Urinary System Anatomy
We will have a quiz over this material next Thursday, April
15.Yes, I know you have a project due that day. The quiz will not
be long and there will be no pictures to memorize.Urinary System
Anatomy1The functions of the urinary system are:Excretion of toxins
and wastesRegulating levels of chemicals in the bloodMaintaining
water balanceHelping to regulate blood pressureWhat does the
urinary system do?2The parts of the urinary system are:The
kidneysThe uretersThe urinary bladderThe urethraWhat are the parts
of the urinary system?3The kidneys are the organs that filter the
blood and make urine.What are the kidneys?
4The kidneys are located in the abdominal cavity. This picture
shows what they look like from the front, but they are located
posterior to the intestines.Where are the kidneys?
5Kidneys on CT
6Kidneys on US
7Kidneys in Nuclear Medicine
8Whats inside the kidneys?
9The production of urine is a three-step
process.FiltrationReabsorptionSecretionThese take place in the
nephrons, which are microscopic units of the kidneys.How do the
kidneys make urine?
10Filtration is caused by glomerular blood pressure
changes.Filtration
11This pressure causes water & dissolved substances to
filter out of the glomerulus into Bowmans capsule.In more
detail
12Reabsorption is the movement of substances OUT of renal
tubules and INTO the peritubular capillariesReabsorption
13Secretion is the movement of substances into the urine from
the blood in the peritubular capillariesSecretion
14The ureters are the tubes that transport urine from the
kidneys to the bladder.What about the ureters?
15The bladder is a reservoir for storing urine.Voiding is the
process of releasing urine from the bladder.What does the bladder
do?
16The urethra transports urine from the bladder to the outside
of the body. In men the urinary and reproductive systems share the
same tube within the penis.In women it is only part of the urinary
system.What does the urethra do?
17Micturition is another name for urination or
voiding.Micturition
18Urinalysis is the examination of the physical, chemical, and
microscopic characteristics of urine and may help diagnose medical
problemsYouve known about urine for years, but did you know
19In normal urine these can be found:Mineral ions such as
sodium, potassium, & chlorineAmmonia, creatinine, urea, and
uric acidBacteria, blood cellsWhats in urine?
20In abnormal urine these can be
found:AcetoneAlbuminBileGlucoseUh, oh.
21The pH is the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution.The
normal pH range of urine is 4.6 to 8.0.A pH over 7.0 indicates
alkalinity.What? The pH?
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