VR - The Historical Context Part 1

VR - The Historical ContextVR - The Historical ContextPart 1Part 1

Rudy Darken & Michael ZydaRudy Darken & Michael Zyda

Naval Postgraduate SchoolNaval Postgraduate School

{ Darken, Zyda }@cs.nps.navy.mil{ Darken, Zyda }@cs.nps.navy.mil

Rudy Darken & Michael ZydaRudy Darken & Michael Zyda

Naval Postgraduate SchoolNaval Postgraduate School

{ Darken, Zyda }@cs.nps.navy.mil{ Darken, Zyda }@cs.nps.navy.mil

OverviewSensoramaSensorama

Ivan SutherlandIvan Sutherland

University of North Carolina at Chapel HillUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

MITMIT

NASA Ames Research CenterNASA Ames Research Center

VPLVPL

Others...Others...

SensoramaSensorama

Ivan SutherlandIvan Sutherland

University of North Carolina at Chapel HillUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

MITMIT

NASA Ames Research CenterNASA Ames Research Center

VPLVPL

Others...Others...

Stereo Imagery

Sensorama

Morton L. HeiligMorton L. Heilig

• An early attempt (1958 An early attempt (1958 or 1962) to build a full or 1962) to build a full sensory experiencesensory experience

Morton L. HeiligMorton L. Heilig

• An early attempt (1958 An early attempt (1958 or 1962) to build a full or 1962) to build a full sensory experiencesensory experience

Ivan Sutherland

The First Head-Mounted The First Head-Mounted DisplayDisplay

• Developed at Harvard in the Developed at Harvard in the 1960’s1960’s

• Consisted of 2 miniature CRT’s Consisted of 2 miniature CRT’s mounted at the side of the mounted at the side of the user’s head plus an optics user’s head plus an optics system.system.

The First Head-Mounted The First Head-Mounted DisplayDisplay

• Developed at Harvard in the Developed at Harvard in the 1960’s1960’s

• Consisted of 2 miniature CRT’s Consisted of 2 miniature CRT’s mounted at the side of the mounted at the side of the user’s head plus an optics user’s head plus an optics system.system.

Ivan Sutherland• Sutherland also Sutherland also

developed early head developed early head tracking technology - tracking technology - one system based on one system based on ultrasound and another ultrasound and another based on a mechanical based on a mechanical linkage attached to the linkage attached to the user’s head. user’s head.

• Sutherland also Sutherland also developed early head developed early head tracking technology - tracking technology - one system based on one system based on ultrasound and another ultrasound and another based on a mechanical based on a mechanical linkage attached to the linkage attached to the user’s head. user’s head.

MIT “Put That There” (1983)

A voice recognition, A voice recognition, and hand gesture-and hand gesture-based (with based (with Polhemus) large Polhemus) large screen command screen command room.room.

• ACM SIGGRAPH Video ACM SIGGRAPH Video Review Vol. 13, Entry 4.Review Vol. 13, Entry 4.

A voice recognition, A voice recognition, and hand gesture-and hand gesture-based (with based (with Polhemus) large Polhemus) large screen command screen command room.room.

• ACM SIGGRAPH Video ACM SIGGRAPH Video Review Vol. 13, Entry 4.Review Vol. 13, Entry 4.

MIT “The Aspen Movie Map” (1983)

A videodisk of the town of Aspen, A videodisk of the town of Aspen, Colorado was constructedColorado was constructed

The videodisk allowed the user to walk The videodisk allowed the user to walk around the town and make decisions at around the town and make decisions at intersections as to which way to go. Some intersections as to which way to go. Some buildings could be entered.buildings could be entered.

A videodisk of the town of Aspen, A videodisk of the town of Aspen, Colorado was constructedColorado was constructed

The videodisk allowed the user to walk The videodisk allowed the user to walk around the town and make decisions at around the town and make decisions at intersections as to which way to go. Some intersections as to which way to go. Some buildings could be entered.buildings could be entered.

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

WalkthroughWalkthrough

Pixelplanes/PixelFlowPixelplanes/PixelFlow

Force Feedback, Force Feedback, NanomanipulatorNanomanipulator

Optical ceiling trackerOptical ceiling tracker

WalkthroughWalkthrough

Pixelplanes/PixelFlowPixelplanes/PixelFlow

Force Feedback, Force Feedback, NanomanipulatorNanomanipulator

Optical ceiling trackerOptical ceiling tracker

UNC Walkthrough - Fred Brooks

UNC’s usage of the term virtual UNC’s usage of the term virtual world dates from about 1986 and world dates from about 1986 and the 1986 Workshop on the 1986 Workshop on Interactive 3D Graphics put on Interactive 3D Graphics put on by UNC.by UNC.

• One of the papers that Brooks One of the papers that Brooks presented at that conference is one on presented at that conference is one on their first cut at a walkthrough system.their first cut at a walkthrough system.

UNC’s usage of the term virtual UNC’s usage of the term virtual world dates from about 1986 and world dates from about 1986 and the 1986 Workshop on the 1986 Workshop on Interactive 3D Graphics put on Interactive 3D Graphics put on by UNC.by UNC.

• One of the papers that Brooks One of the papers that Brooks presented at that conference is one on presented at that conference is one on their first cut at a walkthrough system.their first cut at a walkthrough system.

UNC Walkthrough - Fred Brooks• The goal of that work was to build an architectural The goal of that work was to build an architectural

model of their new building in sufficient detail that model of their new building in sufficient detail that the model could be used for planning/redesign the model could be used for planning/redesign purposes.purposes.

• The 3D model constructed was then used as a The 3D model constructed was then used as a testbed for the study of how one could program an testbed for the study of how one could program an algorithm in software that could minimize the algorithm in software that could minimize the polygon flow through the slow graphics pipeline then polygon flow through the slow graphics pipeline then available to them.available to them.

• The goal of that work was to build an architectural The goal of that work was to build an architectural model of their new building in sufficient detail that model of their new building in sufficient detail that the model could be used for planning/redesign the model could be used for planning/redesign purposes.purposes.

• The 3D model constructed was then used as a The 3D model constructed was then used as a testbed for the study of how one could program an testbed for the study of how one could program an algorithm in software that could minimize the algorithm in software that could minimize the polygon flow through the slow graphics pipeline then polygon flow through the slow graphics pipeline then available to them.available to them.

UNC Walkthrough - Fred Brooks• The early system ran about 1 frame per second but The early system ran about 1 frame per second but

the paper Brooks generated for that symposium the paper Brooks generated for that symposium raised a lot of interesting questions and pointed a raised a lot of interesting questions and pointed a number of people in the right direction for the VW number of people in the right direction for the VW work to come.work to come.

• The early system ran about 1 frame per second but The early system ran about 1 frame per second but the paper Brooks generated for that symposium the paper Brooks generated for that symposium raised a lot of interesting questions and pointed a raised a lot of interesting questions and pointed a number of people in the right direction for the VW number of people in the right direction for the VW work to come.work to come.

UNC Hardware Efforts

PixelPlanes-4 (1989)PixelPlanes-4 (1989)

• 25,000 polys/second25,000 polys/second


• 1M polys/second1M polys/second

PixelFlow (1997)PixelFlow (1997)



• 25,000 polys/second25,000 polys/second



PixelFlow (1997)PixelFlow (1997)


PixelFlow - Renderers & Compositors

PixelFlow Overview

PixelFlow Pics

UNC Nanomanipulator

NanomanipulatorNanomanipulatorNanomanipulatorNanomanipulator

UNC Tracking Project

UNC Video Selections• ACM SIGGRAPH Video ACM SIGGRAPH Video

Review 43, 1989, Entry 11: Review 43, 1989, Entry 11: UNC Computer Graphics UNC Computer Graphics Sampler ’89 - Fuchs/UNC.Sampler ’89 - Fuchs/UNC.

• ACM SIGGRAPH Video ACM SIGGRAPH Video Review 51, 1989, Entry 25: Review 51, 1989, Entry 25: The Virtual Lobby - John The Virtual Lobby - John Rohlf/UNC. Note: This video Rohlf/UNC. Note: This video is a repeat of the material in is a repeat of the material in Video 43/Entry 11 above.Video 43/Entry 11 above.

• ACM SIGGRAPH Video ACM SIGGRAPH Video Review 43, 1989, Entry 11: Review 43, 1989, Entry 11: UNC Computer Graphics UNC Computer Graphics Sampler ’89 - Fuchs/UNC.Sampler ’89 - Fuchs/UNC.

• ACM SIGGRAPH Video ACM SIGGRAPH Video Review 51, 1989, Entry 25: Review 51, 1989, Entry 25: The Virtual Lobby - John The Virtual Lobby - John Rohlf/UNC. Note: This video Rohlf/UNC. Note: This video is a repeat of the material in is a repeat of the material in Video 43/Entry 11 above.Video 43/Entry 11 above.

• ACM SIGGRAPH Video ACM SIGGRAPH Video Review 62, 1990, Entry 19: Review 62, 1990, Entry 19: Artificial Reality at UNC Artificial Reality at UNC Chapel Hill - Warren Chapel Hill - Warren Robinett/UNC.Robinett/UNC.

• ACM SIGGRAPH Virtual ACM SIGGRAPH Virtual Reality Applications Reality Applications Gallery, Jury Reel ’91.Gallery, Jury Reel ’91.

• ACM SIGGRAPH Video ACM SIGGRAPH Video Review 62, 1990, Entry 19: Review 62, 1990, Entry 19: Artificial Reality at UNC Artificial Reality at UNC Chapel Hill - Warren Chapel Hill - Warren Robinett/UNC.Robinett/UNC.

• ACM SIGGRAPH Virtual ACM SIGGRAPH Virtual Reality Applications Reality Applications Gallery, Jury Reel ’91.Gallery, Jury Reel ’91.

UNC Video Selections• ACM SIGGRAPH Video ACM SIGGRAPH Video

Review 96, 1993, Entry 6: Review 96, 1993, Entry 6: The Nanomanipulator.The Nanomanipulator.

• SIGGRAPH 97?SIGGRAPH 97?

• ACM SIGGRAPH Video ACM SIGGRAPH Video Review 96, 1993, Entry 6: Review 96, 1993, Entry 6: The Nanomanipulator.The Nanomanipulator.

• SIGGRAPH 97?SIGGRAPH 97?

Documents

VR - The Historical Context Part 1