Voting Law Changes: Election Update

7/31/2019 Voting Law Changes: Election Update

1/41

@pgeeke Cgetgp ijp Hwstmcg ktEgv ]jpl Wemygpsmt} Scbjjo ji Okv

yjtmef okv cbkefgs8

gogctmje w~dktg

Vged} Vgmsgp ked Dmkek Lksdke


2/41

K@JWT TBG @PGEEKE CGETGP IJP HWSTMCG

Tbg @pgeeke Cgetgp ijp Hwstmcg kt Egv ]jpl Wemygpsmt} Scbjjo ji Okv ms k eje!~kptmske ~wòmc ~jomc} ked okv

mestmtwtg tbkt ijcwsgs je tbg iwedkagetko msswgs ji dgajcpkc} ked hwstmcg% Jwp vjpl pkefgs ipja yjtmef pmfbts tj

cka~kmfe imekecg pgijpa/ ipja pkcmko hwstmcg me cpmameko okv tj Cjestmtwtmjeko ~pjtgctmje me tbg imfbt kfkmest

tgppjpmsa% K smefwokp mestmtwtmje ~kpt tbmel tkel/ ~kpt ~wòmc metgpgst okv impa/ ~kpt kdyjckc} fpjw~ tbg

@pgeeke Cgetgp cja`megs scbjokpsbm~/ ogfmsoktmyg ked ogfko kdyjckc}/ ked cjaawemcktmjes tj vme agkemefiwo/

agkswpkòg cbkefg me tbg ~wòmc sgctjp%

K@JWT TBG @PGEEKE CGETGPS DGAJCPKC] ^PJFPKA

Tbg @pgeeke Cgetgps Dgajcpkc} ^pjfpka vjpls tj pg~kmp tbg `pjlge s}stgas ji Kagpmcke dgajcpkc}% Vg

gecjwpkfg `pjkd cmtmxge ~kptmcm~ktmje `} ~pjajtmef yjtmef ked cka~kmfe pgijpa% Vg vjpl tj sgcwpg ikmp cjwpts ked

tj kdykecg k Impst Kagedaget hwpms~pwdgecg tbkt ~wts tbg pmfbts ji cmtmxges ejt s~gcmko metgpgsts kt tbg cgetgp

ji jwp dgajcpkc}% Vg cjook`jpktg vmtb fpksspjjts fpjw~s/ kdyjckc} jpfkemxktmjes/ ked fjygpeaget jiimcmkos tj

gomamektg tbg j`stkcogs tj ke giigctmyg dgajcpkc}%

KCLEJVOGDFGAGETS

Tbg @pgeeke Cgetgp fpktgiwoo} kclejvogdfgs tbg Dgajcpkc} Koomkecg ^kptegps/ Gdwcktmjeko Ijwedktmje ji

Kagpmck/ Tbg Pko~b ked Ikee} Goomsje Cbkpmtkòg Tpwst/ Ijpd Ijwedktmje/ Keeg Fwajvmtx/ Mpymef Bkppms

Ijwedktmje/ Tbg Hj}cg Ijwedktmje/ Tbg H^@ Ijwedktmje/ Amtcbgoo Lk~jp Ijwedktmje/ Hjbe D% ked Cktbgpmeg T%

AkcKptbwp Ijwedktmje/ Agptx Fmoajpg Ijwedktmje/ J~ge Sjcmgt} Ijwedktmjes/ Pjclgigoogp Ikamo} Iwed/ tbg Stktg

Meipkstpwctwpg Iwed/ tbg Okvsje Ykogetmeg Ijwedktmje/ tbg Vmoomka @% Vmgegp Hp% Ijwedktmje/ ked Ekec} Ag}gp

ked Akpc Vgmss ijp tbgmp fgegpjws sw~~jpt ji jwp yjtmef vjpl%

Tbms pg~jpt ms tbg hjmet ~pjdwct ji bjwps ji vjpl `} ake} @pgeeke Cgetgp stkii% Me ~kptmcwokp/ vg jvg k ygp} s~gcmko

tbkel }jw tj Gpml J~sko/ ejt jeo} ijp bms tbjwfbtiwo ked tbjpjwfb gdmtmef/ `wt ijp bms meykowkòg kssmstkecg metpkclmef gygp}tbmef tbkt bks bk~~gegd je tbg yjtmef ipjet tbms }gkp/ ked ijp bms k`momt} tj dj ;> tbmefs kt jecg/ ked tj

dj tbga koo vgoo% Pgsgkpcb Kssjcmktg Owc} Xbjw ms jvgd k dg`t ji fpktmtwdg% Tbms pg~jpt cjwod ejt bkyg `gge

cja~ogtgd vmtbjwt bgp gedogss bjwps ji pgsgkpcb ked dpkitmef kssmstkecg ked ma~gcckòg slmoo kt akekfmef tbg ake}

ajymef ~kpts meyjoygd me `pmefmef tbg imeko ~pjdwct tjfgtbgp% S~gcmko tbkel }jw kosj fjgs tj Dgajcpkc} ^pjfpka

kttjpeg} Mke Ykedgvkolgp vbj ~pjymdgd cja~pgbgesmyg/ omfbtemef s~ggd ogfko pgsgkpcb tbpjwfbjwt% Ked tbkel }jw

tj pgsgkpcb kssjcmktgs Kakedk Agomooj ked Ckpsje Vbmtgogajes ijp kddmtmjeko pgsgkpcb ked fgegpko kssmstkecg ked

kttjpeg}s Ymsbko Kfpkbkplkp/ Hjektbke @pktgp/ Dkymd Gkpog}/ Lggsbk Fkslmes/ ked Ogg Pjvoked/ koo ji vbja bgo~gd

vmtb ykpmjws ks~gcts ji tbg pg~jpt je sbjpt jpdgp% Imekoo}/ vg tbkel Amcbkgo Vkodake/ Hgkemeg ôket!Cbmpome/ Dgsmpgg

Pkajs Pgmegp/ ked Hjbe Ljvko/ vbjsg cjetpm`wtmjes/ gecjwpkfgaget/ ked stpktgfmc ymsmje bgo~gd sbk~g tbms pg~jpt%

0>;0%Tbms ~k~gp ms cjygpgd `} tbg Cpgktmyg Cjaajes Kttpm`wtmje!Ej Dgpmys!EjeCjaagpcmko omcgesg "sgg btt~8**cpgktmygcjaajes%jpf-% Mt ak} `gpg~pjdwcgd me mts getmpgt} ks ojef ks tbg @pgeeke Cgetgp ijp Hwstmcg kt E]W Scbjjo ji Okv ms cpgdmtgd/ k omel tj tbg Cgetgps vg` ~kfgs ms ~pjymdgd/ ked ejcbkpfg ms ma~jsgd% Tbg ~k~gp ak} ejt `g pg~pjdwcgd me ~kpt jp me kotgpgd ijpa/ jp mi k igg ms cbkpfgd/ vmtbjwt tbg Cgetgps ~gpamssmje% ôgksg ogt tbg Cgetgplejv mi }jw pg~pmet%


3/41

K@JWT TBG KWTBJPS

Vged} Vgmsgp dmpgcts tbg Dgajcpkc} ^pjfpka kt tbg @pgeeke Cgetgp ijp Hwstmcg kt E]W Scbjjo ji Okv/ k

eje!~kptmske tbmel tkel ked ~wòmc metgpgst okv cgetgp% Sbg ijwedgd ked dmpgctgd tbg cgetgps Yjtmef Pmfbts ked

Gogctmjes ^pjhgct/ cjjpdmektmef omtmfktmje/ pgsgkpcb/ ked kdyjckc} giijpts tj gebkecg ~jomtmcko ~kptmcm~ktmje ked

~pgyget yjtgp dmsgeipkecbmsgaget kcpjss tbg cjwetp}% Bgp vjpl ked tbg vjpl sbg dmpgctgd ~pjtgctgd tbg yjtmef

pmfbts ji bwedpgds ji tbjwskeds ji cmtmxges me 0>>9/ 0>>2/ ked 0>;>%

Sbg bks kwtbjpgd k ewa`gp ji ektmjekoo}!pgcjfemxgd ~wòmcktmjes ked kptmcogs je yjtmef pmfbts ked gogctmje pgijpa;0/ k cja~pgbgesmyg pjwedw~ ji koo stktg ogfmsoktmyg kctmje me

0>;; je yjtmef pmfbts/ ijcwsmef je egv okvs ks vgoo ks stktg ogfmsoktmje tbkt bks ejt }gt ~kssgd jp tbkt ikmogd% Sbg bks

k~~gkpgd je CEE/ Ijr Egvs/ Dgajcpkc} Ejv+/ kedE^Ps Ajpemef Gdmtmje/Koo Tbmefs Cjesmdgpgd/ ked Dmkeg Pgba Sbjv/

kajef jtbgp jwtogts< bgp ~jomtmcko cjaagetkp} bks `gge ~wòmsbgd me tbgEgv ]jpl Tmags/ Pjoo Ckoo/ tbg Bmoo/ Ijpgmfe

Kiikmps/ Bwiimeftje ^jst/ ked gosgvbgpg< ked sbg ms ipg{wgeto} {wjtgd `} tbg Egv ]jpl Tmags/ tbg Vksbmeftje ^jst/ tbg

Ektmjeko Hjwpeko/ ^jomtmcj/ ked jtbgp egvs jwtogts kcpjss tbg cjwetp}% ^pgymjwso}/ sbg dmpgctgd tbg cgetgps Ikmp Cjwpts

^pjhgct/ vbmcb sggls tj ~pgsgpyg k ikmp ked ma~kptmko hwdmcmkp}% Sbg kosj sgpygd ks ke Kdhwect ^pjigssjp kt E]W

Scbjjo ji Okv/ vbgpg sbg tkwfbt tbg @pgeeke Cgetgp ^wòmc ^jomc} Kdyjckc} Comemc%

^pmjp tj hjmemef tbg @pgeeke Cgetgp/ As% Vgmsgp vks k sgemjp kttjpeg} kt EJV Ogfko Dgigesg ked Gdwcktmje Iwed/

vbgpg sbg vjplgd je msswgs ji kccgss tj tbg cjwpts ked djagstmc ymjogecg/ k omtmfktmje kssjcmktg kt ^kwo/ Vgmss/

Pmilmed/ Vbkptje ) Fkppmsje/ ked k okv cogpl tj Hwdfg Gwfgeg B% Emclgpsje me tbg Wemtgd Stktgs Dmstpmct Cjwpt ijp

tbg Gkstgpe Dmstpmct ji Egv ]jpl% Sbg pgcgmygd bgp H%D% ipja ]kog Okv Scbjjo ked bgp @%K% ipja ]kog Cjoogfg%

Dmkek Lksdke sgpygs ks cjwesgo ijp tbg @pgeeke Cgetgps Dgajcpkc} ^pjfpka% Ks ~kpt ji tbg Yjtmef Pmfbts kedGogctmje tgka/ As% Lksdke ijcwsgs je omtmfktmje ked kdyjckc} tj gebkecg ~jomtmcko ~kptmcm~ktmje/ ~pgyget yjtgp

dmsgeipkecbmsgaget/ ked geswpg gogctmje metgfpmt}% Sbg sgpygd ks cjwesgo me tvj cksgs cbkoogefmef tbg 0>;; Iojpmdk

okv tbkt pgstpmctgd yjtgp pgfmstpktmje dpmygs ked pgdwcgd gkpo} yjtmef% Sbg ms kosj tbg kwtbjp ji Stktg Pgstpmctmjes je

Yjtgp Pgfmstpktmje Dpmygs/ k egv pg~jpt tbkt cja~pgbgesmygo} keko}xgs stktg okvs kcpjss tbg cjwetp} tbkt cke aklg mt

bkpdgp ijp cjaawemt} fpjw~s tj gefkfg egv yjtgps me tbg gogctjpko ~pjcgss%

^pmjp tj hjmemef tbg @pgeeke Cgetgp/ As% Lksdke vks k sgemjp stkii kttjpeg} kt tbg KCOW Pg~pjdwctmyg Ipggdja

^pjhgct vbgpg sbg omtmfktgd k ykpmgt} ji cjestmtwtmjeko ked cmymo pmfbts cksgs me igdgpko ked stktg cjwpts kcpjss tbg

cjwetp}% As% Lksdke kosj dgygoj~gd ked ogd tbg ^pjhgct&s ektmjevmdg kdyjckc} cka~kmfe tj ~pjajtg stktg ogfmsoktmje

pgstpmctmef tbg wsg ji pgstpkmets je ~pgfeket meaktgs ked tj ma~pjyg cjppgctmjeko ~jomcmgs pgfwoktmef tbg cjedmtmjesked ckpg ji ~pgfeket vjage%

As% Lksdke fpkdwktgd akfek cwa okwdgipja Egv ]jpl Wemygpsmt} Scbjjo ji Okv vbgpg sbg vks medwctgd metj Tbg

Jpdgp ji tbg Cjmi/ vks ke Kptbwp Fkpimgod Bk} Cmymo Om`gptmgs Igoojv/ k pgcm~mget ji tbg Fgjpfg ^% Ijwol Agajpmko

Kvkpd ijp Dmstmefwmsbgd Scbjokpsbm~ ked tbg Kee ^gtowcl ^jsgs Kvkpd ijp Jwtstkedmef Cjetpm`wtmje tj tbg

Maamfpket Pmfbts Comemc/ ked sgpygd ks k ejtgs gdmtjp ijp tbg E]W Okv Pgymgv% Ijoojvmef okv scbjjo/ As% Lksdke

cogplgd ijp tbg Bjejpkòg Emcbjoks F% Fkpkwims ji tbg Wemtgd Stktgs Dmstpmct Cjwpt ijp tbg Gkstgpe Dmstpmct ji Egv

]jpl%


4/41

Tk`og ji CjeTgeTs

Mtpdwctm ;

M% swaap} tb kwt Ytmf Pmfbt 0

K% Cbkefgs me Stktg Okv 0

@% ^wpfgs ked Cbkoogefgs 7

MM% Tb ^wbcl 6

K% Cmtmxge!OgdPg~gkoGjpts 2

@% Fw`gpektjpmkoYgtjgskedPgsmstkecg 2

;%YjtgpMD =

0%YjtgpPgfmstpktmjekedJtbgpPgstpmctmjes ;>

C% ^wsb`kclmeOgfmsoktwpgs ;>

D% Dg~kptagetjiHwstmcgPgsmstkecg ;;

G% CjwptYmctjpmgs ;0

MMM% Tb Daf D ;6 K% EgvYjtmefPgstpmctmjesmeGgctijp0>;0 ;6 ;%OkvsAklmefMtBkpdgptjPgfmstgptjYjtg ;2

0%YjtgpMD ;2

3%AklmefmtBkpdgptjPgstjpgYjtmefPmfbts ;=

4%PgdwcgdGkpo}YjtmefJ~~jptwemtmgs 0>

@% TbgCjooktgpkoDkakfg8CjeiwsmjekedAmsmeijpaktmje 0>

MY% Tb `tt t Ca 00

K% MetbgCjwpts 00

@% MetbgW%S%Sw~pgagCjwpt 03

C% MetbgStktgbjwsgs 04

Ccwm 07

gdt 09


5/41

YJTMEF OKV CBKEFGS8 GOGCTMJE W^DKTG | ;

METPJDWCTMJE

Jwp ektmje vks ijwedgd je tbg ~pmecm~og tbkt koo age kpg cpgktgd g{wko% Tj iwoimoo tbms ~pjamsg/ jwp yjtmefs}stga sbjwod `g ipgg/ ikmp/ ked kccgssmòg tj koo gomfmòg cmtmxges%

K }gkp kfj/ tbg @pgeeke Cgetgp msswgd k stwd} djcwagetmef tbg pgcget ked k`pw~t pgygpsko ji Kagpmcks ojeftpkdmtmje ji gr~kedmef yjtmef kccgss% Vmtbjwt ektmjeko ejtmcg/ ogfmsoktjps ~pgssgd scjpgs ji egv `moos tbktvjwod aklg mt bkpdgp ijp gomfmòg Kagpmckes tj yjtg% Tbms pg~jpt bgo~gd s~wp awcb!eggdgd ~wòmc scpwtme} jitbgsg okvs ked tbgmp ~jssmòg ma~kct je jwp gogctmjes%

Vg gstmaktgd tbkt tbgsg egv okvs vbmcb mecowdgd jegpjws yjtgp MD okvs/ cwt`kcls tj gkpo} yjtmef/ kedcjaawemt}!`ksgd pgfmstpktmje dpmygs cjwod aklg mt smfemimcketo} bkpdgp ijp ajpg tbke 7 amoomje gomfmògyjtgps tj ckst `koojts me 0>;0% Tbkt ewa`gp pgiogctgd tbg sbggp {wketmt} ked scj~g ji pgstpmctmyg ogfmsoktmjekopgkd} tbge gekctgd me ;4 stktgs%;

Tbg dpmyg tj cwp` yjtmef cjetmewgd `g}jed Jctj`gp% Koo tjod/ smecg Hkewkp} 0>;;/ kt ogkst ;2> `moos vgpgmetpjdwcgd me 4; stktgs% Wotmaktgo}/ 07 egv okvs ked tvj grgcwtmyg kctmjes vgpg kdj~tgd me ;= stktgs% Tbgsgstktgs pg~pgsgetgd 03; gogctjpko yjtgs/ jp 27 ~gpcget ji tbg tjtko eggdgd tj vme tbg ~pgsmdgec}% 0 Tbmskajwetgd tj tbg `mffgst tbpgkt tj yjtmef pmfbts me dgckdgs%

Tjdk}/ tbg pgkomt} ms ygp} dmiigpget/ ked ikp `gttgp ijp yjtgps% Tbg dpkaktmc ektmjeko giijpt tj pgstpmctKagpmckes yjtmef pmfbts vks agt vmtb ke g{wkoo} dpkaktmc ~wsb`kcl `} cjwpts/ cmtmxges/ tbg Dg~kptaget jiHwstmcg/ ked ikpsmfbtgd ~wòmc jiimcmkos%

Vbkt djgs k swpyg} ji tbg okedsck~g jeg vggl `gijpg Gogctmje Dk} 0>;0 ejv sbjv: Stpmlmefo}/

egkpo} koo tbg vjpst egv okvs tj cwt `kcl je yjtmef bkyg `gge òjclgd/ òwetgd/ pg~gkogd/ jp~jst~jegd% Okvs me ;4 stktgs vgpg pgygpsgd jp vgklgegd% Ks k pgswot/ egv pgstpmctmjes vmoo kiigct ikp

igvgp tbke tbg 7 amoomje cmtmxges vg ~pgdmctgd okst }gkp% Ijp tbg jygpvbgoamef akhjpmt} ji tbjsg

vbjsg pmfbts vgpg ajst kt pmsl/ tbg k`momt} tj yjtg vmoo ejt `g kt msswg je Ejyga`gp 9tb%

Kt tbg skag tmag/ tbg imfbt vmoo cjetmewg vgoo ~kst Ejyga`gp% Cjwpts vmoo grkameg okvs me Vmscjesme/^gees}oykemk/ ked gosgvbgpg% ^jomtmcmkes vmoo metpjdwcg ajpg `moos tj omamt yjtmef pmfbts% Ajst smfemimcketo}/ tbgW%S% Sw~pgag Cjwpt vmoo omlgo} bgkp tvj akhjp cksgs tbkt cjwod sw`stketmkoo} cwt `kcl je ogfko ~pjtgctmjes ijpyjtgps% Mt bks kopgkd} kfpggd tj bgkp k cbkoogefg/ `pjwfbt `} Kpmxjek/ tbkt cjwod cwp` igdgpko ~jvgp tj ~pjtgctyjtmef pmfbts% Tbg Cjwpt omlgo} vmoo kosj bgkp k cbkoogefg tj Sgctmje 7 ji tbg Yjtmef Pmfbts Kct/ vbmcb bks

~pjyge tj `g k lg} ~pjtgctmje kfkmest dmscpmamektjp} okvs/ mecowdmef ake} ji tbg jegs ~kssgd me 0>;;!;0%

Tbms w~cjamef ogfko `kttog weijods kfkmest tbg `kcldpj~ ji tbg pgcget stpwffog jygp yjtmef pmfbts ked metbg vklg ji k cogkp dgajestpktmje ji tbg ymtko eggd ijp stpjef okvs tj ~pjtgct dgajcpkc}%


6/41

0 | @PGEEKE CGETGP IJP HWSTMCG

M% SWAAKP] JI TBG KSSKWOT JE YJTMEF PMFBTS

K% Cbkefgs me Stktg Okv

Vbkt dmd tbgsg egv pgstpmctmjes ojjl omlg:

Yjtgp MD Okvs8 Tbg ajst cjaaje egv yjtmef okv ~kssgd meemeg stktgs vks tj pg{wmpg yjtgps tjsbjv cgptkme fjygpeaget!msswgd ~bjtj MDs tj yjtg%3 Gygp} stktg kopgkd} bkd sjag ijpa ji yjtgp MDpg{wmpgaget me ~okcg/ kt ogkst ijp egv yjtgps ked jitge ijp koo/ `wt tbgsg okvs vgpg ikp ajpg stpmefget% Tbgsgbmfbo} meiogrm`og ked pgstpmctmyg okvs koojv jeo} sgogct ijpas ji MD/ omlg dpmygps omcgesgs ked eje!dpmygps MDs/vbmcb ;; ~gpcget ji yjtmef!kfg Kagpmckes jp 0; amoomje cmtmxges dj ejt bkyg%4 Stwdmgs kosj aklg cogkp

tbkt tbjsg vmtbjwt ~bjtj MDs kpg dms~pj~jptmjektgo} sgemjps/ Kipmcke!Kagpmckes/ tbg ~jjp/ stwdgets/ jp~gj~og vmtb dmsk`momtmgs% Kajef jodgp yjtgps/ ;2 ~gpcget dj ejt bkyg tbg lmed ji ~bjtj MDs pg{wmpgd `} tbgsgokvs< ijp Kipmcke!Kagpmckes/ 07 ~gpcget< ked ijp ojv!mecjag yjtgps/ ;7 ~gpcget%7 Tbpgg kddmtmjeko stktgs~kssgd egv yjtgp MD pg{wmpgagets/ ko`gmt jegs tbkt kpg ogss pmfmd%


7/41

YJTMEF OKV CBKEFGS8 GOGCTMJE W^DKTG | 3

Djcwagetkp} ^pjji ji Cmtmxgesbm~ Okvs8 Tbpgg stktgs ~kssgd okvs tj pg{wmpg djcwagetkp} ~pjji jicmtmxgesbm~ tj pgfmstgp jp tj yjtg%9 Tbgsg pg{wmpgagets vbmcb kt ogkst 6 ~gpcget ji yjtmef!kfg Kagpmckes djejt bkyg6 ikoo ~kptmcwokpo} bkpd je vjage ked ojv!mecjag cmtmxges% K iwoo jeg!tbmpd ji vjage dj ejt bkygcmtmxgesbm~ djcwagets vmtb tbgmp cwppget ekags ked ;0 ~gpcget ji ojv!mecjag medmymdwkos dj ejt bkyg swcb

~k~gps kykmok`og%2

Okvs Aklmef Yjtgp Pgfmstpktmje Bkpdgp8 Smr stktgs ~kssgd ykpmjws okvs aklmef mt bkpdgp ijp cmtmxges tjpgfmstgp tj yjtg/= `wt tbg ajst cjaaje vgpg pgstpmctmjes je yjtgp pgfmstpktmje dpmygs%;> Ijp grka~og/ meIojpmdk/ ijp k iwoo }gkp/ jegpjws egv pgstpmctmjes je dpmygs sbwt djve fpjw~s omlg tbg Ogkfwg ji VjageYjtgps ked Pjcl tbg Yjtg%Tbgsg dpmygs bkyg bmstjpmckoo} ~ok}gd ke grtpgago} ma~jptket pjog me fgttmef ~gj~ogpgfmstgpgd sj tbg} cke yjtg% Me `jtb 0>>4 ked 0>>2/ bwedpgds ji tbjwskeds ji Iojpmdk yjtgps pgfmstgpgdtbpjwfb dpmygs%;; Jecg tbg egv okv ~kssgd/ ake} ji tbjsg dpmygs fpjwed tj k bkot ked ake} Iojpmdmkes ojst klg} j~~jptwemt} tj smfe w~% Kipmcke!Kagpmcke ked Oktmej cmtmxges vgpg gs~gcmkoo} bwpt% Ektmjekoo}/ tbg}pgfmstgp tbpjwfb dpmygs kt tvmcg tbg pktg ks vbmtgs%;0 Gosgvbgpg/ egv okvs gomamektgd bmfbo}!~j~wokp Gogctmje

Dk} pgfmstpktmje/;3 ked akdg mt bkpdgp ijp ~gj~og vbj bkyg ajygd tj stk} pgfmstgpgd tj yjtg%;4

Okvs Pgdwcmef Gkpo} Yjtmef J~~jptwemtmgs8 Kitgp dgckdgs ji stktgs gr~kedmef gkpo} yjtmef/ ijp tbg impsttmag tbgpg vgpg giijpts kcpjss tbg cjwetp} tj pgdwcg tbms agtbjd ijp gebkecmef yjtmef j~~jptwemtmgs%;7 Imygstktgs cwt `kcl je gkpo} yjtmef/ ked sjag me vk}s tbkt vgpg ajst omlgo} tj aklg mt bkpdgp ijp amejpmtmgs tj fgttj tbg ~joos% Ijp grka~og/ Jbmj ked Iojpmdk `jtb gomamektgd gkpo} yjtmef je tbg Swedk} `gijpg tbg gogctmje k dk} je vbmcb Kipmcke!Kagpmcke ked Oktmej cbwpcbgs jpfkemxgd ygp} swccgssiwo ~gvs tj ~joos dpmygs me 0>>2%


8/41


9/41


@% ^wpfgs ked Cbkoogefgs

Tbg jesokwfbt ji egv okvs vks jeo} tbg stkpt% Ks ogfmsoktmyg sgssmjes vjwed djve/ giijpts ~mclgd w~ tjs}stgaktmckoo} ~wpfg yjtgps ipja tbg pjoos ked cbkoogefg tbg gomfm`momt} ji pgfmstgpgd yjtgps% Tbgsg giijptscjetmewgd me tbg imeko ajetbs ogkdmef w~ tj tbg Ejyga`gp gogctmje/ cpgktmef kddmtmjeko jitge okst!amewtg

ked weijpgsgge kppmgps tj gomfmòg/ pgfmstgpgd cmtmxges%

Kotbjwfb pgfwokp omst akmetgekecg ms ke ma~jptket tjjo ijp akmetkmemef kccwpktg yjtgp pgfmstpktmje omsts/ ikp tjjipg{wgeto}/ kitgp sgcpgtmyg ked mekccwpktg ~wpfg ~pjfpkas/ gomfmòg yjtgps sbjv w~ tj tbg ~joos ked dmscjygptbgmp ekags bkyg `gge pgajygd ipja tbg yjtmef omsts%;2 Igdgpko okv/ tj sjag grtget/ cjestpkmes stktgs omstakmetgekecg kctmymtmgs/ mecowdmef `} ~pjbm`mtmef s}stgaktmc giijpts tj ~wpfg tbg yjtgp pjoos vmtbme => dk}s ji kigdgpko gogctmje%

Cjojpkdj/ Iojpmdk/ ked Tgrks/ kajef jtbgp stktgs/ `gfke tj ma~ogaget okpfg!sckog ~pjfpkas tj pgajygpgfmstgpgd yjtgps me tbg okttgp ~kpt ji 0>;0%;= Tbgsg kttga~ts vgpg vmodo} mekccwpktg ked tbpgktgegd tj tbpjv

tbjwskeds ji gomfmòg cmtmxges jii tbg pjoos%

Me Tgrks/ me Sg~tga`gp 0>;0/ k cjwpt òjclgd k okst!amewtg akssmyg ~wpfg ji egkpo} 2>/>>> yjtgps mdgetmimgd ksdgcgksgd sbjpto} kitgp bwedpgds ji gomfmòg omymef yjtgps pgcgmygd pgajyko ejtmcgs%0> Me Iojpmdk/ Sgcpgtkp} jiStktg Lge Dgtxegp keejwecgd bg bkd k omst ji ajpg tbke ;2>/>>> ~jtgetmko eje!cmtmxges je tbg pjoos/egcgssmtktmef k ~wpfg `gijpg tbg gogctmje% Wedgp fpgktgp scpwtme}/ tbjwfb/ tbkt omst {wmclo} dvmedogd tj hwstigvgp tbke 3/>>> yjtgps tkpfgtgd ijp pgajyko% Vmtbme vggls ji ejtmcgs fjmef jwt tj tbjsg medmymdwkos/ kt ogkst7>> cjeimpagd tbgmp cmtmxgesbm~/ mecowdmef @moo Metgpemcjok/ k =;!}gkp!jod Vjpod Vkp MM ygtgpke vbj vks `jpeme @pjjlo}e% @} tbg tmag Iojpmdk vks djeg pgimemef mts ~wpfg ~pjfpka/ mecowdmef tbg wsg ji k igdgpko dktks}stga/ mt pg~jptgd jeo} k`jwt 0>> ~jtgetmko eje!cmtmxges je tbg pjoos% Tbgsg ekags kpg stmoo `gmef cbgclgd%0;

Tbms ~kttgpe pg~gktgd me Cjojpkdj% Sgcpgtkp} ji Stktg Scjtt Fgssogp memtmkoo} keejwecgd tbgpg vgpg ~jtgetmkoo};;/>>> eje!cmtmxges je tbg pjoos% Tbkt ewa`gp dpj~~gd tj hwst wedgp 4/>>>/ ked tbge djve tj k omst ji jeo};4; ~gj~og%00 Vmtb ogss tbke tvj vggls tj tbg gogctmje/ Fgssogp k`pw~to} keejwecgd bg ijwed ke kddmtmjeko3>> ~jtgetmko eje!cmtmxges%03 Kt tbg skag tmag/ ~pmyktg jpfkemxktmjes mecowdmef Tpwg tbg Yjtg/ Hwdmcmko Vktcb/ked ojcko cmtmxge!ogd fpjw~s bkyg tbpgktgegd jp imogd okvswmts dgakedmef ~wpfmef ji tbg yjtgp pjoos%04

Me kddmtmje tj ~wpfgs/ tbgpg bks `gge ke mecpgksg me aj`momxktmje ji ~jomtmcko fpjw~s tj cbkoogefg yjtgps kt tbg~joos% Me egkpo} gygp} stktg/ ketm{wktgd okvs lejve ks cbkoogefgp okvs koojv ~pmyktg medmymdwkos tj cjetgsttbg gomfm`momt} ji k yjtgp gmtbgp `gijpg jp je Gogctmje Dk}% Tbg fpjvmef wsg ji cbkoogefgp okvs me pgcget }gkpsbks gr~jsgd k`wsg tbkt sw~~pgssgs ked metmamdktgs gomfmòg yjtgps%07 Tbms }gkp/ Tpwg tbg Yjtg ked jtbgp fpjw~s

bkyg keejwecgd okpfg!sckog ~okes tj òkelgt tbg ~joos vmtb cbkoogefgps ked ~joo vktcbgps%09

Mt ms ejt }gt lejvevbgtbgp tbg cwppget cbkoogefgp ~okes vmoo aktgpmkomxg je Gogctmje Dk}% ^kst giijpts bkyg tkpfgtgd cjaawemtmgsji cjojp/ stwdgets/ ked yjtgps vmtb dmsk`momtmgs% Sbjpto} `gijpg tbg 0>>4 ~pgsmdgetmko gogctmje me Jbmj/ ijpmestkecg/ k ojcko ~jomtmcko ~kpt} ~okeegd tj stktmje 3/7>> cbkoogefgps me sgogct yjtmef ~pgcmects% K cjwpt ijwedtbkt wedgp tbms scbgag/ =6 ~gpcget ji impst!tmag yjtgps me akhjpmt}!òkcl ~pgcmects vjwod bkyg gecjwetgpgdcbkoogefgps kt tbg ~joos cja~kpgd tj hwst ;4 ~gpcget ji impst!tmag yjtgps me akhjpmt}!vbmtg ~pgcmects "sgg cbkptje egrt ~kfg-%06 Wedgp scpwtme}/ tbg cjetpjygpsmko ~oke vks k`kedjegd je Gogctmje Dk}%


10/41


Tbkts tbg `kd egvs% Tbg fjjd egvs ms tbkt/ stkptmef me 0>;0/ tbms jygpvbgoamef sgpmgs ji kttkcls je yjtmefimekoo} ckag tj k bkot%


11/41


MM% TBG ^WSB@KCL

Tbg dpkaktmc ektmjeko giijpt tj pgstpmct Kagpmckes yjtmef pmfbts vks agt vmtb ke g{wkoo} dpkaktmc ~wsb`kcl`} cmtmxges/ yjtmef pmfbts fpjw~s "mecowdmef tbg @pgeeke Cgetgp-/ cjwpts/ tbg Dg~kptaget ji Hwstmcg/ kedikpsmfbtgd ~wòmc jiimcmkos% Tbms ~wsb`kcl vks okpfgo} swccgssiwo8 Ks ji tbg dktg ji tbms pg~jpt/ pgstpmctmyg

yjtmef agkswpgs bkyg gge òjclgd jp òwetgd me ;4 stktgs% S~gcmimckoo}/ ijp tbg 0>;0 gogctmjes8

Pgstpmctmyg ~bjtj MD pg{wmpgagets bkyg `gge òjclgd me ^gees}oykemk/ Sjwtb Ckpjomek/ Tgrks/ kedVmscjesme/ ked ygtjgd me Ameegsjtk/ Amssjwpm/ Ajetkek/ Egv Bka~sbmpg/ ked Ejptb Ckpjomek;0%


12/41


Bjv dmd tbms bk~~ge: Tbg ~wsb`kcl bks tklge k ykpmgt} ji ijpas ipja cmtmxge!ogd pg~gko giijpts/ tjfw`gpektjpmko ygtjgs/ tj j`hgctmjes ipja tbg Dg~kptaget ji Hwstmcg/ tj cjwpt cksgs% Tbg ajst smfemimcket òjvtj tbg ajygaget tj pgstpmct yjtmef tbms }gkp bks `gge tbg dpkaktmc stpmef ji ogfko ymctjpmgs `} cmtmxges kedyjtgp kdyjcktgs/ ajsto} me tbg ~kst igv ajetbs%

K% Cmtmxge!Ogd Pg~gko GiijptsMe tvj stktgs/ cmtmxges pkoomgd kpjwed pgigpgedwas tj pg~gko egv yjtmef pgstpmctmjes%

Me Akmeg/ cmtmxges aj`momxgd kfkmest k okv ~kssgd me Hweg 0>;; tj gomamektg tbg stktgs bmfbo} ~j~wokp ~pkctmcgji Gogctmje Dk} pgfmstpktmje/ vbmcb bkd `gge me ~okcg ijp egkpo} ijwp dgckdgs% ^jomtmcko scmgetmsts cpgdmtGogctmje Dk} pgfmstpktmje vmtb mecpgksmef yjtgp twpejwt `} 3 tj 9 ~gpcget%0= Maagdmktgo} kitgp tbg okv ~kssgd/k `pjkd!`ksgd cjkomtmje ji fpjw~s okwecbgd k cka~kmfe tj pg~gko mt ymk `koojt memtmktmyg% Me Sg~tga`gp 0>;;/tbg} swàmttgd cojsg tj 6>/>>> smfektwpgs "vgoo k`jyg tbg 76/066 eggdgd- tj tbg sgcpgtkp} ji stktgs jiimcg tj

{wkomi} tbg agkswpg ijp k ^gj~ogs Ygtj/ k pgigpgedwa ~pjcgss tbkt ~okcgd k pg~gko ji tbg egvo} ~kssgd okvje tbg Ejyga`gp 0>;; `koojt%3> Je Ejyga`gp 2/ 0>;;/ cmtmxges me Akmeg yjtgd 9> ~gpcget tj 4> ~gpcget tjpgstjpg Gogctmje Dk} pgfmstpktmje me tbg stktg%3;

Me Jbmj/ cmtmxges smamokpo} jpfkemxgd tj j~~jsg ke jaem`ws yjtmef `moo tbkt Fjy% Hjbe Lksmcb bkd smfegd metjokv me Hwo} 0>;;% Tbg okv cwt tbg gkpo} yjtmef ~gpmjd/ gomamektgd tbg stktgs dg ikctj skag dk} pgfmstpktmje vggldwpmef tbg gkpo} yjtmef ~gpmjd/ ked `kppgd cjwet} `jkpds ji gogctmje ipja akmomef jwt pgtwpe!~kmd k`sgetgg`koojts jp k~~omcktmjes/ kajef jtbgp tbmefs%30

Hwst kitgp tbg okvs ~ksskfg/ Ikmp Gogctmjes Jbmj/ k cjkomtmje ji okvaklgps/ ok`jp wemjes/ cbwpcb fpjw~s/

yjtmef pmfbts kdyjcktgs/ ked cjecgpegd cmtmxges/ ogd `} ijpagp Dgajcpktmc Sgcpgtkp} ji Stktg Hgeemigp@pweegp/ jpfkemxgd k ~gtmtmje dpmyg tj j~~jsg tbg egv okv% Me Jbmj/ mi k pgigpgedwa tj pg~gko k okv mscgptmimgd ijp tbg `koojt/ tbkt ipggxgs tbg okvs ~pjymsmjes wetmo kitgp tbg gogctmje% Wotmaktgo}/ ijgs swàmttgdajpg tbke 3>6/>>> smfektwpgs< kitgp tbg stktg `jkpd ji gogctmjes ijwed sjag ji tbg smfektwpgs dgimcmget/ tbg}swàmttgd gyge ajpg%33 Me amd!Dgcga`gp 0>;;/ Sgcpgtkp} ji Stktg Hje Bwstgd cgptmimgd tbg pgigpgedwa ijptbg Ejyga`gp 0>;0 `koojt%34

Pg~jptgdo} `gckwsg ji tbg akssmyg aj`momxktmje kpjwed tbg msswg/ je Ak} 2/ 0>;0/ Jbmj okvaklgps yjtgdkojef ~kpt} omegs tj pg~gko tbg egv gogctmje okv%37 "Ji ejtg/ Pg~wòmckes yjtgd tj pg~gko tbgmp jve stktwtg/vbmog Dgajcpkts vketgd tbg pgigpgedwa tj ~pjcggd%- Tbg pgigpgedwa giijpt dmd ejt cjygp/ ked tbg

ogfmsoktwpg dmd ejt pg~gko/ kejtbgp egvo} gekctgd okv tbkt vjwod bkyg cwt tbg stktgs gkpo} yjtmef ~gpmjd kedgomamektgd gkpo} yjtmef tbg vgglged `gijpg tbg gogctmje% Tbkt vks kddpgssgd `} tbg cjwpts/ ks dmscwssgd`gojv%

@% Fw`gpektjpmko Ygtjgs ked PgsmstkecgMe smr stktgs/ fjygpejps ygtjgd pgstpmctmyg yjtmef okvs tbkt bkd `gge ~kssgd `} stktg ogfmsoktwpgs/ ked me jegajpg/ fw`gpektjpmko pgsmstkecg ckwsgd tbg ogfmsoktwpg tj sjitge k egv okv% Fmyge tbg cjesmstget ~kptmske dmymdg


13/41

YJTMEF OKV CBKEFGS8 GOGCTMJE W^DKTG | =

jygp okvs aklmef mt bkpdgp tj yjtg vg djcwagetgd me Yjtmef Okv Cbkefgs me 0>;0/ mt ms ejt swp~pmsmef tbkt kooji tbg ygtjgs me 0>;; vgpg djeg kt tbg bkeds ji Dgajcpktmc fjygpejps% @} 0>;0/ bjvgygp/ ~gpbk~s ks k pgswotji ~wòmc ~pgsswpg/ j~~jsmtmje tj pgstpmctmyg yjtmef okvs bkd s~pgkd `g}jed Dgajcpkts% Me amd!0>;0/ tvjPg~wòmcke fjygpejps ~wsbgd kcl je egv yjtmef pgstpmctmjes/ bkedmef yjtgps kddmtmjeko ymctjpmgs%

;% Yjtgp MD

Me pk~md swccgssmje me Ak} ked Hweg ji 0>;;/ Dgajcpktmc fjygpejps me Ameegsjtk/ Amssjwpm/ Ajetkek/ EgvBka~sbmpg/ ked Ejptb Ckpjomek ygtjgd pgstpmctmyg okvs ~kssgd `} Pg~wòmcke ogfmsoktwpgs tbkt vjwod bkygpg{wmpgd fjygpeaget!msswgd ~bjtj MDs tj yjtg8

Tbg Ajetkek ogfmsoktwpg ~kssgd B%@% ;70 je K~pmo 07/ 0>;;/ ked Fjy% @pmke Scbvgmtxgp ygtjgd mt jeAk} 7/ 0>;;%39

Tbg Ameegsjtk ogfmsoktwpg ~kssgd S%I% 7>= je Ak} 0;/ 0>;;/ ked Fjy% Akpl Dk}tje ygtjgd mt jeAk} 09/ 0>;;%36

Tbg Amssjwpm ogfmsoktwpg ~kssgd S%@% 3 je Ak} 09/ 0>;;/ ked Fjy% Hk} Emrje ygtjgd mt je Hweg ;6/0>;;%32

Tbg Ejptb Ckpjomek ogfmsoktwpg ~kssgd B%@% 37; je Hweg ;9/ 0>;;/ ked Fjy% @gygpo} ^gpdwg ygtjgdmt je Hweg 03/ 0>;;%3=

Tbg Egv Bka~sbmpg ogfmsoktwpg ~kssgd S%@% ;0= je Hweg 2/ 0>;;/4> ked Fjy% Hjbe O}ecb ygtjgd mtje Hweg 06/ 0>;;%4;

Me Egv Bka~sbmpg/ k sgcjed yjtgp MD `moo gygetwkoo} `gckag okv% Mt ms ikp ogss pmfmd tbke tbg jeg jpmfmekoo}~pj~jsgd% Tbg jpmfmeko `moo "S%@% ;0=- vjwod bkyg pg{wmpgd yjtgps tj ~pgsget k ~bjtj MD msswgd `} tbg W%S%fjygpeaget jp tbg stktg ji Egv Bka~sbmpg/ jp k dpmygps omcgesg ipja kejtbgp stktg% Yjtgps vmtbjwt

kccg~tkòg MD vjwod ejt bkyg bkd tbgmp yjtgs cjwetgd weogss tbg} pgtwpegd tj k tjve cogpls jiimcg vmtbmetvj ked k bkoi dk}s ji tbg gogctmje vmtb ke kccg~tkòg ~bjtj MD/ k vkmygp ipja tbg sgcpgtkp} ji stktg/ jp kekiimdkymt ji pgomfmjws grga~tmje% O}ecb ygtjgd tbms `moo/ ks vgoo ks k ogss pgstpmctmyg yjtgp MD `moo "S%@% 02=-metpjdwcgd me tbg ijoojvmef sgssmje%40 Je Hweg 06/ 0>;0/ bjvgygp/ tbg stktg ogfmsoktwpg yjtgd vmtb tvj!tbmpdsakhjpmtmgs tj jygppmdg tbg ygtj ji tbg sgcjed `moo%43

Wedgp tbg egv okv/ Egv Bka~sbmpg cmtmxges sgglmef tj yjtg me ~gpsje me tbg 0>;0 fgegpko gogctmje vmoo ejvbkyg tj sbjv jeg ji k ykpmgt} ji ijpas ji ~bjtj MD mecowdmef k dpmygps omcgesg/ eje!dpmygps MD ckpd/ kW%S% kpagd sgpymcgs MD ckpd/ ked k stwdget MD ckpd jp gosg swàmt ke kiimdkymt ji mdgetmt} kt tbg ~joos%@gfmeemef me Sg~tga`gp 0>;3/ sjag ji tbjsg ijpas ji MD vmoo ej ojefgp `g kccg~tgd/ tbjwfb yjtgps vmtbjwt

kccg~tkòg MDs vmoo stmoo `g kòg tj yjtg k `koojt tbkt vmoo cjwet kitgp grgcwtmef ke kiimdkymt ji mdgetmt}%

Me Ympfmemk/ Pg~wòmcke Fjy% @j` AcDjeegoo swp~pmsgd j`sgpygps `} smamokpo} ~wsbmef `kcl je pgstpmctmygyjtgp MD `moos% Me Akpcb 0>;0/ Ympfmemk okvaklgps ~kssgd S%@% ;44 ked B%@% =/47 vbmcb vjwod bkyg pg{wmpgdyjtgps tj ~pgsget omamtgd ijpas ji ~bjtj MDs kt tbg ~joos% Tbgsg `moos fkyg yjtgps vmtbjwt tbjsg MDs jeGogctmje Dk} jeg dk} tj ~pgsget tbga tj gogctmje jiimcmkos% Pktbgp tbke smfemef tbg `moos metj okv/ je K~pmo =/0>;0/ AcDjeegoo metpjdwcgd sgygpko kagedagets tj sjitge tbg `moos pg{wmpgagets ked pgdwcg tbgmp `wpdgesje yjtgps vmtbjwt MDs% Tj gr~okme bms kctmje/ tbg fjygpejp cmtgd k dgsmpg tj ~pgsgpyg \tbgQ fjko ji ~pgygetmef


14/41

;> | @PGEEKE CGETGP IJP HWSTMCG

moogfko yjtmef vbmog ~pjajtmef yjtgp ~kptmcm~ktmje/ ked aklmef swpg vg dj ejt stked me tbg vk} ji ogfmtmaktgyjtmef ked tj geswpg tbkt tbms ogfmsoktmje cja~omgs vmtb tbg pg{wmpgagets ji tbg Yjtmef Pmfbts Kct ji;=97%49 Tbg ogfmsoktwpg pghgctgd jeg ji tbg fjygpejps ~pj~jsgd kagedagets tj pg{wmpg gogctmje jiimcmkostj cjwet tbg ~pjymsmjeko `koojts ckst `} yjtgps vmtbjwt kccg~tgd MDs mi tbgmp smfektwpgs aktcbgd tbjsg je imogvmtb tbg stktg `wt kdj~tgd tbg pgakmemef kagedagets%46 AcDjeegoo smfegd tbg `moos metj okv je Ak} ;2/

0>;0%42

Wedgp tbg egv okv/ Ympfmemkes vmoo bkyg tj ~pgsget MDs `gijpg yjtmef kt tbg ~joos/ tbjwfb kccg~tkòg MDsmecowdg ejt jeo} ~bjtj MDs `wt kosj k pkefg ji eje!~bjtj MDs/ mecowdmef k Ympfmemk yjtgp pgfmstpktmje ckpdtbkt ms akmogd tj koo pgfmstgpgd yjtgps% Me bms smfemef stktgaget/ AcDjeegoo ~ogdfgd tj geswpg tbkt ej yjtgp msjygpo} `wpdgegd `} tbg ~pjymsmjes mecowdgd me tbms ogfmsoktmje/ ked tj sged gygp} yjtgp me Ympfmemk k ipggyjtgp ckpd % % % tj geswpg tbg} bkyg kt ogkst jeg ijpa ji MD tj `pmef vmtb tbga tj tbg ~joos%4=

0% Yjtgp Pgfmstpktmje ked Jtbgp Pgstpmctmjes

Me tvj stktgs/ fjygpejps ygtjgd `moos tbkt vjwod bkyg akdg mt ajpg dmiimcwot tj pgfmstgp tj yjtg/ kajef jtbgppgstpmctmjes%

Me Ajetkek/ ks me Akmeg/ tbg egv Pg~wòmcke ogfmsoktwpg ~kssgd k `moo je K~pmo 7/ 0>;; tbkt vjwod bkyggomamektgd Gogctmje Dk} pgfmstpktmje me tbg stktg% Dgajcpktmc Fjy% @pmke Scbvgmtxgp ygtjgd tbkt `moo je K~pmo;3/ 0>;;/ ogkymef Gogctmje Dk} pgfmstpktmje me ~okcg%7>

Me Amcbmfke/ je Hwo} 3/ 0>;0/ Pg~wòmcke Fjy% Pmcl Se}dgp ygtjgd sgygpko cjetpjygpsmko `moos tbkt vjwodbkyg akdg mt bkpdgp tj yjtg%7; S%@% 674 sjwfbt tj ma~jsg weegcgsskp} kdamemstpktmyg `wpdges je yjtgppgfmstpktmje dpmygs tbkt vjwod bkyg bka~gpgd fpjw~s sgglmef tj bgo~ pgfmstgp yjtgps%70 S%@% 2>3 vjwod bkyg

pg{wmpgd yjtgps tj kiimpaktmygo} stktg tbg} vgpg cmtmxges `gijpg pgcgmymef tbgmp `koojts kt tbg ~joomef ~okcg/ gygetbjwfb tbg} kopgkd} kiimpagd cmtmxgesbm~ vbge pgfmstgpmef tj yjtg%73 Yjtgps vbj dmd ejt kiimpa tbgmpcmtmxgesbm~ k sgcjed tmag vjwod `g kwtjaktmckoo} cbkoogefgd `} gogctmje jiimcmkos%74 Kosj ygtjgd/ B%@% 7>9;vjwod bkyg pg{wmpgd k pgfmstgpgd yjtgp tj cbgcl k pg~gkt cmtmxge kiimpaktmje `jr vbge k~~o}mef ijp kek`sgetgg `koojt% Ikmowpg tj dj sj vjwod bkyg pgswotgd me tbg yjtgps k`sgetgg `koojt ejt `gmef cjwetgd weogsssbg cjwod s~gcmimckoo} kiimpa bgp cmtmxgesbm~ je Gogctmje Dk}%77

C% ^wsb`kcl me Ogfmsoktwpgs

Tbg ~jomtmcko ~wsb`kcl kfkmest okvs aklmef mt bkpdgp tj yjtg dmd ejt jeo} cjag ipja fjygpejps% Me ake}

stktgs vbgpg pgstpmctmyg yjtmef `moos vgpg gr~gctgd tj ~kss/ cjaawemt} giijpts bgo~gd ~pgyget tbg ogfmsoktwpgipja ~kssmef tbga me tbg impst ~okcg% Jygpkoo/ me 0>;;!;0/ 4; stktgs metpjdwcgd ;2> `moos pgstpmctmef yjtmef%Jeo} 07 ji tbjsg `moos me ;= stktgs gygetwkoo} ~kssgd "ked ake} ji tbjsg bkyg `gge òjclgd smecg-%

Eg`pkslk vks jeg stktg vmtb k swccgssiwo ogfmsoktmyg ~wsb`kcl% Tbgpg/ ogfmsoktjps metpjdwcgd k `moo "O%@% 03=-79tj pg{wmpg yjtgps tj ~pgsget fjygpeaget!msswgd ~bjtj MDs tj yjtg/ ks vgoo ks ke kagedgd `moo tbkt vjwod bkygogt yjtgps kosj ~pgsget k yjtgp pgfmstpktmje ckpd%76 K cjkomtmje ji k~~pjrmaktgo} tvj djxge jpfkemxktmjes/mecowdmef Eg`pkslkes ijp Cmymc Pgijpa ked tbg Eg`pkslk Kssjcmktmje ji Cjwet} Jiimcmkos/ bgod ~pjtgsts ked


15/41

YJTMEF OKV CBKEFGS8 GOGCTMJE W^DKTG | ;;

pkoomgs tj yjmcg tbgmp j~~jsmtmje tj tbg `moo/72 pkmsgd ~wòmc kpfwagets k`jwt tbg egfktmyg ma~kct tbg `moo vjwodbkyg je yjtgps ked je tbg stktgs tpgkswp}/7= ked jtbgpvmsg oj``mgd stktg ogfmsoktjps% Tbg `moo&s `kclgps cjwodejt dgigkt k imom`wstgp/ ikoomef tbpgg yjtgs sbjpt je Akpcb 02/ 0>;0%9>

D% Dg~kptaget ji Hwstmcg Pgsmstkecg

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Tge dk}s oktgp/ tbg Hwstmcg Dg~kptaget msswgd k ogttgp j`hgctmef tj Sjwtb Ckpjomeks egv ~bjtj MD okv wedgpSgctmje 7 ji tbg igdgpko Yjtmef Pmfbts Kct%94 Smecg tbge/ tbg Dg~kptaget kosj bks j`hgctgd tj pgstpmctmyg okvsme Tgrks ked Iojpmdk% Mt bks dgok}gd ked ak} cbkoogefg Amssmssm~~m&s egv okv/ ks vgoo% Me sjag cksgs/ mt pgiwsgdtj ~pgcogkp cbkefgs< me jtbgps/ mt sjwfbt tj òjcl pgstpmctmjes me cjwpt% Me swa/ tbg Dg~kptaget ijpcgiwoo}stg~~gd ijpvkpd tj ~pjtgct yjtgps pmfbts%

Wedgp tbg Yjtmef Pmfbts Kct/ cgptkme stktgs vmtb k bmstjp} ji dmscpmamektmje me yjtmef awst fgt k~~pjyko jp~pgcogkpkecg ipja tbg Dg~kptaget ji Hwstmcg jp k igdgpko cjwpt me Vksbmeftje/ D%C% `gijpgma~ogagetmef ke} cbkefgs tj tbgmp yjtmef okvs jp ~pkctmcgs% Tbg Dg~kptaget/ me twpe/ ms pg{wmpgd tj pgymgv koo

stktg okv cbkefgs swàmttgd tj mt ijp k~~pjyko/ ked tj j`hgct tj tbjsg cbkefgs weogss tbg stktg cke ~pjyg tbg}egmtbgp bkyg tbg ~wp~jsg ejp tbg giigct ji vjpsgemef amejpmtmgs ~jsmtmje vmtb pgs~gct tj tbg ipkecbmsg%

@ksgd je tbg meijpaktmje swàmttgd `}Sjwtb Ckpjomek/ tbg Dg~kptaget pghgctgd mts yjtgp MD okv/ imedmeftbkt eje!vbmtg yjtgps vgpg ikp ajpg omlgo} tbke vbmtg yjtgps tj okcl kccg~tgd MDs%97 Tbms j`hgctmje ~pgygetgdSjwtb Ckpjomeks okv ipja fjmef metj giigct weogss ked wetmo k cjwpt ijwed jtbgpvmsg% Sjje kitgp/ tbg^koagttj Stktg keejwecgd mt vjwod fj tj cjwpt tj imfbt tbg Dg~kptagets dgtgpamektmje ked tj cbkoogefgtbg cjestmtwtmjekomt} ji k lg} ~pjymsmje ji tbg okedakpl Yjtmef Pmfbts Kct%99 Kt tbg Pg~wòmcke ~pgsmdgetmko~pmakp} dg`ktg je Akptme Owtbgp Lmef Dk} tbg egrt ajetb/ Tgrks Fjy% Pmcl ^gpp} ~pkmsgd Sjwtb Ckpjomekijp `gmef kt vkp vmtb tbms igdgpko fjygpeaget jygp tbg Yjtmef Pmfbts Kct ked tbg stktgs yjtgp MD okv%96 Je

Ig`pwkp} 6/ 0>;0/ Sjwtb Ckpjomek imogd k okvswmt sgglmef hwdmcmko ~pgcogkpkecg ji mts yjtgp MD okv/ `wt jamttgdmts tbpgktgegd cbkoogefg tj Sgctmje 7 ji tbg Yjtmef Pmfbts Kct%92 "Tbkt ~pjymsmje vks ejegtbgogss cbkoogefgd`} k ewa`gp ji jtbgp stktgs ked hwpmsdmctmjes%-

Vbmog Sjwtb Ckpjomeks okvswmt vks ~gedmef/ tbg Dg~kptaget j`hgctgd tj egv yjtmef okvs ipja tvj jtbgpstktgs Tgrks ked Iojpmdk `jtb ji vbmcb bkd kosj imogd okvswmts sgglmef tj ~pgcogkp tbgmp okvs wedgp tbgYjtmef Pmfbts Kct% Je Akpcb ;0/ 0>;0/ tbg Dg~kptaget j`hgctgd tj Tgrkss stpmct ~bjtj MD okv je tbgfpjwed tbkt mt dms~pj~jptmjektgo} bkpagd tbg stktgs amejpmt} yjtgps%9= Tbg Dg~kptaget ijwed tbkt/ `ksgd je


16/41

;0 | @PGEEKE CGETGP IJP HWSTMCG

tbg dktk sw~~omgd `} tbg stktg/ `gtvgge 9>4/>>> ked 6=7/>>> pgfmstgpgd Tgrkes okclgd MDs tbkt vjwod bkyg`gge kccg~tgd ijp yjtmef wedgp tbg egv okv/ ked tbkt Oktmejs vgpg `gtvgge 49 ~gpcget ked ;0> ~gpcget ogssomlgo} tbke eje!Bms~kemc yjtgps tj bkyg stktg!msswgd ~bjtj MDs%6>

Me Iojpmdks cksg/ tbg stktg vmtbdpgv mts ~pgcogkpkecg pg{wgst `gijpg imomef mts okvswmt me igdgpko cjwpt%

Ejegtbgogss/ ks ~kpt ji tbg omtmfktmje/ tbg Dg~kptaget vks pg{wmpgd tj tklg k ~jsmtmje je vbgtbgp tbg yjtmefokv cbkefgs kt msswg egv pgstpmctmjes je yjtgp pgfmstpktmje dpmygs/ cwt`kcls tj gkpo} yjtmef/ ked egv~pjcgdwpgs ijp yjtgps vbj ajyg tj egv cjwetmgs cja~jptgd vmtb tbg Yjtmef Pmfbts Kct% Je Akpcb 0>/0>;0/ tbg Dg~kptaget skmd tbg yjtgp pgfmstpktmje ked gkpo} yjtmef cbkefgs dmd ejt ~kss awstgp `gckwsg tbg}dms~pj~jptmjektgo} bkpagd amejpmt} yjtgps%6;

Me gkcb ji tbgsg cksgs/ tbg Dg~kptaget ji Hwstmcgs dgtgpamektmje wedgp Sgctmje 7 ji tbg Yjtmef Pmfbts Kctvks ejt tbg imeko vjpd `gckwsg koo tbpgg stktgs `pjwfbt swmt me igdgpko cjwpt me Vksbmeftje/ D%C% TbgDg~kptagets pjog tbws svmtcbgd ipja dgcmsmje!aklgp tj omtmfket% Me tbms ck~kcmt}/ tjj/ tbg Dg~kptaget ~ok}gdk cpmtmcko ~kpt me òjclmef tbgsg egv okvs%

Vbmog tbg Dg~kptaget pgsmstgd sjag ji tbg ajst jegpjws egv yjtmef okvs/ mt dmd ~pgcogkp tbg egv yjtgp MDokv me Egv Bka~sbmpg/ vbmcb bkd `gge sjitgegd kitgp tbg fjygpejp ygtjgd k ajpg pgstpmctmyg `moo%60 "Tbg egvokv ms dgscpm`gd me Sgctmje MMM `gojv%- Tbg Dg~kptaget bks ejt }gt akdg k dgtgpamektmje vmtb pgs~gct tj kegv yjtgp MD okv me Amssmssm~~m/ `wt ks k pgswot ji mts pgymgv ked pg{wgst ijp kddmtmjeko meijpaktmje/ tbg okvvmoo ejt tj `g me giigct ijp tbg 0>;0 gogctmjes%

G% Cjwpt Ymctjpmgs

@} ikp tbg ajst stpmlmef ~wsb`kcl kfkmest egv yjtmef pgstpmctmjes bks cjag tbpjwfb tbg cjwpts% Ymptwkoo} gygp}

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Vmscjesme8 Me Akpcb ji tbms }gkp/ tvj sg~kpktg stktg cjwpts òjclgd Vmscjesmes stpmct egv ~bjtj MDokv je tbg fpjwed tbkt mt ymjoktgd tbg stktgs cjestmtwtmje% Jeg cjwpt ijwed tbg egv okv weikmpo}`wpdgegd cmtmxges pmfbt tj yjtg wedgp tbg stktg cjestmtwtmje/63 ked tbg jtbgp ijwed tbg okv vks `jtb`g}jed tbg ogfmsoktwpgs ~jvgps ked mecjesmstget vmtb k stktg cjestmtwtmjeko ~pjymsmje sgttmef jwt tbggrcowsmyg {wkomimcktmjes ijp yjtmef%64

Kotbjwfb tbjsg dgcmsmjes kpg stmoo gmef k~~gkogd/ tbg okv vmoo ejt `g me giigct ijp tbg 0>;0 gogctmje%Tbg ma~kct ms smfemimcket8 Kccjpdmef tj jeg cjwpts imedmefs/ k~~pjrmaktgo} 00;/=67 gomfmòg yjtgps meVmscjesme dj ejt bkyg MDs tbkt vjwod bkyg gge kccg~tgd wedgp tbg egv okv%67 Jtbgp gstmaktgs kpggyge bmfbgp%69

Amssjwpm8 Kosj me Akpcb 0>;0/ k stktg cjwpt me Amssjwpm òjclgd ke memtmktmyg tj ~okcg k yjtgp MDcjestmtwtmjeko kagedaget je tbg Ejyga`gp 0>;0 `koojt/ pwomef tbg okefwkfg ji tbg `koojt memtmktmygvks amsogkdmef%66 @gckwsg tbg Amssjwpm Sw~pgag Cjwpt stpwcl djve tbg stktgs ~pmjp ~bjtj MD okv ks


17/41

YJTMEF OKV CBKEFGS8 GOGCTMJE W^DKTG | ;3

wecjestmtwtmjeko/ yjtgps vmoo ejt bkyg tj sbjv ~bjtj MD kt tbg ~joos weogss ked wetmo tbg stktgcjestmtwtmje ms kagedgd tj pg{wmpg swcb MD%

Kpmxjek8 Je K~pmo ;6/ 0>;0/ ke gr~kedgd ~kego ji tbg W%S% Cjwpt ji K~~gkos ijp tbg Emetb Cmpcwmtsmttmef ge `kec òjclgd ke Kpmxjek okv/ gekctgd sgygpko }gkps gkpomgp/ pg{wmpmef yjtgps tj ~pjymdg

djcwagetkp} ~pjji ji cmtmxgesbm~ tj pgfmstgp tj yjtg% Me k 6!0 dgcmsmje vpmttge `} k hwdfg k~~jmetgd`} ^pgsmdget Fgjpfg V% @wsb/ tbg cjwpt ijwed tbkt Kpmxjeks okv vks mecjesmstget vmtb tbg igdgpkoAjtjp Yjtgp okv/ vbmcb pg{wmpgs stktgs tj kccg~t ked wsg k wemijpa igdgpko yjtgp pgfmstpktmje ijpa/dgogfktgs kwtbjpmt} tj k igdgpko kfgec} jygp tbkt ijpa/ ked sggls tj stpgkaomeg tbg pgfmstpktmje ~pjcgssektmjekoo}%62

Ks k pgswot ji tbms dgcmsmje/ Kpmxjeks ~pjji ji cmtmxgesbm~ pg{wmpgaget ms cwppgeto} òjclgd% Vbmog tbgokv vks me giigct/ tges ji tbjwskeds ji yjtgps vgpg dgemgd pgfmstpktmje `gckwsg tbg} dmd ejt ~pjymdgkdg{wktg ~pjji ji cmtmxgesbm~%6= Je Kwfwst ;7/ 0>;0/ tbg W%S% Sw~pgag Cjwpt kfpggd tj pgymgv tbmsdgcmsmje dwpmef tbg egrt tgpa%

Iojpmdk "yjtgp pgfmstpktmje dpmygs-8 Je Ak} 3;/ 0>;0/ k igdgpko cjwpt me Tkookbkssgg ~pgomamekpmo}òjclgd geijpcgaget ji tbg ajst jegpjws ~pjymsmjes ji Iojpmdks egv okv pgstpmctmef cjaawemt}!`ksgd yjtgp pgfmstpktmje dpmygs%2> Tbg cjwpt ijwed tbg okv omlgo} ymjoktgd tbg Impst Kagedaget kedtbg igdgpko Ajtjp Yjtgp okv ked ejtgd tbkt koojvmef pgs~jesmòg jpfkemxktmjes tj cjedwct yjtgppgfmstpktmje dpmygs tbws aklmef mt gksmgp ijp cmtmxges tj pgfmstgp ked yjtg ~pjajtgsdgajcpkc}%2; Kitgp tbg ~kptmgs pgkcbgd k sgttogaget kfpggaget/ je Kwfwst 3>/ 0>;0/ tbg cjwpt msswgdk imeko jpdgp ~gpakegeto} pgajymef pgstpmctmjes je cjaawemt}!`ksgd yjtgp pgfmstpktmje dpmygs%20

Vbmog tbg okv vks me giigct/ cmymc fpjw~s kcpjss tbg stktg mecowdmef ~okmetmiis tbg Ogkfwg ji

Vjage Yjtgps ji Iojpmdk ked Pjcl tbg Yjtg bkd cja~ogtgo} sbwt djve tbgmp yjtgp pgfmstpktmjedpmygs% Ks sjje ks tbg okv vks òjclgd/ dpmygs pgswagd/ pgfmstgpmef tbjwskeds ji Iojpmdk yjtgps%23Pgfmstpktmje ewa`gps/ vbmcb bkd ikooge stktgvmdg me tbg vklg ji tbg okv/ hwa~gd w~ kitgp tbg okv vksgehjmegd me oktg Ak} 0>;0/ ked Kwfwst ked Sg~tga`gp vgpg tbg tvj ajetbs vmtb tbg bmfbgst ewa`gpji egv yjtgp pgfmstpktmjes me 0>;0%24

Iojpmdk "gkpo} yjtmef-8 Me k dgcmsmje msswgd je Kwfwst ;9/ 0>;0/ k tbpgg!hwdfg cjwpt me tbg Dmstpmctji Cjowa`mk pgiwsgd tj ~pgcogkp Iojpmdks egv okv cwttmef `kcl je gkpo} yjtmef dk}s ked bjwps wedgptbg igdgpko Yjtmef Pmfbts Kct%27 Tbg cjwpt ijwed tbg stktg bkd ejt agt mts `wpdge ji sbjvmef tbkt tbgcbkefgs tj gkpo} yjtmef vjwod ejt bkyg k pkcmkoo} dmscpmamektjp} giigct je yjtgps me Iojpmdks imyg

cjwetmgs cjygpgd `} tbg Kct%29

Ks k pgswot ji tbms dgcmsmje/ Iojpmdk swàmttgd ke gkpo} yjtmef ~oke ijp tbg imyg cjygpgd cjwetmgs tjjiigp tbg skag ewa`gp ji gkpo} yjtmef bjwps ks pg{wmpgd `} tbg ~pmjp okv/ vbmcb vks g{wmykoget tj tbgakrmawa ~gpamttgd wedgp tbg egv okv%26 Ajst ji Iojpmdks okpfgst cjwetmgs/ mecowdmef Amkam!Dkdg/@pjvkpd/ Jpkefg/ ked ^koa @gkcb/ kosj ijoojvgd swmt%22 Ajst Iojpmdk yjtgps/ tbgpgijpg/ vmoo ikcg tbgskag ewa`gp ji gkpo} yjtmef bjwps ks me ~kst gogctmjes/ `wt tbjsg bjwps vmoo `g s~pgkd jygp igvgpdk}s%


18/41


Tgrks8 Je Kwfwst 3>/ 0>;0/ sbjpto} kitgp tbg Iojpmdk dgcmsmje/ kejtbgp tbpgg!hwdfg cjwpt meVksbmeftje/ D%C% pghgctgd Tgrkss stpmct ~bjtj MD okv wedgp tbg igdgpko Yjtmef Pmfbts Kct%2= Tbgcjwpt ijwed tbg stktg bkd ejt agt mts `wpdge ji sbjvmef tbkt tbg okv vjwod ejt bkyg k dmscpmamektjp}giigct kfkmest amejpmtmgs% Tj tbg cjetpkp}/ tbg cjwpt ijwed tbg gymdgecg sbjvgd tbkt tbg cjsts ji

j`tkmemef {wkomi}mef MD vmoo ikoo ajst bgkymo} je tbg ~jjp ked tbkt k dms~pj~jptmjektgo} bmfb~gpcgetkfg ji Kipmcke Kagpmckes ked Bms~kemcs me Tgrks omyg me ~jygpt}%=>

Tbms dgcmsmje agkes Tgrkss yjtgp MD okv vmoo ejt `g me giigct ijp tbg w~cjamef gogctmje jp iwtwpggogctmjes/ kotbjwfb tbg okvswmt cjetmewgs% "Tbg cjwpt ms ejv cjesmdgpmef Tgrkss kpfwaget tbkt tbgigdgpko okv kt msswg Sgctmje 7 ji tbg Yjtmef Pmfbts Kct ms mtsgoi wecjestmtwtmjeko%- Tbg ma~kct jitbms je Tgrks yjtgps vmoo `g sw`stketmko/ kotbjwfb tbg ewa`gp ji kiigctgd yjtgps ms dmiimcwot tj{wketmi}%=; Kccjpdmef tj tbg jpmfmeko dktk ~pjymdgd `} Tgrks/ ajpg tbke 9>4/>>> pgfmstgpgd yjtgpsokcl {wkomi}mef MDs%=0

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Wedgp tbms pwomef/ tbg stktg ak} stmoo ksl yjtgps tj ~pgsget stktg!msswgd ~bjtj MDs kt tbg ~joos meEjyga`gp/ `wt mt awst koojv koo yjtgps/ mecowdmef tbjsg vbj dj ejt bkyg {wkomi}mef MDs/ tj yjtg `}pgfwokp `koojt% Kitgp Ejyga`gp/ tbg mehwectmje vmoo `g pgcjesmdgpgd% Kotbjwfb tbg ewa`gp ji kiigctgdyjtgps ms dms~wtgd/ ks ake} ks 672/>>> pgfmstgpgd ^gees}oykemkes ak} okcl kccg~tkòg MDs/ kccjpdmeftj tbg ^gees}oykemk Dg~kptaget ji Tpkes~jptktmje%=7 Tbg stktg mtsgoi cjecgdgd tbkt kt ogkst tges jitbjwskeds vjwod `g kiigctgd%

Jbmj "gkpo} yjtmef-% Je Jctj`gp 7/ 0>;0/ k igdgpko k~~gooktg cjwpt kfpggmef vmtb tbg igdgpkodmstpmct cjwpt `gojv òjclgd Jbmjs egv okv tbkt smfemimcketo} pgdwcgd j~~jptwemtmgs ijp me!~gpsje

gkpo} yjtmef%=9

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19/41


Ks k pgswot Jbmj vmoo jiigp gkpo} yjtmef me tbg okst tbpgg dk}s `gijpg tbg gogctmje% Tbms vmoo smfemimcketo}`gegimt Jbmj yjtgps/ gs~gcmkoo} Kipmcke!Kagpmckes/ vbj bgkymo} tklg kdyketkfg ji gkpo} yjtmef% MeJbmjs okpfgst cjwet}/ Cw}kbjfk/ Kipmcke!Kagpmcke yjtgps kccjwetgd ijp 02%9 ~gpcget ji tbg jygpkooyjtg `wt ckst 66%= ~gpcget ji gkpo} me!~gpsje `koojts% Jygpkoo/ Kipmcke!Kagpmckes vgpg 09 tmags ajpgomlgo} tj yjtg gkpo} tbke vbmtg yjtgps%=2

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Tbg ~jtgetmko ma~kct ji tbms dgcmsmje ms smfemimcket% Me 0>>2/ ajpg tbke ;4/>>> vpjef!~pgcmect

~pjymsmjeko `koojts vgpg ckst me Jbmj%;>0 K cojsgo} dms~wtgd hwdmcmko pkcg me 0>;> twpegd je tbgdms~jsmtmje ji vpjef!~pgcmect ~pjymsmjeko koojts%;>3

Sjwtb Ckpjomek8 Je Jctj`gp ;>/ 0>;0/ kejtbgp tbpgg!hwdfg igdgpko cjwpt me Vksbmeftje/ D%C% pwogdtbgpg vks ejt gejwfb tmag ogit tj ma~ogaget tbg stktgs yjtgp MD okv ijp tbg 0>;0 fgegpko gogctmjevmtbjwt smfemimcket dmsgeipkecbmsgaget%;>4 Tbg cjwpt dmd ~pgcogkp tbg pg{wmpgaget ijp iwtwpg gogctmjes/`wt mt cokpmimgd ks~gcts ji tbg okv sj tbkt mt djgs ejt pg{wmpg k ~bjtj MD tj yjtg% ;>7 Mestgkd/ SjwtbCkpjomemkes cke cjetmewg tj wsg tbgmp eje!~bjtj yjtgp pgfmstpktmje ckpd kitgp 0>;0/ sj ojef ks tbgyjtgp smfes ke kiimdkymt stktmef tbg pgksje ijp ejt bkymef j`tkmegd k ~bjtj MD%;>9 Tbg ~pgcogkpkecgfjmef ijpvkpd djgs ejt wedgpameg tbg ymctjp} ijp yjtgps% Ks Cmpcwmt Hwdfg Hjbe @ktgs ejtgd me bms

cjecwppmef j~memje/ Kct P74 ks ejv ~pg!cogkpgd ms ejt tbg P74 gekctgd me Ak} 0>;;%;>6

Mestgkd/tbg okv vks sw`stketmkoo} amtmfktgd `jtb `} tbg stktgs gr~kesmyg metgp~pgtktmje ji ke grcg~tmje tj tbg~bjtj MD pg{wmpgaget ked `} tbg stktgs giijpts tj gr~ked kccgss tj ~bjtj MD%

Ks k pgswot ji tbms dgcmsmje/ SC yjtgps vmoo ejt `g pg{wmpgd tj ~pjymdg ~bjtj MD me tbms }gkpsgogctmjes/ ked fjmef ijpvkpd/ tbg} vmoo bkyg tbg k`momt} tj yjtg k ykomd `koojt gyge mi tbg} dj ejt bkygk~~pjygd ~bjtj MDs% Tbms agkes tbkt tbg ;3>/>>> pgfmstgpgd yjtgps vbj vgpg ijwed tj okclkccg~tkòg ~bjtj MDs;>2 vmoo `g kòg tj yjtg ked tj bkyg tbgmp yjtgs cjwetgd%

Tklge tjfgtbgp/ tbgsg dgcmsmjes dmsaketog tbg `wol ji tbg ajst pgstpmctmyg egv yjtmef okvs tbkt vjwod bkyg

`gge me ~okcg ijp tbg 0>;0 gogctmjes% Tbg stktgs tbkt skv pgstpmctmyg okvs òjclgd jp òwetgd `} cjwpts ~pjdwcgbkoi tbg gogctjpko yjtgs eggdgd tj vme tbg ~pgsmdgec}% Vmtbjwt tbg cjwpts/ amoomjes ji cmtmxges vjwod bkygijwed mt ikp bkpdgp tj yjtg% Tbms dpkaktmckoo} wedgpscjpgs tbg ma~jptkecg ji tbg cjwpts me ~pjtgctmefKagpmckes iwedkagetko pmfbt tj yjtg%

Tbgsg dgcmsmjes kpg ejtgvjptb} ejt jeo} ijp tbgmp jygpkoo giigct je yjtgps `wt kosj ijp tbg sbggp cjesmstgec}ji tbgmp pgswots% Ks ejtgd/ koajst gygp} cjwpt tj bkyg cjesmdgpgd k okv jp ~jomc} aklmef mt bkpdgp tj yjtgòjclgd jp amtmfktgd mt% Tbgpg kpg grcg~tmjes% Ajst ejtkò}/ k igdgpko k~~gkos cjwpt koojvgd sgygpg pgstpmctmjes


20/41


je yjtgp pgfmstpktmje dpmygs me Tgrks tj stked< k stktg k~~gkos cjwpt w~bgod Tgeegssggs yjtgp MD okv meJctj`gp 0>;0% @wt yjtgps bkyg vje tbg ykst akhjpmt} ji cksgs/ kt ogkst ijp ejv% Tbms ms tpwg dgs~mtg tbg ikcttbkt tbg cksgs meyjoygd k ykpmgt} ji dmiigpget ogfko cokmas ked tbgjpmgs me dmiigpget cjwpts kcpjss tbg cjwetp}%;>=Tbms ms tpwg pgfkpdogss ji tbg ~jomtmcko `kclfpjweds ji tbg hwdfgs dgcmdmef tbg cksgs% Tbms jygpvbgoamefo}~jsmtmyg jwtcjag stkeds me cjetpkst tj ~kst gogctmje c}cogs/ vbgpg omtmfktmje pgswots bkyg `gge ajpg amrgd%

Vbkt kccjwets ijp tbg pgakplkòg stpmef ji omtmfktmje ymctjpmgs: Me ~kpt/ hwdfgs omlgo} vgpg stpwcl `} tbg scj~gji ~jtgetmko dmsgeipkecbmsgaget% Gkcb ji tbg cjwpt cksgs cjesmdgpgd ked jitge sjwfbt tj {wketmi} tbggrtget tj vbmcb tbg okvs kt msswg cjwod ~pgyget gomfmòg cmtmxges ipja yjtmef% Vbgpg egv okvs vgpg ijwed tjbkyg k dmsgeipkecbmsmef giigct/ tbg} vgpg t}~mckoo} òjclgd jp amtmfktgd tj ~pgyget tbkt giigct% Cjwpts bkygkosj `gge sgesmtmyg tj tbg ikct tbkt tbg vkyg ji egv yjtmef pgstpmctmjes fgegpkoo} pwes cjwetgp tj cjpg~pmecm~ogs ji Kagpmcke okv/ vbmcb tged tj ~pjajtg dgajcpkc} ked sggl tj iwoimoo tbg ~pjamsg ji ~jomtmckog{wkomt} gs~jwsgd me tbg Dgcokpktmje ji Medg~gedgecg%

Tbg dgcmsmjes kosj swffgst tbkt cjwpts kpg wecjaijptkòg vmtb vbkt k~~gkps tj `g k ~wsb `} sjag ~jomtmcmkes

tj akem~woktg pwogs sj cgptkme yjtgps vjwod imed mt ~kptmcwokpo} bkpd tj ~kptmcm~ktg% Kotbjwfb ej dgcmsmje ijwedma~pj~gp ajtmygs `gbmed egv okvs/ cjwpts dmd pkmsg {wgstmjes k`jwt ogfmsoktjps ~wp~jsgs% Ijp grka~og/ HwdfgPj`gpt Bmelog me Iojpmdk {wgstmjegd tbg stktgs pgksje ijp pg{wmpmef fpjw~s cjedwctmef yjtgp pgfmstpktmjedpmygs tj swàmt cja~ogtgd ijpas tj stktg jiimcmkos vmtbme 42 bjwps ji tbgmp `gmef smfegd8

\TQbg stktg bks omttog mi ke} ogfmtmaktg metgpgst me sgttmef tbg dgkdomeg kt 42 bjwps% Tbg sbjpt dgkdomeg/cjw~ogd vmtb sw`stketmko ~gekotmgs ijp ejecja~omkecg/ aklg yjtgp!pgfmstpktmje dpmygs k pmsl} `wsmegss%Mi tbg fjko ms tj dmscjwpkfg yjtgp!pgfmstpktmje dpmygs ked tbws kosj tj aklg mt bkpdgp ijp egv yjtgps tjpgfmstgp/ tbg 42bjwp dgkdomeg ak} swccggd% @wt mi tbg fjko ms tj iwptbgp tbg stktg&s ogfmtmaktg metgpgstsvmtbjwt wedwo} `wpdgemef tbg pmfbts ji yjtgps ked yjtgp!pgfmstpktmje jpfkemxktmjes/ 42 bjwps ms k `kd

cbjmcg%;;>

Me ^gees}oykemk/ tbg stktg Sw~pgag Cjwpt pkmsgd sgpmjws {wgstmjes dwpmef jpko kpfwaget ks tj vb} tbg stktgmesmstgd je tp}mef tj pwsb tbpjwfb k okst!amewtg ma~ogagetktmje ji k egv ~bjtj MD okv `gijpg k vjplmefk~~kpktws ijp msswmef kccg~tkòg MDs vks me ~okcg%;;; Tbkt cjecgpe vks pgiogctgd me tbg cjwpts dgcmsmje/ vbmcbpgigpgecgd tbg stktgs ka`mtmjws giijpt tj `pmef tbg egv mdgetmimcktmje ~pjcgdwpg metj giigct vmtbme kpgoktmygo} sbjpt tmagipkag%;;0

Pgfkpdogss ji tbg pgksjes/ tbg pgswots kpg weamstklkòg8 Yjtgps bkyg okpfgo} vje tbg omtmfktmje `kttogs ji 0>;0%Ked/ ks dmscwssgd k`jyg/ tbg} bkyg swccgssiwoo} ijwfbt `kcl egv yjtmef pgstpmctmjes me k ykpmgt} ji jtbgp vk}s

ks vgoo% Tbg `mf stjp} ji tbms gogctmje c}cog/ tbgpgijpg/ ms ejt hwst tbg akssmyg ogfmsoktmyg giijpt tj cwt `kcl jeyjtmef pmfbts kcpjss tbg cjwetp} mt ms kosj tbg akssmyg ked swp~pmsmefo} swccgssiwo giijpt `} yjtgps tj ~pjtgcttbgmp pmfbts% @wt tbg hj` ms ejt }gt djeg%


21/41


MMM% TBG DKAKFG DJEG

K% Egv Yjtmef Pgstpmctmjes Me Giigct Ijp 0>;0

Dgs~mtg tbgsg ymctjpmgs/ yjtgps kpg sjagvbkt vjpsg jii tbke tbg} vgpg me 0>;>% Fjmef metj tbg 0>;0 gogctmje/

yjtgps bkyg `gge skddogd vmtb ;2 egv okvs ked grgcwtmyg kctmjes me ;3 stktgs tbkt aklg mt bkpdgp ijpgomfmòg cmtmxges tj pgfmstgp ked tj yjtg%;;3 Tbgsg stktgs kccjwet ijp ;97 gogctjpko yjtgs/ jp 9; ~gpcget ji tbgtjtko eggdgd tj vme tbg ~pgsmdgec}%;;4 Kosj/ ks dmscwssgd `gojv/ tbg ogfko iowr swppjwedmef tbg okvs tbkt ~kssgd`wt vgpg òjclgd jp òwetgd bks cjetpm`wtgd tj mecpgksgd cjeiwsmje ked wecgptkmet} k`jwt gogctmje~pjcgdwpgs tbms }gkp% Tbms bks tbg ~jtgetmko tj iwptbgp ma~kct tbg 0>;0 gogctmje%

Me sbjpt dgs~mtg tbg tpgagedjws ymctjpmgs me ~wòmc s{wkpgs/ stktgbjwsgs/ ked cjwptbjwsgs ejt koodkakfg bks `gge kygptgd% Ijoojvmef kpg tbg pgakmemef yjtmef pgstpmctmjes tbkt egvo} k~~o} tj amoomjes jigomfmòg cmtmxges%


22/41


;% Okvs Aklmef Mt Bkpdgp tj Pgfmstgp tj Yjtg

Ogkdmef w~ tj tbms gogctmje/ egv pwogs me ijwp stktgs aklg pgfmstgpmef tj yjtg bkpdgp/ ajst ejtkò} `}tmfbtgemef tbg pwogs ijp yjtgp pgfmstpktmje dpmygs%

Me Iojpmdk/ ijp ajst ji tbms gogctmje c}cog/ k egv pgfwoktjp} scbgag ma~jsgd meswpajwetkògj`stkcogs je cjaawemt}!`ksgd fpjw~s ked okpfg ektmjeko eje~pjimts tbkt bkyg pgfmstgpgd bwedpgds jitbjwskeds ji egv yjtgps me Iojpmdk ijp dgckdgs% Wedgp tbg igdgpko cjwpt jpdgp tbkt òjclgd tbg okv/dpmygs ejv bkyg ;> dk}s/ mestgkd ji hwst 42 bjwps/ tj pgtwpe ijpas/ ked tbg ajst jegpjws ji tbg~pgymjwso}!ma~jsgd pgfmstpktmje ked pg~jptmef pg{wmpgagets kpg ej ojefgp me ijpcg%;;7

Weijptwektgo}/ `} tbg tmag tbg cjwpt kctgd/ fpjw~s vgpg ogit vmtb jeo} ijwp ajetbs tj pgfmstgp egvyjtgps `gijpg tbg cojsg ji pgfmstpktmje% Ake} ji Iojpmdks okpfgst ked ajst vgoo!gstkòmsbgdeje~kptmske yjtgp pgfmstpktmje dpmygs vgpg sbwt djve/ jp sgygpgo} bkedmck~~gd/ ijp ke getmpg }gkp%;;9Dwpmef tbkt ;0!ajetb ~gpmjd/ tbgpg vgpg egkpo} ;>>/>>> igvgp egv yjtgp pgfmstpktmjes me Iojpmdk

tbke tbgpg bkd `gge dwpmef tbg skag ~gpmjd `gijpg tbg 0>>2 ~pgsmdgetmko gogctmje/ kccjpdmef tj jwpkeko}sms%;;6 Tbms ms k ;4 ~gpcget dgcpgksg me tbg pktg ji egv pgfmstpktmjes ipja 0>>2 tj 0>;0% K pgcgetscbjokpo} stwd} ji tbg ma~kct ji Iojpmdks pgstpmctmjes je yjtgp pgfmstpktmje ijwed k smamokp pktg jidgcomeg me egv pgfmstpktmjes/ ejtmef ke gyge fpgktgp dpj~ me egv pgfmstpktmjes kajef yjtgps kfgd 0;ked }jwefgp%;;2

Me Tgrks/ tbg egv pwogs cpkclmef djve je yjtgp pgfmstpktmje dpmygs vgpg ~kptmcwokpo} bkpsb% KotbjwfbTgrks kopgkd} pgfwoktgd dpmygs ajpg sgygpgo} tbke ~gpbk~s ke} jtbgp stktg/ mt gekctgd egv cbkefgs tjaklg mts okvs gyge ajpg pgstpmctmyg% Me ~kptmcwokp/ jeo} pgsmdgets ji Tgrks vbj kpg gomfmòg tj yjtg cke~kptmcm~ktg me yjtgp pgfmstpktmje dpmygs%;;= Tbms pg{wmpgaget giigctmygo} grcowdgd akhjp ektmjeko yjtgp

pgfmstpktmje fpjw~s ipja cjedwctmef dpmygs me Tgrks%;0>

Kotbjwfb Moomejms kosj tmfbtgegd mts pgfwoktmje ji yjtgp pgfmstpktmje dpmygs/ mts egv pwog ms ejt egkpo} ksbwptiwo ks tbjsg me Iojpmdk ked Tgrks% Yjtgp pgfmstpktmje dpmygs ~kptmcm~ktmef me tbg jiimcmko yjowetggps}stga ejv bkyg ogss tmag tj pgtwpe cjoogctgd k~~omcktmjes tj gogctmje jiimcmkos%;0; @wt tbms pgdwctmjeme tmag djgs ejt k~~o} tj fpjw~s jeo} wsmef tbg ektmjeko akmo!me yjtgp pgfmstpktmje ijpa% Ejegtbgogss/~kptmcm~ktmje me tbg jiimcmko yjowetggp s}stga ms stmoo cjaaje me Moomejms `gckwsg mt ms akedktjp} ijpke} dpmygs cjoogctmef tbg stktg pgfmstpktmje ijpas%;00

Vmscjesme kosj akdg pgfmstgpmef tj yjtg bkpdgp ijp egv pgsmdgets ji tbg stktg% Mt cbkefgd mts yjtgpgomfm`momt} pg{wmpgagets/ `} grtgedmef tbg amemawa ~gpmjd ji pgsmdgec} ipja ;> tj 02 dk}s%

;03

0% Yjtgp MD

Ji tbg imyg stktgs geijpcmef egv yjtgp MD okvs tbms Ejyga`gp/ jeo} tvj ma~jsg stpmct ~bjtj MDpg{wmpgagets% Jtbgps kiijpd ajpg iogrm`momt}/ swcb ks kccg~tmef k `pjkdgp pkefg ji MDs jp koojvmef ke kiimdkymtji mdgetmt}%


23/41

YJTMEF OKV CBKEFGS8 GOGCTMJE W^DKTG | ;=

Me Lkesks ked Tgeegssgg/ vbgpg tbg okvs kpg ~kptmcwokpo} pmfmd/ pgfmstgpgd yjtgps vmoo `g pg{wmpgd tjsbjv fjygpeaget!msswgd ~bjtj mdgetmimcktmje kt tbg yjtmef `jjtb% Ji tbg tvj/ Lkesks kccg~ts kcjesmdgpkò} `pjkdgp pkefg ji ~bjtj MDs tbke djgs Tgeegssgg% Ijp grka~og/ me kddmtmje tj k dpmygpsomcgesg ipja ke} stktg/ W%S% ~kss~jpt/ jp fjygpeaget ga~oj}gg MD/ k stktg stwdget MD ckpd jp stktg~wòmc kssmstkecg MD ckpd kpg kccg~tkòg%;04 Yjtgps vmtbjwt kccg~tkòg MD ak} yjtg k ~pjymsmjeko

`koojt/ ked me ajst cksgs tbg} bkyg smr dk}s tj ~pgsget kccg~tkòg MD tj gogctmje jiimcmkos tj geswpgtbgmp yjtgs kpg cjwetgd%;07 Tgeegssgg/ je tbg jtbgp bked/ gr~pgsso} pgiwsgs tj kccg~t stwdget MDsipja mestmtwtmjes ji bmfbgp gdwcktmje%;09 Vbmog cgptkme medmymdwkos ak} {wkomi} ijp tbg j~tmje jigrgcwtmef ke kiimdkymt ji mdgetmt} kt tbg ~joos/;06 ajst yjtgps vmtbjwt MD vmoo bkyg tj ckst k ~pjymsmjeko`koojt ked vmoo bkyg jeo} tvj `wsmegss dk}s tj ~pjymdg kccg~tkòg MD%;02 Tbws/ ijp tbg impst tmag meLkesks ked Tgeegssgg/ gomfmòg cmtmxges vbj dj ejt bkyg tbg lmed ji MD pg{wmpgd `} tbgsg egv okvsvmoo `gkp tbg `wpdge ked cjsts ji j`tkmemef mt/ jp gosg imed tbgasgoygs wekòg tj ckst k pgfwokp `koojtje Gogctmje Dk}%;0= Jtbgps ak} sma~o} `g dmsswkdgd ipja gyge pgfmstgpmef jp fjmef tj tbg ~joos`gckwsg tbg} dj ejt bkyg/ jp ckeejt pgkdmo} j`tkme/ tbg egcgsskp} ~bjtj MD%

Me cjetpkst/ Egv Bka~sbmpg/ Pbjdg Msoked/ ked Ympfmemk koo fmyg yjtgps vmtbjwt ~bjtj MDs kykpmgt} ji j~tmjes ijp bkymef tbgmp yjtgs cjwetgd%Egv Bka~sbmpg ked Pbjdg Msoked `jtb koojv eje!~bjtj MDs ijp 0>;0 gogctmjes ked vmoo stkpt bkymef ~bjtj MD pg{wmpgagets egrt }gkp jp oktgp% EgvBka~sbmpgs okv vmoo koojv gogctmje jiimcmkos tj ygpmi} yjtgps mdgetmt} vmtbjwt stpmcto} pg{wmpmef jeg jitbg ijpas ji MD je tbg stktwtjp} omst/ ked yjtgps vmtbjwt MD ak} yjtg kitgp grgcwtmef ke kiimdkymtkttgstmef tj tbgmp mdgetmt}%;3> Me Pbjdg Msoked/ yjtgps vbj kpg wekòg tj ~pjymdg k~~pjygd ~bjtj MDvmoo `g koojvgd tj yjtg k ~pjymsmjeko `koojt/ vbmcb vmoo `g cjwetgd mi tbg smfektwpgs je tbg `koojt kedtbg yjtgps pgfmstpktmje aktcb%;3; Ked me Ympfmemk/ tbg omst ji kccg~tkòg MDs mecowdgs djcwagetsvmtbjwt k ~bjtj tbkt sbjv tbg yjtgps ekag ked kddpgss/ swcb ks k wtmomt} `moo/ `kel stktgaget/fjygpeaget cbgcl/ jp ~k}cbgcl%;30

3% Aklmef mt Bkpdgp tj Pgstjpg Yjtmef Pmfbts

Me tbpgg stktgs/ bwedpgds ji tbjwskeds ji cmtmxges vmtb ~kst igoje} cjeymctmjes vmoo `g ogit jwt ji tbms gogctmjeked vmoo imed mt dmiimcwot jp ma~jssmòg tj pgstjpg tbgmp yjtmef pmfbts me tbg iwtwpg%;33

Iojpmdk ked Mjvk `jtb pgygpsgd ~pmjp grgcwtmyg kctmjes tbkt akdg mt gksmgp ijp cmtmxges vmtb ~kstcpmameko cjeymctmjes tj pgstjpg tbgmp yjtmef pmfbts% Me 0>>6/ Iojpmdk Fjy% Cbkpomg Cpmst stpgkaomegd tbgpgstjpktmje ~pjcgss/ ked smecg tbge tbg yjtmef pmfbts ji kt ogkst ;7>/>>> Iojpmdmkes vgpg pgstjpgd%;34@wt smecg Fjy% Pmcl Scjtt twpegd `kcl tbg pwogs okst }gkp/ ej yjtmef pmfbts bkyg `gge pgstjpgd me

Iojpmdk%;37

Smamokpo} me Mjvk/kotbjwfb ke grgcwtmyg jpdgp `} tbge Fjy% Tja Ymoskcl bkd pgstjpgd tbgyjtmef pmfbts ji 2>/>>> ~gpsjes vmtb ~kst cjeymctmjes/ me 0>;;/ Fjy% Tgpp} @pkestkd pgyjlgd tbktjpdgp% Ejv Mjvk ~gpakegeto} dmsgeipkecbmsgs koo cmtmxges kitgp k cpmameko cjeymctmje%;39

Me 0>;0/ Sjwtb Dkljtk ~kssgd ogfmsoktmje tj dge} yjtmef pmfbts tj ~gpsjes vmtb cpmameko cjeymctmjesvbj kpg je ~pj`ktmje% Tbms cbkefg cja~jwedgd grmstmef pg{wmpgagets tbkt kopgkd} pg{wmpgd k ~gpsjetj cja~ogtg ke} tgpa ji meckpcgpktmje jp ~kpjog `gijpg tbg stktg vjwod pgstjpg yjtmef pmfbts%;36


24/41

0> | @PGEEKE CGETGP IJP HWSTMCG

4% Pgdwcgd Gkpo} Yjtmef J~~jptwemtmgs

Tbms Ejyga`gp tbgpg vmoo `g igvgp j~~jptwemtmgs tj ckst k yjtg gkpo} me Iojpmdk/ Fgjpfmk/ Tgeegssgg/ kedVgst Ympfmemk%;32 Tbg scj~g ji tbg pgdwctmje dmiigps smfemimcketo} kajef tbgsg ijwp stktgs/ ked tbg jwtcjag jitbg ~pgcogkpkecg cksg me Iojpmdk bks bgo~gd kagomjpktg tbg smfemimcket ojss ji bgkymo}!wsgd gkpo} yjtmef dk}s me

tbkt stktg%

Me IojpmdkkedVgst Ympfmemk/cwts tj gkpo} yjtmef vgpg ikmpo} sw`stketmko%Me Iojpmdk/ me kddmtmje tj gomamektmeftbg impst imyg dk}s ji gkpo} yjtmef/ cjwetmgs ojst tbg j~tmje ji j~gemef tbgmp ~joos je tbg okst Swedk} `gijpg tbggogctmje% Me tjtko/ Iojpmdk vget ipja ke gkpo} yjtmef ~gpmjd tbkt cjwod grtged w~ tj ;4 dk}s/ tj jeg tbkt ms jeo}gmfbt dk}s ojef%;3= Tbg ~pgcogkpkecg dgcmsmje amtmfktgd tbms sjagvbkt `} geswpmef akrmawa bjwps vgpgjiigpgd me tbg imyg hwpmsdmctmjes cjygpgd `} tbg Yjtmef Pmfbts Kct%;4> Ked ajst okpfg cjwetmgs bkyg gstkòmsbgdbjwps cojsg tj tbg akrmawa ijp tbms gogctmje%;4;Vgst Ympfmemk omlgvmsg dpj~~gd mts gkpo} yjtmef ~gpmjd tjogss tbke tvj iwoo vggls/ pgdwcmef tbg ;6 dk}s ~pgymjwso} kykmokòg tj ;> dk}s%;40 Tbg pgdwctmjes me Fgjpfmkked Tgeegssggvgpg ogss sgygpg%;43

Jygpkoo/ bjv vgoo yjtgps vmoo kdhwst tj tbg ojss ji gkpo} yjtmef dk}s ms ke j~ge {wgstmje/ `wt mt ms wedms~wtgdtbkt amoomjes vmoo eggd tj dj sj% Me Iojpmdk vbmcb akdg jeg ji tbg ajst dpkaktmc cwts egkpo} ; amoomjeyjtgps me 0>>2 ckst tbgmp `koojts dwpmef tbg dk}s tbkt bkyg `gge gomamektgd/ vbmcb mecowdgd tbg okst Swedk}`gijpg Gogctmje Dk}%;44 Tbms vmoo cpgktg dmiimcwotmgs ked `wpdges ijp koo Iojpmdk yjtgps/ `wt mt ms òkcl yjtgpsvbj vmoo `gkp tbg `pwet ji cjestpmctgd kccgss tj tbg ~joos% Me 0>>2/ òkcl yjtgps me Iojpmdk wsgd tbg ejv!gomamektgd impst vggl ji gkpo} yjtmef kt egkpo} tvmcg tbg pktg ji vbmtg yjtgps/ ked tbg} pgomgd je tbg okst Swedk}kt ajpg tbke tbpgg tmags tbg pktg ji vbmtg yjtgps%;47

Tbg ~j~wokpmt} ji gkpo} me!~gpsje yjtmef kajef òkcl yjtgps ms ejt wem{wg tj Iojpmdk% Kccjpdmef tj tbg

Cgesws @wpgkw/ gkpo} me!~gpsje yjtmef `} Kipmcke!Kagpmckes me sjwtbgpe stktgs egkpo} tpm~ogd ipja tbg 0>>4tj 0>>2/ ked vks awcb bmfbgp tbke tbg pktg kajef vbmtg yjtgps me 0>>2%;49 Scbjokps gr~gct tbms tpged tjcjetmewg%;46 Ejtkò}/ tbg egv stktg okvs pgdwcmef gkpo} me!~gpsje yjtmef kpg koo cjecgetpktgd me sjwtbgpestktgs%;42

@% Tbg Cjooktgpko Dkakfg8 Cjeiwsmje ked Amsmeijpaktmje

Me k t}~mcko }gkp/ cjeiwsmje ked amsmeijpaktmje jitge akp Kagpmcke gogctmjes% Tbms }gkp skv djxges ji egvpwogs ~pj~jsgd/ gekctgd/ cbkoogefgd/ òjclgd/ pg~gkogd/ k~~gkogd/ ked ~jst~jegd koo vmtbme ajetbs ji kakhjp gogctmje% Jpdmekp} ~pjògas cjwod cja~jwed%

Ajst kt pmsl ijp cjeiwsmje8 Stktgs vbgpg yjtgp MD okvs vgpg òjclgd%

Me ^gees}oykemk/ ijp grka~og/ wedgp tbg tgpas ji tbg cjwpts mehwectmje/ yjtgps ak} jeo} `g kslgdtj sbjv~bjtj MD kt tbg ~joos dwpmef tbg Ejyga`gp gogctmje/ `wt yjtgps vmtbjwt MD cke stmoo yjtg k pgfwokp `koojt%Bjvgygp/ pg~jpts mecowdmef k ogfko ~gtmtmje ijp pgomgi djcwaget tbkt yjtgps vgpg stmoo pgcgmymef mecjppgctmeijpaktmje k`jwt MD pg{wmpgagets ipja stktg ked ojcko gogctmje jiimcmkos hwst vggls `gijpg tbg gogctmje% Tbgstktgs tgogymsmje kdygptmsgagets tgoomef yjtgps tj `pmef ~bjtj MD pke `gijpg ked kitgp tbg cjwpts pwomef% ;4= Ks


25/41

YJTMEF OKV CBKEFGS8 GOGCTMJE W^DKTG | 0;

ji amd!Jctj`gp/ tbg stktg Dg~kptaget ji Kfmef vks sgedmef akmomefs tj tbjwskeds ji sgemjps mecjppgcto}stktmef/ Yjtgps kpg pg{wmpgd tj sbjv ~bjtj MD je Gogctmje Dk}%;7> Tbg @pgeeke Cgetgp dmscjygpgd smamokpamsmeijpaktmje je tbg jiimcmko vg`smtgs ijp tvj ji tbg stktgs okpfgst cjwetmgs%;7; Ked k stktg egvs~k~gppgcgeto} ~wòmsbgd ke kptmcog amsmeijpamef yjtgps tbkt ~bjtj MD vks stmoo pg{wmpgd%;70 Me Tgrks/ gogctmjejiimcmkos sget gygp} yjtgp k ckpd sk}mef ~bjtj MD vjwod `g pg{wmpgd w~je igdgpko k~~pjyko;73 `wt egygp

sget k ijoojv w~ ejtg sk}mef tbkt k~~pjyko bkd `gge dgemgd%

Medggd/ gyge k`sget mekccwpktg meijpaktmje dmpgcto} ipja tbg stktg/ mt ms vgoo djcwagetgd tbkt yjtgps kpgipg{wgeto} kslgd tj sbjv ~bjtj mdgetmimcktmje kt tbg ~joos vbge stktg okv djgs ejt pg{wmpg mt% K ogkdmefektmjeko stwd} ijwed tbkt kt ogkst bkoi ji yjtgps vgpg kslgd ijp ~bjtj MD `} ~joo vjplgps/ gyge me stktgsvmtbjwt MD pg{wmpgagets%;74 Ejt koo yjtgps kpg kslgd tj sbjv MD% ^joo vjplgps ksl ikp ajpg amejpmt} yjtgpstj sbjv MD tbke tbgmp vbmtg cjwetgp~kpts%;77

Yjtgps ak} kosj `g cjeiwsgd k`jwt vbge tbg} cke yjtg me stktgs tbkt tpmaagd gkpo} yjtmef% Me Jbmj/ vbgtbgp~joos vjwod pgakme j~ge tj koo yjtgps je tbg okst tbpgg dk}s ji tbg gkpo} yjtmef ~gpmjd vks tbg sw`hgct ji

omtmfktmje ked pgakmegd ke j~ge {wgstmje wetmo ks oktg ks Jctj`gp ;9%;79 Ks okvswmts weijodgd me Iojpmdk/ mt vkswecogkp wetmo Sg~tga`gp bjv gkpo} yjtmef cbkefgs vjwod k~~o}%;76 Ajpgjygp/ tbg tgpas wedgp vbmcb Iojpmdksgkpo} yjtmef cbkefgs vgpg wotmaktgo} ~pgcogkpgd pg{wmpg tbg imyg cjwetmgs cjygpgd `} Sgctmje 7 ji tbg YjtmefPmfbts Kcts tj jiigp tbg akrmawa koojvgd bjwps gkcb dk}/ ijp k tjtko ji =9 bjwps ji gkpo} yjtmef%;72 Jtbgpcjwetmgs/ bjvgygp/ kpg ejt sw`hgct tj tbms pg{wmpgaget% Tbjsg cjwetmgs ejv bkyg sw`stketmko dmscpgtmje tjdgcmdg tbg s~gcmimc bjwps tbg} vmoo `g j~ge gkcb dk}%;7= Ijptwektgo}/ mt k~~gkps ajst ji tbg okpfgst cjwetmgsvmoo jiigp bjwps cojsg tj tbg akrmawa/ tbws cwsbmjemef tbg òjv ji ojst dk}s%;9> @wt cjeiwsmje ak} ~gpsmst%

Imekoo}/ tbg gomfm`momt} ji ~gpsjes vmtb ~pmjp cpmameko cjeymctmjes ms ipg{wgeto} k ~jmet ji cjeiwsmje ijp yjtgpsked gogctmje jiimcmkos komlg% Tjj jitge/ tbgsg cmtmxges kpg ejt ~pj~gpo} meijpagd ji tbgmp pmfbts/ gyge vbge tbg}

pgakme gomfmòg tj yjtg "jp bkyg pgfkmegd pmfbts-%;9;

Ked ~gpsjes vmtb ~kst cjeymctmjes vbj kpg me ikct~pj~gpo} pgfmstgpgd tj yjtg bkyg `gge vpjefo} ~wpfgd ipja tbg yjtgp omsts jp cbkoogefgd kt tbg ~joos%;90 Tbgsg~pjògas kpg ji ~kptmcwokp cjecgpe tbms }gkp me Iojpmdk/ Mjvk/ ked Sjwtb Dkljtk vbgpg/ ijp tbg impst tmag me ;7}gkps/ stktgs bkyg tklge kctmjes tj pjoo `kcl pktbgp tbke pgstjpg yjtmef pmfbts%;93


26/41


MY% TBG @KTTOGS TJ CJAG

Tbg ektmjeko imfbt jygp yjtmef pmfbts vmoo cjetmewg `g}jed Ejyga`gp% Vg ak} `g kt k bmfb vktgp akpl ijpyjtgp kccgss tjdk}% Fjmef ijpvkpd/ vg ejt jeo} bkyg tj dgiged tbg ymctjpmgs kopgkd} vje/ `wt vg kosj bkyg tjstkyg jii kddmtmjeko giijpts tj cwt `kcl je yjtmef pmfbts% Tbg imfbt vmoo ~ok} jwt me tbpgg akme kpgeks8 Me tbg

cjwpts/ me tbg W%S% Sw~pgag Cjwpt/ ked me stktgbjwsgs kcpjss tbg cjwetp}%

K% Me tbg CjwptsImpst ked ijpgajst/ ake} ji tbg cjwpt ymctjpmgs vje `gijpg tbms }gkps gogctmjes kpg tga~jpkp}% Tbg imekodgcmsmjes kpg tbjsg òjclmef Iojpmdks yjtgp pgfmstpktmje dpmyg okv/ amtmfktmef Sjwtb Ckpjomeks yjtgp MD okv/~pgygetmef Amssjwpms ~bjtj MD `koojt memtmktmyg ipja fjmef jetj tbg `koojt/ ked ~pgygetmef imyg Iojpmdkcjwetmgs ipja ma~ogagetmef pgdwcgd gkpo} yjtmef bjwps% Koo ji tbg jtbgp dgcmsmjes kpg sw`hgct tj iwptbgppgymgv gmtbgp je k~~gko jp me tbg skag cjwpts% Tbkt agkes tbg jwtcjags cjwod cbkefg%

Tbgsg kpg tbg cksgs tj vktcb8

@jtb Vmscjesme stktg cjwpt dgcmsmjes stpmlmef djve tbg stktgs stpmct ~bjtj MD okv kpg sw`hgct tjiwptbgp pgymgv `} tbg stktg k~~gooktg cjwpts% Tbg stktg Sw~pgag Cjwpt pgiwsgd tj bgkp tbg cksg je kegr~gdmtgd `ksms `gijpg tbg gogctmje%;94 @wt `jtb cksgs kpg cwppgeto} `gijpg tbg stktg Cjwpt ji K~~gkosked kpfwagets kpg gr~gctgd kitgp tbg gogctmje%;97 "@gckwsg tbg cksgs kpg `ksgd je cokmas tbkt tbg okvymjoktgs tbg stktg cjestmtwtmje/ tbg} vmoo ejt `g sw`hgct tj kddmtmjeko pgymgv me tbg W%S% Sw~pgagCjwpt%-

@jtb igdgpko k~~gkos cjwpt dgcmsmjes pgoktmef tj Jbmj cjygpmef ~pjymsmjeko `koojts ked gkpo} yjtmef kpg sw`hgct tj pgymgv `} tbg W%S% Sw~pgag Cjwpt% Vmtb tbg sw~~jpt ji kttjpeg}s fgegpko ipja ;7jtbgp stktgs/ Jbmj kslgd tbg Sw~pgag Cjwpt ijp/ ked vks dgemgd/ gagpfgec} pgomgi ipja tbg gkpo}yjtmef dgcmsmje%;99 @wt Jbmj ak} stmoo imog ~gtmtmjes ijp pgymgv me `jtb cksgs tbkt vjwod `g cjesmdgpgdje k pgfwokp tmagomeg%

Omtmfktmje cjetmewgs me tbg igdgpko cjwpt cksg tbkt ~gpakegeto} òjclgd Tgrkss ~bjtj MD okv%Kotbjwfb tbg cjwpt kopgkd} ijwed tbkt Tgrks ckeejt hwstmi} mts egv okv wedgp Sgctmje 7 tbg igdgpkoYjtmef Pmfbts Kct/ tbg Ojeg Stkp Stktg bks kpfwgd tbkt tbg ~pjymsmje mtsgoi ms wecjestmtwtmjeko% Tbgcjwpt ms tbgpgijpg ejv cjesmdgpmef tbg cjestmtwtmjekomt} ji tbkt okedakpl igdgpko okv% @jtb tbg cjwptsmemtmko pwomef je tbg ~pgcogkpkecg ked mts w~cjamef pwomef je tbg Yjtmef Pmfbts Kct cke `g k~~gkogd

tj tbg W%S% Sw~pgag Cjwpt%

Omtmfktmje ms kosj jefjmef me tbg stktg cjwpt cksg tbkt òjclgd ^gees}oykemks ~bjtj MD okv ijp tbg0>;0 gogctmjes% Tbg okv ms òjclgd jeo} ijp tbg 0>;0 gogctmjes


27/41


^gees}oykemk cpgktgd k egv ijpa ji ipgg stktg!msswgd ~bjtj MD tbkt ms awcb gksmgp tj j`tkme ked vmoo`g kccg~tgd ijp yjtmef%;9= Tbkt MD vks cpgktgd jeo} kt tbg ged ji Kwfwst/ sj mt pgakmes tj `g sggevbgtbgp mt vmoo smfemimcketo} amtmfktg tbg dmsgeipkecbmsmef giigct ji ^gees}oykemks yjtgp MD okv%;6>

@% Me tbg W%S% Sw~pgag CjwptTbg bmfb cjwpt vmoo bgkp tvj akhjp cksgs egrt tgpa tbkt cjwod sw`stketmkoo} wedgpameg ogfko ~pjtgctmjes ijpyjtgps% Tbg jwtcjag ji tbgsg cksgs ak} kiigct vbgtbgp jp ejt yjtgps bkyg ke} pgcjwpsg me tbg cjwpts tjcbkoogefg dmscpmamektjp} okvs tbkt aklg mt bkpdgp ijp gomfmòg Kagpmckes tj yjtg%

Tbg impst cksg/ Fjexkogx y% Kpmxjek/ kddpgssgs Kpmxjek&s okv tbkt pg{wmpgd medmymdwkos tj ~pjdwcg djcwagetkp}~pjji ji tbgmp cmtmxgesbm~ me jpdgp tj yjtg% Tbg Emetb Cmpcwmt Cjwpt ji K~~gkos ijwed tbkt tbg stktg okv vksmecjesmstget vmtb tbg Ektmjeko Yjtgp Pgfmstpktmje Kct ji ;==3/ k igdgpko stktwtg cjaajeo} pgigppgd tj ksAjtjp Yjtgp% Mt k~~omgd k s~gcmko ~pgga~tmje keko}sms k~~omckòg tj okvs/ omlg Ajtjp Yjtgp/ gekctgd wedgpCjefpgsss kwtbjpmt} wedgp tbg W%S% Cjestmtwtmjes Gogctmjes Cokwsg% Tbg Sw~pgag Cjwpt vmoo cjesmdgp `jtb

bjv tbg Ajtjp Yjtgp okv vjpls/ ked vbge k igdgpko gogctmje okv ~pgga~ts k stktg okv% Mi tbg Cjwptjygppgkcbgs/ mt cjwod tbpgktge Cjefpgss cjpg ~jvgp tj gekct wemijpa igdgpko gogctmje okvs%

Kotbjwfb ej cksg ms djclgtgd }gt/ tbg Sw~pgag Cjwpt vmoo omlgo} pwog je tbg cjestmtwtmjekomt} ji Sgctmje 7 jitbg Yjtmef Pmfbts Kct egrt tgpa% Tbms okedakpl cmymo pmfbts okv ms vmdgo} kclejvogdfgd ks `gmef pgs~jesmògijp dmsaketomef Hma Cpjv% Mt geswpgs tbkt gygp} Kagpmcke gehj}s ke g{wko j~~jptwemt} tj yjtg/ pgfkpdogss jipkcg% Mt ms kajef tbg igv tjjos cmtmxges bkyg tj imfbt `kcl kfkmest dmscpmamektjp} yjtmef okvs% Mt ms kosj tbgakme pgksje tbkt yjtgp MD okvs me Tgrks ked Sjwtb Ckpjomek/ ks vgoo ks gkpo} yjtmef pgstpmctmjes me imyg Iojpmdkcjwetmgs/ vmoo ejt `g me giigct tbms gogctmje%

Smr }gkps kfj/ Cjefpgss yjtgd `} jygpvbgoamef `m~kptmske akhjpmtmgs tj pgegv Sgctmje 7/ sk}mef tbg okv vksstmoo eggdgd tj ~pgyget dmscpmamektmje me tbg yjtmef s}stga% Tbg yjtg vks wekemajws me tbg Sgektg ked 0=>!33me tbg Bjwsg% ^pgsmdget Fgjpfg V% @wsb smfegd mt metj okv% Jygp tbg ~kst tvj }gkps/ bjvgygp/ ks stktgs vgpg~kssmef okvs aklmef mt bkpdgp tj yjtg/ sgyge stktgs ked ojckomtmgs kslgd cjwpts tj meykomdktg Sgctmje 7%;6; Ji tbgswmts tbkt kpg stmoo ~gedmef/ tbg jegs `pjwfbt `} Sbgo`} Cjwet} me Kok`kak/ Lmestje me Ejptb Ckpjomek/ kedtbg stktg ji Tgrks kpg tbg ajst omlgo} tj pgkcb tbg Sw~pgag Cjwpt% K tbpgg!hwdfg igdgpko cjwpt me Vksbmeftje/D%C% w~bgod tbg cjestmtwtmjekomt} ji Sgctmje 7 me k stpjef ked tbjpjwfb j~memje me tbg Sbgo`} Cjwet} cksg/ked tbg Cjwpt ms pg~jptgdo} cjesmdgpmef `gijpg tbg gogctmje vbgtbgp tj tklg w~ tbkt cksg% Tbpgg }gkps kfj/ me kcksg `pjwfbt `} k ~wòmc wtmomt} me Ejptbvgst Kwstme/ sgygpko Hwstmcgs {wgstmjegd tbg cjetmewmef cjestmtwtmjekoykomdmt} ji Sgctmje 7%;60 Tbkt cksg ~pgdktgd egv dgygoj~agets tbkt stpgeftbge tbg cksg ijp tbg okvs

cjestmtwtmjekomt}/ wt mt ejegtbgogss pkmsgs sgpmjws cjecgpes%

Kt stklg8 Jeg ji tbg ajst giigctmyg ogfko tjjos ijp geswpmef g{wkomt} me tbg yjtmef ~pjcgss ked tbg ajstsmfemimcket `wovkpl kfkmest dmscpmamektjp} egv yjtmef okvs% Ks Hwdfg @ktgs ijwed me tbg cksg òjclmef SjwtbCkpjomeks yjtgp MD okv/ Sgctmje 7 ~ok}s k ymtko pjog me stkymef jii dmscpmamektjp} yjtmef cbkefgs% Bg gr~okmegd/\vQmtbjwt tbg pgymgv ~pjcgss wedgp tbg Yjtmef Pmfbts Kct/ Sjwtb Ckpjomek&s yjtgp ~bjtj MD okv cgptkmeo}vjwod bkyg `gge ajpg pgstpmctmyg%;63


28/41


C% Me tbg StktgbjwsgsTbg ~kst tvj }gkps skv k sbkp~ s~mlg me bkpsb egv `moos tj cwp` yjtmef% Tbms `kogiwo tpged vks kopgkd} vgoowedgpvk} `gijpg 0>;;/ ked vmoo omlgo} cjetmewg%;64 Medggd/ vbmog 07 `moos pgstpmctmef yjtmef ~kssgd metj okv jygp

tbg ~kst tvj }gkps/ ;2> vgpg metpjdwcgd< ked ake} kpg gr~gctgd tj cjag `kcl me tbg egrt ogfmsoktmyg sgssmje%Ji ~kptmcwokp cjecgpe kpg tbg emeg `moos tbkt ~kssgd `wt vgpg ygtjgd me smr stktgs% Tbg `kttog jygp yjtmef pmfbtsvmoo tbws pgswag me stktgbjwsgs kcpjss tbg cjwetp} egrt }gkp%


29/41


CJECOWSMJE

Me tbg vklg ji k akssmyg vkyg ji egv okvs tbkt cjwod bkyg akdg mt bkpdgp ijp amoomjes ji Kagpmckes tj yjtgtbms }gkp/ yjtgps bkyg okpfgo} stjjd tbgmp fpjwed% Tbg} bkyg akekfgd swccgssiwoo} tj ~wsb `kcl kfkmest tbg`wol ji tbg ajst pgstpmctmyg egv okvs/ geswpmef tbkt ikp igvgp yjtmef pgstpmctmjes vmoo `g me ~okcg ijp tbg 0>;0

gogctmjes% Tbg ajst smfemimcket ksskwot je yjtmef pmfbts me dgckdgs bks tbws gge sgpmjwso} owetgd%

Kotbjwfb tbg gogctmje vmoo sjje `g jygp/ tbg imfbts jygp yjtmef pmfbts vmoo/ weijptwektgo}/ cjetmewg% Ake} jitbg `kttogs vje me 0>;0 vmoo `g pgijwfbt me 0>;3% Cjwpt cksgs me ^gees}oykemk/ Vmscjesme/ Tgrks/ ked Jbmj kpgjefjmef% Tbg W%S% Sw~pgag Cjwpt ms tklmef w~ yjtmef msswgs% Ked stktg ogfmsoktjps kcpjss tbg cjwetp} kpgfgkpmef w~ tj metpjdwcg egv pgstpmctmyg yjtmef okvs% Kagpmckes ckeejt }gt pgst gks}%

@wt Kagpmckes cke ogkpe ipja tbg `kttogs jygp yjtmef pmfbts me 0>;0% Vg cke ogkpe tbg ma~jptkecg ji stpjefektmjeko okvs ~pjtgctmef yjtmef pmfbts/ omlg tbg igdgpko Yjtmef Pmfbts Kct ked tbg Ajtjp Yjtgp okv/ `jtb jivbmcb akdg k `mf dmiigpgecg tbms }gkp% Vg cke ogkpe tbg ma~jptkecg ji stpjef cjwpts tj geijpcg tbjsg pmfbts%

Ked vg cke ogkpe tbkt gejwfb ms gejwfb%

Mt ms sma~o} ejt kccg~tkòg tj `g imfbtmef jygp yjtg sw~~pgssmje me 0>;0% Mt ms ejt kccg~tkòg ijp ~jomtmcmkes tjtp} tj imr tbg pwogs ji tbg fkag me k vk} tbkt aklgs mt bkpdgp ijp sjag fpjw~s ji Kagpmckes tj bkyg tbgmp sk}%Kagpmckes dgsgpyg k yjtmef s}stga tbkt ms ipgg/ ikmp/ ked kccgssmòg/ `wt ~kptmske yjtmef vkps tbpgktge tbktmdgko% Tj ajyg ~kst tbjsg vkps/ vg eggd tj ijcws je pgijpas tbkt ma~pjyg tbg s}stga/ ejt jegs tbkt fkag mt%Vg eggd tj `gttgp wsg tgcbejojf} tj kcbmgyg tbkt fjko% Ked vg ~kptmcwokpo} eggd tj ajdgpemxg jwp yjtgppgfmstpktmje s}stga tj gebkecg jtb kccgss ked metgfpmt}%


30/41


GEDEJTGS

; VGED]P%VGMSGP)OKVPGECG EJPDGE/YJTMEF OKVCBKEFGS ME 0>;0;)36e%;"0>;;-/ kykmokòg ktbtt~8**`pgeeke%3cde%egt*=0937ddki`c>=g2d22Zm3a9`hdgb%~di%

0 Tbg Gogctjpko Cjoogfg cjesmsts ji 732 gogctjps% K akhjpmt} ji 06> gogctjpko yjtgs ms pg{wmpgd tj gogct tbg ~pgsmdget% Tbg emegtgge stktgstbkt ~kssgd pgstpmctmyg yjtmef okvs ked grgcwtmyg kctmjes smecg tbg `gfmeemef ji 0>;; kccjwet ijp 03; gogctjpko yjtgs8 Kok`kak "=-/Iojpmdk "0=-/ Fgjpfmk ";9-/ Moomejms "0>-/ Mjvk "9-/ Lkesks "9-/ Akmeg "4-/ Amssmssm~~m "9-/ Egv Bka~sbmpg "4-/ Jbmj ";2-/ ^gees}oykemk"0>-/ Pbjdg Msoked "4-/Sjwtb Ckpjomek "=-/Sjwtb Dkljtk "3-/ Tgeegssgg ";;-/ Tgrks "32-/ Ympfmemk ";3-/ Vgst Ympfmemk "7-/ ked

Vmscjesme ";>-% Ijp ajpg meijpaktmje/ sgg@PGEEKE CGETGP IJPHWSTMCG/0>;0YJTMEF OKVCBKEFGS8 KSSGD KED ^GEDMEFOGFMSOKTMJETBKT BKS TBG ^JTGETMKO TJ SW^^PGSS TBGYJTG "0>;0-/ kykmokòg ktbtt~8**`pgeeke%3cde%egt*`992;;k99=3=>6k`ìZ4ca9èg}~%~di%

3 ^bjtj MD `moos vgpg smfegd metj okv me gmfbt stktgs Kok`kak/ Lkesks/ ^gees}oykemk/ Pbjdg Msoked/ Sjwtb Ckpjomek/ Tgeegssgg/Tgrks/ ked Vmscjesme ked ~kssgd `} pgigpgedwa me Amssmssm~~m% Tbg} vgpg metpjdwcgd me kt ogkst 34 stktgs% SggVGMSGP)EJPDGE/sw~pkejtg ;/ kt 7< sgg kosj 0>;0YJTMEF OKVCBKEFGS/ sw~pkejtg 0%

4 VGMSGP)EJPDGE/ sw~pkejtg ;/ kt 0< @PGEEKE CGETGP IJPHWSTMCG/CMTMXGESVMTBJWT ^PJJI 3 "0>>9-/ kykmokòg ktbtt~8**vvv%`pgeekecgetgp%jpf*~kfg*!*d*djveojkdZimogZ3=040%~di%

7 CMTMXGESVMTBJWT ^PJJI/sw~pkejtg 4/ kt 3%

9 ^pjji ji cmtmxgesbm~ `moos ~kssgd me Kok`kak/ Lkesks/ ked Tgeegssgg% SggVGMSGP)EJPDGE/ sw~pkejtg ;/ kt ;6%

6 VGMSGP)EJPDGE/ sw~pkejtg ;/ kt ;2< CMTMXGESVMTBJWT ^PJJI/sw~pkejtg 4/ kt 0%

2 CMTMXGESVMTBJWT ^PJJI/sw~pkejtg 4/ kt 0%

= Iojpmdk/ Moomejms/ Akmeg/ Jbmj/ Tgrks/ ked Vmscjesme koo ~kssgd pgfmstpktmje pgstpmctmjes% SggVGMSGP)EJPDGE/sw~pkejtg ;/ kt 0!3%

;> Iojpmdk/ Moomejms/ ked Tgrks ~kssgd pgstpmctmjes je yjtgp pgfmstpktmje dpmygs% Sgg md%

;; @PGEEKE CGETGP IJPHWSTMCG/CKST JWT 2 "0>>9-/ kykmokòg ktbtt~8**`pgeeke%3cde%egt*;d=0ggki=4030k=>3;Zxda9`9jli%~di< sggkosjVGMSGP)EJPDGE/ sw~pkejtg ;/ kt ;=!0>< DMKEK LKSDKE/STKTG PGSTPMCTMJES JEYJTGPPGFMSTPKTMJE DPMYGS 3 "0>;0-/kykmokòg ktbtt~8**`pgeeke%3cde%egt*0997c09ki`dd=k4`cgZmea9ò{v;%~di%

;0 VGMSGP)EJPDGE/ sw~pkejtg ;/ kt 0> ) 42 e%;93< LKSDKE/sw~pkejtg ;;/kt 3 ) = e%0;%

;3 Akmeg ked Jbmj `jtb ~kssgd okvs tj ged Gogctmje Dk} pgfmstpktmje% SggVGMSGP)EJPDGE/ sw~pkejtg ;/ kt 07!02% Bjvgygp/ me`jtb stktgs tbgsg giijpts vgpg wedjeg8 me Akmeg cmtmxges jpfkemxgd tj pg~gko tbg okv ked me Jbmj tbg ogfmsoktwpg pgygpsgd mtsgoi kitgpcmtmxges jpfkemxgd k pgigpgedwa tj pg~gko tbg okv% Sgg meipk^kpt MM;0YJTMEF OKVCBKEFGS/ sw~pkejtg 0/ kt ;>/ ;2%

;4 Vmscjesme mecpgksgd mts pgsmdgec} pg{wmpgagets tj 07 dk}s ipja ;> dk}s `gijpg sjagjeg cke pgfmstgp tj yjtg/ vbmog Iojpmdk ~kssgd kokv `kppmef yjtgps vbj ajyg `gtvgge cjwetmgs ipja w~dktmef tbgmp kddpgss kt tbg ~joos% Sgg0>;0YJTMEF OKVCBKEFGS/sw~pkejtg0/ kt 4/ 34%

;7 Kt ogkst emeg stktgs metpjdwcgd `moos tj pgdwcg gkpo} yjtmef ked ijwp tpmgd tj pgdwcg k`sgetgg yjtmef j~~jptwemtmgs% Tbgsg mecowdgdIojpmdk/ Fgjpfmk/ Akp}oked/ Egykdk/ Egv Hgpsg}/ Egv Agrmcj/ Ejptb Ckpjomek/ Jbmj/ Tgeegssgg/ Vgst Ympfmemk/ ked Vmscjesme% Sgg

VGMSGP)EJPDGE/ sw~pkejtg ;/ kt 0=%

;9Md% kt 33 ) 74 e%063%

;6Md% kt 34!37%

;2Sggfgegpkoo}A]PEK ^PGX/ YJTGP^WPFGS "0>>2-/ kykmokòg ktbtt~8**`pgeeke%3cde%egt*7dg;``7c`g0c4>c`>cZs>a9`{sly%~di%


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;= Dmkek Lksdke/ Stktg Ogfmsoktwpgs Vmed Djve/ wpfg pjfpkas mcl W~/ @PGEEKE CGETGP IJPHWSTMCG "Kwf% 06/ 0>;0-/ kykmokòg ktbtt~8**vvv%`pgeekecgetgp%jpf*òjf*kpcbmygs*stktgZogfmsoktwpgsZvmedZdjveZ~wpfgZ~pjfpkasZ~mclZw~*< sgg kosj Fpgf Kooge/ VjpodVkp MM Ygt Ckwfbt W~ me Iojpmdks Yjtgp wpfg Cjetpjygps}/ E^P "Ak} 3;/ 0>;0-/ kykmokòg ktbtt~8**vvv%e~p%jpf*òjfs*mtskoo~jomtmcs*0>;0*>7*3;*;74>0>02=*vjpod!vkp!mm!ygt!ckwfbt!w~!me!iojpmdks!yjtgp!~wpfg!cjetpjygps};0-/ kykmokòg ktbtt~8**vvv%cbpje%cja*egvs*kptmcog*Kfpggaget!geds!Tgrks!yjtgp!~wpfg!`gijpg!gogctmje!3=;9644%~b~%

0> Cmed} Fgjpfg/ Dms~wtg Jygp Dgkd Yjtgps me Bkppms Cjwet} ms Imekoo} Pgsjoygd/ BJWS%CBPJE% "Sg~% ;=/ 0>;0-/ kykmokòg ktbtt~8**vvv%cbpje%cja*egvs*bjwstje!tgrks*kptmcog*Dms~wtg!pgsjoygd!jygp!dgkd!yjtgp!msswg!326=>2;%~b~< Cbwcl Omedgoo/ StktgSgttogs Okvswmt je Dgkd Yjtgp ^wpfg/ KWSTMEKAGPMCKE!STKTGSAKE "Jct% 3/ 0>;0-/ kykmokòg ktbtt~8**vvv%stktgsake%cja*egvs*egvs*stktg!pgfmjeko!fjyt!~jomtmcs*stktg!sgttogs!okvswmt!je!dgkd!yjtgp!~wpfg*eSSdf*%

0; Akpc Ck~wtj/ ^ktpmcmk Akxxgm ) Keek Gdfgptje/ Iojpmdk Sgeds Gogctmje Dg~kptagets Omst ji ;=2 jtgetmko Ejecmtmxges< Sjag Ak} BkygMoogfkoo} Yjtgd/ AMKAM BGPKOD "Sg~% 09/ 0>;0-/ kykmokòg ktbtt~8**vvv%amkambgpkod%cja*0>;0*>=*09*y!iwoostjp}*3>00326*iojpmdk!sgeds!gogctmje!dg~kptagets%btao%

00 Dmkek Lksdke/ Tbg Egkpo} Eje!Cmtmxge wpfgs/ @PGEEKE CGETGP IJPHWSTMCG "Sg~% ;4/ 0>;0-/ kykmokòg ktbtt~8**vvv%`pgeekecgetgp%jpf*òjf*kpcbmygs*tbgZegkpo}Zeje!cmtmxgeZ~wpfgs*< sgg kosj Akp} Vmetgp/ Cjygpmef tbg Sgkpcb ijp EjecmtmxgeYjtgps/ CJOWA%HJWPEKOMSA PGY% "Jct% 00/ 0>;0-/ kykmokòg kt

btt~8**vvv%chp%jpf*svmefZstktgsZ~pjhgct*cjygpmefZtbgZsgkpcbZijpZejecmtmxgeZyjtgps%~b~:~kfg1koo< Myke Ajpgej/ CJ Gogctmjes CbmgiAjymef Ikst je Cmtmxges Cbgcl/ S%I%CBPJE% "Hwo} ;6/ 0>;0-/ kykmokòg ktbtt~8**vvv%sifktg%cja*egvs*kptmcog*CJ!gogctmjes!cbmgi!ajymef!ikst!je!cmtmxges!cbgcl!36;4>46%~b~#mrxx0={}{xsvv< Myke Ajpgej/ Cjoj% Vjet Pgygko Sws~gctgd Megomfmòg Yjtgps/ S%I%CBPJE%"Kwf% 0;/ 0>;0-/ kykmokòg ktbtt~8**vvv%sifktg%cja*egvs*kptmcog*Cjoj!vje!t!pgygko!sws~gctgd!megomfmòg!yjtgps!32>7024%~b~< MykeAjpgej/ 3>> Ajpg Sws~gctgd Ejecmtmxges je Cjojpkdj Yjtgp Pjoos me 0ed Pjwed ji Cbgcls/ VKSB%^JST "Jct% 03/ 0>;0-/ kykmokòg ktbtt~8**vvv%vksbmeftje~jst%cja*ektmjeko*k~egvs`pgkl!3>>!ajpg!sws~gctgd!ejecmtmxges!je!cjojpkdj!yjtgp!pjoos!me!0ed!pjwed!ji!cbgcls*0>;0*;>*03*;g>9c`k>!;d63!;;g0!22;6!4;`=k6kkk`c6Zstjp}%btao%

03 Ajpgej/ 3>> Ajpg Sws~gctgd Ejecmtmxges je Cjojpkdj Yjtgp Pjoos me 0ed Pjwed ji Cbgcls/ sw~pkejtg 0%

04 Cja~okmet/Hwdmcmko Vktcb/ Mec% y% Bwstgd/ Ej% 08;0!cy!6=0 "S%D% Jbmj Kwf% 3>/ 0>;0-< Cja~okmet/Hwdmcmko Vktcb/ Mec% y% Lmef/ Ej% ;8;0!cy!2>> "S%D% Med% Hweg ;;/ 0>;0-< ^pgss Pgogksg/ @pgeeke Cgetgp ijp Hwstmcg/ Amcbmfke Sgcpgtkp} ji Stktg Awst Geswpg Tpkes~kpgec}/Ikmpegss ked ^pjtgct Yjtgps Pmfbts "Jct% ;>/ 0>;0-/ kykmokòg ktbtt~8**vvv%`pgeekecgetgp%jpf*cjetget*pgsjwpcg*amcbmfkeZsgcpgtkp}ZjiZstktgZawstZgeswpgZtpkes~kpgec}ZikmpegssZkedZ~pjtgctZy*

07

@ksgd je k egv keko}sms ji tbg yjtgp cbkoogefgp okvs me koo imit} stktgs/ tbg pgcget @pgeeke Cgetgp pg~jpt/ YJTGPCBKOOGEFGPS/aklgs tbg ijoojvmef lg} imedmefs8 cbkoogefgp okvs kpg swscg~tmòg tj k`wsg/ bmstjpmckoo} tbg} bkyg `gge wsgd tj sw~~pgss egvo}ipkecbmsgd fpjw~s/ ked me pgcget }gkps tbg} bkyg `gge wsgd tj tkpfgt yjtgps ji cjojp/ stwdgets/ ked yjtgps vmtb dmsk`momtmgs% E MCJOKSPMOG]/YJTGPCBKOOGEFGPS "0>;0-/ kykmokòg ktbtt~8**`pgeeke%3cde%egt*=gdic932>2`6ì>c>=Z}7a9m}i3k%~di% Tbgsg imedmefs kpgcjesmstget vmtb ke gkpomgp @pgeeke Cgetgp pg~jpt kssgssmef yjtgp cbkoogefgs ks jeg cja~jeget ji k `pjkdgp s~gctpwa ji `koojtsgcwpmt} j~gpktmjes ckppmgd jwt `} ~jomtmcko j~gpktmygs ked ~pmyktg fpjw~s ked tbkt bkyg tbg giigct ji sw~~pgssmef gomfmòg yjtgps%

VGED]VGMSGP)YMSBKOKFPKBKPLKP/@KOOJT SGCWPMT] KEDYJTGPSW^^PGSSMJE8VBKT MT MS KEDVBKT TBG OKVSK]S "0>;0-/kykmokòg ktbtt~8**`pgeeke%3cde%egt*4=gc3g=i=0cd>>4629Zm{a9`kjx3%~di%

09 Emcjoks Pmog}/ Cbkoogefgps Cke Ckwsg Bgkdkcbgs kt tbg joos/ @PGEEKE CGETGP IJPHWSTMCG "Kwf% 3;/ 0>;0-/ kykmokòg ktbtt~8**vvv%`pgeekecgetgp%jpf*òjf*kpcbmygs*cbkoogefgpsZckeZckwsgZbgkdkcbgsZktZtbgZ~joos*< DGAJS )CJAAJE CKWSG/@WOOMGS KT TBG @KOOJT @JR8^PJTGCTMEF TBG IPGGDJA TJYJTGKFKMESTVPJEFIWO CBKOOGEFGS KED METMAMDKTMJE "0>;0-/kykmokòg ktbtt~8**vvv%dgajs%jpf*smtgs*dgikwot*imogs*~wòmcktmjes*@woomgsKtTbg@koojt@jr!Imeko%~di%

06 PMOG]/ sw~pkejtg 07 kt 3= e%;7=< Jpdgp Fpketmef ôkmetmiis Ajtmje ijp Tga~jpkp} Pgstpkmemef Jpdgp kt 3/ S~gecgp y% @okclvgoo/

Ej% C!;!>4!632 "S%D% Jbmj Ejy% ;/ 0>>4-%02 Dgtkmogd meijpaktmje k`jwt gkcb ji tbgsg okvs/ mecowdmef dgscpm~tmjes ked dktgs ji ~ksskfg/ cke `g ijwed me tbg @pgeeke Cgetgpspg~jpt/ 0>;0YJTMEF OKVCBKEFGS/ sw~pkejtg 0%

0= P%AMCBKGOKOYKPGX )HJEKTBKE EKFOGP/GOGCTMJE DK]YJTGPPGFMSTPKTMJE ME CKOMIJPEMK 0 "0>;;-/ kykmokòg ktbtt~8**vvv%cjaajeckwsg%jpf*kti*ci*'6@I@3C;6G0!CDD;!4DI9!=0@G!@D440=2=3997'6D*CK'0>GDP'0>Pg~jpt'0>!'0>IMEKO'0>K^P'0>0>;;%~di% Tbg pgsgkpcb swffgsts tbkt tbg ~jsmtmyg twpejwt giigcts kpg gyge bmfbgp ijp sjag dgajfpk~bmcfpjw~s/ mecowdmef }jwefgp yjtgps/ tbjsg vbj bkyg ajygd/ ked egvo} ektwpkomxgd cmtmxges% Md% kt 4%


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3> Hjpdke Bjvkpd/Akmeg ^gj~ogs Ygtj ji Yjtgp Pgfmstpktmje Okv tj @g je @koojt/ BWIIMEFTJE ^JST "Sg~% =/ 0>;;-/ kykmokòg ktbtt~8**vvv%bwiimeftje~jst%cja*0>;;*>=*>=*akmeg!~gj~ogs!ygtj!yjtgp!pgfmstpktmje!`koojt!agkswpgZeZ=77769%btao< Gpmc Pwssgoo/

Akmegps Yjtg tj Cjetmewg Gogctmje Dk} Pgfmstpktmje/ @KEFJPDKMO]EGVS "Ejy% =/ 0>;;-/ kykmokòg ktbtt~8**`kefjpdkmo}egvs%cja*0>;;*;;*>2*~jomtmcs*gkpo}!pgswots!medmcktg!gogctmje!dk}!yjtgp!pgfmstpktmje!pgstjpgd*%

3; Fogee Kdkas/Akmeg Yjtgps Pgstjpg Gogctmje Dk} Pgfmstpktmje/ @JS%FOJ@G "Ejy% 2/ 0>;;-/ kykmokòg kt

btt~8**vvv%`jstje%cja*egvs*ojcko*akmeg*kptmcogs*0>;;*;;*>2*akmegZyjtgpsZdgcmdgZjeZgogctmjeZdk}Zpgfmstpktmje*< StgygAmstogp/ Vg S~jlg vmtb Jeg Yjmcg8 Akmegps Yjtg tj Lgg~ Gogctmje Dk} Pgfmstpktmje/ AKMEG SWEHJWPEKO "Ejy% 2/ 0>;;-/ kykmokòg ktbtt~8**vvv%swehjwpeko%cja*egvs*stktg*0>;;*;;*>=*vg!s~jlg!jeg!yjmcg!akmegps!yjtg!lgg~!gogctmje!dk}!pgfmstpktmje*;;;0=;3%

30 Kee Skeegp/ Jbmj Gogctmje Okv Ijgs JL tj Pgswag Pg~gko/ PGKO COGKP^JOMTMCS "Kwf% ;2/ 0>;;-/ kykmokòg ktbtt~8**vvv%pgkocogkp~jomtmcs%cja*egvs*k~*~jomtmcs*0>;;*Kwf*;2*jbmjZgogctmjeZokvZijgsZjlZtjZpgswagZpg~gkoZgiijpt%btao%

33 Hjg Fwmooge/Kejtbgp Yjtgp Pgigpgedwa8 Jbmj Sgcpgtkp} ji Stktg Cgptmimgs Smfektwpgs tj wt Gogctmjes Okv je Egrt ]gkps @koojt/COGYGOKED%CJA "Dgc% =/ 0>;;-/ kykmokòg ktbtt~8**vvv%cogygoked%cja*j~ge*medgr%ssi*0>;;*;0*kejtbgpZyjtgpZpgigpgedwaZjbmj%btao< Dkyg Bkpdmef/ Ikmp Gogctmjes JbmjDgomygps ;99/;42 Kddmtmjeko gtmtmje Smfektwpgs ijp B@;=4 Pgigpgedwa/ ^PJFPGSS JBMJ "Ejy% 00/ 0>;;-/ kykmokòg ktbtt~8**vvv%~pjfpgssjbmj%jpf*òjf*0>;;*;;*ikmp!gogctmjes!jbmj!dgomygps!;99;42!kddmtmjeko!~gtmtmje!smfektwpgs!ijp!b`;=4!pgigpgedwa%btao%

34 Fwmooge/ sw~pkejtg 33%

37 Hjg Fwmooge/ Jbmj Bjwsg Yjtgs tj Pg~gko Cjetpjygpsmko Gogctmje Okv/ COGYGOKED%CJA "Ak} 2/ 0>;0-/ kykmokòg ktbtt~8**vvv%cogygoked%cja*j~ge*medgr%ssi*0>;0*>7*jbmjZbjwsgZyjtgsZtjZpg~gkoZcje%btao%

39Dgtkmogd @moo Meijpaktmje ijp B%@% ;70/ AJET%OGFMSOKTWPG/btt~8**okvs%ogf%at%fjy*ogf~pd*OKV>0>3V$@SPY%Kctmje[wgp}:^ZSGSS10>;;;)^Z@OT^Z@MOOZT]^ZCD1B@)^Z@MOOZEJ1;70)^Z@MOOZDITZEJ1)^ZCB^TZEJ1)XZKCTMJE1Imed)^ZS@HTZS@HZCD1)^ZGET]ZMDZSG[1 "okst ymsmtgd Jct% 07/0>;0-%

36SI7>= Stktws me Sgektg ijp Ogfmsoktmyg Sgssmje 26/ AMEE%OGFMSOKTWPG/btt~s8**vvv%pgymsjp%ae%fjy*pgymsjp*~kfgs*sgkpcbZstktws*stktwsZdgtkmo%~b~:`1Sgektg)i1SI7>=)sse1>)}10>;; "okst ymsmtgd Jct%07/ 0>;0-%

32Kctmjes ijp S%@% 3/ AJ%OGFMSOKTWPG/btt~8**vvv%sgektg%aj%fjy*;;meij*@TSZVg`*Kctmjes%ks~r:SgssmjeT}~g1P)@mooMD14>970=4 "okst ymsmtgd Jct% 07/ 0>;0-%

3=Bjwsg @moo 37; Meijpaktmje*Bmstjp}/ E%C%FGE%KSSGA@O]/btt~8**vvv%ecogf%egt*fkscpm~ts*@mooOjjlW~*@mooOjjlW~%~o:@mooMD1B37;)Sgssmje10>;; "okst ymsmtgd Jct% 07/ 0>;0-%

4>Djclgt ji S@;0=/ E%B%FGE%CJWPT/btt~8**fgecjwpt%stktg%eb%ws*`mooZstktws*`mooZdjclgt%ks~r:osp140>)s}10>;;)sjptj~tmje1)trtsgssmje}gkp10>;;)trt`mooewa`gp1s`;0=){1; "okst ymsmtgd Jct% 07/ 0>;0-%

4; ^pgss Pgogksg/ E%B% Fjy% Hjbe O}ecb/ Fjygpejp O}ecbs Ygtj Agsskfg Pgfkpdmef S@ ;0= "Hweg 06/ 0>;;-/ kykmokòg ktbtt~8**vvv%fjygpejp%eb%fjy*agdmk*egvs*0>;;*>906;;!s`;0=%bta%

40 ^pgss Pgogksg/ E%B% Fjy% Hjbe O}ecb/ Fjygpejps Ygtj Agsskfg Pgfkpdmef S@ 02= "Hweg 06/ 0>;;-/ kykmokòg ktbtt~8**vvv%fjygpejp%eb%fjy*agdmk*egvs*0>;0*>90;;0!ygtj!s`02=%bta%

43Djclgt ji S@02=/ E%B%FGE%CJWPT/

btt~8**vvv%fgecjwpt%stktg%eb%ws*`mooZstktws*`mooZdjclgt%ks~r:osp10273)s}10>;0)sjptj~tmje1)trtsgssmje}gkp10>;0)trt`mooewa`gp1S@02= "okst ymsmtgd Jct% 07/ 0>;0-%

44@moo Tpkclmef ijp S@;/ YK%FGE%KSSGA@O]/ btt~8**oms%ympfmemk%fjy*cfm!`me*ogf~9>4%grg:;0;,swa,S@; "okst ymsmtgd Jct% 07/ 0>;0-%

47@moo Tpkclmef ijp B@=/ YK%FGE%KSSGA@O]/ btt~8**oms%ympfmemk%fjy*cfm!`me*ogf~9>4%grg:;0;,swa,B@= "okst ymsmtgd Jct% 07/ 0>;0-%

49 ^pgss Pgogksg/ Yk% Fjy% @j` AcDjeegoo/ Fjygpejp AcDjeegoo Tklgs Kctmje je 0>;0 Fgegpko Kssgaò} Ogfmsoktmje "K~p% ;>/0>;0-/ kykmokòg ktbtt~8**vvv%fjygpejp%ympfmemk%fjy*egvs*ymgvPgogksg%cia:md1;;=6%


33/41

YJTMEF OKV CBKEFGS8 GOGCTMJE W^DKTG | 0=

46 ^pgss Pgogksg/ Yk% Fjy% @j` AcDjeegoo/ Fjygpejp AcDjeegoo Smfes S@ ; ked B@ = ked Msswgs Grgcwtmyg Jpdgp "Ak} ;2/ 0>;0-/kykmokòg ktbtt~s8**vvv%fjygpejp%ympfmemk%fjy*egvs*ymgvPgogksg%cia:md1;093)~pmet~kfg1]gs%

42Md%

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Voting Law Changes: Election Update