Warm Up1. What is living space for the Germans called?2. What 2 countries does Germany ally with?3. Explain Blitzkrieg:4. What is the concrete fortress between

France and Germany?5. The Germans defeat what country June 21st?6. What is Vichy France?

Warm Up WWII 3 & 41. Who is the leader of Great Britain?2. London is bombed for how many nights straight?3. For Germany what does not work in the Russian

cold?4. What happened Dec 7,1941?5. When do we declare war on Japan?6. Who declares war on the US?7. Explain the Bataan Death March:

WORLD WAR II

ALLIED INVASIONS

Unique Weapons of WWII

• Amphibious Tanks• Rockets• Flying Saucers!!

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kowjlqwy5XA

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=noKm-3fGcYU&feature=related

War in Africa• Fighting begins in Africa in 1940 when Italian

forces based in Libya attacked British-controlled Egypt– Italy wants an African empire– The British need to protect the Suez Canal, since it was

the shipping route to the oil fields of the Middle East– The British eliminate the Italian threat and even

invade Libya – the Italians were now on the defensive• Feb. 1941 – 30,000 British soldiers capture 130,000

Italian prisoners, gain 500 miles• Only lost 500 men and Ethiopia is freed

• Hitler steps in and sends the Desert Fox– The new German and Italian force was called the

Afrika Korps and was led by General Erwin Rommel• He pushes the British out of Libya and back into

Egypt• Rommel and the British go back and forth

– The Afrika Korps lacks supplies – Rommel is outnumbered and has less fire power

– Battle of El Alamein (Oct. 1942)• British General Montgomery takes advantage of

Rommel’s supply problems• Rommel retreats 2,000 miles

• Operation Torch – the Allied Invasion of Africa– Stalin wants the Allies to invade Europe to open up a

second front• The U.S. and especially the British decide to invade

Africa instead– Nov. 1942 – three amphibious landings in the French

colonies of Algeria, Tunisia, and Morocco• Led by American general Dwight Eisenhower• Landed with 107,000 Allied troops and the Vichy-

controlled colonies soon joined• As a result, Germany occupies all of France

– Rommel is in trouble, has Allied forces to the east and west

• Rommel goes to Berlin to plead for more troops and weapons

– May 1943 the Afrika Korps surrenders and the war in Africa is over• 250,000 Axis soldiers taken prisoner and the Allies

control all of North Africa

Invasion of Italy• Known as Operation Husky (June 1943)– The Allies invade the island of Sicily first– The Italians remove Mussolini from power • Italy leaves the war in September• Sicily is captured a few weeks later

– The Allies next invade mainland Italy• Germany sends Rommel to defend northern Italy• German resistance slows the Allies• They reach Rome by May 1944• Don’t gain total control of Italy until five days

before Germany surrenders

Battle of the Atlantic and Berlin• Battle of the Atlantic– Germany relied once again on U-boats since they

couldn’t match the battleships of Great Britain• The German U-boat fleet consisted of 400 subs• They fought in wolf packs for protection• Sank 2,452 merchant ships and 174 warships at a

cost of thousands of lives and millions of dollars– Eventually the Allies won control of the Atlantic• Better-equipped convoys that hunted and

destroyed the U-boats• Allies had broken the German code, knew the

location of the U-boats

• Battle of Berlin– November 1943 to spring 1944• Allies bomb Berlin and other cities• Also bomb railways and infrastructure in France

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=szTGXeLk2Jg&feature=mfu_in_order&list=UL

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nJVcRqqfdbs&feature=related

Tehran Conference• Nov. 1943 – meeting of the Allied Powers– Main issue was the plan to launch the cross-channel

invasion– Decide to create the United Nations to replace the

failed League of Nations• Would be dominated by Britain, U.S., the Soviet

Union, and France

Invasion of France• American generals Eisenhower and Marshall are

put in charge– Assemble and train troops, also develop specialized

equipment to transport troops and tanks across the channel

– Fake out Hitler – complex plan to mislead Hitler about where the invasion would take place• Hitler doesn’t know where the attack will happen,

sends Rommel to defend the coast of several nations• Rommel builds the Atlantic Wall

• D-Day June 6, 1944– Operation Overlord – Allied forces invade France– 150,000 troops land on the beaches of Normandy

and force their way through German defenses– High amount of casualties, but D-Day was a huge

victory • With the beaches secured, more Allied troops sent in– 1 million soldiers in France by the end of June– The Allies quickly reconquered most of France and

Paris is freed in August

Battle of the Bulge• Dec. 1944 – the Germans launch a massive

counterattack in Belgium– The Germans advance, creating a bulge in the Allied

battle lines– By Jan. 1945 the Allies regain the land and crush the

German offensive• Within two months the Allied forces had crossed the

Rhine River into Germany and were racing towards Berlin

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gZgKo46X8CI

Allied InvasionsAllies Code Who does HitlerInvade Name send to defend

Warm Up WWII 5 & 6

1. Island hopping: 2. Turning point in the war in the pacific:3. What country wants an African Empire?4. Who is the German general in Africa?5. American general in Africa:6. Allied invasion of Africa is called?7. Operation Husky invades what country?8. How does the US defeat German U boats?

Warm Up1. Who is the leader of Great Britain?2. London is bombed for how many nights straight?3. What stops the German advance?4. What happened Dec 7,1941?5. When do we declare war on Japan?6. When do we declare war on Germany and Italy?7. Operation Husky invades what country?