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WASTE 2016

The degrading global environmental awareness has taken public

concern all over the world in various sectors, including education. Higher

education as the front liner of innovation and the development of science

and technology should be a role model in a nurturing environment.

Universitas Sebelas Maret as one of the universities that care about the

environment, initiates to keep the environment clean, green, and healthy

through the Green Campus program. A university should meet the

required indicators and criteria to realize the Green Campus. One of them

is the management and treatment of organic or inorganic, hazardous and

toxic, and disposal waste. Several programs and activities in processing

and managing waste encompass Recycing Program for University Waste,

Toxic Waste Recycling, Organic Waste Treatment, Inorganic Waste

Treatment, and Sewage Disposal.

1. Waste water Recycling (Waste Water treatment)

UNS conducts waste water recycling program. It aims to maximize

waste water reuse by processing domestic wastewater in UNS, which

consequently contributes to the improvement of efficiency of water

consumption.

Recycled water use in UNS is embodied through a sprinkler

watering system for watering grass in the green space area. Recycled

water of domestic wastewater is also used for watering plants. It can be

seen through the image below:

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Picture 1.

The use of recycled wastewater for watering plants with water sprinkler

On the other hand, domestic wastewater sewer system and integrated

drainage system for rainwater have been made around the faculties,

institution, Central Office and servicing units (UPT) in UNS. The domestic

wastewater will flow to the ponds, which finally drains to the Bengawan

Solo river.

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Picture 2

Integrated sewer system in UNS (A-B), Domestic wastewater pond that is

also functioned as water resources conservation pond (C-D).

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Picture 3

Watering the garden with lake water

Currently, the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP -IPAL), a domestic

wastewater treatment system, is being built by UNS facilitated by the

Ministry of Public Works. The construction of the WWTP aims to control

the wastewater, especially in the inaccessible area of wastewater

treatment system in the region of Jebres, Surakarta (including Universitas

Sebelas Maret). The WWTP will integrate and process the waste of the

residential area near the campus, RW 10-14 Jebres Region and internal

campus in a single waste treatment.

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Below is the picture of the construction plan of WWTP UNS

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Green Construction Concept in the process of building WWTP in UNS

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Green Construction

According to Budisuanda (2011), green construction includes several

aspects, as follow:

Construction process which minimizes the use of material causing

environmental damage

Construction process which does not disturb the tranquility around

Methods of operation which does not produce waste over the

threshold of tolerance

Methods of operation which does not disturb the balance of

surrounding nature

Implementation of development that does not pollute the

environment on dangerous chemicals

The development process that should take advantage of the

material debris.

Picture 4 The image of integrated WWTP construction in UNS in cooperation with the

Ministry of Public Works and Indonesian Public Housing 2016

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2. Organic and Inorganic Waste Treatment and Management

Process

One of the biggest wastes generated by the activity and the

environment of UNS is organic waste such as leaves and paper. In 2014,

UNS has started separating organic and inorganic waste with emphasizing

on organic and inorganic trash bin. Therefore, there must be organic and

inorganic trash bin in every faculty/work units and along the way in UNS.

The data of separation of organic and inorganic waste has been

raised in 2014. Previously, in 2013, it was only about 22.7% (5 faculties)

from all faculties and work units that perform organic and inorganic waste

separation. In 2014, organic and inorganic trash bins were provided

throughout faculties, work units, and all the way in UNS (almost 100%)

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Picture 5

Organic and inorganic trash can in each faculty, work unit and

along the way in UNS.

Nowadays, UNS is independently conducting the organic waste

processing (fully composted organic waste) by utilizing a composting tool

in the Faculty of Agriculture and Engineering. However, organic waste is

also partly used and managed by third parties.

From 2014 to the present (2016), there are some efforts that have

been made in an attempt to reduce paper use, such as: the using of

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electronic mail (SMS or email) for internal meeting invitations, the using of

the unused side of paper/on the blank side or using soft file only for paper

consultation.

Meanwhile, in term of in-organic Waste Treatment, UNS only

conducts the waste collecting to be kept in one container in order not to

spread and scattered. This inorganic waste management is given to third

parties.

Picture 6

The officers who sweep the leaf litter (a), The officer who sweeps garden

(b), The officer who takes away the trash (c – d)

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Organic Waste Treatment in Faculty of Agriculture

Picture 7

The processing of organic waste treatment (a) Anaerobic composting

process (b) composting process (c-d) composts product

in the Faculty of Agriculture

Organic Waste Treatment in Faculty of Engineering

There is a Compost Processing Unit in Faculty of Engineering UNS.

It is a place to process leaf litter to turn into compost. Since December

2013, this unit had already started processing the leaf litter as a

cooperation between Faculty of Engineering and WIKA and it is still

operated today (2016). The unit was initially managed by the Faculty of

Engineering but it is run by the Students' Cooperative (KOPMA) now. This

unit already uses leaf crushing tool. However, it is not maximum because it

can only be used for chopping little leaf litter and the crushing process

should be repeated up to 2 times.

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The destroyed leaf litter will be fermented in sealed drums for 2-3

weeks. After that, it is wrapped in a plastic and labeled as Pupuk Kompos

Semar, in which the weight of the compost fertilizer is 1 kilo gram. This

fertilizer, then, is used as fertilizer for plants on campus. Some of the

fertilizers are also sold to the surrounding community. The Compost

Processing Unit is not operated everyday. Sometimes, it is only operated 3

times a week and it can produce approximately 70 packs of compost.

Picture 8

The processing of organic waste treatment (a) Anaerobic composting

process (b) composting process (c) composts product (d) in

the Faculty of Engineering.

3. Toxic Waste Recycling

Several faculties and units in UNS dominate the waste production of

B3 criteria. They are Faculty of Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Faculty

of Mathematics and Natural Science, Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of

Teacher Training and Education, Servicing Unit of Laboratory of UNS.

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UNS has high activity in the laboratory. Llaboratory plays an

important role in improving the quality and quantity of education for

students and for lectures who conduct research. As results of lab work

done by the students in addition to a preliminary analysis show that there

are several numbers of sample containing hazardous substances such as

heavy metals, including Fe, Pb, Cr, Cu, Cd, Hg, and more.

The management of toxic waste of UNS is partly conducted in

cooperation with third parties and the rest conducted by UNS in the Waste

Water Treatment Plant (WWTP). The waste treatment unit has been built

since 2009, especially from the Servicing Unit of Central Laboratory of

Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science. In 2015, in collaboration with

the Ministry of Public Works, UNS has built an integrated Wastewater

Treatment Plant (WWTP) to accommodate the waste produced by the

Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science and Faculty of Medicine, as

shown in Figure 8.

Picture 9 WWTP in the Integrated Laboratory of UNS (a), WWTP in Sub-Laboratory

of Chemistry (b), tank to process the laboratory wastewater(c), the management of toxic waste in the tank to be processed

by third parties (d)

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Picture 10.

WWTP in the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science to accomodate

the waste produced by Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science

and Faculty of Medicine.