Watershed Development Department Government of …watershed.kar.nic.in/SujalaIII_Doc_files/PIP_12.07.2012.pdf · Annexure – VIII : Preparation of Net Plan and Detailed Project Report

I

Watershed Development Department Government of Karnataka

India

Project Implementation Plan

OF

KARNATAKA WATERSHED PROJECT II (SUJALA III)

03 JULY 2015

II

ACRONYMS

AET : Actual Evapo Transportation

AHO : Assistant Horticultural Officer

AIR : All India Radio

ANTRIX : Antariksha

AO : Agricultural Officer

APD : Additional Project Director

ATMA : Agricultural Technology Management Agency

AWS : Automatic Weather Station

BMP : Best Management Practices

BPL : Below Poverty Line

CAS : Country Assistance Strategy

CB : Capacity Building

CBO : Community Based Organization

CEO : Chief Executive Officer

CGWB : Central Groundwater Board

CN : Concept Note

DAHVS : Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Services

DEM : Digital Elevation Model

DL : Digital Library

DLC : District Level committee

DLRC : District Level Review Committee

DMG : Department of Mines and Geology

DOA : Department of Agriculture

DOAH : Department of Animal Husbandry

DOH : Department of Horticulture

DPC : Detail Project Committee

DPR : Detail Project Report

DSS : Decision Support System

DWDO : District Watershed Development officer

DWDT : District Watershed Development Team

EC : Executive committee

ED : Executive Director

III

EOI : Expression of Interest

ESMF : Environmental Social Management Framework

FM : Finance Management

FMPC : Finance Management and procurement cell

FYP : Five Year Plan

GIS : Geographic Information System

GOI : Government of India

GOK : Government of Karnataka

GP : Grama Panchayat

HD : Horticulture Department

HOPCOMS : Horticulture Producers Cooperative Marketing Society

ICAR : Indian council of Agricultural Research

ICRISAT : International Crops Research Institute for Semi Arid Tropics

ICT : Information Communication Tools

IDA : International Development Association

IIHR : Indian Institute of Horticultural Research

IISc : Indian Institute of Science

INM : Integrated Nutrient Management

IPM : Integrated Pest Management

ISO : International Standard Organization

ISRO : Indian Space Research Organization

IT : Information Technology

IUFR : Interim Unaudited Financial Reports

IWMP : Integrated Watershed Management Project

KSNDMC : Karnataka State Natural Disaster Monitoring center

KSRSAC : Karnataka State Remote Sensing Application Centre

KVA&FSW : Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University

KVKs : Krishi Vigyan Kendra

KWDP : Karnataka Watershed Development Project

LCC : Land Capability Class

LR : Land Resource

LRI : Land Resource Inventory

LU : Land Use

IV

M&E : Monitoring and Evaluation

MEL&D : Monitoring Evaluation, Learning and Documentation

MIS : Management of Information System

MNREGS : Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme

MOA : Ministry of Agriculture

MOU : Memorandum of Understanding

MWs : Micro Watersheds

NABARD : National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development

NBSS&LUP : National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning

NGO : Non-Governmental Organization

NRAA : National Rainfed Area Authority

NREGS : National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme

NRHM : National Rainfed Horticultural Mission

NRM : Natural Resource Management

OGC : Open Geo Consortium

PDO : Project Development objective

PEC : Project Empowered committee

PET : Potential Evapo Transpiration

PIA : Project Implementation Agency

PMSC : Project Management Support Cell

PPA : Pre Project Activity

PPMU : Project planning and Management Unit

PRA : Participatory Rural Appraisal

PTC : Project Technical Cell

R&D : Research and Development

RDPR : Rural Development and Panchayat Raj.

REC : Research and Extension Cell

RFO : Range Forest Officer

RIDF : Rural Infrastructure Development Fund

RRSSC : Regional Remote Sensing Service Centre

RSK : Raitha Samparka Kendras

SATCOM : Satellite Communication

SAUs : State Agricultural Universities

V

SC : Scheduled Caste

SDLC : Software Development Life Cycle

SHG : Self Help Group

SLNA : State Level Nodal Agency

SLUSI : Soil and Land Use Survey of India

SRS : System Requirement Specifications

ST : Schedules Tribe

SWS : Sub-Watershed

TGA : Total Geographical Area

TSP : Total Solution Provider

TWDO : Taluk watershed Development officer

TWDT : Taluk Watershed Development Team

UG : User Group

UHS : University of Horticultural Science

UK : United Kingdom

WA : Watershed Assistant

WAP : Watershed Action Plan

WB : World Bank

WC : Watershed Committee

WCDC : Watershed Cell cum Data Centre

WDD : Watershed Development Department

WMDSS : Watershed Management Decision Support System

ZP : Zilla Panchayat

ZREAC : Zonal Research and Extension Advisory Council

VI

CONTENTS

Particulars Page

No

Chapter-1

1 Introduction 1

1.1 Lessons learned in KWDP -I Sujala-I 2

1.2 Project Districts 2

1.3 Project Location and Beneficiaries 4

1.4 Project Approach 4

1.5 Implementation support 5

1.6 Key Focus Areas of the Project 5

1.7 Project Development Objective (PDO) 6

1.8 The project phasing and links with IWMP and NREGS 6

Chapter-2

2 Project Components

2.1 Component 1: Support for Improved Programme Integration in Rainfed

Areas

8

2.2 Component 2. Research, Development and Innovation 12

2.3 Component 3: Institutional Strengthening 15

2.4 Component 4. Strengthening Horticulture in Rainfed Areas 18

Chapter-3

3 Implementation Arrangements 24

3.1 Project Implementing Agency 24

3.2 Project Partners 24

3.3 Project Partners at different levels with Roles 25

3.4 Collaboration with other Agencies 29

3.5 Project Management 30

3.6 Project Planning and Management Unit 31

3.7 Project Technical Cell (PTC) 33

VII

3.8 Research and Extension Cell (REC) 33

3.9 Finance Management and Procurement Cell (FMPC) 33

3.10 Project management from District level to community level 34

3.11 Project Management Support Cell (PMSC) 34

3.12 Training Advisory Group 34

Chapter-4

4 Description of project components

4.1 Component 1: Support for Improved Programme Integration in Rainfed

Areas

35

Sub Component: 1.1 Development of a Digital Spatial-Data Library 35

Land Resource Inventory and GIS Database 36

Present Status of the Database 36

Role of the Nodal centres in acquiring primary and secondary data, mapping

and digitisation.

38

Community Inter-phasing 40

Responsibilities of the partners in the LRI 42

Training needs (Capacity building) for project personnel and user agencies 45

Training Framework to familiarize the use of DL, DSS and LR Portal 46

Action plan for covering 933 micro watersheds under Sujala III 49

A. Establishment and Maintenance of Digital Library 50

B. Establishment of Land Resources Portal (LR Portal) 54

Sub-component 1.2: Sub-Watershed Assessment (SWA) 57

Land Resource Survey 58

Thematic outputs needed 59

Land Resource maps 59

Preparation of conservation and Land Use Plan 61

Sub-component 1.3: Developing and piloting new decision-support models

(DSS)

63

Decision Support System 64

Functions of DSS (at different levels) 66

Utility of the System 67

Roles / Responsibilities of Partners / Agencies 68

Capacity Building and Training 68

VIII

Sub-component 1.4: Micro-watershed master planning 69

Participatory Planning 71

New Planning 71

Preparing plans 72

Role of Various partners / Agencies / Institutions during planning 72

Synchronizing the Sujala concept into IWMP 76

Action Points for NREGS Convergence 78

1.5. Intensive monitoring and documentation at local level 79

4.2 Component 2: Research, Development and Innovation 79

4.2.1 Research for integrated land management and agricultural intensification 80

4.2.2 Integrated Hydrological Assessment and Monitoring 84

4.2.3 Technology transfer 94

4.2.4 Strengthening research management 95

4.3 Component – 3 Institutional Strengthening-Capacity Building 101

4.3.1 Infrastructure improvements 103

Identified Workshops 104

Identified Modules 105

Identified Trainings 107

4.5 Component 5. Project Management and Coordination 110

4.5.1 Sub-component 5.1 Human resources 110

4.5.2 Sub-component 5.2 Financial management and procurement 111

4.5.3 Sub-component 5.3 Project monitoring and evaluation 112

Chapter-5

5 Pre Project Studies under taken under the KWDP-II (SUJALA-III) 119

5.1 Comprehensive Base line Survey of the project districts 119

5.2 Social Assessment Study 123

5.3 Environmental Assessment –EMF Report 126

Chapter 6

6 Right to Information Act 137

6.1 Schematic Diagram of RTI Structure 137

6.2 RTI Process Diagram 139

IX

6.3 Grievances Redressal 140

Annexure – I : Agro Climatic characteristics of Project districts 142

Annexure – II : Particulars of Watersheds proposed for KWDP – II (Phase I) 143

Annexure - III : Abstract of Watersheds proposed for KWDP – II (Phase I) 145

Annexure – IV : Need for Land Resource Inventory 146

Annexure – V : Sequence of activities involved in the execution of Land Resource

Inventory in watershed areas

148

Annexure - VI : Tools, Equipment and facilities required for LRI 156

Annexure – VII : Decision Support System 162

Acquisition of Pre-requisites for development of WMDSS 162

Development of WMDSS tool 162

Implementation of WMDSS 163

Annexure – VIII : Preparation of Net Plan and Detailed Project Report in IWMP 164

Annexure – IX : Schemes of Horticulture Department Suited to Watershed Areas 166

Annexure – X : Project monitoring indicators 168

Annexure – XI : Project Gantt Chart 177

Annexure – XII : Karnataka Watershed Development Project II and Integrated Watershed Management Programme – Process Diagram

200

Annexure - XIII : Project Cost Table 201

X

LIST OF FIGURES

Particulars Page

No 1 Project districts. 3

2 Organogram - Overall Project Management 29

3 Districts to be surveyed by the Nodal centres 41

4 Training Frame work in Component 1 45

5 Schematic figure indicating the flow of datasets from different sources

to the DL

51

6 Configuration of Digital Library 53

7 LP Deliverables 55

8 Schematic configuration of the Land Resources Portal 56

9 From Land Resource Inventory to Land Use Planning 62

9.1 Schematic representation of Component 1 63

10 Typical Workflow of WMDSS 66

11 New Planning Process 75

12 Integrated participatory approach in establishing the hydrological

monitoring network

92

13 Schematic Representation of component 2 97

14 Information Flow for Monitoring & Evaluation 118

1

Chapter-1

Introduction

Discussions between the World Bank, Government of India (GOI) and Government of

Karnataka (GOK) resulted in the formulation of a new Watershed Development

Project. Watershed Development Projects in Karnataka are popularly known as

“Sujala” (Su: is Good, Jala: is water). The proposed project will be known as Karnataka

Watershed Development Project II (KWDP II). This will be third in Sujala series

(SUJALA III). The Sujala I was World Bank assisted project implemented in 6

Districts during 2002 to 2009 whereas Sujala II is NABARD (RIDF) assisted project

implemented in 6 Districts during 2008 to 2014 other than Sujala I districts and also

proposed Sujala III districts.

The proposed new project will address the following three important areas:

• Integrating watershed development with all other land-based research and

developmental programmes. This would help rainfed farmers access a range of

information tools, adopt innovations and diversify crop, horticulture and livestock

production and improve the value chain through Best Management Practices

within their particular farming systems.

• Better understanding of hydrological dynamics for scientific management of

water and quantification of upstream and downstream effects of watershed

interventions to enable better targeted interventions to address surface and

groundwater management issues and minimise negative externalities.

• To develop science-based land and water management practices for effective

convergence of the IWMP approach with the employment-based MNREGS-

financed soil and water conservation programmes. This will enable Gram

Panchayats (GP), communities and policy makers to adopt scientific strategies to

tackle local problems and livelihood issues through a robust Decision Support

System.

Such interventions have so far not been a part of planned watershed development,

although some provisions for convergence into Watershed Net Plans exist. The

Watershed Development Department in Karnataka is well-positioned to pilot such an

approach by building on the success of the earlier Bank-supported Karnataka

Watershed Development Project I (KWDP -I) (Sujala-I).

2

1.1 Lessons learned in KWDP -I Sujala-I:

• Combining watershed and livelihoods interventions to establish quality economic

benefits.

• Knowledge of the hydrological behaviour of micro and macro-watersheds is

essential for effective management of the scarce water-resource.

• The participatory approaches adopted in Sujala-I for conservation and management

of natural resources helped to improved productivity and livelihoods.

• Concurrent monitoring and evaluation enable improvements in the implementation

of the project for success.

• Empowerment of lead farmers as local champions for future leadership encourages

farmers to adopt improved technologies.

In the backdrop of the range of lessons learnt, the proposed project design has been

evolved into a model that complements the ongoing IWMP through technical support

and facilitates convergence between IWMP and MNREGS (Mahatma Gandhi National

Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme) including the activities and programmes of line

departments.

The current KWDP-II (SUJALA-III) - project’s success depends on development of an

effective model for convergent-implementation-plan which would contribute to

sustainable improvements in conserving the productivity of natural resources and

livelihoods of small farmers in rainfed areas, while improving the effectiveness of

public expenditure.

1.2 Project Districts

Karnataka Watershed Development Project II (Sujala-III) was to be implemented over

a period of six years and as a part of the centrally financed IWMP planned for the

selected 7 project districts, namely Bidar, Gulbarga, Yadgir, Gadag, Koppal,

Davangere, and Chamarajanagar subsequently 4 CGIAR districts such as Tumkur,

Bijapur, Raichur and Chikkamagalur were also added (Fig 1). The Agro Climatic

characteristics of Project districts is furnished in Annexure. – I

* IWMP is an ongoing GOI programme that supports participatory watershed management, preparation of soil and water conservation “net plans”, production systems and micro-enterprises, livelihood development through Self-Help Groups, and monitoring and evaluation of implementation and impacts.

3

Fig 1 Project districts.

4

1.3 Project Location and Beneficiaries:

Project’s Name Karnataka Watershed Development Project - KWDP-II

(SUJALA - III)

Project Period April 2013 – Dec 2018 - Six Years

Project Cost GOK Rs. 154.30 (30%) + World Bank Rs. 360.00 (70%) =

Total Rs. 514.30 Crore.

Location Eleven districts: Bidar, Gulbarga. Yadgir, Koppal, Gadag,

Davanagere Chamarajanagar, Tumkur, Bijapur, Raichur and

Chikkamagalur.

Average Annual

Rainfall

Between 595 mm and 890 mm over 35 to 43 rainy days.

Total Area 931 MWS covering 4,46,954 ha - Annexure - II & III

Farmers Covered 159,775 farmers.

(Indirectly benefits 319,550 ha of cropped land area operated

by 159,775 farmers.)

Small Farmers Small farm holders account for 66 percent of the project

farmers

Landless Families 39,400 landless families.

Drought Rainfed agriculture covering about 278,000 ha in the project

area, experiences at least two drought years in a five-year

cycle due to prolonged dry spells during crop season and/or

delayed onset of the monsoon

The KWDP-II aims to increase the productivity of natural resources through scientific

management of 931 MWS covering 4,46,954 ha. The project proposes to complement

IWMP activities in these 931 MWSs for scientific integrated planning and

development.

1.4 Project Approach

Three key pillars of the World Bank’s Countries Assistance Strategy (CAS) for India

are:

• Helping to achieve rapid inclusive growth and poverty reduction in rainfed areas

through improved agricultural productivity and rural livelihoods;

• Ensuring sustainable development through improved natural resource management

(especially water), with resilience to climate change; and

5

• Increasing the effectiveness of service delivery, by covering integrated watershed

management with other development programmes adopting science-based

approaches.

The project specifically targets convergence of scientific knowledge and R&D

innovations in crop production and watershed management and strengthening of

institutional capacities to enhance overall productivity of natural resources.

The project involves the landscape-analysis approach for development of knowledge

base and design of decision tools to promote watershed participatory planning by

integrating programmes related to Agriculture, Horticulture, Forestry, Animal

Husbandry and Fisheries and Groundwater activities along with IWMP & MNREGS

for land development and NRM under Environment Social Management Framework

(ESMF).

1.5 Implementation support

Implementation support will focus on the quality of research and development (studies,

tools, etc), adoptive trials for demonstration and incorporation of these ideas in

watershed operations. Capacity building activities will also be reviewed, especially

those designed to strengthen agricultural extension service delivery. Other key areas of

focus for implementation support will be integration of sectoral development

programmes and broader programme convergence between IWMP and MNREGS with

soil and water conservation operations. Resulting in integrated participatory planning

process leading to improved IWMP planning process.

1.6 Key Focus Areas of the Project

KWDP-II (SUJALA-III) project will address following key areas:

• Improving the integration of watershed development, agricultural programmes, and

related research. This will help small farmers take up innovations and key schemes,

have better access to a range of information tools and support mechanisms,

improve value addition, and diversify crop, horticulture and livestock productivity

within their particular farming systems.

• Better understanding of hydrological dynamics based on good science and

integrated into watershed plans. This will help in better targeted interventions.

6

• Augmenting the capacity of the community as well as local institutions to

effectively integrate MNREGS watershed interventions, to address correct

positioning of structures, and to ensure technical quality.

• Thus, Dovetailing MNREGA with IWMP to ensure substantial improvements in

watershed quality.

• Shifting the approach of Gram Panchayat (GP) members and communities towards

science-based land management, and linking them into planning tools, which

would provide a more strategic approach for using MNREGS resources.

1.7 Project Development Objective (PDO):

The proposed Project Development Objective (PDO) is to demonstrate more effective

watershed management through greater integration of programmes related to rainfed

agriculture, innovative and science-based approaches, and strengthened institutions and

capacities.

1.8 The project phasing and links with IWMP and NREGS:

Year 1 : Institution strengthening, initiating key Research and Development

(R&D) studies, developing the data base. The IWMP shall engage with

participating communities through group formation, social mobilization

and training in Year 1. The Bank will simultaneously support the

activities around sub-watershed and micro-watershed planning to

broaden the focus of IWMP micro-watershed net plan preparation

processes by strengthening the land resource inventory and GIS database

input including hydrology. The GIS database work shall continue in the

second and third year to cover all the identified micro watersheds.

Year 2 : Link with IWMP Batch V & VI and MNREGS field activities through

planning and training. In Year 2, the effectiveness of IWMP will be

enhanced by better integration with agriculture, horticulture, agro-

forestry and MNREGS operations.

Year 3 : Post-harvest support, R&D, follow-on capacity building in IWMP Batch

V & VI areas. In Year 3, Bank supported initiatives will focus on

7

incremental activities to promote agricultural intensification across a

range of products, market development, value addition, etc, through

strengthened extension services

Year 4 and Year 5 :

A similar approach will be used in IWMP Batch VII & VIII operations

Year 6 : Consolidation and withdrawal from project sites

8

Chapter-II

Project Components

The project will be implemented through the following five components:

2.1 Component 1: Support for Improved Programme Integration in Rainfed Areas

This will test and demonstrate new planning by incorporating science-based approaches

especially hydrological modelling and decision tools and M&E approaches through

IWMP by convergence with other development programmes.

Implementation will be through the following five activities;

i) Developing and piloting new decision-support systems for integrated watershed

management through science-based land use planning.

ii) Development of a digital spatial-data library for integrated land use planning to

combine other development schemes for watershed management by the National

Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning (NBSS&LUP) in association with

consortium partners.

iii) Development and piloting of integrated sub-watershed assessment and planning,

with particular focus on broader hydrological dynamics of the 14 pilot sub-

watersheds (SWS).

iv) Strengthening integrated micro-watershed master planning under IWMP by

providing incremental support to the WDD and communities for more effective

linkages with agricultural, horticultural and livestock development programmes,

and convergence between IWMP and MNREGS; and

v) Strengthening community-based monitoring and documentation by providing

technical support for local M&E systems including simple groundwater monitoring

equipment and IT tools as well as training in participatory M&E.

9

Important Activities

Identified

Integration with programmes and agencies

SUJALA-III IWMP Partner Agencies,

Community & NGOs

Component-1. Support for Improved Program Integration in Rainfed Areas

activities.

Main Objective: Intervention of this component results in developing a scientific base

for participatory micro watershed master planning with suitable tools, technical and

knowledge support and Capacity Building Activities.

Establishment of

Digital Lib.(DL)

Main Activities

i. Developing and piloting new decision-support models for

integrated watershed management and site selection;

ii. Development of a spatial digital library for an integrated

landscape approach for watershed management planning by

the National Bureau of Social Survey and Land Use Planning

(NBSS&LUP), pulling together a range of data and map

layers, initially focusing on pilot watersheds, and establishing

a land resources portal for wider data access by stakeholders;

iii. Development and piloting of integrated sub-watershed

assessment and planning, with particular focus on broader

hydrological dynamics of the 931 watersheds. The activities

would include mapping, ground water planning and

modelling, and dissemination of recommendations for micro-

watershed planning;

iv. Strengthening integrated micro-watershed master planning

under IWMP by providing incremental support to the WDD

and communities for more effective linkages with agricultural

development programs, including horticulture and agro-

forestry.

Development and

Establishment of

Decision Support

System.(DSS)

Sub Watershed

Assessment on

scientific lines.

Participatory

micro-watershed

master planning.

Intensive

monitoring and

documentation at

local level

10

Component-1. Support for Improved Program Integration in Rainfed Areas

activities.

Expected Outcomes:

The improved micro-watershed plans would facilitate science

based convergence between IWMP and NREGS for soil and water

conservation.

o Key areas for convergence would be on developing a

common awareness and local plan for watershed

interventions,

o Scientific recommendations for watershed management are

included in micro-watershed plan. Key results include;

ground-water assessment, land-use, and agriculture potential.

o Digital library to be in place as per design and fully

operational. i.e., all nodes are linked and database accessed on

real time basis for planning.

o Fully functional system should generate data at specified

intervals.

o Hydrological monitoring and modeling adopted within

regular watershed planning.

o Better targeting of interventions, and harmonized technical

quality and social accountability mechanisms.

o Required studies are completed, delivery systems designed

and made functional through RSKs, providing information to

farmers.

Strengthening community-based monitoring and documentation by

providing technical support for local M&E systems including

simple water monitoring equipment and IT tools as well as training

on participatory M&E.

Action: NBSS&LUP, IISc, SAUs UHS, UAHS and others with the

support of WDD

Component would finance eligible expenditures for goods,

consulting services, training and workshops, and incremental

operating costs. Therefore;

11

• Coordinate for procurement of equipment, Quality checks,

installation, and execution of activities at lab and field level.

• Coordinate for internal monitoring and supervise the execution

of deliverables committed by the service providers.

Action: Identified Nodal Officers.

Action Points • Take-up effective steps at different levels for capacity building

of the stakeholders.

• Take up internal studies for identifying learning’s in Micro-

watershed planning through convergence for replication.

Action: IWMP – Project Implementing Agencies with the

help of NBSS&LUP & other partners.

12

2.2 Component 2. Research, Development and Innovation

Approaches and Tools for Component 1 will be developed under Component 2 through

the following activities.

i) Research - For integrated land management and agricultural intensification

applied research studies across key thematic areas including integrated land

management and agricultural intensification, climate-smart agriculture, and

agriculture value chains.

ii) Integrated Hydrological Assessment and Monitoring - Developing best-

practice approaches and tools for basic and advanced hydrological assessment

and monitoring by financing development of systems to deliver appropriate

hydrological data from sub-watershed to micro-watershed scales.

iii) Technology transfer - Demand-driven technology transfer will be strengthened

through the development/adaptation of best-practice models and tools for

increased adoption by end-users, for use as planning and training tools at micro-

watershed level, contingency planning against climatic risks, improved

information on markets, post-harvest technology and value addition, and on-farm

participatory field trials and demonstrations for specific technologies, for

example conservation farming; and

iv) Strengthening research management - Management of institutional research to

address longer-term need-based technology transfer, quality assurance, and

coordination of rainfed agriculture and watershed management research under

the Ministry of Agriculture.

13


Identified



Community & NGOs

Component; 2 Research, Development and Innovation.

Main Objective: Intervention of this component would develop important

knowledge and tools for use in components 1 and 3, as well as for eventual

scaling-up in the State and beyond, through the following:

Research for

integrated landscape

management and

agricultural

intensification

Applied research studies across key thematic areas

including integrated landscape management and

agricultural intensification, climate smart agriculture,

and agriculture value chains.

Outcome:

• Studies would generate comprehensive knowledge

and lessons to support improved integrated

watershed management, evaluation and provide

guidelines for strengthening agriculture value

chains, and syntheses and adaptive research for

strengthening climate smart agriculture;

• Developing best practice approaches and tools for

basic and advanced hydrological assessment and

monitoring by financing development of systems to

deliver downscaled hydrological data to micro-

watershed scales based on appropriate models. The

component would also pilot community based

management of groundwater based on experiences

from other regions;

• Computer modeling allows us to better organize,

test, and refine our thinking about watershed

management problems and potential solutions.

Modeling to be organized the following areas:

o Precipitation and climate models;

o Precipitation-runoff models;

Integrated

Hydrological

Assessment and

Monitoring

Technology transfer

Strengthening

research management

14

o Stream and aquifer models;

o Infrastructure operations models;

o Economic, agronomic, social, environmental

demand and performance models;

o Decision-making models.

• Selecting the right model to apply to specific

problems requires that several factors to be

considered along with the objectives for modeling

in the context of the field decision problem.

• Demand-driven technology transfer strengthened

through the development/adaptation of best practice

models and tools for increased adoption by end-

users, which would include; Planning and training

tools at micro-watershed levels, Maps and climate

information for use by farmers in decision making,

Agro-climatic advisory risk systems, Improved

web-based information on markets, post-harvesting

and value addition, and on-farm participatory field

trials and demonstrations for specific technologies

like conservation farming;

• Research management to strengthen the institutional

arrangements for long-term need-based research

identification, technology transfer, research quality

assurance, and coordination of rainfed agriculture

and watershed management research under the

Ministry of Agriculture.

Action: PPMU - REC, IISc, and Service providers.

Action Points 1. The component would finance eligible expenditures

for goods, consulting services, training and

workshops, and incremental operating costs.

2. Processing for Inviting Expression of Interest (EOI)

as per the plan.

Action: PPMU/REC and Service providers.

15

2.3 Component 3: Institutional Strengthening

The capacity to use the tools and information systems, including key extension systems

of the Karnataka WDD to manage and monitor the programmes, will be strengthened

under components 3 and 4 (the latter with focus on horticulture).

The activities in Component 3 are:

i) Training and capacity-building, Training and capacity building to address the

needs of end users in terms of extension, integrated watershed management and

value addition. Towards this end, training modules shall be developed along with

awareness-raising activities and a structured set of exposure visits. Training will

be provided to village level extension agents (Watershed Assistants, Gopala

Mitras and Jala Mitras), community institutions, Gram Panchayat members, and

farmers. Special emphasis shall be given to lead farmers who could form a core

group as champions to provide peer-to-peer support to other farmers.

ii) WDD will engage a competent agency to undertake detailed training need

assessment and to develop training modules and tools to train stakeholders at

different levels and to delivers the training programmes. NGOs at district level

will assist the agency inn arranging for logistics for capacity building activities.

iii) Capacity building at State level. At state level, institutional strengthening will

include training to implementing agencies, particularly to handle DSS and use the

Digital Library, strengthening the development of in-house M&E systems,

supporting relevant national and international exposure visits, and improving

capacities in farmer contact centres in project areas.

iv) Upgrading two District Watershed Training centres servicing key project areas,

and strengthening their internal information technology (IT) systems to handle

activities related to capacity building of the stakeholders.

16


Identified



Community & NGOs

Component 3: Institutional Strengthening.

Objective of component 3 intervention is to address a need to make a range of tools,

some identified under component 2, and to make rainfed agriculture schemes more

accessible to enhance farmer adoption, strengthening information and extension

systems, to help farmers to improve integrated watershed management practices and

sustain rainfed productivity and incomes in long run.

Training and

capacity building

To address these above said issues the sub-components would

provide:

• Training and capacity building that would assess the needs of

end users in terms of extension, integrated watershed

management and value addition, and then development and

delivery of training modules, awareness raising activities, and

structured exposure visits.

• For this purpose specialized and experienced training NGOs

will be engaged to deliver most of the trainings. Take action to

procure qualified NGOs by following Banks procurement

methods.

• Action PPMU/REC and Service providers.

• Training would be provided to village level extension agents,

community institutions, Gram Panchayat members, and

farmers.

• Special emphasis would be given to lead farmers who would

form a core group as champions and peer-to-peer support to

other farmers;

• Institutional strengthening training at state level, would include

training to implementing agencies, particularly to strengthen

the development of in-house M&E systems,

• Supporting relevant national and international exposure visits,

Infrastructure

improvements

17

• Improving capacities of farmer contact centres in project areas;

• Upgrading two District Watershed Training centres servicing

key project areas, and strengthen their internal information

technology (IT) systems and for trainings.


The component would finance eligible expenditures for goods,

consulting services, training, minor works, and incremental

operating costs.

Get the requirement list from the concerned and process for the

requirements as per the procurement procedures.


18

2.4 Component 4. Strengthening Horticulture in Rainfed Areas

The aim is to strengthen the knowledge base regarding horticultural potential in rainfed

areas, and to demonstrate and build the capacity of institutions and communities to

improve production and value addition of horticultural products in project areas.

Project support will be provided through four sub-components:

i) Training and demonstrations for farmer groups (Sanghas) regarding annual and

perennial crops, nutrition gardens, water management, production methods and

diversification, etc;

ii) Soil and crop monitoring in horticultural crops: The returns from horticultural

crops are considered to be lower than in field crops due to inappropriate

management. Monitoring soils for fertility through soil and leaf analysis of the

plants on regular basis would help the farmers to use inputs as appropriate for

improving yield and through economic returns.

iii) Strengthening horticultural post-harvest management and value-addition through

technical support for identifying practices for various crops on harvest and post-

harvest management, feasibility studies and participatory value chain

investigations involving Horticultural Producers Cooperative Marketing and

Processing Society (HOPCOMS) in Karnataka. The Horticulture Department

(HD) skill-development programmes for Sanghas will be expanded through field

demonstrations.

iv) Supporting Horticulture Department to deliver the component through

incremental costs for specialist staff, travel, equipment and materials.

19


Identified



Community & NGOs

Component 4. Strengthening Horticulture in Rainfed Areas.

Main Objective: Horticulture sector is an important part of watershed development as

it plays both a nutritional and income generating role for rainfed farmers. Based on the

sujala-I experience, the component intervention would integrate and expand

Horticulture production in the project area, facilitating for demonstrations, soil and

crop monitoring, post-harvest and value and Horticultural services support.

Extension and

demonstrations for

productivity

improvement.

Activities: This component would support for:

i) Training of farmer groups / Sanghas and organising

demonstrations around annual and perennial crops,

nutrition gardens, crop water management, production

methods and diversification, etc;

ii) Promoting soil and horticulture crop monitoring

through soil and leaf tissue testing in the existing crops

and related training and literature;

Action: Horticulture Department.

iii) Strengthening horticulture post-harvest management

and value-addition through technical support to develop

recommendations for various crops on harvest and post-

harvest management, feasibility studies and

participatory value chain investigations. This would

include field demonstrations of low-cost equipment,

and expanding the Horticulture Department (HD) skill

development programs for CBOs/ User Groups /

Sanghas.

Action: Horticulture Producers Cooperative Marketing

and Processing Society (HOPCOMS)

iv) Supporting the Horticulture Department to deliver the

component through incremental costs for specialist

staff, travel, equipment and materials.

Action: Horticulture Department.

Farmer horticulture soil

and crop monitoring.

Horticulture post-

harvest management

and value chain.

Horticultural services

support

20

• The component would finance eligible expenditures for

goods, consulting services, training, and incremental

operating costs.

• Collect a detailed plan of Implementation from the

Horticulture Department.

• Process for the procurements based on the proposals

received by the HD as per the Procurement Policy of

WB project.

Action: PPMU/REC and Service providers

21

2.5 Component 5. Project Management and Coordination

This will provide incremental support to WDD to strengthen the IWMP coordination

and management systems already in place, and to ensure that the additional activities of

the project are effective.

Project support will be provided through three sub-components.

i) Project management and coordination - Overall project implementation support

through additional specialized technical staff (both full and part-time) in

headquarters and field offices, covering various fields including agriculture,

hydrology/meteorology, GIS/MIS, environment, training, documentation,

procurement, financial management, and legal services.

ii) Financial management and procurement - Through consultancies for financial

management, procurement, and audit to augment WDD capabilities and systems

costs for staff training in procurement and financial management procedures

prescribed by the Bank.

iii) Project monitoring and evaluation - Through third party monitoring and

evaluation relevant to project activities specifically, complementing the overall

M&E system operating under IWMP, which in turn would be further strengthened

under component 3.2

22


Identified



Community & NGOs

Component 5. Project management and coordination

Main Objective: Financial Support for the Management, Coordination and third party

upgraded MEL&D systems.

Project management

and coordination.

The component would support for;

• Additional/Incremental specialized staff, both full and

part-time based on the requirement, in headquarters and

field offices;

• Incremental administration costs for field travel,

creating and managing a project website, improved

communications, financial management activities and

internal audit, procurement, and equipment to support

overall project implementation, etc.

• The project would have a comprehensive

communication and review strategy to ensure wide

awareness about the project purpose and lessons and

ensure that stakeholders engage in continuous

improvement of the project. The component would

finance 3rd party monitoring and evaluation

requirements directly tied to project activities,

incremental to M&E taking place under IWMP, and

would strengthen the internal M&E of the WDD under

Component 3.2.

• WDD would partner with a specialized agency with

skills in advanced monitoring of resource conservation

technologies, evaluation of hydrological behaviour,

management of watersheds and scientific tools

developed under the project.

• The project would primarily fund baseline, input and

output monitoring, process monitoring, impact

Financial management

and procurement

Project monitoring and

evaluation

23

assessments, and case studies to guide project

implementation. The component would finance eligible

expenditures for goods, consulting services, training,

and incremental operating costs.

Action: PPMU, FMPC.

• The component would finance eligible expenditures for

goods, consulting services, training, and incremental

operating costs.

• Therefore, based on the procurement plan process for

formalities for Goods, Services and Training

consultancies by following procurement procedures.

Action: PPMU, FMPC.

24

CHAPTER - 3

Implementation Arrangements

3.1 Project Implementing Agency:

The WDD / DoH will be the implementing agency for the project and shall be

responsible for ensuring that the project development objectives are met.

3.2 Project Partners

The project will be partnering with many state and central organizations and agencies,

involved in research, development and management of natural resources in the state. In

this connection, Institutions involved in research and management of the natural

resources have been identified as service provider of a consortium members for

developing science-based watershed management plans under KWDP II (Sujala III).

Their proposed roles and responsibilities are listed below.

25

3.3 Project Partners at different levels with Roles:

Partners / Levels Important Roles

I. Government Level.

Project Empowered Committee

(PEC)

The PEC will review progress and provide policy

guidance.

II. Department Level

1. Watershed Development

Department (WDD) /

Horticulture Department

(DoH)

WDD / DoH will be the Project Implementing

Agencies (PIA) and be responsible for ensuring that

the project development objectives are met.

2. Project Planning

Monitoring Unit (PPMU)

1. Assume direct Action for day-to-day project

management, coordination and implementation.

2. Take the lead role in planning, coordination and

monitoring of the project performance in line

with the project implementation schedule.

3. Facilitate regular decision making for

implementation of various components of the

project, and be responsible for inter-institutional

coordination.

4. Ensure resources are budgeted and disbursed, and

project accounts are audited.

3. Project Management

Support Cell (PMSC)

Support project for pre-project actions and provide all

types of support during preparatory phase of the

project for Integration, Convergence and

Coordination among the players and stakeholders.

4. Project Technical Cell

(PTC)

Shall provide advice and project related support on

technical matters for integrated watershed planning

and monitoring and hydrology, and overall M&E and

reporting.

5. Research and Extension

Cell (REC)

Shall guide and coordinate project activities relating

to delivering research outputs, technology transfer and

strengthening local institutions.

26

6. Financial Management

and Procurement Cell

(FMPC)

Shall be responsible for the accounting, procurement,

and financial control of the project.

7. National Bureau of Soil

Survey and Land Use

Planning (NBSS&LUP)

Lead Agency for Consortium of Institutions of

Service Providers.

Establishing Digital Lab and Decision Support

System.

8. Indian Institute of Science

(IISc.)

Hydrological studies. Provide input for Hydrology in

DSS.

9. State Agricultural

Universities (SAUs)

Bengaluru, Dharwar and

Raichur, UHS, UAHS

Shimoga.

Providing Technical Inputs for, Participatory

Research.

• Will be associated with NBSS&LUP in Land

resource inventory, operationalisation of Digital

Library and DSS

• Establish and operate GIS Labs

• Extension support

10. Indian Institute of

Horticultural Research

(IIHR)

Participatory Research.

11. Karnataka Veterinary,

Animal & Fisheries

Sciences University

(KVA&FSU) Bidar.

Participatory Research work.

12. Bangalore University

(B.U)

Provide Technical Inputs and data on Hydrogeology.

13. Karnataka State Natural

Disaster Monitoring

Centre (KSNDMC)

• Provide weather parameters for watershed and

other areas of the state.

• Undertake weather analysis for identifying

frequency of droughts and evolve plans related to

climate smart farming.

• Provide base for developing contingency plans to

overcome weather aberrations.

14. Krishi Vigyan Kendras Provide Technical Inputs and work as knowledge

27

(KVKs) centres particularly in Technology Transfer.

15. Horticultural Producers

Cooperative Marketing

Society (HOPCOMS)

Forward & Backward linkages for value chain and

marketing support.

16. ICRISAT • Capacity building

• Demonstration of productivity enhancement

technologies

• Preparing bid document for hiring services of total

solution provider for establishing DL and DSS

and its implementation

17. Third Part M & E

agencies

• Concurrent Process monitoring

• Input-output monitoring

• Impact Assessment

III. District Level

1. Joint Director’s of

Agriculture (JDAs)

Facilitator and Project Implementation& Monitoring.

2. District Watershed

Development Teams

(DWDTs)

1. Technical support and internal monitoring.

2. Technology transfer and work as District Resource

Group.

3. District Level Committee

(DLC)

1. Convergence of MNREGA and other line

department programmes.

2. Scrutiny and approval of DPRs.

IV. Taluk Level

1. Taluk Watershed

Development Officer /

ADA

Facilitator and Team Leader of the (WDT)

2. Watershed Development

Teams (WDT)

1. Technical support and internal monitoring.

2. Technology transfer and Taluk Resource Group.

3. Guidance and Quality Assurance for all the

Activities of the Project.

3. Raitha Samparka Kendras Technology Extension Unit and Information and

28

(RSKs) and Krishi Vigyan

Kendras (KVKs)

Knowledge Resource centres.

1. Community Monitoring

Groups

• Social audit

• Participatory monitoring and impact assessment

• Hydrological monitoring

V. Sub watershed

1. Non Governmental

Agency (NGO) – Training

NGO

1. Social Mobilisation, Awareness Building through

Street plays, Jatha and other extension means.

2. Facilitator for coordinating Net Planning,

Production Systems and Livelihood Sub-plan

preparation.

2. Resource Specialist and

Support Man power for

Watershed Assessment

(Out-Sourced)

Work with NBSS&LUP for land-use planning.

VI. Micro-watershed level

2. Executive Committee EC

(Watershed Sangha)

Participatory Plan preparation and Implementation.

Ensuring Accountability, Transparency and Quality

Checks.

3. User Groups (UGs) Participatory Plan preparation and end use of the

assets and their maintenance.

4. Self Help Groups (SHGs) Participatory Plan preparation and beneficiaries

Implementation of Livelihood activities.

The linkages of partners in the KWDP-II (Sujala-III) project are shown in the following

Management Organogram.

29

Figure -2. Organogram-Overall Project Management

3.4 Collaboration with other Agencies

There is a need for collection of secondary data related to physical, biophysical and

socio-economic status of the project area. As this information is held by different

organizations at several levels in varying formats and scales, it needs to be collated and

brought to the same scale. Hence the following departments / institutions are associated

as partners for sharing information.

Agency Responsibilities and Information to be shared

Department of

Agriculture (DoA)

Convergence of Agricultural Intensification and Technology

Transfer as well as crop advisories through various ongoing

programmes and Mechanisms, information on crops,

cropping patterns and yield.

Department of

Horticulture (DoH)

Dovetailing of various ongoing programmes and

Mechanisms on Horticultural Intensification and

Technology Transfer in Information on areas under

horticultural crops and yields.

ICAR Institutions

IWMP and NREGS:•DWDT; WDT/Local NGOs •GPs, Watershed committees•User groups

PTC

NBSS&LUP

Specialized NGO

PPMU

Agriculture/ Veterinary/ Horticulture Universities

& IISc

RECFMPC

WDDMOA: (DoA, DoH, WDD)

Other Departments: Animal Husbandry, Forestry, Mines and Geology, RDPR,

KSNDMC etc.,

Private sector

Component 1.

Support for

Improved

Program

Integration in

Rainfed Areas

Local extension systems•District Training Centers•RSKs and KVKs •Farmer facilitators and farmer groups, Sanghas

Component 2.

Research and

Development

Component 3.

Institutional

Development

Component 4.

Horticultural

PEC

Project partners

Project cells for advisory and technical support

30

Department of Animal

Husbandry and

Veterinary Services

(DAH&VS)

Incorporation of Animal husbandry programmes in the

Participatory Micro-plans for watersheds. Details of

livestock, breed improvement and diseases.

MNREGS Directorate Incorporation of MNREGS activities for Land Treatment in

the Participatory Micro-plans. Financial allocations for such

works.

Bangalore University

(B.U)

Integration of hydro-geological programmes in the

Participatory Micro-plans. Information on groundwater

status and functional wells.

Central Groundwater

Board (CGWB)

Hydro geological map and groundwater details

Indian Institute of

Horticultural Research

(IIHR)

Improved Package of practices, technological inputs and

problems and prospects of horticultural crops

Soil and Land Use

Survey of India

(SLUSI)

Partnering with the NBSS&LUP in field survey, review and

correlation

4.5 Project Management

The Project Empowered Committee (PEC) The PEC at the apex level will guide,

monitor and supervise the implementation of the ongoing IWMP. PEC will also guide

and monitor the WDD in implementing the KWDP II (Bank project), through IWMP.

The PEC is constituted by the members drawn from the line departments, GOI

representatives, Vice Chancellors of Agriculture Universities and is chaired by the

Additional Chief Secretary and Development Commissioner, GOK. In view of the

extended requirements for broader sector integration and convergence with NREGS

under the project, the PEC will include the Secretaries of Agriculture, Horticulture,

Planning, Finance, Animal Husbandry, Rural Development and Panchayat Raj plus the

Additional Principal Chief Conservator of Forests. The PEC will also include the

Director, Mines and Geology, and Director, KSNDMC. There will also be a

representation of civil society experienced in participatory and integrated watershed

management, as well as one from the private sector with adequate experience in

31

agricultural value chains in rainfed areas. The Commissioner - WDD will be Member

Secretary.

The PEC provides overall guidance on policy aspects relating to watershed

development, integration between departments, and convergence. The PEC will review

progress and shall provide policy guidance. It will also look into mid-course

corrections, and issue guidelines for smooth implementation of the project. This will

complement the ongoing IWMP responsibility of the PEC to approve the perspective

and strategic plan for watershed development on the basis of block and district plans.

The PEC will work closely with the SLNA in IWMP presently which acts as a link

between the state and the Central Nodal Agency at GOI level for appraisal and

clearance of watershed programmes, and thus provides a channel to raise wider policy

issues relating to the project. The PEC issues financial and administrative sanctions,

organize recruitments, and assign works and consultancies as required by the project. It

will approve the annual implementation plan, and procurement of goods (by the line

departments) exceeding Rs. 10 million (US$217,400), and works and services required

by the line departments exceeding Rs. 1 million (US$21,739).

3.6 Project Planning and Management Unit

At the state level, a Project Planning and Management Unit (PPMU) will be set up

within the WDD and shall assume direct responsibility for project management. The

Commissioner - WDD in Bangalore will be the Project Director responsible for overall

project implementation. For effective day-to-day coordination of project

implementation, the Commissioner will be assisted by a full-time Executive Project

Director, who is also the Additional Project Director (APD) Coordination. The

members of the PPMU will be the sectoral heads of Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture

and Animal Husbandry in WDD headquarters, the Director of Mines and Geology,

Director of Horticulture, Director of NREGS as well as Director of the Disaster

Monitoring Cell GOK, Directors of Research of different universities and the Head,

NBSS&LUP, Bangalore will be members. An expert on groundwater will also be a

member. The Executive Project Director will be the member Secretary.

The PPMU will take the lead role in planning, coordination and monitoring of project

performance in line with the existing IWMP implementation schedule, and facilitate

32

decision-making for implementation of various components of the project, and be

responsible for inter-institutional coordination. It will also ensure that requirements are

budgeted, be in charge of all project procurement, manage disbursements, and ensure

that project accounts are audited. Specific responsibilities of the PPMU will be:

a) Preparing annual work programmes, budgets, annual procurement plans and

packages

b) Coordinating and providing technical support to field-implementation teams

c) Informing, supporting, coordinating and interacting with key project partners, and

ensuring key stakeholder participation;

d) Coordinating and reporting the results of monitoring and evaluation of all aspects of

project input, outputs and outcomes, as observed by MEL & D agencies the

incorporeity learning in the project;

e) Monitor project risks and accountability mechanisms;

f) Preparing withdrawal applications for disbursements for submission to IDA;

g) Maintaining project accounts and arranging for project audits to be done on time

and as per specifications;

h) Preparing quarterly Interim Unaudited Financial Reports (IUFRs),

i) To plan and execute capacity-building programmes for different stakeholders in the

project to realize the stated goals.

Project funds will be disbursed through the PPMU, which will be responsible for all

contracting and procurement in the project, across all components, as advised by

technical staff, and consultants and specialized agencies contracted for the purposes.

The PPMU will approve procurement of goods by the WDD up to Rs.10 (USD217,

400) million, and works and services required by the WDD and the line departments up

to Rs.1million (USD21,739). The WDD will develop agreements with respective

agencies for the handover and ownership and maintenance of any equipment purchased

by the PPMU.

The Executive Project Director shall be assisted by: i) a project technical cell (PTC); ii)

a Research and Extension Cell (REC); and iii) a Financial Management and

Procurement cell (FMPC). The PTC, REC and FMPC would in turn be aided by

specialist consultancies in the development of appropriate management systems and

related training to ensure PPMU staff can deliver their required tasks.

33

3.7 Project Technical Cell (PTC) to be established in the WDD shall comprise experts in

hydrogeology, soils, groundwater, agricultural meteorology, agricultural engineering,

economics M&E, GIS/MIS and documentation. This cell will assist the PPMU in

dealing with the day-to-day technical aspects of the implementation of the project. The

PTC will be responsible for coordinating with agencies and universities on technical

matters. It will work closely with the research and extension cell (see below) for

integration of research and development products into the IWMP planning processes. It

will be the unit primarily responsible for overseeing the project M&E and reporting.

3.8 Research and Extension Cell (REC) will be established under the PPMU to

coordinate all aspects of research and extension. The REC will guide and coordinate

activities relating to delivering research outputs, technology transfer and strengthening

local institutions. The REC will be headed by a senior technical advisor, with two

experienced staff deputed from the Department of Agriculture: and one from the

Planning unit for research, and one from Extension and Training. Additionally an

officer from the Department of Horticulture will be assigned to this cell. A training

coordinator and documentation officer will support them. The REC will be responsible

for the overall guidance of the research process, advising on procurement of research

consultancies, facilitating coordination and partnerships with research agencies,

universities, and government departments. It will also oversee capacity-building NGOs

and private sector, and evaluate research products and their use, ensuring linkages to

technology transfer and dissemination (mainly delivered under component 3). As there

will be a considerable number of training packages to be developed and delivered, the

REC will be assisted by a lead NGO specialized and experienced in agricultural

research/ training and participatory extension.

3.9 Finance Management and Procurement Cell (FMPC) will be established in the

WDD under the PPMU for financial and procurement control. The project will have a

full-time qualified Finance Manager to be assisted by staff in each of the seven project

Districts, including dedicated staff to assist in accounts under the horticulture

component. Financial management and procurement consultants will be hired on

consultancy/staff basis to assist the PPMU in designing, establishing, and monitoring

the FM systems, software installation, and processes for handling finance and

procurement issues under the project.

34

3.10 Project management from District level to community level At District and Taluk

levels the project will provide support staff, training and equipment to build capacity

and strengthen the arrangements already in place, mainly the existing DWDTs and

WDT under the IWMP. The REC supported by outsourced specialized NGOs will build

capacity of existing agricultural and horticultural extension units, especially RSKs, so

that the local units can access and use a greater range of information products, decision

tools, and manage field demonstrations.

3.11 Project Management Support Cell (PMSC)

A project Management and Support Cell will be established in WDD. The Executive

Director will head the cell. It undertakes various pre project activities. All the sectoral

heads in WDD will be the members and the Agriculture & Horticulture Departments

will nominate a senior functionary to this cell. This cell will meet periodically and

review pre project activities and liaison with all partner agencies.

3.12 Training Advisory Group

A Training Advisory Group will be set up within REC at WDD to assist the Executive

Director in monitoring and supervision of various programs and its integration with

IWMP training process.

35

Chapter 4

Component-wise implementation Arrangements

4.1 Component 1: Support for Improved Programme Integration in Rainfed Areas

This component involves DL, LRP & DSS to provide scientifically interpreted data sets

for microwatershed master planning process. The activities under this component will

enrol participation and assistance by technical partners and SAUs and SHU. MoUs will

be developed in co-ordination with concerned partner agencies.

Sub Component: 1.1 Development of a Digital Spatial-Data Library:

Purpose:

To Providing single window access system for Geospatial and other Agriculture-related

information for the farming community, researchers, planners and all other users from

agriculture and allied sectors facilitating Integrated landscape approach for planning

effective watershed management.

Location: National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning (NBSS&LUP)

Bengaluru and 5 partner Universities. As a part of DL development 6 GIS labs (one at

NBSS&LUP and Four at partner Agriculture and Horticulture universities) will be

established. Project will provide necessary man power support.

Objectives:

• Generation of site-specific land-resource database in a digital form at the watershed

level.

• Design of a suitable architecture for the integrated digital data base storage

• Develop appropriate protocols for data sharing, definitions and use

• Guide in the development of e-solutions for integrated watershed management

• Provide inputs for establishment of a Land Resources Portal

Note : Component 4 Horticulture - Implementation arrangements separately compiled by Horticulture

Department

36

Strategy:

• Land Resource inventory to assess bio-physical status of natural resources through

mapping and digitization on GIS platform.

• Pooling of relevant information from sources and organisations; compilation,

synthesis and analysis of primary and secondary data on climate, surface water and

groundwater, land use, crops and cropping pattern, socio-economic parameters etc.

of the watershed area.

• Interpretation of the data and generation of reports and maps on GIS platform

• Operationalization of Digital Spatial-data Library

Implementation

This involves two stage i) Land resource Inventory and ii) Development and

Establishment of Digital Library.

Land Resource Inventory and GIS Database

Need for Land Resource Inventory

Karnataka state, with an area of 19.17 M.ha, is endowed with varied climate, fauna and

flora, soils, forests, minerals and rivers. The natural resources, which have enriched the

social fabric of the state, are under severe stress due to population pressures and

competing demands on land resources. This has resulted in large scale land degradation

(about 7 m.ha), which is continuing at an alarming rate, and requires urgent and

effective remedial interventions. This calls for assessment of potential and constraints.

Often the problems are site-specific necessitating farm-level intervention to bring in the

desired change or impact. The detailed site-specific information at watershed level,

particularly on soil and site characteristics is not available at present in the state. Many

studies carried out in various parts of the country, including the recent one carried out in

Tirumale sub-watershed near Magadi under IWMP, have proved conclusively the

importance of site-specific database for watershed planning and programme

implementation in the state. (See Annexure IV)

Present Status of the Database:

• At present land resources are characterized at macro level (1:250,000 and 1:50,000

scales) with respect to certain parameters to broadly indicate the type/category to

differentiate through visual observations with limited ground checks.

37

• Land resources inventory for different uses at cadastral level has not been generated

so far in the state.

• Hydrological information and vegetation details at larger scale are not available as

Spatial information.

• Socio-economic features are not available to know the needs and demands as well as

strengths and weaknesses to promote equity, inclusiveness and improving economic

status.

Next Action:

For watershed development site-specific spatial information on various land resources

is required and the same can be obtained by carrying out detailed characterisation and

mapping of all the existing land resources like soils, climate, minerals and rocks,

groundwater, vegetation, crops, land-use pattern, socio-economic conditions,

infrastructure and marketing facilities.

Execution:

The Land Resource Inventory (LRI) is carried out by using cadastral map in

conjunction with Cartosat imagery as base. The land parcels or survey numbers having

similar soil-site characteristics are grouped as one management unit and this helps

greatly in planning and implementation of various watershed development programmes.

The National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional Centre,

Bangalore will lead the consortium of Institutions identified in the state, for organizing

the cadastral level Land Resource Inventory and Mapping. It will provide technical

facilitation whereas the WDD will facilitate the consortium of institutions by financing

necessary manpower, equipment and goods required by the consortium of institutions to

undertake LRI. The NBSS&LUP will enter into MoU with the WDD and will be

responsible for Land Resource Inventory. It will have suitable linkages with IISc, the

KSNDMC and the SAUs. The required Maps and Imageries will be made available to

the NBSS&LUP and Universities.

Four Agricultural Universities and one Horticultural University in different

zones/Districts of the project (Fig 3) will act as Nodal Centres for LRI field inventory.

Each university will have four trained field parties to carry out field work for land

resource assessment. Standard protocols will be followed in the execution of the

38

inventory (See Annexure V). The IISc and B.U will provide the details of Hydrological

parameters to be surveyed during LRI.

Primary data will be organized through field surveys. Secondary data will be collated

from Departments of Agriculture, Horticulture, Animal Husbandry, Minor Irrigation,

and Economics and Statistics. The Karnataka Watershed Development Department will

facilitate the above efforts of the partners.

The following Remote Sensing data required will be procured by KSRSAC and

provided to the NBSS&LUP for the use in LRI by the consortium partners.

• Digitised, geo-referenced cadastral base maps and remote sensing datasets, maps

and outputs pertaining to the micro-watershed area.

• Cartosat 1 imagery (Pan+LISS IV, ortho) for the Sujala watershed area first and

later for the entire state (hard and soft copy).

• Required remote sensing Imageries for the entire state (Present and legacy data) at

different scales, (soft and hard copy).

• Temporal data of suitable resolution (1:12,500) for three seasons for the watershed

area

• DEM at the micro-watershed and sub-watershed levels for the operational area

Role of the Nodal centres in acquiring primary and secondary data, mapping and

digitisation.

The Universities of Agricultural Sciences (Bangalore, Dharwad and Raichur),

University of Horticultural Sciences (Bagalkot) and University of Agriculture and

Horticulture Sciences (Shimoga) will be the Nodal Centres for LRI field investigation.

Each nodal centre will have four field parties of trained manpower and they will be

deployed for field work in the identified districts, as per the schedule given below. The

NBSS&LUP will train the field partners besides undertaking LRI works.

39

Land Resource Inventory schedule for Identified Micro Watersheds in Sujala-III

District Micro watersheds Area (ha)

Chamrajnagar 86 40586.43

Davangere 73 35948.24

Gulbarga 140 75289.75

Yadgir 60 30787.54

Gadag 135 50463.37

Koppal 67 29502.00

Bidar 64 37765.50

Tumkur 148 57482.22

Raichur 43 21577.00

Bijapur 73 45187.60

Chikkamagalur 42 22363.89

Total 931 446953.54

Institution wise micro-watersheds allotted

District No. of MWS

Batch V Batch VI Total

UAS B Chamrajnagar 11 31 42

Davanagere 18 26 44

Tumkur 72 55 127

Total 101 112 213

UAS D Gadag 41 11 52

Koppal 10 27 37

Bijapur 42 31 73

Total 93 79 162

UHS B Bidar 12 19 31

UAHS Chikkamagalur 14 28 42

NBSS&LUP Chamrajnagar 12 9 21

Tumkur 10 11 21

Gadag 15 10 25

Gulburga 5 15 20

Raichur 0 23 23

Bidar 7 0 7

Total 49 68 117

UAS R Gulbarga 50 22 72

Yadgir 20 21 41

Raichur 14 6 20

Total 84 49 133

Grand Total 353 345 698

Out of 931 micro watersheds, 698 micro watersheds are already identified remaining 233 will be from VII

batch IWMP projects which will be finalized after the approval of PPRs by DoLR, GOI.

40

Community Inter-phasing

The IWMP NGO in the watersheds will provide necessary community inter-phasing in

close coordination with the WDT. Before commencing the Land Resources Inventory

at Micro-watershed level stakeholder workshops and training programmes will be

organised with audio-visual aids developed by NBSS&LUP.

The NBSS&LUP, will also

• Organize training programmes for field parties,

• Plan and review the progress of survey different watersheds,

• Analyse of soil samples collected from the correlated soil series; and

• Finalisation of maps and reports.

The tools and equipment required and facilities and maps inputs needed to execute the

LRI project in the eleven districts of the state are furnished in Annexure -VI.

41

Fig 3. Districts to be surveyed by the Nodal centres

42

Responsibilities of the partners in the LRI:

Partner Key responsibilities

NBSS&LUP,

Bangalore

[Lead Institute

for the

Consortium]

• Organizing and executing field surveys and collection of

primary data and ground truthing in association with Project

partners.

• Organizing stakeholder workshop

• Training field parties in LRI

• Providing standard protocols and proforma

• Review is the field survey progress

• Data authentication, data processing

IISc Bangalore • Developing Protocols and proforma for collection of data on

Hydrology.

• Developing related training modules and organising

trainings.

UAS Bangalore,

Dharwad,

Raichur, UHS

Bagalkot and

UAHS Shimoga

• To undertake soil survey and ground truthing under the

guidance of NBSS&LUP in the respective areas of their

jurisdiction.

• Analysis of soil samples

• Finalisation of Maps and Reports for the surveyed

watersheds

• Development of Decision Support System (DSS)

KSNDMC

Bangalore

• To provide weather data for watershed and other areas of the

state.

• To undertake weather analysis for identifying frequency of

droughts and evolve plans related to climate-smart farming.

• To provide base for developing contingency plans to

overcome weather aberrations.

43

The required secondary data/inputs will be collected from the following agencies

Agency Information to be collected

Department of Agriculture Crops and Cropping pattern and yields

Department of Horticulture Information on horticultural crops, extent and yields

Department of Sericulture Information on sericulture, area and yields

Department of Animal

Husbandry

Details of livestock, disease occurrence, area under

fodder crops and yields

Department of Fisheries Extent of pisiculture and surface bodies used and

yields

Department of Forestry Forest areas, extent and canopy and other details

Department of Minor

Irrigation

Details of surface water bodies (tanks, gokattes, check

dam, vented dams) and areas irrigated along with

cropping pattern.

Department of Mines

&Geology

• Geological and geomorphological maps of the

state at 1:50,000 scale

• Details of bore-wells and their discharges and

depth

• Data on groundwater levels from observation

wells.

Central Ground-Water

Board, Bangalore

Ground-Water levels of observation wells in the state

Department of Marketing Availability of marketing facilities, storage, etc.

Department of Economics

and Statistics

• Census data

• Data on crops, extent and yields

• Socio-economic information.

Central Soil and water

Conservation Research and

Training Institute, Research

centre, Bellary

• Specifications for soil conservation structure and

guidelines for planning watershed development.

44

Relevance and utility of the database:

The detailed and comprehensive database generated through the Land Resource

Inventory, covering all the land holdings in a watershed area will help in

• Identifying site-and area-specific constraints affecting crop production

• Capability of the area for agriculture, horticulture, forestry and other uses

• Suitability for various crops and other uses

• Identifying promising land-use options suited to the location

• Allocating areas for different crops and land uses

• Identifying the extent of wastelands, common lands etc. and measures for their

regeneration

• Identifying the type and location of water conservation structures in the

watershed area

• Strategic planning – identifying areas suitable for the introduction of new or

exotic crops from one area or region to another is possible with the help of the

database.

• Fertilizer requirement through soil fertility maps

• Proactive advice to farmers - Our farmers need proactive advice on various

aspects of land use so that timely action is taken to derive the maximum benefit

from local and global situations. The land resource database in GIS framework

will provide the necessary scientific inputs needed for giving such advice to the

farmers. The extension advisory system, Distance education through AIR,

Doordarshan can make use of the information for advice on scientific farm

planning.

• Monitoring Benchmark sites - It will provide the base line data needed for

monitoring the state of health of the Natural resources through a watch at

Benchmark sites and hot spots, at least at sub-watershed level.

45

STATE NBSS&LUP & SAUs &

NGO’s

Digital

Library

DWDT

TWDT

WA GP

SHG UG WC

SUB

WATERSHED

MICRO

WATERSHED

DISTRICT

COMMUNITY

Training needs (Capacity building) for project personnel, user agencies and

community

The utility of the database depends entirely on its dissemination to the various user

agencies and project personnel working in the watershed areas. This can be achieved by

organising structured training programmes, both during the course of the survey and

later during planning and implementation.

Since NBSS&LUP and its partners will be generating “Spatial digital data library of

land resources and hydrological characteristics” these partners will be organizing

training to sensitize the field officials, development departments and stakeholders /

farmers and any other concerned groups. The details of capacity building framework

are given below:

Fig. 4 Training Frame work in Component I

46

Training Framework to familiarize the use of DL, DSS and LR Portal

State level:

District watershed officials; lead NGOs and any other personnel indicated by WDD on:

a) GIS applications for land resource data utilization,

b) Importance of Land Resources Inventory in Watershed Development.

District level: Topics:

a) How to make use of land resources inventory in watershed planning and

prioritizing activities.

Sub-watershed level: Topics:

a) Soil survey techniques to the scientists and technical officers involved in LRI

b) Land evaluation for identifying potentials, opportunities and constraints of the

watersheds,

c) Land use planning for watershed development.

47

Activities involved and time frame required for Land Resource Inventory and

database generation for one micro watershed

Activities Agencies

involved

Inputs delivered Outputs

generated

Time in weeks

1 2 3 4

Procurement of

cadastral maps

Procurement Geo-referenced

cadastral maps

of the watershed,

both in soft and

hard copy

(1:10,000 scale)

Procurement of

Cartosat 1 and

other imagery

Procurement Cartosat 1

Pan+LISS IV

ortho imagery,

digital and hard

copy (1:10,000

scale)

Base map

preparation1

UAS-Bangalore,

Dharwad,

Raichur, UHS-

Bagalkot &

UAHS Shimoga

- Interpretation of

imagery and

generation of

cadastral base for

field work.

Orientation

training for

field parties

NBSS&LUP,

Bangalore

Protocols,

Manuals and

Orientation

training

Trained Man

power

Field

investigations1

(Detailed soil

survey)

UAS-B’lore,

Dharwad,

Raichur, UHS-

Bagalkot,

NBSS&LUP &

UAHS Shimoga

Soil map, land use

land cover map,

geology map, and

others

Hydro-

geological

investigations

Indian Institute of

Science (IISC) &

Bangalore

University

Lineament map,

surface & ground

water resources

map & location

map for water

48

harvesting

structures

Socio-economic

survey &

compilation of

data on climate,

crops land use

etc. 1

UAS-Bangalore,

Dharwad,

Raichur, UHS -

Bagalkot &

UAHS Shimoga

Datasets on Socio-

economic

conditions of the

watershed,

climate, land use

etc

Laboratory

analysis (Soil

and fertility

samples)

UAS-Bangalore,

Dharwad,

Raichur, UHS-

Bagalkot,

NBSS&LUP &

UAHS Shimoga

Data pertaining to

all the soil

parameters and

macro and micro

nutrient status

Generation of

soil and

thematic maps

through GIS1

UAS-Bangalore,

Dharwad,

Raichur, UHS-

Bagalkot &

UAHS Shimoga

Land Capability

map, slope, depth,

texture, rock

fragments and

water holding

capacity maps and

land suitability

maps for crops

and other uses

Interaction with

users and stake

holders

All the Project

partners

Audiovisual

aids/films and

maps

Finalisation of

maps and

reports

UAS-Bangalore,

Dharwad,

Raichur, UHS-

Bagalkot &

UAHS Shimoga

Report on Land

Resources of the

Microwatershed

concerned

1NBSS&LUP will provide the necessary technical backup and coordination and facilitate the

execution of the survey work at the micro-watershed level.

For each micro watershed, the deliverables like soil and various thematic layers will be

generated in the second month and delivered for DL and LRP usage.

49

Action plan for covering 931 micro watersheds under Sujala III

Activities First Year 2013-

14

Second Year 2014-15 Third Year

2015-16

Quarter 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4

Preliminary work

(Procurement of

cadastral maps and

imagery)

Base map preparation

Orientation training for

field staff

Field investigations

(Detailed land

resource/soil survey)

Socio-economic survey

&compilation of data on

climate, crops land use

etc.

Laboratory analysis

(Soil and fertility

samples)

Generation of soil and

thematic maps through

GIS

Interaction with users

and stake holders

Land suitability

assessment for crops and

various other land uses

Finalisation of draft

maps and reports

User-

interaction/interface

workshop with line

departments

Printing of reports and

maps

50

A. Establishment and Maintenance of Digital Library

Objectives

• Support improved sub-watershed assessment, integrated micro-watershed master

planning, monitoring and evaluation, and relevant research and development.

• Design of a suitable architecture for the integrated digital data base through

technical support

Digital Library

It is the collection, development and management of physical and bio-physical

information of an area, region or state in the electronic form with index creation and a

provision for access, retrieval and facilitation of reference work and preservation.

The information needed for establishing a dynamic digital library to meet the

requirements of various line departments, stakeholders, farmers and other users at

watershed level is so varied and diverse that it cannot be provided by any one single

organization or agency in the state. Apart from the inputs generated from the Land

Resource Inventory, information needs of the users have to be sourced from many other

agencies in the state. The schematic figure indicated below shows the flow of datasets

from different sources to the Digital Library.

Location

NBSS&LUP with the help of Project partners will be responsible for developing the

DL. The DL will be housed in the UAS Bangalore, UAS Dharwad, UAS Raichur, UHS

Bagalkot, NBSS&LUP and UAHS Shimoga which will execute and maintain the DL.

51

Digital Library (Designed, Executed

and Maintained by

NBSS & LUP (ICAR),

Bangalore)

Indian Institute of Science (IISc),

Bangalore (Hydrological data sets)

Karnataka State Remote Sensing

Application Centre (KSRSAC), Bangalore

(Digital cadastral maps of watersheds)

Regional Remote Sensing Application

Centre (RRSC), Bangalore

(Cartosat Pan + LISS IV imagery)

Karnataka State Natural Disaster

Management Centre (KSNDMC),

Bangalore (Climatic data sets)

Secondary data inputs from Dept. of

Agriculture, Dept of Geology and Mines

etc.,Land Resources Portal

UAS, Bangalore, LRI in

Chamarajnagar and Davanagere

Districts.

UAS, Dharwad, LRI in Gadag and

Koppal.

UAS, Raichur, LRI in Gulbarga and

Yadgir

UHS, Bagalkot, LRI in Bidar

Karnataka Veterinary, Animal &

Fisheries Sciences University,

Bidar(livestock related)

NBSS & LUP Bangalore (LRI input

compilation for all the districts)

Fig.5 Schematic figure indicating the flow of datasets from different sources to the DL

52

The Digital Library will house the following land resource database and thematic

layers at micro-watershed and sub-watershed levels and also at district and state

levels in the state

Geology Type of rocks, dip and strike, lineaments, faults and

folds

Geomorphology and

Hydro geomorphology:

Landforms, weathering

Topography Altitude, contour lines, drainage and road networks and

other permanent physical and cultural features

Land use and land cover: Types, cropping pattern

Forest & wild life Forest Cover

Water bodies and drainage

network

Hydrology

Administrative boundary Village, panchayat, hobli, district layers

Climate Pressure, temperature, humidity, rainfall

Demography Population, literacy & levels of education, occupation

Socioeconomic Industry, developmental activity

Intra structure Communication, drinking water, educational facility,

electricity, financial institutions, markets, medical

facilities & public health, transport, veterinary services,

recreation & tourism

Agro-economy Land utilisation, land ownership pattern, area under

principal crops, irrigation, agricultural implements,

animal husbandry

Groundwater Quality, depth to water table

Soil Site and soil characteristics at cadastral and higher levels

Thematic outputs Land capability, land suitability, soil fertility ,maps

Wasteland Type and extend for watershed/ village level

53

Fig.6 Configuration of Digital Library

Scope of the Digital Library

The Digital Library houses all the primary and secondary datasets and various resource

and thematic maps of the surveyed watersheds. The line departments and other users

can source from it their data needs such as for

• Delineating homogeneous areas based on soil-site characteristics into management

units.

• Interpretation of climatic and agronomic data for crop planning in relation to soil

units.

• Identification of problem and potential areas and strategies for their management.

• Identification of capability of the area for agriculture, horticulture, forestry and other

uses based on LCC.

• Preparation of ideal conservation plan in a given landscape

• Delineate upper reach, middle reach and lower reach of each micro-watershed at

Land parcel level.

• To identify areas for establishing groundwater and vegetation sanctuaries for

optimizing resource use.

54

• To develop plans to overcome market fluctuations and identify value added products

through alternative livelihoods.

The result of land resource inventory and secondary data collected will form the basis

for developing the digital library. Consultants will be hired to develop, test and

synchronize the Digital library, maintain and capacity building of users

B. Establishment of Land Resources Portal (LR Portal):

Purpose

The LR Portal for watershed is established to facilitate and coordinate the exchange and

sharing of the disparate spatial and non-spatial data between various stakeholders of

different groups of watershed user. Catalogues and registries that conform to OGC/ISO

specifications play an important role in LR Portal. Staff should be trained for long-term

maintenance and management of the LR Portal.

Location

The UAS (Raichur) will host the LRP in collaboration with NBSS&LUP. The two LRP

nodes will be provided at WDD head quarters and NBSS&LUP.

Services expected from the Portal:

The turnkey solution provider must establish LR Portal which would provide following

services;

• Portal services

The portal services should be made available to address the needs of the viewer,

discovery, management, authentication and access control and exposed services.

• Portrayal services

The portrayal services should include map services, styling services, coverage

services, and the map context services.

• Data services

The data services should include features, coverage, and symbology management.

• Catalogue services.

The catalogue services should include data discovery, service discovery,

catalogue update and query language.

The deliverables and configuration of the LR Portal are presented below.

55

Thematic Outputs

Soil, Texture, Drainage,

Depth, Slope, Fertility, Land

Capability & Land

Suitability Maps

Decision Support System

Hydro-geological

Monitoring

Soil & Water Conservation

Plans

Review, Monitoring &

Evaluation

Training

Stakeholders/

NGOs

Watershed

Development

Department

Integrated

Watershed

Dev. Plan

Identification

of Water

Harvesting

Structures

Soil & Water

Conservation

Plan

Crop Choice &

Crop Planning

Deliverables of Land Resources

Portal

Land

Resource

s (LR)

Portal

Land Resource Maps • Soil Map

• Land Use Map

• Land Form Map

• Geology & Lineament Map

• Road & Communication

Network

• Drainage Network

• Cartosat & other imagery

• Cadastral Maps

UAS / R & D

Institutions

Problem

Identification &

Designing

Research

Proposals

Developing

Location Specific

Package of

Practices

56

Fig.7 LP Deliverables

LR Portal for

Watershed

Clearing House

(WDD)

MISGIS

FTP

Data Centre (NBSS&LUP)

Stakeholders

Web Server

Internet

Consortium Partner

(SAU’s/UHS, KSRSAC, SLUSI,

IISC, RRSSC)

Disaster Recovery

Centre

Portal Server

Fig.8 Schematic configuration of the Land Resources Portal

Implementation

The UAS (Raichur) will host the LRP in collaboration with NBSS&LUP. The two LRP

nodes will be provided at WDD head quarters and NBSS&LUP.

For the implementation of the project a qualified and experienced Total Solution

Provider (TSP) shall be hired for setting up the LR Portal, Clearinghouse and to design,

develop and implement watershed DSS.

Expected Outcome

All the modules in the Software should be secured with user authentication. The users

should have access to the functionalities like, data viewing querying and updating

depending on the privilege assigned. The applications should ensure that users are only

allowed to access functions that they are assigned. The Mapping and Metadata services

of the system will be designed as per OGC standard specifications

57

Sub-component 1.2: Sub-Watershed Assessment (SWA)

Objectives

• To provide information to help set priorities and strategies for designing master

plans at micro-watershed level in the IWMP (sub-component 1.4).

• To develop water availability maps to highlight areas most sensitive to water stress.

• To identify researchable issues which can be addressed by the state and national

level research institutions to evolve best management practices.

Agencies to be engaged:

WDD, DoH and NBSS&LUP as lead partner will deliver the various requirements of

the sub-watershed assessment. The WDT will facilitate community involvement in the

process through the Watershed Committee, GP, User Groups and SHG’s.

Implementation

The process of Land resources inventory and sub watershed assessment will be

undertaken simultaneously. NBSS&LUP will be the lead institution to undertake

watershed assessment. The Agricultural and Horticultural universities will deliver the

watershed assessment products in collaboration with NBSS&LUP, in this process it

will associate with IISc for Hydrology, Bangalore University, KSNDMC for

meteorological information. The NBSS&LUP, IISC, B.U & the SAUs will work in

close co-ordination with the WDT. The WDT facilitates community inter-phasing. The

watershed assessment will commence with the stake holder consultation facilitation by

the WDT

Knowledge of watershed characteristics such as soils and their, physical and chemical

properties, geology, surface water and groundwater, vegetation, land use, topography

and socio-economic data would help to assess the potentials, threats and gaps, and

means to bridge them using the available scientific information.

The data will be made available in public domain through the Land Resource Portal to

provide scientific data base and provide information needed for prioritizing, initiating

and executing development programmes in the watershed.

For identifying researchable issues, an initial reconnaissance survey of the watersheds

by using remote sensing products, historical datasets and traversing the area with the all

the consortium partners along with local facilitators and stakeholders will be carried out

58

along with community participation ensured by WDT. The issues identified at this

stage will be subjected to detailed investigations at the micro watershed level later.

The watershed assessment process will lead to development of broad management

plans in participatory process. The datasets and thematic outputs needed to develop

management plans at sub-watershed level are indicated below.

Land Resource Survey:

The database generated for the micro-watersheds, under the sub-watershed in each

district can be sourced from the digital library established under the sub Component 1.2

in the main Component 1. Using this information, problems, constraints and potentials

of the selected sub-watershed can be identified.

Climate analysis used for identifying periods of onset and withdrawal of the monsoon,

droughts of different duration and intensity, periods of intense rains and occurrence of

floods and other aberrations that affect crop production for developing appropriate

contingency crop plans to mitigate the adversities of climate.

Socio- economic survey will be undertaken by the IWMP and it consists of

• Household survey for demographic details to determine the assets and liabilities

along with their needs and demands.

• Livestock details for determining their health and productive performance so as to

develop plans to promote health and performance using the available knowledge

generated in the Universities.

• Crops and cropping practices followed along with productivity levels so as to

develop appropriate crop and crop management plans in relation to soil

characteristics based on the information generated in research organizations

(Universities of Agricultural Sciences, University of Horticultural Sciences,

Departments of Agriculture, Horticulture, Animal Husbandry, KVKs and RSKs).

• A list of development programmes of various line departments functioning in the

area will be generated so as to plan for the integration of various programmes into

watershed development programme.

59

Thematic outputs needed:

Land Resource maps:

a. Soil map indicating the distribution of soils in the watershed area and land

management units with survey numbers and legend indicating all the details of the

unit using cadastral map.

b. Land Capability map: Land capability map shows the general capability of the

resources. The grouping is based on the inherent soil characteristics, external land

features and environmental factors that limit the use of the land for various uses.

c. Soil slope map: Slope plays an important role in the formation of soils and process

of erosion (and alters the overall use of the land). Slope information provides the

land users the information on the type and extent of soil and water conservation

structures needed.

d. Rock fragments map: Provides information on Gravel content in the soil, stones,

boulders and rock pieces and their distribution, greatly influences hydrological

characteristics of the soils and thereby the crop production.

e. Soil depth map: Soil depth refers to the depth of the soil occurring above the

parent material. It determines the rooting depth, water and nutrient holding

capacity of the soil. It is used to group the various soils occurring in the area into

different soil series.

f. Surface soil and subsoil texture map: Texture indicates the relative proportion of

particles present in the soil. Based on the proportion, the soils are grouped into

various textural classes like sand, loamy sand, sandy loam, sandy clay loam, clay

loam, sandy clay and clay.

g. Soil reaction map: The level of salinity, alkalinity and acidity influences the

quality of soils and has a direct bearing on crop production.

h. Soil erosion map: Erosion due to normal factors like rainfall, slope, soil type etc is

known as natural erosion or geological erosion and the erosion due to human

disturbance to ecosystem is known as accelerated erosion. The intensity of erosion

is assessed based on the physical characters and a map is prepared depicting the

variations observed in the field.

i. Water holding capacity and Available water: The parameter is crucial for

deciding the type of crops under rainfed situations. In climate-smart agriculture the

parameter is of prime importance in selection of crop and management practices.

The amount of water held between saturation and field capacity contributes to

60

groundwater recharge and it is essential to know the total water held and also

available water for determining the groundwater recharges. It is the measure of the

quantity of water stored in soil profile within one meter depth and is readily

available for crop production. This water is held between field capacity (1/3 bar)

and permanent wilting point (15 bar).

j. Soil organic carbon status: The status of soil organic carbon indicates the

inherent fertility and overall health of soils. In tropical countries it is extremely

difficult to maintain good organic matter content particularly in fields subjected to

frequent ploughing and other farming operations. Monitoring of this parameter is

the most important activity when we plan for climate-smart farming, soil carbon

sequestration and other related activities.

k. Soil fertility status map: The content and dynamics of major nutrients (macro and

micro) should be understood for adopting of precision farming. Nutrient level are

influenced by management practices, kind of crops cultivated, changes in soil

reaction (pH), climatic changes and extreme weather events (drought and floods).

Hence this information requires to be updated from time to time.

l. Meteorological map: The information related to climate in terms of extent and

intensities of droughts and areas prone to floods would help to prepare risk

management plans.

Geo-Hydrological survey involves

• Geomorphological studies to determine lineaments and presence of aquifers to

generate lineament map.

• Identification of water bodies, runoff and stream characteristics and building

models to develop potential water resources map for surface water and

groundwater.

• Hydro-geological survey for water quality, aquifer characteristics and

groundwater abstraction and recharge to delineate areas and their status for

locating groundwater sanctuaries.

• Vegetation survey is done for identifying species native to the area and useful to

society to promote livelihoods.

61

Vegetation map depicting the existing vegetation with respect to forestry species,

agriculture and horticulture crops is to be prepared to determine the species native to

the area as well as for identifying the areas that will be used for incorporating new

technologies based on the knowledge generated at the research institutions to promote

vegetative density and productivity.

Livestock map: The density map of different livestock is to be prepared for

determining the carrying capacity and productivity so as to incorporate corrective

measures and management plans to increase the economic levels by building over

native experience with the knowledge generated in the research institutions and

experience of the departments.

Preparation of conservation and Land Use Plan:

Considering the information contained in the above database and thematic maps, a

tentative land use plan for the concerned watershed will be prepared for the use of the

various line departments and implementing agency/agencies, as per the schematic

diagram below. The land use plan highlights the problems, potentials and suitability of

the resources for various agricultural and non-agricultural uses with multiple options to

choose from. This facilitates net planning process and finalization of Action Plan for

implementation (by line departments followed by PRA exercise).

62

Fig.9 From Land Resource Inventory to Land Use Planning

Documentation:

• Land resource maps and reports for each sub-watershed and generation of

thematic layers for identified uses

• Preparation of resource use and management plan taking into account all the

information collected for improving productivity as well as production on long

term basis under different land-uses.

• Preparation of a user manual for easy use by the line departments

• Documenting the best management practices as evidenced by research, extension

and farmer field schools for up-scaling in different agro-climatic zones

Database at Watershed Level

Climate

Hydrology

Soil

Site Characteristics

Agricultural Data &

Practices

Existing Infrastructure

Marketing Mechanism

Socio-economic Data

Development Programmes

Land Use (Crop Requirements)

• Field Crops

• Forestry

• Silvi-Horticulture

• Non-agricultural

Uses

• Reserve Area

• Common Lands

Identification of

Problems/Constraints

Potentials of the

Resources

Land Suitability for

Various Uses

Land Use Options –

Choice to Users

• Land Management

• Water Management

• Crop Management

• Wasteland

Management

• Ecosystem

Management

DSS Action Plan- Allocation

to Various Uses

Implementation Mid

Course Correction

Conservation Plan

(Soil & Water)

Bench Mark Sites

Monitoring

63

Fig.9 Schematic representation of Component 1

Sub-component 1.3: Developing and piloting new decision-support models (DSS)

Purpose: For integrated watershed management and site selection

Objectives:

• Development and piloting of new decision-support systems to assist WDD in

leading integrated watershed programmes.

COMPONENT 1: Support for Improved Programme Integration in

Rainfed Areas

DSS

IWMP & NREGS

• Local Government

• DWDT

• TWDT/Local NGOs

• GPs, Watershed

Committees

• User Groups

LR

Portal

PPMU

PTC DSS Tools

Digital Library

LR Portal

Sub-watershed

Assessment

Micro

watershed

Planning &

Incremental

Capacity

Building &

Convergence

Community

Based M&E

IISc

NBSS&LUP

and

SAU/SHU

Specialized

NGO,

SAU/SHU for

Facilitation

and Training

64

• Integrated decision-support models to help plan and priorities soil and water

conservation measures including land-use practices at sub-watershed level that

can then be downscaled to guide micro-watershed level planning.

Modern agriculture is highly knowledge intensive and requires the support of

Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) for planning and decision

making. Information needs in the agriculture and allied sectors are quite different from

those in other sectors. While the farmer has some control over a few of the resources

e.g., land and water resources, labour, seeds, etc. there are several other variables that

are beyond his control – the weather paremeters, precipitation and market prices, etc.

By establishing connectivity between variables that influence production levels, it is

possible to match with suitable options wherever possible, which can improve the

efficiency of agriculture sector. The Internet, satellite communication, remote sensing,

and GIS are providing new opportunities to connect people with new development

strategies which can bring in a new revolution in agriculture.

The DSS produces simple output from the complex system and large data set in the

form of decisions and plans. The plans may be of different types depending upon the

purpose. Mathematical models such as hydrologic models and groundwater models

crop growth models coupled with the field data are the basis for DSS. The models have

the capability to convert the complex system into simpler ones, making it easy for the

reliable prediction of impacts of changes to the existing system.

The innovative and science-based approaches and convergence between IWMP and

other development programmes can be better achieved through technology. Effective

way to achieve the above is through locally-based planning and management at the

watershed scale by considering spatial and non-spatial information on one hand and

matching the needs and demands of the people on the other. In order to address these

considerations, it is necessary to integrate a large amount of spatial information and

knowledge from several disciplines. To be useful, the information and knowledge must

be made available to stakeholders and decision makers in a rational framework.


• DSS is a computer-based information system that supports organizational

decision-making easier, DSS serves management at planning and operation levels

and helps to make decisions, which may be rapidly changing and are not easily

specified in advance.

65

• The WMDSS (Watershed Management Decision Support System) is a tool

designed to determine the optimum use of natural resources for improving the

productive capacities under a given set of conditions by selecting appropriate

strategies. It is a multi-dimensional optimization model designed to identify

possible management scenarios that meet multiple resources-allocation objectives

under various hydrologic, ecologic, social, regulatory and economic constraints.

Location

DSS will be located at NBSS&LUP Bangalore and Disaster Recovery Center would

be implemented at UAS (Dharwad).

Implementation

• Research-cum-development initiative for developing the decision support systems

by forming a consortium of various organizations in the state. Many of the

institutions will need handholding support and capacity development before they

can apply appropriate models for IWMP.

• Integrate all the models starting from water available assessment through water

balanced models developing appropriate structures and designing them with

identification of suitable locations, preparing the estimates of various rainwater

harvesting structures, designing watershed interventions by undertaking total

water budgeting and yield gap analysis and designing suitable productivity

enhancement interventions. Use of water impact calculator along with GIS-based

soil nutrient management practices will ensure efficient use of available water

resources for increasing productivity and enhancing the incomes of the farmers by

applying SWAT.

• A Consultant will be hired (if required) for reviewing the performance of existing

decision tools and models available in similar environmental and institutional

context along with the assessment of the capacity to use them in the state. Gaps, if

any, will be identified suitable measures suggested.

• Based on the requirement a software consultant or a Total Solution Provider

(TSP) will be hired by the PTC for the development and implementation of

WMDSS. The consultant may be asked for in-house development for which

consultant may have to depute resource persons to NBBSSLUP/WDD/IISc for a

stipulated period of time.

66

• A Disaster Recovery Center would be implemented at UAS (Dharwad),

considering all the results. Outputs developed through DSS will be digitally

recorded and stored in a safe environment.

The terms of reference for Developing DSS are given in Annexure -VII. The

architecture of DSS thus developed would look as depicted below

Fig. 10 Typical Workflow of WMDSS

Functions of DSS (at different levels)

• Assist local stakeholders to manage land and water sources for sustainability and

better growth

• Developing models to enhance water and environment management activities

within the watershed

67

• To provide alternatives through modelling to mitigate drought and manage

disasters

• To determine the trade-offs associated with different interventions within the

watershed

• Develop on-the-ground watershed management strategies given alternative social

constraints

• Provide technical guidance in the watershed by predicting future impacts of

potential strategies, guidance in strategy selection in other watersheds where such

detailed analysis have not been completed, and a framework for organizing

information and predictions to manage watersheds in the most effective way.

• Hydrological models for designing and identifying the locations for rainwater

harvesting structures in the watersheds

• Assess impact of various watershed interventions and rainwater harvesting

structures on crop productivity and increased incomes with soil conservation on-

site as well as off-site downstream impacts through reduced runoff and changes

in groundwater recharging etc.

• Developing water impact calculator for supplemental irrigation and use of water

impact calculator in place of calendar-based irrigation. This experience will also

put together integration of various models for developing the integrated decision

support system.

Utility of the System

The system can integrate spatial and non-spatial data and help farmers, stakeholders

and policy makers to make faster and better analysis based on queries raised by various

users. The WMDSS will be made use of to allow faster decision making, identification

of negative trends, and better allocation of resources of Integrated Watershed

Management System, with a view to

• Managing the natural resources in a sustained manner

• Balancing agricultural growth, environmental protection and economic gains on

sustainable basis

• Scientifically utilizing soil, water, livestock, and other biological and natural

resources for greater benefit of society.

68

• Enabling individual land owners to improve the yield of crops, reduce the

possible production risks, reduce the cost of inputs, reduce the labour

requirement and generally improve efficiency.

Roles / Responsibilities of Partners / Agencies :

• The WDD will enter into Memoranda of Understanding (MoUs) with

NBSS&LUP (National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning), Regional

Centre, Bengaluru and Contract IISc (Indian Institute of Science), and also with

the four State Agricultural Universities (SAU), Horticultural University of

Karnataka and UAHS Shimoga.

• The NBSS&LUP will advise and oversee the adaptation in use of technical

decision tools, GIS data bases, monitoring systems, collecting information and

validation.

• The IISc will develop an information infrastructure and adaptation of existing

scientific decision-making tools and models that would inform sub-watershed

assessments and integrated micro-watershed planning concerning hydrological

aspects.

• The SAU’s, UHS and UAHS Shimoga will provide the inputs for modules to be

developed based on the requirement of the farming community and also would

involve in developing protocols / scenarios / workflow to address various

challenges faced by the farmers and suggest various modules to be developed for

DSS to address issues at farmer’s field level.

Tool & Equipments required for establishing WMDSS are given in Annexure - VI

Capacity Building and Training

One of the key tasks for successful implementation of DSS is to build the capacities of

different stakeholders at different levels. This also requires computer and web based

infrastructure development at various levels of implementation, viz. state, district, taluk

and GP/watershed levels. The key areas of capacity building that are to be carried out

by NBSS&LUP for state level Universities, District and Watershed level are detailed

below:

69

Capacity

building

method

Topic/purpose Target group Periodicity

Orientation

workshop

Introduction to DSS and its

applicability at watershed,

district and state level.

Staff at State,

District, and

Watershed levels.

At the beginning of

the project for 2

days

Pre-

Operational

Training

Analysis of data for planning

appropriate land

management

State and district

level technical staff

One week duration

soon after DSS is

tested and before

operationalization

Review

Workshops

To review the progress Policy level staff,

senior WDD staff

including JDA’s of

the district

Quarterly basis

after the DSS is

operationalized for

one day each

Real-time

Hands-on

Training

Data input, and models for

specific watershed

situations, Planning,

monitoring and report

generation at taluk level

Taluk level line

department staff

including Rural

development staff

responsible for

watershed &

NREGS

One week duration

after all the data for

pilot watershed

areas is digitized

Implementation

–Training

Utilization of DSS scenarios

and recommendations for

arriving decisions at field

level

GP staff and a few

Master Farmers to

be identified as

volunteers

Two days after the

pilot watershed data

is digitized.

Training on

new upgrades

Periodic updating of new

knowledge and information

as and when developed

• District level

technical staff

• Taluk level line

department staff

• GP level workers

and master farmers

One to two days

depending on the

topic and timing

Sub-component 1.4: Micro-watershed master planning

Objectives:

• To facilitate Participatory IWMP micro-watershed master planning process with

new tools and scientific knowledge base that would promote more effective

integration of watershed management with other development programmes under

different sectors.

• To demonstrate and create awareness of the utility of new planning tools and

knowledge base

• Improved resource conservation and production practices so as to establish equity

and inclusiveness

70

• To promote effective convergence between the IWMP and NREGS programmes,

particularly for better targeted and higher quality soil and water conservation

investments.

• To promote better integration between watershed planning and agricultural crop

planning.

• Revision of the field IWMP manual in year 1 to incorporate new processes for

watershed planning.

• After implementing, to draw in lessons learned from project implementation and

to diffuse the same on a wider scale for making integrated planning approaches

for sustainable cost effective development.

• Developing incremental training modules that can be integrated into IWMP

planning process with communities and GPs

Integrated Watershed development programmes, initiated under the Hanumanth Rao

committee recommendations, as a strategy for over all development of agriculture in

the country has been in operation since the Seventh Five Year Plan (FYP 89-92) guided

by the pre and post Hariyali Guidelines of GOI.

During this period the Watershed development programmes focused on Soil and Water

Conservation Works, adopting a top-down approach. It was observed that the supply-

demand mismatch resulting in inadequate attention to local needs and aspirations of the

communities leading to inadequate implementation and consequent lack of

sustainability. It was, therefore, felt that there was a need for technology-cum-resource

driven agriculture to achieve region-specific resource-use optimality and gender equity

to make the programme truly people-centred and people-driven. Consequently, rural

development by way of transition from traditional isolation to integration with new

technologies through people’s participation has become the current policy paradigm

and enunciated in the XIth Plan. The KWDP – I (Sujala I) demonstrated the new

socially inclusive participatory Watershed approach. The Common Guidelines 2008

issued by the NRRA, MOA, GOI to a great extent reflect the Sujala learning. The

IWMP planning process revolves around the Common Guidelines. The present Project

intends to expand and refine the Planning process by bringing in the New Scientific

Knowledge base and planning tools developed under various components.

71

Participatory Planning

The IWMP planning process will be complemented by providing science-based inputs.

The Land Resource Inventory coupled with sub-watershed assessment provides a

thorough understanding of Natural resource constraints and potentials at sub-watershed

and micro-watershed level.

The Land Resource Portal and DSS enable more effective understanding of soils,

hydrology, climate etc, leading to various options / alternatives for more advantageous

soil and water conservation strategies including crop planning and crop advisory.

Simple tools for watershed planning, groundwater assessment, water budgeting

tools/educative games developed in components 1 and 2 will help in better local

understanding of watershed potential, constraints, management and hydrology links

with land-use decisions.

This will help stakeholders to make better informed micro-watershed planning

decisions that include hydrological objectives and outcomes. All the products of other

sub-components like the outcomes of thematic study and identified Best Management

Practices (BMPs) will be made use to develop Participatory Micro Watershed Master

Planning.

Based on guidance from the above, WDD facilitates the communities to develop micro-

watershed master plans through the IWMP process by integrating watershed

management for agricultural and economic development through improved resource

conservation and production practices leading to

• Convergence between the IWMP and NREGS programs, particularly around

better targeted and higher quality soil and water conservation measures.

• Investments on agricultural and horticultural crops and silvi-pasture and agro-

forestry systems for increasing bio-diversity.

• Development of community and waste lands, common drainage lines involving

the landless and resource-poor in convergence with National Livelihood

Improvement Programme to address and improve economic stability of vulnerable

groups.

New Planning

Planning activities would be integrated with the on-going IWMP participatory planning

process by:

72

• Incorporating key recommendations from the larger scale sub-watershed

assessments, especially around hydrology, through a GIS platform to support

better decision with respect to surface water use and groundwater management in

micro-watersheds that supports agriculture and its intensification;

• Drawing on the digital library (sub-component 1.2) for thematic maps and

information to help define options for improved integration and coordination

between, agriculture, horticulture, agro-forestry, pisciculture and livestock

programs, and identifying general priorities for post-harvest, marketing, and

income generating activities within the micro-watershed plan;

• Adopting Best Management Practices (BMPs) into programme integration and

convergence

• Developing modules that can be integrated into IWMP planning processes with

communities and GPs, includes material on applying new approaches and tools

for better-integrated planning,

Preparing plans

Watershed Action Plans are prepared by teams of various stakeholders – including the

community (through various CBOs) and the facilitators (NGOs and the Department).

The following teams will be involved at the micro-watershed level for this purpose.

• Executive Committee (EC) of the watershed and GP

• User Groups (UG); and SHGs

• NGO staff, Watershed Assistants and local facilitators

• Watershed Development Team consisting of AO, AHO, RFO, AAo

Role of Various partners / Agencies / Institutions during planning

In order to develop a Watershed Development Plan addressing program integration

across the sectors including NREGS convergence the various agencies are required to

work in close co-ordination:

Following are the responsibilities

Consortium of Partners

• To provide the watershed assessment and land resource inventory outputs along

with various theme maps and land use maps and tentative Land use plan to

facilitate informed planning process

73

• To educate the WDT, Watershed Institutions and Line Departments including GPs

on the usage and utility of Watershed Assessment and LRI outputs and tentative

Land use plan

Role of watershed development team (WDT)

• The WDT will co-ordinate with the consortium partners to obtain the Watershed

assessment and land resource inventory outputs

• To organize and conduct community facilitation process through IWMP NGOs to

educate the watershed institutions and GPs regarding Watershed Assessment and

LRI outputs

• The team supported by NGOs and Watershed Assistants shall discuss the land-use

plans with the respective user groups at individual level for identifying the needs

and demands so as to converge with the schemes under different sectors for

inclusion in the net plans

• Technical facilitation for planning process

• Bring the Net Plans for social approval before the Grama Sabha and DPR before

the ZP

Role of NGO

• To create effective and functional linkages between project partners at district &

community level to implement the program.

• IWMP NGOs will undertake project publicity and awareness creation, formulate

CBOs and undertake capacity building.

• To provide assistance and facilitate involvement of EC, UG, SHG and GP

members and participation of all vulnerable sections of the society in the entire

planning process for resource conservation under the guidance of WDT.

• The NGO in association with WA will collect and collate the information required

for generating management plans for developing common and waste lands

involving EC and SHGs.

• Identify appropriate Income Generation Activities for the landless for achieving

convergence with National Livelihood Improvement Programme and Special

Component Programmes.

74

Role of the Executive Committee (EC);

• Actively participates in the planning process starting from farmer level planning to

the preparation of the Net Plan

• Training facilitation for convergence planning process

• Convergence of watershed Plans with MNREGS and other schemes and

programmes

• Plan for management and maintenance of common property resources

• To ensure participation of all the vulnerable families dependent on the resources of

common property while planning for common lands

Role of the UGs;

The UGs shall participate to take the advantage of science-based land-use planning and

value-addition with their traditional knowledge to make the programme more effective

in order to conserve the resources and manage them efficiently for higher incomes and

achieve sustainability

Role of SHGs

The SHGs will participate in developing the community, common and waste lands for

enlarging their livelihoods and effectively manage the assets created

Role of GPs

• Facilitate participation of GP and the Grama Sabha in the planning process

• Plan for management and maintenance of common property

• Training facilitation for convergence planning process

• Convergence of watershed Plans with MNREGS and other schemes and

programmes

• Convene Grama Sabha for social approval of the Net Plans

The flow diagram for the convergence is as given below:

75

Fig.11. New Planning

Digital Library, DSS & LRP

Improved

IWMP

Planning

Process

Land Resource Inventory

NREGS:

• Soil Conservation

• Land Development

• Water Conservation

and Water Harvesting

• Afforestation

• Water Storage

Enhancement

• Improving Micro &

Minor Irrigation, etc.

Agriculture Dev.

Programmes:

Bhuchetana

SuvarnaBhumi

Organic Farming

CSS-Cotton

CSS-ISOPOM

CSS-Micro-Irrigation

New Macro

Management Mode

Horticulture Dev.

Programmes:

• Expansion and

demonstrations

• Productivity

improvement

• Micro – irrigation

Animal Husbandry &

Fisheries:

• Breed Improvement

• Milk & Meet

production

• Pasture & Fodder

Dev.

Forestry

Programmes:

• Social Forestry

• Bio-diversity

• Bio-fuels

• Market linkages

Institutional

Linkages:

• Credits to

Landless for

Livelihoods

• Credits to Small

& Marginal

76

Documentation:

The proposed approaches will be tested in two micro-watersheds in each project

district. Under this sub-component capacities of the local implementers and community

stakeholders will be built through training in use of applications from Digital Library.

Watershed assessment and DSS etc using appropriate tools, such a participatory

initiative would also be an important point for future convergence of different

developmental schemes with watershed management. The lessons learnt while bringing

convergence of different sectoral schemes into IWMP and their impacts on resource

conservation and production changes due to science based technologies will be

documented as part of M & E together with components of equity and inclusiveness for

future adoption in similar agro-climatic and socio-economic conditions.

Synchronizing the Sujala concept into IWMP

It is proposed to develop land use planning using science-based approach to replace the

present subsistence farming. It also provides space to converge other developmental

programmes such as MNREGS for improving quality and quantity of soil and water

conservation programmes, enhancing agricultural, horticultural production and

livelihoods of the asset-less families by dovetailing development programmes under

Departments of Agriculture, Horticulture and Rural Development and Panchayat Raj

respectively. In order to bring synergy in the development, it is proposed to organize a

workshop by the WDT with EC, UG and SHG members/ representatives along with

concerned technical officers of the Departments working in the project area, to explain

about the schemes available and prepare a list of stakeholders who could be

additionally covered using the above during the project cycle. The same will be

incorporated in the DPR before submitting to JDAs for technical approval and then to

CEO for administrative and financial approval.

The farmers coming under a homogeneous unit of land will be familiarised of the

potentials and the limitations of the natural resource. Possible steps for improving

productivity will be discussed and a range of options related to resources presented to

them using the GIS database developed under component-1.

The hydrological situation in the project area will be brought to the farmers’ notice,

based on the information collected under Component-2.The social regulations and

77

options available to improve and maintain groundwater levels will be considered to

achieve the goals of the project.

All opportunities available in different schemes, for improving production and incomes

directly or through value addition will be exploited by incorporating them into the

IWMP during the project period. Similar exercise would be done with respect to

livelihoods and all these will be incorporated to cover large population to establish

equity during the project life cycle.

The Annexure XII indicates the KWDP – II and IWMP integrated watershed

management process.

78

Action Points for NREGS Convergence


Identified


SUJALA-III IWMP

Partner Agencies,

Community &

NGOs

NREGA Convergence: To know about the pattern of convergence with IWMP,

linkages with several players.

1.Focused Workshop for

understanding NREGS

implementation.

Workshop to understand the on-going NREGA

implementation details regarding approach, costs, etc.,

which would lead the project for convergence.

Invite a Resource person from the NREGA Directorate to

present the details with a Power Point Presentation.

Invite DWDOs and GPs of 11 Sujala-III project districts.

Action: PPMU.

2. Prepare a plan for NREGS

convergence-Incorporate in

the OM and also issue a

circular for implementation

process at the field level.

Action plan preparation considering all aspects of

convergence requirement.

Action: PPMU.

Organise District level One

day workshop involving key

officers of the district and

the line departments’ district

heads- to understand PIP and

Preparation of Convergence

plan

WDTs should plan, finalise the programme details.

Action: DWDO/WDT

Project District representatives of line departments and GPs

to participate.

Action: DWDO- WDT/ZP

Sub Watershed (SWS)

Taluk level.

Organise Taluk level

Awareness building

workshop in the Taluk Head

Quarters involving Key

Officers and Imp. Public

representative Preparation

of Convergence plan

WDT should plan, finalise the Action Plan programme

details in consultation with the DWDO.

Action: TWDO-Taluk Watershed Team (WDT)

Representatives of line departments and GPs to participate.

Action: TWDO-Taluk Watershed Team (WDT)

All activities of IWMP and Sujala-III convergence guidelines would be implemented based

on the circulars and OMs issued by the project authorities time to time.

Action. WDT,NGOs and CBOs and other agencies.

79

1.5. Intensive monitoring and documentation at local level

Objective:

• To incorporate greater community input to field-level monitoring and

documentation.

• Tracking of performance, social accountability and assessing service delivery

performance.

Strategy:

This will support the implementation of integrated micro-watershed plans

(incorporating some level of NREGS investment) and tracking of performance. It will

follow successful experiences from other Bank financed projects in Karnataka (for

example Health) and elsewhere in India.

This necessitates capacity building of local implementers and community stakeholders

in gathering and sharing specific monitoring data on physical works, stream flow and

water level, groundwater levels, etc.

This will be done through training and technical support for data collection.

Simple tools such as GPS-enabled cameras, manual stream gauge recorders, ground-

water level recorders, soil moisture probes and data recorders will be provided.

This participatory monitoring initiative will also be an important point for converging

IWMP and other schemes such as NREGS with regards to social accountability and

assessing service delivery performance.

4.2 Component 2: Research, Development and Innovation

Objectives:

• To provide new technologies regarding crop selection, planting time, water

management, harvesting, and value addition to rainfed farmers.

• To strengthen extension and information systems.

Introduction:

Rainfed agriculture is characterized by low productivity and high biotic pressure

resulting in reduced vegetative cover, extensive grazing leading to accelerated runoff,

soil erosion and low groundwater recharge. The combined outcome has resulted in land

80

degradation and erosion of productive potential of Natural Resources. It is estimated

that a total of 7.7 M ha of land in Karnataka is suffering from one type of degradation

or the other and about 2.0 M ha have attained the status of waste land; fallow lands

have increased from 0.8 to 1.3 M ha over a period of 30 years from 1960 to 1990.

Consequent to such degradation the averaged yields are low. Unscientific management

of resources, low input use, and need-based farming led to subsistence farming which

cannot provide food and livelihood security.

Agriculture as a livelihood option under such conditions is considered as a rural poverty

trap. Hence there is a need to ensure conservation of natural resources by arresting

degradation, balanced use of inputs to increase water use efficiency through adoption of

innovative technologies based on land capabilities for minimizing the risks of

vulnerability of crops to variations in climate. This would shift subsistence farming to

science-based farming profitable farming venture.

Strategy:

Research development and innovations for best practices in rainfed farming will be led

through four sub components

I. Research for integrated landscape management and agricultural intensification

through thematic studies

II. Integrated Hydrological Assessment and Monitoring

III. Technology transfer and

IV. Strengthening research management

4.2.1 Research for integrated land management and agricultural intensification

Objective

• To undertake applied research studies and identify best management practices for

wider adoption of appropriate technologies under different land uses

• To ensure resource conservation and promote production through appropriate crop

husbandry

Introduction:

Strategies of agricultural intensification depend on quantification of natural resources

along with their existing and potential production levels. The best practices suitable to

different agro-climatic circumstances need to be identified based on the research

outputs generated by various organizations as well as the best farming practices at

81

community and lead-farmer level. Based on the synthesis of various scenarios the

identified packages are to be disseminated through demonstration/Farmers field schools

to educate farmers, so as to trigger the farming community to adopt the new practices

for achieving higher production on a sustained basis. Research is also required to be

undertaken for establishing efficient linkages with market forces as well as value-chain

addition to the products.

The following broad thematic areas for research were identified through a priority

setting workshop in July 2011, chaired by the Principal Secretary, Agriculture

Theme 1: Integrated land management and agricultural intensification:

• Survey and documentation of indigenous knowledge and best practices for

community-based water budgeting and links to cropping patterns from season to

season in drought- integration crop production;

• Lessons learned in mixed farming systems and development of a set of

comprehensive “Lessons Learned” reports to guide the design of more sustainable

and equitable Agricultural Intensification and Watershed Management systems

that can be scaled up to state level;

• Examine issues of participation and local institutional arrangements for integrated

watershed management, including the role of women, and of specific social

groups such as scheduled castes and tribes. Understand the processes and systems

which strengthen more equitable outcomes in watershed management;

• Status of soil resources in watersheds and their constraints in achieving yield

potentials for key agricultural products;

• Best management practices for achieving potential yields and addressing yield

gaps;

• Best-practice institutional arrangements for more sustainable management of

common lands, drawing from experiences in Sujala I, project pilot areas, and

other experiences;

• Policy analysis and recommendations for sector reform;

• Site specific fertilizer recommendation for selected agricultural products;

• Mixed farming and livestock management and input use and yield patterns;

• Integrated pest and nutrient management options;

Theme 2: Strengthening agricultural value chains and support;

82

• Evaluation of promising new farm enterprises and farming systems;

• Assessment of off-farm employment and income potentials for the landless;

• System-based guidelines for post-harvest management and value addition;

• Policy research on agricultural marketing.

Theme 3: Climate-smart agriculture, adaptation and mitigation;

• Potential for soil carbon sequestration and accessing carbon credits in Karnataka;

• Identify the most appropriate integrated farming system models for each Agro-

Climatic zone in the state for targeted socio-economic groups;

• Comprehensive synthesis of climate variability and agricultural production in the

region;

• Synthesis of climate-sensitive livestock and crop diseases.

Steps to revitalize rainfed agricultural production are:

• Undertaking research on Preventing Post harvest losses through value addition

chains and improving marketing facilities.

• Improving water and nutrient use efficiency practices.

• Practice and adoption of appropriate methodologies for conserving and recycling

rainwater.

• Land-use changes to improve base flow even reducing overall runoff.

• Steps to reduce evapotranspiration losses is of immediate concern in the rainfed

tracts.

Implementation:

The WDD will put in place a Research Advisory Group consisting of senior specialists

and officers for Rainfed Agriculture and Watershed and Extension, Private Sector,

NGO and Farmer Representatives to undertake the following.

Priority setting for identified studies:

The REC will convene a workshop at State level for identifying issues and research

priority setting during September 2012. REC will undertake participatory stakeholder

surveys and meetings at the District level in the project Districts to validate and further

refine these research areas during November through December 2012.

83

The REC/WDD will outsource the workshop and stakeholder process to a leading NGO

actively involved in Dry Land Agriculture or to the Dryland Research wing of the

Universities of Agricultural Sciences.

The outcomes of the workshop will be presented in the upcoming DOA zonal Research

workshop and in the DOA/UAS Advisory Council workshop. The REC would convene

additional workshops for review of the needs and priorities based on emerging issues.

Processing of Research Proposals:

The themes and research areas identified in the above prioritization will be advertised

in a “Call for Proposals” by the REC. The potential research organizations will be

required to submit Concept Notes (CNs) which will be peer-reviewed for qualification

for the second evaluation stage. Proposals that qualify in the second stage will be asked

to submit detailed proposals including detailed cost estimates.

Selection criteria:

The criteria for evaluation of research proposals include relevance and scientific quality

of the proposal; expected impact on watershed management, rainfed agricultural

productivity, farm income, sustainability and equity; likelihood of achieving the

expected outputs and impacts; comparative advantage of research institute; and

evidence of a multi-disciplinary and inter-institutional approach. Additional preference

may be given to joint proposals that promote public-private partnerships involving

NGOs or research organizations outside the UASs, and focus on research-extension-

farmer linkages, and practical end-user solutions.

The proposals in each thematic area will be ranked, based on objective and transparent

selection criteria. Only those proposals meeting the prescribed criteria will be approved

for funding.

Funding:

The PPMU shall finance investment and operational costs, including incremental

operating costs; contractual staff (e.g. research associates); goods specifically for

proposed research activity, including need-based small equipment; honoraria for

researchers and institutional charges; training; and travel.

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Monitoring and Review:

The progress of the approved research sub-projects shall be regularly monitored against

agreed milestones by the REC. In addition, the DOA’s and Universities bi-monthly

Research Workshops at District level will be used for monitoring progress and

overseeing demonstration activities.

Operational guidelines:

Under each theme the agency interested in undertaking the research shall provide up-to-

date review of literature, status of adoption of technologies/best practice, constraints

and future roadmap. This shall be evaluated by the project REC before approval of the

proposal as detailed above. The agencies will provide detailed reports on the best

practices that will be converted into field guides, brochures and training materials. The

outcomes will have to be demonstrated under different scenarios for determining the

area of applicability and organize FFS to train the farmers for its adoption.

Time Period

The duration of the research projects would normally be 1-2 years, extendable by a

maximum of 1 year. Researching for the best practices in a given environment will be a

continuous process and will be organized by the REC through the identified agencies

and the resultant outputs will be demonstrated in farmers’ fields. The successful

practices will then be extended to other areas.

Dissemination of information

WDD through REC will continue the process of disseminating the information in

partnership with DoA, DoH, DoAH, SAU’s, Animal Sciences University, KVK’s and

RSK’s.and other suitable agencies like appropriate NGO’s for its extension. Successful

studies/research results shall be published by the REC in the form of reports and hosted

on the portal/website.

4.2.2 Integrated Hydrological Assessment and Monitoring

Objective:

• To strengthen hydrological monitoring

• Surface and groundwater research and development

• Piloting advanced monitoring systems

• To design effective water conservation structures in a watershed

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• Developing community Groundwater Management System

Strategy:

• A basic hydrological assessment and monitoring in all project sub-watersheds will

be done with available information and simple tools.

• For monitoring, communities will be trained to measure a small set of indicators

supported by a simple IT-based data-acquisition tool.

• This basic monitoring is a part of Sub-watershed Assessment. Low-cost

monitoring of groundwater levels, key weather parameters, runoff volumes, and

changes in water levels in open water bodies (tanks, farm ponds, etc) will be

undertaken to support improved, integrated sub-watershed and micro-watershed

planning and monitoring.

• This will complement community hydrological monitoring under component 1.5

(participatory monitoring and documentation). The hydrological assessment data

will be used to prioritize watersheds for soil- and water-based interventions and

guide the design of required water conservation practices.

• Advanced field-based hydrological assessment and monitoring will be undertaken

in two micro-watersheds in each project district using integrated models and

decision-support tools, cutting edge equipment, and IT-based data-acquisition

system. Sensors will be installed to monitor weather, outflow in selected

watershed streams, soil physical properties (soil moisture, infiltration rate), soil

nutrient level, groundwater levels and usage in wells, and water storage and usage

in various water-harvesting structures will be monitored.

• Demonstrating an assessment of groundwater potential/recharge based on aquifer

mapping that could be used to guide community-based groundwater management.

There is a need to strengthen the research for effective groundwater management by

identifying areas for groundwater recharge and discharge along with the recuperation

rates in a given hydro-geological unit based on geo-morphological characteristics,

rainfall and surface water bodies. Research is required on:

• Aquifer characteristics in different hydro-geological units

• Location and continuity lineaments using remote-sensing data with proper ground

truthing.

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• Monitoring the water quality changes due to insitu contamination and develop

ameliorative measures through enhanced recharge

• Establishing the relationships between the land use and groundwater status

particularly in areas with deep borewells and excessive draft

The main themes in the Hydrological Assessment and Monitoring package are:

1. Reconnaissance of the catchment

2. Topography of the micro-watershed

3. Rainfall and weather parameters

4. Stream flow

5. Infiltration

6. Crop growth monitoring

7. Ground water modelling

8. Water quality

9. Water use for different purposes

Monitor two micro-watersheds each in Chamarajanagar, Tumkur and Gulbarga

Districts and one each in remaining 8 Project Districts. Details are given in the

following Table.

List of Model Micro Watersheds For Hydrological Studies

Partner District Block Name of MCs IWMP

IISc (2) Chamarajanagar

(2)

Gundal Watershed

Ankhalli -SWS

K.Madahalli - MC

Kodasoge G.P

Gundlupet Tq

4B3E2IEc VI

Doddaholle Watershed

Singanallur - SWS

Singanallur -2 MC

Singanallur - G.P

Kollegal Tq

4B3A4C2F

III

UAS

Bangalore

(3)

Tumkur (2) Hosalaya SWS

Hebbur hobli

Thondigere,

Tumkur Taluk

4B3C5N1a V

Mudugere SWS

Turuvekere Taluq

Devanayakana halli

4B3D1P1c VI

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Davanagere Chennehpur SWS,

Chennagiri Tq

4D4C4W1c, VI

UAS

Dharwad

(3)

Gadag Kanakawadda SWS,

Shirahatti Taluk,

4D4A3J2c &

4D4A3J2d

(Clubbed)

VI

Koppal Bedawatti SWS

Yelaburga Taluk,

4D4A1F1a V

Bijapur Daddamatti SWS

Bijapur Tq,

4D7A5G1a V

UAS

Raichuru

(4)

Raichur Murharpur SWS,

Raichur Tq

4D2D8D2a &

4D2D8D2b

(Clubbed)

VI

Yadgir Tekaral SWS,

Shahpur Tq

4D5A1O2a VI

Gulbarga (2) Kalmandari tanda MC

Kalamandargi SWS

kamalapur hobli

4D5B7E2b

V

Mulkod SWS,

Chittapur Tq

4D5B8Z1c V

UHS

Bagalkot

(1)

Bidar Humnabad Taluk,

Chitaguppa hobli,

Rayapalli SWS

4E6E2D1e V

UAHS

Shivamogga

(1)

Chikkamagalur Hebbur Microwatershed,

Ajjampura

Subwatershed, Tarikere

Taluk,

4D3E4P2b

VI

Simultaneously IISc will impart training and capacity building to the other partners

(Universities) in hydrological monitoring and assessment. IISc will also help in

hydrological assessments using the data gathered by the partner universities through

suitable models. These models will be shared among partners to impart knowledge and

for use in other watersheds.

1. Reconnaissance of the catchment

Maps of themes like Geology, soil, Land Use and Land Cover, Hydro-

geomorphology, structures, etc will be generated by utilising remote sensing

techniques coupled with reconnaissance survey in the field. NBSS&LUP, B.U

and IISc are in-charge for reconnaissance surveys.

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2. Topography of the watershed

To understand the slope of the catchment Topographical mapping (1m contour)

would be done using ground survey through Total station (through suitable

agency) and this data will be used to calibrate and validate DEM prepared from

Indian remote sensing satellite, Cartosat-2 and Quick Bird. (RRSSC, Bangalore

or KSRSC will be in charge of developing the DEM).The total station survey

will also include the drainage network.

3. Rainfall and weather parameters

Rainfall and weather parameters will be monitored by telemetric and manual

methods. KSNDMC will facilitate WDD and Community to install and manage

weather forecasting equipment and maintain the weather parameter database and

also estimates PET and AET of the watershed. Frequency of the measurements

will be sub-hourly and on daily basis.

The data from Weather stations will be used to estimate daily PET for each of the

micro-watersheds selected for hydrological monitoring.

Moreover using these weather stations along with the network of weather stations

of KSNDMC, the daily PET estimates will be made available for all the sub-

watersheds of the KWDP II Project by KSNDMC.

4. Stream flow

To quantify the runoff volume, stream flow will be monitored daily at the exit of

the micro-watersheds selected for Hydrological Assessment and Monitoring. For

this purpose flume or Doppler devices will be installed depending upon the

nature of the conditions at the site of the stream at the watershed exit, which will

be determined during the reconnaissance surveys of the sub-and micro-

watersheds. The salt gulp method will also be used for making assessments of

stream flow at various locations of the stream network in the micro-watershed

during various storms. A sediment sampler will be also installed in the exit of

the watershed.

5. Soil moisture & Infiltration

Measurements of profile soil moisture at various locations in the micro-watershed

would be carried out with Time Domain Reflecto-meter. The choice and number

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of monitoring stations within a micro-watershed will be planned during the

reconnaissance surveys.

The surface soil moisture sampling will also be carried out in several plots of the

micro-watershed. These measurements would be performed during the

microwave satellite passes over the watersheds during the Kharif season.

Data sets of ENVISAT and RADARSAT-2 would be used in the first stage and

in the later stage the data of RiSAT (Indian microwave satellite scheduled to be

launched in 2012) will also be used by procuring from the ISRO.

The satellite data and ground measurements will help in calibrating the models of

soil moisture retrieval in the plots of the micro-watershed, which then will be

used for making watershed scale soil moisture maps periodically during the

Kharif season.

The ground measurements of soil moisture profiles would be used for estimating

infiltration and daily AET. Satellite images for soil moisture i.e Active SAR data

will be gathered during the four months of Kharif season by acquiring at least 6

to 8 images for the selected micro-watersheds during years 2013 to 2017.

6. Crop growth monitoring and assessment

Selected plots in the micro-watershed will be used for carrying out studies of leaf

area index, crop parameters and crop yield at harvest. Leaf-area meter will be

used for LAI measurements.

7. Groundwater monitoring & assessment

Groundwater level surveys need to be carried out at the sub-watershed scale

during the beginning of the project. Groundwater levels will be monitored by

using data loggers and manual methods. Ten data loggers will be used for each

micro-watershed with one telemetric logger suggested for each of the micro-

watershed. Temporal frequency of automatic measurement will be 30 min to 1

hr. A groundwater level measurement, for all available wells, is collected

manually at least once in each month in the micro-watershed. The groundwater

level monitoring will be used to estimate groundwater recharge at various

locations of the watershed. Suitable models either developed or customised for

this purpose will be shared among the partner universities. Specific hydraulic

tests needed to understand the aquifer behaviour in the micro-watershed will be

carried out.

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8. Water quality

Water quality of the stream and groundwater at various locations will be

determined. B.U will assist the water quality analysis.

9. Water use for different purposes

Bore well meters and power consumption will be considered to quantify

groundwater extraction. For surface water use details will be collected from GP

various records. NBSS&LUP and Partner Universities will be in-charge for

gathering data of water use and surveys.

Watersheds selected for Assessment and Monitoring

Advanced field based Hydrological assessment and monitoring will be implemented in

14 micro-watersheds in the Eleven districts namely, Bidar, Gulbarga, Yadgir, Gadag,

Koppal, Chamarajnagar, Davanagere, Tumkur, Raichur, Bijapur and Chikkamagalur.

Roles and Responsibilities

Partners Key Responsibilities

State level:

Watershed

Development

Department as

Key project

implementing

agency (PIA)

• To oversee the entire project implementation and

coordination between all partners.

• Actions to build institutional capacities in implementing

and partner agencies of the project.

• To release funds for project implementation as and when

required based on the situation.

Indian Institute of

Science (IISc) is

the Lead

consultancy for

hydrological

monitoring.

• To advise and support the WDD in Hydrological

assessment and monitoring related to the project.

• To monitor and assess two pilot watersheds in

Chamarajnagar District.

• To develop preparation of the bid documents for

procurement of equipments relevant to the project.

• To prepare guidelines to Design monitoring setup, advice

required formats for database of each watershed in order to

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The Time line for Hydrological monitoring and assessment will start in 2012, and will

continue till 2017 and could continue further up to 2022 on a revised time line under

the on going watershed projects later.

In this context Hydrological, water quality and weather parameters will be collected

daily and for each crop season and will be used for developing models to support

further integrated activities.

Participatory Hydrological planning in a micro-watershed

Water is an essential resource that affects all. True participation is ensured only when

all stakeholders are involved in taking decisions on water. In this process local people,

community organizations, NGOs and other stakeholders decide together how to

measure hydrological pathways and what actions should follow once this information

has been collected and analyzed. Stakeholders are given a voice in water planning and

management, with particular attention to securing the involvement of women and the

poor.

Methodology: Integrated participatory approach

Many approaches have been used in establishing hydrological monitoring networks. It

is proposed to develop an approach of six steps as given in the figure below;

have uniform data and compatible with the knowledgebase.

• Train regional universities in setting up the instrument for

other watersheds, and train for analysis in advance

monitoring, and modeling.

• Controlling the quality of hydrological data, storing,

processing, analyzing, maintaining the database of 14

watersheds through regional universities and WDD

• Planning for water-conservation structures.

• To develop hydrological models to use in the Decision

Support Systems.

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Fig.12 Integrated participatory approach in establishing the hydrological

monitoring network

Use of hydrological assessment by the community

• Participation of men and women of a watershed community in decision making at

all levels of water management is essential to achieve sustainability. Integrated

and sustainable water-resource management will contribute greatly to gender

equality by improving access of both women and men to water and water-related

services.

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Inception of Idea (a) What should be the spatial boundaries of

the monitoring system?

(b) What are the key hydrological processes

that need to be monitored and how?

(c) Is there any existing monitoring system?

(d) What is the historical profile of the

system?

End User

Stakeholder Identification (a) Who are key stakeholders

(b) What are their interests?

(c) How should they be involved?

(d) When should they be involved?

Defining the Scope of the Network (a) Establish a range of possible networks

(b) Consider processes that needs to be

monitored, resource available and scope

of existing network

Installation (a) Collect and analyze existing information

(b) Site Surveys

(c) Detailed design and installation

(d) Participation of key stakeholders in

installation

Monitoring (a) Participation of stakeholders

(b) Security of the installed network

Input from Experts &

Key Stakeholder

Expert Knowledge

(Experience from similar

projects Elsewhere &

Literature)

Local Knowledge

Feedback to Key

Stakeholders

Data and Information

sharing (Field days, report

analyzed data)

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• Equitable, sustainable and guaranteed access to water will result in reduction in

loss of produce caused by disruption in water supply and, consequently, helps

increase incomes and reduce poverty.

• Adequate supply of water in the watershed creates an environment for additional

production, which promotes employment and income enhancement.

• Involvement of many people promotes water education and awareness.

Training Needs

Improved knowledge and skills for a range of stakeholders, planners, and policy makers

at all levels will contribute to more effective integrated watershed management and

agricultural production. The component would be implemented through.

• Training of village-level extension agents (Jala Mitras), community institutions,

Gram Panchayat members and farmers.

• Special emphasis will be given to lead farmers who will form a core group as

champions and peer-to-peer support to other farmers.

• Institutional strengthening at state level, including training to implementing

agencies, with respect to management of surface water and groundwater and of

monitoring systems.

Linking Hydrological Assessment and Monitoring to Watershed planning through

DSS

Results of hydrological assessment and monitoring can be used to address a wide range

of water management issues such as;

• Recharging groundwater and thereby aquifers for ensuring sustainability matching

demand and supply.

• Reducing loss through runoff and evaporation losses through appropriate

interventions.

The data needed for undertaking the above assessment can be sourced from the Digital

Library. The information is also used for developing appropriate models and

incorporates in the decision support system to address complexities involved in

sustainable management of both surface- and ground-water resources.

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4.2.3 Technology transfer

Objectives:

• Development/adaptation of best-practice models and tools for end-users.

• Developing planning and training tools.

Strategy:

In terms of strengthening extension systems and outreach to rainfed farmers, the REC

will build strengths and links of the existing agricultural extension system. For

technology transfer specialist technical agencies, closely coordinated by the PTC and

REC will be contracted work in consultation with DoA and end users to develop

information and decision tools for end users. For prioritizing and coordinating field

demonstrations, for the adoption of new technologies, Farmer Field Schools approach

will be adopted. The REC will coordinate closely with the DoA’s and UAS field

research and extension wings.

The REC shall ensure that extension units such as district agricultural offices and RSKs

and KVKs in project watersheds are closely involved to feed research results into the

extension training programmes (under Component 3). This work will be coordinated by

the District Agricultural Training Centres through the KVKs and the RSKs.

RSKs will be upgraded to use IT under separate DoA funds. For this the PPMU will

contract a consultant to work closely with the REC and extension units to develop

interactive kiosks for use of extension agents and farmers to access a range of

information. Based on the utilization and feedback on the kiosks, these kiosks could be

rolled out in the second phase project to the MWS also.

Priority Areas of Technology Transfer:

The tools and techniques required to be demonstrated as best-practice models for end

users are in the following areas.

• Land capability maps at micro-watershed level indicating potentials and

constraints of the resources at individual farm level.

• Land suitability maps for cereals, oilseeds, pulses, horticultural crops, tree crops

and farming systems

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• Contingency plans for managing climate risks such as drought, variations in the

onset and withdrawals of monsoon, and flood.

• Synergizing other developmental programmes such as soil and water conservation

measures with soil topography and rainfall maps generated through Land

resources inventory.

• Using hydro-geological and geo-morphological maps to develop groundwater

management plans

• Monitoring information related to market demands, supplies and prices on the

data base for dissemination.

Methodology for Transfer of Technology:

The new technology will be disseminated by organizing demonstrations on specific

land uses, crops and farming systems, INM, IPM, Water use efficiency, water

conservation through land configuration systems, alternative land uses and livestock

management.

Audio-visual aids, web based information can also be used for intensification of

agriculture and improving water-use efficiency.

Exposure visits to farmers within the District/State will be arranged for better

understanding and adaptation of the technology by them.

In addition to the above, adaptive trials will be conducted on farmers’ fields so as to

train them for sustaining higher production levels and preventing resource degradation.

Specific themes will be selected and farmers’ field schools will be organized through

Lead Farmers for training purposes.

4.2.4. Strengthening research management

The REC will coordinate with local universities and research organizations and ensure

collaboration with other research institutions in India, such as International Crops

Research Institute for the Semi-Arid-Tropics (ICRISAT, under the CGIAR), and where

local/national expertise is not available, from specialized research institutions and

researchers overseas.

The REC will convene a workshop at State level for research identification and priority

setting. Further the REC will collaborate with the Agricultural Research Identification

96

and funding processes existing in the DoA. This includes District level bi-monthly

workshops, and bi-annual Zonal Research and Extension Advisory Council (ZREAC)

meetings in each agro-climatic region, both of which involve university research and

department extension staff. The DoA also has a Research and Development Scheme for

funding research, directed towards the three UAS. The project will augment the

resources dedicated to rainfed agriculture and the range of stakeholders involved with

specific interests in watershed management. For example, the REC would ensure that

the private sector, NGO and community representatives form part of the identification

process for research programmes.

For integrated hydrological monitoring, the IISc through a consultancy shall advise the

PPMU on the purchase of equipment for one micro-watershed where best-practice

monitoring methodology would be demonstrated. The IISc will use the pilot

experiences to train the three UAS institutions in rolling out the advanced system in 14

selected micro-watersheds across all seven project Districts. There would be close

coordination on hydrology and groundwater monitoring through Bangalore University,

which has a network of groundwater monitoring points. An MoU would be signed with

the Karnataka State Natural Disaster Monitoring Centre (KSNDMC) under the State

Department of Science and Technology, for processing and sharing of the agro-climatic

data that this component would generate.

97

Fig.13 Schematic Representation of component 2

SAU/SHU

NGO / Private

Sectors

IISc

Specialized

Technology

Transfer

Agencies

Bangalore

University

DoA & DoH

DoA Districts

Extension Units

KVKs

Hopcoms

RSKs

Agricultural

Systems & Portal

Web Server, etc.

Demonstrations

Field Schools

PPMU

REC

Research

Competitive Research

Process

Hydrological

Monitoring System

Technology

Transfer

98

4.2.5 Pilot Demonstration of Water Harvesting and production technologies

Watershed Development Department is implementing integrated Watershed

Development programmes in the state. The Programme envisages efficient

utilization of Natural Resources like soil, water, bio-diversity for improving

Livelihood of the farmers. Soil & Moisture conservation structures like graded

bunds, Trench cum bund, Farm ponds Check dams, boulder checks, Gully checks,

mini perculation tank etc., have been implemented. To improve the productivity of

the crops several agronomic practices have been adopted. To raise the income of

the farmers Income Generating activities like Animal Husbandry, Poultry, Bee

keeping etc., were undertaken in the projects. The rain water harvested and

collected in Water Harvesting Structures and supplementary irrigation with Bore

wells. High value crops are grown to improve the income of the farmers.

Karnataka Watershed Development Project-II (Sujala-III) World Bank aided

project under component, research development and innovation has earmarked

Rs. 300 lakhs for 2015-16 and Rs. 300 lakhs for 2016-17 and Rs. 400 lakhs for

2017-18 totaling Rs. 1000 lakhs (CBH. ID No. 2133 approved project cost table)

for conducting pilot demonstration of Water Harvesting and Production

Technology. The demonstration will be conducted in one selected Watershed in

each project districts in small and marginal farmers field in utilizing this stored

water for productive purposes.

Objectives :

1. To demonstrate how to utilize the water harvested in the project activity to

enhance the income of the farmers.

2. To demonstrate the ways of other income generation activity and to improve

the lively wood of the farmers.

3. To provide income to the farmers throughout the year in rainfed areas

through the intervention of Horticulture and Animal Husbandry

4.2.6 Pilot demonstrations on watershed treatments saturation gap filling in selected

in micro watersheds

Govt.of India has fixed the cost per hectare of Rs.12000/-in plains and

Rs.15000/-in hilly areas under IWMP projects. Of which amount available for

land based activities is Rs.6720/Ha in plains and Rs.8400/Ha in hilly areas. In

this context, the area planned to be treated may not be fully covered giving thrust

for all the activities required in that parcel on holistic approach may be due to

paucity of funds.

99

Taking stock of the situation and inorder to assess the real time visible impact of

all the activities/interventions with respect to natural resource management, land

capability, crop production and productivity of the soils eventually to see the

marked improvement in the production and sustainable management of natural

resources. Sujala-3 project is planned to identify one sub-watershed /Micro-

watershed in each of the project district which was treated under IWMP in which

taking the stock of the previously executed netplan, revisiting all the parcels of the

sub-watershed /Micro-watershed to prepare the revised net plan based on the

interventions required in the parcel on real time basis to precipitate desirable out

puts. Therefore, the planned area will be treated to measure the impact of

interventions for sustainable management of natural resources dovetailing the

fundsof Rs.22.54corersavailable under Sujala-3 project.

4.2.7 Peri urban watershed planning, management and demonstration

Peri-urban areas are characterized by a mixture of land uses associated with a

range of urban and rural livelihoods. However, the majority of settlements in peri-

urban areas, particularly those inhabited by poorer communities, do not have

access to adequate water supply and sanitation facilities. Even where household

sanitation and localized drainage facilities do exist, often there is a lack of a

comprehensive system for the collection and disposal of wastewater.

Use of wastewater in agriculture in rural as well as peri-urban areas in India is not

uncommon. Almost 90% of total water supplied for domestic use generates

wastewater which could be diverted for agriculture purpose. Safe use of

wastewater could be a potential source of water in agriculture especially for

vegetable growers in peri-urban areas. These areas have large employment

opportunity for female and male labourers to cultivate crops, vegetables, flowers,

fodders that can be sold in nearby markets or for their livestock use.

The wastewater is also a resource that can be applied for productive uses since

wastewater contains nutrients that have the potential for use in agriculture,

aquaculture, and other activities.

Objectives

• To develop plans for improved wastewater treatment and reuse in peri-urban

area.

• To Adopt best wastewater treatment available in terms of economy and time.

• To find out best use/alternate use of this recycled water for income generation

activity.

To identify the environmental impacts of wastewater use

100

Wastewater Treatment Processes

Flow Diagram of the Wastewater Treatment Process

101

4.3 Component - 3. Institutional Strengthening-Capacity Building

The project seeks to demonstrate more effective watershed management through

greater programme integration related to rainfed agriculture, innovative and science-

based approaches, strengthened institutions and increased capacities of the

stakeholders. The project proposes to strengthen science base of watershed

management under IWMP through land management in the light of hydrological

dynamics and climate variability along with Horticulture, value chain & value addition

etc. It is considered that greater participation of small and marginal farmers in the

proposed extension delivery system, agricultural, horticultural schemes, will enhance

their opportunities to adopt new technologies for realizing higher yields and incomes.

In addition, stakeholders require more knowledge and expertise on improved planning

tools and process, land management and productivity in rainfed areas.

The capacity building activities will be organized to improve / enhance the ability of all

stakeholders to achieve the project objectives collectively. The principles of capacity

building are : (i) Institutional development focusing engagement of stakeholders in

relation to the development objectives and ii) Enhancing knowledge base and skill

levels of different stake holders.

The project targets the capacity building of the following:

a) Beneficiary organizations (EC, UG, SHGs, HOPCOMS)

b) Facilitator organizations (WDT, NGOs, WA)

c) Project Management Unit (PPMU, PTC, REC, DWDO, TWDOs)

d) Elected Local Bodies (GP and ZP members)

e) Technical support members (Staff of WDD, DoA, DoH, SAUs, DoAH, UHS,

RSKs, KVKs)

Implementation:

The PPMU will plan, oversee and monitor the comprehensive training needs and

exposure program for the State, District and field level project stakeholders. This task

will be implemented with the assistance of a contracted training NGO having extensive

experience & expertise in participatory watershed management and agricultural

extension activities. Workshops and Trainings including Exposure visits and

development of suitable Training Modules are the integral part of the capacity building

process.

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Institutional Development achieved through:

• Customised training modules & programs on planning processes.

• Tools & Techniques of integrated watershed management.

• Development and Strengthening of the in-house M&E systems in WDD

• Providing Information Education and Communication (IEC) equipments to farmer

contact centres.

• Study tours / Exposure visits within India and selected countries abroad

• Effective MIS system.

Main Objectives :

• Institutional Strengthening & Capacity Building of Project partners &

implementing agencies.

• Train the stakeholders at all levels for efficient & integrated watershed

management programmes to achieve enhanced Production and Productivity in

rainfed agriculture.

• Integrate the existing training programmes conducted through IWMP

• Strengthen the skills and knowledge of stakeholders at community and state level.

• Scientific, improved & integrated watershed planning & management in rainfed

areas.

• To impart training to the farmer groups about watershed planning programme,

convergence, integration, and participatory agricultural extension, either directly

or through a lead farmer trainer.

• To Train the Village level extension agents (Jala Mitras / Gopalaka Mitras),

community institutions, Gram Panchayat members, and farmers about the benefits

of integrated watershed planning and the importance of effective convergence of

IWMP and MNREGS operations.

• To Train the farmers on integrated crop planning, water management, farming

intensity, environmental management, soil and soil moisture management, and

adaptation to climatic change, etc.

• Incremental training for User Groups / Producer groups on improved harvesting

and post-harvest handling of produce, Primary processing and value addition,

assessing the market potential etc. for Agriculture and Horticulture crops.

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• Awareness training for the members of Women’s Groups & Self-Help Groups

about the other ongoing Government Schemes and Programs on Agriculture,

Horticulture, Animal Husbandry etc.

• To organise Exposure Visits for community members across the project area for

exchange of information, sharing the Knowledge and adoption of latest

Technology.

Training Material and Tools for CB Activities:

Preparation of Training Materials and Tools and Development of various training

Modules will be the responsibility of the Lead Technical Partner of the respective

component, in association with WDD. In this regard, PTC and REC of WDD will co-

ordinate with all the Technical project partners. While preparing CB Plan care will be

taken to integrate the existing information in the IWMP Training modules. The

proposed major Training Programmes, workshops, training modules and the exposure

visits for Capacity Building are listed in the Table below.

4.3.1 Infrastructure improvements

Necessary steps will be taken to upgrade the District Watershed Training Centres

located at Mysore and Bijapur. Services of these Training Centres will be utilised

to impart trainings to target groups of the project at different levels. To provide

improved Training support, these two institutions will be strengthened for

establishing effective Management Information Systems (MIS) by upgrading the

Technology with latest software and hardware.

104

Various capacity building activities proposed under the project are;

A. Identified Workshops

SL

No. Category Activities Responsibility

1 Workshop WORKSHOP to develop MoU and contract

document for consortium partners.

WDD/NBSS&LUP

and other partners

2 Workshop State level Project induction WORKSHOP for

all stakeholders. WDD

3 Workshop District level WORKSHOP involving District

level officers and TWDOs as

Orientation/Induction WORKSHOP.

DWDOs

4 Workshop Organising IEC campaigns at project, district,

sub watershed and micro watershed level

WDD / Outsourcing

/ NGO

5 Workshop State level and district level M&E

WORKSHOPS PPMU/REC

6 Workshop Midterm review WORKSHOP and Impact

Assessment surveys WDD/PPMU

7 Workshop Stake holders orientation workshop at sub

watershed level involving WDT, NGO, RSK,

KVK, Through Grama sabha for community

input in watershed analysis

PTC / NBSS&LUP

/UAS / UHS

8 Workshop Information dissemination Workshop at sub

watershed level to present assessment report and

Tentative land use plan / conservation plan etc.

for stakeholder consultation and incorporate

their feed back

Regional

Universities

assigned with LRI &

WDT facilitated by

PTC/REC

9 Workshop Stakeholder engagement workshop for review

of new tool testing at mid-term and identify

changes and refinements

PTC / WDD / DoH

10 Workshop Training on Planning and designing for

Convergence with NREGS – particularly with

spatial targeting of physical soil moisture

conservation works within a science-based

watershed plan

WDT / NBSS&LUP

/ SAUs

11 Workshop Planning process workshop for dissemination of

knowledge Products to EC, Jal mitras, UGs,

GPs, filed staff, NGO staff at MWS level

(maps, field manuals for local teams etc.)

WDD and Line

Departments, ZP and

NGOs

12 Workshop MWS Level M&E workshops & Hands on

training on use of various monitoring

equipments, data collection, storage and

transmission for community M&E (one training

workshop for every 3 MWS)

WDT/NGO

13 Workshop State Level Research Identification & Priority

setting workshop REC /WDD

105

14 Workshop Participatory district level stake holder survey

workshops to validate & refine Research areas REC /WDD

15 Workshop

Additional Annual workshop for Review of

Priorities based on emerging issues

NGO / Dry land

Research wing of

UAS

16 Workshop Coordinating with District level bi monthly

workshops by DOA & Universities for Review

& monitoring of the ongoing research projects

REC / M & E

Agency

17 Workshop

State level & District level workshop to

stakeholders to disseminate the research

findings

REC / Approved

Research

Organizations /

NGO

18 Workshop Workshop - SAU's and WDD/line department

staff on basic & advanced Hydrological

monitoring & assessments IISc

19 Workshop Collaborate with the Agricultural Research

Identification and funding processes existing in

the DOA, through the District level bi-monthly

workshops, and bi-annual Zonal Research and

Extension Advisory Council (ZREAC) meetings

in each of the regions, REC/WDD

20 Workshop State level Coordination Workshops involving

various organizations REC/WDD

21 Workshop Coordination workshops with SAUs and

DOA/DOH/DAH on field research and

extension process involving KVKs, RSKs PTC/REC

22 Workshop NREGS convergence workshops at District and

Taluka level WDT/ZP/GP

Modules Identified for Development

Sl

No

Module Developing Capacity Building manual on DSS

for its operationalisation and utility.

Consortium

Partners

1 Module Developing publicity material for LRI stake

holders orientation

NBSS&LUP/UAS/

UHS/IISC through

outsourcing

2 Module Developing Video film on LRI

PPMU /

NBSS&LUP

3 Module Publication of LRI reports- Micro watershed

wise

NBSS&LUP /

SAUs & UHS

4 Module Developing training manual for DL usage and

utility

ICRISAT &

Partners

5 Module Developing user manual for LR Portal

ICRISAT

6 Module Developing Training Modules for resource

assessment at sub watershed level for survey

team, local facilitators, NGO's, KVK's, lead

farmers and GP members

NBSS&LUP /

SAUs

106

7 Module Develop an incremental Training Module &

Manual for WDT, Communities and GP On:1.

programme integration & Convergence

PTC / NBSS&LUP

/ SAUs

8 Module Safeguards

9 Module i) providing for participation by PRIs through

SWS and MWS level institutional platforms

WDT/ZP/NGO

10 Module ii) capacity building of PRI institutions and

securing participation in planning and

implementation

WDT/ZP/NGO

11 Module iii) establishment of Right of Grievance (ROG)

to address issues arising at the MWS & disputes

(if any) across the different levels.

WDT/WDD/ZP/

Line Depts.

12 Module Planning & Designing interventions

PTC / NBSS&LUP

/ SAUs

13 Module New approaches and tools for integrated

planning,

PTC / NBSS&LUP

/ SAUs

14 Module Watershed management and Hydrology and

links with land-use decisions to promote

rationale for more NREGS convergence with

spatial Targeting

PTC / NBSS&LUP

/ SAUs

15 Module Environmental Awareness Management and

Monitoring

PTC / NBSS&LUP

/ SAUs

16 Module Developing community monotoring training

modules for WDT , CBOs and GPs

PTC/NGO

17 Module Developing training modules in Hydrological

assessment

IISc

18 Module Developing Capacity Building Manuals on

technology transfer for Extension Agents

UAS/DOA

19 Module Develop materials, field notes, tool kits, videos,

fact sheets, posters,and Install interactive kiosks

on a pilot basis

PTC/REC/DOA

20 Module Audio-visual aids, web based information for

intensification of agriculture and improving

rainwater use efficiency and groundwater use

efficiency, post harvest technology

WDT/DoA/DoH/D

OAH/KVKs/NGOs

21 Module Developing awareness raising training modules

based on the need assessment

NGO/WDD

22 Module Developing Technical modules for training and

demonstrations for various horticultural crops

on production, harvest and post harvest

management including marketing aspects

NGO/DoH

23 Module Developing Training Modules for various

Horticulture crops on Best Farming Practices

that include Pest and Disease Management, in-

situ water conservation, weed control,

intercropping, mulching, supplemental

irrigation, harvest and post harvest management

WDT/DoH/KVKs/

NGOs

107

and INM linked to the productivity

Trainings Identified

Sl

No.

Training Capacity Building to WDD/line

departments/SAUs., for Upscaling on DSS.

PPMU/REC

1 Training Awareness creation on DSS and its utility for

WDT and community institutions at micro

watershed level

PPMU/REC

2 Training Training for conducting Soil survey and

Watershed Assessment in Constitution of field

parties

NBSS&LUP /IISc

3 Training Orientation training for end users on Soil survey

and Watershed Assessment

NBSS&LUP /IISc

4 Training Capacity building on usage and utility of LRI

for planning and interpretation for WDT.

NBSS&LUP/SAUs

& UHS

5 Training Workshops, trainings and seminars on usage

and utility of DL for planning and interpretation

for WDT and local watershed institutions

including GP and RSK's and line department

staff (insitu/SATCOM)

ICRISAT&

Partners

6 Training Training on Geo-informatics (GIS) (Land scape

Technology -Latest development )

ICRISAT &

NBSS&LUP

7 Training

Capacity Building for Project staff on Use of

Land resources portal

NBSS&LUP,IISc

and SAUs and

WDD.

8 Training

Additional training and Technical support for

hydrology and stakeholder facilitation.

Agency familiar

with the use of

hydrological

models/NGO/WDT

9 Training Trainings at watershed institutions NBSS&LUP/SAUs

/WDT

10 Training Training WDT Teams for Programme

integration, convergence planning & designing

interventions, safeguards (1 to 6 )and

Hydrology

WDD Training

Centres

11 Training Training community, CBOs,and GPs for

Programme integration, convergence planning,

Hydrology

WDT/NGO

12 Training Pilot and monitor a program of testing new tools

in I phase Micro Watersheds

PTC/WDT

13 Training Delivery of trainings to WDT, CBOs and GP -

(Intensive monitoring and documentation )

NGO

14 Training Organizing farmer field school to disseminate

the best practices / technologies to the farmers

with the help of field guide, brouchers, training

material

Research

Organisations /

KVKs / UAS

108

15 Training Training - SAU's and WDD/line department

staff on basic & advanced Hydrological

monitoring & assessment IISc

16 Training Training of micro watershed sanghas, GP,

KVK's and NGO's by the SAU'S on

Hydrological monitoring WDD/SAU's

17 Training Training SAU & WDD / Line Dept. Staff on

Improved methods of Surface & Ground water

recharge development

IISc, SAU and

NBSS&LUP

18 Training Trainings to Extension Agents on Technology

transfer UAS/DoA

19 Training Training farmer groups (Sanghas) around

small Demonstrations on perennial crops,

annual crops and nutrition gardens to assist to

adopt Good Agriculture Practices including

integrated nutrition, pest and disease

management practices, in-situ water

conservation, weed control, intercropping,

mulching, supplemental irrigation

DoH/WDT/HOPC

OMS

20 Training Training and Capacity building need assessment

both at state as well as at the field level WDD/PPMU

21 Training Training of trainers (TOT) to all the state level

stakeholders including WDD & DOH HQ staff

on planning process including tools for

integrated watershed management and in-house

M&E development WDD/DoH/NGO

22 Training Training and capacity building of horticulture

based farmer groups (Sanghas) established in

the micro watersheds for various Horticulture

crops on harvest and post harvest management DoH/NGO

23 Training Training village institutions like SHGs, UGs,

GPs, Progressive farmers and Village Extension

Agents on integrated natural resource

management, hydrology/Ground water

management, safeguards, agriculture

intensification, marketing and post harvest

management NGO/WDT

24 Training Additional training and technical support for

hydrology WDT/NGO

25 Training Field testing & Training on ICT Tools WDD/DOH/PPMU

26 Training Technical support for maintenance, refinement

and to strengthen WDD MIS Outsourcing

27 Training Capacity Building of project staff at different

levels on Procurement, Financial Management WDD/Outsourcing

28 Training Training to facilitators (TOT)

WDT/DoH/DoAH/

KVKs/NGOs

109

29 Training NREGS Convergence trainings to EC and GP WDT/ZP

30 Training Focused Horticultural Trainings DoH/WDT

Exposure Visits

Sl

No.

Exposure

visit

Organizing National and International exposure

visits to GOK officials ICRISAT

1 Exposure

visit

Exposure visits to farmers within the

district/state for better understanding and

adaptation of the technology ICRISAT

2 Exposure

visit Organizing exposure visits to SHGs, UGs, ECs,

GPs, Jala mitra and progressive farmers NGO/WDT

3 Exposure

visit Exposure visits to Horticulture Farmers / User

Groups WDT/WDD

4 Exposure

visit Improved post-harvesting handling practices

through exposure visits Outsourcing

5 Exposure

visit

Exposure visits for Headquarters, Field Staff &

Support Staff within India and to other

countries.

DoH/PPMU/REC

110

4.5 Component 5. Project Management and Coordination

Component 5 will be implemented through three sub components.

4.5.1 Sub-component 5.1. Human resources

The sub-component will support incremental technical staff (both full-time and part-

time) in headquarters and field offices, with specialization in various disciplines such as

agriculture, hydrology/meteorology, GIS/MIS, environment, training, documentation,

procurement, financial management, and legal services. These staff will be mainly

located in the headquarters of the project.

The sub-component will also support incremental administration costs including field

travel, communications and equipment such as rental cars, computers, office furniture,

etc, to support project implementation. The sub-component will cover costs of external

audits and other relevant financial management activities. It will also support the

setting up and maintenance of a project website (built as update to the existing WDD

website) and other project information material. The project will have a comprehensive

communication and review strategy to ensure wide awareness about the project purpose

and lessons, and ensure stakeholders engage in the continuous improvement of the

project. This will include specific information events and workshops, but will largely

build on the M&E and learning system and products, as well as a wide range of

knowledge products emerging from the research and development component.

Management specialists will be hired for strengthening the WDD management and

M&E systems, and upgrading the WDD’s existing MIS system.

In terms of strengthening extension systems and outreach to rainfed farmers, the REC

will build strengths and links of the existing agricultural extension system. This will be

coordinated with the District Agricultural Training Centres through KVKs(under the

Agricultural Universities) in most districts and also the RSKs (or Farmer Contact

Centres) located at the Hobli level.

The RSKs are managed by the Agricultural Officer at the Taluk level, and form a

contact point for farmer facilitators and farmer groups for agricultural inputs,

information on DoA schemes and technologies. One farmer facilitator, with an

allowance from the DoA, provides support on technologies and advice on schemes to

farmers in an area of 500 ha, roughly equivalent to a micro-watershed.

RSKs will have IT upgrading under separate DoA funds, the PPMU will contract a

consultant to work closely with the REC and extension units to develop interactive

111

kiosks on a pilot basis, which extension agents and farmers can use to access a range of

information. Based on the utilization and feedback, these kiosks will then be rolled out

in the second phase project also.

For technology transfer, specialist technical agencies, coordinated by the PTC and REC

and working in consultation with DoA and end users, will be contracted to develop

information decision tools for end users. For prioritizing and coordinating field

demonstrations and field schools for the adoption of new technologies, the REC will

coordinate with the DoA’s and UAS field research and extension processes.

At District and Taluk levels the project will provide support staff, training and

equipment to build capacity and strengthen the arrangements already in place, mainly

the existing DWDTs and WDT under the IWMP.

The REC supported by outsourced specialized NGOs will undertake capacity building

of existing agricultural and horticultural extension units, especially RSKs, so that the

local units can access and use a greater range of information products, decision tools,

and manage field demonstrations.

A web-enabled computerized MIS which will be an integral part of the M&E system,

integrated into the overall WDD MIS systems.

4.5.2 Sub-component 5.2 Financial management and procurement

The sub-component will support consultancies for financial management, procurement,

and internal audit to augment internal WDD capabilities and systems. Costs for staff

training in Bank procurement and financial management will also be supported.

A Finance Management and Procurement Cell (FMPC) will be established in the

WDD under the PPMU for financial and procurement control and reporting of the

project. The project will have a full time qualified Finance Manager at State level and

qualified staff in each of the eleven project Districts. There will be dedicated staff to

assist with the accounts under the horticulture component in Districts.

Financial management and procurement consultancies will be outsourced to assist the

PPMU in designing, establishing, and monitoring the FM systems, software

installation, and processes for handling finance and procurement issues under the Bank

project.

112

4.5.3 Sub-component 5.3 Project monitoring and evaluation

Introduction:

The sub-component will finance the incremental third party monitoring and evaluation

requirements relevant to project activities specifically, complementing the overall

M&E system operating under IWMP. The M&E system shall consist of the following

elements:

i) Baseline studies; ii) concurrent progress monitoring; iii) process monitoring and

pathway analysis; iv) results monitoring, including performance assessments, with

regular local and State project planning and review workshops; v) participatory

monitoring and evaluation; vi) thematic studies and case-studies, with learning and

policy oriented workshops; and vii) impact evaluation.

Input-output monitoring and regular reporting will be supported by a web-enabled

computerized MIS which will be an integral part of the M&E system,

Strategy

In the wake of increasingly emerging concern all over the world for people-centric,

environment- friendly and cost- effective development initiatives, there has been a

paradigm shift in monitoring and evaluation of projects. The thrust is essentially on

participatory monitoring and evaluation. It enables identification of operational

constraints and problems if any in planning and successful implementation of a project

and the department of suitable hands-on corrective measures by involving those

concerned. The project monitoring and evaluation approach as envisaged in the project

provides for the involvement of different stakeholders, implementing agencies and

research organizations in key decisions regarding convergence with other development

programmes in the area, inclusiveness, equity and agricultural intensification with best

farming practices and efforts at up-scaling.

The project M&E system shall a) provide a clear picture of the project, showing the

logical link between inputs, activities, outputs, and the sequence of outcomes; b)

outline an institutional/ governance structure for M&E and the roles and responsibilities

of stakeholders involved; c) describe a strategy to track progress, measure outcomes,

support the evaluation work, and enable continuous learning and improvement; and d)

provide information regarding what the project aims to achieve, identifies the critical

processes and indicators, and how it would measure and report on results. Annexure–X

113

provides project and component outcome indicators and methods for collecting

information.

Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning

• Monitoring is a systematic and continuous assessment of the progress and

direction of all activities throughout the project period, watching closely the

project implementation trajectories and the results achieved. In the process,

shortcomings are identified and brought to the notice of decision-makers, to

facilitate implementation of corrective measures.

• Evaluation consists of determining the net contribution of the project to

agricultural intensification in the project area adopting science-based farming and

benefits that are accrued to the stakeholders, by using a set of indicators.

• Learning comprises the corrective measures identified to bridge the gaps observed

in the programme during the monitoring. The learning insights that emerge in the

process should be documented for generating a knowledge base that will be used

in developing contingency plans to overcome shortcomings in implementation of

similar programmes elsewhere. The learning, therefore, triggers multiplier effects

across space and time.

Impact Assessment

Impact Assessment of the project is done to evaluate the overall impact of the project

on the natural resources and socio-economic aspects.

This is done through 10% sampling (socio-economic & natural resources) with respect

to baseline, mid-term and final assessment.

Impact assessment will be carried out in 3 stages:-

i) Initial stage: The first stage will be initiated with baseline survey, which forms the

benchmark for the mid-term and final assessment. The sample watersheds under

the project taluk will be selected through simple random sampling with ‘control’

watersheds selected outside the project area.

ii) The baseline surveys would draw information from the Digital Library and

Natural Resources Portal and data from other sources.

iii) Mid-term assessment will be carried out to coincide with the half way point of

project implementation. It will make use of baseline information as benchmark.

114

iv) Final assessment: The final evaluation would coincide with the end of the project.

At this stage, the evaluation would focus on the project’s overall objectives of

improved productivity, reduction in poverty across the target population through

scientific land-use, performance of the local level institutions regarding their

ability to manage the resources, level of convergence with other development

programmes to determine equity, inclusiveness and optimum allocation of

financial resources. It will also focus on the best management practices identified

involving research organizations.

Concurrent progress monitoring

The purpose of this activity is to assess progress in implementation against time

progress of and fund use against budgets. It will report on progress of implementation

and expenditure on a quarterly and annual basis. Concurrent monitoring will consist of

two parts:

• Input-output monitoring (updated monthly, reported quarterly and annually) to be

undertaken by project implementation and management units supported by an

MIS; and

• Sample survey (quarterly basis), to be undertaken by an external M&E agency

for validation of internal reports.

Process monitoring and pathway analysis

Process monitoring will deal with critical processes directly related to the project

objectives, viz., formulation of integrated plans, convergence of resources, and so on.

It will be combined with ‘pathway analysis’ to systematically study and analyze the

factors leading to achievement or non-achievement of intermediate project outcomes

and impacts.

Process monitoring responsibilities will be divided between internal and external

auditors, and specific formats and checklists developed to facilitate process monitoring

by internal staff members. To deal with the constraints of lack of capacity for

undertaking such assignment, an external agency will be hired for capacity building of

project team.

115

Monitoring of results

To track efficiency and effectiveness of the project interventions, achievement of

results will be continuously monitored. While the MIS will be able to track immediate

results, tracking of intermediate outcomes will be done by an external M&E agency,

which will also validate findings of input-output monitoring on a quarterly basis. Any

deviations notice will be corrected.

Project Management Information Systems (MIS)

Input-output and results monitoring would be supported by a web-enabled

computerized MIS which would be an integral part of the M&E system, wherever

necessary integrated into the overall WDD MIS systems. Support in this area would

cover i) initial assessment of management information requirements and potential for

ICT automation; ii) software development; iii) customization; iv) field testing and

system rolling out; and v) sustained technical support for maintenance, including

further adaptation and refinement.

Participatory monitoring and evaluation

Participatory M&E (PME) tools will be developed and used extensively at Executive

Committee, Panchayat and User group levels for sensitization, capacity building,

planning and self-assessment of institutional capabilities, depending on stage of

institutional maturity.

Gopal Mitras/ Jala Mitras will be brought on board to the tools. Suggested methods

include self-scoring by Community Based Organizations (CBOs), and District team

facilitated institutional assessment. Results of self-scoring exercises will be integrated

within the project MIS and indices developed for assessment of institutional maturity.

Thematic studies and case-studies

The need for thematic studies will emerge from the findings of the process monitoring

and external quality monitoring as the project progresses. Specialized agencies with

expertise in the fields to be studied will be invited for planning and conduct of these

studies. The studies will generally be evaluative in nature, but may also capture good

practices of the project. In addition, the project will proactively undertake

documentation of processes, case-studies, best practices and lessons learnt from project

experience. Documentation will be for internal learning as well as for disseminating

116

project experiences to other stakeholders; it will be a continuing process throughout the

project duration and across all the project personnel.

Impact Evaluation

The objective of Impact Evaluation will be to establish the net contribution of the

project to the sustainable livelihoods of the targeted families quasi-experimental time-

series design will proposed for the project impact evaluation. As necessitated by the

nature of the project outcomes and impacts, an appropriate mix of quantitative and

qualitative methods will be adopted for the evaluations.

Action learning, documentation and reflection

Internal learning is crucial for the project to be responsive to the changing context of

the project as it progresses. The effectiveness of internal learning will depend upon the

degree of institutionalization of learning among the various levels of project

organization and the community.

A considerable part of learning will take place through a structured set of participatory

workshops associated with quarterly and annual review and planning, at local, district

and State level.

Institutional Arrangement for M&E

The M&E responsibilities will be distributed across all the project units and staff.

However, primary responsibilities at each level will rest with M&E specialists:

• M&E Coordinator and MIS Coordinator at the state level;

• M&E assigned specialist and MIS Specialist at district level; and

• Hired services for design, development, operation and maintenance of project MIS.

The Results framework table in Annexure outlines responsibilities in relation to

outcome monitoring.

Items to be Monitored

• Convergence between NREGS and IWMP so as to augment finances for

effectively organizing soils and water conservation measures as only 63% of the

allocations under IWMP could be used for soil and water conservation

117

• Micro-watershed plans developed for promoting science-based land-use

management coupled with integrated water resources management based on

hydrological assessment.

• Bridging the yield gaps at the individual farm level in the watersheds that could

be achieved through science-based farming and incorporating the best

management practices are to be identified by organizing bi-monthly and annual

zonal workshops involving research organizations as wells as line departments,

viz, agriculture, horticulture, animal husbandry, fisheries, forestry by WDD.

Annual zonal workshops will distil the best practices and learning for up-scaling.

WDD will take initiative to organize these workshops.

118

Fig.14 Information Flow for Monitoring & Evaluation

Line Departments

1. Agriculture

2. Horticulture

3. Animal

Husbandry

4. Fisheries

Farmer Groups

Schemes

Indigenous Kn-

owledge & Issues

WDD

REC

DWDO

WSC

(User Groups)

BMP

s

Research

Themes

BMPs

UAS-B

UAS-D

UAS-R

UAHS-S

UHS-B

UAHV&FS-B

119

Chapter-5

Pre Project Studies under the KWDP-II (SUJALA-III)

(Disclosed in WDD website www.watershed.kar.nic.in)

The WDD initiated Baseline, Social Assessment and Environmental Assessment studies. The

study reports submitted by the different agencies have made several observations and

recommendations to be considered by the project authorities. The said reports are reviewed

by the PIA-WDD, and suitable recommendations and observations are considered for drafting

implementation concept note and details are given below;

5.1 Comprehensive Base line Survey of the project districts:

Objectives and Scope of Study;

The broad objectives of the baseline study under SUJALA-III considered are to

ascertain the current status of the poor rural households in the 7 Project Districts

(Bidar, Chamarajnagar, Davangere, Gadag, Gulbarga, Koppal &Yadgir) in terms of

their resources, skills, livelihoods, assets and to identify the factors affecting their

current status.

• To establish benchmarks against which project progress will be measured,

• To generate and develop an information base pertaining to socio-economic profile

of targeted households and villages,

• To reflect on power dynamics structure pre-existent in the target areas, and risks

which are likely to be faced by the project; also suggest mitigation strategies for

the risks identified.

• To map the availability and concentration of developmental agencies and inputs in

the project districts, while analysing their socio-economic profiles.

Introduction;

In Karnataka, in general, the area under dry land agriculture is prone to periodic

droughts, severe soil erosion due to erratic rainfall, and depleting groundwater,

significantly hindering agricultural productivity. Sujala Watershed Development

Project (Sujala I), implemented by the Watershed Development Department,

established a model for the participatory integrated Watershed Development. Sujala

120

was a community-driven watershed development project implemented over 2001-2009.

The current project - Karnataka Watershed Development Project II (Sujala III) – aims

to build on the success of Sujala I by involving all stakeholders. However, as a pre-

requisite to this process this study is undertaken to identify the Stakeholders –

individuals or agencies who can impact and/or who can get impacted by the project -

and to map their expectations as well as issues.

Methodology followed;

Methodology followed is analysis of primary data followed by baseline indicators

matrix development, of the information collected from State, District, Taluk Offices,

including survey by the investigators of the agency.

Although several indicators are considered for study, only data for few selected

indicators data details applicable to the seven project districts are given in following

Table

Table: Baseline Indicators (all figs in % of households unless stated)

Sl.

No Indicator Bidar

Cha

mraj

nagar

Davan

gere Gadag Gulbarga Koppal Yadgir

Coverage (Talukas) 4 3 4 2 7 4 3

No. of households sampled

1750 1450 1650 1350 3600 1650 1500

1 Owning Land 46.1 61.7 63.6 51.6 59.8 67.7 63.3

2 Land Holding Size

Landless (Nil) 5.1 6.5 6.6 6.8 8.8 8.1 9.3

Small (0 to 2 acre) 53.9 38.3 36.4 48.4 40.3 32.3 36.7

Marginal (2 to 4

acre) 15.4 21.9 25.2 17.3 18.9 20.4 21.5

Medium (4 to 8

acre) 8.1 8.9 12.1 9.3 10.6 13.5 12.1

Big (> 8 acre) 17.5 24.4 19.8 18.2 21.4 25.8

20.3

3 Water Harvesting

Structures

Farm Bunds 0.1 0.3 10.4 4.3 14.9 27.6 0.4

Contour Bunds 0 0.1 0.1 0 13.7 7.2 0.2

Ponds 0 1.4 2.8 8.4 21.8 32.7 0.3

Stone/Earth dams 0.1 0.1 0.6 1.3 3.4 9.5 0

Check dams 0.1 0.1 0 2 3.2 1.4 1.4

Diversion Dams 0.7 0.3 0.8 0.4 3.3 4 1.7

4 Migration 5.7 5.4 6.4 6 6.3 20.2 14.9

121

(overall)

5

Migration

(category wise)

SC 7 7 12 9 7 22 18

ST 4 5 4 5 15 24 25

BC 5 17 4 9 5 19 9

Others 6 2 2 3 4 18 13

6 Annual Income

<Rs. 20,000 44.2 40.8 23.3 33.9 43.9 115.5 72.9

Rs.20,000 - 50,000 41.1 41.7 41.3 31.6 39.7 35.2 24.1

Rs. 50,000 -1,00,000 12.7 14.1 22.2 26.1 13.1 36.7 2.5

>Rs. 1,00,000 2 3.4 13.2 8.4 3.3 12.5 0.6

7

Annual Income

Sources

Agriculture 17.8 31.2 29.7 20.2 16.4 29.5 25.4

Labour 17.9 16.5 10 15.4 12 19.3 16.1

Trade 7.5 12.9 24.8 15.3 11.2 13 24.6

8 MGNREGS

9

%households

involved 14 22.7 15.2 35.4 25.6 54.6 15.7

10 Beneficiaries by

Ration Card Type

BPL 13 17 22 37 26 52 15

Antyodaya 26 10 22 35 36 77 18

APL 11 11 28 27 19 59 16

11

Utilization of

Subsidy Schemes

11a

Households

Utilizing 0.4 2.28 2.85 4.52 0.4 4.2 1.4

11b Category wise

SC 0 4 3 6 1 5 4

ST 0.3 1 4 5 0.2 2 0

BC 1 5 4 5 0 4 1

Others 0.3 1 2 3 0 5 0.3

12

Households dependent exclusively on Agriculture 10 23 23 15 14 5 18

13

Having own Land % 46.1 61.7 63.6 51.6 59.8 67.7 63.3

14

Milk Yield per milch animal (Ltrs/Yr)* 97 115 117 273 127 274 83

• computed based on average figures

122

Key Observations of the study;

The key observations arrived from the data analysis are;

i. Most of the farmers do not have water harvesting structures in their land to

conserve rain water, which is essential for improving farm productivity.

ii. Only a few households have permanent house structures, with a higher percentage

of households residing in temporary/semi-permanent structures.

iii. In most of the sub-watershed areas, the households rely on firewood and other

fuels for their cooking needs, thus impacting the ecology adversely.

iv. Since there are no toilet facilities either at the household or community level, there

is a possibility for the spread of contagious diseases from open defecation.

v. Most of the households do not give importance to nutritious food and, therefore,

give least priority for expenditure on food.

vi. In the sub watershed areas, more farmers depend on traditional agricultural

equipment & practices, and prefer organic pesticides to chemical pesticides, which

is a positive and encouraging trend in the agricultural practices. However, one of

the disturbing trends is that the farmers are more dependent on hybrid seeds than

using indigenous ones, and, if this trend continues, there is every possibility of the

latter becoming extinct.

vii. In most of the sub-watershed areas, the households depend more on micro finance

institutions and money-lenders for borrowing. Since the rate of interest charged is

high, it leads to distress sale of assets.

viii. Most of the household income is spent on non-productive purposes like marriages

and festivals and they give less priority to child education, food consumption, etc.

ix. The benefits from the Government of India’s flagship poverty alleviation

programme, Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme

(MGNREGS), which seeks to create income-generating assets at the local level

through community involvement, rarely manage to reach the target groups.

x. Most of the marginalized households interviewed were not often aware of the

existence of the various government-initiated poverty alleviation programmes /

123

schemes and the SC/ST households have not benefitted much from such

initiatives.

xi. The cattle population appears to be on a declining trend, this can mostly be

attributed to severe drought conditions which affect the project districts almost

every year. Due to this, milk production is less compared to the state average.

xii. Due to lack of proper rainwater management structures, the agricultural output is

way below the state average, if properly augmented, there can be multiple crops

grown in the same land as also for more than one season to increase production.

KWDP-II (SUJALA-III) - View;

After reviewing the above mentioned observations drawn based on the data generated,

it is made clear that, in the KWDP-II project implementation plan (PIP) would be

addressing majority of them with appropriate interventions as a convergence model,

involving concerned line departments, MGNREGA, IWMP and PRIs. Therefore, the

proposed project indicators would be enough to indicate the expected out comes of the

project implementation.

5.2 Social Assessment Study:

Objectives;

Main objectives considered for the Social Assessment study are:

• To carry out a socio-economic, cultural and political/institutional analysis to

identify potential social impacts of the proposed development of the project;

• To identify principal stakeholders, carry out consultations that are well documented

and develop institutional framework for transparent and participatory

implementation;

• Screen the proposed investment and assess whether there will be any adverse social

impacts and to determine the applicability of policies relating to involuntary

resettlement and Indigenous Peoples policies, and,

• To ensure that results of the SA provide inputs for participatory implementation.

124

Social assessment (SA) in the seven project districts ensures that development

initiatives contribute to inclusive development and poverty reduction. It is an approach

for incorporating social analyses and participatory processes into project design and

implementation. SA helps to make the project responsive to social development

concerns including seeking to enhance benefits for the poor and vulnerable people

while minimizing or mitigating risks and adverse impacts.

The following tasks were undertaken during Social Assessment

Beneficiary Assessment; Stakeholder Analysis; Impact Assessments; Safeguards

Analysis; Risks Analysis; Designing Participatory Framework; Human and Institutional

Development; Monitoring and Evaluation; Scope for Financial Participation by

Beneficiaries; Assessing the Legislative and Regulatory Considerations.

The findings of the assessment are as given below;

• Boundary issues are likely to crop up while implementing private land

development activities such as bunding and plantations.

• Convergence evokes mixed reaction from stakeholders. Therefore a detailed

convergence policy is needed (under preparation).

• The issue of what is the right or desirable mix of common land treatment and

private land treatment in a given location needs to be addressed.

• Due to high fluoride content in groundwater, people in several watershed locations

of Yadgir, Koppal, Gadag and Gulbarga districts suffer from dental and skeletal

fluorosis. They expect that watershed development activities would mitigate the

incidence.

KWDP-II (SUJALA-III)’s Views;

The findings of the Social Assessment study reveal that the overall impacts would be

positive but issues related to equity need closer attention.

As per the report, the Social Assessment enquiry has identified the following points as

key social development issues/ principles which should underpin the project’s strategy

and implementation, accordingly following steps are considered for implementation

under project implementation plan(PIP);

i) Participation and inclusion is the central point in the design of the project.

125

ii) The IWMP of WDD aims to assist for mobilizing individuals and institutions

at different levels: from community to state level;

iii) Project would be implemented on Integration and Convergence policy design

to protect the interest of all the project stakeholders while developing the

Watershed Project area on a science based plat form.

iv) Sector related institutions would be strengthened, or if necessary established,

at different levels with explicit capacity, composition and a definite mandate,

with strong emphasis on accountability and service delivery performance;

v) An Information, Education and Communication (IEC) campaign would be

implemented by: publicizing the project rules for open engagement of

partners; establishing a communication platform; and an easily accessible

digital library.

Therefore no Social Safeguard Policies are triggered for the focused action. Further,

• Given the shift in project design from an investment to technical assistance focus,

the investments no longer have any direct bearing on the Bank's Social Safeguard

Policies - Resettlement and Lands.

• No lands are to be acquired for any of the proposed activities, nor any impacts on

the tribals expected.

• However, some risks are possible for example in convergence activities, which

involve new processes, and direct engagement with political bodies. These would

be addressed by providing for participation by Panchayat Raj Institutes (PRIs),

their capacity building, and establishment of a grievance process to address any

disputes.

126

5.3 Environmental Assessment –EMF Report:

Environmental Assessment and Management Frame work (EMF):

Environmental Management Frame Work (EMF) mainly comprises the following

tasks;

• Understanding the project area with respect to the Environmental Situations

existing;

• Analysis of the existing Environmental Situations and Identifying the sensitive

areas which needs attention under the prevailing legal frame work;

• Understanding expected Positive and Negative Impacts due to intervention of

several activities under different components;

• Assigning responsibilities to different stakeholders/Project players for Enhancing

Positive impacts and Mitigation of Negative impacts for assuring safety through

the safeguard measures to the society and the delicate environment.

• Developing and Implementation of Capacity Building Activities to the project

stakeholders/Project players at different levels for Environmental Management.

Objectives;

The specific objectives of the EMF are;

a) To provide a systematic approach for identifying various possible environmental

impacts at different stages of the project cycle,

b) To identify appropriate mitigation measures against the identified environmental

impacts and

c) To devise an institutional arrangement for mainstreaming environmental

management into the project implementation processes.

127

Introduction

Over view of the KWDP-II (Sujala-III) reveals that the project design does not result in

any adverse environmental impacts and leads to enhancement of positive

environmental impacts. KWDP-I of GOK has prepared a detailed EMF and

implemented the model. However, the study agency has provided the Environmental

Assessment Report of the proposed project districts and the EMF has been prepared

based on a detailed; a) Environmental Assessment, b) Stakeholder Consultations and c)

Baseline Assessment.

Review:

Review of available literature, visiting the project area and consulting the respective

DWDO and other line departments to establish the baseline conditions in terms of

physical and biological environment conditions in the proposed project area is done.

Data on key parameters such as hydrological conditions of the watershed, status of

natural resource management, land use pattern within the watershed, etc. are collected.

Based on the information collected the environmental impacts, positive and negative,

on account of the project are identified.

Project stakeholders Consultation:

The project stakeholder’s consultations were held to delineate the appropriate

boundaries of the environmental assessment and to screen potential adverse

environmental issues. Feedback on the expected environmental issues related to the

project impacts and suggested mitigation measures was also received.

Study data Analysis

The important environmental issues identified:

Through stakeholder consultations in the project districts following summarized

environmental issues are identified and listed below.

128

Parameter Area Situation

• Land Related

• Forest cover

• Depleting Natural Resource Base

• Poor vegetation in forests

• Degradation of forests due to anthropogenic activities

• Land Degradation

• Soils Related

• Soil fertility

• Siltation of tanks

• Soil Erosion

• Low water holding capacity of soils

• High to moderate erodability of soil

• Water Related

• Groundwater levels

• Water Availability

• Erratic and low rainfall

• Small and non perennial streams

• Water Quality

• Inadequate Sanitation

• Livestock

Related

• Fodder

• Fuel wood

(report not given details)

By knowing the expected Positive and Negative environmental Impacts due to project

interventions under different components; Review and evaluation of the KWDP-II

components was done from the point of view of the World Bank’s Safeguard policies

for identification of potential environmental issues in terms of their nature, magnitude,

extent and location, and timing and duration.

Table: The World Bank Safeguard Policies, Key Features and their Applicability.

Policy Key Features Applicability to this project

OP/BP 4.01

Environment

al Assessment

Potential environmental consequences of

projects identified early in project cycle.

EAs and mitigation plans required for

projects with significant environmental

impacts or involuntary resettlement.

EAs should include analysis of alternative

designs and sites, or consideration of "no

option"

Requires public participation and

information disclosure before Board

approval.

Applicable.

To identify any potential

impacts and proposed

mitigation/ enhancement

measures to address likely

impacts.

OP/BP 4.04

Natural

Habitats

Prohibits financing of projects involving

"significant conversion of natural habitats

unless there are no feasible alternatives".

Requires environmental cost benefit

Not Applicable.

The schemes to be taken up

under the project would not

convert or degrade natural

129


analysis.

Requires EA with mitigation measures.

habitats.

However, assessment

procedures and mitigation

measures have been put into

place through the EMF so that

any likely negative impacts on

the natural environment are

minimized.

OP/BP 4.36

Forestry

Prohibits financing for commercial

logging operations or acquisition of

equipment for use in primary moist

tropical forests.

Not Applicable. Proposed

investments do not have any

impact on forest habitats under

the project areas.

OP 4.09 Pest

Management

Supports environmentally sound pest

management, including integrated pest

management, but does not prohibit the use

of highly hazardous pesticides.

Pest management is the borrower's

responsibility in the context of a project's

EA.

Not Applicable.

Project is not financing

procurement of any pesticides.

OP/BP 4.12

Involuntary

Resettlement

Implemented in projects which displace

people.

Requires public participation in

resettlement planning as part of EA for

project.

Intended to restore or improve income

earning capacity of displaced populations.

Not Applicable.

OP/BP 4.20

Indigenous

Peoples

Purpose is to ensure indigenous peoples

benefit from Bank financed development

and to avoid or mitigate adverse affects

on indigenous peoples.

Applies to projects that might adversely

affect indigenous peoples or when they

are targeted beneficiaries.

Requires participation of indigenous

peoples in creation of “indigenous

peoples development plans”.

Not Applicable.

130


OP/BP 4.11

Physical

Cultural

Resources

Purpose is to assist in the preservation of

cultural property, such as sites having

archeological, paleontological, historical,

religious and unique cultural values.

Generally seeks to assist in their

preservation and avoid their elimination.

Discourages financing of projects that

will damage cultural property.

Not Applicable.

OP/BP 4.37

Safety of

Dams

Applies to large dams (15 meters or more

in height).

Requires review by independent experts

throughout project cycle.

Requires preparation of EA and detailed

plans for construction and operation, and

periodic inspection by the Bank.

Not Applicable.

OP/BP 7.50

Projects on

International

Waterways

Covers riparian waterways that form

boundary between two or more states, as

well as any bay, gulf, strait or channel

bordered by two or more states.

Applies to dams, irrigation, flood control,

navigation, water, sewage and industrial

projects.

Requires notification, agreement between

states, detailed maps, and feasibility

surveys.

Not Applicable.

OP/BP 7.60

Projects in

Disputed

Areas

Applies to projects where there are

territorial disputes present.

Allows Bank to proceed if governments

agree to go forward without prejudice to

claims.

Requires early identification of territorial

disputes and descriptions in all Bank

documentation.

Not Applicable.

131

Note: Other World Bank Policies important to Environmental Concerns is the BP

17.50. This policy deals with Disclosure of Operational Information. The Bank’s Policy

on Disclosure of Information, has been incorporated in the project implementation plan.

As part of disclosure plan, the Project would disclose the final environmental

assessment report on its website and at the district headquarters, where the project is to

be implemented. An executive summary of the environmental assessment would be

prepared and translated in the local language and disclosed.

Mitigation measures:

Identified adverse environmental impacts were screened for designing mitigation

measures and included in the Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan

(EMMP). Project will be implemented in accordance with the EMF in a manner

satisfactory to the (IDA) Association; including, the mitigation measures set forth

therein, in a manner satisfactory to the Association; and by

• Ensuring that the environmental performance indicators contained in the EMF are

updated and monitored regularly, in agreement with the Association.

• Environment Management Framework highlighting project activities, impacts,

and mitigation measures with responsibilities, details would be communicated

with a circular for implementation by the PIA-WDD.

Management Arrangements:

In view of the above situation, in order to implement the KWDP-II (SUJALA-III)

efficiently and to facilitate the end users to be more responsible and responsive, aiming

at achieving the watershed development objectives in long run, the project would

contract an Environmental Management and Policy Research consultant who will assist

the PIA - WDD to oversee the implementation of the EMF

Risk and Mitigation:

The project is not financing any on the ground investments, such as, water and soil

conservation works, constructing check dams, erosion prevention structures etc. This

minimizes the risks, if any, emanating from Bank’s investments.

132

• Project is supporting institutional capacities, use of new and innovative

technology for watershed planning and training and capacity building of

stakeholders on science and research based findings.

• The Project’s objective is to improve integration of programs, strengthened

institutions related to rainfed agriculture, and a stronger science-based approach

supported by new innovations, knowledge and technologies that result in

increased productivity of natural resources and incomes for communities in

selected watersheds.

KWDP-II (SUJALA-III)’s Views:

Consequent to the project implementation no potential large scale, significant and/or

irreversible impacts are anticipated. However, the key environmental challenges that

the project addresses are:

(i) Optimal utilization of hydrological resources through improved planning and

collection of hydrological data; and

(ii) Arrest decline of groundwater and reduce soil erosion.

In order to face the possible challenges effectively, at the district level the DWDO will

be overall in charge for the implementation of EMF. DWDO would coordinate with the

Environmental Consultant and take appropriate actions to implement provisions of the

EMF. At the Taluk level the Agricultural Officer/ADA would be in charge of the

implementation of the EMF. These, project players would be suitably capacitated with

Workshops/Trainings.

Under Environmental Management Frame work (EMF), the project plan has an

approach with measures to enhance the potential positive environmental impacts that

the project investments would result in. As part of the project design, new decision-

support tools would be developed and piloted to improve selection of priority

watershed sites that combine biophysical, hydrological, socio-economic, and

environmental criteria. Deployment of such tools is likely to facilitate sustainable

utilisation of natural resources, accurate investment plans to improve the natural

resource base.

133

The Detailed Project Report (DPR) prepared as a part of Watershed Assessment and

consequent planning process would be screened and scanned by the WDT before it is

submitted for approval of the District Level Committee (DLC).

Training and Capacity Building under EMF and Social Framework;

The objectives of the capacity building initiatives are:

• To build and strengthen the capability of Watershed development institutions and

other partners (NGOs) to integrate sound environmental management into

watershed implementation.

• To orient the watershed development staff, participating institutions at watershed

level and communities to the requirements of the project’s environmental

management framework.

Past experience of Sujala-I and with the implementing experience of ongoing IWMP-

Batch-1 & 2, the district and taluk level implementing agencies have clearly gained

awareness, skills and experience regarding the environmental aspects of watershed

planning and implementation. However, in the new project area project stakeholders

have to be trained in a systematic way to build their capacity to safe guard the

Environment. Appropriate Modules will be developed under safeguards as detailed

below. After assessing the Environmental Management Frame work report and the

baseline as well as The Social Assessment study reports the WDD proposes the

following comprehensive capacity building arrangements to address the various Social

and Environmental issues.

Details of Training Programs to be considered during the project period;

i) providing for participation by PRIs through SWS and MWS level institutional platforms

ii) capacity building of PRIs and securing participation in planning and implementation

iii) establishment of Right of Grievance (RoG) to address issues arising at the MWS &

disputes (if any) across different levels.

3. Planning & Designing interventions

4. New approaches and tools for integrated planning,

5. Watershed management and Hydrology and links with land-use decisions to promote

rationale for more NREGS convergence with spatial Targeting

6. Environmental Awareness Management and Monitoring

134

Developing community monitoring training modules for WDT, CBOs and GPs

Developing training modules in Hydrological assessment

Developing Capacity Building Manuals on technology transfer for Extension Agents

Capacity building on usage and utility of LRI for planning and interpretation for WDT.

Workshops, trainings and seminars on usage and utility of DL for planning and interpretation

for WDT and local watershed institutions including GP and RSK's and line department staff

(insitu/SATCOM)

Training on Geo-informatics (GIS) (Landscape Technology -Latest development )

Capacity Building for Project staff on Use of Land resources portal

Additional training and Technical support for hydrology and stakeholder facilitation.

Approach

Systematic capacity building initiatives are planned after the training needs assessment.

The training would be of Top-Down-cascade mode. All the trained staff and others will

in turn conduct further trainings at district, taluk and village levels. However, since

capacity building goes beyond mere imparting training, institutionalization of best

practices becomes a prerequisite for improved watershed management. Therefore,

Capacity building for environmental management will be integrated with overall

capacity building component of the project. Further the Masons, skilled labour, etc.,

and workforce involved in the project will also be trained.

Institutions for Training:

In view of the specialized training and capacity building envisaged under the EMF of

the project, it is necessary to identify nodal training institutes that will closely work

with capacity building wing of WDD for conceptualizing, designing, conducting and

managing training programs on the EMF. Some such specialized institutions are:

• Environmental Management Policy and Research Institute.

• Karnataka RajyaVijnana Parishat, Indian Institute of Science.

• Engineering Staff College of India.

• Selected Staff of Forest Department.

• Selected Staff of Watershed Development Department.

• Other Identified Consultants.

135

Participants: Key officials of the project including TWDT, DWDT, as well as State

Level Environmental Experts and District Resource Persons. DWDO of the district will

be responsible for selection of suitable candidates for the training, and the expense will

be borne by the overall project capacity building budget.

Schedule: The training will include an initial orientation workshop, a main and annual

refresher training workshops on environmental assessment. The main and refresher

training programs will be for duration of 2-3 days each, whereas the initial orientation

workshop will be of one day duration. 10 Training programs will be conducted during

the first year and 5 refresher programs per year will be conducted for the next 4 years.

This will total to 30 programs.

Usage:

This EMF is prepared for implementation by the WDD in the project area in order to

overcome the anticipated adverse impacts of all the direct and indirectly linked

infrastructure related activities and prepare enhancement and mitigation measures for

implementation. Therefore, the PIA would make good use of this EMF and the good

practice guidance note to identify key Environmental issues, as well as plan and

implement mitigation and enhancement measures, as and where applicable.

New Legal Requirements & Updation

As and when required, PIA-WDD would update the EMF on any new legal

requirements – modification of existing legislation or introduction of new legislation –

as and when they are announced or made applicable. PIA-WDD would also ensure that

the design, implementation and operation of all its sub-projects are in line with the new

legal requirements.

In particular, PIA-WDD would update the chapter on legal requirements as and when

required.

Comprehensive EMF Review:

PIA-WDD would undertake one thorough / comprehensive review of the EMF during

the project period. Based on the review, the EMF would be updated if necessary. WDD

would undertake this review and revision prior to Sujala-III’s mid-term review by the

World Bank.

136

Supervision and Monitoring Plan:

The following provisions are considered and the arrangements would be made for the

effective implementation of the EMF with Supervision and Monitoring Plan:

Environmental supervision:

A sample of 10% of the completed schemes will be visited at six monthly intervals by

the WDT to check if all safeguard requirements are met and to identify any issues that

need to be addressed. The selected sample will have representation of both Phase- I and

Phase-II project area. However, internal environmental monitoring will be done as part

of the regular monitoring by the WDD.

Monitoring of Relevant Environmental Parameters

The M&E process to be initiated in by the project will also monitor and prepare a

report of the environmental situation in the project districts including data and analysis

of relevant parameters such as rainfall, depth to water levels, status of groundwater

basins, soil erosion, etc., as well as a listing of relevant new legislation and regulations

that have a bearing on the environmental performance of the project. The EMF will be

suitably revised annually on the basis of situation and data availability.

Environmental Audit

Twice during the project period; mid-term and end-term; the WDD will appoint an

external agency to undertake an independent audit of the environmental performance of

the project. 5% of the completed micro watersheds will be covered in the audit having

representation of both Phase- I and Phase-II project area.

137

6.0 RIGHT TO INFORMATION (RTI)

Karnataka State has promulgated RTI Act 2005 (Central Act No.22 of 2005).

Provisions of the Act provide that every office of the government should operationalize

a Right to Information Cell to cater to information needs of public at large.

Applications received shall be registered immediately and the information is furnished

to the applicant within maximum time limit of 30 days. At the state level, Information

Commission will oversee the RTI process.

The Act prescribes for Public Information Officer (PIO), Assistant Public Information

Officer (APIO) and Appellate Authority (AA). Watershed Development Department

(WDD) has designated the public information officers at State, District and Taluka

level. The WDD has also published Citizen Charter as provided under the RTI Act in its

official Website www.watershed.kar.nic.in.

Following is the schematic diagram of RTI structure in WDD.

RTI STRUCTURE OF WDD

STATE LEVEL DISTRICT LEVEL TALUK LEVEL

Appellate Authority (AA)

CommissionerCommissionerCommissionerCommissioner

Public Informaiton Officer

(PIO)

Asst. Director of Agril./Asst. Asst. Director of Agril./Asst. Asst. Director of Agril./Asst. Asst. Director of Agril./Asst.

Conservator of Conservator of Conservator of Conservator of

Forests/Asst.Director of Forests/Asst.Director of Forests/Asst.Director of Forests/Asst.Director of

HorticultureHorticultureHorticultureHorticulture

Public Informaiton Officer (PIO)

Dist. Watershed Development Dist. Watershed Development Dist. Watershed Development Dist. Watershed Development

OfficerOfficerOfficerOfficer

Public Informaiton Officer

(PIO)

DirectorDirectorDirectorDirector


DirectorDirectorDirectorDirector


Dist. Watershed Development Dist. Watershed Development Dist. Watershed Development Dist. Watershed Development

OfficerOfficerOfficerOfficer

Asst. Public Information Officer

(APIO)

Addl. Director (Admin)Addl. Director (Admin)Addl. Director (Admin)Addl. Director (Admin)


(APIO)

Technical AssistantTechnical AssistantTechnical AssistantTechnical Assistant @ DWDO’s @ DWDO’s @ DWDO’s @ DWDO’s

OfficeOfficeOfficeOffice


(APIO)

Taluka Agriculture Taluka Agriculture Taluka Agriculture Taluka Agriculture

Officer/Range Forest Officer/ Officer/Range Forest Officer/ Officer/Range Forest Officer/ Officer/Range Forest Officer/

Asst. Horticulture OfficerAsst. Horticulture OfficerAsst. Horticulture OfficerAsst. Horticulture Officer

138

The project adopts pro-active step to publicize the various aspects of the project through

project website & extensively use the ITC tools and media to provide information to the

stakeholders and the public at large. The RTI process diagram is furnished herewith.

139

6.1 RTI Process Diagram

PIO to notify in writing –

additional fees to be paid, if

any (No fees for BPL)

RTI Application

Information to

application –

within 30 days

APIO/PIO Appeal with

appellate authority

(AA) under sec 18

Information not

available – PIO must

send return notice

to applicant

PIO rejects application.

Sends decision notice

including details of appeal

rights

IC reviews documents, PIO

to justify non disclosure.

Interventions

are successful

Identify the APIO / PIO -as

information officers

PIO - 30 days to

approve or reject

application

Application is accepted Application is rejected

AA to dispose of appeal

within 30 – 45 days

AA accepts appeal –

information to be

provided as soon as

possible

AA rejects appeal – written notice to be

given including right to appeal to

central or state Information

Commissioner (IC)

140

6.2 GRIEVANCES REDRESSAL

Karnataka government has adopted a policy to speedily and effectively address

public grievances, G.O.No. DPAR 21 AMC 83, dt. 1.7.1983 prescribed modalities.

A dedicated Public Grievances cell is constituted at the government level for

addressing the grievances of the public at the earliest. This cell is under the control

of DPAR. On receipt of the grievances, the concerned departments will make

investigations. The action taken will be intimated to the applicant. Deputy

Commissioner in districts through respective district departments are responsible

for investigating and taking remedial actions on the grievances at the district level.

The applications will be received at multiple levels (HO/District/Government). The

applications / grievances received at state level will be sent to the concerned

district DWDO offices to get it investigated. The action taken will be centrally

monitored at state level.

All the application / grievance received will be investigated at the district by

respective DWDO. The compliance is reported through the Deputy Commissioner

and also head of the department (Commissioner, WDD) to the state grievance

redressed cell in DPAR with in 10th of every month.

Monthly grievance redressal progress report will be complied at district level &

rendered to the Deputy Commissioner as well as commissioner WDD. The

Commissioner WDD will also compile state level WDD progress report & submit

to the DPAR Cell. Additional Director (Admin) in WDD will be responsible for

this process.

Pending applications if any at the end of each month will be monitored and suitable

action initiated in the following months. The above mechanism will be followed

for grievances redressal under the project.

The grievances redressal process in WDD is as below:

Application at state level Cell DPAR

District WDD

District Investigation

Action taken & Intimation to applicant

Report to Cell

through WDD

copy to DC

Application at

District Level

141

In addition, the grievance redressal particulars will be posted on the Project

Website on monthly basis by 10th of each month. Additional Director (Admin) in

WDD will be responsible for this process.

142

Annexure - I

Agro Climate Zone Characteristics of Project Districts

Sl.

No

District Agro Climatic

Zone

Average

Rain fall

(mm)

Elevation

above

M.S.L

(mt)

Soil type Water

Holding

Capacity

1. Bidar North eastern transitional zone

868 715 Shallow to medium black clay soils, Red lateritic soils.

10cm in medium black soil, 18-20cm in Red lateritic soils

2. Gulbarga Zone-1 Northeastern transition zone, Zone-2 Northeastern dry zone

789 300-750 Shallow to medium clay soil, Clay loamy

10cm in medium black soil, 7cm in shallow soils

3. Yadagir Zone-2 Northeastern dry zone

666.133 369 Medium to deep black soils

20cm in deep black soils, 10cm in medium black soils

4. Gadag Central dry zone-03

631 655 Black red sandy loam

20cm in black soils, 6cm in red loamy soils

5. Koppal Northern dry zone

704.5 500 Red soils 14-20cm

6. Chamarajanagar Southern dry zone

751 3200 feet Red loamy black soils

14-20cm

7. Davanagere Central dry zone-4, Northern dry zone-3. Southern transitional zone-7

656 602 Black, Red sandy loam

14-20cm 10-15cm

143

Annexure - II

Particulars of IWMP Watersheds proposed

Sl

No

District Taluk No of

Projects

No. Of

Gram

Panchayats

No, of

MWS

Project Area

Proposed

for

treatment

(ha)

Batch 4 IWMP Projects

1 Bidar 3 3 11 26 15750.5

2 Chamrajnagar 2 2 6 23 11267.43

3 Davanagere 3 3 11 29 15390.52

4 Gadag 4 4 15 58 20005

5 Gulburga 5 5 14 48 25010.2

6 Koppal 3 3 10 30 14512

7 Yadgir 2 2 6 19 10565.66

Total 22 22 73 233 112501.31


1 Bidar 2 2 9 19 10015

2 Chamrajnagar 2 2 8 23 10090

3 Davanagere 2 2 7 18 10557.72

4 Gadag 4 4 13 56 20539.94

5 Gulburga 6 6 23 55 29479.55

6 Koppal 1 1 5 10 4990

7 Yadgir 2 2 6 20 10486.88

Total 19 19 71 201 96159.09


1 Bidar 3 3 8 19 12000

2 Chamrajnagar 4 4 12 40 19229

3 Davanagere 2 2 8 26 10000

4 Gadag 2 2 9 21 9918.43

5 Gulburga 5 5 16 37 20800

6 Koppal 2 2 6 27 10000

144

7 Yadgir 2 2 7 21 9735

Total 20 20 66 191 91682.43

Batch V of CGIAR Districts

1 Bijapur 5 5 18 42 27187.6

2 Chikkamagalur 1 1 11 14 5055.11

3 Raichur 1 1 3 14 5000

4 Tumkur 6 6 27 82 31285.12

Total 13 13 59 152 68527.83

Batch VI of CGIAR Districts

1 Bijapur 5 5 13 31 18000

2 Chikkamagalur 3 3 15 28 17308.78

3 Raichur 4 4 8 29 16577

4 Tumkur 5 5 22 66 26197.1

Total 17 17 58 154 78082.88

Grand Total 931 446953.54

145

Annexure - III

Particulars of IWMP Watersheds proposed (Abstract)

Sl No District Batch

IV

Batch

V

Batch

VI Total

Batch 4, 5, 6 IWMP Projects

1 Bidar 26 19 19 64

2 Chamrajnagar 23 23 40 86

3 Davanagere 29 18 26 73

4 Gadag 58 56 21 135

5 Gulburga 48 55 37 140

6 Koppal 30 10 27 67

7 Yadgir 19 20 21 60

Total 233 201 191 625

Additional CGIAR districts

1 Bijapur 42 31 73

2 Chikkamagalur 14 28 42

3 Raichur 14 29 43

4 Tumkur 82 66 148

Total 152 154 306

Grand Total 353 345 931

146

Annexure - IV

Need for Land Resource Inventory

Karnataka is the eighth largest state in India with an area of 19.17 M ha. It is endowed with

varied climate, fauna and flora, soils, forests, bounty of minerals and many rivers. These

resources enriching the social fabric of the state need to be conserved, protected and

improved. But of late the limited cultivable land area of about 12 M ha in the state is under

severe strain due to population pressure and competing demands of various land uses.

According to various agency reports

♦ Land degradation has affected an area of about 7.7 M ha (40 % of the TGA)

♦ Wastelands occur in about 2. 0 M ha (11 % of TGA)

♦ Over-exploitation of groundwater and consequent drying up of borewells in all districts.

♦ Significant shift in the land-use pattern and diversion of prime lands to non-agricultural

uses

♦ Declining productivity reported for most of the crops in both rainfed and irrigated

agriculture.

♦ Salinity alkalinity has affected about 10 per cent of the total irrigated lands

It is obvious that the neglect and deterioration of the land resources and consequent decline in

the productivity is continuing without much effective intervention in the state. The situation

is expected to worsen in the future and warrants urgent correction. This requires situation

analysis and assessment to come out with remedial solutions.

The challenge is not only to increase the productivity per unit area, which is steadily

declining and showing a fatigue syndrome, but also to prevent or at least reduce the severity

of the degradation, which has reached alarming proportions. The situation needs immediate

attention of all the stakeholders, from policy makers to farmers, particularly involved in the

management of vast stretches of rainfed areas in the state. The root cause for the degradation,

neglect and irrational use of land resources lies at the grassroots or farm level.

In the above background any initiative to address these issues should also rightly start at the

farm/village/watershed level only. This needs detailed farm/cadastral level information on

soil, water, land use and other resources. Land Resource Inventorisation (Modern Soil

Survey) on large scale provides the information required for planning, executing and

monitoring of all land-based activities at the farm or watershed level in the state.

147

.

Formation of gullies in black soils of Northern Karnataka

Before commencing the Land Resource Inventory at watershed level stakeholder workshops

and education process will be organised as part of PRA by the IWMP, NGOs and WDT with

active collaboration of various CBOs to be constituted by the IWMP NGOs. Suitable audio-

visual aids will be developed by the NBSS&LUP for this purpose.

148

Annexure – V

Sequence of activities involved in the execution of Land Resource Inventory in

watershed areas

The sequence of activities involved in the generation of detailed cadastral level database in

each of the watersheds identified in the state are indicated below.

National Bureau of Soil Survey & Land Use Planning, Regional Centre, Bangalore

Land resources inventory at

watershed level

� Traversing the watershed using

cadastral maps and imagery

as base

� Identifying landforms, geology, land

use and other features

� Selecting fields representing land

units

� Opening profiles to 2 m depth

� Studying soil and site characteristics

� Grouping similar areas based on their

soil-site characteristics into

management units

� Procurement of geo-referenced cadastral maps for all the 930 micro watersheds. If the

geo-referenced base is not readily available for the project area, then the available

cadastral maps will be scanned, digitized and georeferenced before they are used for

field work.

� Satellite imageries (Cartosat Pan and LISS IV-Ortho) will be procured for all the

watersheds and used for

• Identifying and correcting the boundaries of watersheds

• Identifying delineate major landforms and locating water bodies and major

structures

• Marking habitations and permanent features of the area.

• Identifying geological formations and vegetative cover.

149

� Generation of base maps for survey of the watershed by transferring boundaries

identified from the imagery on to the cadastral maps.

A typical geo-referenced cadastral base overlaid on imagery and used for land resource

inventory

� Organisation of orientation training programme for field, laboratory and others

involved in the project. Since the various Institutions, Departments and Personnel

involved in the project are from different backgrounds, an orientation programme

is necessary at the beginning of the project to explain the objectives, methodology,

expected outputs and its impact on the user agencies.

� Traversing the watershed area to check the geological formations, rock types and

lineaments, landform delineations and land use and updating the habitations and

other permanent features

� Field investigations: Selection of transects representing all the landforms and units,

� site selection for profile study and recording of the following soil and site

characteristics on a standard proforma (Pedon description form)

a) Site characteristics viz., slope, erosion, drainage, rocks.

b) Soil characteristics- texture, depth, colour, rock fragments, structure,

redoximorphic features, porosity, etc.

150

Morphology of a typical red soil profile

The required site and soil characteristics are described and recorded on a standard proforma

by following the protocols and guidelines given in the Soil Survey Manual and Field Guide

151

152

153

Collection of soil samples from representative pedons for laboratory characterization and

collection of surface soil samples from selected fields covering most of the management units

for macro- and micro-nutrient analysis.

� Finalisation of soil map: Grouping parcels or survey numbers having similar soil-site

characteristics into management units and showing their distribution on the cadastral

map, as indicated below.

Map showing the distribution of Management units at village/watershed level.

154

This segregation of survey numbers based on site and soil characteristics into

homogenous units enables participatory watershed planning process to develop

conservation and land use plans on a scientific basis.

� Geological survey as well as hydrogeological surveys will be undertaken to

producelineament maps as well as areas under safe, grey and dark zones with rergard

to groundwater exploitation for selecting appropriate conservation and management

strategies that would bring sustainability in groundwater use.

� Socio-economic survey will be conducted through a questionnaire and the required

data will be collected from farmers and other sections of the society in the village.

� Collection of climatic, land use and other land characteristics – Data on rainfall

and other climatic parameters, land use, crops grown at present and cropping pattern

practised, livestock population details, brads and disease occurrence and data on any

other land characteristics that influences the use of the land will be collected, mostly

along with the socio-economic survey. Only in some cases will survey be conducted

separately to collect the required data on the above parameters.

� Identification of constraints and potentials affecting the land use. The constraints

and potentials like soil erosion, slope, depth of the soil, coarse fragments, soil texture,

salinity and alkalinity, fertility etc will be delineated and shown separately, in the

form of single theme maps for the surveyed area or shown collectively as land

capability maps, indicating the general capability of the area for agriculture and

other purposes.

� Developing soil- site suitability criteria for crops and other land uses. This is very

important if the resources are to be assessed for specific land uses. The suitability

criteria cannot be evolved by any one specialist and the process needs a

multidisciplinary team. The criteria for specific land use is established from the

available information and data derived from the experimental results specific to the

selected land use.

� Evaluating the land for existing and promising land uses. This will be done by

following the guidelines and principles given by the Food and Agriculture

Organaisation (1976) to assess the land resources for specific kinds of land use.

� Identification of viable and sustainable land use types. The evaluation or

suitability assessment will show the suitability or otherwise of the various land uses

selected for the area. Based on the degree of suitability and prevailing economic

condition, the best and sustainable land use can be selected.

155

� Finalization of land resource and land suitability maps.

� Identification of Benchmark sites for monitoring.

� Organisation and integration of data in a GIS framework

� Finalisation and printing of maps and reports.

� Organisation of Workshops, field visits etc. to disseminate the results to the line

departments, NGO’s and other user agencies.

� Finalization of Development oriented Action Plan and monitoring.

The land suitability and capability maps help the watershed planners and users to choose

the appropriate conservation measures and best crop options

156

Annexure - VI

Tools, Equipment and facilities required for LRI:

i) For establishing/strengthening of the 4 Nodal centres (UAS(B), UAS(D), UAS(R)

UHS(B) & NBSS&LUP @ Rs.30.lacs/centre

ii) Laboratory Equipment: 5 Nodal centres (UAS(B), UAS(D), UAS(R), UHS(B) &

NBSS&LUP

Equipment UAS-B UAS-D UAS-R UHS-B NBSS

LUP Total

Pressure plate apparatus 1 1 1 1 1 5

Infiltrometer 2 2 2 2 2 10

Hydraulic conductivity

apparatus.

2 2 2 2 2 10

Porosity apparatus 2 2 2 2 2 10

Wet and dry sieving apparatus. 2 2 2 2 2 10

Compressor 1 1 1 1 1 5

Carbon Biomass estimation

facility

1 1 1 1 1 5

Atomic Absorption

Spectrometer (AAS).

1 1 1 1 1 5

Desktop Computers and

printers for data entry and

processing of lab.data (one

set/centre)

4+1 4+1 4+1 4+1 4+1 20+5

Digital Cameras 2 2 2 2 2 10

Video Camera 1 1 1 1 1 5

Laptop (Notebooks) computer. 2 2 2 2 2 10

Air conditioners , 1.5 tonne

capacity

2 2 2 2 2 10

Furnitures (Platforms, tables,

chairs etc).

5+5 5+5 5+5 5+5 5+5 25+25

157

iii) Field Equipments: For the 4 Nodal centres+ NBSS&LUP


LUP Total

Abney level (one/field

party+10 for the centres

6 6 6 6 6 30

Clinometer (one/field

party+10 for the centres

6 6 6 6 6 30

Distance calculator 6 6 6 6 6 30

Total station 1 1 1 1 2 6

Digital Altimeter 6 6 6 6 6 30

Compass 6 6 6 6 6 30

Core sampler for Bulk

Density.(one set is of 3 cores)

6 6 6 6 6 30

Portable pH & EC meter 5 5 5 5 5 25

Hand held pH & EC meter 5 5 5 5 5 25

Digging implements(pikaxe,

axe, Haare, spade, sickles,

fibre basket marking knife,

etc, 5 sets each/centre)

5 5 5 5 5 25

sets

Mechanised auger 2 2 2 2 2 10

Camping materials 5sets 5sets 5sets 5sets 5sets 25sets

Munsell Colour charts 6 6 6 6 6 30

Soil Survey Manual 10 10 10 10 10 50

Field Guide, supplied by

NBSS&LUP

20 20 20 20 20 100

Digital cameras 6 6 6 6 6 30

Hand held GPS 6 6 6 6 6 30

Differential GPS 1 1 1 1 1 5

Time Domain Reflectometers

(TDR) 1 per district+ IISC).

2 2 2 1 1 8

Automatic ground water level

monitor

5 5 5 5 5 25

158

iv) Geographical Information System- 4 Nodal centres (UAS(B), UAS(D), UAS(R)

UHS(B) & NBSS&LUP


LUP

Total

Computer-High end

Workstations

5 5 5 5 5 25

Computer-High end

desktops

5 5 5 5 5 25

Networking of

computers and generic

software (as per the

requirement for 5

centres)

One

package

One

package

One

package

One

package

One

package

5

packages

Scanner (A0) size . 1 1 1 1 1 5

Scanner – A3 size 1 1 1 1 1 5

Scanner – A4 size 1 1 1 1 1 5

Printer - A0 size 1 1 1 1 1 5

Printer- A3 size

(Laser)

1 1 1 1 1 5

Printer –A4 size

(Color).

1 1 1 1 1 5

Printer-A4 size

(Mono)

1 1 1 1 1 5

R2V software 2 2 2 2 2 10

GIS software-Arc GIS

(I desktop licence-

under educational

category with multi

user license)

3 3 3 3 3 15

Image Analysis

software (under

educational category

1 1 1 1 1 5

UPS-20KVA 1 1 1 1 1 5

Computer furniture as

required (tables

+chairs)

16 +10 16 +10 16 +10 16 +10 16 +10 5 sets

Air conditioning 2

tons each as per the

requirement

2 2 2 2 2 10

Xerox machine 1 1 1 1 1 1

Toposheet racks 2 2 2 2 2 10

159

v) Map Inputs

1. Cartosat 1 Digital and Photo product (Processed imagery Cartosat Pan+ LISS IV

ortho corrected) on 1: 10,000 scale for entire state.

Pan-7.5 min. x 7.5 min., 2.5 m resolution, the state is covered in about 1000

scenes

LISS 4-Pan-7.5 min. x 7.5 min., 5 m resolution, the state is covered in about 1000

scencs

2. Cartosat 1 Digital and Photo product (Processed imagery Cartosat+ LISS IV ortho

corrected) on 1: 10,000 scale for the 933 micro-watersheds and distributed to the

4 nodal centres for field work.

3. IRS IC/ID or IRS P6 Data (1: 50 000 scale) LISS III + PAN merged or LISS IV

data for the entire state-2 sets.

4. Aiwifs data for the state- 6 sets.

5. Toposheets (1: 250 000:35 x 10 sets), (1:50 000 :200 x 6 sets) and (1: 25 000X 1

set).

6. Cadastral maps (For each village approx. 8 sheets for 933 micro-watersheds).

7. Digitization and geo-referencing of the cadastral sheets @ 200/sheet for entire

state.

8. Geology and other maps: 5 sets, one set/centre

9. SAR images for soil moisture images for regular monitoring. 14 MWS for 12

months per year for 5 years, starting from the second year onwards

10. Cartosat 2, PAN+LISS IV data/Quickbird or any other high resolution imagery

for land use/land cover changes monitoring for 5 years, about 300 scenes/year

160

vi) Labour, Travel and Vehicle contingency (Rs in lakhs for three year period):

Items UAS-

B

UAS-

D

UAS-

R

UHS-

B

NBSS

LUP

Total

for 3

years

Labour for field work 20 20 20 20 20 100

Travel costs 15 15 15 15 30 90

DA 20 20 20 20 30 150

Vehicle

hiring/Contingency for

field work by field

parties

30 30 30 30 30 150

Vehicle

hiring/Contingency for

field review and

correlation

15 15 15 15 15 75

vii) Requirement of contractual staff: (GA: Graduate Assistant, SRF: Senior Research

Fellow, RA: Research Associate)

Activity GA/SRF/

RA

UAS-

B

UAS-

D

UAS-

R

UHS-

B

NBSS

LUP

Total Time of

requirement

Field survey

works *

GA 8 8 8 8 8 40 From the

beginning of

the project

SRF/RA/JRF 2 2 2 2 2 10

Socio-

economic

study

GA 2 2 2 2 2 10 From the

beginning of

the project

SRF/RA/JRF 2

Laboratory

analysis

GA 4 4 4 4 6 22 From the

beginning of

the project

SRF/RA/JRF 1 1 1 1 2 6

GIS works Computer

assistant

4 4 4 4 6 22 1 month from

DoS

SRF/RA 1 1 1 1 2 6

Consultants:

field works

Domain

experts

2 2 2 1 2 9 1 month from

DoS

Consultants:

GIS works

Domain

Experts

1 1 1 1 1 5 1 month from

DoS

Consultants:

Socio-

economic

Domain

experts

1 1 1 1 1 5 12 months from

DoS

Data entry Desktop

operators

2 2 2 2 2 2 10

* Field staff needs to be provided with rented houses during field survey period for

which an approximate Rs 12000/- per month per party for 8months a year needed.

161

viii) Requirement of stationery and computer consumables (Rs: lakhs) -

Material UAS-

B

UAS-

D

UAS-

R

UHS-

B

NBSS

LUP Total

Time of

requirement

Sample bags,

profile sheets,

papers,

notebooks, soil

hand books,

labels, markers

etc

4

lakhs

per

year

for 3

years

4

lakhs

per

year

for 3

years

4

lakhs

per

year

for 3

years

4

lakhs

per

year

for 3

years

4

lakhs

per

year

for 3

years

60

lakhs

From

beginning

Computer

consumable(ink

cartridges, CDs,

paper roles, etc)

5

lakhs

per

year

for 3

years

5

lakhs

per

year

for 3

years

5

lakhs

per

year

for 3

years

5

lakhs

per

year

for 3

years

5

lakhs

per

year

for 3

years

75

lakhs

From

beginning

ix) Training needs (Rs in lakhs)

Material UAS-

B

UAS-

D

UAS-

R

UHS-

B

NBSS

LUP Total Time of requirement

For field

&lab staff

3 3 3 3 8 20 Beginning of program

& at the beginning of

every field season

For WDD

& other

stake

holders

15 15 15 15 20 80

x) Seminars and workshops (Rs lakhs)

Material UAS-

B

UAS-

D

UAS-

R

UHS-

B

NBSS

LUP Total

Time of

requirement

Review

meetings/refresher

course

@3lakh/centre for

3 years

9 9 9 9 9 45 3 years

162

Annexure - VII


In the context of watershed management, DSS can be framed by coupling multiple data

layers (soils, surface and groundwater, crops, technology, market, farmers’ resources,

knowledge and skills, weather etc.) which can be seamlessly integrated to make most

scientific and practical decisions on problems in farming, and manage resources for

maximum benefit. The development of WMDSS would be done in three defined phases.

Phase I: Acquisition of Pre-requisites for development of WMDSS

A team of Consortium partners of the project will make an initial investigation and describe

the problem at hand, the resources available and the data issue. After rigorous inventory of

the needs and constraints, the team will identify DSS models to be developed as per the needs

of the end user interest from policy maker to the farmer.

• Inventory

• Identify the actors involved in the decision and explore the social context

• Understand the institutional and normative context

• Identify possible constraints

• Arouse user’s interest and initial commitment

• Identify and clearly communicate reasonable expectations

• Decide whether or not a DSS model may be useful for the purposes of the case

Phase II: Development of WMDSS tool

The System Requirement Specifications (SRS) will be drawn from the inventory report from

all the consortium partners. The workflows / protocols will be developed for programming

the DSS modules. State-of-the-art industrial standard developmental tools / programming

languages will be made use in all stages of SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) for

developing WMDSS tools and modules. Initially the tool will be developed on pilot basis;

after thorough testing the same will be scaled up to the requirement level. Individual modules

will be iteratively tested and output will be verified with the end user to know the potentiality

of the modules. In all the development stages of WMDSS, care will be taken to consider the

end user prospects.

• Involve end users in the DSS development throughout the process

• Define a clear strategy and work programme and include quality assurance

• Adopt tool to the user’s needs

• Assure flexibility and interoperability

163

Phase III: Implementation of WMDSS

Before operationalising WMDSS on a large scale, operational training on pilot basis will be

given to the resource persons and identified end users to make sure that the DSS shall be

made user-friendly. A rigorous extension activity will be made by the SAU’s and UHS for

transferring the technology and its benefits to the end users / stakeholders under their

jurisdiction.

• Provide coherent methodological framework in which the DSS tool should operate

• Provide effective documentation of the outputs / results that can be obtained

• Provide adequate documentation and support materials for using DSS

• Train users

• Exploit the full potential of the tool in supporting the whole process

• Provide the basis for maintenance and further development

• Adopt strategies for dissemination and technology transfer

• The web based WM-DSS should be capable of Integrating Spatial and Non-spatial

data and should fetch the result based on the query / search.

• The application should identify authorized users

• Display Maps and other data sets (Say Watershed boundary, Village boundaries with

census data, Land use map, soil map etc.)

• Allow users to select / assign parameters required for prioritization

• Show unified view of Land Use, Prioritized watershed and various other thematic

layers as selected by the user.

• Web page should have the provision to switch over to local languages like Kannada

and others as per the need of the region

• The application should be made accessible to unlimited number of users

concurrently over the Web/Internet/Intranet

• Facilitate Seamless flow of information and the data and capable of generating

Reports.

164

Annexure – VIII

Preparation of Net Plan and Detailed Project Report in IWMP

The project aims to demonstrate the viability of community based approach for improvement

of rainfed areas on watershed basis and economic improvement to asset-less and vulnerable

groups, where the department plays a facilitating role. The components of the project

envisage an active participation of the different community members living in the village.

With a view to strengthening and sustaining the participation of the community, the

programme provides for formation of Community Based Organizations (EC, UGs and SHGs)

execution of Entry Point Activities, Awareness generation programmes and Capacity

Building to different stakeholder groups.

Stepwise approach is designed to bring awareness among the community and to change their

mind set with respect to planning and implementation of works to develop their lands and

surroundings to re-establish the ecological balance so that the natural resources provide the

required goods and services on a continuing basis.

Step.1 Organizing awareness building programmes in the project area in a language that

will understood by the entire community using and dedicated NGOs experienced in

the field.

Step.2 As a second step, discussions will be held with the Local Institution (GP) members

as well as the community at large to identify any long-felt needs that require

immediate attention so as to benefit them. These activities/works are prioritized in

terms of benefits and undertaken by the WDT. This leads to building rapport with

the community and also creates confidence in them that the programme is real. In

the process, the objectives of the project and roles and responsibilities of different

stakeholders are brought to their notice through informal discussions.

Step.3 As a third step, after noticing that the mood of the community is towards taking up

the project, CBOs such as SHGs, UGs and ECs are formed under each project

cutting across socio-economic barriers for promoting equity and inclusiveness.

These groups are trained at different levels of the project for enabling them to

organize, implement and monitor the activities under the project.

Step.4 PRA exercise is organized by preparing a social map of the village/project to assess

the maladies and likely remedial measures required to overcome and develop

control over the situation.

165

Step.5 At each project level a workshop cum training is arranged for all the department

staff along with the EC members on the process of net planning.

Step.6 Required GIS maps are prepared well in advance and are supplied to each of team.

Step.7 At each project level 2 to 3 teams are formed with WDT along with NGO staff.

These teams along with EC members will conduct transect walks. During the

transect walk required interventions are identified on individual farmers’ field in

consultation with concerned farmer and in common lands with consideration of the

technical feasibility. Technically this process is known as “Net planning”. The net

planning is conducted in the project area starting from upper reaches to lower

reaches covering private land, common land and drainage line area.

Step.8 After collecting the information as indicated above, it will be computerized into

customized software developed in-house by the department. This software helps in

collating the data at ease and simplifies the process of consolidating huge quantity

of data generated during net planning. It helps in analyzing the action plans for

sector wise allocations, equity analysis, and investment across reaches, etc.

Different output formats will be generated as per requirements.

Step.9 After the completion of the net planning, complete information on the identified

interventions will be shared with the community through Participatory Rural

Appraisal (PRA) exercise.

Step.10 The information generated during the net planning will be put forth before the

Executive committee in the form of Action plan for approval. Once approved by the

EC, same will be presented to the Grama Panchayat for its approval. This action

plan will then be forwarded to the district technical committee headed by the

DWDO for technical approval. Finally DPR will be prepared and submitted to

District Level Committee (DLC) Chaired by Chief Executive officer of Zilla

Panchayat and the members are from all the development departments for final

approval.

166

Annexure – IX

Horticulture Schemes Implemented in IWMP Watershed Areas

Sl

No Scheme Where used Nature of support

1 Vegetable seeds production Individual Farmers or SHGs

Subsidy to the tune of 50% of cost with ceiling upto RD 25,000/-

2 Orchards of Mango and Sapota Marginal lands Subsidy of Rs 25740 per hectare

3 Orchards of pomegranate do Subsidy of RS 30,000/-

4 Orchards of mosambi, orange / lime

do Subsidy of Rs 25000/-

5 Orchards of Pineapple do Subsidy of 32500/-

6 Orchards of Banana do Subsidy of 41602/-

7 Orchards of Papaya do Subsidy of Rs 30000/-

8 Orchards of tuber based floriculture such as gladiolus

do Subsidy of Rs 29300/ha

9 Orchards of dry land crops such as cashew

do Subsidy of Rs 20000/-

10 For organic conversion of farming

do Rs 10000/per hectare

11 Vermi composting S 30000 per beneficiary

12 Honey bee rearing It can be adopted by any farmer in watershed areas

RS 800 per bee hive

13 Construction of packaging house 25% o cost with maximum of Rs 2.50 lakhs.

14 For promotion of oil palm cultivation

On lower reach of watershed individually or in group

Subsidy upto 50 % to various components.

15 For nursery development By group of farmers Upto 20 lakhs subsidy for group and upto 4 lakhs if taken up by individual.

16

Extension of rare medicinal plants whose cultivation are at reducing level and existing stage.

By farmers

Upto 75% of production cost with limit of Rs1.5 lakhs.

For post harvest management

17

Drying yard By group or individual farmers

For group 100 & subsidy with limit upto Rs 5 lakhs For individual 50% is subsidy

Godowns Gy farmers society/ individual.

Limit of Rs 5lakhs for group/society and 50% subsidy for individuals.

Grading and sorting both 25% upto 3.75 lakhs

167

Sl

No Scheme Where used Nature of support

Construction of pack house both 25% upto 62500 a susbsidy with farmers having 2 ha of land.

18 Onion storage Godown both Subsidy upto 50% with limit of RS 50,000 for 2 ton storage capacity.

19 Cold storage both 25 % with limit of 50 lakhs for the capacity of 50000 tons .

20 Construction of Preliminary value addition and processing center

both Subsidy upto 25 % of cost.

21

Farm mechanization

Purchase of Power operated machines including power saws / plant protection equipments

both Subsidy upto 50% of cost limited to 17,500/-

Power machines with rotovator Subsidy upto %0 % cost limited to 60,000/-

Power machines of higher horsepower

farmers Subsidy limited upto 50% of cost

Special schemes to small farms farmers Subsidy upto 75 % limited Rs41250.

Tissue culture banana plantation farmers Subsidy upto 75 % limited to Rs 1.00 lakhs

Vegetable Seed procurement farmers Subsidy Rs 750 per hectare.

168

Annexure – X

Technical Annex 1: Results Framework and Monitoring Project Development Objective (PDO): is to demonstrate more effective watershed management through greater integration of programs related to

rainfed agriculture, innovative and science based approaches, and strengthened institutions and capacities.

Remar

ks

PDO Level

Results

Indicators* Co

re Unit of

Measure Baseline

Cumulative Target Values**

Frequency

Data Source/

Methodology

Responsibility

for Data

Collection

Description (indicator definition

etc.)

13-

14

YR2

14-

15

YR3

15-16

YR4

16-

17

YR5

17-18

YR6

18-19

YR7

Indicator

One:

New science based approaches adopted into wider watershed operations

Number of approaches adopted

0 1 1 1 Periodic

reviews and

end of

project

(EOP)

• Project reports

from regular

implementation

support missions

• M&E agency

• Project Partners

through Land

Resource

Inventory (LRI)

WDD,

supported by

M&E agency

and Project

Partners

Two new approaches emerging out

of the project and adopted into

WDD operational manual/

guidelines:

(1) Digital Library (DL)

(2) Decision Support System (DSS)

(3) Land Resources Portal

(4) Hydrological assessment as part

of sub-watershed assessment ,

and

(5) Decision support models used

for site selection

DL, DSS and

portal are

included as

additional

indicators

Indicator

Two: Improved M&E capability in WDD

M&E cell established and functioning

No

formal

cell in

WDD

Fully

staffed

and

operatin

g

Cell

produc

es

M&E

report

s on

regular

basis

Mid-term

review

(MTR) and

EOP

• Project reports

from regular

implementation

support missions

WDD,

supported by

M&E agency

Manpower in place, equipment acquired, and operation and maintenance taking place

169

Indicator

Three:

Incremental 1change in

agric/hortic

ulture

productivity

in project

areas for

selected

crops:

• Cereals

• Pulses

• Vegetab

les

• fruits

Tonnes/ha

Cereals

(1.70)

Pulses

(0.54)

Veg.

(15.00)

Fruits

(12.00)

Cereals

(2.08)

Pulses

(0.65)

Veg.

(18.15)

Fruits

(15.00)

Baseline

and EOP

• Data from

ongoing M&E for

IWMP plus

additional data

acquisition as

required

WDD,

supported by

M&E agency

Weighted average yield of three

major crops (based on area) for

cereals, pulses, vegetables. The

targets are incremental (over IWMP

watersheds) and would be

measured for Phase I sites. Without

project values are estimated at

cereals (1.85); pulses (0.58);

vegetables (16.50); fruits (13.50)

Indicator

Four: Percentage of micro-watersheds with improved convergence and integration.2

Percent of MWS

0 30 70 Mid-term

and EOP

• Quality control

reports for micro-

watershed plans.

• Annual budget

allocations in WDD, NREGS

WDD and

DWDO

supported by

M&E agency

Convergence of Sujala III inputs to

IWMP planning process only The

quality rating would be based on

assessment of: level of integration,

targeting of key soil and water

conservation civil works in relation

to micro-watershed master plan,

and stakeholder satisfaction.

Target

values

shifted

1 Expansion of incremental benefits will come from incremental crop productivity and cropping intensity due to efficient SM conservation based crop management, incremental irrigated area due to efficient water conservation based WSM planning, improved adoption rate of conservation based production technologies and minimizing productivity fluctuations due to longer dry spells in the cropping seasons. 2 Quality would be rated on (a) improved convergence of NREGS resources for soil and water conservation works with IWMP programs and outcomes in project areas (improved targeting and quality of NREGS investments); and (b) better integration of agriculture, ground water, forestry, horticulture, livestock activities into micro-watershed master plans.

170

INTERMEDIATE RESULTS

Intermediate Result (Component One): Support for Improved Program Integration in rainfed areas :

Demonstrate successful integration of rainfed agriculture and watershed development programs, within a science-based approach

Intermediate

Level Results

Indicators* Co

re Unit of

Measure

Base

line


Frequency

Data Source/

Methodology

Responsibility for

Data Collection

Description (indicator

definition etc.) 13-14 14-15 15-16 16-17 17-18 18-19

Intermediate

Result indicator One: Micro-watershed master plans are integrated with larger scale sub-watershed assessments

Number of micro-watersheds

0 330 931 Yearly Digital Library and Portal Report reviewing sub-watershed and micro-watershed plans and implementation

WDD, DWDOs, M&E agency, KVKs, with Technical agencies peer reviewing quality of plans on a sample basis

Scientific recommendations from watershed plan taken up in micro-watershed plan. Key results include ground water assessment, land-use, agriculture potential

Nos of MWS are corrected and Target values shifted

Intermediate

Result indicator

Two: Digitized database library fully operational covering all project watersheds

Number of MWSs

0 330 931 Yearly Digital Library and Portal

WDD/ Project Partners

Digitized library to be in place as per design and fully operational means all nodes are linked and database accessed on real time basis for planning

No of MWS corrected and

Target values

shifted

Indicator Three :

Percentage

reduction of time

taken for Net

planning at

Micro watershed

level (MWS)

% 0 15% 30% Yearly Digital Library, Decision Support System and Portal

WDD / Project Partners /NGOs

The data from the DL / LRI will be made available to the IWMP planning process resulting in reduction of time taken for planning purposes

171

Intermediate Result (Component Two): Research, Development and Innovation

Establish a coordinated research approach to provide practical knowledge and tools to support integrated watershed management

Intermediate

Level Results

Indicators* Co

re

Unit of Measure Baseline


Frequency

Data Source/

Methodology

Responsibili

ty for Data

Collection


definition etc.)

Remarks

13-

14

14-

15

15-

16

16-

17

17-

18

18-

19

Intermediate

Result indicator

One: New hydrological monitoring systems installed and functional

• Advance monitoring

• Community monitoring

Number of:

• MWSs

• SWSs

0 0

30 10

60 15

90 20

120 25

Yearly Project reports State Ministry reports and policies

WDD and State Ministry of Mines and Geology, M&E agency, communities

Hydrological monitoring and modeling adopted within regular watershed planning Fully functional means the system should generate data at specified intervals

Target values shifted

Intermediate

Result indicator Two: Improved information for farmers on climate change and risk management

Number of Farmer Contact Centers (RSKSs) distributing information

0 20 43 58 73 Yearly • Information system regular reports and user data

• Process monitoring

• Annual end user surveys

• Independent assessments

WDD, DOA and research agencies 3rd party study agencies, NBSS&LUPP

Underlying studies completed, delivery systems designed and functional through RSKs, providing information to farmers


Intermediate

Result indicator Three: Value addition and marketing system improved

No. of commodities (incremental)

0 1 3 Yearly Project reports. WDD and other IAs , M&E agency

Value addition identified and marketing system improved as demonstrated for the targeted commodities.


172

Pilot

Demonstration

of Water

harvesting and

production

technologies

No of MWSs 0 5 11 Yearly Progress reports WDD and KVKs

Identified Technology Demonstration for higher productivity in High valve crops; One pilot demonstration for each of the 11 districts

New activity

Pilot

demonstrations

on Watershed

Treatments

saturation in

selected micro-

watersheds

No of MWSs 0 5 11 Yearly Progress reports WDD and M& E agency

Based on gaps identified and supplemented by additional treatments to saturate the watersheds; One pilot demonstration for each of the 11 districts

New activity

Peri-urban

watershed

planning,

management

Number 0 1 Yearly Progress report WDD and Muncipal agencies

Watershed planning for peri urban development and treatment of waste water for Agriculture and non Agriculture purposes in one peri urban watershed on pilot basis

New activity

173

Intermediate Result (Component Three): Institutional Strengthening

Strengthen the institutions and human resources of key stakeholders to improve effective integration of watershed management

Intermediate

Level Results

Indicators* Co

re



Frequency

Data Source/

Methodology

Responsibility

for Data

Collection

Description

(indicator definition

etc.)

Remarks

13-

14 14-15

15-

16

16-

17

17-

18

18-19

Intermediate

Result

indicator One: New aquifer user groups/CIGs functioning

Number

0 0 0 0 150 300

450 Yearly • End user survey and scorecards

• Process monitoring

• Service delivery studies, baseline, mid-term and end of project

WDD, DOA, HD, DWDO, and research agencies. 3rd party study agencies

Aquifers identified and then aquifer user groups/CIGs established and functional


Intermediate

Result

indicator Two: Adoption of improved conservation practices and production technologies

Percent of farmers

0 0 0 0 10 20 30 Yearly MIS reports, drawing from process monitoring, Agriculture Technology Management Agency (ATMA), and farmer center data.

WDD, DOA, HD, KVKs, and M&E agency

Based on studies and demonstrations. Adoption of key scientific resource conserving, productivity-enhancing technologies that are disseminated.

Intermediate

Result

indicator

Three: Improved capacity of farmer contact centers/RSKs

Percent of offices

0 0 0 30 60 90 Yearly MIS reports,

drawing from

process

monitoring, ATMA

and farmer center

data.

WDD, DA, HD,

KVKs, and M&E

agency

percent offices in project areas operating with full staff (GoK and contract) complement and linked with functional ICT to digital library, market information , etc.


174

Intermediate Result (Component Four): Horticulture

Strengthen the knowledge base regarding horticulture potential in rainfed areas and watershed development, and improve the production and

value addition of horticulture in project areas

Intermediate

Level Results

Indicators* Co

re



Frequency

Data Source/

Methodology

Responsibility

for Data

Collection

Description

(indicator definition

etc.)

Remarks

13-

14 14-15 15-16

16-

17 17-18

18-19

Intermediate

Result indicator One: Adoption of improved horticulture techniques

Percentage increase of farmers

0 0 0 0 20 30 Yearly MIS reports, drawing from process monitoring, , and farmer center data collected from farmers’ interest groups (FIGs)

HD, WDD, DOA, and M&E agency

Adoption of productivity-enhancing technologies that are disseminated. Targets are incremental (over IWMP) for Phase-I MWSs and same applies for Phase-II MWSs

Intermediate

Result indicator

Two: Improved technologies for processing and value chain improvements in selected horticulture crops

Number of demonstrations

0 0 7 38 71 Yearly MIS, surveys HD, M&E agency

Number demonstrations related to pack houses, low-energy storage, pre-cooling units, and ripening units

Target values shifted Targets reduced because the decision was taken to implement the demos at dept farms only due to lack of availability of farmers’ lands.

Type. of

improved

technologies

[

(1) Technology

for sstorage

and

Nos. 4 8 10 Yearly MIS, surveys DOH, M&E

agency No. of technological inventions on post harvest, marketing

175

processing

(2) Technology

for value

chain

(3) Technologies

for

marketing

4

8

1

10

2

and value chain

176

Intermediate Result (Component Five): Project Management

Ensure effective, efficient and responsive project management

Intermediate

Level Results

Indicators* Co

re



Frequency

Data Source/

Methodology

Responsibilit

y for Data

Collection


definition etc.)

Remarks

13-

14 14-15 15-16

16-

17

17-

18

18-

19

Intermediate

Result

indicator One: Effective project management

Percent of project units meeting agreed standards

n/a n/a n/a 25 50 70 80 Yearly, to start in year 3

Project management report, 3rd party process monitoring report, DL,DSS and Portal system, and Project Partners performance score cards, Meeting proceedings, Publication,

WDD and M&E agency

Project management delivering project according to agreed standards. At state level, key PMUs would set up standards during start-up. Could include: delivery indicators, responsiveness to clients and partners, quality of support, transparency, complaints redress, adoption of processing monitoring recommendations


*Please indicate whether the indicator is a Core Sector Indicator (see further http://coreindicators)

**Target values should be entered for the years data would be available, not necessarily annually.

177

Annexure – XI

Key Activities Time

Schedule

2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 2016-2017

A M J Ju

A S O N D J F M A M J Ju



A S O N D J F M

Government of

Karnataka sanction

for Sujala 3 project

Septembe

r 2012

Establishment of

Consortium of

service providers

(partners)

2012-2013

Government Order

constituting PPMU,

PTC, REC

10-7-2013

PTC, REC and

FMPC 21-8-2103

Project Approval by

the World Bank

Septembe

r 2013

Preparation of TOR

for project partners

Mar 2013

- Sep 2013

Preparation of

MOU/contract and

signing with partners

Nov 2013-

Sep 2014

State level Project

induction workshop

for all stakeholders

08-10-

2013

First Project

Empowered

Committee meeting

(1 PEC)

09-10-

2013

178

Second Project

Empowered

Committee meeting

(2 PEC)

31-05-

2014

Project restructuring July-Sep

2014

Revision of cost

tables

Aug-Sep

2014

Component 1 :

Support for

Improved

programme

integration in

Rainfed Areas

Establishment of GIS

facilities at 5 nodal

centres.

Aug 2014

- Mar

2015

Strengtheing of

laboratory facilities

at 5 nodal centres.

Sep 2014 -

Mar 2015

Purchase of field

equipments for Land

Resource Inventory

Feb 2014 -

Mar 2015

Procurement of

cadastral maps for 11

project districts - 5th

& 6th Batch

watersheds

June 2014

- June

2016

Procurement of

Cartosat 1, LISS IV

and other imagery

for 5th & 6th Batch

watersheds

June 2014

- June

2016

Base map

preparation

July 2013

- July

2016

179

Developing publicity

material for LRI

stake holders

orientation

May - Jul

2015

Outsourcing of staff

for field work, lab

analysis and GIS

July 2014

- Sep 2014

Developing training

manual for LRI field

investigations

July 2013

Training for

conducting Soil

survey and

Watershed

Assessment

May 2014-

May 2017

Developing Video

film on LRI

Feb-April

2015

Stake holders

orientation workshop

at sub watershed

level

Jan 2015 -

Jul 2017

Orientation training

for end users on Soil

survey and

Watershed

Assessment

Mar 2015

- Jun 2018

Field investigations

(Batch 5 & Batch 6)

for land resource

inventory

Jul 2014 -

Mar 2017

Hydro-geological

investigations

Jan 2015 -

Mar 2017

Socio-economic

survey & collection

of data on climate,

crops, land use etc

Mar 2014

- Mar

2017

180

Laboratory analysis

(Soil, water and

fertility samples)

Sep 2014 -

Mar 2018

Compilation of

secondary data

Througho

ut

Generation of Micro

watershed wise soil

and thematic maps

(LCC, LSC etc)

Sep 2014 -

Sep 2018

Interaction with end

users and stake

holders with LRI

report at SWS level

Mar 2015

- Dec 2017

Publication of LRI

reports- Micro

watershed wise

Apr 2015

- Oct 2018

Capacity building on

utility of LRI for Net

planning for WDT

May 2015

- Oct 2018

Procurement of

Cartosat-1/2 and

LISS IV merged or

IKONOS imaegery

for monitoring land

use changes

(Kharif&Rabi)

Every

year for 5

years

Procurement of

statewide cartosat -1

/ 2, LISS

IV/Quickbird and

merged Imagery

outputs

Jan 2016 -

Jun 2018

Procurement of SAR

Images for 14

hydrology

monitoring

waersheds for 12

months per year for 4

years

Jan 2015 -

Dec 2018

181

Procurement of

Cadastral layer for

entire state

June 2015

- June

2017

Development of

Digital Library, DSS

& Portal

1. Developing TOR

for DL, DSS & Portal

Jan -

April 2014

2.Review of TOR by

expert committee

members

May - Sep

2014

3. Approval of TOR

for DL, DSS & Portal

by World Bank

Sept 2014

4. Contracting TA

for preparing

Technical

specification (RFP)

Oct - Dec

2014

5. Preparation of

RFP for DL, DSS &

Portal & its review

Jan - Mar

2015

6.Review of RFP by

expert committee

March-

April 2015

7. Preparation of

tender documents for

DL, DSS & Portal

Apr - May

2015

8. Award of

Contract

Jun-July

2015

9. Installation Aug - Dec

2015

182

10. Training and

Maintenance

January

2016 -

End of

Project

Development of DSS

on identified /to be

identified thematic

areas

Jan 2016 -

March

2018

Uploading of

primary and

secondary spatial and

non spatial data and

thematic layers from

LRI output to Portal.

January

2016 -

End of

Project

Developing training

manual for DL usage

and utility

March-

May 2015

Launching of DL May -

June 2015

Workshops, trainings

and seminars on

utility of DL for

planning for

watershed

institutions and line

departments

Apr -

June 2015

Capacity Building for

Project staff on use

of Land Resource

(LR) Portal

Mar 2016

onwards

Developing user

manual for LR

Portal

Mar 2016

- Mar

2017

Sub Watershed

Assessment

183

Interpretation of

imagery at broader

scale to identify

potentials and

constraints

Feb 2015 -

Mar 2017

Reconniassance

survey (1:50,000

scale), training and

Technical support for

hydrological

investigation

Mar 2015

- June

2017

Developing Training

Modules for resource

assesseent at sub

watershed level and

imparting trainings

at watershed

institutions

Mar -

June 2015

Generation of

thematic maps and

preparation of land

use and conservation

plans at sub

watershed level

Apr 2015

- Aug

2017

Workshop at sub

watershed level to

present assessment

report and Tentative

land use plan /

conservation plan

etc. to the stake

holders

May 2015

- June

2018

Identification of

researchable issues at

broader scale during

SW survey

Mar 2015

till the

project

period

184

Identifying

interventions and

management

practices in

convergence with

NREGS and line

department

programmes until

micro watershed

plans are generated

May 2015

- June

2018

Participatory Micro

Watershed Master

Planing

Development of

tentative Land Use

plans

Mar 2015

- June

2018

Presenting Micro

watershed wise

tentative Land use

plan to Stake holders

April 2015

- June

2018

Development of

incremental Training

Module & Manual

for WDT,

Communities and GP

On:

1. Safeguards, PRIs

June 2015

- Aug

2017

2. Planning &

Designing

interventions

June 2015

- Aug

2017

3. New approaches

and tools for

integrated planning,

June 2015

- Aug

2017

4.Hydrology

assessments for

surface water usage

and groundwater

June 2015

- Aug

2017

185

recharge

Training WDT

Teams for

Programme

integration,

convergence

planning & designing

interventions,

safegaurds

June 2015

- Aug

2018

Training the

community,

CBOs,and GPs for

Programme

integration,

convergence

planning &

Hydrology

June 2015

- Aug

2018

Piloting and

monitoring of new

tools in 5th Batch

Micro Watersheds

June 2016

- Aug

2018

Stakeholder

workshop for review

of new tool testing

June

2016- Aug

2016

Dissemination

products (leaflets,

brochures, wall

paintings etc )on

range of programmes

and schemes under

implementation

Mar 2015

- Jan 2018

Training on Planning

for Convergence with

other programmes

Mar 2016

- Jan 2018

186

Workshop for

dissemination of

knowledge Products

to EC, Jal mitras,

Ugs, GPs, filed staff,

NGO at MWS level

(maps, field manuals

etc.)

Mar 2016

- End of

Project

Developing rainfed

agriculture

information systems

to facilitate planning

Jan-Aug

2016

Facilitating

Participatory Net

Plan process

including Subplans

Aug 2015

- End of

Project

Revision of the

IWMP field manual

to incorporate new

processes for

watershed planning

Mar - Apr

2017

Intensive monitoring

and documentation

Developmet of social

accountability and

delivery mechanism

standards

Mar -

June 2016

Developing

community

monitoring training

modules for WDT ,

CBOs and GPs

Apr -

June 2016

Trainings to WDT,

CBOs and GP on

intensive monitoring

and documentation

May 2016

- End of

Project

Procurement of

community

monitoring

equipments for

surface &

groundwater levels

Mar -

June 2015

187

M&E workshops &

handson Trg on use

of monitoring

equipments, data

collection, storage

and transmission for

community M&E

(one training for

every 3 MWS)

June 2015

- End of

Project

Component 2 :

Research,

Development and

Innovation

Research for

integrated landscape

management and

agricultural

intensification

Placing Research

Advisory Group in

WDD (REC)

June-July

2014

Annual workshop for

Review of Priorties

based on emerging

issues

Apr -May

2015

Priortization &

Finalization of

Researchable themes

for funding

Apr -June

2014

Call for proposal on

identified themes

from Research

organizations

June

2014,

June 2015

-July 2016

;

Screening of

proposals received &

approval

Jul 2014 -

Oct 2015

188

Coordination &

Review & monitoring

of research projects

Nov 2014

onwards

Preparation of field

guides,brouchers,trai

ning material on

technologies/best

practices

Mar 2016

- Mar

2018

Organizing farmer

field school to

dissiminate best

practices /

technologies

Mar 2015

- End of

Project

Publication of success

stories / research

findings & hosting on

the Website

June 2015

- End of

Project

State & District level

workshops to

dissiminate the

research findings

4 Nos

(June

2015,

June

2016, Jan

2017, Jan

2018)

Hydrological

Assessment &

Monitoring

Hydrological

Assessement in 2

pilot watersheds

Nov 2014

onwards

Procurement of

Hydrological

monitoing

equipments

Nov 2014

- July

2015

TOR for total station

survey

Dec 2014 -

Feb 2015

189

Topographical

mapping (1m

contour) through

Total station survey -

14 MWS

Mar 2015

- Sep 2015

TOR and MOU for

DEM in 14

microwatersheds

Aug 2015

- Dec 2015

Procure & Install

weather stations @ 3

/MWS per micro

watershed for 14

pilot micro

watersheds

Nov 2014

- Jun 2015

Procure and Install

weather stations in

1/3 of micro

watersheds

Nov 2015

- Apr

2016

Procurement of

Hydrological

equipments /

piezometer, Parshall

flume or doppler,

sediment sampler,

borewell meter and

TDR

Nov 2014

- Jul 2015

Instatllation of

Hydrological

equipments in pilot

watersheds

Jan 2015 -

Jul 2015

Procurement of SAR

images for soil

moisture

May/once

in a year

Procurement of LAI

index meters for 14

model watersheds

Nov 2014

- Jul 2015

190

Developing training

modules in

Hydrological

assessment

Nov 2014

- Feb 2015

Training on

Hydrologial

monitoring &

assessement

March

2015 -

End of

Project

Trg of micro

watershed sanghas,

GP, KVK's and

NGO's by SAU'S on

Hydrological

monitoring

July 2015

onwards

Hydrological

monitoring data

acquisition from 14

microwatersheds

March

2015

onwards

Hydrological data

interpretation/proces

sing/modelling/report

generation,

publication and

dessemination

Entire

project

period

Building Community

awareness on

Ground water status

for water budgeting

& crop planning at

watershed level

July 2015

onwards

Hydrological data

facilitation for DL

and DSS

July 2015

onwards

Surface and GW

research and

Development

Aug 2015

onwards

Planning for surface

water harvesting

structures

2016-2018

191

Planning for GW

recharge structures 2016-2018

Aquifer assessment Jan 2016

onwards

Assessment of

selected watersheds

for monitoring

Jan 2016

onwards

Training SAU &

WDD / Line Dept.

Staff on Improved

methods of Surface

& Ground water

recharge

development

2015

onwards

Technology Transfer

Contracting

Technical Agency to

develop information

decision tools for end

users

Coordination

workshops with

SAUs and

DOA/DOH/DAH on

field research and

extension process

involving KVKs,

RSKs

2 Nos,

March

2015

onwards

Developing Capacity

Building Manuals on

technology transfer

for Extension Agents

Jan 2016 -

June 2018

Trainings to

Extension Agents on

Technology transfer

March

2016

onwards

192

Developing user

friendly tools for

watershed

assessment

Jan 2017

Developing materials,

field notes, tool kits,

videos, fact sheets,

posters and

Installation of

interactive kiosks on

pilot basis

Jan 2016

onwards

Rolling out KIOSKs

in phase II

Jan 2017

onwards

Audio-visual aids,

web based

information for

intensification of

agriculture and

improving rainwater

and groundwater use

efficiency, post

harvest technology

Demonstrations

through on-farm

field trials

June 2015

- June

2018

Providing extension

support to Farmers

through KVKs and

RSKs on Best

practices for

improving

horticulture

productivity and

reducing post harvest

losses

June 2015

onwards

Training farmer

groups on perennial

crops, annual crops

and nutrition

gardens

Mar 2015

onwards

193

Incremental

technology and

knowledge transfer

through farmers

field schools and

farmer contact

centres

Mar 2015

onwards

Transfer of field

tested technolgy to

farmers through

Field days

June 2015

onwards

Production of

literature on

productivity

improvements for

specific crops.

Jan 2016 -

June 2018

Exposure visits to

farmers within the

district/state for

technology

adaptation

June 2016

- Nov

2018

Strengthening

research

management

Collaborate with

DOA to identify

researchable issues

through District level

workshops & Zonal

Research &

Extension Advisory

Council meetings in

each region

June 2014

onwards

Collaboration with

RDPR in the

selection and

implementation of

research studies

related to

IWMP/NREGS

convergence

Mar 2015

onwards

Coordination on

hydrology and

groundwater

monitoring through

June 2015

onwards

194

IISc, partners & BU

Coordination on

processing and

sharing of data for

agro-climatology

with Karnataka State

Natural Disaster

Monitoring Centre

(KSNDMC)

Dec 2014

- End of

Project

Coordination with

IISc for the piloting

of advanced,

integrated,

hydrological

monitoring

June 2014

- June

2018

State level

Coordination

Workshops involving

various organisations

Once in a

year

Component 3 :

Institutional

Strenthening

Training and

capacity building

Training and

Capacity building

need assessment both

at state as well as at

the field level

April-

August

2015

Developing

awareness raising

training modules

based on the need

assessment

April-

August

2015

195

Developing Technical

modules for training

and demonstrations

of horticultural crops

on production,

harvest, post harvest

management and

marketing

June 2015

- Sept

2015

Training of trainers

to state level

stakeholders on

planning process

including tools for

integrated watershed

management and in-

house M&E

development

July -

Sept 2015,

July - Sep

2016, Oct

- Dec 2017

Trg and capacity

building of

horticulture based

(698 Nos) established

for Horticulture and

other crops on

harvest and post

harvest management

Apr - Sept

2015

(250);

April -

Sept 2016

(250);Apri

l - Sept

2017 (198)

250 250

Training village

institutions (SHGs,

Ugs, GPs, farmers &

Extention Agents) on

integrated NRM,

hydrology/GW

management,

safegaurds,

agriculture

intensification,

marketing and post

harvest management

in 1/3 of MWS : 200

nos

April -

Sep 2015;

April- Dec

2016;

April -

Sep 2017

50 50

196

Organising exposure

visits to SHGs, Ugs,

Ecs, GPs, Jala mitra

& progressive

farmers covering all

698 MWS

Oct - Dec

2015; Oct

- Dec

2016; Oct

- Dec

2017;July

- Sep 2018

150 200

Additional training

and technical support

for hydrology

July - Dec

2015; July

- Dec

2016; July

- Dec

2017; July

- Dec 2018

Capacity building of

existing agriculture

and horticulture

extension units,

especially RSKs,

about 12 units

Oct 2015-

Dec 2017

Organising National

and International

exposure visits to

GOK officials

March

2015 -

June 2017

Assessment of MIS

requirements and

potentials for ICT,

software

development,customi

zation and system

rolling out

Jan 15 -

Sept 15

197

Field testing &

Training on ICT

Tools

July - Dec

2015; July

- Dec

2016; July

- Dec

2017;

Technical support for

refinement and

strengthening of

WDD MIS

July - Dec

2015; July

- Dec

2016; July

- Dec

2017;

Capacity Building of

project staff on

Procurement and

Financial

Management

Througho

ut

Establishment of

Internal M&E cell at

the WDD HQ

Training for capacity

building of M & E

cell in WDD on

Planning process,

Convergence,

Hydrology etc.,

(About 9 Nos)

July - Dec

2015; July

- Dec

2016; July

- Dec

2017;

Training on Project

M & E for WDD

officers (About 8

Nos)

Oct 2015 -

Mar 2016;

Apr - Sep

2017

Infrastructure

improvements

198

Upgrading district

watershed training

centres including IT

systems

April

2015-Mar

2016

Establishment of

Rural Technology

Park to strenthen

technology transfer

April

2016-Mar

2017

Component 4

:Project management

and coordination

Incremental

specialized technical

staff (both full and

part-time) in

headquarters and

field offices

Througho

ut the

project

period

Setting up and

maintenance of

project website

Nov 2014-

March

2015

Settting up M&E

Cell in WDD

Nov 2014-

March

2015

Financial

management and

procurement

Consultancies for

financial

management,

procurement, and

internal audit to

augment internal

WDD capabilities

and systems

Througho

ut the

project

Training of Trainers

on Procurement /

Financial

management &

Accounting, internal

audits, Tally package

Througho

ut the

project

199

Training Project staff

on Procurement

Througho

ut the

project

Training Project staff

on Financial

Management &

Accounting (Tally

etc)

Througho

ut the

project

Training project staff

on internal audits

Througho

ut the

project

Training on Project

MIS

Througho

ut the

project

Project Monitoring

and Evaluation

Engaging Third

Party M&E Agency

April 2015

- Dec 2018

Establishing

Participatory M&E

mechanism

April 2015

- Dec 2018

Web-enabled

computerized MIS

Jan 2015 -

Mach

2018

200

Project

Awareness by

NGOs & WDD

Entry Point Activities

consultation with community

IWMP

Capacitiy

building

Work

Implementaion

Consolidation and withdrawl stage

Implementaion of

Livelihood, Prodution

System and Micro

-Grama sabha-

Jathas-

-Steet Play

Wall painting

Brochures & Pamplets

Print & Electronic

media

-SHGs

-UGs

-ECs

-S1-S3,U1-U3,E1-E3

-Exposure visits,

-SATCOM based trainings,

-EAPs & EDPs.

- Participatory Rural Appraisal

-Transact walk by EC/WDT/NGO

and WDT and Beneficiaries

- Computerising data & Net plan

- Technical approvals by DWDOs

- Obtaining ECs Approval

- Social Approval by Grama Sabha

- DPR Prepartion & approval by

DLC

- Preparation of Annual Action

Plans

-Watershed assesment

-Land Resource inventory

-Digital Library

-Decision Support System

-R & D

Hydrology

Incremental Capacity

Building

Institutional

strenthening

WDD-KVKs-RKS's-

UAS

CBOs-line

-Programme Integration &

Convergence

-Ground water management

-Horticulture Development

Improved Planning Process

Improved Net plan & DPR

-Demonstration

-Technology transfer

-Value chain/ Value

addition

-Market Linkage

CBO Formation

Best Management practices

New Planning tool

Scientific

Knowledge base

zScietific Knowledge Base

ANNEXURE - XII

MEL & D KWDP-II/IWMP

KWDP - II and IWMP PROCESS DIAGRAM

201

ANNEXURE - XIII

PROJECT COST TABLE

(KWDP II - Cost tables (May 4, 2015).xlsx)

Documents

Watershed Development Department Government of …watershed.kar.nic.in/SujalaIII_Doc_files/PIP_12.07.2012.pdf · Annexure – VIII : Preparation of Net Plan and Detailed Project Report