WEAVES

WeavesPlain

Most simple and most common type of constructionInexpensive to produce, durableFlat, tight surface is conducive to printing and other finishesMethod of Construction:

Each filling yarn goes alternately under and over the warp yarnsCommon Fabrics:

Cotton calicos, cheesecloth, gingham, percale, voileFashion Uses:

Dress shirts, dresses, shawls & scarves

WeavesBasket

A variation of the plain weaveUsually basket or checkerboard patternContrasting colors are often usedInexpensive, less durable than plain weaveMethod of Construction:

Two or more warps simultaneously interlaced with one or more fillingsCommon Fabrics:

Oxford, Monks clothFashion Uses:

Dress shirts, coats, backpacks

WeavesTwill

Creates a diagonal, chevron, houndstooth, corkscrew, or other design

The design is enhanced with colored yarnIs strong and may develop a shineMethod of Construction:

Three or more shafts; warp or filling floats over two or more counterpart yarns in progressive steps right or left

Common Fabrics:Denim, gabardine, serge, tweed

Fashion Uses:Jeans, Chino pants and coats, Kakhi’s

WeavesSatin

Smooth, soft lusterExcellent drapabilityFloats snag easilyMethod of Construction:

Floats one warp yarn over four or more weft yarns, then tied down with one thread, resulting in a smooth face

Common Fabrics:Satin, satin-weave fabrics out of fabrics such as cotton.

Fashion Uses:Blouses, evening wear

WeavesJacquard

Yarns woven into unlimited designs, often intricate, multicolor effectExpensive, but the design doesn=t fade or wear outDurability depends on the fiber usedThe Jacquard loom was invented by Joseph Marie JacquardMethod of Construction:

Warp is individually controlled with each pick passage creating intricate designs

Common Fabrics:Brocade, damask, tapestry

Fashion Uses:Dressy jackets, evening wear

WeavesLeno

A mesh-like fabricMethod of Construction:

A pair of warp threads are passed over and under the filling yarns in a figure 8 or an hourglass twist, creating a geometric pattern

Common Fabrics:Fashion Uses:

Netting, shrugs

   

WeavesKnit

Soft, stretchyMethod of Construction:

Interlooping yarnsIn weft knitting, loops are formed by hand or

machine as yarn is added in crosswise direction.In warp knitting, loops are formed vertically by

machine, one row at a timeCommon Fabrics:

Jersey knit (single, plain), purl knit , rib knit, Interlock, double knit, raschelFashion Uses:

T-shirts, sports shirts, sports wear, dresses, panty hose, sweaters, swimwear, loungewear

WeavesUncut pile

Loops are possible on both sides of fabricSoft and absorbent, relatively inexpensiveCan snag if loops are caughtMethod of Construction:

Generally a plain or twill weave with a third dimension--additional warp yarn or filling yarn is introduced into the basic structure and forms a loop at regular intervals

Common Fabrics:Frieze, terry cloth

Fashion Uses:Robes, towels

WeavesCut Pile

Soft and warm, resilient, absorbentMay have a nap that must be matchedMay be expensive and need professional cleaningMethod of Construction:

Similar to uncut pile, but loops have been cutCommon Fabrics:

Corduroy, velvet, velveteenFashion uses:

Pants, evening wear, lounge wear

WeavesNon-woven

Does not have a distinct patternGenerally stiff and somewhat scratchyMethod of Construction:

Fibers are bonded by mechanical or chemical meansCommon Fabrics:

PelonFashion Uses:

Shape and stabilization of garments

WeavesFelt

Soft, non-woven, can pull apartMethod of Construction:

Felting occurs when heat, moisture, agitation, and pressure are applied to wool fibers, causing the fibers to interlock permanently.

Common Fabrics:Felt

Fashion Uses:Hats, costumes

WeavesFilm

Plastic-like material, repels liquid, stiffMildews, rots, tearsInexpensive, fairly durableMethod of Construction:

Made from synthetic solutions formed into thin sheetsCommon Fabrics:

VinylFashion Uses:

Raincoats

WeavesLaces and Nets

Openwork fabricsMethod of Construction:

Yarns are knotted, twisted and/or looped.Common Fabrics:

Lace Fashion Uses:

Wedding dresses, children’s clothes, dressy outfits, handkerchiefs, costumes