Wattyl Killrust Gloss Enamel Aerosol (MCRLF)williamadamsshop.com.au/files/MSDS/MSDS PDF/Wattyl/Wattyl Killrust... · Wattyl Killrust Gloss Enamel Aerosol (MCRLF) Hazard Alert Code:

Wattyl Killrust Gloss Enamel Aerosol (MCRLF)

Hazard Alert Code: HIGHWattyl Killrust Gloss Enamel Aerosol (MCRLF)Issue Date: 18-Jan-2011 CHEMWATCH 5047-15NC317TCP Version No:6

CD 2011/2 Page 1 of 27

Section 1 - CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION

PRODUCT NAMEWattyl Killrust Gloss Enamel Aerosol (MCRLF)

PROPER SHIPPING NAMEAEROSOLS

PRODUCT USE■ Used according to manufacturer's directions.Application is by spray atomisation from a hand held aerosol pack.The use of a quantity of material in an unventilated or confined space may result in increased exposure and an irritating atmosphere developing. Before starting consider control of exposure by mechanical ventilation.

SUPPLIERCompany: Wattyl Pty LtdAddress:4 Steel StreetBlacktownNSW, 2148AustraliaTelephone: +61 2 9621 6255Emergency Tel:1800 039 008Fax: +61 2 9831 4244Email: [email protected]

Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION

STATEMENT OF HAZARDOUS NATUREHAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE. DANGEROUS GOODS. According to NOHSC Criteria, and ADG Code.

CHEMWATCH HAZARD RATINGS

Flammability Toxicity

Body Contact Reactivity

Chronic

SCALE: Min/Nil=0 Low=1 Moderate=2 High=3 Extreme=4

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CD 2011/2 Page 2 of 27Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION

RISK SAFETY■ Extremely flammable. • Keep away from sources of ignition. No smoking.■ Irritating to eyes and skin. • Do not breathe gas/ fumes/ vapour/ spray.■ Risk of explosion if heated under • Avoid contact with skin.confinement.■ Repeated exposure may cause skin • Avoid contact with eyes.dryness and cracking.■ Vapours may cause drowsiness and • Wear suitable gloves.dizziness.■ Inhalation, skin contact and/or • Wear eye/ face protection.ingestion may produce health damage*.■ Cumulative effects may result • Use only in well ventilated areas.following exposure*.■ May produce discomfort of the • Keep container in a well ventilated place.respiratory system*.■ Limited evidence of a carcinogenic • To clean the floor and all objects contaminated byeffect*. this material, use water and detergent.* (limited evidence). • Keep container tightly closed.

• In case of contact with eyes, rinse with plenty ofwater and contact Doctor or Poisons Information Centre.• If swallowed, IMMEDIATELY contact Doctor or PoisonsInformation Centre (show this container or label).• This material and its container must be disposed of ashazardous waste.

Section 3 - COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

NAME CAS RN %alkyd resin - unregulated 63148-69-6 10-30acetone 67-64-1 10-30white spirit 8052-41-3. 10-30pigments including <10titanium dioxide 13463-67-7 <10additives <10propellant ashydrocarbon propellant 68476-85-7. 10-30iso- butane 75-28-5. 10-30Solvent grades have less than 0.1% benzene content

Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES

SWALLOWED• Not considered a normal route of entry.• If swallowed do NOT induce vomiting.• If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain open airway and prevent aspiration.• Observe the patient carefully.• Never give liquid to a person showing signs of being sleepy or with reduced awareness; i.e. becoming unconscious.• Give water to rinse out mouth, then provide liquid slowly and as much as casualty can comfortably drink.

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CD 2011/2 Page 3 of 27Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES

• Seek medical advice.• Avoid giving milk or oils.• Avoid giving alcohol.• If spontaneous vomiting appears imminent or occurs, hold patient's head down, lower than their hips to help avoid possible aspiration of vomitus.

EYE■ If aerosols come in contact with the eyes:• Immediately hold the eyelids apart and flush the eye continuously for at least 15 minutes with fresh running water.• Ensure complete irrigation of the eye by keeping eyelids apart and away from eye and moving the eyelids by occasionally lifting the upper and lower lids.• Transport to hospital or doctor without delay.• Removal of contact lenses after an eye injury should only be undertaken by skilled personnel.

SKIN■ If solids or aerosol mists are deposited upon the skin:• Flush skin and hair with running water (and soap if available).• Remove any adhering solids with industrial skin cleansing cream.• DO NOT use solvents.• Seek medical attention in the event of irritation.

INHALED■ If aerosols, fumes or combustion products are inhaled:• Remove to fresh air.• Lay patient down. Keep warm and rested.• Prostheses such as false teeth, which may block airway, should be removed, where possible, prior to initiating first aid procedures.• If breathing is shallow or has stopped, ensure clear airway and apply resuscitation, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve mask device, or pocket mask as trained. Perform CPR if necessary.• Transport to hospital, or doctor.

NOTES TO PHYSICIAN■ For acute or short term repeated exposures to acetone:• Symptoms of acetone exposure approximate ethanol intoxication.• About 20% is expired by the lungs and the rest is metabolised. Alveolar air half-life is about 4 hours

following two hour inhalation at levels near the Exposure Standard; in overdose, saturable metabolism andlimited clearance, prolong the elimination half-life to 25-30 hours.

• There are no known antidotes and treatment should involve the usual methods of decontamination followed bysupportive care. [Ellenhorn and Barceloux: Medical Toxicology]

Management:Measurement of serum and urine acetone concentrations may be useful to monitor the severity of ingestion orinhalation.Inhalation Management:• Maintain a clear airway, give humidified oxygen and ventilate if necessary.• If respiratory irritation occurs, assess respiratory function and, if necessary, perform chest X-rays to

check for chemical pneumonitis.• Consider the use of steroids to reduce the inflammatory response.• Treat pulmonary oedema with PEEP or CPAP ventilation.Dermal Management:• Remove any remaining contaminated clothing, place in double sealed, clear bags, label and store in secure

area away from patients and staff.• Irrigate with copious amounts of water.• An emollient may be required.Eye Management:

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CD 2011/2 Page 4 of 27Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES

• Irrigate thoroughly with running water or saline for 15 minutes.• Stain with fluorescein and refer to an ophthalmologist if there is any uptake of the stain.Oral Management:• No GASTRIC LAVAGE OR EMETIC• Encourage oral fluids.Systemic Management:• Monitor blood glucose and arterial pH.• Ventilate if respiratory depression occurs.• If patient unconscious, monitor renal function.• Symptomatic and supportive care.The Chemical Incident Management Handbook:Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospital Trust, 2000BIOLOGICAL EXPOSURE INDEXThese represent the determinants observed in specimens collected from a healthy worker exposed at theExposure Standard (ES or TLV):Determinant Sampling Time Index CommentsAcetone in urine End of shift 50 mg/L NSNS: Non-specific determinant; also observed after exposure to other material.For acute or short term repeated exposures to petroleum distillates or related hydrocarbons:• Primary threat to life, from pure petroleum distillate ingestion and/or inhalation, is respiratory failure.• Patients should be quickly evaluated for signs of respiratory distress (e.g. cyanosis, tachypnoea,

intercostal retraction, obtundation) and given oxygen. Patients with inadequate tidal volumes or poorarterial blood gases (pO2 50 mm Hg) should be intubated.

• Arrhythmias complicate some hydrocarbon ingestion and/or inhalation and electrocardiographic evidence ofmyocardial injury has been reported; intravenous lines and cardiac monitors should be established inobviously symptomatic patients. The lungs excrete inhaled solvents, so that hyperventilation improvesclearance.

• A chest x-ray should be taken immediately after stabilisation of breathing and circulation to documentaspiration and detect the presence of pneumothorax.

• Epinephrine (adrenalin) is not recommended for treatment of bronchospasm because of potential myocardialsensitisation to catecholamines. Inhaled cardioselective bronchodilators (e.g. Alupent, Salbutamol) are thepreferred agents, with aminophylline a second choice.

• Lavage is indicated in patients who require decontamination; ensure use of cuffed endotracheal tube inadult patients. [Ellenhorn and Barceloux: Medical Toxicology].

Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES

EXTINGUISHING MEDIA■ SMALL FIRE:• Water spray, dry chemical or CO2LARGE FIRE:• Water spray or fog.

FIRE FIGHTING• Alert Fire Brigade and tell them location and nature of hazard.• May be violently or explosively reactive.• Wear breathing apparatus plus protective gloves.• Prevent, by any means available, spillage from entering drains or water course.• If safe, switch off electrical equipment until vapour fire hazard removed.• Use water delivered as a fine spray to control fire and cool adjacent area.• DO NOT approach containers suspected to be hot.• Cool fire exposed containers with water spray from a protected location.• If safe to do so, remove containers from path of fire.

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CD 2011/2 Page 5 of 27Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES

• Equipment should be thoroughly decontaminated after use.

FIRE/EXPLOSION HAZARD• Liquid and vapour are flammable.• Moderate fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame.• Vapour forms an explosive mixture with air.• Moderate explosion hazard when exposed to heat or flame.• Vapour may travel a considerable distance to source of ignition.• Heating may cause expansion or decomposition leading to violent rupture of containers.• Aerosol cans may explode on exposure to naked flame.• Rupturing containers may rocket and scatter burning materials.• Hazards may not be restricted to pressure effects.• May emit acrid, poisonous or corrosive fumes.• On combustion, may emit toxic fumes of carbon monoxide (CO).Combustion products include: carbon dioxide (CO2), other pyrolysis products typical of burning organicmaterial.Contains low boiling substance: Closed containers may rupture due to pressure buildup under fire conditions.

FIRE INCOMPATIBILITY• Avoid contamination with oxidising agents i.e. nitrates, oxidising acids, chlorine bleaches, pool chlorine

etc. as ignition may result.

HAZCHEM(1) NOT APPLICABLE TO THE CARRIAGE OF DANGEROUS GOODS UNDER RID OR ADR

Personal Protective EquipmentBreathing apparatus.Gas tight chemical resistant suit.Limit exposure duration to 1 BA set 30 mins.

Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES

MINOR SPILLS• Clean up all spills immediately.• Avoid breathing vapours and contact with skin and eyes.• Wear protective clothing, impervious gloves and safety glasses.• Shut off all possible sources of ignition and increase ventilation.• Wipe up.• If safe, damaged cans should be placed in a container outdoors, away from all ignition sources, until

pressure has dissipated.• Undamaged cans should be gathered and stowed safely.

MAJOR SPILLS• Clear area of personnel and move upwind.• Alert Fire Brigade and tell them location and nature of hazard.• May be violently or explosively reactive.• Wear breathing apparatus plus protective gloves.• Prevent, by any means available, spillage from entering drains or water courses• No smoking, naked lights or ignition sources.• Increase ventilation.• Stop leak if safe to do so.• Water spray or fog may be used to disperse / absorb vapour.• Absorb or cover spill with sand, earth, inert materials or vermiculite.

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CD 2011/2 Page 6 of 27Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES

• If safe, damaged cans should be placed in a container outdoors, away from ignition sources, until pressurehas dissipated.

• Undamaged cans should be gathered and stowed safely.• Collect residues and seal in labelled drums for disposal.

PROTECTIVE ACTIONS FOR SPILL

From IERG (Canada/Australia)Isolation Distance -Downwind Protection Distance 8 metresIERG Number 49

FOOTNOTES1 PROTECTIVE ACTION ZONE is defined as the area in which people are at risk of harmful exposure. This zoneassumes that random changes in wind direction confines the vapour plume to an area within 30 degrees oneither side of the predominant wind direction, resulting in a crosswind protective action distance equal tothe downwind protective action distance.2 PROTECTIVE ACTIONS should be initiated to the extent possible, beginning with those closest to the spilland working away from the site in the downwind direction. Within the protective action zone a level of vapourconcentration may exist resulting in nearly all unprotected persons becoming incapacitated and unable to takeprotective action and/or incurring serious or irreversible health effects.3 INITIAL ISOLATION ZONE is determined as an area, including upwind of the incident, within which a highprobability of localised wind reversal may expose nearly all persons without appropriate protection to life-threatening concentrations of the material.4 SMALL SPILLS involve a leaking package of 200 litres (55 US gallons) or less, such as a drum (jerrican orbox with inner containers). Larger packages leaking less than 200 litres and compressed gas leaking from asmall cylinder are also considered "small spills".

LARGE SPILLS involve many small leaking packages or a leaking package of greater than 200 litres, such asa cargo tank, portable tank or a "one-tonne" compressed gas cylinder.5 Guide 126 is taken from the US DOT emergency response guide book.6 IERG information is derived from CANUTEC - Transport Canada.

Personal Protective Equipment advice is contained in Section 8 of the MSDS.

Section 7 - HANDLING AND STORAGE

PROCEDURE FOR HANDLING• Avoid all personal contact, including inhalation.

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CD 2011/2 Page 7 of 27Section 7 - HANDLING AND STORAGE

• Wear protective clothing when risk of exposure occurs.• Use in a well-ventilated area.• Prevent concentration in hollows and sumps.• DO NOT enter confined spaces until atmosphere has been checked.• Avoid smoking, naked lights or ignition sources.• Avoid contact with incompatible materials.• When handling, DO NOT eat, drink or smoke.• DO NOT incinerate or puncture aerosol cans.• DO NOT spray directly on humans, exposed food or food utensils.• Avoid physical damage to containers.• Always wash hands with soap and water after handling.• Work clothes should be laundered separately.• Use good occupational work practice.• Observe manufacturer's storing and handling recommendations.• Atmosphere should be regularly checked against established exposure standards to ensure safe working conditions are maintained.DO NOT spray directly on humans, exposed food or food utensils.

SUITABLE CONTAINER• Aerosol dispenser.• Check that containers are clearly labelled.

STORAGE INCOMPATIBILITY• Avoid reaction with oxidising agents.

STORAGE REQUIREMENTS• Store in an upright position.• Outside or detached storage is preferred.• Keep dry to avoid corrosion of cans. Corrosion may result in container perforation and internal pressure may eject contents of can.• Store in original containers in approved flammable liquid storage area.• DO NOT store in pits, depressions, basements or areas where vapours may be trapped.• No smoking, naked lights, heat or ignition sources.• Keep containers securely sealed. Contents under pressure.• Store away from incompatible materials.• Store in a cool, dry, well ventilated area.• Avoid storage at temperatures higher than 40 deg C.• Store in an upright position.• Protect containers against physical damage.• Check regularly for spills and leaks.• Observe manufacturer's storing and handling recommendations._____________________________________________________

SAFE STORAGE WITH OTHER CLASSIFIED CHEMICALS

+ X X X X +_____________________________________________________+: May be stored togetherO: May be stored together with specific preventionsX: Must not be stored together

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CD 2011/2 Page 8 of 27

Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION

EXPOSURE CONTROLSSource Material TWA ppm TWA STEL STEL Peak Peak TWA Notes

mg/m³ ppm mg/m³ ppm mg/m³ F/CC___________ ___________ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______Australia acetone (Acetone) 500 1185 1000 2375ExposureStandardsAustralia white spirit 790 (seeExposure (White spirits) ChapterStandards 16)Australia white spirit 900 (seeExposure (Petrol ChapterStandards (gasoline)) 16)Australia titanium dioxide 10 (seeExposure (Titanium dioxide ChapterStandards (a)) 14)Australia hydrocarbon 1000 1800Exposure propellant (LPGStandards (liquified

petroleum gas))

The following materials had no OELs on our records• alkyd resin - unregulated: CAS:63148- 69- 6

EMERGENCY EXPOSURE LIMITSMaterial Revised IDLH Value (mg/m³) Revised IDLH Value (ppm)acetone 265 2,500 [LEL]acetone 159 1,500white spirit|20342 20,000white spirit 1 1,000 [LEL]white spirit 1 1,100 [LEL]titanium dioxide|10971 5,000hydrocarbon propellant 0 2,000 [LEL]

NOTESValues marked LEL indicate that the IDLH was based on 10% of the lower explosive limit for safetyconsiderations even though the relevant toxicological data indicated that irreversible health effects orimpairment of escape existed only at higher concentrations.

ODOUR SAFETY FACTOR (OSF)OSF=0.042 (white spirit)■ Exposed individuals are NOT reasonably expected to be warned, by smell, that the Exposure Standard is beingexceeded.

Odour Safety Factor (OSF) is determined to fall into either Class C, D or E.

The Odour Safety Factor (OSF) is defined as:

OSF= Exposure Standard (TWA) ppm/ Odour Threshold Value (OTV) ppm

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CD 2011/2 Page 9 of 27Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION

Classification into classes follows:

Class OSF DescriptionA 550 Over 90% of exposed individuals are aware by smell that

the Exposure Standard (TLV- TWA for example) is beingreached, even when distracted by working activities

B 26- 550 As " A" for 50- 90% of persons being distractedC 1- 26 As " A" for less than 50% of persons being distractedD 0.18- 1 10- 50% of persons aware of being tested perceive by

smell that the Exposure Standard is being reachedE <0.18 As " D" for less than 10% of persons aware of being

tested

.

MATERIAL DATAHYDROCARBON PROPELLANT:ISO-BUTANE:

■ For butane:Odour Threshold Value: 2591 ppm (recognition)Butane in common with other homologues in the straight chain saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon series is not

characterised by its toxicity but by its narcosis-inducing effects at high concentrations. The TLV is basedon analogy with pentane by comparing their lower explosive limits in air. It is concluded that this limitwill protect workers against the significant risk of drowsiness and other narcotic effects.

Odour Safety Factor(OSF)OSF=0.22 (n-BUTANE).

ALKYD RESIN - UNREGULATED:■ These "dusts" have little adverse effect on the lungs and do not produce toxic effects or organic

disease. Although there is no dust which does not evoke some cellular response at sufficiently highconcentrations, the cellular response caused by P.N.O.C.s has the following characteristics:

• the architecture of the air spaces remain intact,• scar tissue (collagen) is not synthesised to any degree,• tissue reaction is potentially reversible.Extensive concentrations of P.N.O.C.s may:• seriously reduce visibility,• cause unpleasant deposits in the eyes, ears and nasal passages,• contribute to skin or mucous membrane injury by chemical or mechanical action, per se, or by the

rigorous skin cleansing procedures necessary for their removal. [ACGIH]This limit does not apply:• to brief exposures to higher concentrations• nor does it apply to those substances that may cause physiological impairment at lower concentrations

but for which a TLV has as yet to be determined.This exposure standard applies to particles which• are insoluble or poorly soluble* in water or, preferably, in aqueous lung fluid (if data is available)

and• have a low toxicity (i.e.. are not cytotoxic, genotoxic, or otherwise chemically reactive with lung

tissue, and do not emit ionizing radiation, cause immune sensitization, or cause toxic effects other than byinflammation or by a mechanism of lung overload).

ACETONE:■ Odour Threshold Value: 3.6 ppm (detection), 699 ppm (recognition)Saturation vapour concentration: 237000 ppm @ 20 C

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NOTE: Detector tubes measuring in excess of 40 ppm, are available.Exposure at or below the recommended TLV-TWA is thought to protect the worker against mild irritation

associated with brief exposures and the bioaccumulation, chronic irritation of the respiratory tract andheadaches associated with long-term acetone exposures. The NIOSH REL-TWA is substantially lower and has takeninto account slight irritation experienced by volunteer subjects at 300 ppm. Mild irritation to acclimatisedworkers begins at about 750 ppm - unacclimatised subjects will experience irritation at about 350-500 ppm butacclimatisation can occur rapidly. Disagreement between the peak bodies is based largely on the view by ACGIHthat widespread use of acetone, without evidence of significant adverse health effects at higherconcentrations, allows acceptance of a higher limit.

Half-life of acetone in blood is 3 hours which means that no adjustment for shift-length has to be madewith reference to the standard 8 hour/day, 40 hours per week because body clearance occurs within any shiftwith low potential for accumulation.

A STEL has been established to prevent excursions of acetone vapours that could cause depression of thecentral nervous system.

Odour Safety Factor(OSF)OSF=38 (ACETONE).Exposed individuals are reasonably expected to be warned, by smell, that the Exposure Standard is being

exceeded.Odour Safety Factor (OSF) is determined to fall into either Class A or B.The Odour Safety Factor (OSF) is defined as:OSF= Exposure Standard (TWA) ppm/ Odour Threshold Value (OTV) ppmClassification into classes follows:

Class OSF DescriptionA 550 Over 90% of exposed individuals

are aware by smell that theExposure Standard (TLV- TWA forexample) is being reached, evenwhen distracted by workingactivities

B 26- 550 As " A" for 50- 90% of personsbeing distracted

C 1- 26 As " A" for less than 50% ofpersons being distracted

D 0.18- 1 10- 50% of persons aware ofbeing tested perceive by smellthat the Exposure Standard isbeing reached

E <0.18 As " D" for less than 10% ofpersons aware of being tested

.

WHITE SPIRIT:■ for benzeneOdour Threshold Value: 34 ppm (detection), 97 ppm (recognition)NOTE: Detector tubes for benzene, measuring in excess of 0.5 ppm, are commercially available. The relative

quality of epidemiological data and quantitative health risk assessments related to documented andtheoretical leukaemic deaths constitute the basis of the TLV-recommendation.

One study [Dow Chemical] demonstrates a significant fourfold increase in myelogenous leukaemia for workersexposed to average benzene concentrations of about 5 ppm for an average of 9 years and that 2 out of fourindividuals in the study who died from leukaemia were characterised as having been exposed to average benzenelevels below 2 ppm. Based on such findings the estimated risk of leukaemia in workers exposed at dailybenzene concentrations of 10 ppm for 40 years is 155 times that of unexposed workers; at 1 ppm the risk fallsto 1.7 times whilst at 0.1 ppm the risk is about the same in the two groups. A revision of the TLV-TWA to 0.1

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ppm was proposed in 1990 but this has been revised upwards as result of industry initiatives.Typical toxicities displayed following inhalation:• At 25 ppm (8 hours): no effect• 50-150 ppm: signs of intoxication within 5 hours• 500-1500 ppm: signs of intoxication within 1 hour• 7500 ppm: severe intoxication within 30-60 minutes• 20000 ppm: fatal within 5-10 minutesSome jurisdictions require that health surveillance be conducted on occupationally exposed workers. Some

surveillance should emphasise (i) demography, occupational and medical history and health advice (ii)baseline blood sample for haematological profile (iii) records of personal exposure.

Odour threshold: 0.25 ppm.The TLV-TWA is protective against ocular and upper respiratory tract irritation and is recommended for

bulk handling of gasoline based on calculations of hydrocarbon content of gasoline vapour. A STEL isrecommended to prevent mucous membrane and ocular irritation and prevention of acute depression of thecentral nervous system. Because of the wide variation in molecular weights of its components, the conversionof ppm to mg/m3 is approximate. Sweden recommends hexane type limits of 100 ppm and heptane and octane typelimits of 300 ppm. Germany does not assign a value because of the widely differing compositions and resultantdifferences in toxic properties.

Odour Safety Factor (OSF)OSF=0.042 (gasoline).For white spirit:Low and high odour thresholds of 5.25 and 157.5 mg/m3, respectively, were considered to provide a rather

useful index of odour as a warning property.The TLV-TWA is calculated from data on the toxicities of the major ingredients and is intended to minimise

the potential for irritative and narcotic effects, polyneuropathy and kidney damage produced by vapours.The NIOSH (USA) REL-TWA of 60 ppm is the same for all refined petroleum solvents. NIOSH published an

occupational "action level" of 350 mg/m3 for exposure to Stoddard solvent, assuming a 10-hour work shift anda 40-hour work-week. The NIOSH-REL ceiling of 1800 mg/m3 was established to protect workers from short-termeffects that might produce vertigo or other adverse effects which might increase the risk of occupationalaccidents. Combined (gross) percutaneous absorption and inhalation exposure (at concentrations associatedwith nausea) are thought, by some, to be responsible for the development of frank hepatic toxicity andjaundice.

Odour Safety Factor (OSF)OSF=0.042 (white spirit).

TITANIUM DIOXIDE:■ Sensory irritants are chemicals that produce temporary and undesirable side-effects on the eyes, nose or

throat. Historically occupational exposure standards for these irritants have been based on observation ofworkers' responses to various airborne concentrations. Present day expectations require that nearly everyindividual should be protected against even minor sensory irritation and exposure standards are establishedusing uncertainty factors or safety factors of 5 to 10 or more. On occasion animal no-observable-effect-levels (NOEL) are used to determine these limits where human results are unavailable. An additional approach,typically used by the TLV committee (USA) in determining respiratory standards for this group of chemicals,has been to assign ceiling values (TLV C) to rapidly acting irritants and to assign short-term exposurelimits (TLV STELs) when the weight of evidence from irritation, bioaccumulation and other endpoints combineto warrant such a limit. In contrast the MAK Commission (Germany) uses a five-category system based onintensive odour, local irritation, and elimination half-life. However this system is being replaced to beconsistent with the European Union (EU) Scientific Committee for Occupational Exposure Limits (SCOEL); thisis more closely allied to that of the USA.

OSHA (USA) concluded that exposure to sensory irritants can:• cause inflammation• cause increased susceptibility to other irritants and infectious agents• lead to permanent injury or dysfunction• permit greater absorption of hazardous substances and• acclimate the worker to the irritant warning properties of these substances thus increasing the risk of

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overexposure.Animals exposed by inhalation to 10 mg/m3 titanium dioxide show no significant fibrosis, possibly

reversible tissue reaction. The architecture of lung air spaces remains intact.

HYDROCARBON PROPELLANT:■ For propaneOdour Safety Factor(OSF)OSF=0.16 (PROPANE).

ISO-BUTANE:■ May act as a simple asphyxiants; these are gases which, when present in high concentrations, reduce the

oxygen content in air below that required to support breathing, consciousness and life; loss of consciousness,with death by suffocation may rapidly occur in an oxygen deficient atmosphere.

CARE: Most simple asphyxiants are odourless or possess low odour and there is no warning on entry into anoxygen deficient atmosphere. If there is any doubt, oxygen content can be checked simply and quickly. It maynot be appropriate to only recommend an exposure standard for simple asphyxiants rather it is essential thatsufficient oxygen be maintained. Air normally has 21 percent oxygen by volume, with 18 percent regarded asminimum under normal atmospheric pressure to maintain consciousness / life. At pressures significantly higheror lower than normal atmospheric pressure, expert guidance should be sought.

Isobutane Odour Threshold Value: 1.2 ppm

PERSONAL PROTECTION

EYE• Safety glasses with side shields.• Chemical goggles.• Contact lenses may pose a special hazard; soft contact lenses may absorb and concentrate irritants. A

written policy document, describing the wearing of lens or restrictions on use, should be created for eachworkplace or task. This should include a review of lens absorption and adsorption for the class ofchemicals in use and an account of injury experience. Medical and first-aid personnel should be trained intheir removal and suitable equipment should be readily available. In the event of chemical exposure, begineye irrigation immediately and remove contact lens as soon as practicable. Lens should be removed at thefirst signs of eye redness or irritation - lens should be removed in a clean environment only after workershave washed hands thoroughly. [CDC NIOSH Current Intelligence Bulletin 59], [AS/NZS 1336 or nationalequivalent].

HANDS/FEET• No special equipment needed when handling small quantities.• OTHERWISE:• For potentially moderate exposures:• Wear general protective gloves, eg. light weight rubber gloves.• For potentially heavy exposures:• Wear chemical protective gloves, eg. PVC. and safety footwear.

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OTHER■ No special equipment needed when handling small quantities.OTHERWISE:• Overalls.• Skin cleansing cream.• Eyewash unit.• Do not spray on hot surfaces.

RESPIRATOR•Type AX Filter of sufficient capacity. (AS/NZS 1716 & 1715, EN 143:2000 & 149:2001, ANSI Z88 or nationalequivalent)

The local concentration of material, quantity and conditions of use determine the type of personal protectiveequipment required. For further information consult site specific CHEMWATCH data (if available), or yourOccupational Health and Safety Advisor.

ENGINEERING CONTROLS■ Engineering controls are used to remove a hazard or place a barrier between the worker and the hazard. Well-designed engineering controls can be highly effective in protecting workers and will typically be independentof worker interactions to provide this high level of protection.The basic types of engineering controls are:Process controls which involve changing the way a job activity or process is done to reduce the risk.Enclosure and/or isolation of emission source which keeps a selected hazard "physically" away from the workerand ventilation that strategically "adds" and "removes" air in the work environment. Ventilation can removeor dilute an air contaminant if designed properly. The design of a ventilation system must match theparticular process and chemical or contaminant in use.Employers may need to use multiple types of controls to prevent employee overexposure.

General exhaust is adequate under normal conditions. If risk of overexposure exists, wear SAA approvedrespirator. Correct fit is essential to obtain adequate protection.Provide adequate ventilation in warehouse or closed storage areas.Air contaminants generated in the workplace possess varying "escape" velocities which, in turn, determine the"capture velocities" of fresh circulating air required to effectively remove the contaminant.

Type of Contaminant: Speed:aerosols, (released at low velocity into zone 0.5- 1 m/sof active generation)direct spray, spray painting in shallow booths, 1- 2.5 m/s (200- 500 f/min.)gas discharge (active generation into zone ofrapid air motion)

Within each range the appropriate value depends on:

Lower end of the range Upper end of the range1: Room air currents minimal or favourable to 1: Disturbing room air currentscapture2: Contaminants of low toxicity or of nuisance 2: Contaminants of high toxicityvalue only.3: Intermittent, low production. 3: High production, heavy use4: Large hood or large air mass in motion 4: Small hood- local control only

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Simple theory shows that air velocity falls rapidly with distance away from the opening of a simpleextraction pipe. Velocity generally decreases with the square of distance from the extraction point (insimple cases). Therefore the air speed at the extraction point should be adjusted, accordingly, afterreference to distance from the contaminating source. The air velocity at the extraction fan, for example,should be a minimum of 1-2 m/s (200-400 f/min.) for extraction of solvents generated in a tank 2 metersdistant from the extraction point. Other mechanical considerations, producing performance deficits within theextraction apparatus, make it essential that theoretical air velocities are multiplied by factors of 10 ormore when extraction systems are installed or used.

Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

APPEARANCE■ Supplied as an aerosol pack. Contents under PRESSURE. Contains highly flammable hydrocarbon propellant.Coloured highly flammable liquid with a mild solvent odour; does not mixwith water.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIESLiquid.Gas.Does not mix with water.Floats on water.

State Liquid Molecular Weight Not ApplicableMelting Range (°C) Not Available Viscosity Not AvailableBoiling Range (°C) 40- 200 Solubility in water (g/L) ImmiscibleFlash Point (°C) - 22 (OC- lit) pH (1% solution) Not ApplicableDecomposition Temp (°C) Not Available pH (as supplied) Not ApplicableAutoignition Temp (°C) 250 Vapour Pressure (kPa) UNDER PRESSUREUpper Explosive Limit (%) 18.0 Specific Gravity (water=1) 0.8- 0.9Lower Explosive Limit (%) 1.0 Relative Vapour Density >1

(air=1)Volatile Component (%vol) >60 Evaporation Rate Not Available

acetonelog Kow (Prager 1995): - 0.24log Kow (Sangster 1997): - 0.24iso- butanelog Kow (Sangster 1997): 2.76

Section 10 - STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

CONDITIONS CONTRIBUTING TO INSTABILITY• Elevated temperatures.• Presence of open flame.• Product is considered stable.• Hazardous polymerisation will not occur.For incompatible materials - refer to Section 7 - Handling and Storage.

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CD 2011/2 Page 15 of 27

Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS

ACUTE HEALTH EFFECTS

SWALLOWED■ Not normally a hazard due to physical form of product.Considered an unlikely route of entry in commercial/industrial environments.Accidental ingestion of the material may be damaging to the health of the individual.Swallowing of the liquid may cause aspiration into the lungs with the risk of chemical pneumonitis; seriousconsequences may result. (ICSC13733).Central nervous system (CNS) depression may include general discomfort, symptoms of giddiness, headache,dizziness, nausea, anaesthetic effects, slowed reaction time, slurred speech and may progress tounconsciousness. Serious poisonings may result in respiratory depression and may be fatal.Ingestion of petroleum hydrocarbons can irritate the pharynx, oesophagus, stomach and small intestine, andcause swellings and ulcers of the mucous. Symptoms include a burning mouth and throat; larger amounts cancause nausea and vomiting, narcosis, weakness, dizziness, slow and shallow breathing, abdominal swelling,unconsciousness and convulsions. Damage to the heart muscle can produce heart beat irregularities,ventricular fibrillation (fatal) and ECG changes. The central nervous system can be depressed. Light speciescan cause a sharp tingling of the tongue and cause loss of sensation there. Aspiration can cause cough,gagging, pneumonia with swelling and bleeding.

EYE■ This material can cause eye irritation and damage in some persons.Direct eye contact with petroleum hydrocarbons can be painful, and the corneal epithelium may be temporarilydamaged. Aromatic species can cause irritation and excessive tear secretion.

SKIN■ Skin contact with the material may damage the health of the individual; systemic effects may resultfollowing absorption.The material may cause mild but significant inflammation of the skin either following direct contact or aftera delay of some time. Repeated exposure can cause contact dermatitis which is characterised by redness,swelling and blistering.Spray mist may produce discomfort.Entry into the blood-stream, through, for example, cuts, abrasions or lesions, may produce systemic injurywith harmful effects. Examine the skin prior to the use of the material and ensure that any external damageis suitably protected.Aromatic hydrocarbons may produce sensitivity and redness of the skin. They are not likely to be absorbedinto the body through the skin but branched species are more likely to.

INHALED■ Inhalation of aerosols (mists, fumes), generated by the material during the course of normal handling, maybe damaging to the health of the individual.There is some evidence to suggest that the material can cause respiratory irritation in some persons. Thebody's response to such irritation can cause further lung damage.Material is highly volatile and may quickly form a concentrated atmosphere in confined or unventilated areas.Vapour is heavier than air and may displace and replace air in breathing zone, acting as a simple asphyxiant.This may happen with little warning of overexposure.Inhalation of acetone causes central nervous system depression, light-headedness, incoherent speech, inco-ordination, stupor, low blood pressure, fast pulse, metabolic acidosis, high blood sugar and ketosis. Rarely,convulsions and tubular necrosis may be evident. Other symptoms of exposure may include restlessness,headache, vomiting, low blood pressure and rapid and irregular pulse, eye and throat irritation, weakness ofthe legs and dizziness. Inhalation of high concentrations may produce dryness of the mouth and throat, nausea,

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CD 2011/2 Page 16 of 27Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

inco-ordinated movement, loss of co-ordinated speech, drowsiness, and in severe cases, coma. Inhalation ofacetone vapours over long periods causes irritation of the airways, coughing and headache. Rats exposed to aconcentration of 5.22% for 1 hour showed clear signs of sleepiness; deaths occurred at 12.66%.WARNING:Intentional misuse by concentrating/inhaling contents may be lethal.If exposure to highly concentrated solvent atmosphere is prolonged this may lead to narcosis, unconsciousness,even coma and possible death.

CHRONIC HEALTH EFFECTS■ Principal route of occupational exposure to the gas is by inhalation.Substance accumulation, in the human body, may occur and may cause some concern following repeated or long-term occupational exposure.Workers exposed to acetone for long periods showed inflammation of the airways, stomach and small bowel,attacks of giddiness and loss of strength. Exposure to acetone may enhance the liver toxicity of chlorinatedsolvents.Constant or exposure over long periods to mixed hydrocarbons may produce stupor with dizziness, weakness andvisual disturbance, weight loss and anaemia, and reduced liver and kidney function. Skin exposure may resultin drying and cracking and redness of the skin. Chronic exposure to lighter hydrocarbons can cause nervedamage, peripheral neuropathy, bone marrow dysfunction and psychiatric disorders as well as damage the liverand kidneys.WARNING: Aerosol containers may present pressure related hazards.Chronic solvent inhalation exposures may result in nervous system impairment and liver and blood changes.[PATTYS].

TOXICITY AND IRRITATION■ unless otherwise specified data extracted from RTECS - Register of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances.

HYDROCARBON PROPELLANT:ALKYD RESIN - UNREGULATED:■ No significant acute toxicological data identified in literature search.

TITANIUM DIOXIDE:ACETONE:■ The material may cause skin irritation after prolonged or repeated exposure and may produce on contact skinredness, swelling, the production of vesicles, scaling and thickening of the skin.

WATTYL KILLRUST GLOSS ENAMEL AEROSOL (MCRLF):■ Not available. Refer to individual constituents.

ALKYD RESIN - UNREGULATED:■ "alkyd resin" describes a generic insoluble polymer which has no residual hazardous reactants and is notabsorbed in the gastro-intestinal tract. No acute or chronic human exposure / toxicity data available. Almostalways in solvent solution - the hazard is from the solvent.

ACETONE:TOXICITY IRRITATIONOral (man) TDLo: 2857 mg/kg Eye (human): 500 ppm - IrritantOral (rat) LD50: 5800 mg/kg Eye (rabbit): 3.95 mg - SEVEREInhalation (human) TCLo: 500 ppm Eye (rabbit): 20mg/24hr - ModerateInhalation (man) TCLo: 12000 ppm/4 hr Skin (rabbit):395mg (open) - MildInhalation (man) TCLo: 10 mg/m³/6 hr Skin (rabbit): 500 mg/24hr - MildInhalation (rat) LC50: 50100 mg/m³/8 hrDermal (rabbit) LD50: 20000 mg/kg■ for acetone:The acute toxicity of acetone is low. Acetone is not a skin irritant or sensitiser but is a defatting agent

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to the skin. Acetone is an eye irritant. The subchronic toxicity of acetone has been examined in mice andrats that were administered acetone in the drinking water and again in rats treated by oral gavage. Acetone-induced increases in relative kidney weight changes were observed in male and female rats used in the oral 13-week study. Acetone treatment caused increases in the relative liver weight in male and female rats that werenot associated with histopathologic effects and the effects may have been associated with microsomal enzymeinduction. Haematologic effects consistent with macrocytic anaemia were also noted in male rats along withhyperpigmentation in the spleen. The most notable findings in the mice were increased liver and decreasedspleen weights. Overall, the no-observed-effect-levels in the drinking water study were 1% for male rats (900mg/kg/d) and male mice (2258 mg/kg/d), 2% for female mice (5945 mg/kg/d), and 5% for female rats (3100mg/kg/d). For developmental effects, a statistically significant reduction in foetal weight, and a slight,but statistically significant increase in the percent incidence of later resorptions were seen in mice at 15,665 mg/m3 and in rats at 26,100 mg/m3. The no-observable-effect level for developmental toxicity wasdetermined to be 5220 mg/m3 for both rats and mice.Teratogenic effects were not observed in rats and mice tested at 26,110 and 15,665 mg/m3, respectively.Lifetime dermal carcinogenicity studies in mice treated with up to 0.2 mL of acetone did not reveal anyincrease in organ tumor incidence relative to untreated control animals.The scientific literature contains many different studies that have measured either the neurobehaviouralperformance or neurophysiological response of humans exposed to acetone. Effect levels ranging from about 600to greater than 2375 mg/m3 have been reported. Neurobehavioral studies with acetone-exposed employees haverecently shown that 8-hr exposures in excess of 2375 mg/m3 were not associated with any dose-related changesin response time, vigilance, or digit span scores. Clinical case studies, controlled human volunteer studies,animal research, and occupational field evaluations all indicate that the NOAEL for this effect is 2375 mg/m3or greater.

WHITE SPIRIT:TOXICITY IRRITATIONInhalation (human) TCLo: 600 mg/m³/8h Nil ReportedOral (rat) LD50: >5000 mg/kg Eye (human): 470 ppm/15mInhalation (rat) LC50: >5500 mg/m³/4h Eye (rabbit): 500 mg/24h Moderate■ for petroleum:This product contains benzene which is known to cause acute myeloid leukaemia and n-hexane which has beenshown to metabolize to compounds which are neuropathic.This product contains toluene. There are indications from animal studies that prolonged exposure to highconcentrations of toluene may lead to hearing loss.This product contains ethyl benzene and naphthalene from which there is evidence of tumours in rodentsCarcinogenicity: Inhalation exposure to mice causes liver tumours, which are not considered relevant tohumans. Inhalation exposure to rats causes kidney tumours which are not considered relevant to humans.Mutagenicity: There is a large database of mutagenicity studies on gasoline and gasoline blending streams,which use a wide variety of endpoints and give predominantly negative results. All in vivo studies in animalsand recent studies in exposed humans (e.g. petrol service station attendants) have shown negative results inmutagenicity assays.Reproductive Toxicity: Repeated exposure of pregnant rats to high concentrations of toluene (around orexceeding 1000 ppm) can cause developmental effects, such as lower birth weight and developmentalneurotoxicity, on the foetus. However, in a two-generation reproductive study in rats exposed to gasolinevapour condensate, no adverse effects on the foetus were observed.Human Effects: Prolonged/ repeated contact may cause defatting of the skin which can lead to dermatitis andmay make the skin more susceptible to irritation and penetration by other materials.

Lifetime exposure of rodents to gasoline produces carcinogenicity although the relevance to humans has beenquestioned. Gasoline induces kidney cancer in male rats as a consequence of accumulation of the alpha2-microglobulin protein in hyaline droplets in the male (but not female) rat kidney. Such abnormal accumulationrepresents lysosomal overload and leads to chronic renal tubular cell degeneration, accumulation of celldebris, mineralisation of renal medullary tubules and necrosis. A sustained regenerative proliferation occursin epithelial cells with subsequent neoplastic transformation with continued exposure. The alpha2-microglobulin is produced under the influence of hormonal controls in male rats but not in females and, more

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importantly, not in humans.white spirit, as CAS RN 8052-41-3

TITANIUM DIOXIDE:TOXICITY IRRITATIONOral (Rat) LD50: >20000 mg/kg * Skin (human): 0.3 mg /3D (int)- Mild *Oral (Mouse) LD50: >10000 mg/kg *■ The material may produce moderate eye irritation leading to inflammation. Repeated or prolonged exposure toirritants may produce conjunctivitis.Exposure to titanium dioxide is via inhalation, swallowing or skin contact. When inhaled, it may deposit inlung tissue and lymph nodes causing dysfunction of the lungs and immune system. Absorption by the stomach andintestines depends on the size of the particle. It penetrated only the outermost layer of the skin,suggesting that healthy skin may be an effective barrier. There is no substantive data on genetic damage,though cases have been reported in experimental animals. Studies have differing conclusions on its cancer-causing potential.* IUCLID

HYDROCARBON PROPELLANT:■ inhalation of the gas.

ISO-BUTANE:TOXICITY IRRITATIONInhalation (Mouse) LC50: 52 mg/kg/1h **WISER

CARCINOGENCrude oil International Agency Group 3

for Research on Cancer(IARC) - AgentsReviewed by the IARCMonographs

Titanium dioxide International Agency Group 2Bfor Research on Cancer(IARC) - AgentsReviewed by the IARCMonographs

Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

ISO-BUTANE:HYDROCARBON PROPELLANT:■ For isobutane:Refrigerant Gas: Saturated Hydrocarbons have zero ozone depletion potential (ODP) and will photodegrade underatmospheric conditions. [Calor Gas]Environmental FateTerrestrial fate: An estimated Koc value of 35 suggests that isobutane will have very high mobility in soil.Its very high Henry's Law constant, 4.08 atm-cu m/mole, (calculated from its vapor pressure and watersolubility, high vapor pressure, 2611 mm Hg at 25 deg C, and low adsorptivity to soil indicate thatvolatilisation will be an important fate process from both moist and dry soil surfaces. Isobutane isbiodegradable, especially under acclimated conditions, and may biodegrade in soil.Aquatic fate: The estimated Koc value suggests that isobutane would not adsorb to sediment and particulatematter in the water column. Additional evidence that isobutane is not removed to sediment has been obtained

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CD 2011/2 Page 19 of 27Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

from microcosm experiments. Isobutane will readily volatilise from water based on its estimated Henry's Lawconstant of 4.08 atm-cu m/mole. Estimated half-lives for a model river and model lake are 2.2 hr and 3.0 days,respectively. An estimated BCF value of 74 based on the log Kow suggests that isobutane will notbioconcentrate in aquatic organisms.Results indicate that gas exchange is the dominant removal mechanism for isobutane gases from the watercolumn following a hypothetical input. The volatilisation half-lives for isobutane from the water columns innatural estuaries are estimated to be 4.4 and 6.8 days at 20 and 10 deg C, respectively.Isobutane also biodegrades in the microcosm at a rate that is slower than for n-butane and falls betweenpropane and ethane in susceptibility. Biodegradation of isobutane initially occurs with a half-lives of 16-26days at 20 deg C and 33-139 days at 10 deg C, significantly slower than the loss predicted by gas exchangefrom typical natural estuaries. However, after a lag of 2-4 weeks, the biodegradation rate increases markedlyso that in the case of chronic inputs, biodegradation can become the dominant removal mechanism.Atmospheric fate:: Isobutane is a gas at ordinary temperatures. It is degraded in the atmosphere by reactionwith photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is 6.9 days, assuminga hydroxyl radical concn of 5x105 radicals per cubic cm. When isobutane was exposed to sunlight for 6 hr in atedlar bag filled with Los Angeles air, 6% of the isobutane degraded The air contained 4529 ppb-Chydrocarbons and 870 ppb of NOX. The tropospheric loss of volatile hydrocarbons such as isobutane by wet anddry deposition are believed to be of minor importance. Indeed, isobutane assimilated into precipitation mayevaporate during transport as well as being reemitted into the atmosphere after deposition. Isobutane is acontributor to the production of PAN (peroxyacyl nitrates) under photochemical smog conditions.

WHITE SPIRIT:TITANIUM DIOXIDE:HYDROCARBON PROPELLANT:ISO-BUTANE:ACETONE:■ DO NOT discharge into sewer or waterways.

ALKYD RESIN - UNREGULATED:

ACETONE:■ For ketones:Ketones, unless they are alpha, beta--unsaturated ketones, can be considered as narcosis or baseline toxicitycompoundsHydrolysis may also involve the addition of water to ketones to yield ketals under mild acid conditions.However, this addition of water is thermodynamically favorable only for low molecular weight ketones. Thisaddition is an equilibrium reaction that is reversible upon a change of water concentration and the reactionultimately leads to no permanent change in the structure of the ketone substrateThe higher molecular weightketones do no form stable ketals. Therefore, the ketones are stable to water under ambient environmentalconditionsAnother possible reaction of ketones in water involves the enolic hydrogen on the carbons bonded to thecarbonyl function. Under conditions of high pH (pH greater than 10), the enolic proton is abstracted by base(OH-) forming a carbanion intermediate that may react with other organic substrates (e.g., ketones, esters,aldehydes) containing a center for nucleophilic attack. The reactions, commonly recognized as condensationreactions, produce higher molecular weight products. Under ambient conditions of temperature, pH, and lowconcentration, these condensation reactions are unfavorable.Based on its reactions in air, it seems likely that ketones undergo photolysis in water. It is probable thatketones will be biodegraded to an appreciable degree by micro-organisms in soil and water. They are unlikelyto bioconcentrate or biomagnify.for acetone:log Kow: -0.24Half-life (hr) air: 312-1896Half-life (hr) H2O surface water: 20Henry's atm m3 /mol: 3.67E-05BOD 5: 0.31-1.76,46-55%

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COD: 1.12-2.07ThOD: 2.2BCF: 0.69Environmental fate:Acetone preferentially locates in the air compartment when released to the environment. A substantial amountof acetone can also be found in water, which is consistent with the high water to air partition coefficientand its small, but detectable, presence in rain water, sea water, and lake water samples. Very little acetoneis expected to reside in soil, biota, or suspended solids. This is entirely consistent with the physical andchemical properties of acetone and with measurements showing a low propensity for soil absorption and a highpreference for moving through the soil and into the ground waterIn air, acetone is lost by photolysis and reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals; theestimated half-life of these combined processes is about 22 days. The relatively long half-life allowsacetone to be transported long distances from its emission source.Acetone is highly soluble and slightly persistent in water, with a half-life of about 20 hours; it isminimally toxic to aquatic life.Acetone released to soil volatilises although some may leach into the ground where it rapidly biodegrades.Acetone does not concentrate in the food chain.Acetone meets the OECD definition of readily biodegradable which requires that the biological oxygen demand(BOD) is at least 70% of the theoretical oxygen demand (THOD) within the 28-day test periodDrinking Water Standard: none available.Soil Guidelines: none available.Air Quality Standards: none available.Ecotoxicity:Testing shows that acetone exhibits a low order of toxicityFish LC50: brook trout 6070 mg/l; fathead minnow 15000 mg/lBird LC0 (5 day): Japanese quail, ring-neck pheasant 40,000 mg/lDaphnia magna LC50 (48 h): 15800 mg/l; NOEC 8500 mg/lAquatic invertebrate 2100 - 16700 mg/lAquatic plant NOEC: 5400-7500 mg/lDaphnia magna chronic NOEC 1660 mg/lAcetone vapors were shown to be relatively toxic to two types insects and their eggs. The time to 50%lethality (LT50) was found to be 51.2 hr and 67.9 hr when the flour beetle (Tribolium confusum) and the flourmoth (Ephestia kuehniella) were exposed to an airborne acetone concentration of 61.5 mg/m3. The LT50 valuesfor the eggs were 30-50% lower than for the adult. The direct application of acetone liquid to the body ofthe insects or surface of the eggs did not, however, cause any mortality.The ability of acetone to inhibit cell multiplication has been examined in a wide variety of microorganisms.The results have generally indicated mild to minimal toxicity with NOECs greater than 1700 mg/L for exposureslasting from 6 hr to 4 days. Longer exposure periods of 7 to 8 days with bacteria produced mixed results; butoverall the data indicate a low degree of toxicity for acetone. The only exception to these findings were theresults obtained with the flagellated protozoa (Entosiphon sulcatum) which yielded a 3-day NOEC of 28 mg/L.

WHITE SPIRIT:■ For petroleum derivatives:Chemical analysis for all individual compounds in a petroleum bulk product released to the environment isgenerally unrealistic due to the complexity of these mixtures and the laboratory expense. Determining thechemical composition of a petroleum release is further complicated by hydrodynamic, abiotic, and bioticprocesses that act on the release to change the chemical character.The longer the release is exposed to the environment, the greater the change in chemical character and theharder it is to obtain accurate analytical results reflecting the identity of the release. After extensiveweathering, detailed knowledge of the original bulk product is often less valuable than current site-specificinformation on a more focused set of hydrocarbon components. Health assessment efforts are frequentlyfrustrated by three primary problems: (1) the inability to identify and quantify the individual compoundsreleased to the environment as a consequence of a petroleum spill; (2) the lack of information characterizingthe fate of the individual compounds in petroleum mixtures; and (3) the lack of specific health guidancevalues for the majority of chemicals present in petroleum products. To define the public health implications

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associated with exposure to petroleum hydrocarbons, it is necessary to have a basic understanding ofpetroleum properties, compositions, and the physical, chemical, biological, and toxicological properties ofthe compounds most often identified as the key chemicals of concern.Environmental fate:Petroleum products released to the environment migrate through soil via two general pathways: (1) as bulk oilflow infiltrating the soil under the forces of gravity and capillary action, and (2) as individual compoundsseparating from the bulk petroleum mixture and dissolving in air or water. When bulk oil flow occurs, itresults in little or no separation of the individual compounds from the product mixture and the infiltrationrate is usually fast relative to the dissolution rate. Many compounds that are insoluble and immobile inwater are soluble in bulk oil and will migrate along with the bulk oil flow. Factors affecting the rate ofbulk oil infiltration include soil moisture content, vegetation, terrain, climate, rate of release (e.g.,catastrophic versus slow leakage), soil particle size (e.g., sand versus clay), and oil viscosity (e.g.,gasoline versus motor oil).As bulk oil migrates through the soil column, a small amount of the product mass is retained by soilparticles. The bulk product retained by the soil particles is known as "residual saturation".Depending upon the persistence of the bulk oil, residual saturation can potentially reside in the soil foryears. Residual saturation is important as it determines the degree of soil contamination and can act as acontinuing source of contamination for individual compounds to separate from the bulk product and migrateindependently in air or groundwater. Residual saturation is important as it determines the degree of soilcontamination and can act as a continuing source of contamination for individual compounds to separate fromthe bulk product and migrate independently in air or groundwater. When the amount of product released to theenvironment is small relative to the volume of available soil, all of the product is converted to residualsaturation and downward migration of the bulk product usually ceases prior to affecting groundwaterresources. Adverse impacts to groundwater may still occur if rain water infiltrates through soil containingresidual saturation and initiates the downward migration of individual compounds. When the amount of productreleased is large relative to the volume of available soil, the downward migration of bulk product ceases aswater-saturated pore spaces are encountered. If the density of the bulk product is less than that of water,the product tends to "float" along the interface between the water saturated and unsaturated zones and spreadhorizontally in a pancake-like layer, usually in the direction of groundwater flow. Almost all motor andheating oils are less dense than water. If the density of the bulk product is greater than that of water, theproduct will continue to migrate downward through the water table aquifer under the continued influence ofgravity. Downward migration ceases when the product is converted to residual saturation or when animpermeable surface is encountered.As the bulk product migrates through the soil column, individual compounds may separate from the mixture andmigrate independently. Chemical transport properties such as volatility, solubility, and sorption potentialare often used to evaluate and predict which compounds will likely separate from the mixture. Since petroleumproducts are complex mixtures of hundreds of compounds, the compounds characterized by relatively high vaporpressures tend to volatilise and enter the vapor phase. The exact composition of these vapors depends on thecomposition of the original product. Using gasoline as an example, compounds such as butane, propane, benzene,toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene are preferentially volatilised. Because volatility represents transfer ofthe compound from the product or liquid phase to the air phase, it is expected that the concentration of thatcompound in the product or liquid phase will decrease as the concentration in the air phase increases.In general, compounds having a vapor pressure in excess of 10-2 mm Hg are more likely to be present in theair phase than in the liquid phase. Compounds characterized by vapor pressures less than 10-7 mm Hg are morelikely to be associated with the liquid phase. Compounds possessing vapor pressures that are less than 10-2mm Hg, but greater than 10-7 mm Hg, will have a tendency to exist in both the air and the liquid phases.Lighter petroleum products such as gasoline contain constituents with higher water solubility and volatilityand lower sorption potential than heavier petroleum products such as fuel oil.Data compiled from gasoline spills and laboratory studies indicate that these light-fraction hydrocarbonstend to migrate readily through soil, potentially threatening or affecting groundwater supplies. In contrast,petroleum products with heavier molecular weight constituents, such as fuel oil, are generally morepersistent in soils, due to their relatively low water solubility and volatility and high sorption capacity.Solubility generally decreases with increasing molecular weight of the hydrocarbon compounds. For compoundshaving similar molecular weights, the aromatic hydrocarbons are more water soluble and mobile in water thanthe aliphatic hydrocarbons and branched aliphatics are less water-soluble than straight-chained aliphatics.

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Aromatic compounds in petroleum fuels may comprise as much as 50% by weight; aromatic compounds in the C6-C13,range made up approximately 95% of the compounds dissolved in water.Indigenous microbes found in many natural settings (e.g., soils, groundwater, ponds) have been shown to becapable of degrading organic compounds. Unlike other fate processes that disperse contaminants in theenvironment, biodegradation can eliminate the contaminants without transferring them across media.The final products of microbial degradation are carbon dioxide, water, and microbial biomass. The rate ofhydrocarbon degradation depends on the chemical composition of the product released to the environment aswell as site-specific environmental factors. Generally the straight chain hydrocarbons and the aromatics aredegraded more readily than the highly branched aliphatic compounds. The n-alkanes, n-alkyl aromatics, and thearomatics in the C10-C22 range are the most readily biodegradable; n-alkanes, n-alkyl aromatics, andaromatics in the C5-C9 range are biodegradable at low concentrations by some microorganisms, but aregenerally preferentially removed by volatilisation and thus are unavailable in most environments; n-alkanesin the C1-C4 ranges are biodegradable only by a narrow range of specialized hydrocarbon degraders; and n-alkanes, n-alkyl aromatics, and aromatics above C22 are generally not available to degrading microorganisms.Hydrocarbons with condensed ring structures, such as PAHs with four or more rings, have been shown to berelatively resistant to biodegradation. PAHs with only 2 or 3 rings (e.g., naphthalene, anthracene) are moreeasily biodegraded. PAHs with only 2 or 3 rings (e.g., naphthalene, anthracene) are more easily biodegraded.A large proportion of the water-soluble fraction of the petroleum product may be degraded as the compounds gointo solution. As a result, the remaining product may become enriched in the alicyclics, the highly branchedaliphatics, and PAHs with many fused rings.In almost all cases, the presence of oxygen is essential for effective biodegradation of oil. Anaerobicdecomposition of petroleum hydrocarbons leads to extremely low rates of degradation. The ideal pH range topromote biodegradation is close to neutral (6-8). For most species, the optimal pH is slightly alkaline, thatis, greater than 7. The moisture content of the contaminated soil will affect biodegradation of oils due todissolution of the residual compounds, dispersive actions, and the need for microbial metabolism to sustainhigh activity. The moisture content in soil affects microbial locomotion, solute diffusion, substrate supply,and the removal of metabolic by-products. Biodegradation rates in soils are also affected by the volume ofproduct released to the environment. At concentrations of 0.5% of oil by volume, the degradation rate in soilis fairly independent of oil concentrations. However, as oil concentration rises, the first order degradationrate decreases and the oil degradation half-life increases. Ultimately, when the oil reaches saturationconditions in the soil (i.e., 30-50% oil), biodegradation virtually ceases.Excessive moisture will limit the gaseous supply of oxygen for enhanced decomposition of petroleumhydrocarbons. Most studies indicate that optimum moisture content is within 50-70% of the water holdingcapacity.All biological transformations are affected by temperature. Generally, as the temperature increases,biological activity tends to increase up to a temperature where enzyme denaturation occurs. The presence ofoil should increase soil temperature, particularly at the surface. The darker color increases the heatcapacity by adsorbing more radiation. The optimal temperature for biodegradation to occur ranges from 18 C to30 C. Minimum rates would be expected at 5 C or lower.

TITANIUM DIOXIDE:■ Metal-containing inorganic substances generally have negligible vapour pressure and are not expected topartition to air. Once released to surface waters and moist soils their fate depends on solubility anddissociation in water. Environmental processes (such as oxidation and the presence of acids or bases) maytransform insoluble metals to more soluble ionic forms. Microbiological processes may also transforminsoluble metals to more soluble forms. Such ionic species may bind to dissolved ligands or sorb to solidparticles in aquatic or aqueous media. A significant proportion of dissolved/ sorbed metals will end up insediments through the settling of suspended particles. The remaining metal ions can then be taken up byaquatic organisms.When released to dry soil most metals will exhibit limited mobility and remain in the upper layer; some willleach locally into ground water and/ or surface water ecosystems when soaked by rain or melt ice.Environmental processes may also be important in changing solubilities.Even though many metals show few toxic effects at physiological pHs, transformation may introduce new ormagnified effects.A metal ion is considered infinitely persistent because it cannot degrade further.

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The current state of science does not allow for an unambiguous interpretation of various measures ofbioaccumulation.The counter-ion may also create heath and environmental concerns once isolated from the metal. Under normalphysiological conditions the counter-ion may be essentially insoluble and may not be bioavailable.Environmental processes may enhance bioavailability.

HYDROCARBON PROPELLANT:■ for Petroleum Hydrocarbon Gases:Environmental fate:The environmental fate characteristics of petroleum hydrocarbon gases are governed by these physical-chemicalattributes. All components of these gases will partition to the air where interaction with hydroxyl radicalsis an important fate process. Hydrocarbons having molecular weights represented in these streams areinherently biodegradable, but their tendency to partition to the atmosphere would prevent their bioticdegradation in water and soils. However, if higher molecular weight fractions of these streams enter theaquatic or terrestrial environment, biodegradation may be an important fate mechanism.The majority of components making up hydrocarbon gases typically have low melting and boiling points. Theyalso have high vapor pressures and low octanol/water partition coefficients. The aqueous solubilities ofthese substances vary, and range from approximately 22 parts per million to several hundred parts permillion. The environmental fate characteristics of refinery gases are governed by these physical-chemicalattributes. Components of the hydrocarbon gas streams will partition to the air, and photodegradationreactions will be an important fate process for many of the hydrocarbon components. The hydrocarbons in thesemixtures are inherently biodegradable, but due to their tendency to partition to the atmosphere,biodegradation is not anticipated to be an important fate mechanisms. However, if released to water or soil,some of the higher molecular weight fractions may become available for microbial attack. The inorganic gasesare chemically stable and may be lost to the atmosphere or simply become involved in the environmentalrecycling of their atoms. Some show substantial water solubility, but their volatility eventually causesthese gases to enter the atmosphere.Substances in Refinery Gases that volatilise to air may undergo a gas-phase oxidation reaction withphotochemically produced hydroxyl radicals (OH-). Atmospheric oxidation as a result of hydroxyl radicalattack is not direct photochemical degradation, but rather indirect degradation Indirect photodegradation ofthe hydrocarbon components in Refinery Gases can be an important fate process for these constituents. Ingeneral, half lives decrease with increasing carbon chain length. Half lives for this fraction of RefineryGases ranged from 960 days (methane) to 0.16 days (butadiene). The constituents of the C5- C6 hydrocarbonfraction have photodegradation half-lives of approximately two days.The hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon constituents in Refinery Gases do not contain the functional groups orchemical linkages known to undergo hydrolysis reactions. Therefore hydrolysis will not play an important rolein the environmental fate for the components in Refinery Gas streams.Biodegradation of the hydrocarbon components in refinery gases may occur in soil and water. Gaseoushydrocarbons are widespread in nature and numerous types of microbes have evolved which are capable ofoxidizing these substances as their sole energy source . Although volatilization is the predominant behaviorfor these gases, sufficient aqueous solubility and bioavailability is exhibited by these compounds. The useof gaseous carbon sources for cell growth is common among autotrophic organisms . Higher chain lengthhydrocarbons typical of naphtha streams also are known to inherently biodegrade in the environmentEcotoxicity:Acute LC/EC50 values for the hydrocarbon components of these gas streams ranged roughly from 1 to 100 mg/L.Although the LC/EC50 data for the individual gases illustrate the potential toxicity to aquatic organisms,aqueous concentrations from releases of these gases would likely not persist in the aquatic environment for asufficient duration to elicit toxicity. Based on a simple conceptual exposure model analysis, emissions ofpetroleum hydrocarbon gases to the atmosphere would not likely result in acutely toxic concentrations inadjacent water bodies because such emissions will tend to remain in the atmosphere.Several of the constituents in refinery gases were shown to be highly hazardous to aquatic organisms inlaboratory toxicity tests where exposure concentrations can be maintained over time. Hydrogen sulfide wasshown to be the most toxic constituent to fish (LC50 ranged 0.007 to 0.2 mg/L) and invertebrates (EC50 ranged0.022 to 1.07 mg/L), although several LC/EC50 values for ammonia also were below 1 mg/l for these organisms(0.083 to 4.6 mg/L and 0.53 to 22.8 mg/L, respectively).

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For propane:Environmental FateTerrestrial fate:: An estimated Koc value of 460 determined from a log Kow of 2.36 indicates that propane isexpected to have moderate mobility in soil. Volatilisation of propane from moist soil surfaces is expected tobe an important fate process given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 7.07x10-1 atm-cu m/mole, derived fromits vapor pressure, 7150 mm Hg, and water solubility, 62.4 mg/L. Propane is expected to volatilise from drysoil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Using cell suspensions of microorganisms isolated from soil andwater, propane was oxidised to acetone within 24 hours, suggesting that biodegradation may be an importantfate process in soil and sediment.Aquatic fate: The estimated Koc value indicates that propane is expected to adsorb to suspended solids andsediment. Volatilisation from water surfaces is expected based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant. Usingthis Henry's Law constant volatilisation half-lives for a model river and model lake are estimated to be 41minutes and 2.6 days, respectively. An estimated BCF of 13.1 using log Kow suggests the potential forbioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. After 192 hr, the trace concentration of propane contained ingasoline remained unchanged for both a sterile control and a mixed culture sample collected from ground watercontaminated with gasoline. This indicates that biodegradation may not be an important fate process in water.Atmospheric fate:: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in theatmosphere and vapour pressure, propane is expected to exist solely as a gas in the ambient atmosphere. Gas-phase propane is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; thehalf-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 14 days, calculated from its rate constant of 1.15x10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 deg C. Propane does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nmand therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight.

ISO-BUTANE:

EcotoxicityIngredient Persistence: Persistence: Air Bioaccumulation Mobility

Water/SoilWattyl Killrust Gloss Enamel No Data No DataAerosol (MCRLF) Available Availablealkyd resin - unregulated No Data No Data

Available Availableacetone LOW HIGH LOW HIGHwhite spirit No Data No Data

Available Availabletitanium dioxide HIGH No Data LOW HIGH

Availablehydrocarbon propellant No Data No Data

Available Availableiso- butane HIGH No Data LOW HIGH

Available

Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS

• Consult State Land Waste Management Authority for disposal.• Discharge contents of damaged aerosol cans at an approved site.• Allow small quantities to evaporate.• DO NOT incinerate or puncture aerosol cans.• Bury residues and emptied aerosol cans at an approved site.

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CD 2011/2 Page 25 of 27

Section 14 - TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION

Labels Required: FLAMMABLE GAS

HAZCHEM: 2YE (ADG7)

Land Transport UNDG:Class or division 2.1 Subsidiary risk: NoneUN No.: 1950 UN packing group: NoneShipping Name:AEROSOLS

Air Transport IATA:UN/ID Number: 1950 Packing Group: -Special provisions: A145Cargo OnlyPacking Instructions: 203 Maximum Qty/Pack: 150 kgPassenger and Cargo Passenger and CargoPacking Instructions: Y203 Maximum Qty/Pack: 75 kgPassenger and Cargo Limited Quantity Passenger and Cargo Limited QuantityPacking Instructions: 203 Maximum Qty/Pack: 30 kg G

Shipping Name: AEROSOLS, FLAMMABLE

Maritime Transport IMDG:IMDG Class: 2 IMDG Subrisk: SP63UN Number: 1950 Packing Group: NoneEMS Number: F-D,S-U Special provisions: 63 190 277 327 344 959Limited Quantities: See SP277Shipping Name: AEROSOLS

Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION

POISONS SCHEDULE S5

REGULATIONS

Regulations for ingredients

alkyd resin - unregulated (CAS: 63148-69-6) is found on the following regulatory lists;"Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)"

acetone (CAS: 67-64-1) is found on the following regulatory lists;"Australia Exposure Standards","Australia Hazardous Substances","Australia High Volume Industrial Chemical

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CD 2011/2 Page 26 of 27Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION

List (HVICL)","Australia Illicit Drug Reagents/Essential Chemicals - Category III","Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)","Australia National Pollutant Inventory","Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Medicines and Poisons (SUSMP) - Appendix E (Part 2)","Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Medicines and Poisons (SUSMP) - Appendix F (Part 3)","Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Medicines and Poisons (SUSMP) - Schedule 5","GESAMP/EHS Composite List - GESAMP Hazard Profiles","IMO IBC Code Chapter 18: List of products to which the Code does not apply","IMO MARPOL 73/78 (Annex II) - List of Other Liquid Substances","International Fragrance Association (IFRA) Survey: Transparency List"

white spirit (CAS: 8052-41-3) is found on the following regulatory lists;"Australia Exposure Standards","Australia Hazardous Substances","Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)","Australia Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Medicines and Poisons (SUSMP) - Appendix E (Part 2)","IMO IBC Code Chapter 17: Summary of minimum requirements","IMO Provisional Categorization of Liquid Substances - List 2: Pollutant only mixtures containing at least 99% by weight of components already assessed by IMO","International Council of Chemical Associations (ICCA) - High Production Volume List"

titanium dioxide (CAS: 13463-67-7,1317-70-0,1317-80-2,12188-41-9,1309-63-3,100292-32-8,101239-53-6,116788-85-3,12000-59-8,12701-76-7,12767-65-6,12789-63-8,1344-29-2,185323-71-1,185828-91-5,188357-76-8,188357-79-1,195740-11-5,221548-98-7,224963-00-2,246178-32-5,252962-41-7,37230-92-5,37230-94-7,37230-95-8,37230-96-9,39320-58-6,39360-64-0,39379-02-7,416845-43-7,494848-07-6,494848-23-6,494851-77-3,494851-98-8,55068-84-3,55068-85-4,552316-51-5,62338-64-1,767341-00-4,97929-50-5,98084-96-9) is found on the following regulatory lists;"Australia Exposure Standards","Australia High Volume Industrial Chemical List (HVICL)","Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)","Australia Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) Substances that may be used as active ingredients in Listed medicines","Australia Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) Sunscreening agents permitted as active ingredients in listed products","CODEX General Standard for Food Additives (GSFA) -Additives Permitted for Use in Food in General, Unless Otherwise Specified, in Accordance with GMP","GESAMP/EHS Composite List - GESAMP Hazard Profiles","IMO IBC Code Chapter 17: Summary of minimum requirements","International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) - Agents Reviewed by the IARC Monographs","International Fragrance Association (IFRA) Survey: Transparency List"

hydrocarbon propellant (CAS: 68476-85-7,68476-86-8) is found on the following regulatory lists;"Australia Exposure Standards","Australia Hazardous Substances","Australia High Volume Industrial Chemical List (HVICL)","Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)"

iso-butane (CAS: 75-28-5) is found on the following regulatory lists;"Australia Hazardous Substances","Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)","International Council of Chemical Associations (ICCA) - High Production Volume List"

No data for Wattyl Killrust Gloss Enamel Aerosol (MCRLF) (CW: 5047-15)

Section 16 - OTHER INFORMATION

INGREDIENTS WITH MULTIPLE CAS NUMBERSIngredient Name CAStitanium dioxide 13463-67-7, 1317-70-0, 1317-80-2, 12188-41-9, 1309-63-3, 100292-32-8, 101239-53-6, 116788-85-3, 12000-59-8, 12701-76-7, 12767-65-6, 12789-63-8, 1344-29-2, 185323-71-1, 185828-91-5,188357-76-8, 188357-79-1, 195740-11-5, 221548-98-7, 224963-00-2, 246178-32-5, 252962-41-7, 37230-92-5,37230-94-7, 37230-95-8, 37230-96-9, 39320-58-6, 39360-64-0, 39379-02-7, 416845-43-7, 494848-07-6,494848-23-6, 494851-77-3, 494851-98-8, 55068-84-3, 55068-85-4, 552316-51-5, 62338-64-1, 767341-00-4,97929-50-5, 98084-96-9hydrocarbon propellant 68476-85-7, 68476-86-8

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CD 2011/2 Page 27 of 27Section 16 - OTHER INFORMATION

■ Classification of the preparation and its individual components has drawn on official and authoritative sources as well as independent review by the Chemwatch Classification committee using available literature references.A list of reference resources used to assist the committee may be found at: www.chemwatch.net/references.

■ The (M)SDS is a Hazard Communication tool and should be used to assist in the Risk Assessment. Many factors determine whether the reported Hazards are Risks in the workplace or other settings. Risks may be determined by reference to Exposures Scenarios. Scale of use, frequency of use and current or available engineering controls must be considered.

This document is copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of private study, research, review orcriticism, as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part may be reproduced by any process without writtenpermission from CHEMWATCH. TEL (+61 3) 9572 4700.

Issue Date: 18-Jan-2011Print Date: 15-Sep-2011

This is the end of the MSDS.

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