VulcanicityF.2 Geography

Lesson

ContentsThe formation of a volcano

Types of volcanoes

The distribution of volcanoes

The hazards and benefits of vulcanicity

Questions

Activity: Making a paper volcano model

The formation of volcanoes

Magma beneath the crust forces its way to the lines of weakness

Line of weakness

The formation of volcanoes

Layers of lava

Magma

The magma reaches the Earth’s surface through the lines of weakness which is then called lava

Lava cools and forms hill called volcano

Now, you can take a look at the whole process(automatic animation) once

again.

Types of Volcanoes

~extinct

~dormant

~active

Extinct Volcanoes

-Volcanoes which haven't erupted since recorded history and show no signs of ever erupting.

Types of Volcanoes

e.g. Kohala, Hawaii

Dormant Volcanoes-Volcanoes that have not erupted in historic time but probably will erupt again.

e.g. Mauna Kea, Hawaii

Types of Volcanoes

Active Volcanoes

-Volcanoes that have erupted in historic time.-e.g. Mount St. Helens

Hualalai

Types of volcanoes

North America

SouthAmerica

Asia

Australasia

AfricaPacific Ocean

Atlantic Ocean

Indian Ocean

Do you know where do my friends live? My friends live all over the WORLD!!

Click here to continue.

ASIAASIAMt. Fuji

A dead volcano

Japan's highest and most noted volcano

Its growth began with a period of voluminous lava flows from 11,000 to 8,000 years before present (BP)

The last eruption in 1707 ejected andesitic pumice and formed a large new crater on the east flank.

North AmericaNorth America

Mt. Adams

a dormant volcano

one of the largest volcanoes in the Cascade Range

Mt. Krakatoa

an active volcano

the eruption in 1983 caused a large damage on human lives and property.

frequent eruptions since 1927

AUSTRALASIAAUSTRALASIA

South AmericaSouth AmericaMt. Cotopaxi

one of the most active in the world

most well-known volcano

the most violent historical eruptions took place in 1744, 1768, and 1877.

The last significant eruption took place in 1904.

AfricaAfricaMt. Etna

an extinct volcano

has the world's longest documented record of historical volcanism

Historical lava flows cover much of the surface

The hazards of vulcanicity1. Release of poisonous gases1. Release of poisonous gases

Photos showing the emission of poisonous gases from the volcanoes.

The hazards of vulcanicity

2. Fire hazards2. Fire hazards

A photo of a fire hazard caused by volcanic eruption in the Philippines, 1995.

The hazards of vulcanicity

3. Destruction of forests and farmlands3. Destruction of forests and farmlands

Forests were destructed by the eruption of volcanoes in Malaysia.

The hazards of vulcanicity

4. Earthquakes4. Earthquakes

Destructions caused by earthquake

I’m very powerful!! I’m very powerful!! hehehehe

The hazards of vulcanicity

5. Tsunamis5. Tsunamis

Tsunami in Hawaii in 1906

Oh! Very terrible!!Oh! Very terrible!!

The benefits of vulcanicity

1. Tourist Attractions1. Tourist Attractions

Beautiful Fuji (above) and Aso volcano (right)

2. Fertile soil2. Fertile soil

The benefits of vulcanicity

Basic lava gives fertile soil.

The benefits of vulcanicity

3. Mineral deposits3. Mineral deposits

Volcanic rocks contain mineral deposits

sulphur

goldcopper

4. Geothermal Electricity4. Geothermal Electricity

The benefits of vulcanicity

A power-generating plant using geothermal energy

Hey, here comes the question time!

1. Which of the following types of volcanoes

can erupt ?

I. extinct volcanoes

II. dormant volcanoes

III. active volcanoes

A. I only.

B. III only

C. II and III.

D. All of them

2. Which of the following countries lie

within volcanic belt?

I. Japan

II. The Philippines

III. England

IV. Indonesia

A. I only.

B. I, II, IV.

C. None of them.

D. All of them.

3. Which of the following substances will be

emitted during volcanic eruption?

I. Water vapours.

II. Poisonous gases.

III. Lava.

IV. Mineral substances.

A. III only.

B. II and III.

C. I, II and III.

D. All of them.

4. Which of the following hazards are

associated with volcanic activities?

I. Typhoons

II. Earthquakes

III. Drought

IV. Landslides

A. II only.

B. IV only.

C. II and IV.

D. All of them.

5. Why do people still prefer to live in the

volcanic regions?

I. Scenic spots.

II. Volcanic eruptions are not frequent.

III. Lower population density.

IV. Lava gives fertile soil.

A. III only.

B. I and IV.

C. I, II and IV.

D. All of them. Click here to continue.

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Click here to have a closer view

Activity: Making a paper volcano model

Now you all know more

about me and my family. Enjoy your lesson!!

Happy volcano!!!Bye bye…….

Group Member:Group Member:Wan Wing Sze (Tracy) s995978

Chan Ka Ming (Jenny) s996281

Lee Wun Yee (Winnie)s997663

Tang Wing Hang (Andy)s996403

Chan Siu Wun (Betty) s997750