystals of K2Cr8O16 were prepared by Mr Hasegawa and Prof Ueda ISSP University of Tokyo using
high-pressure synthesis The electron diffraction experiments were conducted using a JEM-2010FEF transmission
electron microscope equipped with an in-column omega-type energy filter Intensities of electron diffraction were
recorded on imaging plate The accelerating voltage of electron microscope was 100kV The electron diffraction
patterns were obtained at specimen temperature of 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Figure 1 shows energy-filtered CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
In this figure Zeroth order Laue zone (ZOLZ) reflections are shown It is clearly shown that the structure transition
is not occurred at low temperature phase The [001] [111] and [201] incidence SAED patterns were also taken and
shows no structure transition at low temperature
[1] K Hasegawa et al Phys Rev Lett 103 146403 (2009)
Figure 1 The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively Every patterns show m symmetry
and there no difference
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 91
Po-42
Light scattering by collective excitation of phonon
in quantum paraelectrics
Ryuta Takano
Physics D1 Tohoku University
SrTiO3 and KTaO3 are typical perovskite-type oxides The polarization arrangement in these materials is thought
to be disturbed by the zero point vibration though they have a ferroelectric phonon mode that softens at the Γ point
As a result they do not undergo a ferroelectric phase transition so these materials are often called Quantum
paraelectrics The normal phonon-phonon scattering where the momentum is conserved is thought to become
predominant at the Γ point due to the anharmonic interaction between the long wave-length phonons of the soft
transverse optic and the acoustic modes Gurevich and Tagantsev expected the existence of the second-sound wave
(compression wave of the phonon gas) from the above-mentioned speculation in SrTiO3 and KTaO3 [1] We have
observed a scattered peak that looked like the sound wave (which was called Broad doublet (BD)) at 30K or less in
SrTiO3 and at 20K or less in KTaO3 in our low frequency light scattering experiment [Figure 1] Since the origin of
the BD is still controversial it is important to understand more systematically the collective excitation of phonon
by the analysis on low frequency elementary excitation in quantum paraelectrics Therefore we aimed to
understand the temperature dependence of the relaxation times (τNτR) of the ldquoNormal processrdquo (in which the
momentum is preserved in the phonon-phonon scattering) and the ldquoResistive processrdquo (of considering all scattering
that contributes to dissipative energy transport by phonon and lattice imperfection or impurities) from the spectrum
analysis based on the extended thermodynamics [2]
Figure 2 shows the temperature dependences of τN and τR determined by fitting that uses the extended
thermodynamics The horizontal and vertical axes measure the temperature and the angular frequency respectively
Both axes are logarithmically scaled ω0 denotes the natural frequency of the second-sound wave The conclusion
from the analysis is as the followings
1 A narrow quasi-elastic scattering component in the high temperature region is a light scattering spectrum by
thermal diffusion It has been understood that the frequency of the resistive process falls when lowering the
temperature in SrTiO3 and this thermal diffusion mode (the second-sound wave that over dumped) shifts to the
second-sound wave (propagating mode)
2 It cannot be said that the phonon gas is in the state of the collective excitation in the observation scale of the
actual experiment It should be interpreted that the observed BD for KTaO3 only as the second order Raman
scattering involving pairs of individual phonons
[1] VLGurevich and AKTagantsev Sov Phys JETP 67 206 (1988)
[2] Djou JCasas-Vacuteazquez and GLebon Extended Irreversible thermodynamics (Springer 2001) 3rd ed
Figure The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Every patterns show m symmetry and there no difference
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
92 |
Figure 1 Light scattering spectrum of SrTiO3 and KTaO3 Figure 2 Temperature dependence of τN and τR
Po-43
Formation of the Milky Way Based on the Analysis of Kinematics and
Chemical Abundance of the Outer Halo Stars
Miho Ishigaki
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
How galaxies in the Universe came into existence remains one of the big questions in astronomy It is now
widely recognized that our own Milky Way (MW) Galaxy serves as a unique laboratory to examine mechanisms at
which our Galaxy as well as galaxies in general formed and evolved One important advantage of studying our
Galaxy is that because of its proximity one can measure position velocity and chemical abundance of individual
stars in the solar neighborhood which can be used as a fossil record of the early Galaxy
As an attempt to constrain how our Galaxy formed we study chemical abundance of old stars whose orbits
reach the outer part of the Galactic stellar halo Because of their unusual orbital velocity these outer halo stars are
considered as possible candidates for debris of small galaxies that have been disrupted either partly or totally
during the course of accretion on to the MW in the past In the poster we present the results of our abundance
analysis for the sample of 57 outer halo stars using the data obtained with High-Dispersion Spectrograph mounted
on the Subaru telescope Our detailed abundance results for the key elements including Magnesium Calcium Iron
etc support the hypothesis that the certain fraction of the MW outer stellar halo have built up by accretions of
smaller galaxies as previously suggested from studies based on lower resolution spectral data
Figure The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Every patterns show m symmetry and there no difference
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 93
Po-44
Searching for Luminous Core-Collapsed Supernovae
in a High-z Proto-Cluster
Nana Morimoto
Astronomy D1 Tohoku University
It has been revealed that SSA22 region at redshift z=31 is an extremely high density region of LAEs (LyA
emitters) In addition to this star formation in this region is supposed to be biased to very large mass from the
evidence such as a large number of large LyA EW objects Therefore core-collapsed supernovae (SNe) of massive
stars are expected to occur frequently in this region While SNe has not been detected beyond zgt2 to date it is very
important not only to detect core-collapsed SNe at z=31 but also to obtain any useful information to understand
star formation in early universe So we estimated the expectation of observing core-collapsed SNe in SSA22 region
at z=31 based on our own sample of star-forming galaxies and carried out preliminary observations and data
analysis to search for variable objects to investigate the detectability of core-collapsed SNe at high-z by searching
for variability of LAEs in this region
Po-45
A Study of Light Curves from Rapidly Rotating Neutron Stars
Kazutoshi Numata
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
The launch of the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) brought many discoveries in the physics of neutron
stars Periodic millisecond X-ray oscillations have been detected in 22 accreting neutron stars in low-mass X-ray
binary systems (hereafter we refer to these accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar as AMXPs) Accretion-powered
millisecond oscillations have so far been detected in 10 AMXPs The oscillation can be always detected in 7
AMXPs of 10 AMXPs and 3 others can be detected intermittently
The light curves for X-rays emitted from neutron stars have various information which are the stars radius
mass spin frequency inner structure of the stars circumstellar region observer inclination and so on We mainly
consider AMXPs and compare their properties to light curves calculated by assumed models
AMXPs have several properties The main properties are small amplitudes sinusoidal pulse shapes variable
oscillation amplitudes variable pulse phases The fractional rms amplitudes of the accretion powered oscillation are
about 1-2 in most AMXPs And observed light curves have nearly sinusoidal pulse shapes and the fractional rms
amplitudes of fundamental is usually tenth times larger than first overtone component
Andersson (1998) proposed that r-mode are excited by gravitational wave radiation R-modes are waves
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
94 |
propagated in neutron stars So it is important to think r-mode on surface of the neutron star Therefore we use the
model of R-mode plus hot spot model (RS model) to calculate light curves from the neutron stars This model is a
new model There have been models to assume only r-modes and to assume only hot spots so far but there have
never been models that r-modes and hot spots are assumed simultaneously
The hot spot locate on the surface of the neutron star and dont interact with r-mode thermally This r-mode is
the wave in a rotating and magnetized neutron star (Lee 2009) The neutron star is assumed to be threaded by a
dipole magnetic field which strength B0 at the surface is 1010
G This strength of 1010
G is typically value in
low-mass X-ray binary systems It is calculated in a neutron star model composed of a fluid ocean a solid crust
and a fluid core The fluid core is treated to be non-magnetic to assume that magnetic pressure is much smaller than
the gas pressure there
In addition to fitting to the present observation we researched what light curves can be observed And we also
researched whether we can detect the oscillation due to r-mode if it exist in neutron stars We found that its
detectability is strong enough in present observation accuracy The oscillation have never observed yet But if it is
detected information about neutron stars inner structure will be also derived
Po-46
CMB Bispectrum from the Second-Order Cosmological Perturbations
Daisuke Nitta
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
We calculate the bispectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature anisotropies induced
by the second-order fluctuations in the Boltzmann equation In this poster we consider the terms that are products
of the first-order perturbations and leave intrinsically second-order terms and perturbations in the recombination
history
We show that the bispectrum has the maximum signal in the squeezed triangles similar to the local-type
primordial bispectrum as both types generate non-linearities via products of the first-order terms in position space
However detailed calculations show that their shapes are sufficiently different the cross-correlation coefficient
reaches 05 at the maximum multipole of l_max~ 200 and then weakens to 03 at l_max~ 2000 The
differences in shape arise from (i) the way the acoustic oscillations affect the bispectrum and (ii) the second-order
effects not being scale-invariant This implies that the contamination of the primordial bispectrum due to the
second-order effects (from the products of the first-order terms) is small The expected signal-to-noise ratio of the
products of the first-order terms is ~ 04 at l_max~ 2000 for a full-sky cosmic variance limited experiment
We therefore conclude that the products of the first-order terms may be safely ignored in the analysis of the
future CMB experiments The expected contamination of the local-form f_NL is f^local_NL~ 09 at
l_max~ 200 and f^local_NL~ 05 at l_max~ 2000
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 95
Po-47
General Properties of Non-Radial Pulsations
Aprilia
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
Po-48
A Study on Mathematical Fuzzy Logic
Ahmad Termimi Bin Ab Ghani
Mathematical institute Tohoku University
We study some important properties of mathematical fuzzy logic based on the logical systems BL and BLforall
(basic fuzzy propositional and predicate logic) such as computational complexity of fuzzy propositional calculi We
also discuss arithmetical complexity issues which treat the degrees of undecidability of fuzzy predicate calculi
Finally we investigate some open problems concerning the arithmetical complexity on monadic logic and the
corresponding Σ1-completeness (Π1- completeness)
Reference
[1] Haacutejek P Godo L Esteva F A complete many-valued logic with product conjunction Arch Math Logic 35
(1996) 191-208
[2] Haacutejek P Metamathematics of fuzzy logic Kluwer 1998
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
96 |
[3] Haacutejek P Fuzzy logic and arithmetical hierarchy III Studia logica 68 (2001) 129-142
[4] Haacutejek P Monadic fuzzy predicate logic Studia logica 71 (2002) 165-175
Po-49
Some space-time integrability estimates of the solution for heat
equations in two dimension
Norisuke Ioku Mathematical institute Tohoku University
Po-50
Well-posedness for Navier-Stokes equations in modulation spaces with
negative derivative indices
Tsukasa Iwabuchi
Mathematical institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 97
Po-51
The soul conjecture for Riemannian orbifolds
Naoki Oishi
Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
In 1994 Perelman solved the Cheeger-Gromoll soul conjecture ldquoIf a smooth non-compact complete Riemannian
manifold M of nonnegative curvature has positive curvature at a point then its soul is an one point set
Consequently M is diffeomorphic to a Euclidean spacerdquo But he couldnt generalize the theorem to Alexandrov
spaces We show an analogous result to the theorem for Riemannian orbifolds which belong to Alexandrov spaces
Po-52
A new approach to the existence of harmonic maps
Toshiaki Omori
Mathematical Institute D2 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
98 |
Po-53
Stability of the interface of a Hele-Shaw flow with two injection points
Michiaki Onodera
Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 99
Po-54
THE ISOMORPHISM BETWEEN MOTIVIC COHOMOLOGY AND K-GROUPS FOR EQUI-CHARACTERISTIC REGULAR LOCAL
RINGS
Yuki Kato
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-55
Bifurcations in semilinear elliptic equations on thin domains
Toru Kan
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-56
ON THE CURVATURE OF THE PSEUDO-VOLUME FORM
DEFINING THE CARATH_EODORY MEASURE
HYPERBOLICITY
Shin Kikuta
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
100 |
Po-57
Goumldels Incompleteness Theorem Recursively Axiomatizable Theories
and Medvedev Degrees of Unsolvability
Takayuki Kihara
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 101
Po-58
Hypergeometric series on a p-adic field
Kensaku Kinjo
Mathematical Institute Tohoku Univercity D2
Po-59
On Hasse principle of purely transcendental extension field
in one variable
Makoto Sakagaito
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
The map from the Brauer group of a global field to the product of the Brauer groups of the completions (the
local-global map) is known to be injective This classical result is called the Hasse principle In the case of positive
characteristic global fields are algebraic function fields in one variable over finite fields Related to this classical
result I studied the question of whether the Hasse principle holds in the case where the field is a purely transcendental
extension in one variable of any field Assuming a certain property of the edge map of a certain Leray spectral
sequence I ascertained the result that the local-global map of a purely transcendental extension field restricted to a
certain subgroup is injective In the case where m is a natural number prime to the characteristic of the ground field
the subgroup contains the m-torsion-part of the Brauer group of the purely transcendental extension field In the case
where the ground field is a perfect field the subgroup coincides with the Brauer group of the purely transcendental
extension field
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
102 |
Po-60
Large time behavior of solutions for system
of nonlinear damped wave equations
Hiroshi Takeda Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
We consider the Cauchy problem for a system of semilinear damped wave equations with small initial dataWe
derive the asymptotic profile of the nonlinear system corresponding to the results for the nonlinear single equation
and we obtain the sufficient condition of the growth order on the nonlinear term to ensure the existence of the
solution with the optimal decay Our proof is based on the analysis for the fundamental solutions of the linear
damped wave equation
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 103
Po-61
Non-abelian generalization of Iwasawa theory
Kazuaki Tajima
Mathematical Institute D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
104 |
Po-62
The quadratic subextension of the class field of a real quadratic field
Toshihide Doi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-63
Pattern formation by receptor-based models for regeneration
experiments on Hydra
Madoka Nakayama
Mathematical Institute D2 Tohoku University
Hydra is a small animal living in fresh water which is best known for its ability of regeneration When a hydra is
cut into two pieces two hydras will regenerate There has been several mathematical models proposed to describe
this experiment A classical model proposed by Gierer and Meinhardt in 1972 is based on the idea of diffusion-
driven instability between two chemicals called activator and inhibitor Recently Anna Marciniak proposed new
regeneration models from a more biologically refined viewpoint Her models consist of free and bound receptors
ligands and an enzyme and a head is formed at place of higher bound receptor concentration We discuss stability of
its stationary solutions It turns out that the mechanism producing non-trivial spatial patterns has a similarity with that
of MacWilliams reaction diffusion model
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 105
Po-64
The computational methods of canonical heights on elliptic curve
Tadahisa Nara
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Heights of points is numerical size of the points for certain arithmetic Canonical height is one of heights which
is defined on elliptic curves Studying canonical heights gives us information about structure of Mordell-Weil
groups In general canonical height is defined as a limit and it is not easy to compute it In the poster we introduce
more practical methods for computation by Tate and Silverman which are considered to be suitable for also
uniform estimate For an application of that we consider generators on some families of elliptic curves
Po-65
Spatial branching process in random environment
Nishimori Yasuhito
Mathematical Institute D1 Tohoku University
Po-66
On a periodic decomposition of meromorphic functions
Takanao Negishi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
106 |
Po-67
Difficulties of solving problems
Kojiro Higuchi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 107
Po-68
Undecidability and weak theory of concatenation
Yoshihiro Horihata
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-69
Daviesrsquo Conjecture for Pseudo-Schroumldinger Operators and its
Applications to Penalization Problem
Masakuni Matsuura
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
108 |
Po-70
TORSION POINTS OF ABELIAN VARIETIES WITH VALUES IN
INFINITE EXTENSION FIELDS
Yuken Miyasaka
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 109
Po-71
Maximum principle for a biological model related to the motion of
amoebae
Harunori Monobe Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
110 |
Po-72
Asymptotic behaviour of solutions to the drift-diffusion equation
in the whole spaces
Masakazu Yamamoto
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
We consider the initial value problem for the Nernt-Planck drift-diffusion equation in the whole spaces Our
model is a system of the nonlinear parabolic equation and the Poisson equation The drift-diffusion equation is a
model of the plasma dynamics The solutions of this equation stand for the density of the charges and the electric
potential We study the large-time behavior of the solution to the drift-diffusion equation by deriving the asymptotic
expansion of the solution Especially we discuss the contrast between the odd-dimensional cases and the
even-dimensional cases
Po-73
A study of the idea of systematic knowledge On the relation between
nature and spirit in the organizational view of nature
Fukuko Abe
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In the studies of the humanities and science which have become increasingly technical sophisticated and
interdisciplinary the idea of the assimilation of literature and science attracted growing academic interest in recent
years This idea naturally requires not the aggregate but systematic knowledge accompanied by a philosophy that
addresses the question of what it is that we conceive as knowledge It was the German philosophy as it evolved
during the 18-19th century which based on works on systematic or speculative knowledge attempted to establish
an organizational view of nature becoming known under the notion of natural philosophy Here nature and spirit
which were traditionally conceived as divided notions within the mechanical view on nature were now viewed in a
new light as something unified through life Although modern natural philosophy contains a large number of
difficult questions with regard to its present-day validity this study investigates based on the currents of the
organizational view on nature in contemporary philosophy the relation between nature and spirit in this particular
theoretical notion as well as the systematic knowledge itself which attempts to apprehend such an organizational
whole
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 111
Po-74
Medical technology and surrogate decision-making
Haruka Hikasa
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Consensus-building in science technology generally presumes the autonomous individual With regard to
medical technology it is bioethics which emphasizes the principle of respecting the autonomy of the individual Yet
in the case of some patients only insufficient autonomy is granted or may even be absent Consider for example
newborns suffering a serious illness or patients who are in a persistent vegetative state caused by brain death or
who suffer from dementia or mental illness Thus it appears reasonable to engage in an argumentation in order to
seek specific criteria for surrogate decision-making with regard to such incompetent patients
If a patient is not competent allowing this person to choose or to refuse treatment who should be allowed in what
fashion to make a decision in the interest of this patient In conventional bioethics standards for surrogate
decision-making are often distinguished into substituted judgment (pure autonomy) and decisions judged from what
is conceived to be in the best interest of the patient
It appears to me however that these standards involve ethical problems such as the validity of the precedent
autonomy and evaluation of the potential burden of benefits for the patient In this presentation I wish to discuss
the framework of standards for surrogate decision-making in order to make decisions on behalf of individuals
incompetent to seek decisions on their own
Po-75
Humersquos empiricism and the experimental method of reasoning
Hiromichi Sugawara
Philosophy D1 Tohoku University
David Hume was a Scottish philosopher and historian who lived in the 18th
century Humersquos work is usually
classified as the most significant work in the tradition of empiricism Empiricism is generally defined as the view
according to which knowledge and understanding derives from experience (via the senses) The methodology of
Humersquos inquiry is explicitly described in the subtitle of his famous first work A Treatise of Human Nature Being
an Attempt to Introduce the Experimental Method of Reasoning into Moral Subjects It is said that Humersquos method
of reasoning was influenced by the scientific method applied by Newton articulated in his Philosophiae Naturalis
Principia Mathematica However the influence of Newtonrsquos thought on Hume is not necessarily definite Therefore
it seems to me that Humersquos empiricism remains open to various interpretations Therefore in this presentation I
wish to demonstrate the experimental method of reasoning influenced by Newton and the empirical attitude
initially attempted by Hume
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
112 |
Po-76
Epistemic deference and transmission of knowledge
How should we (non-scientists) acquire warranted beliefs about
scientific propositions
Mariko Nihei
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Suppose I have heard that a quark is a fundamental particle from an expert in particle physics and I believe it is
true even though I do not have direct evidence or a clear notion concerning what a quark is or what counts as a
fundamental particle Then how do I know that a quark is a fundamental particle For non-scientists most of
scientific knowledge would fit this situation But at the same time it is difficult to acquire all relevant evidence
concerning particular situations by ourselves because we do not go through extensive specialized training
Moreover there is too much ldquoscientific knowledgerdquo in the world while at the same time our intellect remains too
limited Thus in this presentation drawing on recent arguments about ldquoepistemic deferencerdquo and transmission of
knowledge between non-scientists and scientists (here esp Hardwig 19851988 Brewer 19982006) I attempt to
demonstrate a possible epistemological scheme for how and when we as non-scientists acquire warranted beliefs
about technical or scientific propositions without possessing evidence for such beliefs by our own ability The
conceptual scheme which I will provide here will be useful for the practice of facilitating scientific communication
Po-77
The Finiteness of Human Beings and the Role of Technology
Ryozo Suzuki
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Human beings lead a life in uneasiness and search for something reliable Where does this feeling derive from
What does ldquoreliablerdquo refer to
In the first place organisms fight and eat each other ldquoLiferdquo (in German Leben) produces the tissues of itself and
survives after these die Human beings live in the same fashion We fight for survival kill other lives and produce
children who live over the death of their parents Parents seek the ldquodurabilityrdquo or ldquochangelessnessrdquo of themselves in
their children Hegel points out that this intuition (in German Anschauung) maintains the elementary reliability and
easiness of everyday life Therefore it seems that in here we find the reason why our deepest interest in science
technology at present concentrates on reproductive technologies
According to thinkers such as Hegel or Gehlen technology guards us against excessive emotions which derive
from ldquoliferdquo The process of life gives birth to us Yet life for itself is relevant to the existence of ldquoIrdquo as an individual
Therefore we as individuals possess a fear of death which characterizes life as a notion of ambiguity It is this
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 113
nature which generates a fundamental uneasiness in us From the point of practical significance technology
encompasses a deep relation with the hope for durability (ldquoeternityrdquo) against lifersquos changeability or ambiguity We
tend to favor artificial things which are stable and continue to exist longer than we do (in this sense Gehlen has
pointed out the reason for why human beings come to depend on petrochemistry) Therefore we may say that we
are more fetishistic than ever
Po-78
What is ethically problematic in Biogenetics
Takuma Obara
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In this presentation I will consider some of the ethical problems in biogenetics that we are confronted with
today
With the scientific breakthroughs achieved in biogenetics it will be possible to manipulate the genome Once
we obtain knowledge then there is no return to innocent ignorance If we know how to improve ourselves why
should we abstain from doing so Frankly speaking there are no reasons why we should do so Yet the point here
is that an attempt to achieve onersquos goal with the help of such technology would result in the contrary We are severe
on the difference between what belongs to a person and what does not while we highly value the former Therefore
external manipulations result in failure to gain estimation from other people
We also estimate onersquos efforts to achieve such goal even if those efforts have not been marked by success On
the contrary if one strengthens his common abilities with external manipulations such as drugs we despise such
person However if one reinforces his effort what should we do It is apparent that this person applies external
manipulations while undergoing severe experiences In other words are we able to draw a line of division between
the internal and the external within an individual Moreover should we evaluate a talent belonging to a person
without any conditionality These this presentation wishes to argue describe the actual problems which we should
consider and develop answers to once biogenetic manipulations are realized
Po-79
The ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude
Tetsurou Yamashita
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
If we conceive scientific activities radically that is in terms of the ontological structure of the human being we
may understand that science is not the primary way of our being but a modification of practical activities in
everydayness Through the ontological change from the practical attitude in which we are concerned with beings
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
114 |
(entities) in a specific context we can shift to a theoretical attitude which enables us to thematize beings clearly
from a free (independent) viewpoint The theoretical attitude is a condition for the possibility of the discovery of
beings Yet its discovery confines itself to a limited discovery for the theoretical attitude articulates various ways
of being folded wholly into the practical attitude in everydayness as the foundation for the discovery therefore it
thematizes beings from a voluntary but single viewpoint (way of being) Based on these circumstances in this
presentation I will sketch the process of the ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude while considering the
ontological significance and limits of this theoretical attitude In doing so this presentation will draw heavily on
Martin Heideggerrsquos ontological insights regarding the human being
Po-80
Risk uncertainty and the precautionary principle
How to deal with scientific uncertainty
Yasuhiko Fujio
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In the age of industrialized societies we are exposed to many risks deriving from the development of science
and technology Therefore we are in need of a risk analysis and management in order to coexist with these
numerous risks Many of these approaches addressing such risks are based on the theory of probability or statistics
yet these approaches are not always helpful
We cannot obtain full knowledge of the events occurring in the future thus we must base our risk analysis and
management on probabilistic or statistical approaches and assess the occurrence of events probabilistically or
statistically However there are some realms of science in which we cannot use such approaches because of a lack
of sufficient scientific knowledge with regard to complex phenomena like global warming Notwithstanding we
must make decisions despite such scientific uncertainty caused by insufficient knowledge of events which might
bring about crucial risks
In order to cope with such uncertainty and evade catastrophic disasters we might have to introduce a
ldquoprecautionary principlerdquo which requires that we should adopt approaches such as regulating or banning the use of
chemical substances or technology to protect the human health and the environment despite the lack of sufficient
scientific certainty
In this presentation I wish to examine the notion of scientific uncertainty with regard to complicated events
and the precautionary principle as a reasonable principle for decision making confronted with such uncertainty
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 115
Po-81
The mechanism of suppressed dynamical friction in a constant density
core of dwarf galaxies
Shigeki Inoue
Astronomy D2 Tohoku University
The dynamical friction problem is a long-standing dilemma In dwarf galaxy dynamical friction is too effective for their
globular clusters (hereafter GCs) to keep their orbital motion Nonetheless these GCs do exist even in current dwarfs However
if dwarf galaxies have a cored dark matter halo which has a constant density region in its center the dynamical friction is
significantly weakened (suppressed dynamical friction) But the mechanism of the suppressed dynamical friction has not been
clarified yet By means of N-body simulation I discuss the mechanism of the suppressed dynamical friction
Memo
Tohoku University Aobayama Campus
Aobayama Cumpus
Graduate School Faculty of Science
6-3 Aoba Aramaki Aoba-ku SENDAI 980-8578
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
8 |
Time Table
February 18 Thursday February 19 Friday
900
~
930
ldquoOpeningrdquo Kunio INOUE (Project Leader)
Plenary Session Main Lecture Hall
930
~
1020
Indranil MAZUMDAR
(Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental
Research India)
930
~
1020
Jenann ISMAEL
(Philosophy Univ of Arisona USA and Univ of
Sydney Australia)
1030
~
1120
Philippe MARCQ
(Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie
Curie Institut Curie France)
1030
~
1120
Ryushi GOTO
(Mathematics Osaka University Japan)
1130
~
1220
Young-Woo SON
(Condensed Matter Physics KIAS Korea) 1130
~
1220
Jean COUPON
(Astrophysics Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris
France)
1230
~
1350
Lunch
1230
~
1350
Lunch
Parallel Session Lecture rooms 203 204 and 205
Room 205 204 203 Room 205 204 203
1350
~
1420
Masaki
Asano
(Particle
Theory)
Yoshihiro
Ueda
(Mathematics)
Jinsung Park
(Condensed
Matter
Physics )
1350
~
1420
Yoshiyuki
Onuki
(Particle
Experiment)
Masahiro
Futaki
(Mathematics
University of
Tokyo)
Ken-Ichiro
Imura
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
1430
~
1500
Kazunori
Kohri
(Particle
Theory)
Yuichi
Nohara
(Mathematics)
Tatsuro
Yuge
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
1430
~
1500
Takeshi Koike
(Nuclear
Experiment)
Tatsuki
Kawakami
(Mathematics)
Katsuhiko
Sato
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
1510
~
1540
Masafumi
Kurachi
(Particle
Theory)
Shota Sato
(Mathematics)
Hidekatsu
Nemura
(Nuclear
Theory)
1510
~
1540
Masatoshi
Itoh
(Nuclear
Experiment)
Masahiko
Igashira
(Philosophy
Osaka
University)
Hojun Im
(Condensed
Matter
Physics
Hirosaki
Univiersity)
1540
~
1600
Coffee Break
1540
~
1610
Coffee Break
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 9
Special Session Room 203
1610
~
1640
Yousuke Itoh
(Astronomy)
Masaru
Yonehara
(Philosophy)
Seigo Souma
(Condensed
Matter
Physics) 1600
~
1630
Jie Meng
(Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
1635
~
1705
Huaizhe Xu
(Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University
China)
1650
~
1720
Tomohiro
Yoshikawa
(Astronomy)
Shun Sato
(Philosophy)
Ryo Nouchi
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
Poster Session Entrance hall Collaborative Research Session
1710
~
1830
Research Assistants present their research
(Posters will be exhibited until 1330 of
February 19 Fri)
1730
~
1800
Takatsugu
Ishikawa
(Physics)
Katsuhiko
Sato
(Physics)
Yousuke
Itoh
(Astronomy)
Yuri Shimizu
(Physics)
Keita
Yokoyama
(Mathematics)
Yosuke
Takubo
(Physics)
Sumio
Yamada
(Mathematics)
1820
~
2000
Banquet
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
10 |
SpeakersTitles
February 18 Thursday
0930 - Kunio INOUE (GCOE program leader) ndash ldquoOpening addressrdquo (Main Lecture Hall)
Plenary Session
Chairmen H Tamura T Kawakatsu Y Hirayama Main Lecture Hall
0930 -1020 Indranil MAZUMDAR (Chairman H Tamura)
(Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research India)
ldquoHalo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fanordquo
1030 ndash 1120 Philippe MARCQ (Chairman T Kawakatsu)
(Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie Curie Institut Curie France)
ldquoMechanics of Stress Fibersrdquo
1130 ndash 1220 Young-Woo SON (Chairman Y Hirayama)
(Condensed Matter Physics KIAS Korea)
ldquoRelativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters ndash Graphene and othersrdquo
1230 ndash 1350 Lunch
Parallel Session A - Particle Nuclear Astro-physics Group
Chairman K Hikasa Room205
1350 ndash 1420 Masaki ASANO (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoGeneral WIMP search at International Linear Colliderrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Kazunori KOHRI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoPrimordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmologyrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masafumi KURACHI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoHiggsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breakingrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Parallel Session B ndash Condensed Matter Physics Group Nuclear Physics
Chairman R Saito Room203
1350 ndash 1420 Jinsung PARK (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University )
ldquoExciton effect of Raman resonance window of single wall carbon nanotubesrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Tatsuro YUGE (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoProperties of response function of nonequilibrium steady staterdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Hidekatsu NEMURA (Nuclear Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoHyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCDrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Parallel Session C ndash Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Chairman H Kozono Room204
1350 ndash 1420 Yoshihiro UEDA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoApplication of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem for damped wave equation
with non-convexityrdquo
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 11
1430 ndash 1500 Yuichi NOHARA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoToric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systemsrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Shota SATO (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoSingular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of a Semilinear Parabolic Equationrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Special Session
Chairman O Hashimoto Room203
1600 ndash 1630 Jie Meng
(Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
ldquoCovariant density functional theory for Nuclear structure and application in astrophysicsrdquo
1635 ndash 1705 Huaizhe Xu (Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University China)
ldquoControl of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism in ZnO based
DMSrdquo
Poster Session
Entrance hall of ldquoSogotohrdquo
1710 ndash 1830 80 Research assistants present their research
February 19 Friday
Plenary Session
Chairmen K Naoe R Miyaoka T Futamase Main Lecture Hall
0930 -1020 Jenann ISMAEL (Philosophy University of Arizona USA and University of Sydney
Australia) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoA Fresh Direction for Quantum Research What Might Entanglement Be Telling Usrdquo
1030 ndash 1120 Ryushi GOTO (Mathematics Osaka University Japan) (Chairman R Miyaoka)
ldquoCalabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structuresrdquo
1130 ndash 1220 Jean COUPON (Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France)
(Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoProbing the large scale structure in the Universe with CFHTLSrdquo
1230 ndash 1350 Lunch
Parallel Session A ndash Particle Nuclear Astro-physics Group
Chairmen H Tamura T Futamase Room205
1350 ndash 1420 Yoshiyuki ONUKI (Particle Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoMeasurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle angle phi3 at Belle experimentrdquo
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
12 |
1430 ndash 1500 Takeshi KOIKE (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoHypernuclear γ-ray spectroscopy at J-PARCrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masatoshi ITOH (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoSearch for the alpha cluster condensed state in 16
0rdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University) (Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoA dipole anisotropy of galaxy distribution Does the CMB rest frame exist in the local universerdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Tomohiro YOSHIKAWA (Astronomy Tohoku University) (Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoMOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies at the Star-Forming Epoch of the Universerdquo
Parallel Session B ndash Condensed Matter Physics Group
Chairmen Y Kuramoto T Takahashi Room203
1350 ndash 1420 Ken-Ichiro IMURA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoFrom graphene to Z2 topological insulatorrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Katsuhiko SATO (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoShear-induced phase separation of complex fluidsrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Hojun IM (Condensed Matter Physics Hirosaki University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoCe 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum critical point
a resonant angle-resolved photoemission studyrdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Seigo SOUMA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Takahashi)
ldquoSpin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of Rashba effect on semi-metal surfacerdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Ryo NOUCHI (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Takahashi)
ldquoMetal-contact effect on graphenerdquo
Parallel Session C ndash Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Chairmen T Shioya K Naoe Room204
1350 ndash 1420 Masahiro FUTAKI (Mathematics The University of Tokyo) (Chairman T Shioya)
ldquoAround Homological Mirror Symmetryrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Tatsuki KAWAKAMI (Mathematics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Shioya)
ldquoOn the heat equation in a half space with a nonlinear boundary conditionrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masahiko IGASHIRA (Philosophy Osaka University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoAn Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mindrdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Masaru YONEHARA (Philosophy Tohoku University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoUtilitarianism and Rawlsrdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Shun SATO (Philosophy Tohoku University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoHusserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience in Transcendental Phenomenologyrdquo
Collaborative Research Session A
Chairman K Inoue Room205
1730 ndash 1740 Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoResearch Center for Electron Photon Science (Laboratory of Nuclear Science) Development of an
electro-magnetic calorimter made up of ceramic PrLuAG scintillatorrdquo
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 13
1740 ndash 1750 Yuri SHIMIZU (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoStudy of geo neutrinos with KamLANDrdquo
1750 ndash 1800 Sumio YAMADA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoGeometric Analysis on Einstein Equationrdquo
Collaborative Research Session B
Chairman H Yamamoto Room203
1730 ndash 1740 Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
ldquoStudy of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed matter in gravitational wave
astronomyrdquo
1745 ndash 1755 Yosuke TAKUBO (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoDevelopment of Readout Board for FPCCD Detectorrdquo
Collaborative Research Session C
Chairman T Ogawa Room204
1730 ndash 1840 Katsuhiko SATO (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoTheoretical formulation of morphology dynamics of membranes based on a combination of
mathematical models and differential geometryrdquo
1745 ndash 1755 Keita YOKOYAMA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoThe search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics from the logical and
philosophical point of viewrdquo
1820 ndash 2000 Banquet
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
14 |
Talks
Plenary Session
Talk-1 ldquoHalo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fanordquo
Indranil MAZUMDAR (Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research India)
Talk-2 ldquoMechanics of Stress Fibersrdquo
Philippe MARCQ (Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie Curie Institut Curie France)
Talk-3 ldquoRelativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters ndash Graphene and othersrdquo
Young-Woo SON (Physics KIAS Korea)
Talk-4 ldquoA Fresh Direction for Quantum Research What Might Entanglement Be Telling Usrdquo
Jenann ISMAEL (Philosophy University of Arizona USA and University of Sydney Australia)
Talk-5 ldquoCalabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structuresrdquo
Ryushi GOTO (Mathematics Osaka University Japan)
Talk-6 ldquoProbing the large scale structure in the Universe with CFHTLSrdquo
Jean COUPON (Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France)
Special Session
Talk-7 ldquoCovariant density functional theory for Nuclear structure and application in astrophysicsrdquo
Jie Meng (Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
Talk-8 ldquoControl of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism in ZnO based DMS rdquo
Huaizhe Xu (Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University China)
Parallel Session A ndash ParticleNuclearAstoro- Physics Group
Talk-9 ldquoGeneral WIMP search at International Linear Colliderrdquo
Masaki ASANO (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-10 ldquoPrimordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmologyrdquo
Kazunori KOHRI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 15
Talk-11 ldquoHiggsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breakingrdquo
Masafumi KURACHI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-12 ldquoMeasurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle angle phi3 at Belle
experimentrdquo
Yoshiyuki ONUKI (Particle Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-13 ldquoHypernuclear γ-ray spectroscopy at J-PARCrdquo
Takeshi KOIKE (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-14 ldquoSearch for the alpha cluster condensed state in 16
0rdquo
Masatoshi ITOH (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-15 ldquoA dipole anisotropy of galaxy distribution Does the CMB rest frame exist in the local
universerdquo
Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Talk-16 ldquoMOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies at the Star-Forming Epoch
of the Universerdquo
Tomohiro YOSHIKAWA (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Parallel Session B - Condensed Matter Group Nuclear Physics
Talk-17 ldquo Exciton effect of Raman resonance window of single wall carbon nanotubesrdquo
Jinsung PARK (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-18 ldquoProperties of response function of nonequilibrium steady staterdquo
Tatsuro YUGE (Condensed Matter Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-19 ldquoHyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCDrdquo
Hidekatsu NEMURA (Nuclear Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-20 ldquo From graphene to Z2 topological insulatorrdquo
Ken-Ichiro IMURA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-21 ldquoShear-induced phase separation of complex fluidsrdquo
Katsuhiko SATO (Condensed Matter Theory Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
16 |
Talk-22 ldquoCe 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum critical point
a resonant angle-resolved photoemission studyrdquo
Hojun IM (Condensed Matter Physics Hirosaki University)
Talk-23 ldquoSpin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of Rashba effect on semi-metal surfacerdquo
Seigo SOUMA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-24 ldquoMetal-contact effect on graphenerdquo
Ryo NOUCHI (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Parallel Session C - Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Talk-25 ldquoApplication of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem for damped wave
equation with non-convexityrdquo
Yoshihiro UEDA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-26 ldquoToric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systemsrdquo
Yuichi NOHARA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-27 ldquoSingular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of a Semilinear Parabolic Equationrdquo
Shota SATO (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-28 ldquoAround Homological Mirror Symmetryrdquo
Masahiro FUTAKI (Mathematics the University of Tokyo)
Talk-29 ldquoOn the heat equation in a half space with a nonlinear boundary conditionrdquo
Tatsuki KAWAKAMI (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-30 ldquoAn Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mindrdquo
Masahiko IGASHIRA (Frontier Biosciences Osaka University)
Talk-31 ldquoUtilitarianism and Rawlsrdquo
Masaru YONEHARA (Philosophy Tohoku University)
Talk-32 ldquoHusserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience in Transcendental
Phenomenologyrdquo
Shun SATO (Philosophy Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 17
Parallel Session ndash Collaborative Research
Talk-33 ldquoDevelopment of an electro-magnetic calorimter made up of ceramic PrLuAG scintillatorrdquo
Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-34 ldquoStudy of geo neutrinos with KamLANDrdquo
Yuri SHIMIZU (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-35 ldquoGeometric Analysis on Einstein Equationrdquo
Sumio YAMADA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-36 ldquoStudy of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed matter in gravitational
wave astronomyrdquo
Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Talk-37 ldquoDevelopment of Readout Board for FPCCD Detectorrdquo
Yosuke TAKUBO (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-38 ldquoTheoretical formulation of morphology dynamics of membranes based on a combination of
mathematical models and differential geometryrdquo
Katsuhiko SATO (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-39 ldquoThe search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics from the logical and
philosophical point of viewrdquo
Keita YOKOYAMA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
18 |
Poster presentations PO no Title Name
1 Coherent control of excited states by multipulse photo excitation
Kenta Abe (Physics D2 Tohoku Univ)
2 de Haas ndashvan Alphen effect studies in the Antiferro-Quadrupolar ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3
Toshiyuki Isshiki (Physics D3 Tohoku Univ)
3 Measurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum in the Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHC
Takumi Ito (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
4 In situ NMR imaging of lithium- ion batteries during chargedischarge cycle
Yoshiki Iwai (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
5 Crack propagation in largely deformed rubber sheet
Daiki Endo (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
6 Optical response of photonic crystal with multi-layered structure
Rihei Endo (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
7 Pseudo-spin Kondo effect in a capacitively-coupled parallel double quantum dot
Yuma OKAZAKI (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
8 Spin and charge dynamics in a photo-excited double exchange system
Yu Kanamori (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
9 Observation of 8B Solar Neutrinos with KamLAND
Yoshiaki Kibe (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
10 z~3 LYMAN BREAK GALAXY CLUSTER SURVEY IN SSA22 WITH VIMOS
Katsuki Kousai (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
11 EELS and SXES studies of electronic structures of Al-TM alloys
Shogo Koshiya (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
12 Comparison of membrane physical property changes between DMPC membrane and DMPE membrane induced by melittin
Atsuji Kodama (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
13 Resonant x-ray scattering experiment on Pr(Ru1-xRhx)4P12
Kotaro Saito (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
14 Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
15 Pressure dependence of B-T phase diagram in heavy-fermion superconductor CeRhSi3
Tetsuya Sugawara (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
16 Neutral meson photoproduction with electromagnetic calorimeter complex FOREST
Koutaku Suzuki (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
17 Micro-photoluminescence around spin phase transition of ν=23 fractional quantum Hall regime
Jun-ichiro Hayakawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 19
18 Ionic conductivity of Trehalose-Water-Lithium iodide mixture in glass and supercooled liquid state
Reiji Takekawa (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
19 Progress of the new DAQ system for wide-band solar neutrino observation with KamLAND
Takemoto Yasuhiro (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
20 Double Chooz PMT preparation
TABATA Hiroshi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
21 Effects of lanthanoid ion on phosphate head groups in DMPC membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures
Kouya Tamatsukuri (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
22 Status of double beta decay experiment with KamLAND
Azusa Terashima (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
23 Simulations on Dynamics of Wormlike Micellar System Using Particle-Field Hybrid Models
Masatoshi Toda (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
24 Magneto-dielectric phenomena in charge ordered system with frustrated geometrical lattice
Makoto Naka (PhysicsD2 Tohoku University)
25 Pi-mesonic decays of Λ hypernuclei
Yoji Nakagawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
26 Axionic Mirage Mediation
Shuntaro Nakamura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
27 The Study of the Origin of Lyman alpha Emitters with Large Equivalent Widths
Yuki Nakamura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
28 Ultrafast broadband THz response of photo-induced metallic state in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF )2I3
Hideki Nakaya (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
29 Ring-Exchange interaction in Orbital Degenerate System
Joji Nasu (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
30 Shape Memory Effect Induced by Magnetic-Field Rotation in MnV2O4 Spinel Compound
Yoichi Nii (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
31 The ω meson photoproduction on the nucleon in the threshold region
Ryo HASHIMOTO (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
32 Prototype fast imaging detector for YN-scattering
Ryotaro Honda (Physics M1Tohoku University)
33 Ground state phase diagram of graphene in a high Landau level A density matrix renormalization group study
Tatsuya Higashi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
34 Investigation of the n (K0) reaction near the threshold
KFutatsukawa (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
35 Traffic flow of two lanes with a bottleneck
Sho Furuhashi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
20 |
36 Staggered Order with Kondo and Crystalline Field Singlets in f2 System
Shintaro Hoshino (Physics D1Tohoku University)
37 Proton elastic scattering of 9C at 290 MeV
Yohei Matsuda (Physics Assistant professor Tohoku University)
38 High Resolution and High Statistics Λ Hypernuclear Spectroscopy by the (eersquoK+) Reaction
Akihiko Matsumura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
39 External Gamma-ray Backgrounds of the KamLAND Detector
Yukie Minekawa (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
40 Higgs Triplet Model
Yusuke Motoki (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
41 Electron diffraction study of the low temperature phase of Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16
Daisuke Morikawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
42 Light scattering by collective excitation of phonon in quantum paraelectrics
Ryuta Takano (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
43 Formation of the Milky Way Based on the Analysis of Kinematics and Chemical Abundance of the Outer Halo Stars
Miho Ishigaki (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
44 Searching for Luminous Core-Collapsed Supernovae in a High-z Proto-Cluster
Nana Morimoto (Astronomy D1 Tohoku University)
45 A Study of Light Curves from Rapidly Rotating Neutron Stars
Kazutoshi Numata (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
46 CMB Bispectrum from the Second-Order Cosmological Perturbations
Daisuke Nitta (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
47 General Properties of Non-Radial Pulsations
Aprilia (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
48 A Study on Mathematical Fuzzy Logic
Ahmad Termimi Bin Ab Ghani (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
49 Some space-time integrability estimates of the solution for heat equations in two dimension
Norisuke Ioku ( Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
50 Well-posedness for Navier-Stokes equations in modulation spaces with negative derivative indices
Tsukasa Iwabuchi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
51 The soul conjecture for Riemannian orbifolds
Naoki Oishi ( Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
52 A new approach to the existence of harmonic maps
Toshiaki Omori (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
53 Stability of the interface of a Hele-Shaw flow with two injection points
Michiaki Onodera (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 21
54 THE ISOMORPHISM BETWEEN MOTIVIC COHOMOLOGY ANDK-GROUPS FOR
EQUI-CHARACTERISTIC REGULAR LOCAL RINGS
Yuki Kato (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
55 Bifurcations in semilinear elliptic equations on thin domains
Toru Kan (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
56 ON THE CURVATURE OF THE PSEUDO-VOLUME FORM DEFINING THE CARATH_EODORY
MEASURE HYPERBOLICITY
Shin Kikuta (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
57 Goumldels Incompleteness Theorem Recursively Axiomatizable Theories and Medvedev Degrees of Unsolvability
Takayuki Kihara (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
58 Hypergeometric series on a p-adic field
Kensaku Kinjo (Mathematics D2 Tohoku Univercity)
59 On Hasse principle of purely transcendental extension field in one variable
Makoto Sakagaito (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
60 Large time behavior of solutions for system of nonlinear damped wave equations
Hiroshi Takeda (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
61 Non-abelian generalization of Iwasawa theory
Kazuaki Tajima (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
62 The quadratic subextension of the class field of a real quadratic field
Toshihide Doi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
63 Pattern formation by receptor-based models for regeneration experiments on Hydra
Madoka Nakayama (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
64 The computational methods of canonical heights on elliptic curve
Tadahisa Nara (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
65 Spatial branching process in random environment
Nishimori Yasuhito (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
66 On a periodic decomposition of meromorphic functions
Takanao Negishi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
67 Difficulties of solving problems
Kojiro Higuchi (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
68 Undecidability and weak theory of concatenation
Yoshihiro Horihata (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
69 Daviesrsquo Conjecture for Pseudo-Schroumldinger Operators and its Applications to Penalization Problem
Masakuni Matsuura (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
70 TORSION POINTS OF ABELIAN VARIETIES WITH VALUES IN INFINITE EXTENSION FIELDS
Yuken Miyasaka (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
71 Maximum principle for a biological model related to the motion of amoebae
Harunori Monobe (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
22 |
72 Asymptotic behavior of solutions to the drift-diffusion equation in the whole spaces
Masakazu Yamamoto (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
73 A study of the idea of systematic knowledge
On the relation between nature and spirit in the organizational view of nature
Fukuko Abe (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
74 Medical technology and surrogate decision-making
Haruka Hikasa (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
75 Humersquos empiricism and the experimental method of reasoning
Hiromichi Sugawara (Philosophy D1 Tohoku University)
76 Epistemic deference and transmission of knowledge
How should we (non-scientists) acquire warranted beliefs about scientific propositions
Mariko Nihei (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
77 The Finiteness of Human Beings and the Role of Technology
Ryozo Suzuki (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
78 What is ethically problematic in Biogenetics
Takuma Obara (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
79 The ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude
Tetsurou Yamashita (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
80 Risk uncertainty and the precautionary principle How to deal with scientific uncertainty
Yasuhiko Fujio (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
81 The mechanism of suppressed dynamical friction in a constant density core of dwarf galaxies
Shigeki Inoue (Astronomy D2 Tohoku University)
82
83
84
85
86
87
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 23
Abstracts of Talks
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
24 |
Plenary Session
Talk-1
Halo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fano
Indranil Mazumdar
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai 400 005 India
Abstract
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 25
Talk-02
Mechanics of stress fibers
Abstract
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
26 |
Talk-03
Relativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters - Graphene
and others
Young-Woo Son
Korea Institute for Advanced Study
Abstract
Over the last thirty years researchers from various disciplines have interested in the physical properties of
carbon allotropes Half a decade ago a new carbon crystal called graphene was isolated Graphene a hexagonal
lattice of carbon atoms in the two-dimension is a condensed matter realization of the relativistic two-dimensional
Dirac equation After the successful isolations graphene has shown a cornucopia of interesting new physical
phenomena with an exponentially increasing literature The subtle interplays between electronic magnetic optical
geometrical and chemical properties in graphene have offered knotty riddles in various experiments as well as
various theoretical predictions to be verified Beyond its pure scientific thrusts there have been interests in radical
alternatives made of graphene to the conventional electronic devices In this talk I will discuss my recent works as
well as recent progress made in this exciting and fast moving field
Talk-04
Fresh Directions for Quantum Research
What Might Entanglement Be Telling Us
Jenann Ismael
University of Arizona University of Sydney
Abstract
Following a suggestion of David Bohmrsquos I will explore the possibility that phenomena associated with
entanglement and complementarity in quantum mechanics intimate a fundamentally non-spatiotemporal ordering to
reality
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 27
Talk-05
Calabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structures
Ryushi Goto
Osaka University
Abstract
The problem of constructing complete Ricci-flat Einstein manifolds is important for both Physicists and
geometers When the manifolds are compact and Kahler the problem is completely answered by Calabi and Yau
While it is mysterious and difficult for non-compact Kahler manifolds In this talk I will discuss a construction of
Ricci-flat metrics on a class of non-compact Kahler manifolds whose boundary are the cone of the Einstein-Sasaki
manifolds Einstein-Sasaki manifolds are the odd dimensional Einstein manifolds and recently new examples of
irregulat Einstein-Sasaki manifolds are discovered I will show that all resolution of the cone of Einstein-Sasaki
manifolds admit complete Ricci-flat Kahler metrics in every Kahler class by solving the Monge-Ampere equation
Many examples of Ricci-flat Kahler metrics arise as the resolution of the cone
Talk-06
Probing the Large Scale Structure in the Universe with the CFHTLS
Jean Coupon
Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France Tohoku University
Abstract
This talk focuses on the present and ongoing results of the Canada-France-Hawaii Legacy Survey (CFHTLS)
Recent progresses in observational cosmology have put tight constraints on the Standard Cosmological Model but
Dark Matter and Dark Energy remain the main unsolved questions By measuring the matter power spectrum in the
Universe one is able to study the properties and evolution of the Dark content I will present two complementary
methods among the most powerful ones to explore the large scale structure in the Universe First is the probe of the
total amount of matter through weak gravitational lensing (cosmic shear) and second is the study of galaxy
clustering in the framework of the Dark Matter halo model In addition considering that photometric redshifts are
solely capable to be measured for millions of galaxies I will demonstrate why they are essential to modern
cosmology and how to estimate precise values I will explain why the CFHTLS is best suited for these kinds of
analysis and I will show the most recent results Although cosmic shear probes are a very promising tool I will
explain why it is also challenging In particular I will emphasize some of the problems faced by observers
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
28 |
Special Session
Talk-07
COVARIANT DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY FOR NUCLEAR
STRUCTURE AND APPLICATION IN ASTROPHYSICS
J Meng
School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering Beihang University
Beijing 100191 China
The covariant density functional theory (DFT) with a minimal number of parameters allows a very successful
phenomenological description of ground state properties of nuclei all over the periodic table Recent progresses on
the application of the covariant density functional theory as well as its extensions by the group in Beijing for a
series of interests and hot topics in nuclear astrophysics and nuclear structure are reviewed including the rapid
neutron-capture process ThU chronometer halo and giant halo in density dependent relativistic
Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov and neutron halo in deformed nuclei
Talk-08
Control of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism
in ZnO based DMS
Huaizhe Xu
Department of Physics Beihang University Beijing 100191 P R China
Diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) have attracted growing interest because of their rich physics and
potential for new device applications in the field of spintronics However a basic requirement for practical
applications of ferromagnetic DMS is the achievement of Curie temperatures TC well exceeding room temperature
Based on the mean field theory Dietl et al had predicted that transition-metal doped ZnO might be one of the most
prospective candidates for realizing room-temperature DMS which had stimulated a great of interesting on the
ZnO based DMS However as the evidences for both intrinsic and the extrinsic ferromagnetism of Zn1-xCoxO have
been experimentally observed the origin of the ferromagnetism was in intensive dispute In order to clear the
confusions on the structure and the ferromagnetic origin of Zn1-xCoxO we have systemically investigated the
structure and the ferromagnetism of the Zn1-xCoxO nanocrystals Our experimental results indicate that
bull The Co doping concentration in ZnO nanocrystals is only 5 The Co distribution in the nanocrystals is
inhomogeneous for the self-purification mechanism
bull The ferromagnetism of Zn095Co005O has great variations via different post-annealing treatment (O2 Ar
and H2 respectively)The variations of ferromagnetism owing to increase of Vorsquos and the formation of
Co-H-Co stable structures
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 29
bull P-type doping can improve the magnetic coupling between Co ions which is supported by the BMPs
model
bull The inhomogeneous distribution of TM may be the main reason of the current controversy in experimental
results on many of the highly crystallized DMS It should be seriously taken into account in future DMSs
study
Reference
[1] Jianjun Li Weichang Hao Huaizhe Xu et al Journal of Applied Physics 2009 106 063915
[2] Jianjun Li Weichang Hao Huaizhe Xu et al Journal of Applied Physics 2009 105 053907
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
30 |
Parallel Session A (ParticleAstronomy)
Talk-09
General WIMP search at International Linear Collider
Masaki Asano
Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Existence of dark matter in our universe has already been established by recent cosmological observation such
as the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe experiment The most plausible candidate for dark matter is a
Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) Models of the physics beyond the standard model contain a
candidate for WIMP dark matter other new particles (eg charged heavy particle X^-) and new vertices (eg
(WIMP X^- W^+)) We study the process e^+ e^- X^+ X^- WIMP W+ WIMP W^- in order to distinguish
the dark matter nature in the International Linear Collider (ILC) From the study of this process new particle
masses and parameters can be determined very accurately In particular angular distributions are the powerful
probe to investigate the spin of new particles In this study we consider candidates for WIMPs in the
supersymmetric model the little Higgs model and the inert doublet model We investigate the sensitivity of the
measurements to dark matter nature at the ILC based on a realistic Monte Carlo simulation
Talk-10
Primordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmology
Kazunori Kohri
Physics Assistant Tohoku University
Abstract
When we study phenomena occurred at the beginning of the Universe we have to have a birds-eye nature-view for
the hierarchy of physics and employ all connected fields in physics such as particle physics nuclear physics
general relativity astrophysics and cosmology Thus the GCOE program in Tohoku University should be perfect for
us to accomplish this purpose
So far we have confirmed that the standard big-bang cosmology can describe the Universe correctly as far back as
the cosmic time is one second at which big-bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) starts because theoretical predictions of
light element abundances in BBN completely agree with observations Therefore that epoch is the earliest one
after which we understand the Universe by using theoretical physics
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 31
On the other hand in modern particle physics beyond the standard model variety of new phenomena are predicted
in earlier epochs We can check if those new theories are consistent with observations by comparing light element
abundances predicted in each theory with observational data since these new theories easily affect the light element
abundances Thus BBN can verify those hypothetical theories and probe the earlier Universe
In this talk I would like to discuss recent topics in particle cosmology which relates with verifications of new
theories such as supersymmety (SUSY)
Talk-11
Higgsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breaking
Masafumi Kurachi
Physics Assistant Professor Tohoku University
Abstract
It is known that masses of elementary particles are explained by the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the
electroweak symmetry however the origin of the electroweak symmetry breaking has not been identified so far In
the Standard Model of the elementary particles the spontaneous electroweak symmetry breaking is achieved by
introducing an as yet undiscovered scalar particle (Higgs particle) and letting them have the vacuum expectation
value It is true that the Standard Model with Higgs particle is consistent with numerous numbers of experiments
which have been done so far however Higgs sector of the Standard Model itself has several theoretical problems
One of the most serious problem is the hierarchy problem which originates from the fact that the mass of the scalar
particle is not protected by the symmetry in the Standard Model Because of this many models beyondalternative
to the Standard Model has been proposed In this talk Id like to introduce a Higgsless model as an example of such
models which tries to cure the problem in the Standard Model In the Higgsless model because the Higgs particle is
removed from the Standard Model there is no hierarchy problem from the beginning As a possible new particle
which appears at a TeV scale vector meson is introduced in the model I will explain how to write down the
Lagrangian which describe this situation namely Standard Model - Higgs + vector resonance
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
32 |
Talk-12
Measurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle
angle phi3 at Belle experiment
Yoshiyuki Onuki
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Within the standard model CP violation arises due to a single phase in Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM)
quark mixing matrix Precise measurements of CKM matrix parameters therefore constrain the standard model
and may reveal new source of CP violation Various methods have been proposed to determine the unitarity triangle
angle phi3 of the CKM matrix with B-gtDX decay modes where X represents one or more light mesons In this talk
current experimental status and future prospects of phi3 measurements at Belle experiment will be summarized
Talk-13
Hypernuclear g-ray spectroscopy at J-PARC
Takeshi Koike
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Ordinary matter around us is made of at a subatomic level protons and neutrons However inside of a neutron star
there is a possibility that a matter made of strange particles as well exists These strange particles are called as
hyperons which distinguish themselves from protons and neutrons in having a strange quark or a strange quantum
number A nucleus with a hyperon(s) is then called a hypernucleus Studies of hypernucleus provide us with more
general and unified understanding of nuclear force which is one of the four fundamental forces of nature know to
mankind
Hypernuclei on Earth have artificially been created using particle beams provided by accelerators and been
actively studied experimentally The ongoing experimental efforts have entered a new phase with a commissioning
of an intense proton accelerator J-PARC in Tokai Japan since 2009 One of the main experiments that is planed
and prepared at the J-PARC facility is an ultra precise investigation of structures of various hypenuclei via the
gamma-ray spectroscopy using an array of high purity Germanium detector named as Hyperball-J
In this presentation the present status of Hyperball-J now being constructed will be reported as well as main
physics themes that the experiment strives to reveal
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 33
Talk-14
Search for the alpha condensed state in 16
O
Masatoshi Itoh
Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
34 |
Talk-15
A Dipole Anisotropy of Galaxy Distribution
Does the CMB Rest Frame Exist in the Local Universe
Yousuke Itoh
Astronomy Tohoku University
Abstract
The peculiar motion of the Earth causes a dipole anisotropy modulation in the distant galaxy distribution due to
the aberration effect However the amplitude and angular direction of the effect is not necessarily the same as those
of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) dipole anisotropy due to the growth of cosmic structures In other
words exploring the aberration effect may give us a clue to the horizon-scale physics perhaps related to the cosmic
acceleration In this paper we develop a method to explore the dipole angular modulation from the pixelized galaxy
data on the sky properly taking into account the covariances due to the shot noise and the intrinsic galaxy clustering
contamination as well as the partial sky coverage We applied the method to the galaxy catalogs constructed from
the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 6 data After constructing the four galaxy catalogs that are
different in the ranges of magnitudes and photometric redshifts we found that the two samples of fainter
magnitudes indicate a non-zero dipole anisotropy with amplitudes greater than that of the CMB dipole by a factor
10 and in the angular direction consistent with the CMB direction although the dipole signal is weaker for the other
two samples and is found sensitive to an inclusion of the Southern Galactic Hemisphere region The indicated
bulk-flow amplitude is also not inconsistent with the result implied from a stacked analysis of the kinetic
Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect of X-ray luminous clusters in Kashlinsky et al (20082009) Finally we argue that an
almost full-sky galaxy survey such as LSST may allow for a significant detection of the aberration effect of the
CMB dipole having the precision of constraining the angular direction to ~ 20 degrees in radius
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 35
Talk-16
MOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies
at the Star-Forming Epoch of the Universe
Tomohiro Yoshikawa
Astronomy Tohoku University
Abstract
Recent studies revealed that a significant fraction of stars in the present-day galaxies were formed when the age
of the universe was about a half of the present about a half of the stellar mass in the present universe is formed
during the several Gyrs In order to understand the buildup of stellar mass in galaxies at this epoch it is crucial to
examine the relationship of star formation rate (SFR) to stellar mass However fluxes from distant universe are
redshifted due to the expansion of the universe so that optical fluxes in rest-frame which provide stellar masses
and SFRs of galaxies are redshifted to near-infrared wavelengths
In this talk we present the results of near-infrared multi-object spectroscopic observations for 37 star-forming
galaxies at the high-redshift universe The observations are conducted with Multi-Object InfraRed Camera and
Spectrograph (MOIRCS) on the Subaru Telescope The sample is drawn from the Ks-band (22μm) selected
catalog of the MOIRCS Deep Survey (MODS) in the GOODS-N region To preferentially select actively
star-forming galaxies we put higher priority on the galaxies identified in the publicly available 24μm-source
catalog of the Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer (MIPS)
Hα emission lines were detected from 23 galaxies of which the median redshift is 212 We derived the SFRs
from extinction-corrected Hα luminosities and compared them with stellar masses estimated by SED fitting using
multi-band photometric data covering across UV and near-infrared wavelengths The comparison shows no
correlation between SFR and stellar mass Some galaxies with stellar mass smaller than ~1010
M show SFR
higher than ~100 M yr-1
The specific SFRs (SFR per unit stellar mass SSFRs) of these galaxies are remarkably
high galaxies which have SSFR higher than ~10-8
yr-1
are found in 8 of the present sample The large SFR
implies the possibility that the high SSFR galaxies significantly contribute to the cosmic SFR density of the
universe at z~2 We discuss the star-forming properties of the high SSFR galaxies
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
36 |
Parallel Session B (Condensed MatterNuclear)
Talk-17
Exciton effect of the Raman resonance window of
single wall carbon nanotubes
Jin Sung Park
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
In the Raman excitation profile (RRP) that is Raman intensity as functions of excitation energy an important
parameter for evaluating the population of SWNTs is the Raman resonance window which is defined by an
energy full width at half maximum in the RRP In quantum mechanics is obtained by the uncertainty relation for
the lifetime of the exciton A dominant origin of the lifetime of the exciton in the Raman scattering process is an
inelastic scattering by emitting or absorbing phonons In the previous paper we have calculated the carrier lifetime
by considering electron-phonon interaction and the Fermi golden rule [1] In the case of semicondcuting (S-)
SWNT the calculated values are in a good agreement with the experiment However some deviation between
calculation and experiment appears in a different way for type I and II S-SWNTs in which type I and II S-SWNTs
are defined respectively by [mod(2n+m3)=1] and [mod(2n+m3)=2] for a (nm) SWNT In fact the experimental
values for the type I S-SWNTs are smaller than the calculated ones while those for the type II S-SWNTs are larger
than the calculated one A possible reason for this deviation might come from the exciton effect which we did not
consider in the previous calculation For improving the deviation we calculate the value by considering
exciton-phonon interaction The exciton-phonon matrix element for the electron scattering process can be obtained
by the electron-phonon matrix element weighted by the exciton wave function coefficient [2] which depends on the
chiral angle and diameter In the previous calculation [2] we use a simple tight binding wavefunction for
exciton-phonon interaction but recently the exciton-phonon interaction is calculated by extended tight binding
method We will report the new calculated values and compare with the recent precise measurement by single
nanotube spectroscopy
Reference
1) J S Park et al Phys Rev B 74 165414 (2006)
2) J Jiang et al Phys Rev B 75 035405 (2007)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 37
Talk-18
Properties of response function of nonequilibrium steady state
Tatsuro YUGE
IIAIR Tohoku University
Abstract
Response to an external probe provides various information of a system and is one of the most important
characterizations of it In this talk we consider general properties of linear response functions of nonequilibrium
steady states We derive a microscopic expression of a linear response function for a deterministic model which
covers a wide range of nonequilibrium systems Using the expression we show sum rules and asymptotic behaviors
of it We demonstrate the properties by a molecular dynamics simulation of a numerical model We also discuss the
validity of the properties in a stochastic model
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
38 |
Talk-19
Hyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCD
Hidekatsu Nemura
Department of Physics Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 39
Talk-20
From graphene to Z2 topological insulator
Ken-Ichiro Imura
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
A topological insulator has a remarkable property of being metallic on the surface albeit insulating in the bulk
Recently much focus is on a specific type of topological insulators which is said to be Z2-nontrivial and realized as
a consequence of interplay between spin-orbit coupling and a band structure with effective relativistic dispersion
(electrons satisfy a Dirac equation) Such systems are invariant under time reversal and shows Kramers degeneracy
Graphene is a two-dimensional (2D) implementation of such Dirac electron system which also realizes a
prototype [1] of Z2 topological insulator in the presence of intrinsic and extrinsic (Rashba) spin-orbit interactions
Recently we were able characterize specific localization properties of this system in the presence of weak disorder
and under doping [2] We have shown in particular that localization symmetry class is determined by the parity of
the total number Ns of ldquoactivatedrdquo effective spins in the system Our diagnosis provides a contemporary version of
the weak localization theory
The correspondence between the physics of bulk and of the edge highlights the physics of a topological insulator
[3] To demonstrate we make a close comparison between the continuum Dirac theory and the square lattice
tight-binding model [4] for a Z2-topological insulator in 2D It is naturally shown that not only explicit but also
hidden Dirac cones in the high-energy spectrum contribute to and ensure the integral quantization of spin Hall
conductance The nature of gapless edge modes in the lattice model under different (straight vs zigzag) boundary
conditions is extensively studied We demonstrate that the edge modes of a Z2-topological insulator are susceptible
of various finite size effects in comparison with chiral edge modes of quantum Hall insulator By comparing the
behavior of gapless edge modes in real and momentum spaces we show that localizability of edge mode is
intricately related to level crossings due to projection of 2D bulk spectrum onto the 1D edge
[1] CL Kane and EJ Mele Phys Rev Lett 95 146802 (2005) ibid 226801
[2] K-I Imura Y Kuramoto and K Nomura arXiv09041676 Europhys Lett in press arXiv09075051 Phys
Rev B 80 085119 (2009)
[3] K-I Imura A Yamakage A Hotta and Y Kuramoto in preparation
[4] BA Bernevig TL Hughes and S-C Zhang Science 314 1757 (2006)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
40 |
Talk-21
Shearinduced phase separation of complex fluids
Katsuhiko Sato1)
Xue-Feng Yuan2)
and Toshihiro Kawakatsu1)
1)
Department of Physics Tohoku University Japan 2)
School of Chemical Engineering and
Analytical Science University of Manchester UK
Abstract
It is well known that complex fluids such as wormlike micellar solutions exhibit shear-induced phase separations
called shear banding [1] In such a situation the system spatially separates into two regions having high and
low shear rate values with a common shear stress The phenomenon has fascinated many investigators and has been
aggressively investigated both experimentally and theoretically
One of the most striking features of that phenomenon is that its behaviors are quite similar to those of
thermodynamic phase transitions such as liquid-vapor phase transitions despite that it is a non-equilibrium
phenomenon Examples of the similarities are (i) the appearance of a shear stress plateau in the stress-strain rate
curve (note the similarity with isotherms in the p-V plane in the liquid-vapor transition system) (ii) the
independence of the plateau value on the flow history and (iii) the existence of metastable states Although the
analogy between shear banding and thermodynamic phase transitions have been pointed out by many investigators
almost no solid theoretical explanation for these similarities has been presented up to now
Recently we have succeeded in solving this problem [2] ie we have answered to the question ldquoWhy does shear
banding behave like first order phase transitionsrdquo or ldquoCan we describe shear banding in terms of a potential just
like in the case of thermodynamic phase transitionsrdquo Starting from a mechanical constitutive model describing
shear banding which does not have any explicit thermodynamic potential we derive a quantity corresponding to
thermodynamic potentials by applying a reduction method based on the center manifold theory [3] to the governing
equation of the model The reduction method we have taken there is a general one so we can apply this method to
other constitutive models describing shear banding and there is a possibility that we reach some universality In this
talk we provide a brief review on shear banding and explain the details of our theoretical work
[1] H Rehage H Hoffmann Mol Phys 74 933 (1991)
[2] K Sato X-F Yuan T Kawakatsu Eur Phys J E in press
[3] H Mori Y Kuramoto Dissipative Structures and Chaos (Springer-Verlag Berlin 1998)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 41
Talk-22
Ce 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum
critical point a resonant angle-resolved photoemission study
Hojun IM Department of Advanced Physics Hirosaki Univerisy
Abstract
We report the systematic angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) studies of Ce-based heavy fermion compounds
CeNi1-xCoxGe2 whose ground states are change from antiferromagnetic to non-magnetic heavy fermion via
quantum critical point (QCP) Recently it was clearly observed that the Kondo resonance (KR) peaks (Ce 4f1 state)
are dispersed from above the Fermi-level (EF) and cross EF forming the diamond-shaped Fermi-surface (FS) in
non-magnetic heavy-fermion system CeCoGe08Si12 [1] The systematic Ce 4d-4f resonant ARPES studies of
CeNi1-xCoxGe2 reveal that such momentum-dependence of KR peaks exists across QCP indicating the itinerant
character of f-electrons in agreement with the results of angle-integrated photoelectron spectroscopy [2]
References
[1] H J Im et al Phys Rev Lett 100 176402 (2008)
[2] H J Im et al Phys Rev B 72 220405 (2005)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
42 |
Talk-23
Spin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of
Rashba effect on semi-metal surface
Seigo Souma
WPI-AIMR Tohoku University
Abstract
Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is known as a powerful technique to investigate the fine
electronic structure relevant to the intriguing physical phenomena in solids such as superconductivity heavy
fermions metal-insulator transition and so on This technique yet has suffered from two inherent problems
originating in the principle of PES itself namely (1) the high surface sensitivity and (2) the difficulty in resolving
the spin polarization of electrons To overcome those problems we have constructed an ultrahigh resolution
photoemission spectrometer equipped with a newly developed xenon-plasma discharge lamp and a mini-Mott
detector The xenon-plasma discharge lamp provides several intense resonance lines from xenon plasma in the
energy range of 8-11 eV which is enough to achieve high bulk-sensitivity Combined with a large hemispherical
energy analyzer and a spherical concaved grating we achieved high energy resolution less than 1 meV as a total
system in the spin-integrated mode We also have developed a compact Mott spin detector operating at 25 kV and
adapted it to the large hemispherical electron energy analyzer through an electron deflector lens We have
redesigned the analyzer and mounted the entrance of the deflector lens at a location close to the f40mm
microchannel plate (MCP) This enables the observation of electron energy and momentum by the MCP with
comparable quality to modern electron analyzers simultaneously to the electron spin measurement by the Mott
detector
In this talk we present spin-resolved ARPES experiments on group-V semimetal surfaces By using merit of
the newly developed photoemission spectrometer we clearly observed spin-splitting of energy band caused by
strong spin-orbit interaction enhanced in surface state (surface Rashba effect) which would be an essential
ingredients to design a new functional spintronics devices
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 43
Talk-24
Metal-contact effect on graphene
Ryo Nouchi
WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University
Abstract
Graphene one-atom-thick carbon sheet with a honeycomb structure have been attracting incredible attention for
its unique physical properties [1] This material shows an extraordinary high charge carrier mobility of higher than
200000 cm2 V
-1 s
-1 [2] and is considered to be a major candidate for a future high-speed transistor material In
addition graphene has shown its ability to transport charge carriers with spin conservation even at room
temperature and is regarded as a pivotal material for spintronics applications [3] In order to construct electronic
devices such as field-effect transistors (FETs) metallic materials should make a contact with the graphene layers as
is schematically shown in Fig 1 Resultant graphene-metal contacts are considered to affect device properties in a
similar way that metal-semiconductor interfaces govern the operation of conventional electronic devices through
formation of Schottkyohmic contacts In the case of metal-graphene interfaces carriers are expected to be doped
from the metal [4] and a pinning of the potential of graphene was found to occur at the contacts [5]
In this talk experimental investigations by means of a FET structure are presented Figure 2 displays typical
transfer (drain current versus gate voltage) characteristics of a graphene FET The gate voltage with a minimum
drain current can be indicative of carrier doping from the electrodes The overall shape of the characteristics
enables us to examine the potential pinning effect a simple simulation shows that distorted characteristics observed
with ferromagnetic contacts [6] is attributable to the absence of the potential pinning
[1] A H Castro Neto F Guinea N M R Peres K S Novoselov and A K Geim Rev Mod Phys 81 109
(2009)
[2] K I Bolotin K J Sikes Z Jiang M Klima G Fudenberg J Hone P Kim and H L Stormer Solid State
Comm 146 351 (2008)
[3] M Ohishi M Shiraishi R Nouchi T Nozaki T Shinjo and Y Suzuki Jpn J Appl Phys 46 L605 (2007)
[4] G Giovannetti P A Khomyakov G Brocks V M Karpan J van den Brink and P J Kelly Phys Rev Lett
101 026803 (2008)
[5] E J H Lee K Balasubramanian R T Weitz M Burghard and K Kern Nat nanotechnol 3 486 (2008)
[6] R Nouchi M Shiraishi and Y Suzuki Appl Phys Lett 93 152104 (2008)
Fig1 Schematic diagram of a graphene FET
SiO2
Highly-doped Si
Gate Voltage
Drain current
Drain voltage
A
Graphene
Metal contact
Fig2 Typical transfer characteristics
of a graphene FET
100806040200
Dra
in c
urr
ent (
mA
)
-40 0 40Gate voltage (V)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
44 |
Parallel Session C (MathematicsPhilosophy)
Talk-25
Application of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem
for damped wave equation with non-convexity
Yoshihiro Ueda
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
We consider the initial-boundary value problem for damped wave equations with a nonlinear convection term in
the half line In the case where the flux is convex it is shown that the solution tends to the corresponding stationary
wave In this talk we show that even for a quite wide class of flux functions which are not necessarily convex such
the stationary wave is asymptotically stable The proof is given by a technical $L^2$-weighted energy method and
an anti-derivative method
Talk-26
Toric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systems
Yuichi Nohara
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
A completely integrable system on a symplectic manifold of dimension 2n is a set of n functions which are
functionally independent and Poisson commuting A typical example is a moment map of a torus action on a toric
variety A completely integrable system gives a structure of foliation by Lagrangian submanifolds and this plays
an important role in mirror symmetry which is a duality in string theory (mathematically it is formulated as a duality
between symplectic geometry and complex geometry) For example mirror partners of toric varieties can be
constructed by using the moment maps
The Gelfand-Cetlin system is a completely integrable system on a complex flag manifold It is known that the flag
manifold has a degeneration into a (singular) toric variety We show that the Glefand-Cetlin system can be deformed
into a moment map of a torus action on the toric variety We also discuss some applications This talk is based on a
joint work with T Nishinou and K Ueda
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 45
Talk-27
Singular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of
a Semilinear Parabolic Equation
Shota Sato
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
We study the Cauchy problem for a semilinear parabolic equation Our concern is the existence of a singular
solution whose singularity becomes anomalous in finite time First we study the structure of singular radial
solutions for an equation derived by backward self-similar variables Using this we obtain a singular backward
self-similar solution whose singularity becomes stronger or weaker than that of a singular steady state This talk is a
joint work with E Yanagida
Talk-28
Around Homological Mirror Symmetry
Masahiro Futaki
Mathematics University of Tokyo
Abstract
Homological Mirror Symmetry (HMS for short) is a duality between complex and symplectic geometries
originally found by Maxim Kontsevich in 1994 In this talk we introduce a variant of HMS in the context of mirror
symmetry between Fano variety and Laudau-Ginzburg model and investigate some examples
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
46 |
Talk-29
On the heat equation in a half space with
a nonlinear boundary condition
Tatsuki Kawakami
Mathematics Tohoku University
Talk-30
An Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mind
Masahiko Igashira
Frontier Biosciences Osaka University
Abstract
At Osaka University we attempt to establish an interdisciplinary research area titled Cognitive Neuroscience
Robotics by closely integrating research on robotics cognitive science and neuroscience while aiming at the
creation of a new paradigm for understanding the human being and the realization of new interfaces for relieving
brain overload in the usage of highly-complicated IRT systems
In this program philosophers are engaged in the following two themes Firstly to suggest efficient methods for
creating a new paradigm from the view point of a philosophy of science while at the same time refining existing
theories within philosophy of science by examining whether these theories sufficiently contribute to our
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 47
understanding of the generating processes of new research areas Secondly philosophers approach the question of
whether the robot which can hardly be distinguished from real humans which might be produced in the future of
Cognitive Neuroscience Robotics should be recognized as having a MIND or RIGHTS
In this presentation basic conceptions and activities with regard to the second question will be discussed
Furthermore a method for approaching the complex problem of how to understand the MIND in the physical
world will be developed
Talk-31
Utilitarianism and Rawls
Masaru Yonehara
Philosophy Tohoku University
Abstract
John Rawls one of the most important political philosophers of the 20th century is a critic of utilitarianism In
utilitarianism an action is right if and only if it brings about the greatest balance of happiness over unhappiness for
everyone affected by the action otherwise it is wrong Rawls asserts that if slavery or some other system of
extreme social and economic inequalities can produce a greater balance of happiness over unhappiness than any
alternative utilitarianism condones or even commands these institutions which we normally consider quite unjust
According to Rawls his ldquotwo principles of justicerdquo condemn these unjust institutions However this criticism
against utilitarianism is incorrect And I argue that Rawlsrsquos theory has a fatal flaw his theory cannot provide good
reasons why immoral actions against the disabled are impermissible Hence the purpose of my presentation is to
demonstrate that utilitarianism can provide such reasons
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
48 |
Talk-32
Husserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience
in Transcendental Phenomenology
Shun Sato
Philosophy Tohoku University
Abstract
In this presentation I investigate a possible interpretation of Husserls phenomenological theory of perceptual
experience as a disjunctive one My study consists of four sections In sections 1 and 2 I characterize disjunctivism
as a position representing a resistance against what appears to be historically more or less orthodoxy presenting
what has been described as an argument from hallucination for this traditional view This form of argument seems
to compel us to acknowledge that our experience at large is a common factor to perception and hallucination and
therefore that our experience does not intrinsically reach worldly objects According to disjunctivists this seeming
is not the real They tell us that we have either experience if it is veridical which involves a worldly object or
experience which does not if it is not veridical hence we do not always have an intrinsically falling-short-of-world
experience They argue that we perceive in a veridical case an object which is a constituent of a real world as is
suggested they usually speak in defense of direct realism In section 3 I try to show that Husserls transcendental
idealism is not incompatible with direct realistic theory of perception looking into his conception of perceptual
intentionality evidence (or reason) and reality In the final section I take up an interpretation of Husserls view
about experience as disjunctivism provided by A D Smith to which I add my own view Finally I suggest that
Husserls disjunctivism should better be characterized as a form of epistemological disjunctivism
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 49
Parallel Session - Collaborative Research
Talk-33
Development of an electro-magnetic calorimeter made up of
ceramic PrLuAG scintillator
Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics)
Research Center for Electron and Photon Science (Laboratory of Nuclear Science)
Abstract
Quarks are fundamental building blocks of matter and they unite to configure composite particles called
hadrons Experimentally observed hadrons before 2003 can be understood as a composite of three quarks (baryons)
or that of a quark and an anti-quark (mesons) Study of exotic hadrons which are not classified as baryons or
mesons has been a subject of great interest in nuclear physics after a narrow S=1 baryon resonance (Θ+) was
observed at SPring-8LEPS for the first time The Θ+ can be a member of anti-decuplet penta-quark baryons (four
quarks and an anti-quark) with the lowest mass
After the LEPS experiment both the positive and negative results have been reported by many other facilities
Searching for other members is important to establish the penta-quark picture A narrow bump is observed at our
facility in the excitation function for η photo-production on the neutron near E~1 GeV It would be attributed to a
member of anti-decuplet baryons with hidden strangeness since no signature corresponding to this bump is
observed in η photo-production on the proton To investigate this bump precisely an electro-magnetic (EM)
calorimeter with a large solid angle and with a high energy resolution is required since the η meson is identified by
detecting two photons from its decay
A praseodymium doped lutetium aluminum garnet Lu3Al5O12 (PrLuAG) is an excellent scintillator for EM
calorimeters utilized in nuclear and particle physics It has good characteristics such as good energy resolution fast
response a short radiation length and no hygroscopicity At this moment its large single crystal cannot be
manufactured which may be used as a module for an EM calorimeter Recently a ceramic PrLuAG scintillator has
been developed by Prof Yoshikawa and Prof Yanagita in Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced
Materials Tohoku University The ceramic one is expected to be manufactured in a desired shape and to be much
cheaper than the single crystal In this talk the current status of preparing a ceramic PrLuAG scintillator dedicated
to an EM calorimeter is discussed
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
50 |
Talk-34
Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Abstract
Anti-neutrinos travel from the Earthrsquos interior due to beta decays of mainly three isotopes 238
U 232
Th and 40
K
The study of geo-neutrinos was performed using 207659-day data taken with KamLAND which is the
anti-neutrino detector contained 1000 tons of liquid scintillator (LS) The data includes 58603-day data since the
LS purification was started
The LS purification is distillation and N2 purge for LS and was performed to reduce low energy backgrounds
such as 85
Kr 210
Bi and 210
Po These isotopes were reduced by ~ 185000 ~ 12100 and ~ 116 respectively While
the LS purification reduced backgrounds it caused the decrease of light yield by ~ 20 and following the deviation
of the position and time dependence Energy and its deviation are corrected using calibration and spallation data
before the geo-neutrino analysis
Anti-neutrinos are extracted from data using the likelihood selection based on the probability density function of
anti-neutrinos and accidental backgrounds depending on those rate to use low energy region and outer volume with
many accidental backgrounds
The main backgrounds for geo-neutrinos are reactor neutrinos and 13
C(alpha n)16
O reaction The latter is
reduced by ~ 116 after the LS purification due to the reduction of the main alpha source 210
Po
The expected number of geo-neutrinos is calculated using the reference Earth model based on seismology
petrology and the BSE model It is 976 events The Rate + Shape + Time analysis was performed using these
results The best-fit of geo-neutrinos does not conflict with the expectation The accuracy of measurement was
significantly improved from the last official result Zero geo-neutrinos are excluded at over 3 sigma CL That is
the first evidence of geo-neutrinos The fully-radiogenic models of 44 TW or 31 TW were also restricted for the
first time
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 51
Talk-35
Geometric Analysis on Einstein Equation
Sumio Yamada
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
The Einstein equation states that the spacetime we live in is Ricci-flat (vacuum case) namely it is flat in the
sense that the Ricci curvature tensor of the spacetime as a Lorentzian manifold vanishes If it is simply flat then
the space becomes trivial namely the spacetime is isometric to the Minkowski space The Ricci-flatness on the
other hand allows much freedom in determining the shape of the spacetime The degree of freedom is manifest in
the nonlinearity of the Einstein equation whose structure as a system of fully nonlinear partial differential
equations has discouraged mathematicians and physicists alike for many years
In this talk we will present several aspects of current research which are different approaches to the task of
understanding the Einstein equation The first one is from the viewpoint of three dimensional Riemannian
geometry where the threefold represents the space obtained by fixing ldquotimerdquo in the spacetime The second comes
from analyzing the Einstein equation as an evolution equation of the threefold a sort of deformation theory over
time The third approach is to formulate exact solutions of the Einstein equation which often contains
singularities the ldquoblackholesrdquo
The complete understanding of the Einstein equation still remains elusive those systematic approaches have
proved to be productive in mathematics as well as theoretical physics so that there are many beautiful theories born
out of the investigations
Talk-36
Study of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed
Study matter in gravitational wave astronomy
Yousuke Itoh
Astronomical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
Among the known four forces gravity is the most weak interaction As a result it is expected that gravitational
wave astronomy will enables us to explore the new aspects of the universe which are hidden for electromagnetic and
neutrino astronomers Those include the early universe beyond the redshift ~ 1000 (the last scattering surface of the
cosmic microwave background) and properties of matter inside highly compact stars In this talk I will briefly review
the gravitational wave theory how we detect it the current status of the world-wide efforts for gravitational wave
detection and then talk about our research efforts
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
52 |
Talk-37
Development of Readout Board for FPCCD Detector
Yosuke Takubo
Department of physics Tohoku University
Abstract
FPCCD (Fine Pixel CCD) is a CCD detector whose pixel size is 5 x 5 μm2 and thickness of the sensitive layer
is 15 μm The sensitive layer of FPCCD is fully depleted to suppress the diffusion in the epitaxial layer and it
realizes good hit separation capability It is considered to use FPCCD for the high energy physics material science
and astronomy since the small pixel size realizes the excellent position resolution To establish the technology we
developed the test sample of FPCCD in 2008 whose pixel size is 12 x 12 μm2 The pixel size will be make smaller
to 6 x 6 μm2 in the second test sample in 2010 We also developed prototype of the readout ASIC to operate and
readout FPCCD
Together with the FPCCD sensor and readout ASIC development of the readout system is important issue
There are some requirements to the readout system due to characteristics of the FPCCD The readout speed must be
above 10 Mpixsec for one readout channel to read all the pixels The readout board must have ability of the data
processing like zero-suppression to reduce data sent to PC The data transfer rate to PC should be about 1 Gbps
We developed prototype of the readout board for FPCCD in 2009 The readout board is designed as
KEK-VME9U module The LVDS input and output is prepared to treat 16 x 4 channels Since a FPGA (Field
Programmable Gate Array) is equipped on the board logic for data processing could be easily modified The data
transfer rate to PC of 1 Gbps is realized by SiTCP technology in which the logic for TCPIP is embedded in FPGA
In my talk the status of development of the readout board will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 53
Talk-38
Theoretical Formulation of Morphology Dynamics of Membranes
Based on a Combination of Mathematical Models and Differential
Geometry
Yutaka Oya1)
Masatoshi Toda1)
Katsuhiko Sato1)
Toshihiro Kawakatsu1)
and
Izumi Takagi2)
1) Department of Physics 2) Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
Bio-membranes and vesicles are bilayers of lipid molecules with closed form A typical example is red blood cell
It is well known that the equilibrium shape of these membranes are determined by minimizing the following
Helfrich bending elastic energy [1]
2
02
CCdH aa
(1)
where ad is the infinitesimal area element of the membrane surface aC the local mean curvature 0C the
spontaneous curvature the bending elastic constant This energy is to be minimized among closed surfaces
having the prescribed surface area and bounding volume [2]
Although this Helfrich model is successful for equilibrium shape problems it is not easy to study dynamical
processes such as deformation fission and fusion of membranes under an external flow field or in the presence of
guest molecules such as polymers injected into the membrane In such a situation a field-theoretic approach to
Helfrich model is quite useful It is called the phase field (PF) model where the infinitely thin membrane
described by eq(1) is approximated by a finitely thin interface (topological defect) of a scalar field r [3] As
the membrane is described by a filed variable it is easy to combine it with other fields for example a flow field
(Navier-Stokes (NS) equation) or a density distribution of polymer chains (self-consistent field (SCF) theory)
We develop theoretical formulations for polymer chains encapsulated in
a membrane (PF+SCF) and for membranes floating in a flow field
(PF+NS) The former is a model of drag delivery system and the latter is a
model for a blood flow in a blood vessel Figure 1 shows typical
axisymmetric shapes of membranes that contain polymer chains obtained
by PF+SCF technique A shape deformation of membrane induced by the
injected polymer can be observed
[1] UZeifert Adv Phys 46 (1997) 13
[2] TNagasawa and ITakagi Calc Var and PDE 16 (2003) 63
[3] QDu C Liu and X Wang J Comput Phys 198 (2004) 450
a)
b)
Fig1 Two typical axisymmetric
shapes of membranes containing
polymers inside (a) prolate and (b)
oblate shapes
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
54 |
Talk-39
The search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics
from the logical and philosophical point of view
Keita Yokoyama
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
In this research we investigate the certainty of foundations of mathematics including the concepts of infinity
provability axiomatizability normativity determinacy and so on In this talk we will overview the certainty of
infinitesimal analysis by means of the measure of the logical strength as an example
In the 17th century differential and integral calculus was developed using infinitely small or infinitesimal
quantities by G W Leibniz and others However the theory of infinitesimals was completely replaced by the
theory of limits in the 19th century In 1960rsquos A Robinson introduced the theory of non-standard analysis and
justified the theory of infinitesimals in it [1] Non-standard analysis has been investigated by many researchers as a
branch of logic or analysis and it has been applied to the study of analysis number theory and other fields of
mathematics On the other hand the strengths of many theorems of classical analysis are measured by comparing
them with axioms of arithmetic as a program of Reverse Mathematics by H Friedman S Simpson and others [2]
For example the axiom ldquoweak Koenigrsquos lemma (WKL)rdquo is equivalent to the Brouwer fixed point theorem and the
Cauchy integral theorem and the axiom ldquoarithmetical comprehension (ACA)rdquo is equivalent to the AscoliArzela
lemma and the Riemann mapping theorem Then can we measure the certainty of infinitesimal analysis Is
infinitesimal analysis more complex or less certain than classical analysis Our aim is to answer these question
In 1980rsquos H J Keisler gave simple axioms for the theory of infinitesimal analysis So we measure the strengths
of these axioms by comparing them with axioms of arithmetic The axioms of infinitesimal analysis consist of
ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo ldquotransfer principlerdquo and other weak principles named nsBASIC Our main
results of this study are following
1 nsBASIC plus ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo is a conservative extension of the axiom of arithmetic
WKL
2 nsBASIC plus ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo plus ldquotransfer principlerdquo is a conservative extension of
the axiom of arithmetic ACA
It is known that the most part of classical analysis can be developed within WKL or ACA Consequently the theory
of infinitesimal analysis has the same certainty as the theory of classical analysis
References
[1] Stephen G Simpson Subsystems of Second Order Arithmetic Perspectives Springer-Verlag 1999
[2] A Robinson Non-standard Analysis North-Holland revised edition 1974
[3] Keita Yokoyama Formalizing non-standard arguments in second-order arithmetic to appear
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 55
Abstracts of Poster Presentations
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
56 |
Po-1
Coherent control of excited states by multipulse photo excitation
Kenta Abe
Physics D2 Tohoku University
The control of quantum phenomena with modulated laser pulses has already been demonstrated successfully on
a variety of chemical and physical systems For example the temporal structure of the pulse can be periodically
modified to yield a train of pulses If the temporal spacing of the pulse train coincides with the period of a
molecular vibration a wavepacket involving just a selected mode can be excited selectively over other modes We
adopted coherent control method using multipulse excitation to get information about transient vibration of the
excited states in materials
The coherent control measurement was carried out by a setup based on femtosecond absorption spectroscopy
Output of the Tisapphire laser system (800nm 1mJ 150fs 1kHz) was divided into several parts One part was
used to generate the tunable prepump (~100fs) by an infrared optical parametric amplifier (IR-OPA) The prepump
generated the excited state in the materials Another part was used to drive a noncollinear OPA (NOPA) generating
the ultrashort transform-limit (TL) pulse (lt20 fs) for the coherent control A pulse shaper which consists of a spatial
light modulator (SLM) with 800times600 pixels in a 4f arrangement modulated the TL pulse and generated the shaped
pump pulse The rest output generated the broadband tunable probe pulse using another NOPA and a prism pair
pulse compressor Time resolution of the system was about 20fs
Nile Blue was selected as prototype system because of its strong oscillatory features The coherent vibration
induced by the TL or shaped pump pulse was observed Figure 2 shows the Fourier transform (FT) spectra of the
transient vibration with and without the prepump With the prepump the peak frequency of the FT-spectrum is
lower than that without the prepump The multipulse excitation could successfully induce the coherent vibration in
the excited state Furthermore we carried out the coherent control by the shaped pump pulse The periodic pulse
trains can selectively control the coherent vibration in the ground andor excited states
Fig 2 Transient vibration induced by TL pulse Fig 1 Sketch of the multipulse excitation setup
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 57
Po-2
de Haas ndashvan Alphen effect studies in the Antiferro-Quadrupolar
ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3
T Isshiki T Komatsubara HS Suzuki N Kimura H Aoki
Physics D3 Tohoku University
In the past decade it is found that higher order multipoles (quadrupolar octupolar etc) play a key role in some
rare earth and actinide systems Although a great number of studies have been performed the mechanism of the
multipolar ordering has not been clarified yet On the other hand some previous experiments suggest that the
quadrupolar ordering is mediated via the conduction electrons Moreover in some Pr-based compounds which have
nonmagnetic 3 doublet in the crystalline electric field ground state a huge CT value is observed in the specific
heat measurement even at low temperatures These results indicate that quadrupole moments might be strongly
coupled with the conduction electrons but there is no clear evidence so far Therefore it is important to investigate
the role of the conduction electrons in these systems
The de Haas -van Alphen(dHvA) effect is a powerful method to measure the properties of conduction electrons
We study the dHvA effect in the antiferro-quadrupolar(AFQ) ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3 (1) to
investigate whether or not a huge CT at low temperatures and the non-Fermi liquid behavior reported for the
specific heat and electrical resistivity in Pr1-xLaxPb3 come from the interplay between quadrupole moments and the
conduction electrons (2) to investigate how the change of the f electron state such as the one from the
para-quadrupolar state to the AFQ state affects the properties of conduction electrons and (3) to investigate the
quantum criticality of the quadrupolar ordering
We have succeeded in observing the change in the properties of conduction electrons associated with the change
of the f electron state The details are discussed in this presentation
Po-3
Measurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum
in the Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHC
Takumi Ito
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Supersymmetry (SUSY) is the well-motivated candidate of the physics beyond the standard model If
SUSY really exists at the TeV energy scale a large number of SUSY particles are produced at the LHC
experiments A signature of SUSY at the LHC strongly depends on the SUSY mass spectrum Some
SUSY models have a long-lived heavy charged particle and in such case we should completely alter a
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
58 |
strategy to study the SUSY events from one in a widely-studied case with a long-lived heavy neutral
particle
We study the model with a long-lived stau (supersymmetric partner of tau lepton) and demonstrate the
several masses of superpaticles can be measured with a good accuracy [1] We focus on the case in which
the mass differences between the lightest stau and other sleptons are ~ 10 GeV or larger so that the decay
products of heavier sleptons are hard enough to be detected First we determine the masses of neutralinos as
the endpoint of the invariant mass distribution of (tau-jet - stau) since neutralinos mainly decay to the
lightest stau Next with the assist of the knowledge of the neutralino mass the masses of the right-handed
sleptons are determined as the sharp peak in the distribution of the invariant mass of (lepton - tau - stau)
Also squark (almost right-handed) masses can be measured well
In the previous study we left the mass reconstructions of other particles such as gluino charginos left-handed
sleptons and left-handed squarks They are in progress [2]
Reference
[1] Takumi Ito Ryuichiro Kitano and Takeo Moroi ldquoMeasurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum in the
Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHCrdquo arXiv 09105853 [hep-ph]
[2] Takumi Ito Ryuichiro Kitano and Takeo Moroi work in progress
Po-4
In situ NMR imaging of lithium- ion batteries
during chargedischarge cycle
Yoshiki Iwai
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Lithium-ion batteries are quite important power sources for mobile devices such as mobile phones notebook
computers portable audio players etc It is necessary to observe ion motion of liquid electrolyte in lithium-ion
batteries for increasing their safety and understanding mechanisms of the degradations Over the last several
decades many types of in-situ technique (X-ray Raman scattering infrared spectroscopy etc) have been adopted to
investigate the lithium-ion dynamics Moreover visualizing techniques are also starting to be employed for material
science over the biological and medical field X-ray and neutron tomography can see through the batteries however
these two techniques have disadvantages for lithium-ion batteries X-ray has low sensitivity for organic electrolyte
because the sensitivity of X-ray is proportional to weight of atoms Neutron beam has high sensitivity for proton
(1H) and lithium (
6Li and
7Li) however big facilities are need for the experiments Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Imaging (NMR imaging ) is also nondestructive imaging technique which can satisfy these two demands high
sensitivity of light atoms such as proton (or lithium) and small instrument compared with Neutron facilities The
aim of this work is to observe liquid electrolyte in the lithium-ion battery by NMR imaging technique to understand
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 59
ionic motion and behavior of its degradation as a function of electrochemical cycling As a start of this work I
report lithium (7Li) and proton (
1H) imaging data of special designed lithium-ion battery which is composed of
lithium-metal (negative electrode) and LiCoO2 (positive electrode) filled with liquid electrolyte LiClO4PC
Po-5
Crack propagation in largely deformed rubber sheet
Daiki Endo
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
60 |
Po-6
Optical response of photonic crystal with multi-layered structure
Rihei Endo
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Recently there has been rapid progress in the performance of nano scale artificial structure It is known that
the photonic crystals take an important role in developing next-generation devices Photonic crystals have a
photonic band structure with a gap energy that excludes light with a certain frequency which is the same
analogy as the energy band structure in the crystal of the solid We can control light freely by operating these
structures artificially and it is possible to create new type devices with new features
So far we had investigated one-electron properties of one-dimensional self-similar structures (SSS) SSS are
classified into the third group of systems in addition to periodic systems and random systems Electronic states
of SSS exhibits rich properties For example the presence of energy spectra and wave functions which have
multifractal characters is peculiar to such systems And almost all eigenstates for electrons are critical states
whose nature locate between extended states and localised states
Applying the concept of SSS to photonic crystals we aim at a development of a new type of optical device
We confine our discussion in 1D photonic crystals which consist of two different dielectric material layers A
and B in a SSS We assume the materials of A and B layers to be non-absorbing isotropic and uniform
dielectric matirials with reflective indices na and nb respectively (see fig1) To set up 1D self-similar
photonic crystal we apply the substitution rule to determine the order of two kinds of layer as shown in fig2 In
this poster We have investigated the time-dependent optical response of S-polarized wave and P-polarized
wave (see fig3) on this SSS by using transfer matrix method [1]
[1] J Phys A Math Gen 37 (2004) L1-L6 Rihei Endou Komajiro Niizeki Nobuhisa Fujita
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 61
Po-7
Pseudo-spin Kondo effect in a capacitively-coupled parallel double
quantum dot
Yuma OKAZAKI
Physics D1 Tohoku University
A low-dimensional nano-structure fabricated by semiconductor fine processing technology offers the ideal
playground for studying quantum and correlative nature of electrons Especially electronic states can be controlled
at a single electron level in a zero-dimensionally confined system known as a quantum dot (QD) The Kondo effect
is an electron correlation phenomenon resulting from a dynamical spin singlet formation between a localized spin
at the QD and its surrounding conduction electrons via an effective exchange interaction The Kondo effect has
been well investigated in bulk materials containing dilute magnetic impurities However more tunable approach for
the Kondo physics is possible with the helps of QDrsquos parameter-controllability
In this poster we show transport measurements in a double QD system with inter-dot capacitive coupling In
such a device charge degrees of freedom can be regarded as a pseudo-spin and play the equivalent role to the
electron spin in the Kondo physics Although the pseudo-spin Kondo effect has been already discussed in some
reported articles more quantitative and conclusive experimental results are lacking Two fingerprints for the
pseudo-spin Kondo singlet were experimentally observed in our fabricated device(Fig a b) The first one is Kondo
zero bias anomaly which originates from a many-body resonance level pinned at the Fermi surface due to the
Kondo singlet formation(Fig c) The second one is Kondo scaling which describes universal temperature
dependence scaled by the Kondo temperature A good fit was obtained between the observed temperature
dependence and a theoretical curve by numerical renormalization group theory(Fig d) Moreover a contribution
from the pseudo-spin was discussed via measurements in a finite in-plane magnetic field In conclusion a
formation of the pseudo-spin Kondo singlet was determined
Fig (a)Scanning electron microscope image of the device Electrons are confined into regions illustrated by circles (b)The charge stability diagram showing charge configurations in the two QDs VL(VR) is bias voltages applied to the gate L(R) labeled in Fig (a) The arrows depict charge and spin states (c)Kondo zero bias anomaly and (d)Kondo scaling were measured at the center of the two-headed arrow in Fig (b)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
62 |
Po-8
Spin and charge dynamics in a photo-excited double exchange system
Yu Kanamori
D2 Department of Physics Tohoku University
Hiroaki Matsueda1 and Sumio Ishihara
2
1Sendai National College of Technology
2Department of Physics Tohoku University
A variety of electronic phases in correlated electron systems is attributed to strong interplay between multi-degrees of
freedom of electrons such as charge spin and orbital Gigantic changes in electronic state are caused by weak perturbation in a
vicinity of phase boundary Perovskite manganite is one of the typical correlated electron materials with multi-degrees of
freedom Recently ultrafast photo-induced phenomena by applying femtosecond laser pulse have been measured in the
charge-ordered (CO) insulator associated with the antiferromagnetic (AF) order [1] Transient optical reflectivity and
magnet-optic Kerr rotation suggest strong coupling between the charge and spin degrees of freedom in the photo-induced states
Nonlinear increase of reflectivity change for photo-excitation density has been also reported
We study photo-induced charge and spin dynamics in perovskite manganite We adopt the extended double-exchange model
in one-dimension where the on-site and nearest-neighbor Coulomb repulsions between the eg electrons and the
nearest-neighbor AF exchange coupling between the t2g localized spins are taken into account By using the exact
diagonalization method and density-matrix renormalization-group method several transient spectra and static correlation
functions are obtained
It is shown that just after the photo-irradiation CO is melted and the band width of photo-carriers gradually increases with
increasing time The time dependence of the photo-carrier band and that of the in-gap component of the optical conductivity are
correlated with that in the spin correlation indicating strong coupling between charge and spin sectors This time scale is
governed by the electron transfer integral We also examine the photon intensity dependence of the spin and charge dynamics It
is found that pump photon intensity where the energy gain in the spin sector is saturated is smaller than that where the charge
energy is saturated This result implies that the spin and charge sectors are decoupled in the view point of the pump
photon-intensity
This work is supported by the global COE program of MEXT Japan
References
[1] K Miyasaka et al Phys Rev B 74 012401 (2006)
[2] H Matsueda and S Ishihara J Phys Soc Jpn 76 083703 (2007)
[3] Y Kanamori H Matsueda and S Ishihara Phys Rev Lett 103 267401 (2009)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 63
Po-9
Observation of 8B Solar Neutrinos with KamLAND
Yoshiaki Kibe (D3)
Department of Physics Research Center for Neutrino Science Tohoku University
The Kamioka Liquid Scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector that is KamLAND experiment is located at the site of the
former Kamiokande experiment in Gifu Prefecture Japan KamLAND uses 1 metric kton of liquid scintillator
contained in a 65m radius 135μm thick NylonEVOH balloon
Measurements of solar neutrinos and reactor anti-neutrinos have established neutrino oscillation and the Large
Mixing Angle (LMA) solution with matter effects described by Mikheyev Smirnov and Wolfenstein (MSW) as the
correct description of neutrino propagation from the Sun The 8B decay creates the continuous energy spectrum and
dominates the high-energy solar neutrino flux This has been measured previously using neutrino-electron
scattering with water Cherenkov detectors like Kamiokande Super-Kamiokande and SNO and the liquid
scintillator detector like Borexino The water Cherenkov detectors are able to reconstruct the direction of the
incoming neutrino and typically have thresholds of around 5 MeV Liquid scintillator detectors have much better
energy solution and the possibility of lower energy thresholds but no directional information The detection method
exploits the neutrino-electron elastic scattering reaction in the solar neutrino detection at KamLAND
The newly developed purification system rejects the radioactive backgrounds It allows us to explore lower
threshold of 35 MeV where is the unexplored energy region for 8B solar neutrino detection This work shows the
first measurement of 8B solar neutrino flux in KamLAND with 35 and 55 MeV thresholds
Po-10
z ~3 LYMAN BREAK GALAXY CLUSTER SURVEY IN SSA22
WITH VIMOS
Katsuki Kousai
Physics D2 Tohoku University
We report our redshift survey of z~3 Lyman break galaxies ( LBGs ) We observed LBGs spectra in SSA22
( 221734 +001504 ) 912 arcsec2 field to identify those spectral redshift and to study three dimensional
distribution of LBGs We have obtained spectral redshifts of 94 LBGs and found spike at z=31 33 and 37 in the
redshift distribution
SSA22 is a field in which Steidel et al discovered high density region of LBGs at z=309 ( Steidel et al 1998 )
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
64 |
They determined spectral redshifts of 99 LBGs at z~3 in 162 arcsec2 field They found a critical spike at z=309 in
their redshift distribution of LBGs
We have detected a lot of Lyman alpha emitters ( LAEs ) at z=309 in 912 arcsec2 field which contains the high
density region discovered by Steidel et al in our narrowband filter (NB497 band pass centered at 4977 Å
bandwidth of FWHM 77Å ) survey for LAEs with Subaru Prime Focus Camera to find a large scale structure of
LAEs ( Hayashino et al 2004 )
We also carried out LBG redshift survey in our LAE survey area We observed z~3 LBG candidates in the field
with ESO-VLT VIsible MultiObject Spectrograph ( VIMOS ) in 2006 and 2008 We identify spectral redshifts of 94
LBGs with Lyman alpha emission line ( 1216Åin rest-flame ) or metal absorption line ( Si II O I C II ( 1216Å
1303Å 1334Å in rest-flame ) etc )
We drew redshift distribution of those LBGs In our redshift distribution we found spike not only at z=31 that was
discovered by Steidel but also z=33 and 37 We also study spatial distribution of LBGs that is included those spikes It seems
that LBGs in each spikes are clustered in sky distribution of those LBGs
In our poster we report on the redshift distribution of 94 LBGs at z~3 the property of those density peaks that is found in
the redshift distribution and the spatial distribution of LBGs
Po-11
EELS and SXES studies of electronic structures of Al-TM alloys
Shogo Koshiya
Physics D1 Tohoku University
After the discovery of an icosahedral symmetry material (quasicrystals) in a melt-quenched Al6Mn alloy [1]
great effort has been spent for understanding the presence of quasiperiodic structured materials In recent years
Hume-Rothery mechanism which predicts an existence of a pseudogap around Fermi level (EF) is accepted as a
major reason for the stabilization of quasicrystals The presences of pseudogap structures in quasicrystals were
experimentally confirmed by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and EELS EELS experiments also pointed out
characteristic chemical shifts in Al L-shell excitation spectra of Al-based quasicrystals [2] which suggested a
decrease of valence electron charge at Al sites Recently a covalent bonding nature in quasicrystals was reported by
MEMRietveld analysis of 10-Al12Re and 11-Al73Re27Si10 [3] Thus it is interesting to investigate the relation
between chemical shift and bonding nature of quasicrystals On the other hand the systematic measurements of
electronic structures of the normal Al-transition metal (Al-TM) alloys help the understanding of the bonding
nature of the Al-based quasicrystal
In this study the chemical shift which is sensitive to the amount of valence electron of amorphous (Am)
quasicrystalline (QC) and crystalline (Cryst) phases of Al53Si27Mn20 alloys were investigated by a high
energy-resolution EELS transmission electron-microscope (TEM) [4] and a soft-X-ray emission spectroscopy
(SXES) instrument attached to a TEM [5]
From EELS measurements of Al L-edge (2p rarr CV) of the phases it was clearly shown that only the QC phase
showed an apparent shift to the larger binding energy side by 04 eV compared with that of Al single crystal This
result should be due to a large binding energy of Al L-shell of QC phase than that of pure Al (chemical shift) From
SXES measurements of Al K -emission (2p rarr 1s) of the phases it was revealed for the first time that the spectrum
of QC phase clearly showed a shift to the larger energy side of about 4 eV These results clearly indicate that the chemical shift is characteristic for QC phase Si K -emission spectrum of QC phase also showed a clear shift of
about 6 eV On the other hand there was not an apparent chemical shift for Mn L -emission (3d rarr 2p) Those
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 65
EELS and SXES results suggest that the amounts of valence electron of Al and Si atomic sites of Al53Si27Mn20
alloys are decreased only in the QC phase However Mn site does not change its valence electron charge
apparently in Am QC and Crystal phases It can be due to a localization of valence electrons of Mn atom
Chemical shifts of all constituent atoms for Am QC and Cryst phases of Al53Si27Mn20 alloys were examined first
time by EELS and SXES These results clearly presented that a chemical shift is characteristic for QC phase It
should be also noted that only Al and Si atoms of Al53Si27Mn20 change those valence electron states in QC phase
Experimental results of EELS and SXES on 10-Al12Re and 11-Al73Re17Si10 approximant crystals and Al-TM
alloys will be also presented
References
[1] D Schechtman et al Phys Rev Lett 53 1951 (1984)
[2] M Terauchi et al Phil Mag 87 2947 (2007)
[3] K Kirihara et al Phys Rev B 64 212201 (2001)
[4] M Tanaka et al Microsc Microanal 8 (Suppl 2) 68 (2002)
[5] M Terauchi et al Microsc Microanal 13 (Suppl 2) 166 (2007)
Po-12
Comparison of membrane physical property changes between DMPC
membrane and DMPE membrane induced by melittin
Atsuji Kodama
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Melittin an amphipathic peptide composed of 26 amino acid residues from honeybee venom is
widely used as a model of membrane protein in the study of lipid-protein interaction in
biomembranes In this study interaction of melittin with DMPC membranes and DMPE membranes
were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and fluorescent spectrometry with an
environment sensitive fluorescent dye Laurdan and tryptophan (Trp) residue in melittin In DSC
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
66 |
study the main phase transition peak of DMPC became broader gradually with increasing of
melittin On the other hand such a transition peak behavior was not observed in DMPE
thermograms In the fluorescent study with Laurdan Generalized Polarization (GP) was calculated
from I440 and I490 of Laurdan emission spectra Around phase transition temperature GP value for
DMPE changed drastically in the presence of melittin compared with in the absence of melittin It
indicated that melittin disturbed infiltration of water molecules into the lipid glycerol backbone
regions Contrary to DMPE temperature region of GP value change for DMPC became broader with
increasing of melittin It related to the reduction of transition cooperativity In the tryptophan
fluorescent study λmax was shorter than the system without lipids through the all temperature
regions at all mole fractions of melittin in DMPC systems In DMPEMelittin systems λmax was
longer than DMPCMelittin systems The results showed that melittin was in the hydrophobic
environment in DMPCMelittin systems On the other hand melittin was in hydrophilic
environment in DMPEMelittin systems These results indicated that melittin located in DMPC
membrane and on DMPE membrane surface From the GP value the glycerol backbone regions of DMPE
membranes have higher packing compared with DMPC one It indicated that the higher packing of DMPE
possibly disturbed penetration of melittin
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 67
Po-13
Resonant x-ray scattering experiment on Pr(Ru1-xRhx)4P12
Kotaro Saito
Dept of Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
68 |
Po-14
Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Anti-neutrinos travel from the Earthrsquos interior due to beta decays of mainly three isotopes 238
U 232
Th and 40
K
The study of geo-neutrinos was performed using 207659-day data taken with KamLAND which is the
anti-neutrino detector contained 1000 tons of liquid scintillator (LS) The data includes 58603-day data since the
LS purification was started
The LS purification is distillation and N2 purge for LS and was performed to reduce low energy backgrounds
such as 85
Kr 210
Bi and 210
Po These isotopes were reduced by ~ 185000 ~ 12100 and ~ 116 respectively While
the LS purification reduced backgrounds it caused the decrease of light yield by ~ 20 and following the deviation
of the position and time dependence Energy and its deviation are corrected using calibration and spallation data
before the geo-neutrino analysis
Anti-neutrinos are extracted from data using the likelihood selection based on the probability density function of
anti-neutrinos and accidental backgrounds depending on those rate to use low energy region and outer volume with
many accidental backgrounds The number of anti-neutrino candidates is 2043 events
The main backgrounds for geo-neutrinos are reactor neutrinos and 13
C(alpha n)16
O reaction The latter is reduced
by ~ 116 after the LS purification due to the reduction of the main alpha source 210
Po The number of total
backgrounds is estimated to be 20158 events
The expected number of geo-neutrinos is calculated using the reference Earth model based on
seismology petrology and the BSE model It is 976 events The Rate + Shape + Time analysis was
performed using these results The best-fit of geo-neutrinos is 860plusmn279 267 (32 accuracy) and does
not conflict with the expectation Zero geo-neutrinos are excluded at 34σ(9993) From the
estimated geo-neutrino flux and the model the upper limits of radiogenic heat from U and Th and
their mass in the mantle are 30 TW and 59x1017 kg at 90 CL This result excludes the
fully-radiogenic models of 37 TW and 44 TW at 976 and 996 CL respectively
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 69
Po-15
Pressure dependence of B-T phase diagram in
heavy-fermion superconductor CeRhSi3
Tetsuya Sugawara(D2) Noriaki Kimura(Assis Prof) and Haruyoshi Aoki(Prof)
Department of Physics Tohoku University
CeRhSi3 is a noncentrosymmetric heavy-fermion pressure-induced superconductor discovered in 2005 by N
Kimura et al [1] Its crystal structure lacks an inversion center which is characteristic of this compound as shown
in the inset of Fig 1 The superconductivity emerges above 02GPa although the antiferromagnetic order persists
up to 24GPa Therefore CeRhSi3 can provide two fascinating aspects of the superconductivity namely
noncentrosymmetric and heavy-fermion superconductivity
We reported the temperature dependence of the upper-critical-field Bc2(T) along the tetragonal c-axis of CeRhSi3
and the existence of a bend on the Bc2(T)-curve at the last forum To elucidate the nature of the bend we have
performed the precise measurement of the electrical resistivity at several pressures Figure 2 shows the resultant
Bc2(T)-curves of CeRhSi3 We found the bend appears at 24GPa at which the antiferromagnetic ordering
disappers at zero field This fact suggests that the bend is associated with the magnetism
At the forum we will also report the pressure dependence of other superconducting parameters and discuss the
nature of the bend
Reference
[1]N Kimura et al Phys Rev Lett 95 (2005) 247004
Fig 1 Crystal structure and T-P phase diagram
of CeRhSi3
Fig 2 Pressure dependence of the Bc2(T)-curve
of CeRhSi3
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
70 |
Po-16
Neutral meson photoproduction with electromagnetic calorimeter
complex FOREST
Koutaku Suzuki
Physics D3 Tohoku University
We have been studying hadron properties via the π0 and η photoproduction reactions at Research Center for
Electron Photon Science Tohoku University Recently we observed a narrow baryon resonance at Eγ ~ 1020
MeV in the γ d rarr η n p reaction The resonance seems to show up in the γ n rarr η n reaction since no signal has
been observed so far in the γ p rarr η p reaction at the same energy region
To investigate the resonance in more detail we developed a large solid angle electro-magnetic calorimeter
system FOREST It consists of three types of electromagnetic calorimeters and three plastic scintillator hodoscopes
One calorimeter located in a forward angular region is made up with 192 pure CsI crystals the second one covering
the polar angle from 30degto 100degcomprises 252 lead scintillating fiber blocks and the remaining calorimeter are
built with 36 lead glass Cherenkov counters The energy resolutions of pure CsI crystals lead scintillating fiber
blocks and lead glass Cherenkov counters are 21 72 and 49 respectively for 10 GeV electrons The
plastic scintillator hodoscopes are placed in front of these calorimeters to distinguish a particle being charged or
neutral FOREST covers the solid angle of about 90 in total
Experiments for π0 and η photoproduction reactions have been performed with FOREST The current status and
analysis of the experiments will be introduced
Po-17
Micro-photoluminescence around spin phase transition of ν=23
fractional quantum Hall regime
J HayakawaAK Muraki
BG YusaA
ADepartment of Physics Tohoku University
BNTT Basic Research Laboratories NTT Corporation
We have been interested in Landau level filling factor ν=23 fractional quantum Hall(FQH) regime because of
their interesting feature The spin degrees of freedom of electrons play an important role in this system That is
because the competition between Coulomb energy and Zeeman energy defines the ground state There are two
possible ground states unpolarized and fully polarized states A spin phase transition between these two states
occurs therefore domain formation with two polarizations is expected at certain magnetic field and carrier density
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 71
But actual size and shape of domains have not observed Moreover the dynamics of domains related to electric
current or nuclear spin polarization has been unveiled yet In contrast with standard transport measurement optical
measurement can reveal local configurations of electron spin Therefore we aim for direct observation of spin
domains at ν=23 by optical techniques
In our previous work we have measured circularly polarized photoluminescence from semiconductor quantum
well in the FQH regime at ν=23 We have found the peak intensity of singlet charged exciton tends to increase up
to transition point and it tends to decrease beyond this point by decreasing electron density On the other hand the
peak intensity of triplet charged exciton tends to monotonically increase by decreasing electron density Thus the
peak intensity of charged excitons can be used as a probe to detect local spin polarization
In order to acquire the image of spin domains we developed a scanning optical microscope in a dilution
refrigerator We illuminate samples with a laser through a square core multimode fiber to obtain a uniform electron
density over the sample Photoluminescence is collected by two polarization-maintaining fibers through circular
polarizer consisted of a quarter waveplate and a polarization beam splitter In this arrangement the core of the fiber
functions as a pinhole The sample is scanned by piezo-stage This experimental set-up will enable us to directly
observe the spin domains with micron order spatial resolution
Po-18
Ionic conductivity of Trehalose-Water-Lithium iodide mixture in glass
and supercooled liquid state
Reiji Takekawa
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Compound in the glassy state a certain kind of systems have ionic conductivity and the other donrsquot have ionic
conductivity in glassy ionic compound The former is decouple to glass framework and ion and latter is couple
That is beneficial to studying characteristic of glass transition in both system for principle and search higher
conductivity electrolyte Usually ldquocouplingrdquo sample and ldquodecouplingrdquo sample is another composed system Thus
that shouldnrsquot be studied details how to change between coupling glass to decoupling glass In this work search
systems which change coupling glass to decoupling glass with the different molar ration
In the previous study LiI-6H2O is good glass former and glass transition temperature Tg is -130 Glass
framework is hydrogen band network and lithium ion that coupled strongly To change decouple system I add
disaccharide Trehalose In general sugar group can make good stable glass Stabling glassy state and upper Tg
super cooled liquid state is important to some measuring in this case Thus I measured three component
trehalose-H2O-LiI systems In this system there is wide glass transition compound region
Result of Tg measurement by DSC Tg become higher increase with trehalose ratio Tg is 20 which ratio is
58 328 614 (trehalose-H2O-LiI molar ratio) I Compare conductivity at the glass transition temperature that
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
72 |
with LiI-6H2O (143 857) samples former is 5 order higher than latter The large increase suggest mobility
increase and changing coupling to decoupling system Consequently trehalose-H2O-LiI system is suitable to study
detail of coupling glass and decoupling glass
Po-19
Progress of the new DAQ system for wide-band solar neutrino
observation with KamLAND
Takemoto Yasuhiro
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Precise measurement of fluxes of solar neutrinos could examine validity of Standard Solar Model With
KamLAND previous efforts on solar neutrino observation focused on individual kind of those eg 8B
7Be
neutrinos Observation of those neutrinos was enabled by ultra-pure liquid scintillator which was even more
purified in these several years
However there still exist two major sources of backgrounds which are difficult to remove with current
electronics One source is a long-lived isotope eg 11
C 10
C which is produced in cosmic muon induced spallation
A huge muon is followed by high-rate events (up to several hundred events within one millisecond) including
neutrons which are byproducts of spallation isotopes Since decay of a spallation isotope comes too late to be told
as it detection of the neutrons which have space correlation with the isotope is necessary for identifying the
isotope and to extract neutrino signals from backgrounds Dead time of current DAQ electronics makes it difficult
to detect all of these neutrons which prevents us from salvaging neutrino events The other source of backgrounds
is residual radioactive impurity A part of decays of 85
Kr one of radioactive impurities is observed as two signals
but the first signal is too small to be triggered
My colleagues and I have been developed new electronics which consist of DAQ electronics which are free
from dead time within such event rate and intelligent trigger electronics which utilize the huge buffers inside the
DAQ electronics
At the present moment production assessment and installation of the electronics have accomplished And I
report here recent progress including installation in-situ tuning of on-board signal processing logic and of DAQ
software and future prospects of this project
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 73
Po-20
Double Chooz PMT preparation
TABATA Hiroshi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Double Chooz experiment is a reactor neutrino experiment searching for last undefined neutrino mixing angle
θ13
The most stringent constraint on the third mixing angle comes from the CHOOZ reactor neutrino experiment as
sin2(2θ13)lt02 Double Chooz will explore the range of sin
2(2θ13) with a sensitivity down to 003-002 within three
years of data taking The improvement of the CHOOZ result requires an increase in the statistics a reduction of the
systematic error below one percent and a careful control of the backgrounds Therefore Double Chooz will use
two identical detectors one at 400 m (near detector ) and another at 105 km from the Chooz nuclear cores
The plan is to start operation in middle of 2010 with the far detector
Main responsibility of Japanese group is photomultiplier tube (PMT) system Double Chooz uses 390 PMTs for
each detector We developed and purchased PMTs After some testing we finished 390 PMTs installation of far
detector in December 2009 This poster shows a state of PMT preparation
Po-21
Effects of lanthanoid ion on phosphate head groups in DMPC
membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures
Kouya Tamatsukuri1 (D3) Tetsuhiko Ohba
1 Gen Sazaki
2 Kazuo Ohki
1
1Department of Physics Tohoku University Sendai Japan
2Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Sendai Japan
Based on many solid-state NMR studies it is generally supposed that phospholipids become orientated in an
applied static magnetic field due to the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility which arises mainly from their
fatty acyl chains For phospholipids is generally negative and its exact value depends on the molecular structure
so lipids tend to orient perpendicular to the field 12-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and
12-dihexanoyl-sn-glycero-3- phosphatidylcholine (DHPC) mixtures are generally assumed to consist of disklike
micelles often called bicelles which align in magnetic fields with the bilayer normal perpendicular to the fields
direction due to negative of lipids However in addition of some trivalent lanthanoid ions such as Eu3+
Er3+
Yb3+
and Tm3+
which have a positive magnetic anisotropy it was reported to orient bicelles such that their normal
is parallel to the fields by NMR measurements On the other hands it was reported that cations including
lanthanoid ions induce the conformation change of the polar head group of lipids too So we investigated the
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
74 |
effects of lanthanoids ion Eu3+
on phosphate head groups of DMPC membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures in the
absence of magnetic fields by fluorescence spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry and compared with
the results of NMR measurements
Po-22
Status of double beta decay experiment with KamLAND
Azusa Terashima
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Neutrinoless double beta decay predicted by Furry in 1938 and described by the process A(Z) -gt A(Z+2) + 2e- is
extremely rare process yet observed in nature This remarkable decay that violates the lepton number conservation
demands two characteristic neutrino properties One is that neutrinos have non-zero mass and another one is they
are Majorana particles
Although rare decay rate (half-life gt 1020
yr) make experiment difficult which requires very low background and
large volume this decay is very interested in since it will tell us the nature of neutrinos (DiracMajorana) its
effective mass via its half-life and neutrino mass hierarchy
The Kamioka Liquid scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector (KamLAND) is low energy neutrino detector with 1000
ton s of highly purified liquid scintillator (LS) located on the former Kamiokande experiment site in Japan at a
depth of ~2700 m water equivalent
Utilizing KamLAND clean environment and its large volume of liquid scintillator we will search the
neutrinoless double beta decay with 90 enriched 400kg of 136
Xe nuclei at 1st phase started in 2011
With a little improvement of the detector and Xe loaded into the liquid scintillator KamLAND aims to understand
the nature of neutrinos The status and development of this experiment will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 75
Po-23
Simulations on Dynamics of Wormlike Micellar System
Using Particle-Field Hybrid Models
Masatoshi Toda
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Surfactant molecules eg cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) self-assemble reversibly into long and
flexible micelles in the presence of certain salts eg sodium salicylate (NaSal) [1] Such micelles are generally
called ldquowormlike micellesrdquo or ldquoliving polymersrdquo and known to show pronounced viscoelastic properties due to the
relaxation of intermicellar entanglements For example in the linear viscoelastic regime they can show the
exponential relaxation characterized by the single relaxation time [2] This behavior is very different from that of
entangled polymeric systems which have a broad spectrum of the entanglement relaxation modes In a steady shear
flow (nonlinear regime) they can also show shear-induced phase separations called ldquoshear bandingrdquo [3] The
detailed molecular origins of these interesting rheological properties have not yet been understood
In order to investigate rheological properties of wormlike micellar systems we propose particle-field hybrid
models which treat wormlike micellar chains as discrete particles and a solvent part as a continuous field The
method will enable us to simulate large-scale systems more efficiently than conventional particle-based methods
eg Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) [4]
We will report details of our models and several results by computer simulations on the models
References
[1] I W Hamley Introduction to Soft Matter (Wiley 2007)
[2] T Shikata H Hirata T Kotaka Langmuir 3 1081 (1987) 4 354 (1988) 5 398 (1989)
[3] M E Cates S M Fielding Adv Phys 55 799 (2006)
[4] P J Hoogerbrugge J M V A Koelman Europhys Lett 19 155 (1992)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
76 |
Po-24
Magneto-dielectric phenomena in charge ordered system
with frustrated geometrical lattice
Makoto Naka (D2) Sumio Ishihara
Physics Tohoku University
Electronic ferroelectricity is known as phenomenon where electric polarization is attributed to the charge order
without inversion symmetry This is seen in some transition metal oxides eg RFe2O4 (R is a rare earth ion) and
charge-transfer organic salts In LuFe2O4 magneto-dielectric phenomena such as increasing of electric polarization
around magnetic ordering temperature observed and are investigated experimentally and theoretically [1] Quasi
2- -(ET)2Cu2(CN)3 -ET salts of which two ET molecules construct a
dimerized pair and are located on a triangular lattice These compounds are known as a so-called dimer-Mott
insulator because one hole exists in each dimer Because of nearly isotropic triangular lattice and the geometrical
frustration novel spin liquid state is expected to appear Recently it is reported that the increase of dielectric
constant is experimentally observed below 60K This indicates the presence of ferro (or anti-ferro) electric
transition The electric polarization is thought to be generated by a localized hole in one side of ET molecules in
dimers [2]
We present a theory of magneto-dielectric phenomena in electronic ferroelectricity in RFe2O4 -ET salt
-ET salts we treat an electric dipole as a pseudo spin and derive the effective model
Hamiltonian where the inter-dimer transfer integrals and the Coulomb interactions are introduced in a triangular
lattice We analyze this model by utilizing the mean-field approximation and the classical Monte-Carlo simulation
We found that the magnetodielectric phenomena originate from spin-charge coupling and geometrical frustration
We also suggest that charge degree of freedom controls the magnetic ordered and disordered states
References
[1] M Naka A Nagano and S Ishihara Phys Rev B 77 224441 (2008)
[2] T Sasaki et al (unpublished)
[3] M Naka and S Ishihara (in preparation)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 77
Po-25
Pi-mesonic decays of Λ hypernuclei
Yoji Nakagawa
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
78 |
Po-26
Axionic Mirage Mediation
Shuntaro Nakamura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Although the mirage mediation is one of the most plausible mediation mechanisms of supersymmetry
breaking it suffers from two crucial problems One is the muB mu-problem and the second is the cosmological
one The former stems from the fact that the B parameter tends to be comparable with the gravitino mass which is
two order of magnitude larger than the other soft masses The latter problem is caused by the decay of the modulus
whose branching ratio into the gravitino pair is sizable In this talk we propose a model of mirage mediation in
which Peccei-Quinn symmetry is incorporated
In this axionic mirage mediation it is shown that the Peccei-Quinn symmetry breaking scale is dynamically
determined around 10^10 GeV to 10^12 GeV due to the supersymmetry breaking effects and the
mu-problem can be solved naturally Furthermore in our model the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) is the
axino that is the superpartner of the axion The overabundance of the LSPs due to decays of modulusgravitino
which is the most serious cosmological difficulty in the mirage mediation can be avoided if the axino is
sufficiently light The next-LSPs (NLSPs) produced by the gravitino eventually decay into the axino LSPs yielding
the dominant component of the axinos remaining today It is shown that the axino with the mass of O(100) MeV is
naturally realized which can constitute the dark matter of the Universe with the free-streaming length of the order
of 01 Mpc The saxion the real scalar component of the axion supermultiplet can also be cosmologically harmless
due to the dilution of the modulus decay The lifetime of NLSP is relatively long but much shorter than 1 sec
when the big-bang nucleosynthesis commences The decay of NLSP would provide intriguing collider signatures
Po-27
The Study of the Origin of Lyman alpha Emitters
with Large Equivalent Widths
Yuki Nakamura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Through the last decade searches for high-redshift Lyman alpha emitters (LAE) by narrow-band imaging have
been conducted extensively In these surveys the LAEs with very large equivalent width (EW) are studied with
much interest (egMalhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Fujita et al 2003 Hu et al 2004 Dawson et al 2004 Saito et al
2006 Shimasaku et al 2006 Gronwall et al 2007 Ouchi et al 2008 Nilsson et al 2009) as they may be related
with extremely young or metal-poor stars or any other signatures of he very early phase of galaxy formation
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 79
(Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Schaerer 2003) Among the LAEs identified by spectroscopic observation 10-40 have
the large rest-frame equivalent width EW0≦240Å at z=31 (Ouchi et al 2008)
What are the origins of these large EW objects More than a few ideas have been discussed such as
photoionization by extremely hot stars cooling radiation from gravitationally heated gas in the collapsed halos
(Steidel et al 2000 Haiman et al 2000 Fardal et al 2001 Yang et al 2006) or shock heating by starburst-driven
galactic wind (Taniguchi amp Shioya 2000 Taniguchi et al 2001 Ohyama et al 2003 Wilman et al 2005) The
effects of HI scattering and dust absorption should also be considered properly in the models
For the case of photoionization by massive stars it is difficult to reproduce Lyman alpha emission larger than
EW0≦240Å by the simple models with constant continuous star-formation rate at the equilibrium phase when the
numbers of ionizing photons become constantly (Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002) Models with top heavy initial mass
function or very metal-poor stars can reproduce EW larger than ~300Å if the age of star formation is younger than
a fewtimes106 yr With the solar metallicity models with Salpeter IMF are difficult to reproduce such large EW even
much younger age less than 1 Myr (Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Scaerar 2003) In the most extreme case very high
EW objects (gt500Å) are hard to explain without primordial stars with the metallicity less than 10-5
(eg Malhotra
amp Rhoads 2002 Dijkstra amp Wyithe 2007) It would be even possible to detect signatures of population III (POPIII)
metal-free stars among the extremely large EW LAEs
We present the properties of large EW Lyman-alpha emitters in the high-density region at z=31 in and around
the SSA22 fields (Steidel et al 1998 1999 2000 Hayashino et al 2004 Matsuda et al 2004) We have expanded
the previous narrow-band survey using Sprime-Cam equipped with 82m Subaru Telescope to cover in total of
~14deg2 area (Yamada et al in prep) More than 1400 LAEs down to L~167times10
42 erg s
-1 were detected We focus
on the equivalent width distributions of these LAEs to characterize the high density region of LAEs where galaxy
formation seems to occur preferentially at the epoch
Po-28
Ultrafast broadband THz response of photo-induced metallic state
in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF )2I3
H Nakaya1 Y Takahashi
1 S Iwai
12 K Yamamoto
3 K Yakushi
3 and S Saito
4
1 Department of Physics Tohoku University Sendai 980-8578 Japan
2 JST-CREST Sendai 980-8578 Japan
3 Institute for Molecular Science Okazaki 444-8585 Japan
4 Institute of Information and Communications Technology Kobe 651-2492 Japan
Photo-induced insulator to metal transition in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF)2I3
(BEDT-TTF[bis(ethylenedithio)]tetrathiafulvalene) has been investigated using mid-IR pump-probe [1-3] and
near-IR pump-terahertz(THz) probe spectroscopy [4] However the measurement range of THz spectroscopy was
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
80 |
very narrow (2-11 meV) In this study spectral range was extended to 2-36 meV (05-9 THz)
Figure 1 shows that transient absorption (OD) spectra observed for excitation intensity (089 eV 001 mJcm2)
at 124 K OD spectrum at 08 ps has a broad absorption increase exhibiting generation of the metallic state
Moreover marked change of the phonon structure at 16 meV (arrow) was detected immediately after excitation We
will discuss the low energy carrier and lattice dynamics based on the time evolution of the broad THz spectrum
[1] Iwai et al Phys Rev Lett 98 097402 (2007)
[2] Iwai et al Phys Rev B 77 125131 (2008)
[3] Yamamoto et al J Phys Soc Jpn 77 074709(2008)
[4] Nakaya et alUltrafast Phenomena XVI 173 (2008)
Po-29
Ring-Exchange interaction in Orbital Degenerate System
J Nasu (D2) S Ishihara
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Orbital degree of freedom is one of the recent attractive themes in transition-metal oxides In contrast to the spin
degree of freedom the inter-site interaction between the orbitals is anisotropic in the real space As a result a kind
of frustration termed orbital frustration is brought about A doubly degenerate eg orbital are represented by the
pseudo-spin (PS) operator T and the orbital interaction is described by the nearest neighbor (NN) exchange
interaction between PSs Due to the orbital frustration there is a macroscopic number of degeneracy in the classical
ground state This degeneracy is lifted by the thermal and quantum fluctuations This is known to be the so-called
ldquoorder by fluctuationrdquo mechanism However the NN interaction based on the perturbation with respect to the
electron transfer is not sufficient in the system which is close to the metal-insulator transition
In this study we examine the ring-exchange interaction in the orbital degenerate system with strong electron
correlation First we derive the effective Hamiltonian from the two-orbital Hubbard model by the perturbational
processes up to the order of (tU)4 where t is hopping integral of an electron and U is inter-orbital Coulomb
interaction on the same site This effective Hamiltonian has not only an interaction between NN PSs but also the
ring-exchange interaction It is worth to note this ring-exchange term includes the octupole operator Ty which does
not appear in the conventional effective Hamiltonian for orbital We analyze this model by the classical
Figure 1 Transient absorption (ΔOD)
spectra observed for excitation intensity
001 mJcm2 at 124 K
0 10 20 30
0
05
1
Fig1 Transient absorption (ΔOD) spectra observed for excitation intensity 001 mJcm2 at 124 K The solid and dashed curve indicate 08 and 25 ps after excitation
124 K
08 ps
Photon Energy (meV)
ΔO
D
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 81
Monte-Carlo method and obtain the phase diagram as functions of temperature and tU In small tU region the
antiferro-type quadrupole (AFQ) order is realized by the thermal fluctuation We find that the canted quadrupole
order is stabilized by the ring-exchange interaction The octupole order appears in large tU region Next to clarify
the quantum effect on the ring-exchange interaction we analyze this model by the Bethe approximation the exact
diagonalization method and the spin-wave approximation We reproduce the AFQ order the canted quadrupole
order and the octupole order In the large tU region we find the quantum para-orbital state which is also confirmed
by the spin-wave approximation
This work is financially supported by Tohoku University Global COE program
Po-30
Shape Memory Effect Induced by Magnetic-Field Rotation
in MnV2O4 Spinel Compound
Yoichi Nii
Physics D1 Tohoku University
In transition metal oxides the orbital degree of freedom plays an important role in their physical phenomena
Spinel compounds are one of the typical systems to study the orbital physics in which the orbital state often gives
rise to much more interesting properties through a possible coupling with both lattice and spin degrees of freedom
MnV2O4 is a representative spinel compound where the orbital-spin coupling is predicted to exist in the nearly
triply degenerate t2g orbital at V3+
sites In this compound a structural phase transition from cubic to tetragonal
(agtc) occurs at Ts = 57K accompanying a ferrimagnetic transition [1] Even above Ts the structural phase
transition can also be induced by the application of a magnetic field via the spin-orbit coupling Below Ts the
tetragonal domain can be aligned by a magnetic field [1] In this research the distribution of the cubic and the three
types of tetragonal domains (c[100]cubic [010]cubic [001]cubic) has been controlled by the combination of
magnetic-field sweep and rotation By rotating the magnetic field from [100]c to [010]c below Ts a single
tetragonal-domain state with c[100]cubic successfully switched to another single-domain state with c[010]cubic By
oscillating the magnetic field direction between [100]cubic to [010]cubic the system showed a strain-angle hysteresis
loop In addition a multi-domain state of these two tetragonal domains is also obtained in a tetragonal phase
induced by a magnetic field along [110]cubic at 57K Combining these processes a magnetic-field induced shape
memory effect without temperature variation has been successfully demonstrated
[1] T Suzuki K Katsumura K Taniguchi T Arima and T Katsufuji Phys Rev Lett 98 127203 (2007)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
82 |
Po-31
The ω meson photoproduction on the nucleon in the threshold region
Ryo HASHIMOTO
Physics D3 Tohoku University
The ω meson is one of the vector meson its spin parity is 1―
Studying near-threshold ω- meson
photoproduction is interesting theme to search for new baryon resonance states Recently the CLAS
collaboration reported that a missing baryon state JP = 52
+ contributes to ω- photoproduction around incident
photon energy of 2 GeV Paying attention to other vector meson production near threshold region the anomaly
of the cross section near threshold region is observed for φ-photoproduction by the CLAS collaboration A local
maximum appeared around Eγ = 2 GeV It is interesting that such a local peak is observed or not observed for
ω- photoproduction The detailed cross section data is needed for these investigations Currently there are a few
data of ω-photoproduction cross section We measure it from threshold up to 1145 MeV
We have already done some experiments with 4π EM calorimeter complex FOREST at Gev-γ experimental hall
in Laboratory of Nuclear Science (now Research Center of electron Photon Science) 750 ndash 1150 MeV
bremsstrahlung photon is exposed to a cryogenic liquid H2D2 target We detect 3 photons decayed from ω meson
generated in the reaction of γN rarrωN ω rarr π0γ rarr 3γ and measure their energy and out-going direction for
reconstruct an invariant mass In a π0γ invariant mass distribution we can find an ω meson peak clearly
The invariant mass of π0γ
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 83
P0-32
Prototype fast imaging detector for YN-scattering
Ryotaro Honda
Physics M1Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
84 |
Po-33
Ground state phase diagram of graphene in a high Landau level
A density matrix renormalization group study
Tatsuya Higashi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 85
Po-34
Investigation of the n ( K0) reaction near the threshold
KFutatsukawa for the NKS2 collaboration D3
Department of Physics Tohoku University Japan
Kaon photoproductions play an important role in the investigation of meson-baryon coupling the structure of
hadrons and search for missing resonances The n ( K0 is a unique process and a key for the investigation on
kaon photoproductions The reactions are (1) since no charge is involved in the initial and final state the t-channel
Born term doesnrsquot contribute (2) since it is the mirror channel of p ( K reaction the coupling constant of the 0
exchange in u-channel change its opposite sign
Therefore we have constructed the Neutral Kaon Spectrometer (NKS2) at the Laboratory of Nuclear Science
Tohoku University (LNS-Tohoku) which can provide tagged photons near the threshold of this reaction NKS2
consists of a dipole magnet with 042 Tesla at the center and TOF counters two types of drift chambers The target
is a liquid deuterium for the investigation into the elementary process of the n ( K0 reaction The acceptance of
NKS2 covers the very forward region making it possible to measure much larger kinematical region for K0 and to
provide the angular distribution for the comparison of the theoretical calculations NKS2 has the large acceptance
against not only +
- decay mode from K
0 but also p
- decay mode from It makes possible to measure the K
0
coincidence events Thus we can provide the cross sections of not only the single K0 events but also the K
0
coincidence events
We will present the performance of NKS2 in detail and preliminary results of the K0 coincidence events in this
contribution
Po-35
Traffic flow of two lanes with a bottleneck
Sho Furuhashi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Traffic jam is an important problem because it gives the society heavy economic losses In order to untie it we
have to understand traffic currents on road networks Many people have studied traffic currents on road networks
with models There are many models which represent traffic currents Cellular automaton (CA) model is a simple
model of them On a one dimensional lane a fundamental diagram of this model a relation between traffic flow
and vehicle density shows a similar characteristic of actual observed traffic currents Because of this similarity it is
a simple way to use CA model on road networks But road networks are more complex than one dimensional lanes
We have a question whether CA model is suitable for road networks or not
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
86 |
A road network is drawn by representing an intersection as a node and a road as a link When we think the traffic
currents of road networks intersections have important effects At an intersection cars on a lane block cars on the
other lanes So an intersection is recognized as a bottleneck Road network consists of bottlenecks We have to
research the effects of bottlenecks to understand the traffic currents of road networks
We study a traffic current of a simple bottleneck It is a two-lane circuit a part of which is one lane In this
system cyclic changes of the passing direction are observed Many people have studied this system with CA model
and got some results But they have not compared the traffic current of CA model on this system with an actual
traffic current So we do this comparison and check the utility of this model If this utility is confirmed it is a
proper way to use this model on road networks
Actual traffic currents were recorded at two points a corner of a road surrounding the Sendai Castle and the
Ryuujin Bridge near Kurogami Campus of Kumamoto University with a video camera The number of lanes is
reduced from two to one at these points We compared these records with the current of CA model by using a
distribution and a cycle correlation of the number of passing cars in a cycle of changes of the passing direction
The results are as follows Their distributions are exponential distributions They show no cycle correlation
From these results we can say that they are under Poisson Process and CA model reproduces an actual traffic
current
However a problem is left It is whether we can get same result in larger traffic volume or not To say that CA
model is suitable for the traffic current on road networks we have to confirm that we get same result regardless of
traffic volume This is an issue which remains to be solved
Po-36
Staggered Order with Kondo and Crystalline Field Singlets
in f2 System
Shintaro Hoshino Junya Otsuki and Yoshio Kuramoto
Department of Physics Tohoku University
With two localized f-electrons per site as in the case with Pr and U compounds the ground state of a solid can
be a collection of crystalline electric field (CEF) singlets plus the Fermi sea of conduction electrons If the
f-electrons interact strongly with conduction electrons the ground state can also be a collective Kondo singlet
Competition between these two singlets may give rise to rich physics with exotic ordered phases We propose a
novel staggered order of these two kinds of singlets by using a model with CEF singlet-triplet states and conduction
electrons which are connected together by the Kondo coupling We have performed highly accurate numerical
calculations using the dynamical mean-field theory combined with the continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo
method With one conduction electron per site we have found a metal-insulator transition temperature below which
the staggered singlet order emerges
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 87
The figure shows the local density of states in the ordered phase It shows a peak below the Fermi level at a
sublattice for Kondo singlet and a vacant peak at another sublattice for CEF singlet This indicates that the
conduction electrons gather at the Kondo singlet site in order to screen localized moments These two peaks add up
to a double peaked structure as in Kondo insulators We discuss possible relevance of the results to understanding
actual systems such as PrFe4P12 and URu2Si2
Figure Local density of states at the (a) Kondo singlet site and (b) CEF singlet site The band width of conduction
electrons is given by 2D
Po-37
Proton elastic scattering of 9C at 290 MeV
Yohei Matsuda
Physics Assistant professor Tohoku University
In order to understand nuclear properties it is important to get information on various shapes of unstable nuclei
as density distributions Therefore it has been expected to measure proton elastic scattering on unstable nuclei at
intermediate energies In particular the incident energies around 300 MeVnucleon are the most suitable because
the proton has the longest mean free path in nuclei For several years we have been developing an apparatus that
consists of beam detectors a solid hydrogen target and recoil proton detectors And we performed these
experiments which were the first at the energy region at the HIMAC facility in the NIRS
As for these experiments we focused on isotopes of carbon because the mass number varies widely from 9 to 22
and density distributions are different dramatically Among these 9C has two characteristics because of its small
proton separation energy (13 MeV) and no bound excited state One is a candidate of a proton halo nucleus and the
other is an experimental advantage that it is possible to separate elastic scattering events from inelastic scattering
events by charge identification of scattering particles Then we chose 9C as the first object
The differential cross section for 9C at 290 MeV is obtained in the momentum transfer region of 1 to 2 fm
-1 The
absolute value is determined by measuring proton elastic and inelastic scattering to the first 2+ excited state of
12C
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
88 |
at 410 MeVnucleon Error bars include systematic and statistical errors and the latter mainly contribute to the
uncertainty Compared with 12
C data the angular distribution does not show a clear diffraction minimum
In the present study the angular distribution is compared with microscopic model calculations Optical model
description is performed with the RIA and the G-matrix approximation Description of nuclear structure is done
with the RMF and the AMD The unclear diffraction minimum is comparatively reproduced by the RMF It is
considered that this reproduction is derived from that the tail of the proton distribution grows longer than that of the
AMD result Though more detailed discussion could be done in comparison with more backscattering data a lack
of data and an inaccurateness of nuclear reaction models at the angle make it difficult In future it is desired to
improve these two points
Po-38
High Resolution and High Statistics Λ Hypernuclear Spectroscopy
by the (e ersquoK+) Reaction
Akihiko Matsumura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Λ hypernuclear spectroscopy by the (eersquoK+) reaction is a powerful tool to investigate ΛN interaction because
this reaction excites various states up to deep inside of hypernucleus and sub-MeV resolution can be achieved
thanks to the high quality primary electron beam from CEBAF at Jefferson laboratory (JLab) The second
generation hypernuclear spectroscopy at JLab Hall C E01-011 was successfully performed in the summer of 2005
introducing High resolution Kaon Spectrometer (HKS) and a new configuration for scattered electron spectrometer
These unique techniques significantly improved both energy resolution and hypernuclear tagging efficiency and we
succeeded to study various hypernuclei
12
ΛB precise p-shell hypernuclear structures were measured and the binding energy and cross section were
compared with the shell model calculation with DWIA
28
ΛAl The first hypernuclear spectroscopy beyond the p-shell by the (eersquoK+) reaction was executed and
major shell structures were observed The results were compared with the shell model calculation with DWIA
7ΛHe The first spectroscopic investigation of
7ΛHe which is one of the unique neutron rich hypernuclear by
(eersquoK+) reaction was carried out successfully The result provides new information on ΛΣ coupling and charge
symmetry breaking
with high resolution and sufficient statistics for the first time by this reaction The analysis is now in the final stage
and systematic errors of binding energy and cross section were estimated with a help of the detailed Monte Carlo
simulation The overview and the analysis result of E01-011 experiment will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 89
Po-39
External Gamma-ray Backgrounds of the KamLAND Detector
Yukie Minekawa
Physics D2 Tohoku University
The KamLAND detector is a scintillation detector for neutrino measurement located in the Kamioka mine It
consists of the inner detector with radius of 9 meters and the outer detector The inner detector has 1000 tons liquid
scintillator at the center and it is a detection part of neutrino events
The liquid scintillatior is surrounded by mountain rocks and the KamLAND components such as PMTs EVOH
films Kevlar strings stainless and so on They contain some amount of radioactive impurities Their radiations are
detected by KamLAND and are backgrounds of neutrino events Especially gamma rays are serious since they
travel long distance A lot of them are able to get into the liquid scintillator
It needs to estimate the amounts of these backgrounds and their position dependences in order to distinguish
neutrino events This requires simulations of radiations with the detector geometry considered
For these simulations geant4 a tool for particle simulations is used The radiations are generated from each
surroundings and their energy deposits are constructed as events detected in KamLAND Compared with
KamLAND data the amounts of the backgrounds from surroundings are be able to estimated Their position
dependences enable us to know the effects of them in the fiducial volume
Po-40
Higgs Triplet Model
Yusuke Motoki
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Standard Model (SM) of particle physics is one of the most successful theory Most of the collider
experiment result can be explained in the framework of the SM However in 1998 Super-Kamiokande
experiment discovered that the neutrinos have very small masses In the SM the neutrinos are massless
particles We must consider the new model which the neutrinos have masses In the Higgs Triplet Model (HTM)
which is simplest extension of SM a complex SU(2) triplet scalar field with the hypercharge Y = 2 is added to
SM Lagrangian in order to have the neutrino masses This model generates the Majorana neutrino masses via
the Yukawa couplings of the triplet scalar field Yukawa couplings of triplet scalar field product lepton flavor
violating decays and etc The decays are searched for at the B
factory
A distinctive point in the HTM is that doubly charged Higgs bosons exists The decays of this particles are
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
90 |
particular processes If doubly charged Higgs bosons mass is relatively light it will be produced at the CERN
Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
In this Poster Session Irsquod like to explain the relations between the HTM and collider experiments
Po-41
Electron diffraction study of the low temperature phase of
Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16
Daisuke Morikawa
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Recently the high quality single crystal of Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16 has been successfully made by
high-pressure synthesis and the metal-insulator transition keeping ferromagnetism was formed at 95K [1] This
phenomenon is very rare in the strongly-correlated electron materials The crystal structure of the low temperature
phase and the origin of the metal-insulator phase transition have been unclear yet The purpose of this study is to
examine the phase transition at the nano-scale area of K2Cr8O16 using Convergent-beam electron diffraction
(CBED) and Selected-area electron diffraction (SAED)
Single crystals of K2Cr8O16 were prepared by Mr Hasegawa and Prof Ueda ISSP University of Tokyo using
high-pressure synthesis The electron diffraction experiments were conducted using a JEM-2010FEF transmission
electron microscope equipped with an in-column omega-type energy filter Intensities of electron diffraction were
recorded on imaging plate The accelerating voltage of electron microscope was 100kV The electron diffraction
patterns were obtained at specimen temperature of 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Figure 1 shows energy-filtered CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
In this figure Zeroth order Laue zone (ZOLZ) reflections are shown It is clearly shown that the structure transition
is not occurred at low temperature phase The [001] [111] and [201] incidence SAED patterns were also taken and
shows no structure transition at low temperature
[1] K Hasegawa et al Phys Rev Lett 103 146403 (2009)
Figure 1 The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively Every patterns show m symmetry
and there no difference
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 91
Po-42
Light scattering by collective excitation of phonon
in quantum paraelectrics
Ryuta Takano
Physics D1 Tohoku University
SrTiO3 and KTaO3 are typical perovskite-type oxides The polarization arrangement in these materials is thought
to be disturbed by the zero point vibration though they have a ferroelectric phonon mode that softens at the Γ point
As a result they do not undergo a ferroelectric phase transition so these materials are often called Quantum
paraelectrics The normal phonon-phonon scattering where the momentum is conserved is thought to become
predominant at the Γ point due to the anharmonic interaction between the long wave-length phonons of the soft
transverse optic and the acoustic modes Gurevich and Tagantsev expected the existence of the second-sound wave
(compression wave of the phonon gas) from the above-mentioned speculation in SrTiO3 and KTaO3 [1] We have
observed a scattered peak that looked like the sound wave (which was called Broad doublet (BD)) at 30K or less in
SrTiO3 and at 20K or less in KTaO3 in our low frequency light scattering experiment [Figure 1] Since the origin of
the BD is still controversial it is important to understand more systematically the collective excitation of phonon
by the analysis on low frequency elementary excitation in quantum paraelectrics Therefore we aimed to
understand the temperature dependence of the relaxation times (τNτR) of the ldquoNormal processrdquo (in which the
momentum is preserved in the phonon-phonon scattering) and the ldquoResistive processrdquo (of considering all scattering
that contributes to dissipative energy transport by phonon and lattice imperfection or impurities) from the spectrum
analysis based on the extended thermodynamics [2]
Figure 2 shows the temperature dependences of τN and τR determined by fitting that uses the extended
thermodynamics The horizontal and vertical axes measure the temperature and the angular frequency respectively
Both axes are logarithmically scaled ω0 denotes the natural frequency of the second-sound wave The conclusion
from the analysis is as the followings
1 A narrow quasi-elastic scattering component in the high temperature region is a light scattering spectrum by
thermal diffusion It has been understood that the frequency of the resistive process falls when lowering the
temperature in SrTiO3 and this thermal diffusion mode (the second-sound wave that over dumped) shifts to the
second-sound wave (propagating mode)
2 It cannot be said that the phonon gas is in the state of the collective excitation in the observation scale of the
actual experiment It should be interpreted that the observed BD for KTaO3 only as the second order Raman
scattering involving pairs of individual phonons
[1] VLGurevich and AKTagantsev Sov Phys JETP 67 206 (1988)
[2] Djou JCasas-Vacuteazquez and GLebon Extended Irreversible thermodynamics (Springer 2001) 3rd ed
Figure The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Every patterns show m symmetry and there no difference
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
92 |
Figure 1 Light scattering spectrum of SrTiO3 and KTaO3 Figure 2 Temperature dependence of τN and τR
Po-43
Formation of the Milky Way Based on the Analysis of Kinematics and
Chemical Abundance of the Outer Halo Stars
Miho Ishigaki
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
How galaxies in the Universe came into existence remains one of the big questions in astronomy It is now
widely recognized that our own Milky Way (MW) Galaxy serves as a unique laboratory to examine mechanisms at
which our Galaxy as well as galaxies in general formed and evolved One important advantage of studying our
Galaxy is that because of its proximity one can measure position velocity and chemical abundance of individual
stars in the solar neighborhood which can be used as a fossil record of the early Galaxy
As an attempt to constrain how our Galaxy formed we study chemical abundance of old stars whose orbits
reach the outer part of the Galactic stellar halo Because of their unusual orbital velocity these outer halo stars are
considered as possible candidates for debris of small galaxies that have been disrupted either partly or totally
during the course of accretion on to the MW in the past In the poster we present the results of our abundance
analysis for the sample of 57 outer halo stars using the data obtained with High-Dispersion Spectrograph mounted
on the Subaru telescope Our detailed abundance results for the key elements including Magnesium Calcium Iron
etc support the hypothesis that the certain fraction of the MW outer stellar halo have built up by accretions of
smaller galaxies as previously suggested from studies based on lower resolution spectral data
Figure The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Every patterns show m symmetry and there no difference
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 93
Po-44
Searching for Luminous Core-Collapsed Supernovae
in a High-z Proto-Cluster
Nana Morimoto
Astronomy D1 Tohoku University
It has been revealed that SSA22 region at redshift z=31 is an extremely high density region of LAEs (LyA
emitters) In addition to this star formation in this region is supposed to be biased to very large mass from the
evidence such as a large number of large LyA EW objects Therefore core-collapsed supernovae (SNe) of massive
stars are expected to occur frequently in this region While SNe has not been detected beyond zgt2 to date it is very
important not only to detect core-collapsed SNe at z=31 but also to obtain any useful information to understand
star formation in early universe So we estimated the expectation of observing core-collapsed SNe in SSA22 region
at z=31 based on our own sample of star-forming galaxies and carried out preliminary observations and data
analysis to search for variable objects to investigate the detectability of core-collapsed SNe at high-z by searching
for variability of LAEs in this region
Po-45
A Study of Light Curves from Rapidly Rotating Neutron Stars
Kazutoshi Numata
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
The launch of the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) brought many discoveries in the physics of neutron
stars Periodic millisecond X-ray oscillations have been detected in 22 accreting neutron stars in low-mass X-ray
binary systems (hereafter we refer to these accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar as AMXPs) Accretion-powered
millisecond oscillations have so far been detected in 10 AMXPs The oscillation can be always detected in 7
AMXPs of 10 AMXPs and 3 others can be detected intermittently
The light curves for X-rays emitted from neutron stars have various information which are the stars radius
mass spin frequency inner structure of the stars circumstellar region observer inclination and so on We mainly
consider AMXPs and compare their properties to light curves calculated by assumed models
AMXPs have several properties The main properties are small amplitudes sinusoidal pulse shapes variable
oscillation amplitudes variable pulse phases The fractional rms amplitudes of the accretion powered oscillation are
about 1-2 in most AMXPs And observed light curves have nearly sinusoidal pulse shapes and the fractional rms
amplitudes of fundamental is usually tenth times larger than first overtone component
Andersson (1998) proposed that r-mode are excited by gravitational wave radiation R-modes are waves
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
94 |
propagated in neutron stars So it is important to think r-mode on surface of the neutron star Therefore we use the
model of R-mode plus hot spot model (RS model) to calculate light curves from the neutron stars This model is a
new model There have been models to assume only r-modes and to assume only hot spots so far but there have
never been models that r-modes and hot spots are assumed simultaneously
The hot spot locate on the surface of the neutron star and dont interact with r-mode thermally This r-mode is
the wave in a rotating and magnetized neutron star (Lee 2009) The neutron star is assumed to be threaded by a
dipole magnetic field which strength B0 at the surface is 1010
G This strength of 1010
G is typically value in
low-mass X-ray binary systems It is calculated in a neutron star model composed of a fluid ocean a solid crust
and a fluid core The fluid core is treated to be non-magnetic to assume that magnetic pressure is much smaller than
the gas pressure there
In addition to fitting to the present observation we researched what light curves can be observed And we also
researched whether we can detect the oscillation due to r-mode if it exist in neutron stars We found that its
detectability is strong enough in present observation accuracy The oscillation have never observed yet But if it is
detected information about neutron stars inner structure will be also derived
Po-46
CMB Bispectrum from the Second-Order Cosmological Perturbations
Daisuke Nitta
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
We calculate the bispectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature anisotropies induced
by the second-order fluctuations in the Boltzmann equation In this poster we consider the terms that are products
of the first-order perturbations and leave intrinsically second-order terms and perturbations in the recombination
history
We show that the bispectrum has the maximum signal in the squeezed triangles similar to the local-type
primordial bispectrum as both types generate non-linearities via products of the first-order terms in position space
However detailed calculations show that their shapes are sufficiently different the cross-correlation coefficient
reaches 05 at the maximum multipole of l_max~ 200 and then weakens to 03 at l_max~ 2000 The
differences in shape arise from (i) the way the acoustic oscillations affect the bispectrum and (ii) the second-order
effects not being scale-invariant This implies that the contamination of the primordial bispectrum due to the
second-order effects (from the products of the first-order terms) is small The expected signal-to-noise ratio of the
products of the first-order terms is ~ 04 at l_max~ 2000 for a full-sky cosmic variance limited experiment
We therefore conclude that the products of the first-order terms may be safely ignored in the analysis of the
future CMB experiments The expected contamination of the local-form f_NL is f^local_NL~ 09 at
l_max~ 200 and f^local_NL~ 05 at l_max~ 2000
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 95
Po-47
General Properties of Non-Radial Pulsations
Aprilia
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
Po-48
A Study on Mathematical Fuzzy Logic
Ahmad Termimi Bin Ab Ghani
Mathematical institute Tohoku University
We study some important properties of mathematical fuzzy logic based on the logical systems BL and BLforall
(basic fuzzy propositional and predicate logic) such as computational complexity of fuzzy propositional calculi We
also discuss arithmetical complexity issues which treat the degrees of undecidability of fuzzy predicate calculi
Finally we investigate some open problems concerning the arithmetical complexity on monadic logic and the
corresponding Σ1-completeness (Π1- completeness)
Reference
[1] Haacutejek P Godo L Esteva F A complete many-valued logic with product conjunction Arch Math Logic 35
(1996) 191-208
[2] Haacutejek P Metamathematics of fuzzy logic Kluwer 1998
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
96 |
[3] Haacutejek P Fuzzy logic and arithmetical hierarchy III Studia logica 68 (2001) 129-142
[4] Haacutejek P Monadic fuzzy predicate logic Studia logica 71 (2002) 165-175
Po-49
Some space-time integrability estimates of the solution for heat
equations in two dimension
Norisuke Ioku Mathematical institute Tohoku University
Po-50
Well-posedness for Navier-Stokes equations in modulation spaces with
negative derivative indices
Tsukasa Iwabuchi
Mathematical institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 97
Po-51
The soul conjecture for Riemannian orbifolds
Naoki Oishi
Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
In 1994 Perelman solved the Cheeger-Gromoll soul conjecture ldquoIf a smooth non-compact complete Riemannian
manifold M of nonnegative curvature has positive curvature at a point then its soul is an one point set
Consequently M is diffeomorphic to a Euclidean spacerdquo But he couldnt generalize the theorem to Alexandrov
spaces We show an analogous result to the theorem for Riemannian orbifolds which belong to Alexandrov spaces
Po-52
A new approach to the existence of harmonic maps
Toshiaki Omori
Mathematical Institute D2 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
98 |
Po-53
Stability of the interface of a Hele-Shaw flow with two injection points
Michiaki Onodera
Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 99
Po-54
THE ISOMORPHISM BETWEEN MOTIVIC COHOMOLOGY AND K-GROUPS FOR EQUI-CHARACTERISTIC REGULAR LOCAL
RINGS
Yuki Kato
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-55
Bifurcations in semilinear elliptic equations on thin domains
Toru Kan
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-56
ON THE CURVATURE OF THE PSEUDO-VOLUME FORM
DEFINING THE CARATH_EODORY MEASURE
HYPERBOLICITY
Shin Kikuta
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
100 |
Po-57
Goumldels Incompleteness Theorem Recursively Axiomatizable Theories
and Medvedev Degrees of Unsolvability
Takayuki Kihara
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 101
Po-58
Hypergeometric series on a p-adic field
Kensaku Kinjo
Mathematical Institute Tohoku Univercity D2
Po-59
On Hasse principle of purely transcendental extension field
in one variable
Makoto Sakagaito
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
The map from the Brauer group of a global field to the product of the Brauer groups of the completions (the
local-global map) is known to be injective This classical result is called the Hasse principle In the case of positive
characteristic global fields are algebraic function fields in one variable over finite fields Related to this classical
result I studied the question of whether the Hasse principle holds in the case where the field is a purely transcendental
extension in one variable of any field Assuming a certain property of the edge map of a certain Leray spectral
sequence I ascertained the result that the local-global map of a purely transcendental extension field restricted to a
certain subgroup is injective In the case where m is a natural number prime to the characteristic of the ground field
the subgroup contains the m-torsion-part of the Brauer group of the purely transcendental extension field In the case
where the ground field is a perfect field the subgroup coincides with the Brauer group of the purely transcendental
extension field
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
102 |
Po-60
Large time behavior of solutions for system
of nonlinear damped wave equations
Hiroshi Takeda Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
We consider the Cauchy problem for a system of semilinear damped wave equations with small initial dataWe
derive the asymptotic profile of the nonlinear system corresponding to the results for the nonlinear single equation
and we obtain the sufficient condition of the growth order on the nonlinear term to ensure the existence of the
solution with the optimal decay Our proof is based on the analysis for the fundamental solutions of the linear
damped wave equation
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 103
Po-61
Non-abelian generalization of Iwasawa theory
Kazuaki Tajima
Mathematical Institute D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
104 |
Po-62
The quadratic subextension of the class field of a real quadratic field
Toshihide Doi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-63
Pattern formation by receptor-based models for regeneration
experiments on Hydra
Madoka Nakayama
Mathematical Institute D2 Tohoku University
Hydra is a small animal living in fresh water which is best known for its ability of regeneration When a hydra is
cut into two pieces two hydras will regenerate There has been several mathematical models proposed to describe
this experiment A classical model proposed by Gierer and Meinhardt in 1972 is based on the idea of diffusion-
driven instability between two chemicals called activator and inhibitor Recently Anna Marciniak proposed new
regeneration models from a more biologically refined viewpoint Her models consist of free and bound receptors
ligands and an enzyme and a head is formed at place of higher bound receptor concentration We discuss stability of
its stationary solutions It turns out that the mechanism producing non-trivial spatial patterns has a similarity with that
of MacWilliams reaction diffusion model
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 105
Po-64
The computational methods of canonical heights on elliptic curve
Tadahisa Nara
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Heights of points is numerical size of the points for certain arithmetic Canonical height is one of heights which
is defined on elliptic curves Studying canonical heights gives us information about structure of Mordell-Weil
groups In general canonical height is defined as a limit and it is not easy to compute it In the poster we introduce
more practical methods for computation by Tate and Silverman which are considered to be suitable for also
uniform estimate For an application of that we consider generators on some families of elliptic curves
Po-65
Spatial branching process in random environment
Nishimori Yasuhito
Mathematical Institute D1 Tohoku University
Po-66
On a periodic decomposition of meromorphic functions
Takanao Negishi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
106 |
Po-67
Difficulties of solving problems
Kojiro Higuchi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 107
Po-68
Undecidability and weak theory of concatenation
Yoshihiro Horihata
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-69
Daviesrsquo Conjecture for Pseudo-Schroumldinger Operators and its
Applications to Penalization Problem
Masakuni Matsuura
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
108 |
Po-70
TORSION POINTS OF ABELIAN VARIETIES WITH VALUES IN
INFINITE EXTENSION FIELDS
Yuken Miyasaka
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 109
Po-71
Maximum principle for a biological model related to the motion of
amoebae
Harunori Monobe Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
110 |
Po-72
Asymptotic behaviour of solutions to the drift-diffusion equation
in the whole spaces
Masakazu Yamamoto
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
We consider the initial value problem for the Nernt-Planck drift-diffusion equation in the whole spaces Our
model is a system of the nonlinear parabolic equation and the Poisson equation The drift-diffusion equation is a
model of the plasma dynamics The solutions of this equation stand for the density of the charges and the electric
potential We study the large-time behavior of the solution to the drift-diffusion equation by deriving the asymptotic
expansion of the solution Especially we discuss the contrast between the odd-dimensional cases and the
even-dimensional cases
Po-73
A study of the idea of systematic knowledge On the relation between
nature and spirit in the organizational view of nature
Fukuko Abe
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In the studies of the humanities and science which have become increasingly technical sophisticated and
interdisciplinary the idea of the assimilation of literature and science attracted growing academic interest in recent
years This idea naturally requires not the aggregate but systematic knowledge accompanied by a philosophy that
addresses the question of what it is that we conceive as knowledge It was the German philosophy as it evolved
during the 18-19th century which based on works on systematic or speculative knowledge attempted to establish
an organizational view of nature becoming known under the notion of natural philosophy Here nature and spirit
which were traditionally conceived as divided notions within the mechanical view on nature were now viewed in a
new light as something unified through life Although modern natural philosophy contains a large number of
difficult questions with regard to its present-day validity this study investigates based on the currents of the
organizational view on nature in contemporary philosophy the relation between nature and spirit in this particular
theoretical notion as well as the systematic knowledge itself which attempts to apprehend such an organizational
whole
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 111
Po-74
Medical technology and surrogate decision-making
Haruka Hikasa
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Consensus-building in science technology generally presumes the autonomous individual With regard to
medical technology it is bioethics which emphasizes the principle of respecting the autonomy of the individual Yet
in the case of some patients only insufficient autonomy is granted or may even be absent Consider for example
newborns suffering a serious illness or patients who are in a persistent vegetative state caused by brain death or
who suffer from dementia or mental illness Thus it appears reasonable to engage in an argumentation in order to
seek specific criteria for surrogate decision-making with regard to such incompetent patients
If a patient is not competent allowing this person to choose or to refuse treatment who should be allowed in what
fashion to make a decision in the interest of this patient In conventional bioethics standards for surrogate
decision-making are often distinguished into substituted judgment (pure autonomy) and decisions judged from what
is conceived to be in the best interest of the patient
It appears to me however that these standards involve ethical problems such as the validity of the precedent
autonomy and evaluation of the potential burden of benefits for the patient In this presentation I wish to discuss
the framework of standards for surrogate decision-making in order to make decisions on behalf of individuals
incompetent to seek decisions on their own
Po-75
Humersquos empiricism and the experimental method of reasoning
Hiromichi Sugawara
Philosophy D1 Tohoku University
David Hume was a Scottish philosopher and historian who lived in the 18th
century Humersquos work is usually
classified as the most significant work in the tradition of empiricism Empiricism is generally defined as the view
according to which knowledge and understanding derives from experience (via the senses) The methodology of
Humersquos inquiry is explicitly described in the subtitle of his famous first work A Treatise of Human Nature Being
an Attempt to Introduce the Experimental Method of Reasoning into Moral Subjects It is said that Humersquos method
of reasoning was influenced by the scientific method applied by Newton articulated in his Philosophiae Naturalis
Principia Mathematica However the influence of Newtonrsquos thought on Hume is not necessarily definite Therefore
it seems to me that Humersquos empiricism remains open to various interpretations Therefore in this presentation I
wish to demonstrate the experimental method of reasoning influenced by Newton and the empirical attitude
initially attempted by Hume
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
112 |
Po-76
Epistemic deference and transmission of knowledge
How should we (non-scientists) acquire warranted beliefs about
scientific propositions
Mariko Nihei
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Suppose I have heard that a quark is a fundamental particle from an expert in particle physics and I believe it is
true even though I do not have direct evidence or a clear notion concerning what a quark is or what counts as a
fundamental particle Then how do I know that a quark is a fundamental particle For non-scientists most of
scientific knowledge would fit this situation But at the same time it is difficult to acquire all relevant evidence
concerning particular situations by ourselves because we do not go through extensive specialized training
Moreover there is too much ldquoscientific knowledgerdquo in the world while at the same time our intellect remains too
limited Thus in this presentation drawing on recent arguments about ldquoepistemic deferencerdquo and transmission of
knowledge between non-scientists and scientists (here esp Hardwig 19851988 Brewer 19982006) I attempt to
demonstrate a possible epistemological scheme for how and when we as non-scientists acquire warranted beliefs
about technical or scientific propositions without possessing evidence for such beliefs by our own ability The
conceptual scheme which I will provide here will be useful for the practice of facilitating scientific communication
Po-77
The Finiteness of Human Beings and the Role of Technology
Ryozo Suzuki
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Human beings lead a life in uneasiness and search for something reliable Where does this feeling derive from
What does ldquoreliablerdquo refer to
In the first place organisms fight and eat each other ldquoLiferdquo (in German Leben) produces the tissues of itself and
survives after these die Human beings live in the same fashion We fight for survival kill other lives and produce
children who live over the death of their parents Parents seek the ldquodurabilityrdquo or ldquochangelessnessrdquo of themselves in
their children Hegel points out that this intuition (in German Anschauung) maintains the elementary reliability and
easiness of everyday life Therefore it seems that in here we find the reason why our deepest interest in science
technology at present concentrates on reproductive technologies
According to thinkers such as Hegel or Gehlen technology guards us against excessive emotions which derive
from ldquoliferdquo The process of life gives birth to us Yet life for itself is relevant to the existence of ldquoIrdquo as an individual
Therefore we as individuals possess a fear of death which characterizes life as a notion of ambiguity It is this
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 113
nature which generates a fundamental uneasiness in us From the point of practical significance technology
encompasses a deep relation with the hope for durability (ldquoeternityrdquo) against lifersquos changeability or ambiguity We
tend to favor artificial things which are stable and continue to exist longer than we do (in this sense Gehlen has
pointed out the reason for why human beings come to depend on petrochemistry) Therefore we may say that we
are more fetishistic than ever
Po-78
What is ethically problematic in Biogenetics
Takuma Obara
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In this presentation I will consider some of the ethical problems in biogenetics that we are confronted with
today
With the scientific breakthroughs achieved in biogenetics it will be possible to manipulate the genome Once
we obtain knowledge then there is no return to innocent ignorance If we know how to improve ourselves why
should we abstain from doing so Frankly speaking there are no reasons why we should do so Yet the point here
is that an attempt to achieve onersquos goal with the help of such technology would result in the contrary We are severe
on the difference between what belongs to a person and what does not while we highly value the former Therefore
external manipulations result in failure to gain estimation from other people
We also estimate onersquos efforts to achieve such goal even if those efforts have not been marked by success On
the contrary if one strengthens his common abilities with external manipulations such as drugs we despise such
person However if one reinforces his effort what should we do It is apparent that this person applies external
manipulations while undergoing severe experiences In other words are we able to draw a line of division between
the internal and the external within an individual Moreover should we evaluate a talent belonging to a person
without any conditionality These this presentation wishes to argue describe the actual problems which we should
consider and develop answers to once biogenetic manipulations are realized
Po-79
The ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude
Tetsurou Yamashita
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
If we conceive scientific activities radically that is in terms of the ontological structure of the human being we
may understand that science is not the primary way of our being but a modification of practical activities in
everydayness Through the ontological change from the practical attitude in which we are concerned with beings
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
114 |
(entities) in a specific context we can shift to a theoretical attitude which enables us to thematize beings clearly
from a free (independent) viewpoint The theoretical attitude is a condition for the possibility of the discovery of
beings Yet its discovery confines itself to a limited discovery for the theoretical attitude articulates various ways
of being folded wholly into the practical attitude in everydayness as the foundation for the discovery therefore it
thematizes beings from a voluntary but single viewpoint (way of being) Based on these circumstances in this
presentation I will sketch the process of the ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude while considering the
ontological significance and limits of this theoretical attitude In doing so this presentation will draw heavily on
Martin Heideggerrsquos ontological insights regarding the human being
Po-80
Risk uncertainty and the precautionary principle
How to deal with scientific uncertainty
Yasuhiko Fujio
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In the age of industrialized societies we are exposed to many risks deriving from the development of science
and technology Therefore we are in need of a risk analysis and management in order to coexist with these
numerous risks Many of these approaches addressing such risks are based on the theory of probability or statistics
yet these approaches are not always helpful
We cannot obtain full knowledge of the events occurring in the future thus we must base our risk analysis and
management on probabilistic or statistical approaches and assess the occurrence of events probabilistically or
statistically However there are some realms of science in which we cannot use such approaches because of a lack
of sufficient scientific knowledge with regard to complex phenomena like global warming Notwithstanding we
must make decisions despite such scientific uncertainty caused by insufficient knowledge of events which might
bring about crucial risks
In order to cope with such uncertainty and evade catastrophic disasters we might have to introduce a
ldquoprecautionary principlerdquo which requires that we should adopt approaches such as regulating or banning the use of
chemical substances or technology to protect the human health and the environment despite the lack of sufficient
scientific certainty
In this presentation I wish to examine the notion of scientific uncertainty with regard to complicated events
and the precautionary principle as a reasonable principle for decision making confronted with such uncertainty
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 115
Po-81
The mechanism of suppressed dynamical friction in a constant density
core of dwarf galaxies
Shigeki Inoue
Astronomy D2 Tohoku University
The dynamical friction problem is a long-standing dilemma In dwarf galaxy dynamical friction is too effective for their
globular clusters (hereafter GCs) to keep their orbital motion Nonetheless these GCs do exist even in current dwarfs However
if dwarf galaxies have a cored dark matter halo which has a constant density region in its center the dynamical friction is
significantly weakened (suppressed dynamical friction) But the mechanism of the suppressed dynamical friction has not been
clarified yet By means of N-body simulation I discuss the mechanism of the suppressed dynamical friction
Memo
Tohoku University Aobayama Campus
Aobayama Cumpus
Graduate School Faculty of Science
6-3 Aoba Aramaki Aoba-ku SENDAI 980-8578
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 9
Special Session Room 203
1610
~
1640
Yousuke Itoh
(Astronomy)
Masaru
Yonehara
(Philosophy)
Seigo Souma
(Condensed
Matter
Physics) 1600
~
1630
Jie Meng
(Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
1635
~
1705
Huaizhe Xu
(Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University
China)
1650
~
1720
Tomohiro
Yoshikawa
(Astronomy)
Shun Sato
(Philosophy)
Ryo Nouchi
(Condensed
Matter
Physics)
Poster Session Entrance hall Collaborative Research Session
1710
~
1830
Research Assistants present their research
(Posters will be exhibited until 1330 of
February 19 Fri)
1730
~
1800
Takatsugu
Ishikawa
(Physics)
Katsuhiko
Sato
(Physics)
Yousuke
Itoh
(Astronomy)
Yuri Shimizu
(Physics)
Keita
Yokoyama
(Mathematics)
Yosuke
Takubo
(Physics)
Sumio
Yamada
(Mathematics)
1820
~
2000
Banquet
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
10 |
SpeakersTitles
February 18 Thursday
0930 - Kunio INOUE (GCOE program leader) ndash ldquoOpening addressrdquo (Main Lecture Hall)
Plenary Session
Chairmen H Tamura T Kawakatsu Y Hirayama Main Lecture Hall
0930 -1020 Indranil MAZUMDAR (Chairman H Tamura)
(Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research India)
ldquoHalo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fanordquo
1030 ndash 1120 Philippe MARCQ (Chairman T Kawakatsu)
(Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie Curie Institut Curie France)
ldquoMechanics of Stress Fibersrdquo
1130 ndash 1220 Young-Woo SON (Chairman Y Hirayama)
(Condensed Matter Physics KIAS Korea)
ldquoRelativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters ndash Graphene and othersrdquo
1230 ndash 1350 Lunch
Parallel Session A - Particle Nuclear Astro-physics Group
Chairman K Hikasa Room205
1350 ndash 1420 Masaki ASANO (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoGeneral WIMP search at International Linear Colliderrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Kazunori KOHRI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoPrimordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmologyrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masafumi KURACHI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoHiggsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breakingrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Parallel Session B ndash Condensed Matter Physics Group Nuclear Physics
Chairman R Saito Room203
1350 ndash 1420 Jinsung PARK (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University )
ldquoExciton effect of Raman resonance window of single wall carbon nanotubesrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Tatsuro YUGE (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoProperties of response function of nonequilibrium steady staterdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Hidekatsu NEMURA (Nuclear Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoHyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCDrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Parallel Session C ndash Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Chairman H Kozono Room204
1350 ndash 1420 Yoshihiro UEDA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoApplication of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem for damped wave equation
with non-convexityrdquo
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 11
1430 ndash 1500 Yuichi NOHARA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoToric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systemsrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Shota SATO (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoSingular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of a Semilinear Parabolic Equationrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Special Session
Chairman O Hashimoto Room203
1600 ndash 1630 Jie Meng
(Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
ldquoCovariant density functional theory for Nuclear structure and application in astrophysicsrdquo
1635 ndash 1705 Huaizhe Xu (Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University China)
ldquoControl of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism in ZnO based
DMSrdquo
Poster Session
Entrance hall of ldquoSogotohrdquo
1710 ndash 1830 80 Research assistants present their research
February 19 Friday
Plenary Session
Chairmen K Naoe R Miyaoka T Futamase Main Lecture Hall
0930 -1020 Jenann ISMAEL (Philosophy University of Arizona USA and University of Sydney
Australia) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoA Fresh Direction for Quantum Research What Might Entanglement Be Telling Usrdquo
1030 ndash 1120 Ryushi GOTO (Mathematics Osaka University Japan) (Chairman R Miyaoka)
ldquoCalabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structuresrdquo
1130 ndash 1220 Jean COUPON (Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France)
(Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoProbing the large scale structure in the Universe with CFHTLSrdquo
1230 ndash 1350 Lunch
Parallel Session A ndash Particle Nuclear Astro-physics Group
Chairmen H Tamura T Futamase Room205
1350 ndash 1420 Yoshiyuki ONUKI (Particle Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoMeasurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle angle phi3 at Belle experimentrdquo
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
12 |
1430 ndash 1500 Takeshi KOIKE (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoHypernuclear γ-ray spectroscopy at J-PARCrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masatoshi ITOH (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoSearch for the alpha cluster condensed state in 16
0rdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University) (Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoA dipole anisotropy of galaxy distribution Does the CMB rest frame exist in the local universerdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Tomohiro YOSHIKAWA (Astronomy Tohoku University) (Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoMOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies at the Star-Forming Epoch of the Universerdquo
Parallel Session B ndash Condensed Matter Physics Group
Chairmen Y Kuramoto T Takahashi Room203
1350 ndash 1420 Ken-Ichiro IMURA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoFrom graphene to Z2 topological insulatorrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Katsuhiko SATO (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoShear-induced phase separation of complex fluidsrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Hojun IM (Condensed Matter Physics Hirosaki University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoCe 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum critical point
a resonant angle-resolved photoemission studyrdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Seigo SOUMA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Takahashi)
ldquoSpin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of Rashba effect on semi-metal surfacerdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Ryo NOUCHI (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Takahashi)
ldquoMetal-contact effect on graphenerdquo
Parallel Session C ndash Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Chairmen T Shioya K Naoe Room204
1350 ndash 1420 Masahiro FUTAKI (Mathematics The University of Tokyo) (Chairman T Shioya)
ldquoAround Homological Mirror Symmetryrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Tatsuki KAWAKAMI (Mathematics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Shioya)
ldquoOn the heat equation in a half space with a nonlinear boundary conditionrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masahiko IGASHIRA (Philosophy Osaka University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoAn Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mindrdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Masaru YONEHARA (Philosophy Tohoku University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoUtilitarianism and Rawlsrdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Shun SATO (Philosophy Tohoku University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoHusserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience in Transcendental Phenomenologyrdquo
Collaborative Research Session A
Chairman K Inoue Room205
1730 ndash 1740 Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoResearch Center for Electron Photon Science (Laboratory of Nuclear Science) Development of an
electro-magnetic calorimter made up of ceramic PrLuAG scintillatorrdquo
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 13
1740 ndash 1750 Yuri SHIMIZU (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoStudy of geo neutrinos with KamLANDrdquo
1750 ndash 1800 Sumio YAMADA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoGeometric Analysis on Einstein Equationrdquo
Collaborative Research Session B
Chairman H Yamamoto Room203
1730 ndash 1740 Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
ldquoStudy of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed matter in gravitational wave
astronomyrdquo
1745 ndash 1755 Yosuke TAKUBO (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoDevelopment of Readout Board for FPCCD Detectorrdquo
Collaborative Research Session C
Chairman T Ogawa Room204
1730 ndash 1840 Katsuhiko SATO (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoTheoretical formulation of morphology dynamics of membranes based on a combination of
mathematical models and differential geometryrdquo
1745 ndash 1755 Keita YOKOYAMA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoThe search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics from the logical and
philosophical point of viewrdquo
1820 ndash 2000 Banquet
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
14 |
Talks
Plenary Session
Talk-1 ldquoHalo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fanordquo
Indranil MAZUMDAR (Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research India)
Talk-2 ldquoMechanics of Stress Fibersrdquo
Philippe MARCQ (Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie Curie Institut Curie France)
Talk-3 ldquoRelativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters ndash Graphene and othersrdquo
Young-Woo SON (Physics KIAS Korea)
Talk-4 ldquoA Fresh Direction for Quantum Research What Might Entanglement Be Telling Usrdquo
Jenann ISMAEL (Philosophy University of Arizona USA and University of Sydney Australia)
Talk-5 ldquoCalabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structuresrdquo
Ryushi GOTO (Mathematics Osaka University Japan)
Talk-6 ldquoProbing the large scale structure in the Universe with CFHTLSrdquo
Jean COUPON (Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France)
Special Session
Talk-7 ldquoCovariant density functional theory for Nuclear structure and application in astrophysicsrdquo
Jie Meng (Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
Talk-8 ldquoControl of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism in ZnO based DMS rdquo
Huaizhe Xu (Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University China)
Parallel Session A ndash ParticleNuclearAstoro- Physics Group
Talk-9 ldquoGeneral WIMP search at International Linear Colliderrdquo
Masaki ASANO (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-10 ldquoPrimordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmologyrdquo
Kazunori KOHRI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 15
Talk-11 ldquoHiggsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breakingrdquo
Masafumi KURACHI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-12 ldquoMeasurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle angle phi3 at Belle
experimentrdquo
Yoshiyuki ONUKI (Particle Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-13 ldquoHypernuclear γ-ray spectroscopy at J-PARCrdquo
Takeshi KOIKE (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-14 ldquoSearch for the alpha cluster condensed state in 16
0rdquo
Masatoshi ITOH (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-15 ldquoA dipole anisotropy of galaxy distribution Does the CMB rest frame exist in the local
universerdquo
Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Talk-16 ldquoMOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies at the Star-Forming Epoch
of the Universerdquo
Tomohiro YOSHIKAWA (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Parallel Session B - Condensed Matter Group Nuclear Physics
Talk-17 ldquo Exciton effect of Raman resonance window of single wall carbon nanotubesrdquo
Jinsung PARK (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-18 ldquoProperties of response function of nonequilibrium steady staterdquo
Tatsuro YUGE (Condensed Matter Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-19 ldquoHyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCDrdquo
Hidekatsu NEMURA (Nuclear Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-20 ldquo From graphene to Z2 topological insulatorrdquo
Ken-Ichiro IMURA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-21 ldquoShear-induced phase separation of complex fluidsrdquo
Katsuhiko SATO (Condensed Matter Theory Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
16 |
Talk-22 ldquoCe 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum critical point
a resonant angle-resolved photoemission studyrdquo
Hojun IM (Condensed Matter Physics Hirosaki University)
Talk-23 ldquoSpin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of Rashba effect on semi-metal surfacerdquo
Seigo SOUMA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-24 ldquoMetal-contact effect on graphenerdquo
Ryo NOUCHI (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Parallel Session C - Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Talk-25 ldquoApplication of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem for damped wave
equation with non-convexityrdquo
Yoshihiro UEDA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-26 ldquoToric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systemsrdquo
Yuichi NOHARA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-27 ldquoSingular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of a Semilinear Parabolic Equationrdquo
Shota SATO (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-28 ldquoAround Homological Mirror Symmetryrdquo
Masahiro FUTAKI (Mathematics the University of Tokyo)
Talk-29 ldquoOn the heat equation in a half space with a nonlinear boundary conditionrdquo
Tatsuki KAWAKAMI (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-30 ldquoAn Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mindrdquo
Masahiko IGASHIRA (Frontier Biosciences Osaka University)
Talk-31 ldquoUtilitarianism and Rawlsrdquo
Masaru YONEHARA (Philosophy Tohoku University)
Talk-32 ldquoHusserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience in Transcendental
Phenomenologyrdquo
Shun SATO (Philosophy Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 17
Parallel Session ndash Collaborative Research
Talk-33 ldquoDevelopment of an electro-magnetic calorimter made up of ceramic PrLuAG scintillatorrdquo
Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-34 ldquoStudy of geo neutrinos with KamLANDrdquo
Yuri SHIMIZU (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-35 ldquoGeometric Analysis on Einstein Equationrdquo
Sumio YAMADA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-36 ldquoStudy of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed matter in gravitational
wave astronomyrdquo
Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Talk-37 ldquoDevelopment of Readout Board for FPCCD Detectorrdquo
Yosuke TAKUBO (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-38 ldquoTheoretical formulation of morphology dynamics of membranes based on a combination of
mathematical models and differential geometryrdquo
Katsuhiko SATO (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-39 ldquoThe search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics from the logical and
philosophical point of viewrdquo
Keita YOKOYAMA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
18 |
Poster presentations PO no Title Name
1 Coherent control of excited states by multipulse photo excitation
Kenta Abe (Physics D2 Tohoku Univ)
2 de Haas ndashvan Alphen effect studies in the Antiferro-Quadrupolar ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3
Toshiyuki Isshiki (Physics D3 Tohoku Univ)
3 Measurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum in the Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHC
Takumi Ito (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
4 In situ NMR imaging of lithium- ion batteries during chargedischarge cycle
Yoshiki Iwai (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
5 Crack propagation in largely deformed rubber sheet
Daiki Endo (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
6 Optical response of photonic crystal with multi-layered structure
Rihei Endo (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
7 Pseudo-spin Kondo effect in a capacitively-coupled parallel double quantum dot
Yuma OKAZAKI (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
8 Spin and charge dynamics in a photo-excited double exchange system
Yu Kanamori (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
9 Observation of 8B Solar Neutrinos with KamLAND
Yoshiaki Kibe (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
10 z~3 LYMAN BREAK GALAXY CLUSTER SURVEY IN SSA22 WITH VIMOS
Katsuki Kousai (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
11 EELS and SXES studies of electronic structures of Al-TM alloys
Shogo Koshiya (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
12 Comparison of membrane physical property changes between DMPC membrane and DMPE membrane induced by melittin
Atsuji Kodama (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
13 Resonant x-ray scattering experiment on Pr(Ru1-xRhx)4P12
Kotaro Saito (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
14 Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
15 Pressure dependence of B-T phase diagram in heavy-fermion superconductor CeRhSi3
Tetsuya Sugawara (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
16 Neutral meson photoproduction with electromagnetic calorimeter complex FOREST
Koutaku Suzuki (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
17 Micro-photoluminescence around spin phase transition of ν=23 fractional quantum Hall regime
Jun-ichiro Hayakawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 19
18 Ionic conductivity of Trehalose-Water-Lithium iodide mixture in glass and supercooled liquid state
Reiji Takekawa (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
19 Progress of the new DAQ system for wide-band solar neutrino observation with KamLAND
Takemoto Yasuhiro (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
20 Double Chooz PMT preparation
TABATA Hiroshi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
21 Effects of lanthanoid ion on phosphate head groups in DMPC membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures
Kouya Tamatsukuri (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
22 Status of double beta decay experiment with KamLAND
Azusa Terashima (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
23 Simulations on Dynamics of Wormlike Micellar System Using Particle-Field Hybrid Models
Masatoshi Toda (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
24 Magneto-dielectric phenomena in charge ordered system with frustrated geometrical lattice
Makoto Naka (PhysicsD2 Tohoku University)
25 Pi-mesonic decays of Λ hypernuclei
Yoji Nakagawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
26 Axionic Mirage Mediation
Shuntaro Nakamura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
27 The Study of the Origin of Lyman alpha Emitters with Large Equivalent Widths
Yuki Nakamura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
28 Ultrafast broadband THz response of photo-induced metallic state in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF )2I3
Hideki Nakaya (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
29 Ring-Exchange interaction in Orbital Degenerate System
Joji Nasu (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
30 Shape Memory Effect Induced by Magnetic-Field Rotation in MnV2O4 Spinel Compound
Yoichi Nii (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
31 The ω meson photoproduction on the nucleon in the threshold region
Ryo HASHIMOTO (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
32 Prototype fast imaging detector for YN-scattering
Ryotaro Honda (Physics M1Tohoku University)
33 Ground state phase diagram of graphene in a high Landau level A density matrix renormalization group study
Tatsuya Higashi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
34 Investigation of the n (K0) reaction near the threshold
KFutatsukawa (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
35 Traffic flow of two lanes with a bottleneck
Sho Furuhashi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
20 |
36 Staggered Order with Kondo and Crystalline Field Singlets in f2 System
Shintaro Hoshino (Physics D1Tohoku University)
37 Proton elastic scattering of 9C at 290 MeV
Yohei Matsuda (Physics Assistant professor Tohoku University)
38 High Resolution and High Statistics Λ Hypernuclear Spectroscopy by the (eersquoK+) Reaction
Akihiko Matsumura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
39 External Gamma-ray Backgrounds of the KamLAND Detector
Yukie Minekawa (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
40 Higgs Triplet Model
Yusuke Motoki (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
41 Electron diffraction study of the low temperature phase of Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16
Daisuke Morikawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
42 Light scattering by collective excitation of phonon in quantum paraelectrics
Ryuta Takano (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
43 Formation of the Milky Way Based on the Analysis of Kinematics and Chemical Abundance of the Outer Halo Stars
Miho Ishigaki (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
44 Searching for Luminous Core-Collapsed Supernovae in a High-z Proto-Cluster
Nana Morimoto (Astronomy D1 Tohoku University)
45 A Study of Light Curves from Rapidly Rotating Neutron Stars
Kazutoshi Numata (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
46 CMB Bispectrum from the Second-Order Cosmological Perturbations
Daisuke Nitta (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
47 General Properties of Non-Radial Pulsations
Aprilia (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
48 A Study on Mathematical Fuzzy Logic
Ahmad Termimi Bin Ab Ghani (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
49 Some space-time integrability estimates of the solution for heat equations in two dimension
Norisuke Ioku ( Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
50 Well-posedness for Navier-Stokes equations in modulation spaces with negative derivative indices
Tsukasa Iwabuchi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
51 The soul conjecture for Riemannian orbifolds
Naoki Oishi ( Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
52 A new approach to the existence of harmonic maps
Toshiaki Omori (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
53 Stability of the interface of a Hele-Shaw flow with two injection points
Michiaki Onodera (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 21
54 THE ISOMORPHISM BETWEEN MOTIVIC COHOMOLOGY ANDK-GROUPS FOR
EQUI-CHARACTERISTIC REGULAR LOCAL RINGS
Yuki Kato (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
55 Bifurcations in semilinear elliptic equations on thin domains
Toru Kan (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
56 ON THE CURVATURE OF THE PSEUDO-VOLUME FORM DEFINING THE CARATH_EODORY
MEASURE HYPERBOLICITY
Shin Kikuta (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
57 Goumldels Incompleteness Theorem Recursively Axiomatizable Theories and Medvedev Degrees of Unsolvability
Takayuki Kihara (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
58 Hypergeometric series on a p-adic field
Kensaku Kinjo (Mathematics D2 Tohoku Univercity)
59 On Hasse principle of purely transcendental extension field in one variable
Makoto Sakagaito (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
60 Large time behavior of solutions for system of nonlinear damped wave equations
Hiroshi Takeda (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
61 Non-abelian generalization of Iwasawa theory
Kazuaki Tajima (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
62 The quadratic subextension of the class field of a real quadratic field
Toshihide Doi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
63 Pattern formation by receptor-based models for regeneration experiments on Hydra
Madoka Nakayama (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
64 The computational methods of canonical heights on elliptic curve
Tadahisa Nara (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
65 Spatial branching process in random environment
Nishimori Yasuhito (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
66 On a periodic decomposition of meromorphic functions
Takanao Negishi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
67 Difficulties of solving problems
Kojiro Higuchi (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
68 Undecidability and weak theory of concatenation
Yoshihiro Horihata (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
69 Daviesrsquo Conjecture for Pseudo-Schroumldinger Operators and its Applications to Penalization Problem
Masakuni Matsuura (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
70 TORSION POINTS OF ABELIAN VARIETIES WITH VALUES IN INFINITE EXTENSION FIELDS
Yuken Miyasaka (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
71 Maximum principle for a biological model related to the motion of amoebae
Harunori Monobe (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
22 |
72 Asymptotic behavior of solutions to the drift-diffusion equation in the whole spaces
Masakazu Yamamoto (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
73 A study of the idea of systematic knowledge
On the relation between nature and spirit in the organizational view of nature
Fukuko Abe (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
74 Medical technology and surrogate decision-making
Haruka Hikasa (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
75 Humersquos empiricism and the experimental method of reasoning
Hiromichi Sugawara (Philosophy D1 Tohoku University)
76 Epistemic deference and transmission of knowledge
How should we (non-scientists) acquire warranted beliefs about scientific propositions
Mariko Nihei (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
77 The Finiteness of Human Beings and the Role of Technology
Ryozo Suzuki (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
78 What is ethically problematic in Biogenetics
Takuma Obara (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
79 The ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude
Tetsurou Yamashita (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
80 Risk uncertainty and the precautionary principle How to deal with scientific uncertainty
Yasuhiko Fujio (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
81 The mechanism of suppressed dynamical friction in a constant density core of dwarf galaxies
Shigeki Inoue (Astronomy D2 Tohoku University)
82
83
84
85
86
87
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 23
Abstracts of Talks
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
24 |
Plenary Session
Talk-1
Halo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fano
Indranil Mazumdar
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai 400 005 India
Abstract
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 25
Talk-02
Mechanics of stress fibers
Abstract
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
26 |
Talk-03
Relativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters - Graphene
and others
Young-Woo Son
Korea Institute for Advanced Study
Abstract
Over the last thirty years researchers from various disciplines have interested in the physical properties of
carbon allotropes Half a decade ago a new carbon crystal called graphene was isolated Graphene a hexagonal
lattice of carbon atoms in the two-dimension is a condensed matter realization of the relativistic two-dimensional
Dirac equation After the successful isolations graphene has shown a cornucopia of interesting new physical
phenomena with an exponentially increasing literature The subtle interplays between electronic magnetic optical
geometrical and chemical properties in graphene have offered knotty riddles in various experiments as well as
various theoretical predictions to be verified Beyond its pure scientific thrusts there have been interests in radical
alternatives made of graphene to the conventional electronic devices In this talk I will discuss my recent works as
well as recent progress made in this exciting and fast moving field
Talk-04
Fresh Directions for Quantum Research
What Might Entanglement Be Telling Us
Jenann Ismael
University of Arizona University of Sydney
Abstract
Following a suggestion of David Bohmrsquos I will explore the possibility that phenomena associated with
entanglement and complementarity in quantum mechanics intimate a fundamentally non-spatiotemporal ordering to
reality
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 27
Talk-05
Calabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structures
Ryushi Goto
Osaka University
Abstract
The problem of constructing complete Ricci-flat Einstein manifolds is important for both Physicists and
geometers When the manifolds are compact and Kahler the problem is completely answered by Calabi and Yau
While it is mysterious and difficult for non-compact Kahler manifolds In this talk I will discuss a construction of
Ricci-flat metrics on a class of non-compact Kahler manifolds whose boundary are the cone of the Einstein-Sasaki
manifolds Einstein-Sasaki manifolds are the odd dimensional Einstein manifolds and recently new examples of
irregulat Einstein-Sasaki manifolds are discovered I will show that all resolution of the cone of Einstein-Sasaki
manifolds admit complete Ricci-flat Kahler metrics in every Kahler class by solving the Monge-Ampere equation
Many examples of Ricci-flat Kahler metrics arise as the resolution of the cone
Talk-06
Probing the Large Scale Structure in the Universe with the CFHTLS
Jean Coupon
Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France Tohoku University
Abstract
This talk focuses on the present and ongoing results of the Canada-France-Hawaii Legacy Survey (CFHTLS)
Recent progresses in observational cosmology have put tight constraints on the Standard Cosmological Model but
Dark Matter and Dark Energy remain the main unsolved questions By measuring the matter power spectrum in the
Universe one is able to study the properties and evolution of the Dark content I will present two complementary
methods among the most powerful ones to explore the large scale structure in the Universe First is the probe of the
total amount of matter through weak gravitational lensing (cosmic shear) and second is the study of galaxy
clustering in the framework of the Dark Matter halo model In addition considering that photometric redshifts are
solely capable to be measured for millions of galaxies I will demonstrate why they are essential to modern
cosmology and how to estimate precise values I will explain why the CFHTLS is best suited for these kinds of
analysis and I will show the most recent results Although cosmic shear probes are a very promising tool I will
explain why it is also challenging In particular I will emphasize some of the problems faced by observers
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
28 |
Special Session
Talk-07
COVARIANT DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY FOR NUCLEAR
STRUCTURE AND APPLICATION IN ASTROPHYSICS
J Meng
School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering Beihang University
Beijing 100191 China
The covariant density functional theory (DFT) with a minimal number of parameters allows a very successful
phenomenological description of ground state properties of nuclei all over the periodic table Recent progresses on
the application of the covariant density functional theory as well as its extensions by the group in Beijing for a
series of interests and hot topics in nuclear astrophysics and nuclear structure are reviewed including the rapid
neutron-capture process ThU chronometer halo and giant halo in density dependent relativistic
Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov and neutron halo in deformed nuclei
Talk-08
Control of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism
in ZnO based DMS
Huaizhe Xu
Department of Physics Beihang University Beijing 100191 P R China
Diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) have attracted growing interest because of their rich physics and
potential for new device applications in the field of spintronics However a basic requirement for practical
applications of ferromagnetic DMS is the achievement of Curie temperatures TC well exceeding room temperature
Based on the mean field theory Dietl et al had predicted that transition-metal doped ZnO might be one of the most
prospective candidates for realizing room-temperature DMS which had stimulated a great of interesting on the
ZnO based DMS However as the evidences for both intrinsic and the extrinsic ferromagnetism of Zn1-xCoxO have
been experimentally observed the origin of the ferromagnetism was in intensive dispute In order to clear the
confusions on the structure and the ferromagnetic origin of Zn1-xCoxO we have systemically investigated the
structure and the ferromagnetism of the Zn1-xCoxO nanocrystals Our experimental results indicate that
bull The Co doping concentration in ZnO nanocrystals is only 5 The Co distribution in the nanocrystals is
inhomogeneous for the self-purification mechanism
bull The ferromagnetism of Zn095Co005O has great variations via different post-annealing treatment (O2 Ar
and H2 respectively)The variations of ferromagnetism owing to increase of Vorsquos and the formation of
Co-H-Co stable structures
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 29
bull P-type doping can improve the magnetic coupling between Co ions which is supported by the BMPs
model
bull The inhomogeneous distribution of TM may be the main reason of the current controversy in experimental
results on many of the highly crystallized DMS It should be seriously taken into account in future DMSs
study
Reference
[1] Jianjun Li Weichang Hao Huaizhe Xu et al Journal of Applied Physics 2009 106 063915
[2] Jianjun Li Weichang Hao Huaizhe Xu et al Journal of Applied Physics 2009 105 053907
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
30 |
Parallel Session A (ParticleAstronomy)
Talk-09
General WIMP search at International Linear Collider
Masaki Asano
Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Existence of dark matter in our universe has already been established by recent cosmological observation such
as the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe experiment The most plausible candidate for dark matter is a
Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) Models of the physics beyond the standard model contain a
candidate for WIMP dark matter other new particles (eg charged heavy particle X^-) and new vertices (eg
(WIMP X^- W^+)) We study the process e^+ e^- X^+ X^- WIMP W+ WIMP W^- in order to distinguish
the dark matter nature in the International Linear Collider (ILC) From the study of this process new particle
masses and parameters can be determined very accurately In particular angular distributions are the powerful
probe to investigate the spin of new particles In this study we consider candidates for WIMPs in the
supersymmetric model the little Higgs model and the inert doublet model We investigate the sensitivity of the
measurements to dark matter nature at the ILC based on a realistic Monte Carlo simulation
Talk-10
Primordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmology
Kazunori Kohri
Physics Assistant Tohoku University
Abstract
When we study phenomena occurred at the beginning of the Universe we have to have a birds-eye nature-view for
the hierarchy of physics and employ all connected fields in physics such as particle physics nuclear physics
general relativity astrophysics and cosmology Thus the GCOE program in Tohoku University should be perfect for
us to accomplish this purpose
So far we have confirmed that the standard big-bang cosmology can describe the Universe correctly as far back as
the cosmic time is one second at which big-bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) starts because theoretical predictions of
light element abundances in BBN completely agree with observations Therefore that epoch is the earliest one
after which we understand the Universe by using theoretical physics
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 31
On the other hand in modern particle physics beyond the standard model variety of new phenomena are predicted
in earlier epochs We can check if those new theories are consistent with observations by comparing light element
abundances predicted in each theory with observational data since these new theories easily affect the light element
abundances Thus BBN can verify those hypothetical theories and probe the earlier Universe
In this talk I would like to discuss recent topics in particle cosmology which relates with verifications of new
theories such as supersymmety (SUSY)
Talk-11
Higgsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breaking
Masafumi Kurachi
Physics Assistant Professor Tohoku University
Abstract
It is known that masses of elementary particles are explained by the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the
electroweak symmetry however the origin of the electroweak symmetry breaking has not been identified so far In
the Standard Model of the elementary particles the spontaneous electroweak symmetry breaking is achieved by
introducing an as yet undiscovered scalar particle (Higgs particle) and letting them have the vacuum expectation
value It is true that the Standard Model with Higgs particle is consistent with numerous numbers of experiments
which have been done so far however Higgs sector of the Standard Model itself has several theoretical problems
One of the most serious problem is the hierarchy problem which originates from the fact that the mass of the scalar
particle is not protected by the symmetry in the Standard Model Because of this many models beyondalternative
to the Standard Model has been proposed In this talk Id like to introduce a Higgsless model as an example of such
models which tries to cure the problem in the Standard Model In the Higgsless model because the Higgs particle is
removed from the Standard Model there is no hierarchy problem from the beginning As a possible new particle
which appears at a TeV scale vector meson is introduced in the model I will explain how to write down the
Lagrangian which describe this situation namely Standard Model - Higgs + vector resonance
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
32 |
Talk-12
Measurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle
angle phi3 at Belle experiment
Yoshiyuki Onuki
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Within the standard model CP violation arises due to a single phase in Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM)
quark mixing matrix Precise measurements of CKM matrix parameters therefore constrain the standard model
and may reveal new source of CP violation Various methods have been proposed to determine the unitarity triangle
angle phi3 of the CKM matrix with B-gtDX decay modes where X represents one or more light mesons In this talk
current experimental status and future prospects of phi3 measurements at Belle experiment will be summarized
Talk-13
Hypernuclear g-ray spectroscopy at J-PARC
Takeshi Koike
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Ordinary matter around us is made of at a subatomic level protons and neutrons However inside of a neutron star
there is a possibility that a matter made of strange particles as well exists These strange particles are called as
hyperons which distinguish themselves from protons and neutrons in having a strange quark or a strange quantum
number A nucleus with a hyperon(s) is then called a hypernucleus Studies of hypernucleus provide us with more
general and unified understanding of nuclear force which is one of the four fundamental forces of nature know to
mankind
Hypernuclei on Earth have artificially been created using particle beams provided by accelerators and been
actively studied experimentally The ongoing experimental efforts have entered a new phase with a commissioning
of an intense proton accelerator J-PARC in Tokai Japan since 2009 One of the main experiments that is planed
and prepared at the J-PARC facility is an ultra precise investigation of structures of various hypenuclei via the
gamma-ray spectroscopy using an array of high purity Germanium detector named as Hyperball-J
In this presentation the present status of Hyperball-J now being constructed will be reported as well as main
physics themes that the experiment strives to reveal
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 33
Talk-14
Search for the alpha condensed state in 16
O
Masatoshi Itoh
Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
34 |
Talk-15
A Dipole Anisotropy of Galaxy Distribution
Does the CMB Rest Frame Exist in the Local Universe
Yousuke Itoh
Astronomy Tohoku University
Abstract
The peculiar motion of the Earth causes a dipole anisotropy modulation in the distant galaxy distribution due to
the aberration effect However the amplitude and angular direction of the effect is not necessarily the same as those
of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) dipole anisotropy due to the growth of cosmic structures In other
words exploring the aberration effect may give us a clue to the horizon-scale physics perhaps related to the cosmic
acceleration In this paper we develop a method to explore the dipole angular modulation from the pixelized galaxy
data on the sky properly taking into account the covariances due to the shot noise and the intrinsic galaxy clustering
contamination as well as the partial sky coverage We applied the method to the galaxy catalogs constructed from
the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 6 data After constructing the four galaxy catalogs that are
different in the ranges of magnitudes and photometric redshifts we found that the two samples of fainter
magnitudes indicate a non-zero dipole anisotropy with amplitudes greater than that of the CMB dipole by a factor
10 and in the angular direction consistent with the CMB direction although the dipole signal is weaker for the other
two samples and is found sensitive to an inclusion of the Southern Galactic Hemisphere region The indicated
bulk-flow amplitude is also not inconsistent with the result implied from a stacked analysis of the kinetic
Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect of X-ray luminous clusters in Kashlinsky et al (20082009) Finally we argue that an
almost full-sky galaxy survey such as LSST may allow for a significant detection of the aberration effect of the
CMB dipole having the precision of constraining the angular direction to ~ 20 degrees in radius
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 35
Talk-16
MOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies
at the Star-Forming Epoch of the Universe
Tomohiro Yoshikawa
Astronomy Tohoku University
Abstract
Recent studies revealed that a significant fraction of stars in the present-day galaxies were formed when the age
of the universe was about a half of the present about a half of the stellar mass in the present universe is formed
during the several Gyrs In order to understand the buildup of stellar mass in galaxies at this epoch it is crucial to
examine the relationship of star formation rate (SFR) to stellar mass However fluxes from distant universe are
redshifted due to the expansion of the universe so that optical fluxes in rest-frame which provide stellar masses
and SFRs of galaxies are redshifted to near-infrared wavelengths
In this talk we present the results of near-infrared multi-object spectroscopic observations for 37 star-forming
galaxies at the high-redshift universe The observations are conducted with Multi-Object InfraRed Camera and
Spectrograph (MOIRCS) on the Subaru Telescope The sample is drawn from the Ks-band (22μm) selected
catalog of the MOIRCS Deep Survey (MODS) in the GOODS-N region To preferentially select actively
star-forming galaxies we put higher priority on the galaxies identified in the publicly available 24μm-source
catalog of the Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer (MIPS)
Hα emission lines were detected from 23 galaxies of which the median redshift is 212 We derived the SFRs
from extinction-corrected Hα luminosities and compared them with stellar masses estimated by SED fitting using
multi-band photometric data covering across UV and near-infrared wavelengths The comparison shows no
correlation between SFR and stellar mass Some galaxies with stellar mass smaller than ~1010
M show SFR
higher than ~100 M yr-1
The specific SFRs (SFR per unit stellar mass SSFRs) of these galaxies are remarkably
high galaxies which have SSFR higher than ~10-8
yr-1
are found in 8 of the present sample The large SFR
implies the possibility that the high SSFR galaxies significantly contribute to the cosmic SFR density of the
universe at z~2 We discuss the star-forming properties of the high SSFR galaxies
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
36 |
Parallel Session B (Condensed MatterNuclear)
Talk-17
Exciton effect of the Raman resonance window of
single wall carbon nanotubes
Jin Sung Park
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
In the Raman excitation profile (RRP) that is Raman intensity as functions of excitation energy an important
parameter for evaluating the population of SWNTs is the Raman resonance window which is defined by an
energy full width at half maximum in the RRP In quantum mechanics is obtained by the uncertainty relation for
the lifetime of the exciton A dominant origin of the lifetime of the exciton in the Raman scattering process is an
inelastic scattering by emitting or absorbing phonons In the previous paper we have calculated the carrier lifetime
by considering electron-phonon interaction and the Fermi golden rule [1] In the case of semicondcuting (S-)
SWNT the calculated values are in a good agreement with the experiment However some deviation between
calculation and experiment appears in a different way for type I and II S-SWNTs in which type I and II S-SWNTs
are defined respectively by [mod(2n+m3)=1] and [mod(2n+m3)=2] for a (nm) SWNT In fact the experimental
values for the type I S-SWNTs are smaller than the calculated ones while those for the type II S-SWNTs are larger
than the calculated one A possible reason for this deviation might come from the exciton effect which we did not
consider in the previous calculation For improving the deviation we calculate the value by considering
exciton-phonon interaction The exciton-phonon matrix element for the electron scattering process can be obtained
by the electron-phonon matrix element weighted by the exciton wave function coefficient [2] which depends on the
chiral angle and diameter In the previous calculation [2] we use a simple tight binding wavefunction for
exciton-phonon interaction but recently the exciton-phonon interaction is calculated by extended tight binding
method We will report the new calculated values and compare with the recent precise measurement by single
nanotube spectroscopy
Reference
1) J S Park et al Phys Rev B 74 165414 (2006)
2) J Jiang et al Phys Rev B 75 035405 (2007)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 37
Talk-18
Properties of response function of nonequilibrium steady state
Tatsuro YUGE
IIAIR Tohoku University
Abstract
Response to an external probe provides various information of a system and is one of the most important
characterizations of it In this talk we consider general properties of linear response functions of nonequilibrium
steady states We derive a microscopic expression of a linear response function for a deterministic model which
covers a wide range of nonequilibrium systems Using the expression we show sum rules and asymptotic behaviors
of it We demonstrate the properties by a molecular dynamics simulation of a numerical model We also discuss the
validity of the properties in a stochastic model
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
38 |
Talk-19
Hyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCD
Hidekatsu Nemura
Department of Physics Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 39
Talk-20
From graphene to Z2 topological insulator
Ken-Ichiro Imura
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
A topological insulator has a remarkable property of being metallic on the surface albeit insulating in the bulk
Recently much focus is on a specific type of topological insulators which is said to be Z2-nontrivial and realized as
a consequence of interplay between spin-orbit coupling and a band structure with effective relativistic dispersion
(electrons satisfy a Dirac equation) Such systems are invariant under time reversal and shows Kramers degeneracy
Graphene is a two-dimensional (2D) implementation of such Dirac electron system which also realizes a
prototype [1] of Z2 topological insulator in the presence of intrinsic and extrinsic (Rashba) spin-orbit interactions
Recently we were able characterize specific localization properties of this system in the presence of weak disorder
and under doping [2] We have shown in particular that localization symmetry class is determined by the parity of
the total number Ns of ldquoactivatedrdquo effective spins in the system Our diagnosis provides a contemporary version of
the weak localization theory
The correspondence between the physics of bulk and of the edge highlights the physics of a topological insulator
[3] To demonstrate we make a close comparison between the continuum Dirac theory and the square lattice
tight-binding model [4] for a Z2-topological insulator in 2D It is naturally shown that not only explicit but also
hidden Dirac cones in the high-energy spectrum contribute to and ensure the integral quantization of spin Hall
conductance The nature of gapless edge modes in the lattice model under different (straight vs zigzag) boundary
conditions is extensively studied We demonstrate that the edge modes of a Z2-topological insulator are susceptible
of various finite size effects in comparison with chiral edge modes of quantum Hall insulator By comparing the
behavior of gapless edge modes in real and momentum spaces we show that localizability of edge mode is
intricately related to level crossings due to projection of 2D bulk spectrum onto the 1D edge
[1] CL Kane and EJ Mele Phys Rev Lett 95 146802 (2005) ibid 226801
[2] K-I Imura Y Kuramoto and K Nomura arXiv09041676 Europhys Lett in press arXiv09075051 Phys
Rev B 80 085119 (2009)
[3] K-I Imura A Yamakage A Hotta and Y Kuramoto in preparation
[4] BA Bernevig TL Hughes and S-C Zhang Science 314 1757 (2006)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
40 |
Talk-21
Shearinduced phase separation of complex fluids
Katsuhiko Sato1)
Xue-Feng Yuan2)
and Toshihiro Kawakatsu1)
1)
Department of Physics Tohoku University Japan 2)
School of Chemical Engineering and
Analytical Science University of Manchester UK
Abstract
It is well known that complex fluids such as wormlike micellar solutions exhibit shear-induced phase separations
called shear banding [1] In such a situation the system spatially separates into two regions having high and
low shear rate values with a common shear stress The phenomenon has fascinated many investigators and has been
aggressively investigated both experimentally and theoretically
One of the most striking features of that phenomenon is that its behaviors are quite similar to those of
thermodynamic phase transitions such as liquid-vapor phase transitions despite that it is a non-equilibrium
phenomenon Examples of the similarities are (i) the appearance of a shear stress plateau in the stress-strain rate
curve (note the similarity with isotherms in the p-V plane in the liquid-vapor transition system) (ii) the
independence of the plateau value on the flow history and (iii) the existence of metastable states Although the
analogy between shear banding and thermodynamic phase transitions have been pointed out by many investigators
almost no solid theoretical explanation for these similarities has been presented up to now
Recently we have succeeded in solving this problem [2] ie we have answered to the question ldquoWhy does shear
banding behave like first order phase transitionsrdquo or ldquoCan we describe shear banding in terms of a potential just
like in the case of thermodynamic phase transitionsrdquo Starting from a mechanical constitutive model describing
shear banding which does not have any explicit thermodynamic potential we derive a quantity corresponding to
thermodynamic potentials by applying a reduction method based on the center manifold theory [3] to the governing
equation of the model The reduction method we have taken there is a general one so we can apply this method to
other constitutive models describing shear banding and there is a possibility that we reach some universality In this
talk we provide a brief review on shear banding and explain the details of our theoretical work
[1] H Rehage H Hoffmann Mol Phys 74 933 (1991)
[2] K Sato X-F Yuan T Kawakatsu Eur Phys J E in press
[3] H Mori Y Kuramoto Dissipative Structures and Chaos (Springer-Verlag Berlin 1998)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 41
Talk-22
Ce 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum
critical point a resonant angle-resolved photoemission study
Hojun IM Department of Advanced Physics Hirosaki Univerisy
Abstract
We report the systematic angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) studies of Ce-based heavy fermion compounds
CeNi1-xCoxGe2 whose ground states are change from antiferromagnetic to non-magnetic heavy fermion via
quantum critical point (QCP) Recently it was clearly observed that the Kondo resonance (KR) peaks (Ce 4f1 state)
are dispersed from above the Fermi-level (EF) and cross EF forming the diamond-shaped Fermi-surface (FS) in
non-magnetic heavy-fermion system CeCoGe08Si12 [1] The systematic Ce 4d-4f resonant ARPES studies of
CeNi1-xCoxGe2 reveal that such momentum-dependence of KR peaks exists across QCP indicating the itinerant
character of f-electrons in agreement with the results of angle-integrated photoelectron spectroscopy [2]
References
[1] H J Im et al Phys Rev Lett 100 176402 (2008)
[2] H J Im et al Phys Rev B 72 220405 (2005)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
42 |
Talk-23
Spin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of
Rashba effect on semi-metal surface
Seigo Souma
WPI-AIMR Tohoku University
Abstract
Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is known as a powerful technique to investigate the fine
electronic structure relevant to the intriguing physical phenomena in solids such as superconductivity heavy
fermions metal-insulator transition and so on This technique yet has suffered from two inherent problems
originating in the principle of PES itself namely (1) the high surface sensitivity and (2) the difficulty in resolving
the spin polarization of electrons To overcome those problems we have constructed an ultrahigh resolution
photoemission spectrometer equipped with a newly developed xenon-plasma discharge lamp and a mini-Mott
detector The xenon-plasma discharge lamp provides several intense resonance lines from xenon plasma in the
energy range of 8-11 eV which is enough to achieve high bulk-sensitivity Combined with a large hemispherical
energy analyzer and a spherical concaved grating we achieved high energy resolution less than 1 meV as a total
system in the spin-integrated mode We also have developed a compact Mott spin detector operating at 25 kV and
adapted it to the large hemispherical electron energy analyzer through an electron deflector lens We have
redesigned the analyzer and mounted the entrance of the deflector lens at a location close to the f40mm
microchannel plate (MCP) This enables the observation of electron energy and momentum by the MCP with
comparable quality to modern electron analyzers simultaneously to the electron spin measurement by the Mott
detector
In this talk we present spin-resolved ARPES experiments on group-V semimetal surfaces By using merit of
the newly developed photoemission spectrometer we clearly observed spin-splitting of energy band caused by
strong spin-orbit interaction enhanced in surface state (surface Rashba effect) which would be an essential
ingredients to design a new functional spintronics devices
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 43
Talk-24
Metal-contact effect on graphene
Ryo Nouchi
WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University
Abstract
Graphene one-atom-thick carbon sheet with a honeycomb structure have been attracting incredible attention for
its unique physical properties [1] This material shows an extraordinary high charge carrier mobility of higher than
200000 cm2 V
-1 s
-1 [2] and is considered to be a major candidate for a future high-speed transistor material In
addition graphene has shown its ability to transport charge carriers with spin conservation even at room
temperature and is regarded as a pivotal material for spintronics applications [3] In order to construct electronic
devices such as field-effect transistors (FETs) metallic materials should make a contact with the graphene layers as
is schematically shown in Fig 1 Resultant graphene-metal contacts are considered to affect device properties in a
similar way that metal-semiconductor interfaces govern the operation of conventional electronic devices through
formation of Schottkyohmic contacts In the case of metal-graphene interfaces carriers are expected to be doped
from the metal [4] and a pinning of the potential of graphene was found to occur at the contacts [5]
In this talk experimental investigations by means of a FET structure are presented Figure 2 displays typical
transfer (drain current versus gate voltage) characteristics of a graphene FET The gate voltage with a minimum
drain current can be indicative of carrier doping from the electrodes The overall shape of the characteristics
enables us to examine the potential pinning effect a simple simulation shows that distorted characteristics observed
with ferromagnetic contacts [6] is attributable to the absence of the potential pinning
[1] A H Castro Neto F Guinea N M R Peres K S Novoselov and A K Geim Rev Mod Phys 81 109
(2009)
[2] K I Bolotin K J Sikes Z Jiang M Klima G Fudenberg J Hone P Kim and H L Stormer Solid State
Comm 146 351 (2008)
[3] M Ohishi M Shiraishi R Nouchi T Nozaki T Shinjo and Y Suzuki Jpn J Appl Phys 46 L605 (2007)
[4] G Giovannetti P A Khomyakov G Brocks V M Karpan J van den Brink and P J Kelly Phys Rev Lett
101 026803 (2008)
[5] E J H Lee K Balasubramanian R T Weitz M Burghard and K Kern Nat nanotechnol 3 486 (2008)
[6] R Nouchi M Shiraishi and Y Suzuki Appl Phys Lett 93 152104 (2008)
Fig1 Schematic diagram of a graphene FET
SiO2
Highly-doped Si
Gate Voltage
Drain current
Drain voltage
A
Graphene
Metal contact
Fig2 Typical transfer characteristics
of a graphene FET
100806040200
Dra
in c
urr
ent (
mA
)
-40 0 40Gate voltage (V)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
44 |
Parallel Session C (MathematicsPhilosophy)
Talk-25
Application of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem
for damped wave equation with non-convexity
Yoshihiro Ueda
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
We consider the initial-boundary value problem for damped wave equations with a nonlinear convection term in
the half line In the case where the flux is convex it is shown that the solution tends to the corresponding stationary
wave In this talk we show that even for a quite wide class of flux functions which are not necessarily convex such
the stationary wave is asymptotically stable The proof is given by a technical $L^2$-weighted energy method and
an anti-derivative method
Talk-26
Toric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systems
Yuichi Nohara
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
A completely integrable system on a symplectic manifold of dimension 2n is a set of n functions which are
functionally independent and Poisson commuting A typical example is a moment map of a torus action on a toric
variety A completely integrable system gives a structure of foliation by Lagrangian submanifolds and this plays
an important role in mirror symmetry which is a duality in string theory (mathematically it is formulated as a duality
between symplectic geometry and complex geometry) For example mirror partners of toric varieties can be
constructed by using the moment maps
The Gelfand-Cetlin system is a completely integrable system on a complex flag manifold It is known that the flag
manifold has a degeneration into a (singular) toric variety We show that the Glefand-Cetlin system can be deformed
into a moment map of a torus action on the toric variety We also discuss some applications This talk is based on a
joint work with T Nishinou and K Ueda
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 45
Talk-27
Singular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of
a Semilinear Parabolic Equation
Shota Sato
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
We study the Cauchy problem for a semilinear parabolic equation Our concern is the existence of a singular
solution whose singularity becomes anomalous in finite time First we study the structure of singular radial
solutions for an equation derived by backward self-similar variables Using this we obtain a singular backward
self-similar solution whose singularity becomes stronger or weaker than that of a singular steady state This talk is a
joint work with E Yanagida
Talk-28
Around Homological Mirror Symmetry
Masahiro Futaki
Mathematics University of Tokyo
Abstract
Homological Mirror Symmetry (HMS for short) is a duality between complex and symplectic geometries
originally found by Maxim Kontsevich in 1994 In this talk we introduce a variant of HMS in the context of mirror
symmetry between Fano variety and Laudau-Ginzburg model and investigate some examples
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
46 |
Talk-29
On the heat equation in a half space with
a nonlinear boundary condition
Tatsuki Kawakami
Mathematics Tohoku University
Talk-30
An Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mind
Masahiko Igashira
Frontier Biosciences Osaka University
Abstract
At Osaka University we attempt to establish an interdisciplinary research area titled Cognitive Neuroscience
Robotics by closely integrating research on robotics cognitive science and neuroscience while aiming at the
creation of a new paradigm for understanding the human being and the realization of new interfaces for relieving
brain overload in the usage of highly-complicated IRT systems
In this program philosophers are engaged in the following two themes Firstly to suggest efficient methods for
creating a new paradigm from the view point of a philosophy of science while at the same time refining existing
theories within philosophy of science by examining whether these theories sufficiently contribute to our
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 47
understanding of the generating processes of new research areas Secondly philosophers approach the question of
whether the robot which can hardly be distinguished from real humans which might be produced in the future of
Cognitive Neuroscience Robotics should be recognized as having a MIND or RIGHTS
In this presentation basic conceptions and activities with regard to the second question will be discussed
Furthermore a method for approaching the complex problem of how to understand the MIND in the physical
world will be developed
Talk-31
Utilitarianism and Rawls
Masaru Yonehara
Philosophy Tohoku University
Abstract
John Rawls one of the most important political philosophers of the 20th century is a critic of utilitarianism In
utilitarianism an action is right if and only if it brings about the greatest balance of happiness over unhappiness for
everyone affected by the action otherwise it is wrong Rawls asserts that if slavery or some other system of
extreme social and economic inequalities can produce a greater balance of happiness over unhappiness than any
alternative utilitarianism condones or even commands these institutions which we normally consider quite unjust
According to Rawls his ldquotwo principles of justicerdquo condemn these unjust institutions However this criticism
against utilitarianism is incorrect And I argue that Rawlsrsquos theory has a fatal flaw his theory cannot provide good
reasons why immoral actions against the disabled are impermissible Hence the purpose of my presentation is to
demonstrate that utilitarianism can provide such reasons
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
48 |
Talk-32
Husserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience
in Transcendental Phenomenology
Shun Sato
Philosophy Tohoku University
Abstract
In this presentation I investigate a possible interpretation of Husserls phenomenological theory of perceptual
experience as a disjunctive one My study consists of four sections In sections 1 and 2 I characterize disjunctivism
as a position representing a resistance against what appears to be historically more or less orthodoxy presenting
what has been described as an argument from hallucination for this traditional view This form of argument seems
to compel us to acknowledge that our experience at large is a common factor to perception and hallucination and
therefore that our experience does not intrinsically reach worldly objects According to disjunctivists this seeming
is not the real They tell us that we have either experience if it is veridical which involves a worldly object or
experience which does not if it is not veridical hence we do not always have an intrinsically falling-short-of-world
experience They argue that we perceive in a veridical case an object which is a constituent of a real world as is
suggested they usually speak in defense of direct realism In section 3 I try to show that Husserls transcendental
idealism is not incompatible with direct realistic theory of perception looking into his conception of perceptual
intentionality evidence (or reason) and reality In the final section I take up an interpretation of Husserls view
about experience as disjunctivism provided by A D Smith to which I add my own view Finally I suggest that
Husserls disjunctivism should better be characterized as a form of epistemological disjunctivism
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 49
Parallel Session - Collaborative Research
Talk-33
Development of an electro-magnetic calorimeter made up of
ceramic PrLuAG scintillator
Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics)
Research Center for Electron and Photon Science (Laboratory of Nuclear Science)
Abstract
Quarks are fundamental building blocks of matter and they unite to configure composite particles called
hadrons Experimentally observed hadrons before 2003 can be understood as a composite of three quarks (baryons)
or that of a quark and an anti-quark (mesons) Study of exotic hadrons which are not classified as baryons or
mesons has been a subject of great interest in nuclear physics after a narrow S=1 baryon resonance (Θ+) was
observed at SPring-8LEPS for the first time The Θ+ can be a member of anti-decuplet penta-quark baryons (four
quarks and an anti-quark) with the lowest mass
After the LEPS experiment both the positive and negative results have been reported by many other facilities
Searching for other members is important to establish the penta-quark picture A narrow bump is observed at our
facility in the excitation function for η photo-production on the neutron near E~1 GeV It would be attributed to a
member of anti-decuplet baryons with hidden strangeness since no signature corresponding to this bump is
observed in η photo-production on the proton To investigate this bump precisely an electro-magnetic (EM)
calorimeter with a large solid angle and with a high energy resolution is required since the η meson is identified by
detecting two photons from its decay
A praseodymium doped lutetium aluminum garnet Lu3Al5O12 (PrLuAG) is an excellent scintillator for EM
calorimeters utilized in nuclear and particle physics It has good characteristics such as good energy resolution fast
response a short radiation length and no hygroscopicity At this moment its large single crystal cannot be
manufactured which may be used as a module for an EM calorimeter Recently a ceramic PrLuAG scintillator has
been developed by Prof Yoshikawa and Prof Yanagita in Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced
Materials Tohoku University The ceramic one is expected to be manufactured in a desired shape and to be much
cheaper than the single crystal In this talk the current status of preparing a ceramic PrLuAG scintillator dedicated
to an EM calorimeter is discussed
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
50 |
Talk-34
Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Abstract
Anti-neutrinos travel from the Earthrsquos interior due to beta decays of mainly three isotopes 238
U 232
Th and 40
K
The study of geo-neutrinos was performed using 207659-day data taken with KamLAND which is the
anti-neutrino detector contained 1000 tons of liquid scintillator (LS) The data includes 58603-day data since the
LS purification was started
The LS purification is distillation and N2 purge for LS and was performed to reduce low energy backgrounds
such as 85
Kr 210
Bi and 210
Po These isotopes were reduced by ~ 185000 ~ 12100 and ~ 116 respectively While
the LS purification reduced backgrounds it caused the decrease of light yield by ~ 20 and following the deviation
of the position and time dependence Energy and its deviation are corrected using calibration and spallation data
before the geo-neutrino analysis
Anti-neutrinos are extracted from data using the likelihood selection based on the probability density function of
anti-neutrinos and accidental backgrounds depending on those rate to use low energy region and outer volume with
many accidental backgrounds
The main backgrounds for geo-neutrinos are reactor neutrinos and 13
C(alpha n)16
O reaction The latter is
reduced by ~ 116 after the LS purification due to the reduction of the main alpha source 210
Po
The expected number of geo-neutrinos is calculated using the reference Earth model based on seismology
petrology and the BSE model It is 976 events The Rate + Shape + Time analysis was performed using these
results The best-fit of geo-neutrinos does not conflict with the expectation The accuracy of measurement was
significantly improved from the last official result Zero geo-neutrinos are excluded at over 3 sigma CL That is
the first evidence of geo-neutrinos The fully-radiogenic models of 44 TW or 31 TW were also restricted for the
first time
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 51
Talk-35
Geometric Analysis on Einstein Equation
Sumio Yamada
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
The Einstein equation states that the spacetime we live in is Ricci-flat (vacuum case) namely it is flat in the
sense that the Ricci curvature tensor of the spacetime as a Lorentzian manifold vanishes If it is simply flat then
the space becomes trivial namely the spacetime is isometric to the Minkowski space The Ricci-flatness on the
other hand allows much freedom in determining the shape of the spacetime The degree of freedom is manifest in
the nonlinearity of the Einstein equation whose structure as a system of fully nonlinear partial differential
equations has discouraged mathematicians and physicists alike for many years
In this talk we will present several aspects of current research which are different approaches to the task of
understanding the Einstein equation The first one is from the viewpoint of three dimensional Riemannian
geometry where the threefold represents the space obtained by fixing ldquotimerdquo in the spacetime The second comes
from analyzing the Einstein equation as an evolution equation of the threefold a sort of deformation theory over
time The third approach is to formulate exact solutions of the Einstein equation which often contains
singularities the ldquoblackholesrdquo
The complete understanding of the Einstein equation still remains elusive those systematic approaches have
proved to be productive in mathematics as well as theoretical physics so that there are many beautiful theories born
out of the investigations
Talk-36
Study of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed
Study matter in gravitational wave astronomy
Yousuke Itoh
Astronomical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
Among the known four forces gravity is the most weak interaction As a result it is expected that gravitational
wave astronomy will enables us to explore the new aspects of the universe which are hidden for electromagnetic and
neutrino astronomers Those include the early universe beyond the redshift ~ 1000 (the last scattering surface of the
cosmic microwave background) and properties of matter inside highly compact stars In this talk I will briefly review
the gravitational wave theory how we detect it the current status of the world-wide efforts for gravitational wave
detection and then talk about our research efforts
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
52 |
Talk-37
Development of Readout Board for FPCCD Detector
Yosuke Takubo
Department of physics Tohoku University
Abstract
FPCCD (Fine Pixel CCD) is a CCD detector whose pixel size is 5 x 5 μm2 and thickness of the sensitive layer
is 15 μm The sensitive layer of FPCCD is fully depleted to suppress the diffusion in the epitaxial layer and it
realizes good hit separation capability It is considered to use FPCCD for the high energy physics material science
and astronomy since the small pixel size realizes the excellent position resolution To establish the technology we
developed the test sample of FPCCD in 2008 whose pixel size is 12 x 12 μm2 The pixel size will be make smaller
to 6 x 6 μm2 in the second test sample in 2010 We also developed prototype of the readout ASIC to operate and
readout FPCCD
Together with the FPCCD sensor and readout ASIC development of the readout system is important issue
There are some requirements to the readout system due to characteristics of the FPCCD The readout speed must be
above 10 Mpixsec for one readout channel to read all the pixels The readout board must have ability of the data
processing like zero-suppression to reduce data sent to PC The data transfer rate to PC should be about 1 Gbps
We developed prototype of the readout board for FPCCD in 2009 The readout board is designed as
KEK-VME9U module The LVDS input and output is prepared to treat 16 x 4 channels Since a FPGA (Field
Programmable Gate Array) is equipped on the board logic for data processing could be easily modified The data
transfer rate to PC of 1 Gbps is realized by SiTCP technology in which the logic for TCPIP is embedded in FPGA
In my talk the status of development of the readout board will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 53
Talk-38
Theoretical Formulation of Morphology Dynamics of Membranes
Based on a Combination of Mathematical Models and Differential
Geometry
Yutaka Oya1)
Masatoshi Toda1)
Katsuhiko Sato1)
Toshihiro Kawakatsu1)
and
Izumi Takagi2)
1) Department of Physics 2) Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
Bio-membranes and vesicles are bilayers of lipid molecules with closed form A typical example is red blood cell
It is well known that the equilibrium shape of these membranes are determined by minimizing the following
Helfrich bending elastic energy [1]
2
02
CCdH aa
(1)
where ad is the infinitesimal area element of the membrane surface aC the local mean curvature 0C the
spontaneous curvature the bending elastic constant This energy is to be minimized among closed surfaces
having the prescribed surface area and bounding volume [2]
Although this Helfrich model is successful for equilibrium shape problems it is not easy to study dynamical
processes such as deformation fission and fusion of membranes under an external flow field or in the presence of
guest molecules such as polymers injected into the membrane In such a situation a field-theoretic approach to
Helfrich model is quite useful It is called the phase field (PF) model where the infinitely thin membrane
described by eq(1) is approximated by a finitely thin interface (topological defect) of a scalar field r [3] As
the membrane is described by a filed variable it is easy to combine it with other fields for example a flow field
(Navier-Stokes (NS) equation) or a density distribution of polymer chains (self-consistent field (SCF) theory)
We develop theoretical formulations for polymer chains encapsulated in
a membrane (PF+SCF) and for membranes floating in a flow field
(PF+NS) The former is a model of drag delivery system and the latter is a
model for a blood flow in a blood vessel Figure 1 shows typical
axisymmetric shapes of membranes that contain polymer chains obtained
by PF+SCF technique A shape deformation of membrane induced by the
injected polymer can be observed
[1] UZeifert Adv Phys 46 (1997) 13
[2] TNagasawa and ITakagi Calc Var and PDE 16 (2003) 63
[3] QDu C Liu and X Wang J Comput Phys 198 (2004) 450
a)
b)
Fig1 Two typical axisymmetric
shapes of membranes containing
polymers inside (a) prolate and (b)
oblate shapes
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
54 |
Talk-39
The search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics
from the logical and philosophical point of view
Keita Yokoyama
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
In this research we investigate the certainty of foundations of mathematics including the concepts of infinity
provability axiomatizability normativity determinacy and so on In this talk we will overview the certainty of
infinitesimal analysis by means of the measure of the logical strength as an example
In the 17th century differential and integral calculus was developed using infinitely small or infinitesimal
quantities by G W Leibniz and others However the theory of infinitesimals was completely replaced by the
theory of limits in the 19th century In 1960rsquos A Robinson introduced the theory of non-standard analysis and
justified the theory of infinitesimals in it [1] Non-standard analysis has been investigated by many researchers as a
branch of logic or analysis and it has been applied to the study of analysis number theory and other fields of
mathematics On the other hand the strengths of many theorems of classical analysis are measured by comparing
them with axioms of arithmetic as a program of Reverse Mathematics by H Friedman S Simpson and others [2]
For example the axiom ldquoweak Koenigrsquos lemma (WKL)rdquo is equivalent to the Brouwer fixed point theorem and the
Cauchy integral theorem and the axiom ldquoarithmetical comprehension (ACA)rdquo is equivalent to the AscoliArzela
lemma and the Riemann mapping theorem Then can we measure the certainty of infinitesimal analysis Is
infinitesimal analysis more complex or less certain than classical analysis Our aim is to answer these question
In 1980rsquos H J Keisler gave simple axioms for the theory of infinitesimal analysis So we measure the strengths
of these axioms by comparing them with axioms of arithmetic The axioms of infinitesimal analysis consist of
ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo ldquotransfer principlerdquo and other weak principles named nsBASIC Our main
results of this study are following
1 nsBASIC plus ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo is a conservative extension of the axiom of arithmetic
WKL
2 nsBASIC plus ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo plus ldquotransfer principlerdquo is a conservative extension of
the axiom of arithmetic ACA
It is known that the most part of classical analysis can be developed within WKL or ACA Consequently the theory
of infinitesimal analysis has the same certainty as the theory of classical analysis
References
[1] Stephen G Simpson Subsystems of Second Order Arithmetic Perspectives Springer-Verlag 1999
[2] A Robinson Non-standard Analysis North-Holland revised edition 1974
[3] Keita Yokoyama Formalizing non-standard arguments in second-order arithmetic to appear
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 55
Abstracts of Poster Presentations
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
56 |
Po-1
Coherent control of excited states by multipulse photo excitation
Kenta Abe
Physics D2 Tohoku University
The control of quantum phenomena with modulated laser pulses has already been demonstrated successfully on
a variety of chemical and physical systems For example the temporal structure of the pulse can be periodically
modified to yield a train of pulses If the temporal spacing of the pulse train coincides with the period of a
molecular vibration a wavepacket involving just a selected mode can be excited selectively over other modes We
adopted coherent control method using multipulse excitation to get information about transient vibration of the
excited states in materials
The coherent control measurement was carried out by a setup based on femtosecond absorption spectroscopy
Output of the Tisapphire laser system (800nm 1mJ 150fs 1kHz) was divided into several parts One part was
used to generate the tunable prepump (~100fs) by an infrared optical parametric amplifier (IR-OPA) The prepump
generated the excited state in the materials Another part was used to drive a noncollinear OPA (NOPA) generating
the ultrashort transform-limit (TL) pulse (lt20 fs) for the coherent control A pulse shaper which consists of a spatial
light modulator (SLM) with 800times600 pixels in a 4f arrangement modulated the TL pulse and generated the shaped
pump pulse The rest output generated the broadband tunable probe pulse using another NOPA and a prism pair
pulse compressor Time resolution of the system was about 20fs
Nile Blue was selected as prototype system because of its strong oscillatory features The coherent vibration
induced by the TL or shaped pump pulse was observed Figure 2 shows the Fourier transform (FT) spectra of the
transient vibration with and without the prepump With the prepump the peak frequency of the FT-spectrum is
lower than that without the prepump The multipulse excitation could successfully induce the coherent vibration in
the excited state Furthermore we carried out the coherent control by the shaped pump pulse The periodic pulse
trains can selectively control the coherent vibration in the ground andor excited states
Fig 2 Transient vibration induced by TL pulse Fig 1 Sketch of the multipulse excitation setup
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 57
Po-2
de Haas ndashvan Alphen effect studies in the Antiferro-Quadrupolar
ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3
T Isshiki T Komatsubara HS Suzuki N Kimura H Aoki
Physics D3 Tohoku University
In the past decade it is found that higher order multipoles (quadrupolar octupolar etc) play a key role in some
rare earth and actinide systems Although a great number of studies have been performed the mechanism of the
multipolar ordering has not been clarified yet On the other hand some previous experiments suggest that the
quadrupolar ordering is mediated via the conduction electrons Moreover in some Pr-based compounds which have
nonmagnetic 3 doublet in the crystalline electric field ground state a huge CT value is observed in the specific
heat measurement even at low temperatures These results indicate that quadrupole moments might be strongly
coupled with the conduction electrons but there is no clear evidence so far Therefore it is important to investigate
the role of the conduction electrons in these systems
The de Haas -van Alphen(dHvA) effect is a powerful method to measure the properties of conduction electrons
We study the dHvA effect in the antiferro-quadrupolar(AFQ) ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3 (1) to
investigate whether or not a huge CT at low temperatures and the non-Fermi liquid behavior reported for the
specific heat and electrical resistivity in Pr1-xLaxPb3 come from the interplay between quadrupole moments and the
conduction electrons (2) to investigate how the change of the f electron state such as the one from the
para-quadrupolar state to the AFQ state affects the properties of conduction electrons and (3) to investigate the
quantum criticality of the quadrupolar ordering
We have succeeded in observing the change in the properties of conduction electrons associated with the change
of the f electron state The details are discussed in this presentation
Po-3
Measurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum
in the Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHC
Takumi Ito
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Supersymmetry (SUSY) is the well-motivated candidate of the physics beyond the standard model If
SUSY really exists at the TeV energy scale a large number of SUSY particles are produced at the LHC
experiments A signature of SUSY at the LHC strongly depends on the SUSY mass spectrum Some
SUSY models have a long-lived heavy charged particle and in such case we should completely alter a
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
58 |
strategy to study the SUSY events from one in a widely-studied case with a long-lived heavy neutral
particle
We study the model with a long-lived stau (supersymmetric partner of tau lepton) and demonstrate the
several masses of superpaticles can be measured with a good accuracy [1] We focus on the case in which
the mass differences between the lightest stau and other sleptons are ~ 10 GeV or larger so that the decay
products of heavier sleptons are hard enough to be detected First we determine the masses of neutralinos as
the endpoint of the invariant mass distribution of (tau-jet - stau) since neutralinos mainly decay to the
lightest stau Next with the assist of the knowledge of the neutralino mass the masses of the right-handed
sleptons are determined as the sharp peak in the distribution of the invariant mass of (lepton - tau - stau)
Also squark (almost right-handed) masses can be measured well
In the previous study we left the mass reconstructions of other particles such as gluino charginos left-handed
sleptons and left-handed squarks They are in progress [2]
Reference
[1] Takumi Ito Ryuichiro Kitano and Takeo Moroi ldquoMeasurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum in the
Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHCrdquo arXiv 09105853 [hep-ph]
[2] Takumi Ito Ryuichiro Kitano and Takeo Moroi work in progress
Po-4
In situ NMR imaging of lithium- ion batteries
during chargedischarge cycle
Yoshiki Iwai
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Lithium-ion batteries are quite important power sources for mobile devices such as mobile phones notebook
computers portable audio players etc It is necessary to observe ion motion of liquid electrolyte in lithium-ion
batteries for increasing their safety and understanding mechanisms of the degradations Over the last several
decades many types of in-situ technique (X-ray Raman scattering infrared spectroscopy etc) have been adopted to
investigate the lithium-ion dynamics Moreover visualizing techniques are also starting to be employed for material
science over the biological and medical field X-ray and neutron tomography can see through the batteries however
these two techniques have disadvantages for lithium-ion batteries X-ray has low sensitivity for organic electrolyte
because the sensitivity of X-ray is proportional to weight of atoms Neutron beam has high sensitivity for proton
(1H) and lithium (
6Li and
7Li) however big facilities are need for the experiments Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Imaging (NMR imaging ) is also nondestructive imaging technique which can satisfy these two demands high
sensitivity of light atoms such as proton (or lithium) and small instrument compared with Neutron facilities The
aim of this work is to observe liquid electrolyte in the lithium-ion battery by NMR imaging technique to understand
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 59
ionic motion and behavior of its degradation as a function of electrochemical cycling As a start of this work I
report lithium (7Li) and proton (
1H) imaging data of special designed lithium-ion battery which is composed of
lithium-metal (negative electrode) and LiCoO2 (positive electrode) filled with liquid electrolyte LiClO4PC
Po-5
Crack propagation in largely deformed rubber sheet
Daiki Endo
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
60 |
Po-6
Optical response of photonic crystal with multi-layered structure
Rihei Endo
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Recently there has been rapid progress in the performance of nano scale artificial structure It is known that
the photonic crystals take an important role in developing next-generation devices Photonic crystals have a
photonic band structure with a gap energy that excludes light with a certain frequency which is the same
analogy as the energy band structure in the crystal of the solid We can control light freely by operating these
structures artificially and it is possible to create new type devices with new features
So far we had investigated one-electron properties of one-dimensional self-similar structures (SSS) SSS are
classified into the third group of systems in addition to periodic systems and random systems Electronic states
of SSS exhibits rich properties For example the presence of energy spectra and wave functions which have
multifractal characters is peculiar to such systems And almost all eigenstates for electrons are critical states
whose nature locate between extended states and localised states
Applying the concept of SSS to photonic crystals we aim at a development of a new type of optical device
We confine our discussion in 1D photonic crystals which consist of two different dielectric material layers A
and B in a SSS We assume the materials of A and B layers to be non-absorbing isotropic and uniform
dielectric matirials with reflective indices na and nb respectively (see fig1) To set up 1D self-similar
photonic crystal we apply the substitution rule to determine the order of two kinds of layer as shown in fig2 In
this poster We have investigated the time-dependent optical response of S-polarized wave and P-polarized
wave (see fig3) on this SSS by using transfer matrix method [1]
[1] J Phys A Math Gen 37 (2004) L1-L6 Rihei Endou Komajiro Niizeki Nobuhisa Fujita
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 61
Po-7
Pseudo-spin Kondo effect in a capacitively-coupled parallel double
quantum dot
Yuma OKAZAKI
Physics D1 Tohoku University
A low-dimensional nano-structure fabricated by semiconductor fine processing technology offers the ideal
playground for studying quantum and correlative nature of electrons Especially electronic states can be controlled
at a single electron level in a zero-dimensionally confined system known as a quantum dot (QD) The Kondo effect
is an electron correlation phenomenon resulting from a dynamical spin singlet formation between a localized spin
at the QD and its surrounding conduction electrons via an effective exchange interaction The Kondo effect has
been well investigated in bulk materials containing dilute magnetic impurities However more tunable approach for
the Kondo physics is possible with the helps of QDrsquos parameter-controllability
In this poster we show transport measurements in a double QD system with inter-dot capacitive coupling In
such a device charge degrees of freedom can be regarded as a pseudo-spin and play the equivalent role to the
electron spin in the Kondo physics Although the pseudo-spin Kondo effect has been already discussed in some
reported articles more quantitative and conclusive experimental results are lacking Two fingerprints for the
pseudo-spin Kondo singlet were experimentally observed in our fabricated device(Fig a b) The first one is Kondo
zero bias anomaly which originates from a many-body resonance level pinned at the Fermi surface due to the
Kondo singlet formation(Fig c) The second one is Kondo scaling which describes universal temperature
dependence scaled by the Kondo temperature A good fit was obtained between the observed temperature
dependence and a theoretical curve by numerical renormalization group theory(Fig d) Moreover a contribution
from the pseudo-spin was discussed via measurements in a finite in-plane magnetic field In conclusion a
formation of the pseudo-spin Kondo singlet was determined
Fig (a)Scanning electron microscope image of the device Electrons are confined into regions illustrated by circles (b)The charge stability diagram showing charge configurations in the two QDs VL(VR) is bias voltages applied to the gate L(R) labeled in Fig (a) The arrows depict charge and spin states (c)Kondo zero bias anomaly and (d)Kondo scaling were measured at the center of the two-headed arrow in Fig (b)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
62 |
Po-8
Spin and charge dynamics in a photo-excited double exchange system
Yu Kanamori
D2 Department of Physics Tohoku University
Hiroaki Matsueda1 and Sumio Ishihara
2
1Sendai National College of Technology
2Department of Physics Tohoku University
A variety of electronic phases in correlated electron systems is attributed to strong interplay between multi-degrees of
freedom of electrons such as charge spin and orbital Gigantic changes in electronic state are caused by weak perturbation in a
vicinity of phase boundary Perovskite manganite is one of the typical correlated electron materials with multi-degrees of
freedom Recently ultrafast photo-induced phenomena by applying femtosecond laser pulse have been measured in the
charge-ordered (CO) insulator associated with the antiferromagnetic (AF) order [1] Transient optical reflectivity and
magnet-optic Kerr rotation suggest strong coupling between the charge and spin degrees of freedom in the photo-induced states
Nonlinear increase of reflectivity change for photo-excitation density has been also reported
We study photo-induced charge and spin dynamics in perovskite manganite We adopt the extended double-exchange model
in one-dimension where the on-site and nearest-neighbor Coulomb repulsions between the eg electrons and the
nearest-neighbor AF exchange coupling between the t2g localized spins are taken into account By using the exact
diagonalization method and density-matrix renormalization-group method several transient spectra and static correlation
functions are obtained
It is shown that just after the photo-irradiation CO is melted and the band width of photo-carriers gradually increases with
increasing time The time dependence of the photo-carrier band and that of the in-gap component of the optical conductivity are
correlated with that in the spin correlation indicating strong coupling between charge and spin sectors This time scale is
governed by the electron transfer integral We also examine the photon intensity dependence of the spin and charge dynamics It
is found that pump photon intensity where the energy gain in the spin sector is saturated is smaller than that where the charge
energy is saturated This result implies that the spin and charge sectors are decoupled in the view point of the pump
photon-intensity
This work is supported by the global COE program of MEXT Japan
References
[1] K Miyasaka et al Phys Rev B 74 012401 (2006)
[2] H Matsueda and S Ishihara J Phys Soc Jpn 76 083703 (2007)
[3] Y Kanamori H Matsueda and S Ishihara Phys Rev Lett 103 267401 (2009)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 63
Po-9
Observation of 8B Solar Neutrinos with KamLAND
Yoshiaki Kibe (D3)
Department of Physics Research Center for Neutrino Science Tohoku University
The Kamioka Liquid Scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector that is KamLAND experiment is located at the site of the
former Kamiokande experiment in Gifu Prefecture Japan KamLAND uses 1 metric kton of liquid scintillator
contained in a 65m radius 135μm thick NylonEVOH balloon
Measurements of solar neutrinos and reactor anti-neutrinos have established neutrino oscillation and the Large
Mixing Angle (LMA) solution with matter effects described by Mikheyev Smirnov and Wolfenstein (MSW) as the
correct description of neutrino propagation from the Sun The 8B decay creates the continuous energy spectrum and
dominates the high-energy solar neutrino flux This has been measured previously using neutrino-electron
scattering with water Cherenkov detectors like Kamiokande Super-Kamiokande and SNO and the liquid
scintillator detector like Borexino The water Cherenkov detectors are able to reconstruct the direction of the
incoming neutrino and typically have thresholds of around 5 MeV Liquid scintillator detectors have much better
energy solution and the possibility of lower energy thresholds but no directional information The detection method
exploits the neutrino-electron elastic scattering reaction in the solar neutrino detection at KamLAND
The newly developed purification system rejects the radioactive backgrounds It allows us to explore lower
threshold of 35 MeV where is the unexplored energy region for 8B solar neutrino detection This work shows the
first measurement of 8B solar neutrino flux in KamLAND with 35 and 55 MeV thresholds
Po-10
z ~3 LYMAN BREAK GALAXY CLUSTER SURVEY IN SSA22
WITH VIMOS
Katsuki Kousai
Physics D2 Tohoku University
We report our redshift survey of z~3 Lyman break galaxies ( LBGs ) We observed LBGs spectra in SSA22
( 221734 +001504 ) 912 arcsec2 field to identify those spectral redshift and to study three dimensional
distribution of LBGs We have obtained spectral redshifts of 94 LBGs and found spike at z=31 33 and 37 in the
redshift distribution
SSA22 is a field in which Steidel et al discovered high density region of LBGs at z=309 ( Steidel et al 1998 )
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
64 |
They determined spectral redshifts of 99 LBGs at z~3 in 162 arcsec2 field They found a critical spike at z=309 in
their redshift distribution of LBGs
We have detected a lot of Lyman alpha emitters ( LAEs ) at z=309 in 912 arcsec2 field which contains the high
density region discovered by Steidel et al in our narrowband filter (NB497 band pass centered at 4977 Å
bandwidth of FWHM 77Å ) survey for LAEs with Subaru Prime Focus Camera to find a large scale structure of
LAEs ( Hayashino et al 2004 )
We also carried out LBG redshift survey in our LAE survey area We observed z~3 LBG candidates in the field
with ESO-VLT VIsible MultiObject Spectrograph ( VIMOS ) in 2006 and 2008 We identify spectral redshifts of 94
LBGs with Lyman alpha emission line ( 1216Åin rest-flame ) or metal absorption line ( Si II O I C II ( 1216Å
1303Å 1334Å in rest-flame ) etc )
We drew redshift distribution of those LBGs In our redshift distribution we found spike not only at z=31 that was
discovered by Steidel but also z=33 and 37 We also study spatial distribution of LBGs that is included those spikes It seems
that LBGs in each spikes are clustered in sky distribution of those LBGs
In our poster we report on the redshift distribution of 94 LBGs at z~3 the property of those density peaks that is found in
the redshift distribution and the spatial distribution of LBGs
Po-11
EELS and SXES studies of electronic structures of Al-TM alloys
Shogo Koshiya
Physics D1 Tohoku University
After the discovery of an icosahedral symmetry material (quasicrystals) in a melt-quenched Al6Mn alloy [1]
great effort has been spent for understanding the presence of quasiperiodic structured materials In recent years
Hume-Rothery mechanism which predicts an existence of a pseudogap around Fermi level (EF) is accepted as a
major reason for the stabilization of quasicrystals The presences of pseudogap structures in quasicrystals were
experimentally confirmed by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and EELS EELS experiments also pointed out
characteristic chemical shifts in Al L-shell excitation spectra of Al-based quasicrystals [2] which suggested a
decrease of valence electron charge at Al sites Recently a covalent bonding nature in quasicrystals was reported by
MEMRietveld analysis of 10-Al12Re and 11-Al73Re27Si10 [3] Thus it is interesting to investigate the relation
between chemical shift and bonding nature of quasicrystals On the other hand the systematic measurements of
electronic structures of the normal Al-transition metal (Al-TM) alloys help the understanding of the bonding
nature of the Al-based quasicrystal
In this study the chemical shift which is sensitive to the amount of valence electron of amorphous (Am)
quasicrystalline (QC) and crystalline (Cryst) phases of Al53Si27Mn20 alloys were investigated by a high
energy-resolution EELS transmission electron-microscope (TEM) [4] and a soft-X-ray emission spectroscopy
(SXES) instrument attached to a TEM [5]
From EELS measurements of Al L-edge (2p rarr CV) of the phases it was clearly shown that only the QC phase
showed an apparent shift to the larger binding energy side by 04 eV compared with that of Al single crystal This
result should be due to a large binding energy of Al L-shell of QC phase than that of pure Al (chemical shift) From
SXES measurements of Al K -emission (2p rarr 1s) of the phases it was revealed for the first time that the spectrum
of QC phase clearly showed a shift to the larger energy side of about 4 eV These results clearly indicate that the chemical shift is characteristic for QC phase Si K -emission spectrum of QC phase also showed a clear shift of
about 6 eV On the other hand there was not an apparent chemical shift for Mn L -emission (3d rarr 2p) Those
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 65
EELS and SXES results suggest that the amounts of valence electron of Al and Si atomic sites of Al53Si27Mn20
alloys are decreased only in the QC phase However Mn site does not change its valence electron charge
apparently in Am QC and Crystal phases It can be due to a localization of valence electrons of Mn atom
Chemical shifts of all constituent atoms for Am QC and Cryst phases of Al53Si27Mn20 alloys were examined first
time by EELS and SXES These results clearly presented that a chemical shift is characteristic for QC phase It
should be also noted that only Al and Si atoms of Al53Si27Mn20 change those valence electron states in QC phase
Experimental results of EELS and SXES on 10-Al12Re and 11-Al73Re17Si10 approximant crystals and Al-TM
alloys will be also presented
References
[1] D Schechtman et al Phys Rev Lett 53 1951 (1984)
[2] M Terauchi et al Phil Mag 87 2947 (2007)
[3] K Kirihara et al Phys Rev B 64 212201 (2001)
[4] M Tanaka et al Microsc Microanal 8 (Suppl 2) 68 (2002)
[5] M Terauchi et al Microsc Microanal 13 (Suppl 2) 166 (2007)
Po-12
Comparison of membrane physical property changes between DMPC
membrane and DMPE membrane induced by melittin
Atsuji Kodama
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Melittin an amphipathic peptide composed of 26 amino acid residues from honeybee venom is
widely used as a model of membrane protein in the study of lipid-protein interaction in
biomembranes In this study interaction of melittin with DMPC membranes and DMPE membranes
were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and fluorescent spectrometry with an
environment sensitive fluorescent dye Laurdan and tryptophan (Trp) residue in melittin In DSC
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
66 |
study the main phase transition peak of DMPC became broader gradually with increasing of
melittin On the other hand such a transition peak behavior was not observed in DMPE
thermograms In the fluorescent study with Laurdan Generalized Polarization (GP) was calculated
from I440 and I490 of Laurdan emission spectra Around phase transition temperature GP value for
DMPE changed drastically in the presence of melittin compared with in the absence of melittin It
indicated that melittin disturbed infiltration of water molecules into the lipid glycerol backbone
regions Contrary to DMPE temperature region of GP value change for DMPC became broader with
increasing of melittin It related to the reduction of transition cooperativity In the tryptophan
fluorescent study λmax was shorter than the system without lipids through the all temperature
regions at all mole fractions of melittin in DMPC systems In DMPEMelittin systems λmax was
longer than DMPCMelittin systems The results showed that melittin was in the hydrophobic
environment in DMPCMelittin systems On the other hand melittin was in hydrophilic
environment in DMPEMelittin systems These results indicated that melittin located in DMPC
membrane and on DMPE membrane surface From the GP value the glycerol backbone regions of DMPE
membranes have higher packing compared with DMPC one It indicated that the higher packing of DMPE
possibly disturbed penetration of melittin
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 67
Po-13
Resonant x-ray scattering experiment on Pr(Ru1-xRhx)4P12
Kotaro Saito
Dept of Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
68 |
Po-14
Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Anti-neutrinos travel from the Earthrsquos interior due to beta decays of mainly three isotopes 238
U 232
Th and 40
K
The study of geo-neutrinos was performed using 207659-day data taken with KamLAND which is the
anti-neutrino detector contained 1000 tons of liquid scintillator (LS) The data includes 58603-day data since the
LS purification was started
The LS purification is distillation and N2 purge for LS and was performed to reduce low energy backgrounds
such as 85
Kr 210
Bi and 210
Po These isotopes were reduced by ~ 185000 ~ 12100 and ~ 116 respectively While
the LS purification reduced backgrounds it caused the decrease of light yield by ~ 20 and following the deviation
of the position and time dependence Energy and its deviation are corrected using calibration and spallation data
before the geo-neutrino analysis
Anti-neutrinos are extracted from data using the likelihood selection based on the probability density function of
anti-neutrinos and accidental backgrounds depending on those rate to use low energy region and outer volume with
many accidental backgrounds The number of anti-neutrino candidates is 2043 events
The main backgrounds for geo-neutrinos are reactor neutrinos and 13
C(alpha n)16
O reaction The latter is reduced
by ~ 116 after the LS purification due to the reduction of the main alpha source 210
Po The number of total
backgrounds is estimated to be 20158 events
The expected number of geo-neutrinos is calculated using the reference Earth model based on
seismology petrology and the BSE model It is 976 events The Rate + Shape + Time analysis was
performed using these results The best-fit of geo-neutrinos is 860plusmn279 267 (32 accuracy) and does
not conflict with the expectation Zero geo-neutrinos are excluded at 34σ(9993) From the
estimated geo-neutrino flux and the model the upper limits of radiogenic heat from U and Th and
their mass in the mantle are 30 TW and 59x1017 kg at 90 CL This result excludes the
fully-radiogenic models of 37 TW and 44 TW at 976 and 996 CL respectively
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 69
Po-15
Pressure dependence of B-T phase diagram in
heavy-fermion superconductor CeRhSi3
Tetsuya Sugawara(D2) Noriaki Kimura(Assis Prof) and Haruyoshi Aoki(Prof)
Department of Physics Tohoku University
CeRhSi3 is a noncentrosymmetric heavy-fermion pressure-induced superconductor discovered in 2005 by N
Kimura et al [1] Its crystal structure lacks an inversion center which is characteristic of this compound as shown
in the inset of Fig 1 The superconductivity emerges above 02GPa although the antiferromagnetic order persists
up to 24GPa Therefore CeRhSi3 can provide two fascinating aspects of the superconductivity namely
noncentrosymmetric and heavy-fermion superconductivity
We reported the temperature dependence of the upper-critical-field Bc2(T) along the tetragonal c-axis of CeRhSi3
and the existence of a bend on the Bc2(T)-curve at the last forum To elucidate the nature of the bend we have
performed the precise measurement of the electrical resistivity at several pressures Figure 2 shows the resultant
Bc2(T)-curves of CeRhSi3 We found the bend appears at 24GPa at which the antiferromagnetic ordering
disappers at zero field This fact suggests that the bend is associated with the magnetism
At the forum we will also report the pressure dependence of other superconducting parameters and discuss the
nature of the bend
Reference
[1]N Kimura et al Phys Rev Lett 95 (2005) 247004
Fig 1 Crystal structure and T-P phase diagram
of CeRhSi3
Fig 2 Pressure dependence of the Bc2(T)-curve
of CeRhSi3
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
70 |
Po-16
Neutral meson photoproduction with electromagnetic calorimeter
complex FOREST
Koutaku Suzuki
Physics D3 Tohoku University
We have been studying hadron properties via the π0 and η photoproduction reactions at Research Center for
Electron Photon Science Tohoku University Recently we observed a narrow baryon resonance at Eγ ~ 1020
MeV in the γ d rarr η n p reaction The resonance seems to show up in the γ n rarr η n reaction since no signal has
been observed so far in the γ p rarr η p reaction at the same energy region
To investigate the resonance in more detail we developed a large solid angle electro-magnetic calorimeter
system FOREST It consists of three types of electromagnetic calorimeters and three plastic scintillator hodoscopes
One calorimeter located in a forward angular region is made up with 192 pure CsI crystals the second one covering
the polar angle from 30degto 100degcomprises 252 lead scintillating fiber blocks and the remaining calorimeter are
built with 36 lead glass Cherenkov counters The energy resolutions of pure CsI crystals lead scintillating fiber
blocks and lead glass Cherenkov counters are 21 72 and 49 respectively for 10 GeV electrons The
plastic scintillator hodoscopes are placed in front of these calorimeters to distinguish a particle being charged or
neutral FOREST covers the solid angle of about 90 in total
Experiments for π0 and η photoproduction reactions have been performed with FOREST The current status and
analysis of the experiments will be introduced
Po-17
Micro-photoluminescence around spin phase transition of ν=23
fractional quantum Hall regime
J HayakawaAK Muraki
BG YusaA
ADepartment of Physics Tohoku University
BNTT Basic Research Laboratories NTT Corporation
We have been interested in Landau level filling factor ν=23 fractional quantum Hall(FQH) regime because of
their interesting feature The spin degrees of freedom of electrons play an important role in this system That is
because the competition between Coulomb energy and Zeeman energy defines the ground state There are two
possible ground states unpolarized and fully polarized states A spin phase transition between these two states
occurs therefore domain formation with two polarizations is expected at certain magnetic field and carrier density
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 71
But actual size and shape of domains have not observed Moreover the dynamics of domains related to electric
current or nuclear spin polarization has been unveiled yet In contrast with standard transport measurement optical
measurement can reveal local configurations of electron spin Therefore we aim for direct observation of spin
domains at ν=23 by optical techniques
In our previous work we have measured circularly polarized photoluminescence from semiconductor quantum
well in the FQH regime at ν=23 We have found the peak intensity of singlet charged exciton tends to increase up
to transition point and it tends to decrease beyond this point by decreasing electron density On the other hand the
peak intensity of triplet charged exciton tends to monotonically increase by decreasing electron density Thus the
peak intensity of charged excitons can be used as a probe to detect local spin polarization
In order to acquire the image of spin domains we developed a scanning optical microscope in a dilution
refrigerator We illuminate samples with a laser through a square core multimode fiber to obtain a uniform electron
density over the sample Photoluminescence is collected by two polarization-maintaining fibers through circular
polarizer consisted of a quarter waveplate and a polarization beam splitter In this arrangement the core of the fiber
functions as a pinhole The sample is scanned by piezo-stage This experimental set-up will enable us to directly
observe the spin domains with micron order spatial resolution
Po-18
Ionic conductivity of Trehalose-Water-Lithium iodide mixture in glass
and supercooled liquid state
Reiji Takekawa
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Compound in the glassy state a certain kind of systems have ionic conductivity and the other donrsquot have ionic
conductivity in glassy ionic compound The former is decouple to glass framework and ion and latter is couple
That is beneficial to studying characteristic of glass transition in both system for principle and search higher
conductivity electrolyte Usually ldquocouplingrdquo sample and ldquodecouplingrdquo sample is another composed system Thus
that shouldnrsquot be studied details how to change between coupling glass to decoupling glass In this work search
systems which change coupling glass to decoupling glass with the different molar ration
In the previous study LiI-6H2O is good glass former and glass transition temperature Tg is -130 Glass
framework is hydrogen band network and lithium ion that coupled strongly To change decouple system I add
disaccharide Trehalose In general sugar group can make good stable glass Stabling glassy state and upper Tg
super cooled liquid state is important to some measuring in this case Thus I measured three component
trehalose-H2O-LiI systems In this system there is wide glass transition compound region
Result of Tg measurement by DSC Tg become higher increase with trehalose ratio Tg is 20 which ratio is
58 328 614 (trehalose-H2O-LiI molar ratio) I Compare conductivity at the glass transition temperature that
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
72 |
with LiI-6H2O (143 857) samples former is 5 order higher than latter The large increase suggest mobility
increase and changing coupling to decoupling system Consequently trehalose-H2O-LiI system is suitable to study
detail of coupling glass and decoupling glass
Po-19
Progress of the new DAQ system for wide-band solar neutrino
observation with KamLAND
Takemoto Yasuhiro
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Precise measurement of fluxes of solar neutrinos could examine validity of Standard Solar Model With
KamLAND previous efforts on solar neutrino observation focused on individual kind of those eg 8B
7Be
neutrinos Observation of those neutrinos was enabled by ultra-pure liquid scintillator which was even more
purified in these several years
However there still exist two major sources of backgrounds which are difficult to remove with current
electronics One source is a long-lived isotope eg 11
C 10
C which is produced in cosmic muon induced spallation
A huge muon is followed by high-rate events (up to several hundred events within one millisecond) including
neutrons which are byproducts of spallation isotopes Since decay of a spallation isotope comes too late to be told
as it detection of the neutrons which have space correlation with the isotope is necessary for identifying the
isotope and to extract neutrino signals from backgrounds Dead time of current DAQ electronics makes it difficult
to detect all of these neutrons which prevents us from salvaging neutrino events The other source of backgrounds
is residual radioactive impurity A part of decays of 85
Kr one of radioactive impurities is observed as two signals
but the first signal is too small to be triggered
My colleagues and I have been developed new electronics which consist of DAQ electronics which are free
from dead time within such event rate and intelligent trigger electronics which utilize the huge buffers inside the
DAQ electronics
At the present moment production assessment and installation of the electronics have accomplished And I
report here recent progress including installation in-situ tuning of on-board signal processing logic and of DAQ
software and future prospects of this project
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 73
Po-20
Double Chooz PMT preparation
TABATA Hiroshi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Double Chooz experiment is a reactor neutrino experiment searching for last undefined neutrino mixing angle
θ13
The most stringent constraint on the third mixing angle comes from the CHOOZ reactor neutrino experiment as
sin2(2θ13)lt02 Double Chooz will explore the range of sin
2(2θ13) with a sensitivity down to 003-002 within three
years of data taking The improvement of the CHOOZ result requires an increase in the statistics a reduction of the
systematic error below one percent and a careful control of the backgrounds Therefore Double Chooz will use
two identical detectors one at 400 m (near detector ) and another at 105 km from the Chooz nuclear cores
The plan is to start operation in middle of 2010 with the far detector
Main responsibility of Japanese group is photomultiplier tube (PMT) system Double Chooz uses 390 PMTs for
each detector We developed and purchased PMTs After some testing we finished 390 PMTs installation of far
detector in December 2009 This poster shows a state of PMT preparation
Po-21
Effects of lanthanoid ion on phosphate head groups in DMPC
membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures
Kouya Tamatsukuri1 (D3) Tetsuhiko Ohba
1 Gen Sazaki
2 Kazuo Ohki
1
1Department of Physics Tohoku University Sendai Japan
2Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Sendai Japan
Based on many solid-state NMR studies it is generally supposed that phospholipids become orientated in an
applied static magnetic field due to the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility which arises mainly from their
fatty acyl chains For phospholipids is generally negative and its exact value depends on the molecular structure
so lipids tend to orient perpendicular to the field 12-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and
12-dihexanoyl-sn-glycero-3- phosphatidylcholine (DHPC) mixtures are generally assumed to consist of disklike
micelles often called bicelles which align in magnetic fields with the bilayer normal perpendicular to the fields
direction due to negative of lipids However in addition of some trivalent lanthanoid ions such as Eu3+
Er3+
Yb3+
and Tm3+
which have a positive magnetic anisotropy it was reported to orient bicelles such that their normal
is parallel to the fields by NMR measurements On the other hands it was reported that cations including
lanthanoid ions induce the conformation change of the polar head group of lipids too So we investigated the
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
74 |
effects of lanthanoids ion Eu3+
on phosphate head groups of DMPC membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures in the
absence of magnetic fields by fluorescence spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry and compared with
the results of NMR measurements
Po-22
Status of double beta decay experiment with KamLAND
Azusa Terashima
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Neutrinoless double beta decay predicted by Furry in 1938 and described by the process A(Z) -gt A(Z+2) + 2e- is
extremely rare process yet observed in nature This remarkable decay that violates the lepton number conservation
demands two characteristic neutrino properties One is that neutrinos have non-zero mass and another one is they
are Majorana particles
Although rare decay rate (half-life gt 1020
yr) make experiment difficult which requires very low background and
large volume this decay is very interested in since it will tell us the nature of neutrinos (DiracMajorana) its
effective mass via its half-life and neutrino mass hierarchy
The Kamioka Liquid scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector (KamLAND) is low energy neutrino detector with 1000
ton s of highly purified liquid scintillator (LS) located on the former Kamiokande experiment site in Japan at a
depth of ~2700 m water equivalent
Utilizing KamLAND clean environment and its large volume of liquid scintillator we will search the
neutrinoless double beta decay with 90 enriched 400kg of 136
Xe nuclei at 1st phase started in 2011
With a little improvement of the detector and Xe loaded into the liquid scintillator KamLAND aims to understand
the nature of neutrinos The status and development of this experiment will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 75
Po-23
Simulations on Dynamics of Wormlike Micellar System
Using Particle-Field Hybrid Models
Masatoshi Toda
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Surfactant molecules eg cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) self-assemble reversibly into long and
flexible micelles in the presence of certain salts eg sodium salicylate (NaSal) [1] Such micelles are generally
called ldquowormlike micellesrdquo or ldquoliving polymersrdquo and known to show pronounced viscoelastic properties due to the
relaxation of intermicellar entanglements For example in the linear viscoelastic regime they can show the
exponential relaxation characterized by the single relaxation time [2] This behavior is very different from that of
entangled polymeric systems which have a broad spectrum of the entanglement relaxation modes In a steady shear
flow (nonlinear regime) they can also show shear-induced phase separations called ldquoshear bandingrdquo [3] The
detailed molecular origins of these interesting rheological properties have not yet been understood
In order to investigate rheological properties of wormlike micellar systems we propose particle-field hybrid
models which treat wormlike micellar chains as discrete particles and a solvent part as a continuous field The
method will enable us to simulate large-scale systems more efficiently than conventional particle-based methods
eg Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) [4]
We will report details of our models and several results by computer simulations on the models
References
[1] I W Hamley Introduction to Soft Matter (Wiley 2007)
[2] T Shikata H Hirata T Kotaka Langmuir 3 1081 (1987) 4 354 (1988) 5 398 (1989)
[3] M E Cates S M Fielding Adv Phys 55 799 (2006)
[4] P J Hoogerbrugge J M V A Koelman Europhys Lett 19 155 (1992)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
76 |
Po-24
Magneto-dielectric phenomena in charge ordered system
with frustrated geometrical lattice
Makoto Naka (D2) Sumio Ishihara
Physics Tohoku University
Electronic ferroelectricity is known as phenomenon where electric polarization is attributed to the charge order
without inversion symmetry This is seen in some transition metal oxides eg RFe2O4 (R is a rare earth ion) and
charge-transfer organic salts In LuFe2O4 magneto-dielectric phenomena such as increasing of electric polarization
around magnetic ordering temperature observed and are investigated experimentally and theoretically [1] Quasi
2- -(ET)2Cu2(CN)3 -ET salts of which two ET molecules construct a
dimerized pair and are located on a triangular lattice These compounds are known as a so-called dimer-Mott
insulator because one hole exists in each dimer Because of nearly isotropic triangular lattice and the geometrical
frustration novel spin liquid state is expected to appear Recently it is reported that the increase of dielectric
constant is experimentally observed below 60K This indicates the presence of ferro (or anti-ferro) electric
transition The electric polarization is thought to be generated by a localized hole in one side of ET molecules in
dimers [2]
We present a theory of magneto-dielectric phenomena in electronic ferroelectricity in RFe2O4 -ET salt
-ET salts we treat an electric dipole as a pseudo spin and derive the effective model
Hamiltonian where the inter-dimer transfer integrals and the Coulomb interactions are introduced in a triangular
lattice We analyze this model by utilizing the mean-field approximation and the classical Monte-Carlo simulation
We found that the magnetodielectric phenomena originate from spin-charge coupling and geometrical frustration
We also suggest that charge degree of freedom controls the magnetic ordered and disordered states
References
[1] M Naka A Nagano and S Ishihara Phys Rev B 77 224441 (2008)
[2] T Sasaki et al (unpublished)
[3] M Naka and S Ishihara (in preparation)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 77
Po-25
Pi-mesonic decays of Λ hypernuclei
Yoji Nakagawa
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
78 |
Po-26
Axionic Mirage Mediation
Shuntaro Nakamura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Although the mirage mediation is one of the most plausible mediation mechanisms of supersymmetry
breaking it suffers from two crucial problems One is the muB mu-problem and the second is the cosmological
one The former stems from the fact that the B parameter tends to be comparable with the gravitino mass which is
two order of magnitude larger than the other soft masses The latter problem is caused by the decay of the modulus
whose branching ratio into the gravitino pair is sizable In this talk we propose a model of mirage mediation in
which Peccei-Quinn symmetry is incorporated
In this axionic mirage mediation it is shown that the Peccei-Quinn symmetry breaking scale is dynamically
determined around 10^10 GeV to 10^12 GeV due to the supersymmetry breaking effects and the
mu-problem can be solved naturally Furthermore in our model the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) is the
axino that is the superpartner of the axion The overabundance of the LSPs due to decays of modulusgravitino
which is the most serious cosmological difficulty in the mirage mediation can be avoided if the axino is
sufficiently light The next-LSPs (NLSPs) produced by the gravitino eventually decay into the axino LSPs yielding
the dominant component of the axinos remaining today It is shown that the axino with the mass of O(100) MeV is
naturally realized which can constitute the dark matter of the Universe with the free-streaming length of the order
of 01 Mpc The saxion the real scalar component of the axion supermultiplet can also be cosmologically harmless
due to the dilution of the modulus decay The lifetime of NLSP is relatively long but much shorter than 1 sec
when the big-bang nucleosynthesis commences The decay of NLSP would provide intriguing collider signatures
Po-27
The Study of the Origin of Lyman alpha Emitters
with Large Equivalent Widths
Yuki Nakamura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Through the last decade searches for high-redshift Lyman alpha emitters (LAE) by narrow-band imaging have
been conducted extensively In these surveys the LAEs with very large equivalent width (EW) are studied with
much interest (egMalhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Fujita et al 2003 Hu et al 2004 Dawson et al 2004 Saito et al
2006 Shimasaku et al 2006 Gronwall et al 2007 Ouchi et al 2008 Nilsson et al 2009) as they may be related
with extremely young or metal-poor stars or any other signatures of he very early phase of galaxy formation
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 79
(Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Schaerer 2003) Among the LAEs identified by spectroscopic observation 10-40 have
the large rest-frame equivalent width EW0≦240Å at z=31 (Ouchi et al 2008)
What are the origins of these large EW objects More than a few ideas have been discussed such as
photoionization by extremely hot stars cooling radiation from gravitationally heated gas in the collapsed halos
(Steidel et al 2000 Haiman et al 2000 Fardal et al 2001 Yang et al 2006) or shock heating by starburst-driven
galactic wind (Taniguchi amp Shioya 2000 Taniguchi et al 2001 Ohyama et al 2003 Wilman et al 2005) The
effects of HI scattering and dust absorption should also be considered properly in the models
For the case of photoionization by massive stars it is difficult to reproduce Lyman alpha emission larger than
EW0≦240Å by the simple models with constant continuous star-formation rate at the equilibrium phase when the
numbers of ionizing photons become constantly (Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002) Models with top heavy initial mass
function or very metal-poor stars can reproduce EW larger than ~300Å if the age of star formation is younger than
a fewtimes106 yr With the solar metallicity models with Salpeter IMF are difficult to reproduce such large EW even
much younger age less than 1 Myr (Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Scaerar 2003) In the most extreme case very high
EW objects (gt500Å) are hard to explain without primordial stars with the metallicity less than 10-5
(eg Malhotra
amp Rhoads 2002 Dijkstra amp Wyithe 2007) It would be even possible to detect signatures of population III (POPIII)
metal-free stars among the extremely large EW LAEs
We present the properties of large EW Lyman-alpha emitters in the high-density region at z=31 in and around
the SSA22 fields (Steidel et al 1998 1999 2000 Hayashino et al 2004 Matsuda et al 2004) We have expanded
the previous narrow-band survey using Sprime-Cam equipped with 82m Subaru Telescope to cover in total of
~14deg2 area (Yamada et al in prep) More than 1400 LAEs down to L~167times10
42 erg s
-1 were detected We focus
on the equivalent width distributions of these LAEs to characterize the high density region of LAEs where galaxy
formation seems to occur preferentially at the epoch
Po-28
Ultrafast broadband THz response of photo-induced metallic state
in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF )2I3
H Nakaya1 Y Takahashi
1 S Iwai
12 K Yamamoto
3 K Yakushi
3 and S Saito
4
1 Department of Physics Tohoku University Sendai 980-8578 Japan
2 JST-CREST Sendai 980-8578 Japan
3 Institute for Molecular Science Okazaki 444-8585 Japan
4 Institute of Information and Communications Technology Kobe 651-2492 Japan
Photo-induced insulator to metal transition in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF)2I3
(BEDT-TTF[bis(ethylenedithio)]tetrathiafulvalene) has been investigated using mid-IR pump-probe [1-3] and
near-IR pump-terahertz(THz) probe spectroscopy [4] However the measurement range of THz spectroscopy was
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
80 |
very narrow (2-11 meV) In this study spectral range was extended to 2-36 meV (05-9 THz)
Figure 1 shows that transient absorption (OD) spectra observed for excitation intensity (089 eV 001 mJcm2)
at 124 K OD spectrum at 08 ps has a broad absorption increase exhibiting generation of the metallic state
Moreover marked change of the phonon structure at 16 meV (arrow) was detected immediately after excitation We
will discuss the low energy carrier and lattice dynamics based on the time evolution of the broad THz spectrum
[1] Iwai et al Phys Rev Lett 98 097402 (2007)
[2] Iwai et al Phys Rev B 77 125131 (2008)
[3] Yamamoto et al J Phys Soc Jpn 77 074709(2008)
[4] Nakaya et alUltrafast Phenomena XVI 173 (2008)
Po-29
Ring-Exchange interaction in Orbital Degenerate System
J Nasu (D2) S Ishihara
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Orbital degree of freedom is one of the recent attractive themes in transition-metal oxides In contrast to the spin
degree of freedom the inter-site interaction between the orbitals is anisotropic in the real space As a result a kind
of frustration termed orbital frustration is brought about A doubly degenerate eg orbital are represented by the
pseudo-spin (PS) operator T and the orbital interaction is described by the nearest neighbor (NN) exchange
interaction between PSs Due to the orbital frustration there is a macroscopic number of degeneracy in the classical
ground state This degeneracy is lifted by the thermal and quantum fluctuations This is known to be the so-called
ldquoorder by fluctuationrdquo mechanism However the NN interaction based on the perturbation with respect to the
electron transfer is not sufficient in the system which is close to the metal-insulator transition
In this study we examine the ring-exchange interaction in the orbital degenerate system with strong electron
correlation First we derive the effective Hamiltonian from the two-orbital Hubbard model by the perturbational
processes up to the order of (tU)4 where t is hopping integral of an electron and U is inter-orbital Coulomb
interaction on the same site This effective Hamiltonian has not only an interaction between NN PSs but also the
ring-exchange interaction It is worth to note this ring-exchange term includes the octupole operator Ty which does
not appear in the conventional effective Hamiltonian for orbital We analyze this model by the classical
Figure 1 Transient absorption (ΔOD)
spectra observed for excitation intensity
001 mJcm2 at 124 K
0 10 20 30
0
05
1
Fig1 Transient absorption (ΔOD) spectra observed for excitation intensity 001 mJcm2 at 124 K The solid and dashed curve indicate 08 and 25 ps after excitation
124 K
08 ps
Photon Energy (meV)
ΔO
D
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 81
Monte-Carlo method and obtain the phase diagram as functions of temperature and tU In small tU region the
antiferro-type quadrupole (AFQ) order is realized by the thermal fluctuation We find that the canted quadrupole
order is stabilized by the ring-exchange interaction The octupole order appears in large tU region Next to clarify
the quantum effect on the ring-exchange interaction we analyze this model by the Bethe approximation the exact
diagonalization method and the spin-wave approximation We reproduce the AFQ order the canted quadrupole
order and the octupole order In the large tU region we find the quantum para-orbital state which is also confirmed
by the spin-wave approximation
This work is financially supported by Tohoku University Global COE program
Po-30
Shape Memory Effect Induced by Magnetic-Field Rotation
in MnV2O4 Spinel Compound
Yoichi Nii
Physics D1 Tohoku University
In transition metal oxides the orbital degree of freedom plays an important role in their physical phenomena
Spinel compounds are one of the typical systems to study the orbital physics in which the orbital state often gives
rise to much more interesting properties through a possible coupling with both lattice and spin degrees of freedom
MnV2O4 is a representative spinel compound where the orbital-spin coupling is predicted to exist in the nearly
triply degenerate t2g orbital at V3+
sites In this compound a structural phase transition from cubic to tetragonal
(agtc) occurs at Ts = 57K accompanying a ferrimagnetic transition [1] Even above Ts the structural phase
transition can also be induced by the application of a magnetic field via the spin-orbit coupling Below Ts the
tetragonal domain can be aligned by a magnetic field [1] In this research the distribution of the cubic and the three
types of tetragonal domains (c[100]cubic [010]cubic [001]cubic) has been controlled by the combination of
magnetic-field sweep and rotation By rotating the magnetic field from [100]c to [010]c below Ts a single
tetragonal-domain state with c[100]cubic successfully switched to another single-domain state with c[010]cubic By
oscillating the magnetic field direction between [100]cubic to [010]cubic the system showed a strain-angle hysteresis
loop In addition a multi-domain state of these two tetragonal domains is also obtained in a tetragonal phase
induced by a magnetic field along [110]cubic at 57K Combining these processes a magnetic-field induced shape
memory effect without temperature variation has been successfully demonstrated
[1] T Suzuki K Katsumura K Taniguchi T Arima and T Katsufuji Phys Rev Lett 98 127203 (2007)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
82 |
Po-31
The ω meson photoproduction on the nucleon in the threshold region
Ryo HASHIMOTO
Physics D3 Tohoku University
The ω meson is one of the vector meson its spin parity is 1―
Studying near-threshold ω- meson
photoproduction is interesting theme to search for new baryon resonance states Recently the CLAS
collaboration reported that a missing baryon state JP = 52
+ contributes to ω- photoproduction around incident
photon energy of 2 GeV Paying attention to other vector meson production near threshold region the anomaly
of the cross section near threshold region is observed for φ-photoproduction by the CLAS collaboration A local
maximum appeared around Eγ = 2 GeV It is interesting that such a local peak is observed or not observed for
ω- photoproduction The detailed cross section data is needed for these investigations Currently there are a few
data of ω-photoproduction cross section We measure it from threshold up to 1145 MeV
We have already done some experiments with 4π EM calorimeter complex FOREST at Gev-γ experimental hall
in Laboratory of Nuclear Science (now Research Center of electron Photon Science) 750 ndash 1150 MeV
bremsstrahlung photon is exposed to a cryogenic liquid H2D2 target We detect 3 photons decayed from ω meson
generated in the reaction of γN rarrωN ω rarr π0γ rarr 3γ and measure their energy and out-going direction for
reconstruct an invariant mass In a π0γ invariant mass distribution we can find an ω meson peak clearly
The invariant mass of π0γ
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 83
P0-32
Prototype fast imaging detector for YN-scattering
Ryotaro Honda
Physics M1Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
84 |
Po-33
Ground state phase diagram of graphene in a high Landau level
A density matrix renormalization group study
Tatsuya Higashi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 85
Po-34
Investigation of the n ( K0) reaction near the threshold
KFutatsukawa for the NKS2 collaboration D3
Department of Physics Tohoku University Japan
Kaon photoproductions play an important role in the investigation of meson-baryon coupling the structure of
hadrons and search for missing resonances The n ( K0 is a unique process and a key for the investigation on
kaon photoproductions The reactions are (1) since no charge is involved in the initial and final state the t-channel
Born term doesnrsquot contribute (2) since it is the mirror channel of p ( K reaction the coupling constant of the 0
exchange in u-channel change its opposite sign
Therefore we have constructed the Neutral Kaon Spectrometer (NKS2) at the Laboratory of Nuclear Science
Tohoku University (LNS-Tohoku) which can provide tagged photons near the threshold of this reaction NKS2
consists of a dipole magnet with 042 Tesla at the center and TOF counters two types of drift chambers The target
is a liquid deuterium for the investigation into the elementary process of the n ( K0 reaction The acceptance of
NKS2 covers the very forward region making it possible to measure much larger kinematical region for K0 and to
provide the angular distribution for the comparison of the theoretical calculations NKS2 has the large acceptance
against not only +
- decay mode from K
0 but also p
- decay mode from It makes possible to measure the K
0
coincidence events Thus we can provide the cross sections of not only the single K0 events but also the K
0
coincidence events
We will present the performance of NKS2 in detail and preliminary results of the K0 coincidence events in this
contribution
Po-35
Traffic flow of two lanes with a bottleneck
Sho Furuhashi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Traffic jam is an important problem because it gives the society heavy economic losses In order to untie it we
have to understand traffic currents on road networks Many people have studied traffic currents on road networks
with models There are many models which represent traffic currents Cellular automaton (CA) model is a simple
model of them On a one dimensional lane a fundamental diagram of this model a relation between traffic flow
and vehicle density shows a similar characteristic of actual observed traffic currents Because of this similarity it is
a simple way to use CA model on road networks But road networks are more complex than one dimensional lanes
We have a question whether CA model is suitable for road networks or not
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
86 |
A road network is drawn by representing an intersection as a node and a road as a link When we think the traffic
currents of road networks intersections have important effects At an intersection cars on a lane block cars on the
other lanes So an intersection is recognized as a bottleneck Road network consists of bottlenecks We have to
research the effects of bottlenecks to understand the traffic currents of road networks
We study a traffic current of a simple bottleneck It is a two-lane circuit a part of which is one lane In this
system cyclic changes of the passing direction are observed Many people have studied this system with CA model
and got some results But they have not compared the traffic current of CA model on this system with an actual
traffic current So we do this comparison and check the utility of this model If this utility is confirmed it is a
proper way to use this model on road networks
Actual traffic currents were recorded at two points a corner of a road surrounding the Sendai Castle and the
Ryuujin Bridge near Kurogami Campus of Kumamoto University with a video camera The number of lanes is
reduced from two to one at these points We compared these records with the current of CA model by using a
distribution and a cycle correlation of the number of passing cars in a cycle of changes of the passing direction
The results are as follows Their distributions are exponential distributions They show no cycle correlation
From these results we can say that they are under Poisson Process and CA model reproduces an actual traffic
current
However a problem is left It is whether we can get same result in larger traffic volume or not To say that CA
model is suitable for the traffic current on road networks we have to confirm that we get same result regardless of
traffic volume This is an issue which remains to be solved
Po-36
Staggered Order with Kondo and Crystalline Field Singlets
in f2 System
Shintaro Hoshino Junya Otsuki and Yoshio Kuramoto
Department of Physics Tohoku University
With two localized f-electrons per site as in the case with Pr and U compounds the ground state of a solid can
be a collection of crystalline electric field (CEF) singlets plus the Fermi sea of conduction electrons If the
f-electrons interact strongly with conduction electrons the ground state can also be a collective Kondo singlet
Competition between these two singlets may give rise to rich physics with exotic ordered phases We propose a
novel staggered order of these two kinds of singlets by using a model with CEF singlet-triplet states and conduction
electrons which are connected together by the Kondo coupling We have performed highly accurate numerical
calculations using the dynamical mean-field theory combined with the continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo
method With one conduction electron per site we have found a metal-insulator transition temperature below which
the staggered singlet order emerges
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 87
The figure shows the local density of states in the ordered phase It shows a peak below the Fermi level at a
sublattice for Kondo singlet and a vacant peak at another sublattice for CEF singlet This indicates that the
conduction electrons gather at the Kondo singlet site in order to screen localized moments These two peaks add up
to a double peaked structure as in Kondo insulators We discuss possible relevance of the results to understanding
actual systems such as PrFe4P12 and URu2Si2
Figure Local density of states at the (a) Kondo singlet site and (b) CEF singlet site The band width of conduction
electrons is given by 2D
Po-37
Proton elastic scattering of 9C at 290 MeV
Yohei Matsuda
Physics Assistant professor Tohoku University
In order to understand nuclear properties it is important to get information on various shapes of unstable nuclei
as density distributions Therefore it has been expected to measure proton elastic scattering on unstable nuclei at
intermediate energies In particular the incident energies around 300 MeVnucleon are the most suitable because
the proton has the longest mean free path in nuclei For several years we have been developing an apparatus that
consists of beam detectors a solid hydrogen target and recoil proton detectors And we performed these
experiments which were the first at the energy region at the HIMAC facility in the NIRS
As for these experiments we focused on isotopes of carbon because the mass number varies widely from 9 to 22
and density distributions are different dramatically Among these 9C has two characteristics because of its small
proton separation energy (13 MeV) and no bound excited state One is a candidate of a proton halo nucleus and the
other is an experimental advantage that it is possible to separate elastic scattering events from inelastic scattering
events by charge identification of scattering particles Then we chose 9C as the first object
The differential cross section for 9C at 290 MeV is obtained in the momentum transfer region of 1 to 2 fm
-1 The
absolute value is determined by measuring proton elastic and inelastic scattering to the first 2+ excited state of
12C
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
88 |
at 410 MeVnucleon Error bars include systematic and statistical errors and the latter mainly contribute to the
uncertainty Compared with 12
C data the angular distribution does not show a clear diffraction minimum
In the present study the angular distribution is compared with microscopic model calculations Optical model
description is performed with the RIA and the G-matrix approximation Description of nuclear structure is done
with the RMF and the AMD The unclear diffraction minimum is comparatively reproduced by the RMF It is
considered that this reproduction is derived from that the tail of the proton distribution grows longer than that of the
AMD result Though more detailed discussion could be done in comparison with more backscattering data a lack
of data and an inaccurateness of nuclear reaction models at the angle make it difficult In future it is desired to
improve these two points
Po-38
High Resolution and High Statistics Λ Hypernuclear Spectroscopy
by the (e ersquoK+) Reaction
Akihiko Matsumura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Λ hypernuclear spectroscopy by the (eersquoK+) reaction is a powerful tool to investigate ΛN interaction because
this reaction excites various states up to deep inside of hypernucleus and sub-MeV resolution can be achieved
thanks to the high quality primary electron beam from CEBAF at Jefferson laboratory (JLab) The second
generation hypernuclear spectroscopy at JLab Hall C E01-011 was successfully performed in the summer of 2005
introducing High resolution Kaon Spectrometer (HKS) and a new configuration for scattered electron spectrometer
These unique techniques significantly improved both energy resolution and hypernuclear tagging efficiency and we
succeeded to study various hypernuclei
12
ΛB precise p-shell hypernuclear structures were measured and the binding energy and cross section were
compared with the shell model calculation with DWIA
28
ΛAl The first hypernuclear spectroscopy beyond the p-shell by the (eersquoK+) reaction was executed and
major shell structures were observed The results were compared with the shell model calculation with DWIA
7ΛHe The first spectroscopic investigation of
7ΛHe which is one of the unique neutron rich hypernuclear by
(eersquoK+) reaction was carried out successfully The result provides new information on ΛΣ coupling and charge
symmetry breaking
with high resolution and sufficient statistics for the first time by this reaction The analysis is now in the final stage
and systematic errors of binding energy and cross section were estimated with a help of the detailed Monte Carlo
simulation The overview and the analysis result of E01-011 experiment will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 89
Po-39
External Gamma-ray Backgrounds of the KamLAND Detector
Yukie Minekawa
Physics D2 Tohoku University
The KamLAND detector is a scintillation detector for neutrino measurement located in the Kamioka mine It
consists of the inner detector with radius of 9 meters and the outer detector The inner detector has 1000 tons liquid
scintillator at the center and it is a detection part of neutrino events
The liquid scintillatior is surrounded by mountain rocks and the KamLAND components such as PMTs EVOH
films Kevlar strings stainless and so on They contain some amount of radioactive impurities Their radiations are
detected by KamLAND and are backgrounds of neutrino events Especially gamma rays are serious since they
travel long distance A lot of them are able to get into the liquid scintillator
It needs to estimate the amounts of these backgrounds and their position dependences in order to distinguish
neutrino events This requires simulations of radiations with the detector geometry considered
For these simulations geant4 a tool for particle simulations is used The radiations are generated from each
surroundings and their energy deposits are constructed as events detected in KamLAND Compared with
KamLAND data the amounts of the backgrounds from surroundings are be able to estimated Their position
dependences enable us to know the effects of them in the fiducial volume
Po-40
Higgs Triplet Model
Yusuke Motoki
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Standard Model (SM) of particle physics is one of the most successful theory Most of the collider
experiment result can be explained in the framework of the SM However in 1998 Super-Kamiokande
experiment discovered that the neutrinos have very small masses In the SM the neutrinos are massless
particles We must consider the new model which the neutrinos have masses In the Higgs Triplet Model (HTM)
which is simplest extension of SM a complex SU(2) triplet scalar field with the hypercharge Y = 2 is added to
SM Lagrangian in order to have the neutrino masses This model generates the Majorana neutrino masses via
the Yukawa couplings of the triplet scalar field Yukawa couplings of triplet scalar field product lepton flavor
violating decays and etc The decays are searched for at the B
factory
A distinctive point in the HTM is that doubly charged Higgs bosons exists The decays of this particles are
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
90 |
particular processes If doubly charged Higgs bosons mass is relatively light it will be produced at the CERN
Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
In this Poster Session Irsquod like to explain the relations between the HTM and collider experiments
Po-41
Electron diffraction study of the low temperature phase of
Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16
Daisuke Morikawa
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Recently the high quality single crystal of Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16 has been successfully made by
high-pressure synthesis and the metal-insulator transition keeping ferromagnetism was formed at 95K [1] This
phenomenon is very rare in the strongly-correlated electron materials The crystal structure of the low temperature
phase and the origin of the metal-insulator phase transition have been unclear yet The purpose of this study is to
examine the phase transition at the nano-scale area of K2Cr8O16 using Convergent-beam electron diffraction
(CBED) and Selected-area electron diffraction (SAED)
Single crystals of K2Cr8O16 were prepared by Mr Hasegawa and Prof Ueda ISSP University of Tokyo using
high-pressure synthesis The electron diffraction experiments were conducted using a JEM-2010FEF transmission
electron microscope equipped with an in-column omega-type energy filter Intensities of electron diffraction were
recorded on imaging plate The accelerating voltage of electron microscope was 100kV The electron diffraction
patterns were obtained at specimen temperature of 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Figure 1 shows energy-filtered CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
In this figure Zeroth order Laue zone (ZOLZ) reflections are shown It is clearly shown that the structure transition
is not occurred at low temperature phase The [001] [111] and [201] incidence SAED patterns were also taken and
shows no structure transition at low temperature
[1] K Hasegawa et al Phys Rev Lett 103 146403 (2009)
Figure 1 The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively Every patterns show m symmetry
and there no difference
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 91
Po-42
Light scattering by collective excitation of phonon
in quantum paraelectrics
Ryuta Takano
Physics D1 Tohoku University
SrTiO3 and KTaO3 are typical perovskite-type oxides The polarization arrangement in these materials is thought
to be disturbed by the zero point vibration though they have a ferroelectric phonon mode that softens at the Γ point
As a result they do not undergo a ferroelectric phase transition so these materials are often called Quantum
paraelectrics The normal phonon-phonon scattering where the momentum is conserved is thought to become
predominant at the Γ point due to the anharmonic interaction between the long wave-length phonons of the soft
transverse optic and the acoustic modes Gurevich and Tagantsev expected the existence of the second-sound wave
(compression wave of the phonon gas) from the above-mentioned speculation in SrTiO3 and KTaO3 [1] We have
observed a scattered peak that looked like the sound wave (which was called Broad doublet (BD)) at 30K or less in
SrTiO3 and at 20K or less in KTaO3 in our low frequency light scattering experiment [Figure 1] Since the origin of
the BD is still controversial it is important to understand more systematically the collective excitation of phonon
by the analysis on low frequency elementary excitation in quantum paraelectrics Therefore we aimed to
understand the temperature dependence of the relaxation times (τNτR) of the ldquoNormal processrdquo (in which the
momentum is preserved in the phonon-phonon scattering) and the ldquoResistive processrdquo (of considering all scattering
that contributes to dissipative energy transport by phonon and lattice imperfection or impurities) from the spectrum
analysis based on the extended thermodynamics [2]
Figure 2 shows the temperature dependences of τN and τR determined by fitting that uses the extended
thermodynamics The horizontal and vertical axes measure the temperature and the angular frequency respectively
Both axes are logarithmically scaled ω0 denotes the natural frequency of the second-sound wave The conclusion
from the analysis is as the followings
1 A narrow quasi-elastic scattering component in the high temperature region is a light scattering spectrum by
thermal diffusion It has been understood that the frequency of the resistive process falls when lowering the
temperature in SrTiO3 and this thermal diffusion mode (the second-sound wave that over dumped) shifts to the
second-sound wave (propagating mode)
2 It cannot be said that the phonon gas is in the state of the collective excitation in the observation scale of the
actual experiment It should be interpreted that the observed BD for KTaO3 only as the second order Raman
scattering involving pairs of individual phonons
[1] VLGurevich and AKTagantsev Sov Phys JETP 67 206 (1988)
[2] Djou JCasas-Vacuteazquez and GLebon Extended Irreversible thermodynamics (Springer 2001) 3rd ed
Figure The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Every patterns show m symmetry and there no difference
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
92 |
Figure 1 Light scattering spectrum of SrTiO3 and KTaO3 Figure 2 Temperature dependence of τN and τR
Po-43
Formation of the Milky Way Based on the Analysis of Kinematics and
Chemical Abundance of the Outer Halo Stars
Miho Ishigaki
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
How galaxies in the Universe came into existence remains one of the big questions in astronomy It is now
widely recognized that our own Milky Way (MW) Galaxy serves as a unique laboratory to examine mechanisms at
which our Galaxy as well as galaxies in general formed and evolved One important advantage of studying our
Galaxy is that because of its proximity one can measure position velocity and chemical abundance of individual
stars in the solar neighborhood which can be used as a fossil record of the early Galaxy
As an attempt to constrain how our Galaxy formed we study chemical abundance of old stars whose orbits
reach the outer part of the Galactic stellar halo Because of their unusual orbital velocity these outer halo stars are
considered as possible candidates for debris of small galaxies that have been disrupted either partly or totally
during the course of accretion on to the MW in the past In the poster we present the results of our abundance
analysis for the sample of 57 outer halo stars using the data obtained with High-Dispersion Spectrograph mounted
on the Subaru telescope Our detailed abundance results for the key elements including Magnesium Calcium Iron
etc support the hypothesis that the certain fraction of the MW outer stellar halo have built up by accretions of
smaller galaxies as previously suggested from studies based on lower resolution spectral data
Figure The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Every patterns show m symmetry and there no difference
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 93
Po-44
Searching for Luminous Core-Collapsed Supernovae
in a High-z Proto-Cluster
Nana Morimoto
Astronomy D1 Tohoku University
It has been revealed that SSA22 region at redshift z=31 is an extremely high density region of LAEs (LyA
emitters) In addition to this star formation in this region is supposed to be biased to very large mass from the
evidence such as a large number of large LyA EW objects Therefore core-collapsed supernovae (SNe) of massive
stars are expected to occur frequently in this region While SNe has not been detected beyond zgt2 to date it is very
important not only to detect core-collapsed SNe at z=31 but also to obtain any useful information to understand
star formation in early universe So we estimated the expectation of observing core-collapsed SNe in SSA22 region
at z=31 based on our own sample of star-forming galaxies and carried out preliminary observations and data
analysis to search for variable objects to investigate the detectability of core-collapsed SNe at high-z by searching
for variability of LAEs in this region
Po-45
A Study of Light Curves from Rapidly Rotating Neutron Stars
Kazutoshi Numata
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
The launch of the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) brought many discoveries in the physics of neutron
stars Periodic millisecond X-ray oscillations have been detected in 22 accreting neutron stars in low-mass X-ray
binary systems (hereafter we refer to these accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar as AMXPs) Accretion-powered
millisecond oscillations have so far been detected in 10 AMXPs The oscillation can be always detected in 7
AMXPs of 10 AMXPs and 3 others can be detected intermittently
The light curves for X-rays emitted from neutron stars have various information which are the stars radius
mass spin frequency inner structure of the stars circumstellar region observer inclination and so on We mainly
consider AMXPs and compare their properties to light curves calculated by assumed models
AMXPs have several properties The main properties are small amplitudes sinusoidal pulse shapes variable
oscillation amplitudes variable pulse phases The fractional rms amplitudes of the accretion powered oscillation are
about 1-2 in most AMXPs And observed light curves have nearly sinusoidal pulse shapes and the fractional rms
amplitudes of fundamental is usually tenth times larger than first overtone component
Andersson (1998) proposed that r-mode are excited by gravitational wave radiation R-modes are waves
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
94 |
propagated in neutron stars So it is important to think r-mode on surface of the neutron star Therefore we use the
model of R-mode plus hot spot model (RS model) to calculate light curves from the neutron stars This model is a
new model There have been models to assume only r-modes and to assume only hot spots so far but there have
never been models that r-modes and hot spots are assumed simultaneously
The hot spot locate on the surface of the neutron star and dont interact with r-mode thermally This r-mode is
the wave in a rotating and magnetized neutron star (Lee 2009) The neutron star is assumed to be threaded by a
dipole magnetic field which strength B0 at the surface is 1010
G This strength of 1010
G is typically value in
low-mass X-ray binary systems It is calculated in a neutron star model composed of a fluid ocean a solid crust
and a fluid core The fluid core is treated to be non-magnetic to assume that magnetic pressure is much smaller than
the gas pressure there
In addition to fitting to the present observation we researched what light curves can be observed And we also
researched whether we can detect the oscillation due to r-mode if it exist in neutron stars We found that its
detectability is strong enough in present observation accuracy The oscillation have never observed yet But if it is
detected information about neutron stars inner structure will be also derived
Po-46
CMB Bispectrum from the Second-Order Cosmological Perturbations
Daisuke Nitta
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
We calculate the bispectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature anisotropies induced
by the second-order fluctuations in the Boltzmann equation In this poster we consider the terms that are products
of the first-order perturbations and leave intrinsically second-order terms and perturbations in the recombination
history
We show that the bispectrum has the maximum signal in the squeezed triangles similar to the local-type
primordial bispectrum as both types generate non-linearities via products of the first-order terms in position space
However detailed calculations show that their shapes are sufficiently different the cross-correlation coefficient
reaches 05 at the maximum multipole of l_max~ 200 and then weakens to 03 at l_max~ 2000 The
differences in shape arise from (i) the way the acoustic oscillations affect the bispectrum and (ii) the second-order
effects not being scale-invariant This implies that the contamination of the primordial bispectrum due to the
second-order effects (from the products of the first-order terms) is small The expected signal-to-noise ratio of the
products of the first-order terms is ~ 04 at l_max~ 2000 for a full-sky cosmic variance limited experiment
We therefore conclude that the products of the first-order terms may be safely ignored in the analysis of the
future CMB experiments The expected contamination of the local-form f_NL is f^local_NL~ 09 at
l_max~ 200 and f^local_NL~ 05 at l_max~ 2000
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 95
Po-47
General Properties of Non-Radial Pulsations
Aprilia
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
Po-48
A Study on Mathematical Fuzzy Logic
Ahmad Termimi Bin Ab Ghani
Mathematical institute Tohoku University
We study some important properties of mathematical fuzzy logic based on the logical systems BL and BLforall
(basic fuzzy propositional and predicate logic) such as computational complexity of fuzzy propositional calculi We
also discuss arithmetical complexity issues which treat the degrees of undecidability of fuzzy predicate calculi
Finally we investigate some open problems concerning the arithmetical complexity on monadic logic and the
corresponding Σ1-completeness (Π1- completeness)
Reference
[1] Haacutejek P Godo L Esteva F A complete many-valued logic with product conjunction Arch Math Logic 35
(1996) 191-208
[2] Haacutejek P Metamathematics of fuzzy logic Kluwer 1998
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
96 |
[3] Haacutejek P Fuzzy logic and arithmetical hierarchy III Studia logica 68 (2001) 129-142
[4] Haacutejek P Monadic fuzzy predicate logic Studia logica 71 (2002) 165-175
Po-49
Some space-time integrability estimates of the solution for heat
equations in two dimension
Norisuke Ioku Mathematical institute Tohoku University
Po-50
Well-posedness for Navier-Stokes equations in modulation spaces with
negative derivative indices
Tsukasa Iwabuchi
Mathematical institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 97
Po-51
The soul conjecture for Riemannian orbifolds
Naoki Oishi
Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
In 1994 Perelman solved the Cheeger-Gromoll soul conjecture ldquoIf a smooth non-compact complete Riemannian
manifold M of nonnegative curvature has positive curvature at a point then its soul is an one point set
Consequently M is diffeomorphic to a Euclidean spacerdquo But he couldnt generalize the theorem to Alexandrov
spaces We show an analogous result to the theorem for Riemannian orbifolds which belong to Alexandrov spaces
Po-52
A new approach to the existence of harmonic maps
Toshiaki Omori
Mathematical Institute D2 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
98 |
Po-53
Stability of the interface of a Hele-Shaw flow with two injection points
Michiaki Onodera
Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 99
Po-54
THE ISOMORPHISM BETWEEN MOTIVIC COHOMOLOGY AND K-GROUPS FOR EQUI-CHARACTERISTIC REGULAR LOCAL
RINGS
Yuki Kato
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-55
Bifurcations in semilinear elliptic equations on thin domains
Toru Kan
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-56
ON THE CURVATURE OF THE PSEUDO-VOLUME FORM
DEFINING THE CARATH_EODORY MEASURE
HYPERBOLICITY
Shin Kikuta
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
100 |
Po-57
Goumldels Incompleteness Theorem Recursively Axiomatizable Theories
and Medvedev Degrees of Unsolvability
Takayuki Kihara
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 101
Po-58
Hypergeometric series on a p-adic field
Kensaku Kinjo
Mathematical Institute Tohoku Univercity D2
Po-59
On Hasse principle of purely transcendental extension field
in one variable
Makoto Sakagaito
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
The map from the Brauer group of a global field to the product of the Brauer groups of the completions (the
local-global map) is known to be injective This classical result is called the Hasse principle In the case of positive
characteristic global fields are algebraic function fields in one variable over finite fields Related to this classical
result I studied the question of whether the Hasse principle holds in the case where the field is a purely transcendental
extension in one variable of any field Assuming a certain property of the edge map of a certain Leray spectral
sequence I ascertained the result that the local-global map of a purely transcendental extension field restricted to a
certain subgroup is injective In the case where m is a natural number prime to the characteristic of the ground field
the subgroup contains the m-torsion-part of the Brauer group of the purely transcendental extension field In the case
where the ground field is a perfect field the subgroup coincides with the Brauer group of the purely transcendental
extension field
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
102 |
Po-60
Large time behavior of solutions for system
of nonlinear damped wave equations
Hiroshi Takeda Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
We consider the Cauchy problem for a system of semilinear damped wave equations with small initial dataWe
derive the asymptotic profile of the nonlinear system corresponding to the results for the nonlinear single equation
and we obtain the sufficient condition of the growth order on the nonlinear term to ensure the existence of the
solution with the optimal decay Our proof is based on the analysis for the fundamental solutions of the linear
damped wave equation
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 103
Po-61
Non-abelian generalization of Iwasawa theory
Kazuaki Tajima
Mathematical Institute D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
104 |
Po-62
The quadratic subextension of the class field of a real quadratic field
Toshihide Doi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-63
Pattern formation by receptor-based models for regeneration
experiments on Hydra
Madoka Nakayama
Mathematical Institute D2 Tohoku University
Hydra is a small animal living in fresh water which is best known for its ability of regeneration When a hydra is
cut into two pieces two hydras will regenerate There has been several mathematical models proposed to describe
this experiment A classical model proposed by Gierer and Meinhardt in 1972 is based on the idea of diffusion-
driven instability between two chemicals called activator and inhibitor Recently Anna Marciniak proposed new
regeneration models from a more biologically refined viewpoint Her models consist of free and bound receptors
ligands and an enzyme and a head is formed at place of higher bound receptor concentration We discuss stability of
its stationary solutions It turns out that the mechanism producing non-trivial spatial patterns has a similarity with that
of MacWilliams reaction diffusion model
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 105
Po-64
The computational methods of canonical heights on elliptic curve
Tadahisa Nara
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Heights of points is numerical size of the points for certain arithmetic Canonical height is one of heights which
is defined on elliptic curves Studying canonical heights gives us information about structure of Mordell-Weil
groups In general canonical height is defined as a limit and it is not easy to compute it In the poster we introduce
more practical methods for computation by Tate and Silverman which are considered to be suitable for also
uniform estimate For an application of that we consider generators on some families of elliptic curves
Po-65
Spatial branching process in random environment
Nishimori Yasuhito
Mathematical Institute D1 Tohoku University
Po-66
On a periodic decomposition of meromorphic functions
Takanao Negishi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
106 |
Po-67
Difficulties of solving problems
Kojiro Higuchi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 107
Po-68
Undecidability and weak theory of concatenation
Yoshihiro Horihata
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-69
Daviesrsquo Conjecture for Pseudo-Schroumldinger Operators and its
Applications to Penalization Problem
Masakuni Matsuura
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
108 |
Po-70
TORSION POINTS OF ABELIAN VARIETIES WITH VALUES IN
INFINITE EXTENSION FIELDS
Yuken Miyasaka
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 109
Po-71
Maximum principle for a biological model related to the motion of
amoebae
Harunori Monobe Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
110 |
Po-72
Asymptotic behaviour of solutions to the drift-diffusion equation
in the whole spaces
Masakazu Yamamoto
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
We consider the initial value problem for the Nernt-Planck drift-diffusion equation in the whole spaces Our
model is a system of the nonlinear parabolic equation and the Poisson equation The drift-diffusion equation is a
model of the plasma dynamics The solutions of this equation stand for the density of the charges and the electric
potential We study the large-time behavior of the solution to the drift-diffusion equation by deriving the asymptotic
expansion of the solution Especially we discuss the contrast between the odd-dimensional cases and the
even-dimensional cases
Po-73
A study of the idea of systematic knowledge On the relation between
nature and spirit in the organizational view of nature
Fukuko Abe
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In the studies of the humanities and science which have become increasingly technical sophisticated and
interdisciplinary the idea of the assimilation of literature and science attracted growing academic interest in recent
years This idea naturally requires not the aggregate but systematic knowledge accompanied by a philosophy that
addresses the question of what it is that we conceive as knowledge It was the German philosophy as it evolved
during the 18-19th century which based on works on systematic or speculative knowledge attempted to establish
an organizational view of nature becoming known under the notion of natural philosophy Here nature and spirit
which were traditionally conceived as divided notions within the mechanical view on nature were now viewed in a
new light as something unified through life Although modern natural philosophy contains a large number of
difficult questions with regard to its present-day validity this study investigates based on the currents of the
organizational view on nature in contemporary philosophy the relation between nature and spirit in this particular
theoretical notion as well as the systematic knowledge itself which attempts to apprehend such an organizational
whole
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 111
Po-74
Medical technology and surrogate decision-making
Haruka Hikasa
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Consensus-building in science technology generally presumes the autonomous individual With regard to
medical technology it is bioethics which emphasizes the principle of respecting the autonomy of the individual Yet
in the case of some patients only insufficient autonomy is granted or may even be absent Consider for example
newborns suffering a serious illness or patients who are in a persistent vegetative state caused by brain death or
who suffer from dementia or mental illness Thus it appears reasonable to engage in an argumentation in order to
seek specific criteria for surrogate decision-making with regard to such incompetent patients
If a patient is not competent allowing this person to choose or to refuse treatment who should be allowed in what
fashion to make a decision in the interest of this patient In conventional bioethics standards for surrogate
decision-making are often distinguished into substituted judgment (pure autonomy) and decisions judged from what
is conceived to be in the best interest of the patient
It appears to me however that these standards involve ethical problems such as the validity of the precedent
autonomy and evaluation of the potential burden of benefits for the patient In this presentation I wish to discuss
the framework of standards for surrogate decision-making in order to make decisions on behalf of individuals
incompetent to seek decisions on their own
Po-75
Humersquos empiricism and the experimental method of reasoning
Hiromichi Sugawara
Philosophy D1 Tohoku University
David Hume was a Scottish philosopher and historian who lived in the 18th
century Humersquos work is usually
classified as the most significant work in the tradition of empiricism Empiricism is generally defined as the view
according to which knowledge and understanding derives from experience (via the senses) The methodology of
Humersquos inquiry is explicitly described in the subtitle of his famous first work A Treatise of Human Nature Being
an Attempt to Introduce the Experimental Method of Reasoning into Moral Subjects It is said that Humersquos method
of reasoning was influenced by the scientific method applied by Newton articulated in his Philosophiae Naturalis
Principia Mathematica However the influence of Newtonrsquos thought on Hume is not necessarily definite Therefore
it seems to me that Humersquos empiricism remains open to various interpretations Therefore in this presentation I
wish to demonstrate the experimental method of reasoning influenced by Newton and the empirical attitude
initially attempted by Hume
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
112 |
Po-76
Epistemic deference and transmission of knowledge
How should we (non-scientists) acquire warranted beliefs about
scientific propositions
Mariko Nihei
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Suppose I have heard that a quark is a fundamental particle from an expert in particle physics and I believe it is
true even though I do not have direct evidence or a clear notion concerning what a quark is or what counts as a
fundamental particle Then how do I know that a quark is a fundamental particle For non-scientists most of
scientific knowledge would fit this situation But at the same time it is difficult to acquire all relevant evidence
concerning particular situations by ourselves because we do not go through extensive specialized training
Moreover there is too much ldquoscientific knowledgerdquo in the world while at the same time our intellect remains too
limited Thus in this presentation drawing on recent arguments about ldquoepistemic deferencerdquo and transmission of
knowledge between non-scientists and scientists (here esp Hardwig 19851988 Brewer 19982006) I attempt to
demonstrate a possible epistemological scheme for how and when we as non-scientists acquire warranted beliefs
about technical or scientific propositions without possessing evidence for such beliefs by our own ability The
conceptual scheme which I will provide here will be useful for the practice of facilitating scientific communication
Po-77
The Finiteness of Human Beings and the Role of Technology
Ryozo Suzuki
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Human beings lead a life in uneasiness and search for something reliable Where does this feeling derive from
What does ldquoreliablerdquo refer to
In the first place organisms fight and eat each other ldquoLiferdquo (in German Leben) produces the tissues of itself and
survives after these die Human beings live in the same fashion We fight for survival kill other lives and produce
children who live over the death of their parents Parents seek the ldquodurabilityrdquo or ldquochangelessnessrdquo of themselves in
their children Hegel points out that this intuition (in German Anschauung) maintains the elementary reliability and
easiness of everyday life Therefore it seems that in here we find the reason why our deepest interest in science
technology at present concentrates on reproductive technologies
According to thinkers such as Hegel or Gehlen technology guards us against excessive emotions which derive
from ldquoliferdquo The process of life gives birth to us Yet life for itself is relevant to the existence of ldquoIrdquo as an individual
Therefore we as individuals possess a fear of death which characterizes life as a notion of ambiguity It is this
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 113
nature which generates a fundamental uneasiness in us From the point of practical significance technology
encompasses a deep relation with the hope for durability (ldquoeternityrdquo) against lifersquos changeability or ambiguity We
tend to favor artificial things which are stable and continue to exist longer than we do (in this sense Gehlen has
pointed out the reason for why human beings come to depend on petrochemistry) Therefore we may say that we
are more fetishistic than ever
Po-78
What is ethically problematic in Biogenetics
Takuma Obara
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In this presentation I will consider some of the ethical problems in biogenetics that we are confronted with
today
With the scientific breakthroughs achieved in biogenetics it will be possible to manipulate the genome Once
we obtain knowledge then there is no return to innocent ignorance If we know how to improve ourselves why
should we abstain from doing so Frankly speaking there are no reasons why we should do so Yet the point here
is that an attempt to achieve onersquos goal with the help of such technology would result in the contrary We are severe
on the difference between what belongs to a person and what does not while we highly value the former Therefore
external manipulations result in failure to gain estimation from other people
We also estimate onersquos efforts to achieve such goal even if those efforts have not been marked by success On
the contrary if one strengthens his common abilities with external manipulations such as drugs we despise such
person However if one reinforces his effort what should we do It is apparent that this person applies external
manipulations while undergoing severe experiences In other words are we able to draw a line of division between
the internal and the external within an individual Moreover should we evaluate a talent belonging to a person
without any conditionality These this presentation wishes to argue describe the actual problems which we should
consider and develop answers to once biogenetic manipulations are realized
Po-79
The ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude
Tetsurou Yamashita
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
If we conceive scientific activities radically that is in terms of the ontological structure of the human being we
may understand that science is not the primary way of our being but a modification of practical activities in
everydayness Through the ontological change from the practical attitude in which we are concerned with beings
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
114 |
(entities) in a specific context we can shift to a theoretical attitude which enables us to thematize beings clearly
from a free (independent) viewpoint The theoretical attitude is a condition for the possibility of the discovery of
beings Yet its discovery confines itself to a limited discovery for the theoretical attitude articulates various ways
of being folded wholly into the practical attitude in everydayness as the foundation for the discovery therefore it
thematizes beings from a voluntary but single viewpoint (way of being) Based on these circumstances in this
presentation I will sketch the process of the ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude while considering the
ontological significance and limits of this theoretical attitude In doing so this presentation will draw heavily on
Martin Heideggerrsquos ontological insights regarding the human being
Po-80
Risk uncertainty and the precautionary principle
How to deal with scientific uncertainty
Yasuhiko Fujio
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In the age of industrialized societies we are exposed to many risks deriving from the development of science
and technology Therefore we are in need of a risk analysis and management in order to coexist with these
numerous risks Many of these approaches addressing such risks are based on the theory of probability or statistics
yet these approaches are not always helpful
We cannot obtain full knowledge of the events occurring in the future thus we must base our risk analysis and
management on probabilistic or statistical approaches and assess the occurrence of events probabilistically or
statistically However there are some realms of science in which we cannot use such approaches because of a lack
of sufficient scientific knowledge with regard to complex phenomena like global warming Notwithstanding we
must make decisions despite such scientific uncertainty caused by insufficient knowledge of events which might
bring about crucial risks
In order to cope with such uncertainty and evade catastrophic disasters we might have to introduce a
ldquoprecautionary principlerdquo which requires that we should adopt approaches such as regulating or banning the use of
chemical substances or technology to protect the human health and the environment despite the lack of sufficient
scientific certainty
In this presentation I wish to examine the notion of scientific uncertainty with regard to complicated events
and the precautionary principle as a reasonable principle for decision making confronted with such uncertainty
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 115
Po-81
The mechanism of suppressed dynamical friction in a constant density
core of dwarf galaxies
Shigeki Inoue
Astronomy D2 Tohoku University
The dynamical friction problem is a long-standing dilemma In dwarf galaxy dynamical friction is too effective for their
globular clusters (hereafter GCs) to keep their orbital motion Nonetheless these GCs do exist even in current dwarfs However
if dwarf galaxies have a cored dark matter halo which has a constant density region in its center the dynamical friction is
significantly weakened (suppressed dynamical friction) But the mechanism of the suppressed dynamical friction has not been
clarified yet By means of N-body simulation I discuss the mechanism of the suppressed dynamical friction
Memo
Tohoku University Aobayama Campus
Aobayama Cumpus
Graduate School Faculty of Science
6-3 Aoba Aramaki Aoba-ku SENDAI 980-8578
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
10 |
SpeakersTitles
February 18 Thursday
0930 - Kunio INOUE (GCOE program leader) ndash ldquoOpening addressrdquo (Main Lecture Hall)
Plenary Session
Chairmen H Tamura T Kawakatsu Y Hirayama Main Lecture Hall
0930 -1020 Indranil MAZUMDAR (Chairman H Tamura)
(Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research India)
ldquoHalo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fanordquo
1030 ndash 1120 Philippe MARCQ (Chairman T Kawakatsu)
(Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie Curie Institut Curie France)
ldquoMechanics of Stress Fibersrdquo
1130 ndash 1220 Young-Woo SON (Chairman Y Hirayama)
(Condensed Matter Physics KIAS Korea)
ldquoRelativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters ndash Graphene and othersrdquo
1230 ndash 1350 Lunch
Parallel Session A - Particle Nuclear Astro-physics Group
Chairman K Hikasa Room205
1350 ndash 1420 Masaki ASANO (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoGeneral WIMP search at International Linear Colliderrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Kazunori KOHRI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoPrimordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmologyrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masafumi KURACHI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoHiggsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breakingrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Parallel Session B ndash Condensed Matter Physics Group Nuclear Physics
Chairman R Saito Room203
1350 ndash 1420 Jinsung PARK (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University )
ldquoExciton effect of Raman resonance window of single wall carbon nanotubesrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Tatsuro YUGE (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoProperties of response function of nonequilibrium steady staterdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Hidekatsu NEMURA (Nuclear Theory Tohoku University)
ldquoHyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCDrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Parallel Session C ndash Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Chairman H Kozono Room204
1350 ndash 1420 Yoshihiro UEDA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoApplication of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem for damped wave equation
with non-convexityrdquo
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 11
1430 ndash 1500 Yuichi NOHARA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoToric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systemsrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Shota SATO (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoSingular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of a Semilinear Parabolic Equationrdquo
1550 ndash 1600 Coffee Break
Special Session
Chairman O Hashimoto Room203
1600 ndash 1630 Jie Meng
(Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
ldquoCovariant density functional theory for Nuclear structure and application in astrophysicsrdquo
1635 ndash 1705 Huaizhe Xu (Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University China)
ldquoControl of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism in ZnO based
DMSrdquo
Poster Session
Entrance hall of ldquoSogotohrdquo
1710 ndash 1830 80 Research assistants present their research
February 19 Friday
Plenary Session
Chairmen K Naoe R Miyaoka T Futamase Main Lecture Hall
0930 -1020 Jenann ISMAEL (Philosophy University of Arizona USA and University of Sydney
Australia) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoA Fresh Direction for Quantum Research What Might Entanglement Be Telling Usrdquo
1030 ndash 1120 Ryushi GOTO (Mathematics Osaka University Japan) (Chairman R Miyaoka)
ldquoCalabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structuresrdquo
1130 ndash 1220 Jean COUPON (Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France)
(Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoProbing the large scale structure in the Universe with CFHTLSrdquo
1230 ndash 1350 Lunch
Parallel Session A ndash Particle Nuclear Astro-physics Group
Chairmen H Tamura T Futamase Room205
1350 ndash 1420 Yoshiyuki ONUKI (Particle Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoMeasurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle angle phi3 at Belle experimentrdquo
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
12 |
1430 ndash 1500 Takeshi KOIKE (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoHypernuclear γ-ray spectroscopy at J-PARCrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masatoshi ITOH (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University) (Chairman H Tamura)
ldquoSearch for the alpha cluster condensed state in 16
0rdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University) (Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoA dipole anisotropy of galaxy distribution Does the CMB rest frame exist in the local universerdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Tomohiro YOSHIKAWA (Astronomy Tohoku University) (Chairman T Futamase)
ldquoMOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies at the Star-Forming Epoch of the Universerdquo
Parallel Session B ndash Condensed Matter Physics Group
Chairmen Y Kuramoto T Takahashi Room203
1350 ndash 1420 Ken-Ichiro IMURA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoFrom graphene to Z2 topological insulatorrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Katsuhiko SATO (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoShear-induced phase separation of complex fluidsrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Hojun IM (Condensed Matter Physics Hirosaki University) (Chairman Y Kuramoto)
ldquoCe 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum critical point
a resonant angle-resolved photoemission studyrdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Seigo SOUMA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Takahashi)
ldquoSpin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of Rashba effect on semi-metal surfacerdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Ryo NOUCHI (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Takahashi)
ldquoMetal-contact effect on graphenerdquo
Parallel Session C ndash Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Chairmen T Shioya K Naoe Room204
1350 ndash 1420 Masahiro FUTAKI (Mathematics The University of Tokyo) (Chairman T Shioya)
ldquoAround Homological Mirror Symmetryrdquo
1430 ndash 1500 Tatsuki KAWAKAMI (Mathematics Tohoku University) (Chairman T Shioya)
ldquoOn the heat equation in a half space with a nonlinear boundary conditionrdquo
1510 ndash 1540 Masahiko IGASHIRA (Philosophy Osaka University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoAn Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mindrdquo
1550 ndash 1610 Coffee Break
1610 ndash 1640 Masaru YONEHARA (Philosophy Tohoku University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoUtilitarianism and Rawlsrdquo
1650 ndash 1720 Shun SATO (Philosophy Tohoku University) (Chairman K Naoe)
ldquoHusserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience in Transcendental Phenomenologyrdquo
Collaborative Research Session A
Chairman K Inoue Room205
1730 ndash 1740 Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoResearch Center for Electron Photon Science (Laboratory of Nuclear Science) Development of an
electro-magnetic calorimter made up of ceramic PrLuAG scintillatorrdquo
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 13
1740 ndash 1750 Yuri SHIMIZU (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoStudy of geo neutrinos with KamLANDrdquo
1750 ndash 1800 Sumio YAMADA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoGeometric Analysis on Einstein Equationrdquo
Collaborative Research Session B
Chairman H Yamamoto Room203
1730 ndash 1740 Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
ldquoStudy of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed matter in gravitational wave
astronomyrdquo
1745 ndash 1755 Yosuke TAKUBO (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoDevelopment of Readout Board for FPCCD Detectorrdquo
Collaborative Research Session C
Chairman T Ogawa Room204
1730 ndash 1840 Katsuhiko SATO (Physics Tohoku University)
ldquoTheoretical formulation of morphology dynamics of membranes based on a combination of
mathematical models and differential geometryrdquo
1745 ndash 1755 Keita YOKOYAMA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
ldquoThe search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics from the logical and
philosophical point of viewrdquo
1820 ndash 2000 Banquet
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
14 |
Talks
Plenary Session
Talk-1 ldquoHalo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fanordquo
Indranil MAZUMDAR (Nuclear Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research India)
Talk-2 ldquoMechanics of Stress Fibersrdquo
Philippe MARCQ (Condensed Matter Physics PhysicoChimie Curie Institut Curie France)
Talk-3 ldquoRelativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters ndash Graphene and othersrdquo
Young-Woo SON (Physics KIAS Korea)
Talk-4 ldquoA Fresh Direction for Quantum Research What Might Entanglement Be Telling Usrdquo
Jenann ISMAEL (Philosophy University of Arizona USA and University of Sydney Australia)
Talk-5 ldquoCalabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structuresrdquo
Ryushi GOTO (Mathematics Osaka University Japan)
Talk-6 ldquoProbing the large scale structure in the Universe with CFHTLSrdquo
Jean COUPON (Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France)
Special Session
Talk-7 ldquoCovariant density functional theory for Nuclear structure and application in astrophysicsrdquo
Jie Meng (Nuclear Physics Beihang University China)
Talk-8 ldquoControl of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism in ZnO based DMS rdquo
Huaizhe Xu (Condensed Matter Physics Beihang University China)
Parallel Session A ndash ParticleNuclearAstoro- Physics Group
Talk-9 ldquoGeneral WIMP search at International Linear Colliderrdquo
Masaki ASANO (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-10 ldquoPrimordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmologyrdquo
Kazunori KOHRI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 15
Talk-11 ldquoHiggsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breakingrdquo
Masafumi KURACHI (Particle Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-12 ldquoMeasurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle angle phi3 at Belle
experimentrdquo
Yoshiyuki ONUKI (Particle Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-13 ldquoHypernuclear γ-ray spectroscopy at J-PARCrdquo
Takeshi KOIKE (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-14 ldquoSearch for the alpha cluster condensed state in 16
0rdquo
Masatoshi ITOH (Nuclear Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-15 ldquoA dipole anisotropy of galaxy distribution Does the CMB rest frame exist in the local
universerdquo
Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Talk-16 ldquoMOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies at the Star-Forming Epoch
of the Universerdquo
Tomohiro YOSHIKAWA (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Parallel Session B - Condensed Matter Group Nuclear Physics
Talk-17 ldquo Exciton effect of Raman resonance window of single wall carbon nanotubesrdquo
Jinsung PARK (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-18 ldquoProperties of response function of nonequilibrium steady staterdquo
Tatsuro YUGE (Condensed Matter Experiment Tohoku University)
Talk-19 ldquoHyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCDrdquo
Hidekatsu NEMURA (Nuclear Theory Tohoku University)
Talk-20 ldquo From graphene to Z2 topological insulatorrdquo
Ken-Ichiro IMURA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-21 ldquoShear-induced phase separation of complex fluidsrdquo
Katsuhiko SATO (Condensed Matter Theory Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
16 |
Talk-22 ldquoCe 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum critical point
a resonant angle-resolved photoemission studyrdquo
Hojun IM (Condensed Matter Physics Hirosaki University)
Talk-23 ldquoSpin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of Rashba effect on semi-metal surfacerdquo
Seigo SOUMA (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-24 ldquoMetal-contact effect on graphenerdquo
Ryo NOUCHI (Condensed Matter Physics Tohoku University)
Parallel Session C - Mathematics and Philosophy Group
Talk-25 ldquoApplication of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem for damped wave
equation with non-convexityrdquo
Yoshihiro UEDA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-26 ldquoToric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systemsrdquo
Yuichi NOHARA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-27 ldquoSingular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of a Semilinear Parabolic Equationrdquo
Shota SATO (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-28 ldquoAround Homological Mirror Symmetryrdquo
Masahiro FUTAKI (Mathematics the University of Tokyo)
Talk-29 ldquoOn the heat equation in a half space with a nonlinear boundary conditionrdquo
Tatsuki KAWAKAMI (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-30 ldquoAn Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mindrdquo
Masahiko IGASHIRA (Frontier Biosciences Osaka University)
Talk-31 ldquoUtilitarianism and Rawlsrdquo
Masaru YONEHARA (Philosophy Tohoku University)
Talk-32 ldquoHusserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience in Transcendental
Phenomenologyrdquo
Shun SATO (Philosophy Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 17
Parallel Session ndash Collaborative Research
Talk-33 ldquoDevelopment of an electro-magnetic calorimter made up of ceramic PrLuAG scintillatorrdquo
Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-34 ldquoStudy of geo neutrinos with KamLANDrdquo
Yuri SHIMIZU (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-35 ldquoGeometric Analysis on Einstein Equationrdquo
Sumio YAMADA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Talk-36 ldquoStudy of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed matter in gravitational
wave astronomyrdquo
Yousuke ITOH (Astronomy Tohoku University)
Talk-37 ldquoDevelopment of Readout Board for FPCCD Detectorrdquo
Yosuke TAKUBO (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-38 ldquoTheoretical formulation of morphology dynamics of membranes based on a combination of
mathematical models and differential geometryrdquo
Katsuhiko SATO (Physics Tohoku University)
Talk-39 ldquoThe search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics from the logical and
philosophical point of viewrdquo
Keita YOKOYAMA (Mathematics Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
18 |
Poster presentations PO no Title Name
1 Coherent control of excited states by multipulse photo excitation
Kenta Abe (Physics D2 Tohoku Univ)
2 de Haas ndashvan Alphen effect studies in the Antiferro-Quadrupolar ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3
Toshiyuki Isshiki (Physics D3 Tohoku Univ)
3 Measurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum in the Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHC
Takumi Ito (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
4 In situ NMR imaging of lithium- ion batteries during chargedischarge cycle
Yoshiki Iwai (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
5 Crack propagation in largely deformed rubber sheet
Daiki Endo (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
6 Optical response of photonic crystal with multi-layered structure
Rihei Endo (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
7 Pseudo-spin Kondo effect in a capacitively-coupled parallel double quantum dot
Yuma OKAZAKI (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
8 Spin and charge dynamics in a photo-excited double exchange system
Yu Kanamori (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
9 Observation of 8B Solar Neutrinos with KamLAND
Yoshiaki Kibe (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
10 z~3 LYMAN BREAK GALAXY CLUSTER SURVEY IN SSA22 WITH VIMOS
Katsuki Kousai (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
11 EELS and SXES studies of electronic structures of Al-TM alloys
Shogo Koshiya (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
12 Comparison of membrane physical property changes between DMPC membrane and DMPE membrane induced by melittin
Atsuji Kodama (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
13 Resonant x-ray scattering experiment on Pr(Ru1-xRhx)4P12
Kotaro Saito (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
14 Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
15 Pressure dependence of B-T phase diagram in heavy-fermion superconductor CeRhSi3
Tetsuya Sugawara (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
16 Neutral meson photoproduction with electromagnetic calorimeter complex FOREST
Koutaku Suzuki (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
17 Micro-photoluminescence around spin phase transition of ν=23 fractional quantum Hall regime
Jun-ichiro Hayakawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 19
18 Ionic conductivity of Trehalose-Water-Lithium iodide mixture in glass and supercooled liquid state
Reiji Takekawa (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
19 Progress of the new DAQ system for wide-band solar neutrino observation with KamLAND
Takemoto Yasuhiro (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
20 Double Chooz PMT preparation
TABATA Hiroshi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
21 Effects of lanthanoid ion on phosphate head groups in DMPC membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures
Kouya Tamatsukuri (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
22 Status of double beta decay experiment with KamLAND
Azusa Terashima (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
23 Simulations on Dynamics of Wormlike Micellar System Using Particle-Field Hybrid Models
Masatoshi Toda (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
24 Magneto-dielectric phenomena in charge ordered system with frustrated geometrical lattice
Makoto Naka (PhysicsD2 Tohoku University)
25 Pi-mesonic decays of Λ hypernuclei
Yoji Nakagawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
26 Axionic Mirage Mediation
Shuntaro Nakamura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
27 The Study of the Origin of Lyman alpha Emitters with Large Equivalent Widths
Yuki Nakamura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
28 Ultrafast broadband THz response of photo-induced metallic state in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF )2I3
Hideki Nakaya (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
29 Ring-Exchange interaction in Orbital Degenerate System
Joji Nasu (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
30 Shape Memory Effect Induced by Magnetic-Field Rotation in MnV2O4 Spinel Compound
Yoichi Nii (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
31 The ω meson photoproduction on the nucleon in the threshold region
Ryo HASHIMOTO (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
32 Prototype fast imaging detector for YN-scattering
Ryotaro Honda (Physics M1Tohoku University)
33 Ground state phase diagram of graphene in a high Landau level A density matrix renormalization group study
Tatsuya Higashi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
34 Investigation of the n (K0) reaction near the threshold
KFutatsukawa (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
35 Traffic flow of two lanes with a bottleneck
Sho Furuhashi (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
20 |
36 Staggered Order with Kondo and Crystalline Field Singlets in f2 System
Shintaro Hoshino (Physics D1Tohoku University)
37 Proton elastic scattering of 9C at 290 MeV
Yohei Matsuda (Physics Assistant professor Tohoku University)
38 High Resolution and High Statistics Λ Hypernuclear Spectroscopy by the (eersquoK+) Reaction
Akihiko Matsumura (Physics D3 Tohoku University)
39 External Gamma-ray Backgrounds of the KamLAND Detector
Yukie Minekawa (Physics D2 Tohoku University)
40 Higgs Triplet Model
Yusuke Motoki (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
41 Electron diffraction study of the low temperature phase of Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16
Daisuke Morikawa (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
42 Light scattering by collective excitation of phonon in quantum paraelectrics
Ryuta Takano (Physics D1 Tohoku University)
43 Formation of the Milky Way Based on the Analysis of Kinematics and Chemical Abundance of the Outer Halo Stars
Miho Ishigaki (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
44 Searching for Luminous Core-Collapsed Supernovae in a High-z Proto-Cluster
Nana Morimoto (Astronomy D1 Tohoku University)
45 A Study of Light Curves from Rapidly Rotating Neutron Stars
Kazutoshi Numata (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
46 CMB Bispectrum from the Second-Order Cosmological Perturbations
Daisuke Nitta (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
47 General Properties of Non-Radial Pulsations
Aprilia (Astronomy D3 Tohoku University)
48 A Study on Mathematical Fuzzy Logic
Ahmad Termimi Bin Ab Ghani (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
49 Some space-time integrability estimates of the solution for heat equations in two dimension
Norisuke Ioku ( Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
50 Well-posedness for Navier-Stokes equations in modulation spaces with negative derivative indices
Tsukasa Iwabuchi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
51 The soul conjecture for Riemannian orbifolds
Naoki Oishi ( Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
52 A new approach to the existence of harmonic maps
Toshiaki Omori (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
53 Stability of the interface of a Hele-Shaw flow with two injection points
Michiaki Onodera (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 21
54 THE ISOMORPHISM BETWEEN MOTIVIC COHOMOLOGY ANDK-GROUPS FOR
EQUI-CHARACTERISTIC REGULAR LOCAL RINGS
Yuki Kato (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
55 Bifurcations in semilinear elliptic equations on thin domains
Toru Kan (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
56 ON THE CURVATURE OF THE PSEUDO-VOLUME FORM DEFINING THE CARATH_EODORY
MEASURE HYPERBOLICITY
Shin Kikuta (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
57 Goumldels Incompleteness Theorem Recursively Axiomatizable Theories and Medvedev Degrees of Unsolvability
Takayuki Kihara (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
58 Hypergeometric series on a p-adic field
Kensaku Kinjo (Mathematics D2 Tohoku Univercity)
59 On Hasse principle of purely transcendental extension field in one variable
Makoto Sakagaito (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
60 Large time behavior of solutions for system of nonlinear damped wave equations
Hiroshi Takeda (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
61 Non-abelian generalization of Iwasawa theory
Kazuaki Tajima (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
62 The quadratic subextension of the class field of a real quadratic field
Toshihide Doi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
63 Pattern formation by receptor-based models for regeneration experiments on Hydra
Madoka Nakayama (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
64 The computational methods of canonical heights on elliptic curve
Tadahisa Nara (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
65 Spatial branching process in random environment
Nishimori Yasuhito (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
66 On a periodic decomposition of meromorphic functions
Takanao Negishi (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
67 Difficulties of solving problems
Kojiro Higuchi (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
68 Undecidability and weak theory of concatenation
Yoshihiro Horihata (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
69 Daviesrsquo Conjecture for Pseudo-Schroumldinger Operators and its Applications to Penalization Problem
Masakuni Matsuura (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
70 TORSION POINTS OF ABELIAN VARIETIES WITH VALUES IN INFINITE EXTENSION FIELDS
Yuken Miyasaka (Mathematics D1 Tohoku University)
71 Maximum principle for a biological model related to the motion of amoebae
Harunori Monobe (Mathematics D2 Tohoku University)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
22 |
72 Asymptotic behavior of solutions to the drift-diffusion equation in the whole spaces
Masakazu Yamamoto (Mathematics D3 Tohoku University)
73 A study of the idea of systematic knowledge
On the relation between nature and spirit in the organizational view of nature
Fukuko Abe (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
74 Medical technology and surrogate decision-making
Haruka Hikasa (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
75 Humersquos empiricism and the experimental method of reasoning
Hiromichi Sugawara (Philosophy D1 Tohoku University)
76 Epistemic deference and transmission of knowledge
How should we (non-scientists) acquire warranted beliefs about scientific propositions
Mariko Nihei (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
77 The Finiteness of Human Beings and the Role of Technology
Ryozo Suzuki (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
78 What is ethically problematic in Biogenetics
Takuma Obara (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
79 The ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude
Tetsurou Yamashita (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
80 Risk uncertainty and the precautionary principle How to deal with scientific uncertainty
Yasuhiko Fujio (Philosophy D3 Tohoku University)
81 The mechanism of suppressed dynamical friction in a constant density core of dwarf galaxies
Shigeki Inoue (Astronomy D2 Tohoku University)
82
83
84
85
86
87
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 23
Abstracts of Talks
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
24 |
Plenary Session
Talk-1
Halo World The Story according to Faddeev Efimov and Fano
Indranil Mazumdar
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai 400 005 India
Abstract
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 25
Talk-02
Mechanics of stress fibers
Abstract
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
26 |
Talk-03
Relativistic Dirac Electrons in Condensed Matters - Graphene
and others
Young-Woo Son
Korea Institute for Advanced Study
Abstract
Over the last thirty years researchers from various disciplines have interested in the physical properties of
carbon allotropes Half a decade ago a new carbon crystal called graphene was isolated Graphene a hexagonal
lattice of carbon atoms in the two-dimension is a condensed matter realization of the relativistic two-dimensional
Dirac equation After the successful isolations graphene has shown a cornucopia of interesting new physical
phenomena with an exponentially increasing literature The subtle interplays between electronic magnetic optical
geometrical and chemical properties in graphene have offered knotty riddles in various experiments as well as
various theoretical predictions to be verified Beyond its pure scientific thrusts there have been interests in radical
alternatives made of graphene to the conventional electronic devices In this talk I will discuss my recent works as
well as recent progress made in this exciting and fast moving field
Talk-04
Fresh Directions for Quantum Research
What Might Entanglement Be Telling Us
Jenann Ismael
University of Arizona University of Sydney
Abstract
Following a suggestion of David Bohmrsquos I will explore the possibility that phenomena associated with
entanglement and complementarity in quantum mechanics intimate a fundamentally non-spatiotemporal ordering to
reality
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 27
Talk-05
Calabi-Yau structures and Einstein-Sasaki structures
Ryushi Goto
Osaka University
Abstract
The problem of constructing complete Ricci-flat Einstein manifolds is important for both Physicists and
geometers When the manifolds are compact and Kahler the problem is completely answered by Calabi and Yau
While it is mysterious and difficult for non-compact Kahler manifolds In this talk I will discuss a construction of
Ricci-flat metrics on a class of non-compact Kahler manifolds whose boundary are the cone of the Einstein-Sasaki
manifolds Einstein-Sasaki manifolds are the odd dimensional Einstein manifolds and recently new examples of
irregulat Einstein-Sasaki manifolds are discovered I will show that all resolution of the cone of Einstein-Sasaki
manifolds admit complete Ricci-flat Kahler metrics in every Kahler class by solving the Monge-Ampere equation
Many examples of Ricci-flat Kahler metrics arise as the resolution of the cone
Talk-06
Probing the Large Scale Structure in the Universe with the CFHTLS
Jean Coupon
Astronomy Institut drsquoAstrophysique de Paris France Tohoku University
Abstract
This talk focuses on the present and ongoing results of the Canada-France-Hawaii Legacy Survey (CFHTLS)
Recent progresses in observational cosmology have put tight constraints on the Standard Cosmological Model but
Dark Matter and Dark Energy remain the main unsolved questions By measuring the matter power spectrum in the
Universe one is able to study the properties and evolution of the Dark content I will present two complementary
methods among the most powerful ones to explore the large scale structure in the Universe First is the probe of the
total amount of matter through weak gravitational lensing (cosmic shear) and second is the study of galaxy
clustering in the framework of the Dark Matter halo model In addition considering that photometric redshifts are
solely capable to be measured for millions of galaxies I will demonstrate why they are essential to modern
cosmology and how to estimate precise values I will explain why the CFHTLS is best suited for these kinds of
analysis and I will show the most recent results Although cosmic shear probes are a very promising tool I will
explain why it is also challenging In particular I will emphasize some of the problems faced by observers
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
28 |
Special Session
Talk-07
COVARIANT DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY FOR NUCLEAR
STRUCTURE AND APPLICATION IN ASTROPHYSICS
J Meng
School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering Beihang University
Beijing 100191 China
The covariant density functional theory (DFT) with a minimal number of parameters allows a very successful
phenomenological description of ground state properties of nuclei all over the periodic table Recent progresses on
the application of the covariant density functional theory as well as its extensions by the group in Beijing for a
series of interests and hot topics in nuclear astrophysics and nuclear structure are reviewed including the rapid
neutron-capture process ThU chronometer halo and giant halo in density dependent relativistic
Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov and neutron halo in deformed nuclei
Talk-08
Control of Magnetic Property and Magnetic Coupling Mechanism
in ZnO based DMS
Huaizhe Xu
Department of Physics Beihang University Beijing 100191 P R China
Diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) have attracted growing interest because of their rich physics and
potential for new device applications in the field of spintronics However a basic requirement for practical
applications of ferromagnetic DMS is the achievement of Curie temperatures TC well exceeding room temperature
Based on the mean field theory Dietl et al had predicted that transition-metal doped ZnO might be one of the most
prospective candidates for realizing room-temperature DMS which had stimulated a great of interesting on the
ZnO based DMS However as the evidences for both intrinsic and the extrinsic ferromagnetism of Zn1-xCoxO have
been experimentally observed the origin of the ferromagnetism was in intensive dispute In order to clear the
confusions on the structure and the ferromagnetic origin of Zn1-xCoxO we have systemically investigated the
structure and the ferromagnetism of the Zn1-xCoxO nanocrystals Our experimental results indicate that
bull The Co doping concentration in ZnO nanocrystals is only 5 The Co distribution in the nanocrystals is
inhomogeneous for the self-purification mechanism
bull The ferromagnetism of Zn095Co005O has great variations via different post-annealing treatment (O2 Ar
and H2 respectively)The variations of ferromagnetism owing to increase of Vorsquos and the formation of
Co-H-Co stable structures
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 29
bull P-type doping can improve the magnetic coupling between Co ions which is supported by the BMPs
model
bull The inhomogeneous distribution of TM may be the main reason of the current controversy in experimental
results on many of the highly crystallized DMS It should be seriously taken into account in future DMSs
study
Reference
[1] Jianjun Li Weichang Hao Huaizhe Xu et al Journal of Applied Physics 2009 106 063915
[2] Jianjun Li Weichang Hao Huaizhe Xu et al Journal of Applied Physics 2009 105 053907
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
30 |
Parallel Session A (ParticleAstronomy)
Talk-09
General WIMP search at International Linear Collider
Masaki Asano
Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Existence of dark matter in our universe has already been established by recent cosmological observation such
as the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe experiment The most plausible candidate for dark matter is a
Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) Models of the physics beyond the standard model contain a
candidate for WIMP dark matter other new particles (eg charged heavy particle X^-) and new vertices (eg
(WIMP X^- W^+)) We study the process e^+ e^- X^+ X^- WIMP W+ WIMP W^- in order to distinguish
the dark matter nature in the International Linear Collider (ILC) From the study of this process new particle
masses and parameters can be determined very accurately In particular angular distributions are the powerful
probe to investigate the spin of new particles In this study we consider candidates for WIMPs in the
supersymmetric model the little Higgs model and the inert doublet model We investigate the sensitivity of the
measurements to dark matter nature at the ILC based on a realistic Monte Carlo simulation
Talk-10
Primordial nucleosynthesis and recent topics in particle cosmology
Kazunori Kohri
Physics Assistant Tohoku University
Abstract
When we study phenomena occurred at the beginning of the Universe we have to have a birds-eye nature-view for
the hierarchy of physics and employ all connected fields in physics such as particle physics nuclear physics
general relativity astrophysics and cosmology Thus the GCOE program in Tohoku University should be perfect for
us to accomplish this purpose
So far we have confirmed that the standard big-bang cosmology can describe the Universe correctly as far back as
the cosmic time is one second at which big-bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) starts because theoretical predictions of
light element abundances in BBN completely agree with observations Therefore that epoch is the earliest one
after which we understand the Universe by using theoretical physics
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 31
On the other hand in modern particle physics beyond the standard model variety of new phenomena are predicted
in earlier epochs We can check if those new theories are consistent with observations by comparing light element
abundances predicted in each theory with observational data since these new theories easily affect the light element
abundances Thus BBN can verify those hypothetical theories and probe the earlier Universe
In this talk I would like to discuss recent topics in particle cosmology which relates with verifications of new
theories such as supersymmety (SUSY)
Talk-11
Higgsless Models for the Electroweak Symmetry Breaking
Masafumi Kurachi
Physics Assistant Professor Tohoku University
Abstract
It is known that masses of elementary particles are explained by the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the
electroweak symmetry however the origin of the electroweak symmetry breaking has not been identified so far In
the Standard Model of the elementary particles the spontaneous electroweak symmetry breaking is achieved by
introducing an as yet undiscovered scalar particle (Higgs particle) and letting them have the vacuum expectation
value It is true that the Standard Model with Higgs particle is consistent with numerous numbers of experiments
which have been done so far however Higgs sector of the Standard Model itself has several theoretical problems
One of the most serious problem is the hierarchy problem which originates from the fact that the mass of the scalar
particle is not protected by the symmetry in the Standard Model Because of this many models beyondalternative
to the Standard Model has been proposed In this talk Id like to introduce a Higgsless model as an example of such
models which tries to cure the problem in the Standard Model In the Higgsless model because the Higgs particle is
removed from the Standard Model there is no hierarchy problem from the beginning As a possible new particle
which appears at a TeV scale vector meson is introduced in the model I will explain how to write down the
Lagrangian which describe this situation namely Standard Model - Higgs + vector resonance
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
32 |
Talk-12
Measurements of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitary triangle
angle phi3 at Belle experiment
Yoshiyuki Onuki
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Within the standard model CP violation arises due to a single phase in Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM)
quark mixing matrix Precise measurements of CKM matrix parameters therefore constrain the standard model
and may reveal new source of CP violation Various methods have been proposed to determine the unitarity triangle
angle phi3 of the CKM matrix with B-gtDX decay modes where X represents one or more light mesons In this talk
current experimental status and future prospects of phi3 measurements at Belle experiment will be summarized
Talk-13
Hypernuclear g-ray spectroscopy at J-PARC
Takeshi Koike
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
Ordinary matter around us is made of at a subatomic level protons and neutrons However inside of a neutron star
there is a possibility that a matter made of strange particles as well exists These strange particles are called as
hyperons which distinguish themselves from protons and neutrons in having a strange quark or a strange quantum
number A nucleus with a hyperon(s) is then called a hypernucleus Studies of hypernucleus provide us with more
general and unified understanding of nuclear force which is one of the four fundamental forces of nature know to
mankind
Hypernuclei on Earth have artificially been created using particle beams provided by accelerators and been
actively studied experimentally The ongoing experimental efforts have entered a new phase with a commissioning
of an intense proton accelerator J-PARC in Tokai Japan since 2009 One of the main experiments that is planed
and prepared at the J-PARC facility is an ultra precise investigation of structures of various hypenuclei via the
gamma-ray spectroscopy using an array of high purity Germanium detector named as Hyperball-J
In this presentation the present status of Hyperball-J now being constructed will be reported as well as main
physics themes that the experiment strives to reveal
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 33
Talk-14
Search for the alpha condensed state in 16
O
Masatoshi Itoh
Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
34 |
Talk-15
A Dipole Anisotropy of Galaxy Distribution
Does the CMB Rest Frame Exist in the Local Universe
Yousuke Itoh
Astronomy Tohoku University
Abstract
The peculiar motion of the Earth causes a dipole anisotropy modulation in the distant galaxy distribution due to
the aberration effect However the amplitude and angular direction of the effect is not necessarily the same as those
of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) dipole anisotropy due to the growth of cosmic structures In other
words exploring the aberration effect may give us a clue to the horizon-scale physics perhaps related to the cosmic
acceleration In this paper we develop a method to explore the dipole angular modulation from the pixelized galaxy
data on the sky properly taking into account the covariances due to the shot noise and the intrinsic galaxy clustering
contamination as well as the partial sky coverage We applied the method to the galaxy catalogs constructed from
the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 6 data After constructing the four galaxy catalogs that are
different in the ranges of magnitudes and photometric redshifts we found that the two samples of fainter
magnitudes indicate a non-zero dipole anisotropy with amplitudes greater than that of the CMB dipole by a factor
10 and in the angular direction consistent with the CMB direction although the dipole signal is weaker for the other
two samples and is found sensitive to an inclusion of the Southern Galactic Hemisphere region The indicated
bulk-flow amplitude is also not inconsistent with the result implied from a stacked analysis of the kinetic
Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect of X-ray luminous clusters in Kashlinsky et al (20082009) Finally we argue that an
almost full-sky galaxy survey such as LSST may allow for a significant detection of the aberration effect of the
CMB dipole having the precision of constraining the angular direction to ~ 20 degrees in radius
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 35
Talk-16
MOIRCS Deep Survey Near-Infrared Observations of Galaxies
at the Star-Forming Epoch of the Universe
Tomohiro Yoshikawa
Astronomy Tohoku University
Abstract
Recent studies revealed that a significant fraction of stars in the present-day galaxies were formed when the age
of the universe was about a half of the present about a half of the stellar mass in the present universe is formed
during the several Gyrs In order to understand the buildup of stellar mass in galaxies at this epoch it is crucial to
examine the relationship of star formation rate (SFR) to stellar mass However fluxes from distant universe are
redshifted due to the expansion of the universe so that optical fluxes in rest-frame which provide stellar masses
and SFRs of galaxies are redshifted to near-infrared wavelengths
In this talk we present the results of near-infrared multi-object spectroscopic observations for 37 star-forming
galaxies at the high-redshift universe The observations are conducted with Multi-Object InfraRed Camera and
Spectrograph (MOIRCS) on the Subaru Telescope The sample is drawn from the Ks-band (22μm) selected
catalog of the MOIRCS Deep Survey (MODS) in the GOODS-N region To preferentially select actively
star-forming galaxies we put higher priority on the galaxies identified in the publicly available 24μm-source
catalog of the Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer (MIPS)
Hα emission lines were detected from 23 galaxies of which the median redshift is 212 We derived the SFRs
from extinction-corrected Hα luminosities and compared them with stellar masses estimated by SED fitting using
multi-band photometric data covering across UV and near-infrared wavelengths The comparison shows no
correlation between SFR and stellar mass Some galaxies with stellar mass smaller than ~1010
M show SFR
higher than ~100 M yr-1
The specific SFRs (SFR per unit stellar mass SSFRs) of these galaxies are remarkably
high galaxies which have SSFR higher than ~10-8
yr-1
are found in 8 of the present sample The large SFR
implies the possibility that the high SSFR galaxies significantly contribute to the cosmic SFR density of the
universe at z~2 We discuss the star-forming properties of the high SSFR galaxies
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
36 |
Parallel Session B (Condensed MatterNuclear)
Talk-17
Exciton effect of the Raman resonance window of
single wall carbon nanotubes
Jin Sung Park
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
In the Raman excitation profile (RRP) that is Raman intensity as functions of excitation energy an important
parameter for evaluating the population of SWNTs is the Raman resonance window which is defined by an
energy full width at half maximum in the RRP In quantum mechanics is obtained by the uncertainty relation for
the lifetime of the exciton A dominant origin of the lifetime of the exciton in the Raman scattering process is an
inelastic scattering by emitting or absorbing phonons In the previous paper we have calculated the carrier lifetime
by considering electron-phonon interaction and the Fermi golden rule [1] In the case of semicondcuting (S-)
SWNT the calculated values are in a good agreement with the experiment However some deviation between
calculation and experiment appears in a different way for type I and II S-SWNTs in which type I and II S-SWNTs
are defined respectively by [mod(2n+m3)=1] and [mod(2n+m3)=2] for a (nm) SWNT In fact the experimental
values for the type I S-SWNTs are smaller than the calculated ones while those for the type II S-SWNTs are larger
than the calculated one A possible reason for this deviation might come from the exciton effect which we did not
consider in the previous calculation For improving the deviation we calculate the value by considering
exciton-phonon interaction The exciton-phonon matrix element for the electron scattering process can be obtained
by the electron-phonon matrix element weighted by the exciton wave function coefficient [2] which depends on the
chiral angle and diameter In the previous calculation [2] we use a simple tight binding wavefunction for
exciton-phonon interaction but recently the exciton-phonon interaction is calculated by extended tight binding
method We will report the new calculated values and compare with the recent precise measurement by single
nanotube spectroscopy
Reference
1) J S Park et al Phys Rev B 74 165414 (2006)
2) J Jiang et al Phys Rev B 75 035405 (2007)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 37
Talk-18
Properties of response function of nonequilibrium steady state
Tatsuro YUGE
IIAIR Tohoku University
Abstract
Response to an external probe provides various information of a system and is one of the most important
characterizations of it In this talk we consider general properties of linear response functions of nonequilibrium
steady states We derive a microscopic expression of a linear response function for a deterministic model which
covers a wide range of nonequilibrium systems Using the expression we show sum rules and asymptotic behaviors
of it We demonstrate the properties by a molecular dynamics simulation of a numerical model We also discuss the
validity of the properties in a stochastic model
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
38 |
Talk-19
Hyperon-nucleon interactions from lattice QCD
Hidekatsu Nemura
Department of Physics Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 39
Talk-20
From graphene to Z2 topological insulator
Ken-Ichiro Imura
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Abstract
A topological insulator has a remarkable property of being metallic on the surface albeit insulating in the bulk
Recently much focus is on a specific type of topological insulators which is said to be Z2-nontrivial and realized as
a consequence of interplay between spin-orbit coupling and a band structure with effective relativistic dispersion
(electrons satisfy a Dirac equation) Such systems are invariant under time reversal and shows Kramers degeneracy
Graphene is a two-dimensional (2D) implementation of such Dirac electron system which also realizes a
prototype [1] of Z2 topological insulator in the presence of intrinsic and extrinsic (Rashba) spin-orbit interactions
Recently we were able characterize specific localization properties of this system in the presence of weak disorder
and under doping [2] We have shown in particular that localization symmetry class is determined by the parity of
the total number Ns of ldquoactivatedrdquo effective spins in the system Our diagnosis provides a contemporary version of
the weak localization theory
The correspondence between the physics of bulk and of the edge highlights the physics of a topological insulator
[3] To demonstrate we make a close comparison between the continuum Dirac theory and the square lattice
tight-binding model [4] for a Z2-topological insulator in 2D It is naturally shown that not only explicit but also
hidden Dirac cones in the high-energy spectrum contribute to and ensure the integral quantization of spin Hall
conductance The nature of gapless edge modes in the lattice model under different (straight vs zigzag) boundary
conditions is extensively studied We demonstrate that the edge modes of a Z2-topological insulator are susceptible
of various finite size effects in comparison with chiral edge modes of quantum Hall insulator By comparing the
behavior of gapless edge modes in real and momentum spaces we show that localizability of edge mode is
intricately related to level crossings due to projection of 2D bulk spectrum onto the 1D edge
[1] CL Kane and EJ Mele Phys Rev Lett 95 146802 (2005) ibid 226801
[2] K-I Imura Y Kuramoto and K Nomura arXiv09041676 Europhys Lett in press arXiv09075051 Phys
Rev B 80 085119 (2009)
[3] K-I Imura A Yamakage A Hotta and Y Kuramoto in preparation
[4] BA Bernevig TL Hughes and S-C Zhang Science 314 1757 (2006)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
40 |
Talk-21
Shearinduced phase separation of complex fluids
Katsuhiko Sato1)
Xue-Feng Yuan2)
and Toshihiro Kawakatsu1)
1)
Department of Physics Tohoku University Japan 2)
School of Chemical Engineering and
Analytical Science University of Manchester UK
Abstract
It is well known that complex fluids such as wormlike micellar solutions exhibit shear-induced phase separations
called shear banding [1] In such a situation the system spatially separates into two regions having high and
low shear rate values with a common shear stress The phenomenon has fascinated many investigators and has been
aggressively investigated both experimentally and theoretically
One of the most striking features of that phenomenon is that its behaviors are quite similar to those of
thermodynamic phase transitions such as liquid-vapor phase transitions despite that it is a non-equilibrium
phenomenon Examples of the similarities are (i) the appearance of a shear stress plateau in the stress-strain rate
curve (note the similarity with isotherms in the p-V plane in the liquid-vapor transition system) (ii) the
independence of the plateau value on the flow history and (iii) the existence of metastable states Although the
analogy between shear banding and thermodynamic phase transitions have been pointed out by many investigators
almost no solid theoretical explanation for these similarities has been presented up to now
Recently we have succeeded in solving this problem [2] ie we have answered to the question ldquoWhy does shear
banding behave like first order phase transitionsrdquo or ldquoCan we describe shear banding in terms of a potential just
like in the case of thermodynamic phase transitionsrdquo Starting from a mechanical constitutive model describing
shear banding which does not have any explicit thermodynamic potential we derive a quantity corresponding to
thermodynamic potentials by applying a reduction method based on the center manifold theory [3] to the governing
equation of the model The reduction method we have taken there is a general one so we can apply this method to
other constitutive models describing shear banding and there is a possibility that we reach some universality In this
talk we provide a brief review on shear banding and explain the details of our theoretical work
[1] H Rehage H Hoffmann Mol Phys 74 933 (1991)
[2] K Sato X-F Yuan T Kawakatsu Eur Phys J E in press
[3] H Mori Y Kuramoto Dissipative Structures and Chaos (Springer-Verlag Berlin 1998)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 41
Talk-22
Ce 4f electronic structure of heavy-fermion systems across quantum
critical point a resonant angle-resolved photoemission study
Hojun IM Department of Advanced Physics Hirosaki Univerisy
Abstract
We report the systematic angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) studies of Ce-based heavy fermion compounds
CeNi1-xCoxGe2 whose ground states are change from antiferromagnetic to non-magnetic heavy fermion via
quantum critical point (QCP) Recently it was clearly observed that the Kondo resonance (KR) peaks (Ce 4f1 state)
are dispersed from above the Fermi-level (EF) and cross EF forming the diamond-shaped Fermi-surface (FS) in
non-magnetic heavy-fermion system CeCoGe08Si12 [1] The systematic Ce 4d-4f resonant ARPES studies of
CeNi1-xCoxGe2 reveal that such momentum-dependence of KR peaks exists across QCP indicating the itinerant
character of f-electrons in agreement with the results of angle-integrated photoelectron spectroscopy [2]
References
[1] H J Im et al Phys Rev Lett 100 176402 (2008)
[2] H J Im et al Phys Rev B 72 220405 (2005)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
42 |
Talk-23
Spin-resolved ultrahigh-resolution ARPES study of
Rashba effect on semi-metal surface
Seigo Souma
WPI-AIMR Tohoku University
Abstract
Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is known as a powerful technique to investigate the fine
electronic structure relevant to the intriguing physical phenomena in solids such as superconductivity heavy
fermions metal-insulator transition and so on This technique yet has suffered from two inherent problems
originating in the principle of PES itself namely (1) the high surface sensitivity and (2) the difficulty in resolving
the spin polarization of electrons To overcome those problems we have constructed an ultrahigh resolution
photoemission spectrometer equipped with a newly developed xenon-plasma discharge lamp and a mini-Mott
detector The xenon-plasma discharge lamp provides several intense resonance lines from xenon plasma in the
energy range of 8-11 eV which is enough to achieve high bulk-sensitivity Combined with a large hemispherical
energy analyzer and a spherical concaved grating we achieved high energy resolution less than 1 meV as a total
system in the spin-integrated mode We also have developed a compact Mott spin detector operating at 25 kV and
adapted it to the large hemispherical electron energy analyzer through an electron deflector lens We have
redesigned the analyzer and mounted the entrance of the deflector lens at a location close to the f40mm
microchannel plate (MCP) This enables the observation of electron energy and momentum by the MCP with
comparable quality to modern electron analyzers simultaneously to the electron spin measurement by the Mott
detector
In this talk we present spin-resolved ARPES experiments on group-V semimetal surfaces By using merit of
the newly developed photoemission spectrometer we clearly observed spin-splitting of energy band caused by
strong spin-orbit interaction enhanced in surface state (surface Rashba effect) which would be an essential
ingredients to design a new functional spintronics devices
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 43
Talk-24
Metal-contact effect on graphene
Ryo Nouchi
WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University
Abstract
Graphene one-atom-thick carbon sheet with a honeycomb structure have been attracting incredible attention for
its unique physical properties [1] This material shows an extraordinary high charge carrier mobility of higher than
200000 cm2 V
-1 s
-1 [2] and is considered to be a major candidate for a future high-speed transistor material In
addition graphene has shown its ability to transport charge carriers with spin conservation even at room
temperature and is regarded as a pivotal material for spintronics applications [3] In order to construct electronic
devices such as field-effect transistors (FETs) metallic materials should make a contact with the graphene layers as
is schematically shown in Fig 1 Resultant graphene-metal contacts are considered to affect device properties in a
similar way that metal-semiconductor interfaces govern the operation of conventional electronic devices through
formation of Schottkyohmic contacts In the case of metal-graphene interfaces carriers are expected to be doped
from the metal [4] and a pinning of the potential of graphene was found to occur at the contacts [5]
In this talk experimental investigations by means of a FET structure are presented Figure 2 displays typical
transfer (drain current versus gate voltage) characteristics of a graphene FET The gate voltage with a minimum
drain current can be indicative of carrier doping from the electrodes The overall shape of the characteristics
enables us to examine the potential pinning effect a simple simulation shows that distorted characteristics observed
with ferromagnetic contacts [6] is attributable to the absence of the potential pinning
[1] A H Castro Neto F Guinea N M R Peres K S Novoselov and A K Geim Rev Mod Phys 81 109
(2009)
[2] K I Bolotin K J Sikes Z Jiang M Klima G Fudenberg J Hone P Kim and H L Stormer Solid State
Comm 146 351 (2008)
[3] M Ohishi M Shiraishi R Nouchi T Nozaki T Shinjo and Y Suzuki Jpn J Appl Phys 46 L605 (2007)
[4] G Giovannetti P A Khomyakov G Brocks V M Karpan J van den Brink and P J Kelly Phys Rev Lett
101 026803 (2008)
[5] E J H Lee K Balasubramanian R T Weitz M Burghard and K Kern Nat nanotechnol 3 486 (2008)
[6] R Nouchi M Shiraishi and Y Suzuki Appl Phys Lett 93 152104 (2008)
Fig1 Schematic diagram of a graphene FET
SiO2
Highly-doped Si
Gate Voltage
Drain current
Drain voltage
A
Graphene
Metal contact
Fig2 Typical transfer characteristics
of a graphene FET
100806040200
Dra
in c
urr
ent (
mA
)
-40 0 40Gate voltage (V)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
44 |
Parallel Session C (MathematicsPhilosophy)
Talk-25
Application of the anti-derivative method to the half space problem
for damped wave equation with non-convexity
Yoshihiro Ueda
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
We consider the initial-boundary value problem for damped wave equations with a nonlinear convection term in
the half line In the case where the flux is convex it is shown that the solution tends to the corresponding stationary
wave In this talk we show that even for a quite wide class of flux functions which are not necessarily convex such
the stationary wave is asymptotically stable The proof is given by a technical $L^2$-weighted energy method and
an anti-derivative method
Talk-26
Toric degeneration of Gelfand-Cetlin systems
Yuichi Nohara
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
A completely integrable system on a symplectic manifold of dimension 2n is a set of n functions which are
functionally independent and Poisson commuting A typical example is a moment map of a torus action on a toric
variety A completely integrable system gives a structure of foliation by Lagrangian submanifolds and this plays
an important role in mirror symmetry which is a duality in string theory (mathematically it is formulated as a duality
between symplectic geometry and complex geometry) For example mirror partners of toric varieties can be
constructed by using the moment maps
The Gelfand-Cetlin system is a completely integrable system on a complex flag manifold It is known that the flag
manifold has a degeneration into a (singular) toric variety We show that the Glefand-Cetlin system can be deformed
into a moment map of a torus action on the toric variety We also discuss some applications This talk is based on a
joint work with T Nishinou and K Ueda
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 45
Talk-27
Singular Backward Self-Similar Solutions of
a Semilinear Parabolic Equation
Shota Sato
Mathematics Tohoku University
Abstract
We study the Cauchy problem for a semilinear parabolic equation Our concern is the existence of a singular
solution whose singularity becomes anomalous in finite time First we study the structure of singular radial
solutions for an equation derived by backward self-similar variables Using this we obtain a singular backward
self-similar solution whose singularity becomes stronger or weaker than that of a singular steady state This talk is a
joint work with E Yanagida
Talk-28
Around Homological Mirror Symmetry
Masahiro Futaki
Mathematics University of Tokyo
Abstract
Homological Mirror Symmetry (HMS for short) is a duality between complex and symplectic geometries
originally found by Maxim Kontsevich in 1994 In this talk we introduce a variant of HMS in the context of mirror
symmetry between Fano variety and Laudau-Ginzburg model and investigate some examples
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
46 |
Talk-29
On the heat equation in a half space with
a nonlinear boundary condition
Tatsuki Kawakami
Mathematics Tohoku University
Talk-30
An Approach to Experimental Philosophy of Mind
Masahiko Igashira
Frontier Biosciences Osaka University
Abstract
At Osaka University we attempt to establish an interdisciplinary research area titled Cognitive Neuroscience
Robotics by closely integrating research on robotics cognitive science and neuroscience while aiming at the
creation of a new paradigm for understanding the human being and the realization of new interfaces for relieving
brain overload in the usage of highly-complicated IRT systems
In this program philosophers are engaged in the following two themes Firstly to suggest efficient methods for
creating a new paradigm from the view point of a philosophy of science while at the same time refining existing
theories within philosophy of science by examining whether these theories sufficiently contribute to our
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 47
understanding of the generating processes of new research areas Secondly philosophers approach the question of
whether the robot which can hardly be distinguished from real humans which might be produced in the future of
Cognitive Neuroscience Robotics should be recognized as having a MIND or RIGHTS
In this presentation basic conceptions and activities with regard to the second question will be discussed
Furthermore a method for approaching the complex problem of how to understand the MIND in the physical
world will be developed
Talk-31
Utilitarianism and Rawls
Masaru Yonehara
Philosophy Tohoku University
Abstract
John Rawls one of the most important political philosophers of the 20th century is a critic of utilitarianism In
utilitarianism an action is right if and only if it brings about the greatest balance of happiness over unhappiness for
everyone affected by the action otherwise it is wrong Rawls asserts that if slavery or some other system of
extreme social and economic inequalities can produce a greater balance of happiness over unhappiness than any
alternative utilitarianism condones or even commands these institutions which we normally consider quite unjust
According to Rawls his ldquotwo principles of justicerdquo condemn these unjust institutions However this criticism
against utilitarianism is incorrect And I argue that Rawlsrsquos theory has a fatal flaw his theory cannot provide good
reasons why immoral actions against the disabled are impermissible Hence the purpose of my presentation is to
demonstrate that utilitarianism can provide such reasons
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
48 |
Talk-32
Husserl and Disjunctivism On the Theory of Perceptual Experience
in Transcendental Phenomenology
Shun Sato
Philosophy Tohoku University
Abstract
In this presentation I investigate a possible interpretation of Husserls phenomenological theory of perceptual
experience as a disjunctive one My study consists of four sections In sections 1 and 2 I characterize disjunctivism
as a position representing a resistance against what appears to be historically more or less orthodoxy presenting
what has been described as an argument from hallucination for this traditional view This form of argument seems
to compel us to acknowledge that our experience at large is a common factor to perception and hallucination and
therefore that our experience does not intrinsically reach worldly objects According to disjunctivists this seeming
is not the real They tell us that we have either experience if it is veridical which involves a worldly object or
experience which does not if it is not veridical hence we do not always have an intrinsically falling-short-of-world
experience They argue that we perceive in a veridical case an object which is a constituent of a real world as is
suggested they usually speak in defense of direct realism In section 3 I try to show that Husserls transcendental
idealism is not incompatible with direct realistic theory of perception looking into his conception of perceptual
intentionality evidence (or reason) and reality In the final section I take up an interpretation of Husserls view
about experience as disjunctivism provided by A D Smith to which I add my own view Finally I suggest that
Husserls disjunctivism should better be characterized as a form of epistemological disjunctivism
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 49
Parallel Session - Collaborative Research
Talk-33
Development of an electro-magnetic calorimeter made up of
ceramic PrLuAG scintillator
Takatsugu ISHIKAWA (Physics)
Research Center for Electron and Photon Science (Laboratory of Nuclear Science)
Abstract
Quarks are fundamental building blocks of matter and they unite to configure composite particles called
hadrons Experimentally observed hadrons before 2003 can be understood as a composite of three quarks (baryons)
or that of a quark and an anti-quark (mesons) Study of exotic hadrons which are not classified as baryons or
mesons has been a subject of great interest in nuclear physics after a narrow S=1 baryon resonance (Θ+) was
observed at SPring-8LEPS for the first time The Θ+ can be a member of anti-decuplet penta-quark baryons (four
quarks and an anti-quark) with the lowest mass
After the LEPS experiment both the positive and negative results have been reported by many other facilities
Searching for other members is important to establish the penta-quark picture A narrow bump is observed at our
facility in the excitation function for η photo-production on the neutron near E~1 GeV It would be attributed to a
member of anti-decuplet baryons with hidden strangeness since no signature corresponding to this bump is
observed in η photo-production on the proton To investigate this bump precisely an electro-magnetic (EM)
calorimeter with a large solid angle and with a high energy resolution is required since the η meson is identified by
detecting two photons from its decay
A praseodymium doped lutetium aluminum garnet Lu3Al5O12 (PrLuAG) is an excellent scintillator for EM
calorimeters utilized in nuclear and particle physics It has good characteristics such as good energy resolution fast
response a short radiation length and no hygroscopicity At this moment its large single crystal cannot be
manufactured which may be used as a module for an EM calorimeter Recently a ceramic PrLuAG scintillator has
been developed by Prof Yoshikawa and Prof Yanagita in Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced
Materials Tohoku University The ceramic one is expected to be manufactured in a desired shape and to be much
cheaper than the single crystal In this talk the current status of preparing a ceramic PrLuAG scintillator dedicated
to an EM calorimeter is discussed
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
50 |
Talk-34
Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Abstract
Anti-neutrinos travel from the Earthrsquos interior due to beta decays of mainly three isotopes 238
U 232
Th and 40
K
The study of geo-neutrinos was performed using 207659-day data taken with KamLAND which is the
anti-neutrino detector contained 1000 tons of liquid scintillator (LS) The data includes 58603-day data since the
LS purification was started
The LS purification is distillation and N2 purge for LS and was performed to reduce low energy backgrounds
such as 85
Kr 210
Bi and 210
Po These isotopes were reduced by ~ 185000 ~ 12100 and ~ 116 respectively While
the LS purification reduced backgrounds it caused the decrease of light yield by ~ 20 and following the deviation
of the position and time dependence Energy and its deviation are corrected using calibration and spallation data
before the geo-neutrino analysis
Anti-neutrinos are extracted from data using the likelihood selection based on the probability density function of
anti-neutrinos and accidental backgrounds depending on those rate to use low energy region and outer volume with
many accidental backgrounds
The main backgrounds for geo-neutrinos are reactor neutrinos and 13
C(alpha n)16
O reaction The latter is
reduced by ~ 116 after the LS purification due to the reduction of the main alpha source 210
Po
The expected number of geo-neutrinos is calculated using the reference Earth model based on seismology
petrology and the BSE model It is 976 events The Rate + Shape + Time analysis was performed using these
results The best-fit of geo-neutrinos does not conflict with the expectation The accuracy of measurement was
significantly improved from the last official result Zero geo-neutrinos are excluded at over 3 sigma CL That is
the first evidence of geo-neutrinos The fully-radiogenic models of 44 TW or 31 TW were also restricted for the
first time
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 51
Talk-35
Geometric Analysis on Einstein Equation
Sumio Yamada
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
The Einstein equation states that the spacetime we live in is Ricci-flat (vacuum case) namely it is flat in the
sense that the Ricci curvature tensor of the spacetime as a Lorentzian manifold vanishes If it is simply flat then
the space becomes trivial namely the spacetime is isometric to the Minkowski space The Ricci-flatness on the
other hand allows much freedom in determining the shape of the spacetime The degree of freedom is manifest in
the nonlinearity of the Einstein equation whose structure as a system of fully nonlinear partial differential
equations has discouraged mathematicians and physicists alike for many years
In this talk we will present several aspects of current research which are different approaches to the task of
understanding the Einstein equation The first one is from the viewpoint of three dimensional Riemannian
geometry where the threefold represents the space obtained by fixing ldquotimerdquo in the spacetime The second comes
from analyzing the Einstein equation as an evolution equation of the threefold a sort of deformation theory over
time The third approach is to formulate exact solutions of the Einstein equation which often contains
singularities the ldquoblackholesrdquo
The complete understanding of the Einstein equation still remains elusive those systematic approaches have
proved to be productive in mathematics as well as theoretical physics so that there are many beautiful theories born
out of the investigations
Talk-36
Study of elementary particles nuclei and high pressure condensed
Study matter in gravitational wave astronomy
Yousuke Itoh
Astronomical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
Among the known four forces gravity is the most weak interaction As a result it is expected that gravitational
wave astronomy will enables us to explore the new aspects of the universe which are hidden for electromagnetic and
neutrino astronomers Those include the early universe beyond the redshift ~ 1000 (the last scattering surface of the
cosmic microwave background) and properties of matter inside highly compact stars In this talk I will briefly review
the gravitational wave theory how we detect it the current status of the world-wide efforts for gravitational wave
detection and then talk about our research efforts
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
52 |
Talk-37
Development of Readout Board for FPCCD Detector
Yosuke Takubo
Department of physics Tohoku University
Abstract
FPCCD (Fine Pixel CCD) is a CCD detector whose pixel size is 5 x 5 μm2 and thickness of the sensitive layer
is 15 μm The sensitive layer of FPCCD is fully depleted to suppress the diffusion in the epitaxial layer and it
realizes good hit separation capability It is considered to use FPCCD for the high energy physics material science
and astronomy since the small pixel size realizes the excellent position resolution To establish the technology we
developed the test sample of FPCCD in 2008 whose pixel size is 12 x 12 μm2 The pixel size will be make smaller
to 6 x 6 μm2 in the second test sample in 2010 We also developed prototype of the readout ASIC to operate and
readout FPCCD
Together with the FPCCD sensor and readout ASIC development of the readout system is important issue
There are some requirements to the readout system due to characteristics of the FPCCD The readout speed must be
above 10 Mpixsec for one readout channel to read all the pixels The readout board must have ability of the data
processing like zero-suppression to reduce data sent to PC The data transfer rate to PC should be about 1 Gbps
We developed prototype of the readout board for FPCCD in 2009 The readout board is designed as
KEK-VME9U module The LVDS input and output is prepared to treat 16 x 4 channels Since a FPGA (Field
Programmable Gate Array) is equipped on the board logic for data processing could be easily modified The data
transfer rate to PC of 1 Gbps is realized by SiTCP technology in which the logic for TCPIP is embedded in FPGA
In my talk the status of development of the readout board will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 53
Talk-38
Theoretical Formulation of Morphology Dynamics of Membranes
Based on a Combination of Mathematical Models and Differential
Geometry
Yutaka Oya1)
Masatoshi Toda1)
Katsuhiko Sato1)
Toshihiro Kawakatsu1)
and
Izumi Takagi2)
1) Department of Physics 2) Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
Bio-membranes and vesicles are bilayers of lipid molecules with closed form A typical example is red blood cell
It is well known that the equilibrium shape of these membranes are determined by minimizing the following
Helfrich bending elastic energy [1]
2
02
CCdH aa
(1)
where ad is the infinitesimal area element of the membrane surface aC the local mean curvature 0C the
spontaneous curvature the bending elastic constant This energy is to be minimized among closed surfaces
having the prescribed surface area and bounding volume [2]
Although this Helfrich model is successful for equilibrium shape problems it is not easy to study dynamical
processes such as deformation fission and fusion of membranes under an external flow field or in the presence of
guest molecules such as polymers injected into the membrane In such a situation a field-theoretic approach to
Helfrich model is quite useful It is called the phase field (PF) model where the infinitely thin membrane
described by eq(1) is approximated by a finitely thin interface (topological defect) of a scalar field r [3] As
the membrane is described by a filed variable it is easy to combine it with other fields for example a flow field
(Navier-Stokes (NS) equation) or a density distribution of polymer chains (self-consistent field (SCF) theory)
We develop theoretical formulations for polymer chains encapsulated in
a membrane (PF+SCF) and for membranes floating in a flow field
(PF+NS) The former is a model of drag delivery system and the latter is a
model for a blood flow in a blood vessel Figure 1 shows typical
axisymmetric shapes of membranes that contain polymer chains obtained
by PF+SCF technique A shape deformation of membrane induced by the
injected polymer can be observed
[1] UZeifert Adv Phys 46 (1997) 13
[2] TNagasawa and ITakagi Calc Var and PDE 16 (2003) 63
[3] QDu C Liu and X Wang J Comput Phys 198 (2004) 450
a)
b)
Fig1 Two typical axisymmetric
shapes of membranes containing
polymers inside (a) prolate and (b)
oblate shapes
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
54 |
Talk-39
The search for safety and certainty in foundations of mathematics
from the logical and philosophical point of view
Keita Yokoyama
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Abstract
In this research we investigate the certainty of foundations of mathematics including the concepts of infinity
provability axiomatizability normativity determinacy and so on In this talk we will overview the certainty of
infinitesimal analysis by means of the measure of the logical strength as an example
In the 17th century differential and integral calculus was developed using infinitely small or infinitesimal
quantities by G W Leibniz and others However the theory of infinitesimals was completely replaced by the
theory of limits in the 19th century In 1960rsquos A Robinson introduced the theory of non-standard analysis and
justified the theory of infinitesimals in it [1] Non-standard analysis has been investigated by many researchers as a
branch of logic or analysis and it has been applied to the study of analysis number theory and other fields of
mathematics On the other hand the strengths of many theorems of classical analysis are measured by comparing
them with axioms of arithmetic as a program of Reverse Mathematics by H Friedman S Simpson and others [2]
For example the axiom ldquoweak Koenigrsquos lemma (WKL)rdquo is equivalent to the Brouwer fixed point theorem and the
Cauchy integral theorem and the axiom ldquoarithmetical comprehension (ACA)rdquo is equivalent to the AscoliArzela
lemma and the Riemann mapping theorem Then can we measure the certainty of infinitesimal analysis Is
infinitesimal analysis more complex or less certain than classical analysis Our aim is to answer these question
In 1980rsquos H J Keisler gave simple axioms for the theory of infinitesimal analysis So we measure the strengths
of these axioms by comparing them with axioms of arithmetic The axioms of infinitesimal analysis consist of
ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo ldquotransfer principlerdquo and other weak principles named nsBASIC Our main
results of this study are following
1 nsBASIC plus ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo is a conservative extension of the axiom of arithmetic
WKL
2 nsBASIC plus ldquoinfinitesimal approximation principlerdquo plus ldquotransfer principlerdquo is a conservative extension of
the axiom of arithmetic ACA
It is known that the most part of classical analysis can be developed within WKL or ACA Consequently the theory
of infinitesimal analysis has the same certainty as the theory of classical analysis
References
[1] Stephen G Simpson Subsystems of Second Order Arithmetic Perspectives Springer-Verlag 1999
[2] A Robinson Non-standard Analysis North-Holland revised edition 1974
[3] Keita Yokoyama Formalizing non-standard arguments in second-order arithmetic to appear
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 55
Abstracts of Poster Presentations
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
56 |
Po-1
Coherent control of excited states by multipulse photo excitation
Kenta Abe
Physics D2 Tohoku University
The control of quantum phenomena with modulated laser pulses has already been demonstrated successfully on
a variety of chemical and physical systems For example the temporal structure of the pulse can be periodically
modified to yield a train of pulses If the temporal spacing of the pulse train coincides with the period of a
molecular vibration a wavepacket involving just a selected mode can be excited selectively over other modes We
adopted coherent control method using multipulse excitation to get information about transient vibration of the
excited states in materials
The coherent control measurement was carried out by a setup based on femtosecond absorption spectroscopy
Output of the Tisapphire laser system (800nm 1mJ 150fs 1kHz) was divided into several parts One part was
used to generate the tunable prepump (~100fs) by an infrared optical parametric amplifier (IR-OPA) The prepump
generated the excited state in the materials Another part was used to drive a noncollinear OPA (NOPA) generating
the ultrashort transform-limit (TL) pulse (lt20 fs) for the coherent control A pulse shaper which consists of a spatial
light modulator (SLM) with 800times600 pixels in a 4f arrangement modulated the TL pulse and generated the shaped
pump pulse The rest output generated the broadband tunable probe pulse using another NOPA and a prism pair
pulse compressor Time resolution of the system was about 20fs
Nile Blue was selected as prototype system because of its strong oscillatory features The coherent vibration
induced by the TL or shaped pump pulse was observed Figure 2 shows the Fourier transform (FT) spectra of the
transient vibration with and without the prepump With the prepump the peak frequency of the FT-spectrum is
lower than that without the prepump The multipulse excitation could successfully induce the coherent vibration in
the excited state Furthermore we carried out the coherent control by the shaped pump pulse The periodic pulse
trains can selectively control the coherent vibration in the ground andor excited states
Fig 2 Transient vibration induced by TL pulse Fig 1 Sketch of the multipulse excitation setup
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 57
Po-2
de Haas ndashvan Alphen effect studies in the Antiferro-Quadrupolar
ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3
T Isshiki T Komatsubara HS Suzuki N Kimura H Aoki
Physics D3 Tohoku University
In the past decade it is found that higher order multipoles (quadrupolar octupolar etc) play a key role in some
rare earth and actinide systems Although a great number of studies have been performed the mechanism of the
multipolar ordering has not been clarified yet On the other hand some previous experiments suggest that the
quadrupolar ordering is mediated via the conduction electrons Moreover in some Pr-based compounds which have
nonmagnetic 3 doublet in the crystalline electric field ground state a huge CT value is observed in the specific
heat measurement even at low temperatures These results indicate that quadrupole moments might be strongly
coupled with the conduction electrons but there is no clear evidence so far Therefore it is important to investigate
the role of the conduction electrons in these systems
The de Haas -van Alphen(dHvA) effect is a powerful method to measure the properties of conduction electrons
We study the dHvA effect in the antiferro-quadrupolar(AFQ) ordering systems Pr1-xLaxPb3 and U1-xThxPd3 (1) to
investigate whether or not a huge CT at low temperatures and the non-Fermi liquid behavior reported for the
specific heat and electrical resistivity in Pr1-xLaxPb3 come from the interplay between quadrupole moments and the
conduction electrons (2) to investigate how the change of the f electron state such as the one from the
para-quadrupolar state to the AFQ state affects the properties of conduction electrons and (3) to investigate the
quantum criticality of the quadrupolar ordering
We have succeeded in observing the change in the properties of conduction electrons associated with the change
of the f electron state The details are discussed in this presentation
Po-3
Measurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum
in the Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHC
Takumi Ito
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Supersymmetry (SUSY) is the well-motivated candidate of the physics beyond the standard model If
SUSY really exists at the TeV energy scale a large number of SUSY particles are produced at the LHC
experiments A signature of SUSY at the LHC strongly depends on the SUSY mass spectrum Some
SUSY models have a long-lived heavy charged particle and in such case we should completely alter a
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
58 |
strategy to study the SUSY events from one in a widely-studied case with a long-lived heavy neutral
particle
We study the model with a long-lived stau (supersymmetric partner of tau lepton) and demonstrate the
several masses of superpaticles can be measured with a good accuracy [1] We focus on the case in which
the mass differences between the lightest stau and other sleptons are ~ 10 GeV or larger so that the decay
products of heavier sleptons are hard enough to be detected First we determine the masses of neutralinos as
the endpoint of the invariant mass distribution of (tau-jet - stau) since neutralinos mainly decay to the
lightest stau Next with the assist of the knowledge of the neutralino mass the masses of the right-handed
sleptons are determined as the sharp peak in the distribution of the invariant mass of (lepton - tau - stau)
Also squark (almost right-handed) masses can be measured well
In the previous study we left the mass reconstructions of other particles such as gluino charginos left-handed
sleptons and left-handed squarks They are in progress [2]
Reference
[1] Takumi Ito Ryuichiro Kitano and Takeo Moroi ldquoMeasurement of the Superparticle Mass Spectrum in the
Long-Lived Stau Scenario at the LHCrdquo arXiv 09105853 [hep-ph]
[2] Takumi Ito Ryuichiro Kitano and Takeo Moroi work in progress
Po-4
In situ NMR imaging of lithium- ion batteries
during chargedischarge cycle
Yoshiki Iwai
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Lithium-ion batteries are quite important power sources for mobile devices such as mobile phones notebook
computers portable audio players etc It is necessary to observe ion motion of liquid electrolyte in lithium-ion
batteries for increasing their safety and understanding mechanisms of the degradations Over the last several
decades many types of in-situ technique (X-ray Raman scattering infrared spectroscopy etc) have been adopted to
investigate the lithium-ion dynamics Moreover visualizing techniques are also starting to be employed for material
science over the biological and medical field X-ray and neutron tomography can see through the batteries however
these two techniques have disadvantages for lithium-ion batteries X-ray has low sensitivity for organic electrolyte
because the sensitivity of X-ray is proportional to weight of atoms Neutron beam has high sensitivity for proton
(1H) and lithium (
6Li and
7Li) however big facilities are need for the experiments Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Imaging (NMR imaging ) is also nondestructive imaging technique which can satisfy these two demands high
sensitivity of light atoms such as proton (or lithium) and small instrument compared with Neutron facilities The
aim of this work is to observe liquid electrolyte in the lithium-ion battery by NMR imaging technique to understand
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 59
ionic motion and behavior of its degradation as a function of electrochemical cycling As a start of this work I
report lithium (7Li) and proton (
1H) imaging data of special designed lithium-ion battery which is composed of
lithium-metal (negative electrode) and LiCoO2 (positive electrode) filled with liquid electrolyte LiClO4PC
Po-5
Crack propagation in largely deformed rubber sheet
Daiki Endo
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
60 |
Po-6
Optical response of photonic crystal with multi-layered structure
Rihei Endo
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Recently there has been rapid progress in the performance of nano scale artificial structure It is known that
the photonic crystals take an important role in developing next-generation devices Photonic crystals have a
photonic band structure with a gap energy that excludes light with a certain frequency which is the same
analogy as the energy band structure in the crystal of the solid We can control light freely by operating these
structures artificially and it is possible to create new type devices with new features
So far we had investigated one-electron properties of one-dimensional self-similar structures (SSS) SSS are
classified into the third group of systems in addition to periodic systems and random systems Electronic states
of SSS exhibits rich properties For example the presence of energy spectra and wave functions which have
multifractal characters is peculiar to such systems And almost all eigenstates for electrons are critical states
whose nature locate between extended states and localised states
Applying the concept of SSS to photonic crystals we aim at a development of a new type of optical device
We confine our discussion in 1D photonic crystals which consist of two different dielectric material layers A
and B in a SSS We assume the materials of A and B layers to be non-absorbing isotropic and uniform
dielectric matirials with reflective indices na and nb respectively (see fig1) To set up 1D self-similar
photonic crystal we apply the substitution rule to determine the order of two kinds of layer as shown in fig2 In
this poster We have investigated the time-dependent optical response of S-polarized wave and P-polarized
wave (see fig3) on this SSS by using transfer matrix method [1]
[1] J Phys A Math Gen 37 (2004) L1-L6 Rihei Endou Komajiro Niizeki Nobuhisa Fujita
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 61
Po-7
Pseudo-spin Kondo effect in a capacitively-coupled parallel double
quantum dot
Yuma OKAZAKI
Physics D1 Tohoku University
A low-dimensional nano-structure fabricated by semiconductor fine processing technology offers the ideal
playground for studying quantum and correlative nature of electrons Especially electronic states can be controlled
at a single electron level in a zero-dimensionally confined system known as a quantum dot (QD) The Kondo effect
is an electron correlation phenomenon resulting from a dynamical spin singlet formation between a localized spin
at the QD and its surrounding conduction electrons via an effective exchange interaction The Kondo effect has
been well investigated in bulk materials containing dilute magnetic impurities However more tunable approach for
the Kondo physics is possible with the helps of QDrsquos parameter-controllability
In this poster we show transport measurements in a double QD system with inter-dot capacitive coupling In
such a device charge degrees of freedom can be regarded as a pseudo-spin and play the equivalent role to the
electron spin in the Kondo physics Although the pseudo-spin Kondo effect has been already discussed in some
reported articles more quantitative and conclusive experimental results are lacking Two fingerprints for the
pseudo-spin Kondo singlet were experimentally observed in our fabricated device(Fig a b) The first one is Kondo
zero bias anomaly which originates from a many-body resonance level pinned at the Fermi surface due to the
Kondo singlet formation(Fig c) The second one is Kondo scaling which describes universal temperature
dependence scaled by the Kondo temperature A good fit was obtained between the observed temperature
dependence and a theoretical curve by numerical renormalization group theory(Fig d) Moreover a contribution
from the pseudo-spin was discussed via measurements in a finite in-plane magnetic field In conclusion a
formation of the pseudo-spin Kondo singlet was determined
Fig (a)Scanning electron microscope image of the device Electrons are confined into regions illustrated by circles (b)The charge stability diagram showing charge configurations in the two QDs VL(VR) is bias voltages applied to the gate L(R) labeled in Fig (a) The arrows depict charge and spin states (c)Kondo zero bias anomaly and (d)Kondo scaling were measured at the center of the two-headed arrow in Fig (b)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
62 |
Po-8
Spin and charge dynamics in a photo-excited double exchange system
Yu Kanamori
D2 Department of Physics Tohoku University
Hiroaki Matsueda1 and Sumio Ishihara
2
1Sendai National College of Technology
2Department of Physics Tohoku University
A variety of electronic phases in correlated electron systems is attributed to strong interplay between multi-degrees of
freedom of electrons such as charge spin and orbital Gigantic changes in electronic state are caused by weak perturbation in a
vicinity of phase boundary Perovskite manganite is one of the typical correlated electron materials with multi-degrees of
freedom Recently ultrafast photo-induced phenomena by applying femtosecond laser pulse have been measured in the
charge-ordered (CO) insulator associated with the antiferromagnetic (AF) order [1] Transient optical reflectivity and
magnet-optic Kerr rotation suggest strong coupling between the charge and spin degrees of freedom in the photo-induced states
Nonlinear increase of reflectivity change for photo-excitation density has been also reported
We study photo-induced charge and spin dynamics in perovskite manganite We adopt the extended double-exchange model
in one-dimension where the on-site and nearest-neighbor Coulomb repulsions between the eg electrons and the
nearest-neighbor AF exchange coupling between the t2g localized spins are taken into account By using the exact
diagonalization method and density-matrix renormalization-group method several transient spectra and static correlation
functions are obtained
It is shown that just after the photo-irradiation CO is melted and the band width of photo-carriers gradually increases with
increasing time The time dependence of the photo-carrier band and that of the in-gap component of the optical conductivity are
correlated with that in the spin correlation indicating strong coupling between charge and spin sectors This time scale is
governed by the electron transfer integral We also examine the photon intensity dependence of the spin and charge dynamics It
is found that pump photon intensity where the energy gain in the spin sector is saturated is smaller than that where the charge
energy is saturated This result implies that the spin and charge sectors are decoupled in the view point of the pump
photon-intensity
This work is supported by the global COE program of MEXT Japan
References
[1] K Miyasaka et al Phys Rev B 74 012401 (2006)
[2] H Matsueda and S Ishihara J Phys Soc Jpn 76 083703 (2007)
[3] Y Kanamori H Matsueda and S Ishihara Phys Rev Lett 103 267401 (2009)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 63
Po-9
Observation of 8B Solar Neutrinos with KamLAND
Yoshiaki Kibe (D3)
Department of Physics Research Center for Neutrino Science Tohoku University
The Kamioka Liquid Scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector that is KamLAND experiment is located at the site of the
former Kamiokande experiment in Gifu Prefecture Japan KamLAND uses 1 metric kton of liquid scintillator
contained in a 65m radius 135μm thick NylonEVOH balloon
Measurements of solar neutrinos and reactor anti-neutrinos have established neutrino oscillation and the Large
Mixing Angle (LMA) solution with matter effects described by Mikheyev Smirnov and Wolfenstein (MSW) as the
correct description of neutrino propagation from the Sun The 8B decay creates the continuous energy spectrum and
dominates the high-energy solar neutrino flux This has been measured previously using neutrino-electron
scattering with water Cherenkov detectors like Kamiokande Super-Kamiokande and SNO and the liquid
scintillator detector like Borexino The water Cherenkov detectors are able to reconstruct the direction of the
incoming neutrino and typically have thresholds of around 5 MeV Liquid scintillator detectors have much better
energy solution and the possibility of lower energy thresholds but no directional information The detection method
exploits the neutrino-electron elastic scattering reaction in the solar neutrino detection at KamLAND
The newly developed purification system rejects the radioactive backgrounds It allows us to explore lower
threshold of 35 MeV where is the unexplored energy region for 8B solar neutrino detection This work shows the
first measurement of 8B solar neutrino flux in KamLAND with 35 and 55 MeV thresholds
Po-10
z ~3 LYMAN BREAK GALAXY CLUSTER SURVEY IN SSA22
WITH VIMOS
Katsuki Kousai
Physics D2 Tohoku University
We report our redshift survey of z~3 Lyman break galaxies ( LBGs ) We observed LBGs spectra in SSA22
( 221734 +001504 ) 912 arcsec2 field to identify those spectral redshift and to study three dimensional
distribution of LBGs We have obtained spectral redshifts of 94 LBGs and found spike at z=31 33 and 37 in the
redshift distribution
SSA22 is a field in which Steidel et al discovered high density region of LBGs at z=309 ( Steidel et al 1998 )
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
64 |
They determined spectral redshifts of 99 LBGs at z~3 in 162 arcsec2 field They found a critical spike at z=309 in
their redshift distribution of LBGs
We have detected a lot of Lyman alpha emitters ( LAEs ) at z=309 in 912 arcsec2 field which contains the high
density region discovered by Steidel et al in our narrowband filter (NB497 band pass centered at 4977 Å
bandwidth of FWHM 77Å ) survey for LAEs with Subaru Prime Focus Camera to find a large scale structure of
LAEs ( Hayashino et al 2004 )
We also carried out LBG redshift survey in our LAE survey area We observed z~3 LBG candidates in the field
with ESO-VLT VIsible MultiObject Spectrograph ( VIMOS ) in 2006 and 2008 We identify spectral redshifts of 94
LBGs with Lyman alpha emission line ( 1216Åin rest-flame ) or metal absorption line ( Si II O I C II ( 1216Å
1303Å 1334Å in rest-flame ) etc )
We drew redshift distribution of those LBGs In our redshift distribution we found spike not only at z=31 that was
discovered by Steidel but also z=33 and 37 We also study spatial distribution of LBGs that is included those spikes It seems
that LBGs in each spikes are clustered in sky distribution of those LBGs
In our poster we report on the redshift distribution of 94 LBGs at z~3 the property of those density peaks that is found in
the redshift distribution and the spatial distribution of LBGs
Po-11
EELS and SXES studies of electronic structures of Al-TM alloys
Shogo Koshiya
Physics D1 Tohoku University
After the discovery of an icosahedral symmetry material (quasicrystals) in a melt-quenched Al6Mn alloy [1]
great effort has been spent for understanding the presence of quasiperiodic structured materials In recent years
Hume-Rothery mechanism which predicts an existence of a pseudogap around Fermi level (EF) is accepted as a
major reason for the stabilization of quasicrystals The presences of pseudogap structures in quasicrystals were
experimentally confirmed by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and EELS EELS experiments also pointed out
characteristic chemical shifts in Al L-shell excitation spectra of Al-based quasicrystals [2] which suggested a
decrease of valence electron charge at Al sites Recently a covalent bonding nature in quasicrystals was reported by
MEMRietveld analysis of 10-Al12Re and 11-Al73Re27Si10 [3] Thus it is interesting to investigate the relation
between chemical shift and bonding nature of quasicrystals On the other hand the systematic measurements of
electronic structures of the normal Al-transition metal (Al-TM) alloys help the understanding of the bonding
nature of the Al-based quasicrystal
In this study the chemical shift which is sensitive to the amount of valence electron of amorphous (Am)
quasicrystalline (QC) and crystalline (Cryst) phases of Al53Si27Mn20 alloys were investigated by a high
energy-resolution EELS transmission electron-microscope (TEM) [4] and a soft-X-ray emission spectroscopy
(SXES) instrument attached to a TEM [5]
From EELS measurements of Al L-edge (2p rarr CV) of the phases it was clearly shown that only the QC phase
showed an apparent shift to the larger binding energy side by 04 eV compared with that of Al single crystal This
result should be due to a large binding energy of Al L-shell of QC phase than that of pure Al (chemical shift) From
SXES measurements of Al K -emission (2p rarr 1s) of the phases it was revealed for the first time that the spectrum
of QC phase clearly showed a shift to the larger energy side of about 4 eV These results clearly indicate that the chemical shift is characteristic for QC phase Si K -emission spectrum of QC phase also showed a clear shift of
about 6 eV On the other hand there was not an apparent chemical shift for Mn L -emission (3d rarr 2p) Those
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 65
EELS and SXES results suggest that the amounts of valence electron of Al and Si atomic sites of Al53Si27Mn20
alloys are decreased only in the QC phase However Mn site does not change its valence electron charge
apparently in Am QC and Crystal phases It can be due to a localization of valence electrons of Mn atom
Chemical shifts of all constituent atoms for Am QC and Cryst phases of Al53Si27Mn20 alloys were examined first
time by EELS and SXES These results clearly presented that a chemical shift is characteristic for QC phase It
should be also noted that only Al and Si atoms of Al53Si27Mn20 change those valence electron states in QC phase
Experimental results of EELS and SXES on 10-Al12Re and 11-Al73Re17Si10 approximant crystals and Al-TM
alloys will be also presented
References
[1] D Schechtman et al Phys Rev Lett 53 1951 (1984)
[2] M Terauchi et al Phil Mag 87 2947 (2007)
[3] K Kirihara et al Phys Rev B 64 212201 (2001)
[4] M Tanaka et al Microsc Microanal 8 (Suppl 2) 68 (2002)
[5] M Terauchi et al Microsc Microanal 13 (Suppl 2) 166 (2007)
Po-12
Comparison of membrane physical property changes between DMPC
membrane and DMPE membrane induced by melittin
Atsuji Kodama
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Melittin an amphipathic peptide composed of 26 amino acid residues from honeybee venom is
widely used as a model of membrane protein in the study of lipid-protein interaction in
biomembranes In this study interaction of melittin with DMPC membranes and DMPE membranes
were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and fluorescent spectrometry with an
environment sensitive fluorescent dye Laurdan and tryptophan (Trp) residue in melittin In DSC
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
66 |
study the main phase transition peak of DMPC became broader gradually with increasing of
melittin On the other hand such a transition peak behavior was not observed in DMPE
thermograms In the fluorescent study with Laurdan Generalized Polarization (GP) was calculated
from I440 and I490 of Laurdan emission spectra Around phase transition temperature GP value for
DMPE changed drastically in the presence of melittin compared with in the absence of melittin It
indicated that melittin disturbed infiltration of water molecules into the lipid glycerol backbone
regions Contrary to DMPE temperature region of GP value change for DMPC became broader with
increasing of melittin It related to the reduction of transition cooperativity In the tryptophan
fluorescent study λmax was shorter than the system without lipids through the all temperature
regions at all mole fractions of melittin in DMPC systems In DMPEMelittin systems λmax was
longer than DMPCMelittin systems The results showed that melittin was in the hydrophobic
environment in DMPCMelittin systems On the other hand melittin was in hydrophilic
environment in DMPEMelittin systems These results indicated that melittin located in DMPC
membrane and on DMPE membrane surface From the GP value the glycerol backbone regions of DMPE
membranes have higher packing compared with DMPC one It indicated that the higher packing of DMPE
possibly disturbed penetration of melittin
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 67
Po-13
Resonant x-ray scattering experiment on Pr(Ru1-xRhx)4P12
Kotaro Saito
Dept of Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
68 |
Po-14
Study of geo neutrinos with KamLAND
Yuri Shimizu
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Anti-neutrinos travel from the Earthrsquos interior due to beta decays of mainly three isotopes 238
U 232
Th and 40
K
The study of geo-neutrinos was performed using 207659-day data taken with KamLAND which is the
anti-neutrino detector contained 1000 tons of liquid scintillator (LS) The data includes 58603-day data since the
LS purification was started
The LS purification is distillation and N2 purge for LS and was performed to reduce low energy backgrounds
such as 85
Kr 210
Bi and 210
Po These isotopes were reduced by ~ 185000 ~ 12100 and ~ 116 respectively While
the LS purification reduced backgrounds it caused the decrease of light yield by ~ 20 and following the deviation
of the position and time dependence Energy and its deviation are corrected using calibration and spallation data
before the geo-neutrino analysis
Anti-neutrinos are extracted from data using the likelihood selection based on the probability density function of
anti-neutrinos and accidental backgrounds depending on those rate to use low energy region and outer volume with
many accidental backgrounds The number of anti-neutrino candidates is 2043 events
The main backgrounds for geo-neutrinos are reactor neutrinos and 13
C(alpha n)16
O reaction The latter is reduced
by ~ 116 after the LS purification due to the reduction of the main alpha source 210
Po The number of total
backgrounds is estimated to be 20158 events
The expected number of geo-neutrinos is calculated using the reference Earth model based on
seismology petrology and the BSE model It is 976 events The Rate + Shape + Time analysis was
performed using these results The best-fit of geo-neutrinos is 860plusmn279 267 (32 accuracy) and does
not conflict with the expectation Zero geo-neutrinos are excluded at 34σ(9993) From the
estimated geo-neutrino flux and the model the upper limits of radiogenic heat from U and Th and
their mass in the mantle are 30 TW and 59x1017 kg at 90 CL This result excludes the
fully-radiogenic models of 37 TW and 44 TW at 976 and 996 CL respectively
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 69
Po-15
Pressure dependence of B-T phase diagram in
heavy-fermion superconductor CeRhSi3
Tetsuya Sugawara(D2) Noriaki Kimura(Assis Prof) and Haruyoshi Aoki(Prof)
Department of Physics Tohoku University
CeRhSi3 is a noncentrosymmetric heavy-fermion pressure-induced superconductor discovered in 2005 by N
Kimura et al [1] Its crystal structure lacks an inversion center which is characteristic of this compound as shown
in the inset of Fig 1 The superconductivity emerges above 02GPa although the antiferromagnetic order persists
up to 24GPa Therefore CeRhSi3 can provide two fascinating aspects of the superconductivity namely
noncentrosymmetric and heavy-fermion superconductivity
We reported the temperature dependence of the upper-critical-field Bc2(T) along the tetragonal c-axis of CeRhSi3
and the existence of a bend on the Bc2(T)-curve at the last forum To elucidate the nature of the bend we have
performed the precise measurement of the electrical resistivity at several pressures Figure 2 shows the resultant
Bc2(T)-curves of CeRhSi3 We found the bend appears at 24GPa at which the antiferromagnetic ordering
disappers at zero field This fact suggests that the bend is associated with the magnetism
At the forum we will also report the pressure dependence of other superconducting parameters and discuss the
nature of the bend
Reference
[1]N Kimura et al Phys Rev Lett 95 (2005) 247004
Fig 1 Crystal structure and T-P phase diagram
of CeRhSi3
Fig 2 Pressure dependence of the Bc2(T)-curve
of CeRhSi3
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
70 |
Po-16
Neutral meson photoproduction with electromagnetic calorimeter
complex FOREST
Koutaku Suzuki
Physics D3 Tohoku University
We have been studying hadron properties via the π0 and η photoproduction reactions at Research Center for
Electron Photon Science Tohoku University Recently we observed a narrow baryon resonance at Eγ ~ 1020
MeV in the γ d rarr η n p reaction The resonance seems to show up in the γ n rarr η n reaction since no signal has
been observed so far in the γ p rarr η p reaction at the same energy region
To investigate the resonance in more detail we developed a large solid angle electro-magnetic calorimeter
system FOREST It consists of three types of electromagnetic calorimeters and three plastic scintillator hodoscopes
One calorimeter located in a forward angular region is made up with 192 pure CsI crystals the second one covering
the polar angle from 30degto 100degcomprises 252 lead scintillating fiber blocks and the remaining calorimeter are
built with 36 lead glass Cherenkov counters The energy resolutions of pure CsI crystals lead scintillating fiber
blocks and lead glass Cherenkov counters are 21 72 and 49 respectively for 10 GeV electrons The
plastic scintillator hodoscopes are placed in front of these calorimeters to distinguish a particle being charged or
neutral FOREST covers the solid angle of about 90 in total
Experiments for π0 and η photoproduction reactions have been performed with FOREST The current status and
analysis of the experiments will be introduced
Po-17
Micro-photoluminescence around spin phase transition of ν=23
fractional quantum Hall regime
J HayakawaAK Muraki
BG YusaA
ADepartment of Physics Tohoku University
BNTT Basic Research Laboratories NTT Corporation
We have been interested in Landau level filling factor ν=23 fractional quantum Hall(FQH) regime because of
their interesting feature The spin degrees of freedom of electrons play an important role in this system That is
because the competition between Coulomb energy and Zeeman energy defines the ground state There are two
possible ground states unpolarized and fully polarized states A spin phase transition between these two states
occurs therefore domain formation with two polarizations is expected at certain magnetic field and carrier density
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 71
But actual size and shape of domains have not observed Moreover the dynamics of domains related to electric
current or nuclear spin polarization has been unveiled yet In contrast with standard transport measurement optical
measurement can reveal local configurations of electron spin Therefore we aim for direct observation of spin
domains at ν=23 by optical techniques
In our previous work we have measured circularly polarized photoluminescence from semiconductor quantum
well in the FQH regime at ν=23 We have found the peak intensity of singlet charged exciton tends to increase up
to transition point and it tends to decrease beyond this point by decreasing electron density On the other hand the
peak intensity of triplet charged exciton tends to monotonically increase by decreasing electron density Thus the
peak intensity of charged excitons can be used as a probe to detect local spin polarization
In order to acquire the image of spin domains we developed a scanning optical microscope in a dilution
refrigerator We illuminate samples with a laser through a square core multimode fiber to obtain a uniform electron
density over the sample Photoluminescence is collected by two polarization-maintaining fibers through circular
polarizer consisted of a quarter waveplate and a polarization beam splitter In this arrangement the core of the fiber
functions as a pinhole The sample is scanned by piezo-stage This experimental set-up will enable us to directly
observe the spin domains with micron order spatial resolution
Po-18
Ionic conductivity of Trehalose-Water-Lithium iodide mixture in glass
and supercooled liquid state
Reiji Takekawa
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Compound in the glassy state a certain kind of systems have ionic conductivity and the other donrsquot have ionic
conductivity in glassy ionic compound The former is decouple to glass framework and ion and latter is couple
That is beneficial to studying characteristic of glass transition in both system for principle and search higher
conductivity electrolyte Usually ldquocouplingrdquo sample and ldquodecouplingrdquo sample is another composed system Thus
that shouldnrsquot be studied details how to change between coupling glass to decoupling glass In this work search
systems which change coupling glass to decoupling glass with the different molar ration
In the previous study LiI-6H2O is good glass former and glass transition temperature Tg is -130 Glass
framework is hydrogen band network and lithium ion that coupled strongly To change decouple system I add
disaccharide Trehalose In general sugar group can make good stable glass Stabling glassy state and upper Tg
super cooled liquid state is important to some measuring in this case Thus I measured three component
trehalose-H2O-LiI systems In this system there is wide glass transition compound region
Result of Tg measurement by DSC Tg become higher increase with trehalose ratio Tg is 20 which ratio is
58 328 614 (trehalose-H2O-LiI molar ratio) I Compare conductivity at the glass transition temperature that
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
72 |
with LiI-6H2O (143 857) samples former is 5 order higher than latter The large increase suggest mobility
increase and changing coupling to decoupling system Consequently trehalose-H2O-LiI system is suitable to study
detail of coupling glass and decoupling glass
Po-19
Progress of the new DAQ system for wide-band solar neutrino
observation with KamLAND
Takemoto Yasuhiro
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Precise measurement of fluxes of solar neutrinos could examine validity of Standard Solar Model With
KamLAND previous efforts on solar neutrino observation focused on individual kind of those eg 8B
7Be
neutrinos Observation of those neutrinos was enabled by ultra-pure liquid scintillator which was even more
purified in these several years
However there still exist two major sources of backgrounds which are difficult to remove with current
electronics One source is a long-lived isotope eg 11
C 10
C which is produced in cosmic muon induced spallation
A huge muon is followed by high-rate events (up to several hundred events within one millisecond) including
neutrons which are byproducts of spallation isotopes Since decay of a spallation isotope comes too late to be told
as it detection of the neutrons which have space correlation with the isotope is necessary for identifying the
isotope and to extract neutrino signals from backgrounds Dead time of current DAQ electronics makes it difficult
to detect all of these neutrons which prevents us from salvaging neutrino events The other source of backgrounds
is residual radioactive impurity A part of decays of 85
Kr one of radioactive impurities is observed as two signals
but the first signal is too small to be triggered
My colleagues and I have been developed new electronics which consist of DAQ electronics which are free
from dead time within such event rate and intelligent trigger electronics which utilize the huge buffers inside the
DAQ electronics
At the present moment production assessment and installation of the electronics have accomplished And I
report here recent progress including installation in-situ tuning of on-board signal processing logic and of DAQ
software and future prospects of this project
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 73
Po-20
Double Chooz PMT preparation
TABATA Hiroshi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Double Chooz experiment is a reactor neutrino experiment searching for last undefined neutrino mixing angle
θ13
The most stringent constraint on the third mixing angle comes from the CHOOZ reactor neutrino experiment as
sin2(2θ13)lt02 Double Chooz will explore the range of sin
2(2θ13) with a sensitivity down to 003-002 within three
years of data taking The improvement of the CHOOZ result requires an increase in the statistics a reduction of the
systematic error below one percent and a careful control of the backgrounds Therefore Double Chooz will use
two identical detectors one at 400 m (near detector ) and another at 105 km from the Chooz nuclear cores
The plan is to start operation in middle of 2010 with the far detector
Main responsibility of Japanese group is photomultiplier tube (PMT) system Double Chooz uses 390 PMTs for
each detector We developed and purchased PMTs After some testing we finished 390 PMTs installation of far
detector in December 2009 This poster shows a state of PMT preparation
Po-21
Effects of lanthanoid ion on phosphate head groups in DMPC
membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures
Kouya Tamatsukuri1 (D3) Tetsuhiko Ohba
1 Gen Sazaki
2 Kazuo Ohki
1
1Department of Physics Tohoku University Sendai Japan
2Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Sendai Japan
Based on many solid-state NMR studies it is generally supposed that phospholipids become orientated in an
applied static magnetic field due to the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility which arises mainly from their
fatty acyl chains For phospholipids is generally negative and its exact value depends on the molecular structure
so lipids tend to orient perpendicular to the field 12-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and
12-dihexanoyl-sn-glycero-3- phosphatidylcholine (DHPC) mixtures are generally assumed to consist of disklike
micelles often called bicelles which align in magnetic fields with the bilayer normal perpendicular to the fields
direction due to negative of lipids However in addition of some trivalent lanthanoid ions such as Eu3+
Er3+
Yb3+
and Tm3+
which have a positive magnetic anisotropy it was reported to orient bicelles such that their normal
is parallel to the fields by NMR measurements On the other hands it was reported that cations including
lanthanoid ions induce the conformation change of the polar head group of lipids too So we investigated the
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
74 |
effects of lanthanoids ion Eu3+
on phosphate head groups of DMPC membrane and DMPCDHPC mixtures in the
absence of magnetic fields by fluorescence spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry and compared with
the results of NMR measurements
Po-22
Status of double beta decay experiment with KamLAND
Azusa Terashima
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Neutrinoless double beta decay predicted by Furry in 1938 and described by the process A(Z) -gt A(Z+2) + 2e- is
extremely rare process yet observed in nature This remarkable decay that violates the lepton number conservation
demands two characteristic neutrino properties One is that neutrinos have non-zero mass and another one is they
are Majorana particles
Although rare decay rate (half-life gt 1020
yr) make experiment difficult which requires very low background and
large volume this decay is very interested in since it will tell us the nature of neutrinos (DiracMajorana) its
effective mass via its half-life and neutrino mass hierarchy
The Kamioka Liquid scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector (KamLAND) is low energy neutrino detector with 1000
ton s of highly purified liquid scintillator (LS) located on the former Kamiokande experiment site in Japan at a
depth of ~2700 m water equivalent
Utilizing KamLAND clean environment and its large volume of liquid scintillator we will search the
neutrinoless double beta decay with 90 enriched 400kg of 136
Xe nuclei at 1st phase started in 2011
With a little improvement of the detector and Xe loaded into the liquid scintillator KamLAND aims to understand
the nature of neutrinos The status and development of this experiment will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 75
Po-23
Simulations on Dynamics of Wormlike Micellar System
Using Particle-Field Hybrid Models
Masatoshi Toda
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Surfactant molecules eg cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) self-assemble reversibly into long and
flexible micelles in the presence of certain salts eg sodium salicylate (NaSal) [1] Such micelles are generally
called ldquowormlike micellesrdquo or ldquoliving polymersrdquo and known to show pronounced viscoelastic properties due to the
relaxation of intermicellar entanglements For example in the linear viscoelastic regime they can show the
exponential relaxation characterized by the single relaxation time [2] This behavior is very different from that of
entangled polymeric systems which have a broad spectrum of the entanglement relaxation modes In a steady shear
flow (nonlinear regime) they can also show shear-induced phase separations called ldquoshear bandingrdquo [3] The
detailed molecular origins of these interesting rheological properties have not yet been understood
In order to investigate rheological properties of wormlike micellar systems we propose particle-field hybrid
models which treat wormlike micellar chains as discrete particles and a solvent part as a continuous field The
method will enable us to simulate large-scale systems more efficiently than conventional particle-based methods
eg Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) [4]
We will report details of our models and several results by computer simulations on the models
References
[1] I W Hamley Introduction to Soft Matter (Wiley 2007)
[2] T Shikata H Hirata T Kotaka Langmuir 3 1081 (1987) 4 354 (1988) 5 398 (1989)
[3] M E Cates S M Fielding Adv Phys 55 799 (2006)
[4] P J Hoogerbrugge J M V A Koelman Europhys Lett 19 155 (1992)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
76 |
Po-24
Magneto-dielectric phenomena in charge ordered system
with frustrated geometrical lattice
Makoto Naka (D2) Sumio Ishihara
Physics Tohoku University
Electronic ferroelectricity is known as phenomenon where electric polarization is attributed to the charge order
without inversion symmetry This is seen in some transition metal oxides eg RFe2O4 (R is a rare earth ion) and
charge-transfer organic salts In LuFe2O4 magneto-dielectric phenomena such as increasing of electric polarization
around magnetic ordering temperature observed and are investigated experimentally and theoretically [1] Quasi
2- -(ET)2Cu2(CN)3 -ET salts of which two ET molecules construct a
dimerized pair and are located on a triangular lattice These compounds are known as a so-called dimer-Mott
insulator because one hole exists in each dimer Because of nearly isotropic triangular lattice and the geometrical
frustration novel spin liquid state is expected to appear Recently it is reported that the increase of dielectric
constant is experimentally observed below 60K This indicates the presence of ferro (or anti-ferro) electric
transition The electric polarization is thought to be generated by a localized hole in one side of ET molecules in
dimers [2]
We present a theory of magneto-dielectric phenomena in electronic ferroelectricity in RFe2O4 -ET salt
-ET salts we treat an electric dipole as a pseudo spin and derive the effective model
Hamiltonian where the inter-dimer transfer integrals and the Coulomb interactions are introduced in a triangular
lattice We analyze this model by utilizing the mean-field approximation and the classical Monte-Carlo simulation
We found that the magnetodielectric phenomena originate from spin-charge coupling and geometrical frustration
We also suggest that charge degree of freedom controls the magnetic ordered and disordered states
References
[1] M Naka A Nagano and S Ishihara Phys Rev B 77 224441 (2008)
[2] T Sasaki et al (unpublished)
[3] M Naka and S Ishihara (in preparation)
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 77
Po-25
Pi-mesonic decays of Λ hypernuclei
Yoji Nakagawa
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
78 |
Po-26
Axionic Mirage Mediation
Shuntaro Nakamura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Although the mirage mediation is one of the most plausible mediation mechanisms of supersymmetry
breaking it suffers from two crucial problems One is the muB mu-problem and the second is the cosmological
one The former stems from the fact that the B parameter tends to be comparable with the gravitino mass which is
two order of magnitude larger than the other soft masses The latter problem is caused by the decay of the modulus
whose branching ratio into the gravitino pair is sizable In this talk we propose a model of mirage mediation in
which Peccei-Quinn symmetry is incorporated
In this axionic mirage mediation it is shown that the Peccei-Quinn symmetry breaking scale is dynamically
determined around 10^10 GeV to 10^12 GeV due to the supersymmetry breaking effects and the
mu-problem can be solved naturally Furthermore in our model the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) is the
axino that is the superpartner of the axion The overabundance of the LSPs due to decays of modulusgravitino
which is the most serious cosmological difficulty in the mirage mediation can be avoided if the axino is
sufficiently light The next-LSPs (NLSPs) produced by the gravitino eventually decay into the axino LSPs yielding
the dominant component of the axinos remaining today It is shown that the axino with the mass of O(100) MeV is
naturally realized which can constitute the dark matter of the Universe with the free-streaming length of the order
of 01 Mpc The saxion the real scalar component of the axion supermultiplet can also be cosmologically harmless
due to the dilution of the modulus decay The lifetime of NLSP is relatively long but much shorter than 1 sec
when the big-bang nucleosynthesis commences The decay of NLSP would provide intriguing collider signatures
Po-27
The Study of the Origin of Lyman alpha Emitters
with Large Equivalent Widths
Yuki Nakamura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Through the last decade searches for high-redshift Lyman alpha emitters (LAE) by narrow-band imaging have
been conducted extensively In these surveys the LAEs with very large equivalent width (EW) are studied with
much interest (egMalhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Fujita et al 2003 Hu et al 2004 Dawson et al 2004 Saito et al
2006 Shimasaku et al 2006 Gronwall et al 2007 Ouchi et al 2008 Nilsson et al 2009) as they may be related
with extremely young or metal-poor stars or any other signatures of he very early phase of galaxy formation
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 79
(Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Schaerer 2003) Among the LAEs identified by spectroscopic observation 10-40 have
the large rest-frame equivalent width EW0≦240Å at z=31 (Ouchi et al 2008)
What are the origins of these large EW objects More than a few ideas have been discussed such as
photoionization by extremely hot stars cooling radiation from gravitationally heated gas in the collapsed halos
(Steidel et al 2000 Haiman et al 2000 Fardal et al 2001 Yang et al 2006) or shock heating by starburst-driven
galactic wind (Taniguchi amp Shioya 2000 Taniguchi et al 2001 Ohyama et al 2003 Wilman et al 2005) The
effects of HI scattering and dust absorption should also be considered properly in the models
For the case of photoionization by massive stars it is difficult to reproduce Lyman alpha emission larger than
EW0≦240Å by the simple models with constant continuous star-formation rate at the equilibrium phase when the
numbers of ionizing photons become constantly (Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002) Models with top heavy initial mass
function or very metal-poor stars can reproduce EW larger than ~300Å if the age of star formation is younger than
a fewtimes106 yr With the solar metallicity models with Salpeter IMF are difficult to reproduce such large EW even
much younger age less than 1 Myr (Malhotra amp Rhoads 2002 Scaerar 2003) In the most extreme case very high
EW objects (gt500Å) are hard to explain without primordial stars with the metallicity less than 10-5
(eg Malhotra
amp Rhoads 2002 Dijkstra amp Wyithe 2007) It would be even possible to detect signatures of population III (POPIII)
metal-free stars among the extremely large EW LAEs
We present the properties of large EW Lyman-alpha emitters in the high-density region at z=31 in and around
the SSA22 fields (Steidel et al 1998 1999 2000 Hayashino et al 2004 Matsuda et al 2004) We have expanded
the previous narrow-band survey using Sprime-Cam equipped with 82m Subaru Telescope to cover in total of
~14deg2 area (Yamada et al in prep) More than 1400 LAEs down to L~167times10
42 erg s
-1 were detected We focus
on the equivalent width distributions of these LAEs to characterize the high density region of LAEs where galaxy
formation seems to occur preferentially at the epoch
Po-28
Ultrafast broadband THz response of photo-induced metallic state
in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF )2I3
H Nakaya1 Y Takahashi
1 S Iwai
12 K Yamamoto
3 K Yakushi
3 and S Saito
4
1 Department of Physics Tohoku University Sendai 980-8578 Japan
2 JST-CREST Sendai 980-8578 Japan
3 Institute for Molecular Science Okazaki 444-8585 Japan
4 Institute of Information and Communications Technology Kobe 651-2492 Japan
Photo-induced insulator to metal transition in charge ordered insulator -(BEDT-TTF)2I3
(BEDT-TTF[bis(ethylenedithio)]tetrathiafulvalene) has been investigated using mid-IR pump-probe [1-3] and
near-IR pump-terahertz(THz) probe spectroscopy [4] However the measurement range of THz spectroscopy was
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
80 |
very narrow (2-11 meV) In this study spectral range was extended to 2-36 meV (05-9 THz)
Figure 1 shows that transient absorption (OD) spectra observed for excitation intensity (089 eV 001 mJcm2)
at 124 K OD spectrum at 08 ps has a broad absorption increase exhibiting generation of the metallic state
Moreover marked change of the phonon structure at 16 meV (arrow) was detected immediately after excitation We
will discuss the low energy carrier and lattice dynamics based on the time evolution of the broad THz spectrum
[1] Iwai et al Phys Rev Lett 98 097402 (2007)
[2] Iwai et al Phys Rev B 77 125131 (2008)
[3] Yamamoto et al J Phys Soc Jpn 77 074709(2008)
[4] Nakaya et alUltrafast Phenomena XVI 173 (2008)
Po-29
Ring-Exchange interaction in Orbital Degenerate System
J Nasu (D2) S Ishihara
Department of Physics Tohoku University
Orbital degree of freedom is one of the recent attractive themes in transition-metal oxides In contrast to the spin
degree of freedom the inter-site interaction between the orbitals is anisotropic in the real space As a result a kind
of frustration termed orbital frustration is brought about A doubly degenerate eg orbital are represented by the
pseudo-spin (PS) operator T and the orbital interaction is described by the nearest neighbor (NN) exchange
interaction between PSs Due to the orbital frustration there is a macroscopic number of degeneracy in the classical
ground state This degeneracy is lifted by the thermal and quantum fluctuations This is known to be the so-called
ldquoorder by fluctuationrdquo mechanism However the NN interaction based on the perturbation with respect to the
electron transfer is not sufficient in the system which is close to the metal-insulator transition
In this study we examine the ring-exchange interaction in the orbital degenerate system with strong electron
correlation First we derive the effective Hamiltonian from the two-orbital Hubbard model by the perturbational
processes up to the order of (tU)4 where t is hopping integral of an electron and U is inter-orbital Coulomb
interaction on the same site This effective Hamiltonian has not only an interaction between NN PSs but also the
ring-exchange interaction It is worth to note this ring-exchange term includes the octupole operator Ty which does
not appear in the conventional effective Hamiltonian for orbital We analyze this model by the classical
Figure 1 Transient absorption (ΔOD)
spectra observed for excitation intensity
001 mJcm2 at 124 K
0 10 20 30
0
05
1
Fig1 Transient absorption (ΔOD) spectra observed for excitation intensity 001 mJcm2 at 124 K The solid and dashed curve indicate 08 and 25 ps after excitation
124 K
08 ps
Photon Energy (meV)
ΔO
D
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 81
Monte-Carlo method and obtain the phase diagram as functions of temperature and tU In small tU region the
antiferro-type quadrupole (AFQ) order is realized by the thermal fluctuation We find that the canted quadrupole
order is stabilized by the ring-exchange interaction The octupole order appears in large tU region Next to clarify
the quantum effect on the ring-exchange interaction we analyze this model by the Bethe approximation the exact
diagonalization method and the spin-wave approximation We reproduce the AFQ order the canted quadrupole
order and the octupole order In the large tU region we find the quantum para-orbital state which is also confirmed
by the spin-wave approximation
This work is financially supported by Tohoku University Global COE program
Po-30
Shape Memory Effect Induced by Magnetic-Field Rotation
in MnV2O4 Spinel Compound
Yoichi Nii
Physics D1 Tohoku University
In transition metal oxides the orbital degree of freedom plays an important role in their physical phenomena
Spinel compounds are one of the typical systems to study the orbital physics in which the orbital state often gives
rise to much more interesting properties through a possible coupling with both lattice and spin degrees of freedom
MnV2O4 is a representative spinel compound where the orbital-spin coupling is predicted to exist in the nearly
triply degenerate t2g orbital at V3+
sites In this compound a structural phase transition from cubic to tetragonal
(agtc) occurs at Ts = 57K accompanying a ferrimagnetic transition [1] Even above Ts the structural phase
transition can also be induced by the application of a magnetic field via the spin-orbit coupling Below Ts the
tetragonal domain can be aligned by a magnetic field [1] In this research the distribution of the cubic and the three
types of tetragonal domains (c[100]cubic [010]cubic [001]cubic) has been controlled by the combination of
magnetic-field sweep and rotation By rotating the magnetic field from [100]c to [010]c below Ts a single
tetragonal-domain state with c[100]cubic successfully switched to another single-domain state with c[010]cubic By
oscillating the magnetic field direction between [100]cubic to [010]cubic the system showed a strain-angle hysteresis
loop In addition a multi-domain state of these two tetragonal domains is also obtained in a tetragonal phase
induced by a magnetic field along [110]cubic at 57K Combining these processes a magnetic-field induced shape
memory effect without temperature variation has been successfully demonstrated
[1] T Suzuki K Katsumura K Taniguchi T Arima and T Katsufuji Phys Rev Lett 98 127203 (2007)
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
82 |
Po-31
The ω meson photoproduction on the nucleon in the threshold region
Ryo HASHIMOTO
Physics D3 Tohoku University
The ω meson is one of the vector meson its spin parity is 1―
Studying near-threshold ω- meson
photoproduction is interesting theme to search for new baryon resonance states Recently the CLAS
collaboration reported that a missing baryon state JP = 52
+ contributes to ω- photoproduction around incident
photon energy of 2 GeV Paying attention to other vector meson production near threshold region the anomaly
of the cross section near threshold region is observed for φ-photoproduction by the CLAS collaboration A local
maximum appeared around Eγ = 2 GeV It is interesting that such a local peak is observed or not observed for
ω- photoproduction The detailed cross section data is needed for these investigations Currently there are a few
data of ω-photoproduction cross section We measure it from threshold up to 1145 MeV
We have already done some experiments with 4π EM calorimeter complex FOREST at Gev-γ experimental hall
in Laboratory of Nuclear Science (now Research Center of electron Photon Science) 750 ndash 1150 MeV
bremsstrahlung photon is exposed to a cryogenic liquid H2D2 target We detect 3 photons decayed from ω meson
generated in the reaction of γN rarrωN ω rarr π0γ rarr 3γ and measure their energy and out-going direction for
reconstruct an invariant mass In a π0γ invariant mass distribution we can find an ω meson peak clearly
The invariant mass of π0γ
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 83
P0-32
Prototype fast imaging detector for YN-scattering
Ryotaro Honda
Physics M1Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
84 |
Po-33
Ground state phase diagram of graphene in a high Landau level
A density matrix renormalization group study
Tatsuya Higashi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 85
Po-34
Investigation of the n ( K0) reaction near the threshold
KFutatsukawa for the NKS2 collaboration D3
Department of Physics Tohoku University Japan
Kaon photoproductions play an important role in the investigation of meson-baryon coupling the structure of
hadrons and search for missing resonances The n ( K0 is a unique process and a key for the investigation on
kaon photoproductions The reactions are (1) since no charge is involved in the initial and final state the t-channel
Born term doesnrsquot contribute (2) since it is the mirror channel of p ( K reaction the coupling constant of the 0
exchange in u-channel change its opposite sign
Therefore we have constructed the Neutral Kaon Spectrometer (NKS2) at the Laboratory of Nuclear Science
Tohoku University (LNS-Tohoku) which can provide tagged photons near the threshold of this reaction NKS2
consists of a dipole magnet with 042 Tesla at the center and TOF counters two types of drift chambers The target
is a liquid deuterium for the investigation into the elementary process of the n ( K0 reaction The acceptance of
NKS2 covers the very forward region making it possible to measure much larger kinematical region for K0 and to
provide the angular distribution for the comparison of the theoretical calculations NKS2 has the large acceptance
against not only +
- decay mode from K
0 but also p
- decay mode from It makes possible to measure the K
0
coincidence events Thus we can provide the cross sections of not only the single K0 events but also the K
0
coincidence events
We will present the performance of NKS2 in detail and preliminary results of the K0 coincidence events in this
contribution
Po-35
Traffic flow of two lanes with a bottleneck
Sho Furuhashi
Physics D2 Tohoku University
Traffic jam is an important problem because it gives the society heavy economic losses In order to untie it we
have to understand traffic currents on road networks Many people have studied traffic currents on road networks
with models There are many models which represent traffic currents Cellular automaton (CA) model is a simple
model of them On a one dimensional lane a fundamental diagram of this model a relation between traffic flow
and vehicle density shows a similar characteristic of actual observed traffic currents Because of this similarity it is
a simple way to use CA model on road networks But road networks are more complex than one dimensional lanes
We have a question whether CA model is suitable for road networks or not
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
86 |
A road network is drawn by representing an intersection as a node and a road as a link When we think the traffic
currents of road networks intersections have important effects At an intersection cars on a lane block cars on the
other lanes So an intersection is recognized as a bottleneck Road network consists of bottlenecks We have to
research the effects of bottlenecks to understand the traffic currents of road networks
We study a traffic current of a simple bottleneck It is a two-lane circuit a part of which is one lane In this
system cyclic changes of the passing direction are observed Many people have studied this system with CA model
and got some results But they have not compared the traffic current of CA model on this system with an actual
traffic current So we do this comparison and check the utility of this model If this utility is confirmed it is a
proper way to use this model on road networks
Actual traffic currents were recorded at two points a corner of a road surrounding the Sendai Castle and the
Ryuujin Bridge near Kurogami Campus of Kumamoto University with a video camera The number of lanes is
reduced from two to one at these points We compared these records with the current of CA model by using a
distribution and a cycle correlation of the number of passing cars in a cycle of changes of the passing direction
The results are as follows Their distributions are exponential distributions They show no cycle correlation
From these results we can say that they are under Poisson Process and CA model reproduces an actual traffic
current
However a problem is left It is whether we can get same result in larger traffic volume or not To say that CA
model is suitable for the traffic current on road networks we have to confirm that we get same result regardless of
traffic volume This is an issue which remains to be solved
Po-36
Staggered Order with Kondo and Crystalline Field Singlets
in f2 System
Shintaro Hoshino Junya Otsuki and Yoshio Kuramoto
Department of Physics Tohoku University
With two localized f-electrons per site as in the case with Pr and U compounds the ground state of a solid can
be a collection of crystalline electric field (CEF) singlets plus the Fermi sea of conduction electrons If the
f-electrons interact strongly with conduction electrons the ground state can also be a collective Kondo singlet
Competition between these two singlets may give rise to rich physics with exotic ordered phases We propose a
novel staggered order of these two kinds of singlets by using a model with CEF singlet-triplet states and conduction
electrons which are connected together by the Kondo coupling We have performed highly accurate numerical
calculations using the dynamical mean-field theory combined with the continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo
method With one conduction electron per site we have found a metal-insulator transition temperature below which
the staggered singlet order emerges
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 87
The figure shows the local density of states in the ordered phase It shows a peak below the Fermi level at a
sublattice for Kondo singlet and a vacant peak at another sublattice for CEF singlet This indicates that the
conduction electrons gather at the Kondo singlet site in order to screen localized moments These two peaks add up
to a double peaked structure as in Kondo insulators We discuss possible relevance of the results to understanding
actual systems such as PrFe4P12 and URu2Si2
Figure Local density of states at the (a) Kondo singlet site and (b) CEF singlet site The band width of conduction
electrons is given by 2D
Po-37
Proton elastic scattering of 9C at 290 MeV
Yohei Matsuda
Physics Assistant professor Tohoku University
In order to understand nuclear properties it is important to get information on various shapes of unstable nuclei
as density distributions Therefore it has been expected to measure proton elastic scattering on unstable nuclei at
intermediate energies In particular the incident energies around 300 MeVnucleon are the most suitable because
the proton has the longest mean free path in nuclei For several years we have been developing an apparatus that
consists of beam detectors a solid hydrogen target and recoil proton detectors And we performed these
experiments which were the first at the energy region at the HIMAC facility in the NIRS
As for these experiments we focused on isotopes of carbon because the mass number varies widely from 9 to 22
and density distributions are different dramatically Among these 9C has two characteristics because of its small
proton separation energy (13 MeV) and no bound excited state One is a candidate of a proton halo nucleus and the
other is an experimental advantage that it is possible to separate elastic scattering events from inelastic scattering
events by charge identification of scattering particles Then we chose 9C as the first object
The differential cross section for 9C at 290 MeV is obtained in the momentum transfer region of 1 to 2 fm
-1 The
absolute value is determined by measuring proton elastic and inelastic scattering to the first 2+ excited state of
12C
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
88 |
at 410 MeVnucleon Error bars include systematic and statistical errors and the latter mainly contribute to the
uncertainty Compared with 12
C data the angular distribution does not show a clear diffraction minimum
In the present study the angular distribution is compared with microscopic model calculations Optical model
description is performed with the RIA and the G-matrix approximation Description of nuclear structure is done
with the RMF and the AMD The unclear diffraction minimum is comparatively reproduced by the RMF It is
considered that this reproduction is derived from that the tail of the proton distribution grows longer than that of the
AMD result Though more detailed discussion could be done in comparison with more backscattering data a lack
of data and an inaccurateness of nuclear reaction models at the angle make it difficult In future it is desired to
improve these two points
Po-38
High Resolution and High Statistics Λ Hypernuclear Spectroscopy
by the (e ersquoK+) Reaction
Akihiko Matsumura
Physics D3 Tohoku University
Λ hypernuclear spectroscopy by the (eersquoK+) reaction is a powerful tool to investigate ΛN interaction because
this reaction excites various states up to deep inside of hypernucleus and sub-MeV resolution can be achieved
thanks to the high quality primary electron beam from CEBAF at Jefferson laboratory (JLab) The second
generation hypernuclear spectroscopy at JLab Hall C E01-011 was successfully performed in the summer of 2005
introducing High resolution Kaon Spectrometer (HKS) and a new configuration for scattered electron spectrometer
These unique techniques significantly improved both energy resolution and hypernuclear tagging efficiency and we
succeeded to study various hypernuclei
12
ΛB precise p-shell hypernuclear structures were measured and the binding energy and cross section were
compared with the shell model calculation with DWIA
28
ΛAl The first hypernuclear spectroscopy beyond the p-shell by the (eersquoK+) reaction was executed and
major shell structures were observed The results were compared with the shell model calculation with DWIA
7ΛHe The first spectroscopic investigation of
7ΛHe which is one of the unique neutron rich hypernuclear by
(eersquoK+) reaction was carried out successfully The result provides new information on ΛΣ coupling and charge
symmetry breaking
with high resolution and sufficient statistics for the first time by this reaction The analysis is now in the final stage
and systematic errors of binding energy and cross section were estimated with a help of the detailed Monte Carlo
simulation The overview and the analysis result of E01-011 experiment will be presented
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 89
Po-39
External Gamma-ray Backgrounds of the KamLAND Detector
Yukie Minekawa
Physics D2 Tohoku University
The KamLAND detector is a scintillation detector for neutrino measurement located in the Kamioka mine It
consists of the inner detector with radius of 9 meters and the outer detector The inner detector has 1000 tons liquid
scintillator at the center and it is a detection part of neutrino events
The liquid scintillatior is surrounded by mountain rocks and the KamLAND components such as PMTs EVOH
films Kevlar strings stainless and so on They contain some amount of radioactive impurities Their radiations are
detected by KamLAND and are backgrounds of neutrino events Especially gamma rays are serious since they
travel long distance A lot of them are able to get into the liquid scintillator
It needs to estimate the amounts of these backgrounds and their position dependences in order to distinguish
neutrino events This requires simulations of radiations with the detector geometry considered
For these simulations geant4 a tool for particle simulations is used The radiations are generated from each
surroundings and their energy deposits are constructed as events detected in KamLAND Compared with
KamLAND data the amounts of the backgrounds from surroundings are be able to estimated Their position
dependences enable us to know the effects of them in the fiducial volume
Po-40
Higgs Triplet Model
Yusuke Motoki
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Standard Model (SM) of particle physics is one of the most successful theory Most of the collider
experiment result can be explained in the framework of the SM However in 1998 Super-Kamiokande
experiment discovered that the neutrinos have very small masses In the SM the neutrinos are massless
particles We must consider the new model which the neutrinos have masses In the Higgs Triplet Model (HTM)
which is simplest extension of SM a complex SU(2) triplet scalar field with the hypercharge Y = 2 is added to
SM Lagrangian in order to have the neutrino masses This model generates the Majorana neutrino masses via
the Yukawa couplings of the triplet scalar field Yukawa couplings of triplet scalar field product lepton flavor
violating decays and etc The decays are searched for at the B
factory
A distinctive point in the HTM is that doubly charged Higgs bosons exists The decays of this particles are
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
90 |
particular processes If doubly charged Higgs bosons mass is relatively light it will be produced at the CERN
Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
In this Poster Session Irsquod like to explain the relations between the HTM and collider experiments
Po-41
Electron diffraction study of the low temperature phase of
Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16
Daisuke Morikawa
Physics D1 Tohoku University
Recently the high quality single crystal of Hollandite-type oxide K2Cr8O16 has been successfully made by
high-pressure synthesis and the metal-insulator transition keeping ferromagnetism was formed at 95K [1] This
phenomenon is very rare in the strongly-correlated electron materials The crystal structure of the low temperature
phase and the origin of the metal-insulator phase transition have been unclear yet The purpose of this study is to
examine the phase transition at the nano-scale area of K2Cr8O16 using Convergent-beam electron diffraction
(CBED) and Selected-area electron diffraction (SAED)
Single crystals of K2Cr8O16 were prepared by Mr Hasegawa and Prof Ueda ISSP University of Tokyo using
high-pressure synthesis The electron diffraction experiments were conducted using a JEM-2010FEF transmission
electron microscope equipped with an in-column omega-type energy filter Intensities of electron diffraction were
recorded on imaging plate The accelerating voltage of electron microscope was 100kV The electron diffraction
patterns were obtained at specimen temperature of 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Figure 1 shows energy-filtered CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
In this figure Zeroth order Laue zone (ZOLZ) reflections are shown It is clearly shown that the structure transition
is not occurred at low temperature phase The [001] [111] and [201] incidence SAED patterns were also taken and
shows no structure transition at low temperature
[1] K Hasegawa et al Phys Rev Lett 103 146403 (2009)
Figure 1 The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively Every patterns show m symmetry
and there no difference
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 91
Po-42
Light scattering by collective excitation of phonon
in quantum paraelectrics
Ryuta Takano
Physics D1 Tohoku University
SrTiO3 and KTaO3 are typical perovskite-type oxides The polarization arrangement in these materials is thought
to be disturbed by the zero point vibration though they have a ferroelectric phonon mode that softens at the Γ point
As a result they do not undergo a ferroelectric phase transition so these materials are often called Quantum
paraelectrics The normal phonon-phonon scattering where the momentum is conserved is thought to become
predominant at the Γ point due to the anharmonic interaction between the long wave-length phonons of the soft
transverse optic and the acoustic modes Gurevich and Tagantsev expected the existence of the second-sound wave
(compression wave of the phonon gas) from the above-mentioned speculation in SrTiO3 and KTaO3 [1] We have
observed a scattered peak that looked like the sound wave (which was called Broad doublet (BD)) at 30K or less in
SrTiO3 and at 20K or less in KTaO3 in our low frequency light scattering experiment [Figure 1] Since the origin of
the BD is still controversial it is important to understand more systematically the collective excitation of phonon
by the analysis on low frequency elementary excitation in quantum paraelectrics Therefore we aimed to
understand the temperature dependence of the relaxation times (τNτR) of the ldquoNormal processrdquo (in which the
momentum is preserved in the phonon-phonon scattering) and the ldquoResistive processrdquo (of considering all scattering
that contributes to dissipative energy transport by phonon and lattice imperfection or impurities) from the spectrum
analysis based on the extended thermodynamics [2]
Figure 2 shows the temperature dependences of τN and τR determined by fitting that uses the extended
thermodynamics The horizontal and vertical axes measure the temperature and the angular frequency respectively
Both axes are logarithmically scaled ω0 denotes the natural frequency of the second-sound wave The conclusion
from the analysis is as the followings
1 A narrow quasi-elastic scattering component in the high temperature region is a light scattering spectrum by
thermal diffusion It has been understood that the frequency of the resistive process falls when lowering the
temperature in SrTiO3 and this thermal diffusion mode (the second-sound wave that over dumped) shifts to the
second-sound wave (propagating mode)
2 It cannot be said that the phonon gas is in the state of the collective excitation in the observation scale of the
actual experiment It should be interpreted that the observed BD for KTaO3 only as the second order Raman
scattering involving pairs of individual phonons
[1] VLGurevich and AKTagantsev Sov Phys JETP 67 206 (1988)
[2] Djou JCasas-Vacuteazquez and GLebon Extended Irreversible thermodynamics (Springer 2001) 3rd ed
Figure The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Every patterns show m symmetry and there no difference
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
92 |
Figure 1 Light scattering spectrum of SrTiO3 and KTaO3 Figure 2 Temperature dependence of τN and τR
Po-43
Formation of the Milky Way Based on the Analysis of Kinematics and
Chemical Abundance of the Outer Halo Stars
Miho Ishigaki
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
How galaxies in the Universe came into existence remains one of the big questions in astronomy It is now
widely recognized that our own Milky Way (MW) Galaxy serves as a unique laboratory to examine mechanisms at
which our Galaxy as well as galaxies in general formed and evolved One important advantage of studying our
Galaxy is that because of its proximity one can measure position velocity and chemical abundance of individual
stars in the solar neighborhood which can be used as a fossil record of the early Galaxy
As an attempt to constrain how our Galaxy formed we study chemical abundance of old stars whose orbits
reach the outer part of the Galactic stellar halo Because of their unusual orbital velocity these outer halo stars are
considered as possible candidates for debris of small galaxies that have been disrupted either partly or totally
during the course of accretion on to the MW in the past In the poster we present the results of our abundance
analysis for the sample of 57 outer halo stars using the data obtained with High-Dispersion Spectrograph mounted
on the Subaru telescope Our detailed abundance results for the key elements including Magnesium Calcium Iron
etc support the hypothesis that the certain fraction of the MW outer stellar halo have built up by accretions of
smaller galaxies as previously suggested from studies based on lower resolution spectral data
Figure The CBED patterns taken with [100] incidence at 300K 90K and 20K respectively
Every patterns show m symmetry and there no difference
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 93
Po-44
Searching for Luminous Core-Collapsed Supernovae
in a High-z Proto-Cluster
Nana Morimoto
Astronomy D1 Tohoku University
It has been revealed that SSA22 region at redshift z=31 is an extremely high density region of LAEs (LyA
emitters) In addition to this star formation in this region is supposed to be biased to very large mass from the
evidence such as a large number of large LyA EW objects Therefore core-collapsed supernovae (SNe) of massive
stars are expected to occur frequently in this region While SNe has not been detected beyond zgt2 to date it is very
important not only to detect core-collapsed SNe at z=31 but also to obtain any useful information to understand
star formation in early universe So we estimated the expectation of observing core-collapsed SNe in SSA22 region
at z=31 based on our own sample of star-forming galaxies and carried out preliminary observations and data
analysis to search for variable objects to investigate the detectability of core-collapsed SNe at high-z by searching
for variability of LAEs in this region
Po-45
A Study of Light Curves from Rapidly Rotating Neutron Stars
Kazutoshi Numata
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
The launch of the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) brought many discoveries in the physics of neutron
stars Periodic millisecond X-ray oscillations have been detected in 22 accreting neutron stars in low-mass X-ray
binary systems (hereafter we refer to these accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar as AMXPs) Accretion-powered
millisecond oscillations have so far been detected in 10 AMXPs The oscillation can be always detected in 7
AMXPs of 10 AMXPs and 3 others can be detected intermittently
The light curves for X-rays emitted from neutron stars have various information which are the stars radius
mass spin frequency inner structure of the stars circumstellar region observer inclination and so on We mainly
consider AMXPs and compare their properties to light curves calculated by assumed models
AMXPs have several properties The main properties are small amplitudes sinusoidal pulse shapes variable
oscillation amplitudes variable pulse phases The fractional rms amplitudes of the accretion powered oscillation are
about 1-2 in most AMXPs And observed light curves have nearly sinusoidal pulse shapes and the fractional rms
amplitudes of fundamental is usually tenth times larger than first overtone component
Andersson (1998) proposed that r-mode are excited by gravitational wave radiation R-modes are waves
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
94 |
propagated in neutron stars So it is important to think r-mode on surface of the neutron star Therefore we use the
model of R-mode plus hot spot model (RS model) to calculate light curves from the neutron stars This model is a
new model There have been models to assume only r-modes and to assume only hot spots so far but there have
never been models that r-modes and hot spots are assumed simultaneously
The hot spot locate on the surface of the neutron star and dont interact with r-mode thermally This r-mode is
the wave in a rotating and magnetized neutron star (Lee 2009) The neutron star is assumed to be threaded by a
dipole magnetic field which strength B0 at the surface is 1010
G This strength of 1010
G is typically value in
low-mass X-ray binary systems It is calculated in a neutron star model composed of a fluid ocean a solid crust
and a fluid core The fluid core is treated to be non-magnetic to assume that magnetic pressure is much smaller than
the gas pressure there
In addition to fitting to the present observation we researched what light curves can be observed And we also
researched whether we can detect the oscillation due to r-mode if it exist in neutron stars We found that its
detectability is strong enough in present observation accuracy The oscillation have never observed yet But if it is
detected information about neutron stars inner structure will be also derived
Po-46
CMB Bispectrum from the Second-Order Cosmological Perturbations
Daisuke Nitta
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
We calculate the bispectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature anisotropies induced
by the second-order fluctuations in the Boltzmann equation In this poster we consider the terms that are products
of the first-order perturbations and leave intrinsically second-order terms and perturbations in the recombination
history
We show that the bispectrum has the maximum signal in the squeezed triangles similar to the local-type
primordial bispectrum as both types generate non-linearities via products of the first-order terms in position space
However detailed calculations show that their shapes are sufficiently different the cross-correlation coefficient
reaches 05 at the maximum multipole of l_max~ 200 and then weakens to 03 at l_max~ 2000 The
differences in shape arise from (i) the way the acoustic oscillations affect the bispectrum and (ii) the second-order
effects not being scale-invariant This implies that the contamination of the primordial bispectrum due to the
second-order effects (from the products of the first-order terms) is small The expected signal-to-noise ratio of the
products of the first-order terms is ~ 04 at l_max~ 2000 for a full-sky cosmic variance limited experiment
We therefore conclude that the products of the first-order terms may be safely ignored in the analysis of the
future CMB experiments The expected contamination of the local-form f_NL is f^local_NL~ 09 at
l_max~ 200 and f^local_NL~ 05 at l_max~ 2000
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 95
Po-47
General Properties of Non-Radial Pulsations
Aprilia
Astronomy D3 Tohoku University
Po-48
A Study on Mathematical Fuzzy Logic
Ahmad Termimi Bin Ab Ghani
Mathematical institute Tohoku University
We study some important properties of mathematical fuzzy logic based on the logical systems BL and BLforall
(basic fuzzy propositional and predicate logic) such as computational complexity of fuzzy propositional calculi We
also discuss arithmetical complexity issues which treat the degrees of undecidability of fuzzy predicate calculi
Finally we investigate some open problems concerning the arithmetical complexity on monadic logic and the
corresponding Σ1-completeness (Π1- completeness)
Reference
[1] Haacutejek P Godo L Esteva F A complete many-valued logic with product conjunction Arch Math Logic 35
(1996) 191-208
[2] Haacutejek P Metamathematics of fuzzy logic Kluwer 1998
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
96 |
[3] Haacutejek P Fuzzy logic and arithmetical hierarchy III Studia logica 68 (2001) 129-142
[4] Haacutejek P Monadic fuzzy predicate logic Studia logica 71 (2002) 165-175
Po-49
Some space-time integrability estimates of the solution for heat
equations in two dimension
Norisuke Ioku Mathematical institute Tohoku University
Po-50
Well-posedness for Navier-Stokes equations in modulation spaces with
negative derivative indices
Tsukasa Iwabuchi
Mathematical institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 97
Po-51
The soul conjecture for Riemannian orbifolds
Naoki Oishi
Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
In 1994 Perelman solved the Cheeger-Gromoll soul conjecture ldquoIf a smooth non-compact complete Riemannian
manifold M of nonnegative curvature has positive curvature at a point then its soul is an one point set
Consequently M is diffeomorphic to a Euclidean spacerdquo But he couldnt generalize the theorem to Alexandrov
spaces We show an analogous result to the theorem for Riemannian orbifolds which belong to Alexandrov spaces
Po-52
A new approach to the existence of harmonic maps
Toshiaki Omori
Mathematical Institute D2 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
98 |
Po-53
Stability of the interface of a Hele-Shaw flow with two injection points
Michiaki Onodera
Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 99
Po-54
THE ISOMORPHISM BETWEEN MOTIVIC COHOMOLOGY AND K-GROUPS FOR EQUI-CHARACTERISTIC REGULAR LOCAL
RINGS
Yuki Kato
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-55
Bifurcations in semilinear elliptic equations on thin domains
Toru Kan
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-56
ON THE CURVATURE OF THE PSEUDO-VOLUME FORM
DEFINING THE CARATH_EODORY MEASURE
HYPERBOLICITY
Shin Kikuta
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
100 |
Po-57
Goumldels Incompleteness Theorem Recursively Axiomatizable Theories
and Medvedev Degrees of Unsolvability
Takayuki Kihara
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 101
Po-58
Hypergeometric series on a p-adic field
Kensaku Kinjo
Mathematical Institute Tohoku Univercity D2
Po-59
On Hasse principle of purely transcendental extension field
in one variable
Makoto Sakagaito
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
The map from the Brauer group of a global field to the product of the Brauer groups of the completions (the
local-global map) is known to be injective This classical result is called the Hasse principle In the case of positive
characteristic global fields are algebraic function fields in one variable over finite fields Related to this classical
result I studied the question of whether the Hasse principle holds in the case where the field is a purely transcendental
extension in one variable of any field Assuming a certain property of the edge map of a certain Leray spectral
sequence I ascertained the result that the local-global map of a purely transcendental extension field restricted to a
certain subgroup is injective In the case where m is a natural number prime to the characteristic of the ground field
the subgroup contains the m-torsion-part of the Brauer group of the purely transcendental extension field In the case
where the ground field is a perfect field the subgroup coincides with the Brauer group of the purely transcendental
extension field
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
102 |
Po-60
Large time behavior of solutions for system
of nonlinear damped wave equations
Hiroshi Takeda Mathematical Institute D3 Tohoku University
We consider the Cauchy problem for a system of semilinear damped wave equations with small initial dataWe
derive the asymptotic profile of the nonlinear system corresponding to the results for the nonlinear single equation
and we obtain the sufficient condition of the growth order on the nonlinear term to ensure the existence of the
solution with the optimal decay Our proof is based on the analysis for the fundamental solutions of the linear
damped wave equation
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 103
Po-61
Non-abelian generalization of Iwasawa theory
Kazuaki Tajima
Mathematical Institute D1 Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
104 |
Po-62
The quadratic subextension of the class field of a real quadratic field
Toshihide Doi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-63
Pattern formation by receptor-based models for regeneration
experiments on Hydra
Madoka Nakayama
Mathematical Institute D2 Tohoku University
Hydra is a small animal living in fresh water which is best known for its ability of regeneration When a hydra is
cut into two pieces two hydras will regenerate There has been several mathematical models proposed to describe
this experiment A classical model proposed by Gierer and Meinhardt in 1972 is based on the idea of diffusion-
driven instability between two chemicals called activator and inhibitor Recently Anna Marciniak proposed new
regeneration models from a more biologically refined viewpoint Her models consist of free and bound receptors
ligands and an enzyme and a head is formed at place of higher bound receptor concentration We discuss stability of
its stationary solutions It turns out that the mechanism producing non-trivial spatial patterns has a similarity with that
of MacWilliams reaction diffusion model
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 105
Po-64
The computational methods of canonical heights on elliptic curve
Tadahisa Nara
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Heights of points is numerical size of the points for certain arithmetic Canonical height is one of heights which
is defined on elliptic curves Studying canonical heights gives us information about structure of Mordell-Weil
groups In general canonical height is defined as a limit and it is not easy to compute it In the poster we introduce
more practical methods for computation by Tate and Silverman which are considered to be suitable for also
uniform estimate For an application of that we consider generators on some families of elliptic curves
Po-65
Spatial branching process in random environment
Nishimori Yasuhito
Mathematical Institute D1 Tohoku University
Po-66
On a periodic decomposition of meromorphic functions
Takanao Negishi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
106 |
Po-67
Difficulties of solving problems
Kojiro Higuchi
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 107
Po-68
Undecidability and weak theory of concatenation
Yoshihiro Horihata
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Po-69
Daviesrsquo Conjecture for Pseudo-Schroumldinger Operators and its
Applications to Penalization Problem
Masakuni Matsuura
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
108 |
Po-70
TORSION POINTS OF ABELIAN VARIETIES WITH VALUES IN
INFINITE EXTENSION FIELDS
Yuken Miyasaka
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 109
Po-71
Maximum principle for a biological model related to the motion of
amoebae
Harunori Monobe Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
110 |
Po-72
Asymptotic behaviour of solutions to the drift-diffusion equation
in the whole spaces
Masakazu Yamamoto
Mathematical Institute Tohoku University
We consider the initial value problem for the Nernt-Planck drift-diffusion equation in the whole spaces Our
model is a system of the nonlinear parabolic equation and the Poisson equation The drift-diffusion equation is a
model of the plasma dynamics The solutions of this equation stand for the density of the charges and the electric
potential We study the large-time behavior of the solution to the drift-diffusion equation by deriving the asymptotic
expansion of the solution Especially we discuss the contrast between the odd-dimensional cases and the
even-dimensional cases
Po-73
A study of the idea of systematic knowledge On the relation between
nature and spirit in the organizational view of nature
Fukuko Abe
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In the studies of the humanities and science which have become increasingly technical sophisticated and
interdisciplinary the idea of the assimilation of literature and science attracted growing academic interest in recent
years This idea naturally requires not the aggregate but systematic knowledge accompanied by a philosophy that
addresses the question of what it is that we conceive as knowledge It was the German philosophy as it evolved
during the 18-19th century which based on works on systematic or speculative knowledge attempted to establish
an organizational view of nature becoming known under the notion of natural philosophy Here nature and spirit
which were traditionally conceived as divided notions within the mechanical view on nature were now viewed in a
new light as something unified through life Although modern natural philosophy contains a large number of
difficult questions with regard to its present-day validity this study investigates based on the currents of the
organizational view on nature in contemporary philosophy the relation between nature and spirit in this particular
theoretical notion as well as the systematic knowledge itself which attempts to apprehend such an organizational
whole
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 111
Po-74
Medical technology and surrogate decision-making
Haruka Hikasa
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Consensus-building in science technology generally presumes the autonomous individual With regard to
medical technology it is bioethics which emphasizes the principle of respecting the autonomy of the individual Yet
in the case of some patients only insufficient autonomy is granted or may even be absent Consider for example
newborns suffering a serious illness or patients who are in a persistent vegetative state caused by brain death or
who suffer from dementia or mental illness Thus it appears reasonable to engage in an argumentation in order to
seek specific criteria for surrogate decision-making with regard to such incompetent patients
If a patient is not competent allowing this person to choose or to refuse treatment who should be allowed in what
fashion to make a decision in the interest of this patient In conventional bioethics standards for surrogate
decision-making are often distinguished into substituted judgment (pure autonomy) and decisions judged from what
is conceived to be in the best interest of the patient
It appears to me however that these standards involve ethical problems such as the validity of the precedent
autonomy and evaluation of the potential burden of benefits for the patient In this presentation I wish to discuss
the framework of standards for surrogate decision-making in order to make decisions on behalf of individuals
incompetent to seek decisions on their own
Po-75
Humersquos empiricism and the experimental method of reasoning
Hiromichi Sugawara
Philosophy D1 Tohoku University
David Hume was a Scottish philosopher and historian who lived in the 18th
century Humersquos work is usually
classified as the most significant work in the tradition of empiricism Empiricism is generally defined as the view
according to which knowledge and understanding derives from experience (via the senses) The methodology of
Humersquos inquiry is explicitly described in the subtitle of his famous first work A Treatise of Human Nature Being
an Attempt to Introduce the Experimental Method of Reasoning into Moral Subjects It is said that Humersquos method
of reasoning was influenced by the scientific method applied by Newton articulated in his Philosophiae Naturalis
Principia Mathematica However the influence of Newtonrsquos thought on Hume is not necessarily definite Therefore
it seems to me that Humersquos empiricism remains open to various interpretations Therefore in this presentation I
wish to demonstrate the experimental method of reasoning influenced by Newton and the empirical attitude
initially attempted by Hume
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
112 |
Po-76
Epistemic deference and transmission of knowledge
How should we (non-scientists) acquire warranted beliefs about
scientific propositions
Mariko Nihei
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Suppose I have heard that a quark is a fundamental particle from an expert in particle physics and I believe it is
true even though I do not have direct evidence or a clear notion concerning what a quark is or what counts as a
fundamental particle Then how do I know that a quark is a fundamental particle For non-scientists most of
scientific knowledge would fit this situation But at the same time it is difficult to acquire all relevant evidence
concerning particular situations by ourselves because we do not go through extensive specialized training
Moreover there is too much ldquoscientific knowledgerdquo in the world while at the same time our intellect remains too
limited Thus in this presentation drawing on recent arguments about ldquoepistemic deferencerdquo and transmission of
knowledge between non-scientists and scientists (here esp Hardwig 19851988 Brewer 19982006) I attempt to
demonstrate a possible epistemological scheme for how and when we as non-scientists acquire warranted beliefs
about technical or scientific propositions without possessing evidence for such beliefs by our own ability The
conceptual scheme which I will provide here will be useful for the practice of facilitating scientific communication
Po-77
The Finiteness of Human Beings and the Role of Technology
Ryozo Suzuki
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
Human beings lead a life in uneasiness and search for something reliable Where does this feeling derive from
What does ldquoreliablerdquo refer to
In the first place organisms fight and eat each other ldquoLiferdquo (in German Leben) produces the tissues of itself and
survives after these die Human beings live in the same fashion We fight for survival kill other lives and produce
children who live over the death of their parents Parents seek the ldquodurabilityrdquo or ldquochangelessnessrdquo of themselves in
their children Hegel points out that this intuition (in German Anschauung) maintains the elementary reliability and
easiness of everyday life Therefore it seems that in here we find the reason why our deepest interest in science
technology at present concentrates on reproductive technologies
According to thinkers such as Hegel or Gehlen technology guards us against excessive emotions which derive
from ldquoliferdquo The process of life gives birth to us Yet life for itself is relevant to the existence of ldquoIrdquo as an individual
Therefore we as individuals possess a fear of death which characterizes life as a notion of ambiguity It is this
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 113
nature which generates a fundamental uneasiness in us From the point of practical significance technology
encompasses a deep relation with the hope for durability (ldquoeternityrdquo) against lifersquos changeability or ambiguity We
tend to favor artificial things which are stable and continue to exist longer than we do (in this sense Gehlen has
pointed out the reason for why human beings come to depend on petrochemistry) Therefore we may say that we
are more fetishistic than ever
Po-78
What is ethically problematic in Biogenetics
Takuma Obara
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In this presentation I will consider some of the ethical problems in biogenetics that we are confronted with
today
With the scientific breakthroughs achieved in biogenetics it will be possible to manipulate the genome Once
we obtain knowledge then there is no return to innocent ignorance If we know how to improve ourselves why
should we abstain from doing so Frankly speaking there are no reasons why we should do so Yet the point here
is that an attempt to achieve onersquos goal with the help of such technology would result in the contrary We are severe
on the difference between what belongs to a person and what does not while we highly value the former Therefore
external manipulations result in failure to gain estimation from other people
We also estimate onersquos efforts to achieve such goal even if those efforts have not been marked by success On
the contrary if one strengthens his common abilities with external manipulations such as drugs we despise such
person However if one reinforces his effort what should we do It is apparent that this person applies external
manipulations while undergoing severe experiences In other words are we able to draw a line of division between
the internal and the external within an individual Moreover should we evaluate a talent belonging to a person
without any conditionality These this presentation wishes to argue describe the actual problems which we should
consider and develop answers to once biogenetic manipulations are realized
Po-79
The ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude
Tetsurou Yamashita
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
If we conceive scientific activities radically that is in terms of the ontological structure of the human being we
may understand that science is not the primary way of our being but a modification of practical activities in
everydayness Through the ontological change from the practical attitude in which we are concerned with beings
Tohoku University Scienceweb GCOE ldquoWeaving Science Web beyond Particle-Matter Hierarchyrdquo
114 |
(entities) in a specific context we can shift to a theoretical attitude which enables us to thematize beings clearly
from a free (independent) viewpoint The theoretical attitude is a condition for the possibility of the discovery of
beings Yet its discovery confines itself to a limited discovery for the theoretical attitude articulates various ways
of being folded wholly into the practical attitude in everydayness as the foundation for the discovery therefore it
thematizes beings from a voluntary but single viewpoint (way of being) Based on these circumstances in this
presentation I will sketch the process of the ontological genesis of the theoretical attitude while considering the
ontological significance and limits of this theoretical attitude In doing so this presentation will draw heavily on
Martin Heideggerrsquos ontological insights regarding the human being
Po-80
Risk uncertainty and the precautionary principle
How to deal with scientific uncertainty
Yasuhiko Fujio
Philosophy D3 Tohoku University
In the age of industrialized societies we are exposed to many risks deriving from the development of science
and technology Therefore we are in need of a risk analysis and management in order to coexist with these
numerous risks Many of these approaches addressing such risks are based on the theory of probability or statistics
yet these approaches are not always helpful
We cannot obtain full knowledge of the events occurring in the future thus we must base our risk analysis and
management on probabilistic or statistical approaches and assess the occurrence of events probabilistically or
statistically However there are some realms of science in which we cannot use such approaches because of a lack
of sufficient scientific knowledge with regard to complex phenomena like global warming Notwithstanding we
must make decisions despite such scientific uncertainty caused by insufficient knowledge of events which might
bring about crucial risks
In order to cope with such uncertainty and evade catastrophic disasters we might have to introduce a
ldquoprecautionary principlerdquo which requires that we should adopt approaches such as regulating or banning the use of
chemical substances or technology to protect the human health and the environment despite the lack of sufficient
scientific certainty
In this presentation I wish to examine the notion of scientific uncertainty with regard to complicated events
and the precautionary principle as a reasonable principle for decision making confronted with such uncertainty
February 18 (Thu) - February 19 (Fri) 2010
The 2nd GCOE International Symposium
| 115
Po-81
The mechanism of suppressed dynamical friction in a constant density
core of dwarf galaxies
Shigeki Inoue
Astronomy D2 Tohoku University
The dynamical friction problem is a long-standing dilemma In dwarf galaxy dynamical friction is too effective for their
globular clusters (hereafter GCs) to keep their orbital motion Nonetheless these GCs do exist even in current dwarfs However
if dwarf galaxies have a cored dark matter halo which has a constant density region in its center the dynamical friction is
significantly weakened (suppressed dynamical friction) But the mechanism of the suppressed dynamical friction has not been
clarified yet By means of N-body simulation I discuss the mechanism of the suppressed dynamical friction
Memo
Tohoku University Aobayama Campus
Aobayama Cumpus
Graduate School Faculty of Science
6-3 Aoba Aramaki Aoba-ku SENDAI 980-8578