Warm-up

• Answer the following question in your notebook after you write down the lesson name and objective:–Why and how did the Zhou dynasty

decline? What were the effects of this decline?

Review

• After the fall of the Zhou dynasty:– What do you think happened to China?– Will people live the same way or change? Why?

Daoism, Legalism & Confucianism

Three Philosophies that look at how to get people to behave and how the

government should rule the people.

Peace Through Ideas

• • In Time of the Warring States, warlords and kings fought for land

• • Scholars developed three ways of thinking to bring peace to land– - Legalism, Confucianism, Daoism– - each was a philosophy—study of basic truths,

ideas about universe

Station Activity

• 3 documents– Confucianism, Daoism, Legalism

• Individually, you will select one at a time• DO NOT write on the document• Select one at a time• Does not matter which order you select them

in

Once you pick up a document…• Write down the name of the document in your

notebook• Read the document• Write down 3 important facts in your

notebook• Answer the question at the end of the

document • ALL IN COMPLETE SENTENCES• When finished, turn in the document and

select another one until all 3 are completed

Paragraph

• You will write a 5 sentence paragraph describing the 3 philosophies and answering the following questions: – Why are these philosophies important?– Would China have survived without these

philosophies? Why or why not?– What philosophy would you follow if you had the

choice? Explain why.

Warm-up

• Write down the lesson name and objective• Compare and contrast Confucianism, Daoism,

and Legalism. – Use a Venn Diagram, T-Chart, or write a

paragraph.

Daoism/Taoism

Daoism/Taoism• Started by a man named Lao Tsu who lived

about 600 BCE• Is a philosophy (way of thinking) but turned

into a religion• Lao Tsu believed that people needed to “go

with the flow” (wu-wei) let nature take its course

Yin and Yang

• Believed everything in the universe had a life force- a yin and yang-opposites

• Yin-dark side- is women, moon, things that are still & death

• Yang-light side-is men, sun, things that move & birth

• Must keep the yin and the yang balanced

Beliefs…

• Wrong for people to fight• Wrong for government to make rules and laws• Against any kind of rules, diets, etc.• Had theories regarding the body, diet, breathing

and physical exercises, uses of herbs, philosophical inquiry and meditation.

• The Taoist feels these ideas bring a human being into closer alignment with the “natural order” of life and living

3 Jewels to be sought….

• Compassion- awareness of another person’s pain and wanting to relieve it

• Moderation- avoid extremes

• Humility- modest, don’t brag

Legalism

Legalism Beliefs

• Believed that people were bad and needed to be controlled

• Religion wasn’t involved• Believed society needed strict laws• People should be responsible for other

people’s actions. Ex- neighbors and relatives should also be punished

• Scare people into obeying laws

Legalism

• There are 3 parts to Legalism~fa (law)~shi (legitimacy)~shu (arts of the ruler)

Fa (law)

• Laws were written and made public• The laws ran the state the rulers did not• Laws were enforced by strict rewards and

punishments

Shi (legitimacy)

• Keeping order was the first priority• Anyone could rule as long as laws were in

place

Shu-arts of the ruler

• Rulers should not be kind• Being kind leads to failure• They need to be strict otherwise people get

disrespectful and lazy

Confucianism

Confucius and Society

• End of the Zhou Dynasty• Confucius, a man, felt that China was full of

rude, dishonest people• He wanted people to return to having good

ethics

Confucius's rules for Families

• Fathers should be role models for family• Children should respect and obey their

parents• Families should be loyal to one another

Confucius’ Rules for Government

• Do not have strict laws• Have leaders be good role models for morals

and behavior• King should inspire good behavior- not scare

people into good behavior

Confucius Proverbs

• A man who has committed a mistake and doesn't correct it is committing another mistake.

• Our greatest glory is not in never falling, but in rising every time we fall.

• Real knowledge is to know the extent of one's ignorance.

Confucius Teachings

• Confucius traveled all over teaching his ideas• His teachings were put into a book called The

Analects• Confucianism is meant to guide behavior

Activity

1. You know that you are failing a class. If your parents find out, you will be in trouble. How do you handle this situation?

2. Your friend tries to get you to start smoking. How do you handle this situation?

Activity (cont.)3. A student has just found $20 in the hall. What

should they do?4. A student's parents have just spent a lot of

money on a new outfit. The student has been playing around and has gotten ink all over it. What should they tell their parents, or should they?

5. A student really likes a new student in school, but all the other students are making fun of the new student's clothes. How should the first student act?

Activity (cont.)

6. A student knows that an older brother or sister is cheating on tests. How should the student act?

7. A student sees an opportunity to take something they have really wanted, without being caught. How should that student act?

Confucianism 1. Inform parents. Apologize for not living up to standards expected; promise to try and do better

2. Inform whoever was smoking that their behavior was wrong, report this action to the principal, avoid these people until they corrected their wrong doing.

7. Would not take it. It's against the rules.

Taoism1. Not worry about it and hope the problem will go away. (Taoists more probably would try to recognize why they are failing, and do something to change their behavior if it would make them happier.)

2. Announce pleasantly that smoking would make them unhappy because its bad for your health.

7. Would not take it. They would have feelings about it that might complicate their life.

Legalism1. Inform parents, expect and accept punishment.

2. Inform the principal.

7. Would not take it. It's against the law.

Time to make up you own situations

• Create 5 new situations • Ask your classmates how they would react in

each situation• Write down their responses in complete

sentences • Determine which philosophy each would fall

under• BE PREPARED TO SHARE!!!

• HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT: – Ask a member of your family how and why

they would respond if facing the situations you created in class. Write down your responses in complete sentences. Thank your family for their help. Privately, try to determine if their response and their reason for that response would best fit the expected behavior of a Taoist, a Confucianist, or a Legalist.