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WARM UP #116Monday, February 11, 2013

COMPLEMENTS

A complement is a word or group of words that completes the meaning begun by the subject and verb.

Four kinds: direct objects, indirect objects, predicate nominatives, and predicate adjectives

Two are affected by the action of the verb

Predicate nominatives and predicate adjectives are both called subject complements.

DIRECT OBJECTS

The direct object receives the action expressed by the verb or names the result of the action.

Examples:1. She drank the soda.2. I signed the check.

INDIRECT OBJECTS

Indirect objects precede the direct object and tell to whom or what or for whom or what the action of the verb is done.

Examples:1. My mom gave me a present.2. Bob sent us the memo on Thursday.

SUBJECT COMPLEMENTS

A subject complement is a word which follows a linking verb and refers to (explains or describes) the subject.

Two kinds: predicate nominatives and predicate adjectives

PREDICATE NOMINATIVES

Predicate nominatives are nouns or pronouns.

Examples:1. She is a secretary.2. It was him.

PREDICATE ADJECTIVES

Predicate adjectives are adjectives which modify the subject.

Examples:1. She is pretty.2. My dog is lazy.

COMPLEMENTS

Complements

Direct Objects

IndirectObjects

Subject Complements

Predicate Nominatives

Predicate Adjectives

THE OBJECT OF THE PREPOSITION

Prepositions often begin prepositional phrases.

To complete the phrase, the preposition usually teams up with a noun,pronoun, or gerund, or the object of the preposition.

Here are some examples:

THE OBJECT OF THE PREPOSITION

At noonAt = preposition; noon = noun or

the object of the preposition.Behind themBehind = preposition; them = pronoun

or the object of the preposition.Without sneezingWithout = preposition;sneezing =

gerund or theobject of the preposition.

DO. =DIRECT OBJECT I.O. =INDIRECT OBJECT P.N. =PREDICATE NOMINATIVE O.P. =OBJECT OF PREPOSITION P.A. PREDICATE ADJECTIVE

ACT I

Beware the ides of March.

Vexed I am of late with passions of some difference, conceptions only proper to myself, which give some soil, perhaps, to my behaviors ...

Calpurnia's cheek is pale, and Cicero looks with such ferret and such fiery eyes as we have seen him in the Capitol, being crossed in conference by some senators.

Who offered him the crown?

DO. =DIRECT OBJECT I.O. =INDIRECT OBJECT P.N. =PREDICATE NOMINATIVE O.P. =OBJECT OF PREPOSITION P.A. PREDICATE ADJECTIVE

ACT I

Beware the ides of March. – D.O.

Vexed I am of late with passions of some difference, conceptions only proper to myself, which give some soil, perhaps, to my behaviors ... P.A.

Calpurnia's cheek is pale, and Cicero looks with such ferret and such fiery eyes as we have seen him in the Capitol, being crossed in conference by some senators. P.A.

Who offered him the crown? I.O.

ACT II

Get me a taper in my study, Lucius.

Know I these men that come along with you?

But it is doubtful yet whether Caesar will come forth today or no; for he is superstitious grown of late ...

Cowards die many times before their deaths; the valiant never taste of death but once.

DO. =DIRECT OBJECT I.O. =INDIRECT OBJECT P.N. =PREDICATE NOMINATIVE O.P. =OBJECT OF PREPOSITION P.A. PREDICATE ADJECTIVE

ACT II

Get me a taper in my study, Lucius. I.O.

Know I these men that come along with you? O.P.

But it is doubtful yet whether Caesar will come forth today or no; for he is superstitious grown of late ... P.A.

Cowards die many times before their deaths; the valiant never taste of death but once. D.O.

DO. =DIRECT OBJECT I.O. =INDIRECT OBJECT P.N. =PREDICATE NOMINATIVE O.P. =OBJECT OF PREPOSITION P.A. PREDICATE ADJECTIVE

NOUN (N) PRONOUN (PN) VERB (V) ADJECTIVE (ADJ) ARTICLE (A) ADVERB (ADV) PREPOSITION (PREP OR P) CONJUNCTION (C) INTERJECTION (I)

PN V A ADJ ADJ N P N C A N V

It was a bright cold day in April, and the clocks were

striking thirteen. Winston Smith slipped quickly

through the glass doors of Victory Mansions, though

not quickly enough to prevent a swirl of gritty dust

from entering along with him.

NOUN (N) PRONOUN (PN) VERB (V) ADJECTIVE (ADJ) ARTICLE (A) ADVERB (ADV) PREPOSITION (PREP OR P) CONJUNCTION (C) INTERJECTION (I)

It was one of those pictures, which are so contrived that the eyes follow you about

when you move. BIG BROTHER IS

WATCHING YOU, the caption beneath it ran.

TOMORROW:

-Quiz over parts of speech and complements

-Think about which classes you will be taking in the fall