Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Warm –Up
Grab a sheet off the red stool and begin working!!!
Trends in Antebellum America: 1810-1860
Trends in Antebellum America: 1810-1860
1. New intellectual and religious movements.
2. Social reforms.
3. Beginnings of the Industrial Revolution in America.
4. Re-emergence of a second party system and more political democratization.
5. Increase in federal power Marshall Ct. decisions.
6. Increase in American nationalism.
7. Further westward expansion.
1. New intellectual and religious movements.
2. Social reforms.
3. Beginnings of the Industrial Revolution in America.
4. Re-emergence of a second party system and more political democratization.
5. Increase in federal power Marshall Ct. decisions.
6. Increase in American nationalism.
7. Further westward expansion.
“Manifest Destiny”“Manifest Destiny” First coined by newspaper editor, John O’Sullivan in 1845.
First coined by newspaper editor, John O’Sullivan in 1845.
The belief that America had the god given right to expand the U.S.’s borders from “sea to shining sea”
The belief that America had the god given right to expand the U.S.’s borders from “sea to shining sea” by John Gast,
1872by John Gast,
1872
Manifest Destiny - belief that the U.S. had the right to all the land between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans
Manifest Destiny: Video (1:51)
Manifest Destiny
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qrjg9ulR-xo
Louisiana Purchase
1803Thomas
JeffersonDoubled
the size of the nation
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/lincolns/politics/es_shift.html
Missouri Compromise of 1820
Missouri enters as a slave stateMaine enters as a free stateLine between free and slave states set
at 36º30’ latitude for states formed out of Louisiana Territory
SIGNIFICANCE: The nation compromises! The nation will maintain a balance between free and slave states.
Warm-Up
What is Manifest Destiny??? What were the Americans trying to do? Who suffered because of the Americans’ belief of Manifest Destiny?
Settlers Headed to OregonSettlers Headed to Oregon
The Oregon & Santa Fe Trail (1840s)
The Oregon & Santa Fe Trail (1840s)
Sante Fe Trail
Busiest & most well known avenue of trade 780 Miles from Independence, MO to Sante Fe, New
Mexico Each Spring between 1821 & 1860 Missouri Traders set out
for Sante Fe. They traveled the first 150 miles alone & then formed bands
to protect each other from Indians Once they reached Sante Fe, they traded in the Mexican
Province
Oregon Trail
Route from Independence, MO to Portland, Oregon Marcus & Marcissa Whitman made their way into Oregon
Territory There they set up mission schools to convert Native
Americans to Christianity Attracted other pioneers because of its fertile soil &
abundant rain fall The trip took months, many died from sickness such as
Fever, diarrhea & cholera
Overland Immigration to the West
Overland Immigration to the West
Between 1840 and 1860, more than250,000 people made the trekwestward.
Between 1840 and 1860, more than250,000 people made the trekwestward.
"Fifty-Four Forty or Fight!"
1844 – Presidential Candidate James Polk supported the 54°, 40’ as boundary for annexation of Oregon
Idea of manifest destiny"Fifty-Four Forty or Fight!“ (northern border of Oregon Country)
1846 – Britain cedes Oregon Country to the U.S.Establish the 49th Parallel as the border between British Canada and the U.S.
1848 – U.S. portion of Oregon Country became Oregon Territory
Mormons Headed to Utah1846-57 Joseph Smith established the Latter
Day Saints (Mormons) in the Midwest In the Midwest, they experienced
conflict because of social, political, and religious beliefs
Brigham Young established The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and moved west to the Great Basin in Utah
The Doomed Donner PartyThe Doomed Donner Party
April, 1846 – April, 1847
April, 1846 – April, 1847
The Doomed Donner Party
The Doomed Donner Party
James Reed & Wife
James Reed & Wife
Margaret Patrick John Breen Breen Breen
Margaret Patrick John Breen Breen Breen
Of the 83 members of the Donner Party, only 45 survived to get to California!
Of the 83 members of the Donner Party, only 45 survived to get to California!
CANNIBALISM ! !
CANNIBALISM ! !
Objective: To examine the causes and effects of the Texan Revolution.
Key Figures in Texas Independence, 1836Key Figures in Texas Independence, 1836
Sam Houston(1793-1863)
Sam Houston(1793-1863)
Steven Austin(1793-1836)
Steven Austin(1793-1836)
Texas Independence
At first Mexicans encourage American settlement. Conflicts over cultural issues, including slavery Americans who live there a rebellious bunch—start
to talk of taking Texas as their own.
Texas Independence
Austin travels to Mexico City to present petitions for greater self-government for Texas to Santa Anna
Santa Anna (Mexican president) suspends the 1824 Mexican constitution & locks Austin up for trying to start a revolution
This caused other Texans to rebel (Texas Revolution)
Texas Independence
1835- Texans attacked & drove Mexican forces away from the Alamo (fort)
In response Santa Anna attacked the troops at the Alamo & killed all 187 defenders
Six weeks after the defeat of the Alamo, Sam Houston led an attack at the Battle of Jacinto
Slogan “Remember the Alamo!”
Texas Independence
Santa Anna forced to sign Treaty of Velasco Texas becomes independent. Southern Americans want to bring Texas into the
United States but cant because Northerners think they are trying to expand slavery
The Oregon Dispute: 54’ 40º or Fight!
The Oregon Dispute: 54’ 40º or Fight!
http://spider.georgetowncollege.edu/htallant/courses/his325/OREGON.gif
The Road to War
Polk elected in 1844, many see as mandate for manifest destiny.
Desire to acquire California—American settlers already living there.
Conflicts with Mexico over American claims and boundary disputes.
The Slidell Mission: Nov., 1845The Slidell Mission: Nov., 1845
Mexican recognition of the Rio Grande River as the TX-U border.
US would purchase the New Mexico area for $5,000,000.
US would buy California at any price.
REFUSED!
.
Mexican recognition of the Rio Grande River as the TX-U border.
US would purchase the New Mexico area for $5,000,000.
US would buy California at any price.
REFUSED!
. John SlidellJohn Slidell
The Mexican War (1846-1848)The Mexican War (1846-1848)
• 1846: Polk orders troops to march from the Nueces to the Rio Grande.
• Provoked Mexican Army into firing first
• Declaration of war despite those who asked for “spot resolutions” (Lincoln)
Divisions over War
Southerners want war—will expand slavery
Northerners oppose it for exact same reason--Anti-slavery groups take the lead
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, 1848Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, 1848
Mexico gave up claims to Texas above the Rio Grande River. Mexico gave the U. S. California and New Mexico.
U. S. gave Mexico $15,000,000 and agreed to pay the claims of American citizens against Mexico (over $3,500,000).
MEXICO LOST HALF OF ITS TERRITORY IN ALL!
Mexico gave up claims to Texas above the Rio Grande River. Mexico gave the U. S. California and New Mexico.
U. S. gave Mexico $15,000,000 and agreed to pay the claims of American citizens against Mexico (over $3,500,000).
MEXICO LOST HALF OF ITS TERRITORY IN ALL!
The Treaty was basically forced on Mexico!The Treaty was basically forced on Mexico!
Legacies of Mexican-American War “Small war”—not many lives lost Gained a ton of land (increased size of US by 1/3) Prepared military and soldiers for Civil War Led to Mexican resentment Rearoused issue of slavery which would lead to
Civil War WILMOT PROVISO
Manifest Destiny - belief that the U.S. had the right to all the land between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans
Manifest Destiny: Video (1:51)
