Stool examination
STOOL EXAMINATIONDr. Prabhavati . C. Kichadi. 2nd P G Schlolar ,
Dept of Bhaishajya Kalpana, KLEUS Shri BMKAM,Belgaum.
INVESTIGATION SEMINAR10/02/2012Stool
Examination1ContentsIntroductionObjectivesHistoryInvestigationTypes
ApplicationPrecautionsPossible errorsOwn research viewResearch
articleSummary ConclusionReferences
10/02/2012Stool Examination2INTRODUCTION
Stool is the waste matter discharged from the bowels fallowing
the digestion and absorption of essential food ingredients in the
stomach and Intestine.
10/02/2012Stool Examination3Clinical significance Fecal material
is an important specimen for the diagnosis of diseases of GI tract-
Diarrhea, Dysentery, Parasitic infection, GI bleeding, Peptic
ulcer, Carcinoma and Mal absorption syndromes including Steatorrhea
10/02/2012Stool Examination4Composition of feacesWaste residue of
indigestible material in foodBileIntestinal secretionsLeucocytes
that migrate from the blood streams Shed epithelial cellsLarge
number of Bacteria'sInorganic material chiefly Calcium and
Phosphates 10/02/2012Stool Examination5OBJECTIVES
Instruments and methods used in stool testApplication of the
observations with respect to medical conditions. To understand the
analysis performed from stool in various ailments.
10/02/2012Stool Examination6Normal values in stool
analysisMicroscopic examinationValuesColourBrownOdourVaries with pH
of stool and depends on bacterial fermentation and
putrefactionConsistencyBulkySmall and drySize and shapeFormedGross
BloodAbsentPusAbsentParasitesAbsentFatColourless, Neutral fat 18%
and fatty acid crystals and soaps UndigestedNone to small amount
food, Meat fibers, starch, trypsinEggs and segments of
parasitesAbsentYeastsAbsentLeucocytesAbsent10/02/2012Stool
Examination7Chemical examination Values
pH Adult Newborn Bottle fed infants Breast fed infantsNeutral to
weakly Alkaline 7 - 7.5 5 - 7 Neutral to slightly alkaline 7-8
Slightly acidic Occult blood NegativeUrobilinogen50-300
mg/24hrPorphyrinsCoproporphyrins
