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Vocabulary

1. Choose the correct answer to show you have understood the meaning of the words in italics.

1. The dodo bird was wiped out over a hundred years ago. There are none / many living today.

2. She took a short cut, so she arrived early / late.

3. Someone used up the milk, so we have to / don’t have to buy some more.

4. It’s easy to avoid doing things that are fun / unpleasant.

5. I often have nightmares of being in a fire / at a party.

6. There was a lot of debris on the road / radio.

2. The following sentences don’t make sense. Make them logical by replacing the words and phrases in bold with the correct word or phrase in bold from a different sentence.

1. Carbon footprint is the gas we breathe out of our lungs. ………………………

2. After the long landfill, I was happy to see land again. ………………………

3. Wild animals devoted these islands long before we did. ………………………

4. The renewable energy is responsible for climate change worldwide. ………………………

5. This voyage will soon be full of trash. ………………………

6. Solar heat is a form of carbon dioxide. ………………………

7. Susan has inhabited a lot of time to the organisation. ………………………

8. I’m trying to reduce my greenhouse effect. ………………………

3. Replace the words or phrases in bold with a suitable word below.

banned • logging • inhabit • belly • litter • ingest

1. Sam says his stomach has been hurting all day. ………………………

2. Elephants consume large quantities of food. ………………………

3. Will people live on the moon one day? ………………………

4. The use of chemical products is not allowed in our shop. ………………………

5. Cutting down trees is endangering many species of monkeys in India. ………………………

6. Look at all the rubbish people left in the park after the concert. ………………………

4. Complete the passage with the words and phrases below.

harmful • pollution • destroys • amount • environmentally friendly • cut down

People are always looking for ways to save our planet and now, even using a washing machine can be 1. ……………………… . The Wellos Laundry Washing Ball, a small device, enables you to wash your clothes without any 2. ……………………… of soap. The Wellos Laundry Washing Ball not only washes clothes well, but it also 3. ……………………… the germs and other 4. ……………………… elements in the water. You can also 5. ……………………… the quantity of water you use, because you don’t need to wash any soap out of your clothes. And

the best part is that it reduces water 6. ……………………… . Water that leaves your washing machine is clean and can

be used to irrigate the garden.

5. Use the correct form of a phrasal verb below to complete the sentences.

break down • bring up • pick up

1. Harry said he would ……………………… me ……………………… on his way to the party.

2. Some people can ……………………… a foreign language just by hearing it.

3. I hope he doesn’t ……………………… that issue again.

4. The air conditioner has ……………………… again. Please phone the technician.

5. Denise was ……………………… in a big city, so she finds country life too quiet.

6. Let’s ……………………… the task into sections.

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6. Decide if the following sentences are true (T) or false (F). Correct the false sentences.

.... 1. If someone is a breath of fresh air, people are happy to see them.

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.... 2. A down to earth person is difficult to be with.

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.... 3. A person who makes waves causes problems.

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.... 4. When a person vanishes into thin air, nobody knows where he / she is.

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.... 5. If the sky’s the limit for you in a shop, you haven’t got a lot of money to spend.

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Grammar

1. Complete the sentences with the correct form of a suitable modal or semi-modal. There may be more than one possible answer.

1. You ……………………… drink coffee at night because you’ll have trouble falling asleep.

2. ……………………… you please talk quietly? I’m trying to concentrate.

3. He ……………………… be too far away from us. I saw him a minute ago.

4. I ……………………… get up early because there wasn’t school today.

5. Last year, we ……………………… afford to eat out more, but it’s too expensive this year.

6. There’s a new school rule. We ……………………… bring our mobile phones to class.

7. I ……………………… come to the concert tomorrow, but I’m still not sure.

2. Choose TWO possible answers.

1. I can’t find my car keys. I should have left / must have left / may have left them at home.

2. May I borrow / Should I borrow / Can I borrow your dictionary for a minute, please?

3. You shouldn’t lie / mustn’t lie / couldn’t lie to people.

4. I would have visited / must have visited / could have visited you, but I wanted to call first.

5. You shouldn’t worry / don’t have to worry / can’t worry. I promise I’ll help you.

3. Complete the sentences with a modal or modal perfect, affirmative or negative. Use the modal and verb in brackets.

1. Don’t run so fast. You ………………………… (might / fall) and hurt yourself.

2. We ………………………… (need / catch) the early train. We’ve arrived much too early.

3. Toby came home with an injured knee today. He ………………………… (must / fall off) his bike again.

4. Jenny can’t stop crying. You ………………………… (should / tell) her the sad news.

5. I got to work very late today. I ………………………… (should / take) the short cut.

6. Jane ………………………… (could / find) her winter shoes, so she wore sandals in the park.

7. Ellen isn’t answering her phone. She ………………………… (may / go) on holiday.

8. There’s a light in the window. They ………………………… (must / be) at home.

4. Complete the sentences with the affirmative or negative form of the verbs in brackets. Use should or had better.

1. You broke my window. (pay)

You .......................................................................................................................................... .

2. Dad needs the car at 6 o’clock. (be late)

You .......................................................................................................................................... .

3. There’s a lot of traffic on the motorway. (leave early)

They ........................................................................................................................................ .

4. The food is delicious. (eat)

You .......................................................................................................................................... .

5. Jack is probably sleeping now. (call him)

We ........................................................................................................................................... .

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5. Rewrite the sentences with the words in brackets. Do not change the original meaning of the sentences.

1. It’s possible that they didn’t remember. (might not)

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2. It’s important we don’t forget to lock the door. (mustn’t)

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3. Perhaps they are at home. (might)

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4. It would be a good idea to invite Jason to our party. (should)

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5. Do I have permission to leave the room? (may)

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6. I thought of driving but I decided to walk. (could)

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6. Answer the questions. Make them true for you.

1. What do you have to do at home?

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2. How can you improve your marks?

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3. What might happen at the weekend?

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4. What mistake that you made could have been prevented?

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5. What should you try to do more often?

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