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Waxes forENGINEERING THERMOPLASTICS
Waxes for engineering thermoplastics2
3
The growing demand for engineering thermoplastics results not only in technical progress, but also in challenges in their processing.Only additives which exhibit good thermo stability and low volatility at high processing temperatures are suitable to meet the quality requirements.
As engineering plastics are predominantly processed by injection molding, high standards are required with respect to their processing characteristics, especially the ease of flow and the mold release effects. In addition, the susceptibility of some engineering thermoplastics to chemical decomposition during processing places high demands on processing aids.
Clariant offers a multitude of different types of waxes which represent a complete range for the processing of engineering thermoplastics.
In addition to the most important engineering plastics such as polyamide, polyurethane, polycarbonate, polyester and polyacetal, the products described in this information sheet can also be used in numerous other engineering plastics, elastomers and thermosets.
The currently valid product data sheets include details of our delivery specifications. The specifications given there are up-to-date and are confirmed regularly.
CONTENTS
Processing of engineering thermoplastics 4
Product description 6
Product data 8
Application overview 9
Waxes for polyamides (PA) 10
Waxes for polyesters (PET/PBT) 12
Waxes for polycarbonates (PC) 17
Waxes for thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) 18
Waxes for polyacetals (POM) 20
Safety information 22
Waxes forENGINEERING THERMOPLASTICS
Waxes for engineering thermoplastics4
The quality assurance system was certified by the Deutsche Gesellschaft zur Zertifizierung von Qualitätssicherungssystemen mbH (German Association for the Certification of Quality Assurances Systems, DQS) in November 1992. Thus the requirements of DIN ISO 9001 are fulfilled.
TEST METHOdS
Drop point°C
ISO 2176ASTM D 3954
Softening point°C
DIN 51920ASTM D 3104
Acid valuemg KOH/g
ISO 2114ASTM D 1386
Saponification valuemg KOH/g
ISO 3681ASTM D 1387
Density at 23 °C g/cm3
ISO 1183
ViscositymPa·s DIN 53 018
Licowax, Licolub, Licocene and Licomont fulfill the following functions in engineering plastics:
• Mold release• Lubricating effect • dispersion• Nucleation
Processing of ENGINEERING THERMOPLASTICS
5
MOLd RELEASE ANd LubRICATION EffECTThe polarity of the wax used is decisive for its mode of action in the polymer as an external and internal lubricant.
External lubricants are more or less incompatible with the polymer matrix and have a different polarity to the polymer. Therefore they act as an »external« lubricating film between the polymer and the hot metallic surfaces of the processing machine. Thus external lubricants prevent the polymer melt from adhering to the machine parts and reduce the demolding force in the case of injection molding of engineering thermoplastics.
Internal lubricants are readily compatible with the polymer matrix, have a similar polarity and improve the ease of flow of the melt by preventing »internal« friction between the individual particles of the polymer, and thus enhance the flow ability.
dISPERSIONWaxes also act as dispersing agents in engineering thermoplastics. Better mechanical and optical properties of the end product are achieved by a uniform dispersion of all materials (e. g. fillers). In the case of pigments a homogeneous distribution leads to an optimal color yield. Thus pigments can be used economically and still exhibit their optimal color effect.
Pigments and fillers are partially wetted by dispersing agents and this improves their compatibility with the polymer. As the dispersing agent has a low viscosity compared with the polymer, it is able to penetrate into pigments or fillers even in agglomerated form, and it thus promotes a homogeneous distribution in the polymer without having a negative influence, e. g. on the mechanical properties.
NuCLEATIONThe degree of crystallinity has a considerable influence on the functional properties of partly crystalline polymers such as Poly-amide (PA), Polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) and Polybutylene-terephthalate (PBT). It can often vary over a wide range. Therefore complying with the specified degree of crystallinity is important for processing. Economical processing can be achieved by adding nucleating agents which permit a high rate of crystallization, and thus short cycle times can be achieved for injection molding. This creates the basis for a cost-effective production process.
In the case of film extrusion this leads to improved stretch characteristics and higher mechanical strength.
The mode of action of nucleating agents is based on the fact that crystallization takes place on the particles of the added nucleating agent and thus it begins at numerous sites simultaneously. This creates many small crystals instead of only a few larger ones. The degree of crystallization is therefore very high, even in the case of polymers with a low crystallization rate. Crystallization starts at higher temperatures and, as this entails a shorter cooling time for injection molding, the result is a more rapid cycle.
In contrast to inorganic nucleating agents, such as talc, the nucleating agents described here also act as lubricants, mold- releasing agents and dispersing agents.
Waxes for engineering thermoplastics6
Product dESCRIPTION
Licowax, Licolub, Licocene and Licomont can be divided into three groups with regard to their chemical structure:
POLyETHyLENE wAxESThe PE waxes from Clariant are polymerized according to the Ziegler process, and they possess a particularly high thermo-stability.
Licowax PE 520 is a branched polyethylene wax of medium molecular weight and low density. It is remarkable for its high resistance to oxidation, complete freedom from specks and good organoleptic properties. Licowax PE 520 is incompatible with polar plastics and serves as an effective external lubricant.
Licolub H 12, a polar polyethylene wax, is partly compatible with polar plastics and reduces the adhesion of the polymer melt to the hot machine parts. Licowax PED 191 is a polar polyethylene wax of high molecular weight with excellent properties as a mold-releasing agent.
Licocene PE MA 4221 is a maleic anhydride grafted metallocenePE wax and acts also as mold release agent in polyamides and polyester without effecting the initial color of the compounds.
AMIdE wAxLicowax C is an amide wax of the N, N’-bisstearoylethylene- diamine (EBS) type with increased thermo stability. Due to its low volatility, Licowax C is used in engineering plastics which are processed at higher temperatures.
Licowax C does not affect the transparency of any polymer and is widely used as a typical slip- and anti-blocking agent.
Licolub FA 1 powder vegetable based is identical to Licowax C, but based on stearic acid of pure vegetable origin.
7
MONTAN wAxESThe montanic esters Licowax E, Licowax OP, Licolub WE 4 and Licolub WE 40 are secondary products of the oxidative refining of raw montan wax.
The montanic acids contained in raw montan wax are straight-chain, unbranched monocarboxylic acids with a chain length in the range of C28-C32. As a result of the long chain these montanic acids have a high thermo stability and a low volatility.
Licowax E and Licolub WE 4 are esters of montanic acids with ethylene glycol or glycerine. Licowax OP differs in that the montanic acids are only partially esterified with butylene glycol, and the rest are saponified with calcium hydroxide. Therefore Licowax OP contains calcium montanate in addition to montanic acid esters.
Licolub WE 40 is a complex ester of montanic acids and serves as a lubricant to improve the ease of flow and as a mold-releasing agent in engineering plastics. On account of its polar centers and the long non-polar chains the montanic acid esters show good compatibility with both polar and non-polar plastics. Montan waxes thus combine internal and external lubricating effects while maintaining the transparency and good mold release properties of injection molded parts. A further positive property is their low volatility and migration tendency. This is especially important in the processing of engineering resins, as the processing temperatures are generally high in this case.
Licolub WM 31 is an ester based on montanic acids and long chain, aliphatic acids.
Under the name of Licomont, Clariant supplies a special range of mold-releasing, lubricating and nucleating agents as well as acid acceptors for plastics which have to meet special requirements.
Licomont CaV 102 is the calcium salt of long-chain, linear montanic acids. It is used as an unique nucleating and lubricating agent in engineering plastics such as polyamides. It can also be used as an acid acceptor in acid-sensitive polymers such as POM.
Licomont NaV 101 is the alkali salt of long-chain, linear montanicacids. It is used as a combined nucleating and lubricating agent in partly crystalline polymers such as polyester. In addition, it improves the flow properties of the polymer melt.
Further information on the individual products is contained in the relevant product data sheets.
Waxes for engineering thermoplastics8
NAME CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS PHySICAL ANd CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Drop point[°C]
Acid value[mg KOH/g]
Viscosity at 140 °C [mPa·s]
Color
LICOwAx E Esterwax on the basis of montanic acids ~ 81 1) ~ 18 ~ 20 * Pale yellowish
LICOwAx OP Partly saponified ester wax on the basis of montanic acids ~ 99 1) ~ 12 ~ 300 ** Yellowish
LICOLub wE 4 Ester wax on the basis of montanic acids ~ 80 1) ~ 26 ~ 60 * Yellowish
LICOLub wE 40 Complex ester of montanic acids ~ 76 1) ~ 20 ~ 150 * Yellowish
LICOLub wM 31 Montanic acid and long chain aliphatic acid based ester wax
~ 74 1) ~ 12 ~ 26 * Pale yellowish
LICOwAx C Amide wax ~ 142 1) < 8 – White
LICOLub fA 1 POwdER VEGETAbLE bASEd
Amide wax ~ 142 1) < 8 – White
LICOLub H 12 Polyethylene wax polar ~ 104 1) ~ 17 ~ 350 ** Almost white
LICOwAx PE 520 Polyethylene wax non-polar ~ 120 2) – ~ 650 White
LICOwAx PEd 191 Polar polyethylene wax ~ 123 1) ~ 17 ~ 1800 Almost white
LICOCENE PE MA 4221 Maleic anhydride grafted metallocene PE wax
~ 123 2) ~ 18 ~ 140 Almost white
LICOMONT NAV 101 Na salt of the montanic acids – < 5 – Yellowish
LICOMONT CAV 102 Ca salt of the montanic acids – ~ 10 – Pale yellowish
* = At 100 °C, ** = at 120 °C, 1) = Drop point ISO 2176, 2) = Drop point ASTM D 3954
Product dataOVERVIEw
Ca2+
n
Na+ [ ]-
Ca2+ [ ]-2
9
ApplicationOVERVIEw
PROduCT POLyAMIdE POLyESTER POLyCARbONATE POLyuRETHANE POLyACETAL
LICOwAx E
LICOwAx OP
LICOLub wE 4
LICOLub wE 40
LICOLub wM 31
LICOLub H 12
LICOwAx C
LICOLub fA 1 POwdER VEGETAbLE bASEd
LICOwAx PE 520
LICOwAx PEd 191
LICOCENE PE MA 4221
LICOMONT NAV 101
LICOMONT CAV 102
Recommended Applicable Not for transparent applications
Waxes for engineering thermoplastics10
Waxes forPOLyAMIdES (PA)
The possibilities of polyamide modifications frequently lead to critical processing characteristics. They show a strong tendency to adhere to hot machine parts, highly filled compounds do not flow easily in the injection molding tool, which leads to damage of the polymer and is apparent in the poor quality of the end product.
LubRICANTS ANd MOLd RELEASE AGENTSThe montan waxes Licowax E and Licowax OP have a strong release effect when added to polyamide. We recommend concentrations of 0.3 – 0.5 % in unfilled polyamide, in the case of filled or reinforced materials, up to 1.0 %, depending on the filler content.
If the aim is to improve flow, the amide waxes Licowax C or Licolub FA 1 powder vegetable based can be added as a lubricant in concentrations of 0.1 – 1.0 %.
These amide waxes are also successfully used as lubricating agents in the production of PA fibers and films.
For applications which are very color sensitive (e. g. bright white)we recommend to use our polar modified metallocene wax,Licocene PE MA 4221 for demolding properties.
Figure 1 clearly shows how the demolding force depends on the concentration of the added waxes.
Figure 2 shows the reduced demolding force of different Licowax types in PA 6.
fIGuRE 1: Licowax E in polyamide 6 – mold-release effect
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
Without 0.05 % 0.1 % 0.2 % 0.3 % 0.4 % 0.5 %
> 10000 internal method internal method
dem
old
ing
fo
rce[
N ]
formulation: Polyamide 6 + x % Licowax E
fIGuRE 2: Better performance of montan wax in polyamide 6 compared to standard lubricants – measurement of release force
7000
5000
3000
1000
Without Licowax E Licowax OP PETS
formulation: Polyamide 6 + 0,3 % Test product
dem
old
ing
fo
rce[
N ]
11
dISPERSIONThe esters of montanic acids such as Licowax E or Licowax OP are used for homogeneous distribution of the fillers, reinforcing materials or of pigments in polyamide.
As a guideline value, the concentration for filled or reinforced polyamides is about 0.5 – 1.0 %.
NuCLEATING AGENTSWhereas inorganic nucleating agents such as talc and mica are added for normal applications, organic nucleating agents are preferred when the requirements for homogeneity and mechanical properties are higher.
Licomont CaV 102 is used as a combined nucleating and lubricating agent in polyamide. It has a strong release effect at the usual concentration of 0.2 – 0.5 %.
Due to the high molecular weight it has a low volatility and favorable migration characteristics in the finished product.
In addition to the excellent nucleating effect of the Licomont CaV 102, the product also has a lubricating and mold- releasing effect in PA due to the unique chemical structure, so that further lubricants are often unnecessary when Licomont CaV 102 is used.
Figure 4 illustrates the nucleating effect of Licomont CaV 102 in polyamide 6.6 glass fiber reinforced, which has a medium crystallization rate without additives. In this example a cycle time reduction of 23 % is achieved, due to faster crystallization and better flow of the polymer melt.
internal method internal method
fIGuRE 4: Nucleating effect of Licomont CaV 102 – injection molding of polyamide 6.6 GF (30 % glass fibers)
30
25
20
15
Without + 0.5 % Licomont CaV 102
Cyc
le t
ime
[s]
- 23 %
fIGuRE 3: Better performance of montan wax in polyamide 6.6 compared to standard lubricants – measurement of release force
Without Licowax E Licowax OP Licowax WE 4
formulation: Polyamide 6.6 + 0,3 % Test product
28
26
24
22
Mf
R [
g /
10 m
in ]
Waxes for engineering thermoplastics12
Waxes forPOLyESTERS (PET/PbT)
LubRICANTS ANd RELEASE AGENTS IN PET/PbTMontan waxes like Licowax E, Licowax OP, Licolub WE 4 and Licolub WE 40 are mainly used in polyester compounds for injection molding and extrusion applications.
For applications like bottles and films, which are produced by calandaring and blow molding, we recommend the use of amide waxes like Licowax C or Licolub FA 1 powder vegetable based as they act as excellent slip- and anti-blocking agents. Usual concentrations are about 0.1 – 0.5 %.
The montan waxes Licowax E, Licowax OP, Licolub WE 4,Licolub WE 40 act as excellent thermal stable and low volatile release agents when used in PET/PBT. As a guideline value we recommend a concentration of about 0.1 – 1 %.
Furthermore the polar modified metallocene wax LicocenePE MA 4221 can be used for this purpose as an alternative to montan waxes, if the slight yellowish color of the montan waxes is an obstacle, especially in natural colored polyester compounds.
The increased flow ability and the favorable demolding characteristics as a result of the use of our products in polyester are demonstrated in the following diagrams by determination of the MFR and the demolding force (Figures 10 – 14).
Without Licowax E Licowax OP Licolub WE 4
LicolubWE 40
fIGuRE 10: Lubricants in polyester (PET) – measurement of the demolding force
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
formulation: PET + 0.3 % Test product
dem
old
ing
fo
rce
[ N ]
Without Licowax E Licowax OP Licolub WE 4
LicomontCaV 102
fIGuRE 11: Lubricants in polyester (PET) – improvement of flow
60
40
20
0
formulation: PET + 0.3 % Test product
MfR
[cm
3 / 10
min
] 2.
16 k
g, 2
60
°C
internal method internal method
13
8
6
4
2
0
yello
wne
ss in
dex
1200
800
400
0
fIGuRE 12: Waxes in PBT – demolding force
7000
5000
3000
1000
Without Licowax E Licowax OP PETS
formulation: PBT + 0.3 % Test product
dem
old
ing
fo
rce[
N ]
fIGuRE 13: Waxes in PBT – flow improvement
formulation: PBT + 0,3 % Test product
28
26
24
22
Mf
R [
g /
10 m
in ]
Without Licowax E Licowax OP Licowax WE 4
> 6700
fIGuRE 14: Licocene PE MA 4221 in PBT · No yellowish discoloration with Licocene PE MA 4221 · Lower reduction of release forces compared to Licowax E
Without Licowax E Licocene PE MA 4221
Without Licowax E Licocene PE MA 4221
Rel
ease
fo
rce
[ N ]
formulation: PBT + 0.3 % Test product formulation: PBT + 0.3 % Test product
internal method
internal method
internal method
internal method
Waxes for engineering thermoplastics14
Waxes forPOLyESTERS (PET/PbT)
dISPERSIONWe recommend the use of Licowax E, Licolub WE 4 or Licolub WE 40 in concentrations of approximately 0.1 – 1.0 % for the dispersion of pigments and filling or reinforcing materials in polyester (PET/PBT).
NuCLEATIONThe sodium salt of long-chain aliphatic carboxylic acid, such as contained in our Licomont NaV 101, has proved to be a suitable nucleating agents in PET and PBT. Due to the high molecular weight, it has a low volatility and favorable migration characteristic in the finished product.
In addition to the excellent nucleation effect of the Licomont NaV 101, this product also has outstanding lubrication and mold-releasing effects. Licomont NaV 101 is effective in a concentration of 0.1 – 0.4 % in polyester. In the case of film extrusion this leads to improved stretch characteristics and higher mechanical strength.
Figure 15 indicates a remarkable reduction of the cycle time of injection molded polyester with Licomont NaV 101.
Without 0.1 % 0.2 % 0.4 %
fIGuRE 15: Cycle time reduction, nucleation of PET with Licomont NaV 101
45
35
25
15
formulation: PET + x % Licomont NaV 101
Cyc
le t
ime
[ s ]
internal method
15
Waxes for engineering thermoplastics16
17
Waxes forPOLyCARbONATES (PC)
LubRICANT ANd RELEASE AGENTSOur waxes are mainly used in the injection molding and extrusion of polycarbonate. We recommend the addition of Licowax E, Licowax OP or Licolub WE 40 in concentrations of 0.1 – 0.5 % to improve flow characteristics. Beside their good lubricating effect, they have almost no adverse effect on the transparency of PC.
In addition to Licowax E, Licowax OP and Licolub WE 40, oxidized PE wax, e. g. Licowax PED 191, is also used in opaque applications in concentrations of 0.1 – 1.0 % to promote mold release in polycarbonate, as they have a better mold release effect than pentaerythritol tetrastearate (PETS), which is also used for this purpose.
Figure 16 shows the demolding force and transparency of poly-carbonate using Licowax E and Licowax PED 191 in comparison to the use of PETS.
Figure 17 illustrates the reduction of the release force of the polycarbonate with different montan waxes compared to standard lubricants.
dISPERSIONWe recommend the addition of Licowax E, Licowax OP or Licolub WE 40 in concentrations of 0.1 – 1.0 % as a dispersing agent for homogeneous distribution of filling and reinforcing materials or pigments in polycarbonate.
Without PETS(Pentaerythritol tetrastearate)
Licowax E
Licowax PED 191
fIGuRE 16: Lubricants in polycarbonate – demolding force and transparency (1 mm plates)
3300
2900
2500
2100
1700
1300
900
100
75
50
25
0
formulation: PC + 0.3 % Test product
formulation: PC + 0.3 % Test product
■
dem
old
ing
fo
rce
[ N ]
■ Tr
ansp
aren
cy [
% ]
Without Calcium-stearat
PETS Licowax E
Licowax OP
Licolub WE 4
fIGuRE 17: Lubricants in polycarbonate – measurement of demolding force
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
dem
old
ing
fo
rce
[ N ]
internal method
internal method
Waxes for engineering thermoplastics18
Waxes forTHERMOPLASTIC POLyuRETHANES (TPu)
LubRICANTS ANd RELEASE AGENTS IN TPuThe main area of application of our Licowax types in TPU are injection molded or extruded articles and films. Thermoplastic polyurethane is strongly adhesive directly after processing. The consequence is that the injection molded parts are difficult to demold and block when stacking. Extruded tubes stick together when rolled and cannot be re-opened. Amide waxes, such as Licowax C and Licolub FA 1 powder vegetable based, are commonly used in the processing in concentrations of 0.5 – 1.0 % as anti-blocking agents with little effect on the external lubrication. The drawback is that amide waxes tend to migrate to the surface and might cause blooming.
A better alternative is the use of Licowax E, Licowax OP or Licolub WM 31. These montan wax derivatives have an excellent mold release effect in TPU. As a result of their high compatibility they show no tendency to migration and they have a low volatility, even at high temperatures. The usual concentration is 0.5 – 1.0 % or 0.3 – 0.5 % when used in combination with 0.3 % Licowax C or Licolub FA 1 powder vegetable based.
The strong tendency to adhesion exhibited by thermoplastic polyurethane can also be eliminated by the addition of 0.5 – 1.0 % Licolub WE 4. Due to its favorable migration properties Licolub WE 4 does not impair the further processing of products made of thermoplastic polyurethane.
The influence of our lubricant agent on the demolding force and the flow properties of TPU is illustrated in Figures 5 and 6.
dISPERSIONWe recommend the use of our montan wax esters Licowax E and and Licowax OP as dispersion agents for homogeneous distribution of pigments and thus to achieve an optimal color yield. As a guide- line value we recommend a concentration of about 0.3 – 1.0 %.
Figures 5 and 6 show the outperforming tack-free time and flow improvement of montan waxes and amide waxes in TPU.
Figure 7 illustrates the much better release of montan waxes compared to amide waxes and TPU without lubricants.
19
fIGuRE 7: Sticking behavior of aromatic polyether-based thermoplastic polyurethane compounds (Two Roll Mill)
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
■ TPu Without lubricants
■ TPu + 1 % Amide wax
■ TPu + 1 % Licowax E
■ TPu + 1 % Licolub WM 31
Glu
e p
ower
fIGuRE 6: Lubricants in TPU – improvement of flow
10
8
6
4
2
0
Without Licowax E Licowax OP Licolub WE 4 Licowax C
formulation: TPU + 0.5 % Test product
MV
R (
190
°C/2
1.6
kg
) [g
/10
min
]
fIGuRE 5: Lubricants in TPU – determination of the tack-free time (two roll mill, 180 °C, 16.7/20 rpm)
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
formulation: TPU + 0.5 % Test product
Without Licowax E Licowax OP
Tack
-fre
e ti
me
[min
]
internal method
internal method internal method
Waxes for engineering thermoplastics20
Waxes forPOLyACETALS (POM)
LubRICANTS ANd MOLd RELEASE AGENTS IN POLyACETALThe main application fields for our lubricants for POM are in processes such as injection molding and extrusion. In addition to montan and amide waxes (Licowax C, Licolub FA 1 powder vegetable based), calcium montanate (Licowax OP, Licomont CaV 102) also serves as a lubricant in POM. Some types of poly-acetal tend to depolymerization with the cleavage of formaldehyde. Formic acid formed by oxidation after cleavage of formaldehyde would catalyze the depolymerization. However, it can be neu-tralized by the addition of calcium montanate. Thus the addition of calcium montanate as a co-stabilizer offers a further important advantage to processors.
Licowax E, Licowax OP, Licowax C or Licolub FA 1 powder vegetable based from the Clariant range can be added in concentrations of 0.2 – 0.5 % to improve the ease of flow of polyacetal. As a result of this distinct improvement in flow ability, injection molded articles can be manufactured using very complicated molds.
fIGuRE 8: Lubricants in POM – improvement of flow
50
40
30
20
10
0
Without Licowax E Licowax OP Licolub WE 4
LicomontCaV 102
formulation: POM + 0.2 % Test product
MfR
[cm
3 /10
min
] 2.
16 k
g, 2
50 °C
Without Licowax E Licowax OP Licolub WE 4
LicomontCaV 102
fIGuRE 9: Lubricants in POM – measurement of the demolding force
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
formulation: POM + 0.3 % Test product
dem
old
ing
fo
rce
[ N ]
internal method
internal method
21
The improvement in flow properties caused by the addition of Licowax E, Licowax OP, Licolub WE 4 and Licomont CaV 102 to polyacetal is shown in Figure 8.
Besides the Licowax E, Licowax OP and Licowax C types mentioned above, Licowax PED 191, a polar polyethylene wax, can be used to facilitate mold release in polyacetals. As a guideline value we recommend a concentration of about 0.2 – 1.0 % in this case. The reduction in the demolding force achieved by the use of our products in the processing of POM is presented in Figure 9.Licomont CaV 102, the calcium salt of long-chain, linear carboxylic acids (C28 – C32), serves as a highly effective stabilizer in acid-sensitive plastics such as polyacetal.
A particular advantage of using Licomont CaV 102 as an acid acceptor instead of the possible use of calcium soaps of fatty acids (e. g. calcium stearate), is the low volatility of the long-chain carboxylic acids of Licomont CaV 102, even at high processing temperatures.
A further favorable property of Licomont CaV 102 is its lubricant and mold release effect which also facilitates the demolding Licowax OP of the injection molded product. We recommend a concentration of 0.2 – 0.6 % for Licomont CaV 102 in POM.
dISPERSIONWe recommend the use of the montanic esters Licowax E or Licowax OP as dispersion aids in a concentration of 0.2 – 0.5 % for homogeneous distribution of pigments in polyacetal and thus to achieve an optimal color yield.
Waxes for engineering thermoplastics22
SafetyINfORMATION
A safety data sheet containing further safety-related data is available for each product from Clariant.
STATuS ACCORdING TO fOOd LEGISLATION, PACkAGINGFor each product there is a technical product sheet (PDS) and a material safety data sheet (MSDS) available with respective information. PDS can be found on the web page www.additives.clariant.com. For MSDS please contact our Marketing/Sales staff.
TRANSPORT ANd STORAGEStorage, stabilityThe products must be stored at room temperature in a dry place. Shelf life of our waxes is two years from the date of shipment.
Transport and shippingThe products mentioned are not dangerous goods under following regulations: ADR, RID, ADN, GGVSEB, IMDG-Code, ICAO TI/IATA-DGR.
23
DA
828
9 E
| 0
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013
CLAriANT iNTErNATiONAL LTD
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BUSiNESS LiNE WAxES
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This information corresponds to the present state of our knowledge and is intended as a general description of our products and their possible applications. Clariant makes no warranties, express or implied, as to the information’s accuracy, adequacy, sufficiency or freedom from defect and assumes no liability in connection with any use of this information. Any user of this product is responsible for determining the suitability of Clariant’s products for its particular application. * Nothing included in this information waives any of Clariant’s General Terms and Conditions of Sale, which control unless it agrees otherwise in writing. Any existing intellectual/industrial property rights must be observed. Due to possible changes in our products and applicable national and international regulations and laws, the status of our products could change. Material Safety Data Sheets providing safety precautions, that should be observed when handling or storing Clariant products, are available upon request and are provided in compliance with applicable law. You should obtain and review the applicable Material Safety Data Sheet information before handling any of these products. For additional information, please contact Clariant.
* For sales to customers located within the United States and Canada the following applies in addition: NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY IS MADE OF THE MERCHANTABILITY, SUITABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR OTHERWISE OF ANY PRODUCT OR SERVICE.
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