Washington Heads the New Government

Section 6-1pp. 182-187

Preview Questions

• What actions did Washington and Congress take to shape the new government?

• Why did Hamilton and Jefferson disagree?

• Who led the first political parties?

I. The New Government Takes Shape

• “Grand Experiment”– No plans to follow to make gov’t– Uncharted territory

I. The New Government Takes Shape

• Judiciary Act of 1789– Creates judicial structure – Organization

• Supreme Court• 3 Federal Circuit courts • 13 Federal District courts

I. The New Government Takes Shape

• Washington & Executive Branch – Congress creates 3 executive

departments • Treasury: manage finances • State: foreign affairs• War: military matters

I. The New Government Takes Shape

• The Cabinet– President’s chief advisors and dept.

heads – Sec of State: Jefferson – Sec of Treasury: Hamilton – Sec of War: Henry Knox

II. Hamilton and Jefferson Debate

• Strong central gov’t • Commerce economy • Educated, upper

class• Loose interpretation • National Bank• Favored in North

II. Hamilton and Jefferson Debate

• Strong Local Gov’ts

• Agr. Economy • Common Man • Strict

Interpretation • No Nat’l Bank • Favored in South

II. Hamilton and Jefferson Debate

• Hamilton’s Economic Goal– Establish national banking system– Manage nation’s debts

• Hamilton’s Economic Plan– Pay off foreign debt – Federal gov’t assumes states’ debts – Issue new bonds to soldiers

II. Hamilton and Jefferson Debate

• The Bank of the U.S. – Hamilton’s plan for national bank – Sponsored by private investors and

gov’t– Opposition: Madison

• Creates close ties b/w investors and gov’t • Not in Constitution: Strict Interpretation

– Favor: Hamilton • Not forbidden in Constitution: Loose

Interpretation

III. Political Parties

• Arose out of divisions b/w Hamilton and Jefferson

• Issue: Size and power of national government

• Parties: Democratic-Republicans and Federalists

III. Political Parties

• The Whiskey Rebellion – New tariffs on whiskey upset distillers – Farmers refuse to pay tax on whiskey – Washington uses troops to stop

rebellion – Shows nat’l gov’t can control

domestic affairs