VOCABULARY LISTS FOR BASIC ENGLISH, MATH, AND …

St. Gabriel's Job Enrichment for School Progress DePaul Center for Urban Education © 2007

http://teacher.depaul.edu/St_Gabriels_Resources/St_Gabriels_Resources.html

VOCABULARY LISTS FOR BASIC ENGLISH, MATH, AND CONTENT AREA LEARNERS

To learn new vocabulary, students should have several opportunities to hear it, use it in their own communication, and relate it to other words. The following word lists provide general English terms (p. 2) and words from social studies, science, and math that are essential to student understanding. Teachers at upper grades will want to consult these lists to enable students to use English terms as they are all relevant to upper grade learning—they are basic to learning at earlier grades and should be part of the students’ functional vocabulary at the upper grades.

A set of guides for vocabulary activities and writing activities is available at http://teacher.depaul.edu/St_Gabriels_Resources/St_Gabriels_Resources.html

for students to work on to expand their vocabularies through classifying words and using them in writing.

CONTENTS: Dolch List of 220 Common Sight Words..................................................................2 Social Studies Vocabulary Geography Vocabulary............................................................................................3 Culture Vocabulary..................................................................................................4 Government Vocabulary..........................................................................................5 Economics Vocabulary............................................................................................6 Science Vocabulary Ecology Vocabulary.................................................................................................7 Technology Vocabulary...........................................................................................8 Systems of Science Vocabulary..............................................................................9 Discoveries and Inventions Vocabulary...................................................................10 Math Vocabulary Math Content and Vocabulary.................................................................................11



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BASIC ENGLISH VOCABULARY These are the 220 most common words in English communication. Students should sort these words into categories. Then they should use them to make up sentences with other words. DOLCH LIST OF 220 COMMON SIGHT WORDS a did her never sing walk about do here new sit want after does him no six warm again done his not sleep was all don’t hold now small wash always down hot so we am draw how of some well an drink hurt off soon went and old start were any eat I on stop what are eight if once when around every in one take where as into only tell which ask fall is open ten white at far it or thank who ate fast its our that why away find out the will first jump over their wish be five just own them with because fly then work been for keep pick there would before found kind play these write best four know please they better from pretty think yellow big full laugh pull this yes black funny let put those you blue light three your both gave like ran to bring get little read today brown give live red together but go long ride too buy goes look right try by going round two good made run call get many under came green make said up can grow may saw upon carry me say us clean had much see use cold has must seven come have my shall very could he myself she cut help show



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Geography Vocabulary Use these words to help student learn about places and find examples of the themes of geography: characteristics of a place, location, movement, region, relationships in a place. Those are standards-based themes of geography. Add more words that are important to your curriculum.

P1 P2 P3 M1 M2 M3-ONGOING above around below down home in inside left map middle neighborhood out outside right up

alley city community country county direction east far map key north sign south state street trade west

border boundary cardinal direction compass distance environment location global metropolitan northeast northwest North Pole pollution population resource southeast southwest South Pole symbol urban

altitude Antarctic Circle Arctic Circle area continent eastern equator exact location flood control hemisphere journey landform latitude longitude mobility navigate population density province rain forest region technology time zone western

absolute location central business district deforestation desertification developed developing ecosystem human characteristics intermediate direction irrigation land use legend migration natural vegetation physical characteristics raw material relative location rural urban

agriculture cartography geographical map industrialization international linear scale linkage manufacturing industry international dateline meridian political map population distribution Prime Meridian raw material relief map revolution rotation settlement patterns shifting cultivation taiga terrace thematic map tropic

Students should: Make word/picture glossaries; draw pictures or find pictures that show what each word means; translate the words; add more words they find as they learn about this subject; use these words to describe and explain what they learn.



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Culture Vocabulary These terms are important to standards-based social studies. Add more words that are important to your curriculum.

PK P1 P2 P3 P4-M3--Ongoing brother family father feel help here hope live mother share sister song sound

color flag good grandparent help holiday home hope light live parent share show there

building change law need now past place present pride share then today rule value when work

celebrate city communicate community cooperate distance history idea important landmark message past proud route shelter transportation

agriculture ancestor archaeologist architect architecture artifact barter border capital century ceremony change communicate community conflict constant continue country culture current custom

design develop diversity empire ethnic group event extended family forum generation heritage history historian homeland identity immigrant initiative justice language leader liberty

migrant migrate mission native nationalism nomad patriot pioneer progress progressive recognize refugee responsibility shelter society symbol town trade value village




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Government Vocabulary These terms are important to standards-based social studies. Add more words that are important to your curriculum. P1 P2 P3 P4/5 P6 M1-3/ongoing family feelings few friend many money neighborhood rule share small today tomorrow yesterday

choose citizen city community country court elect law lead leader rule state tax town

boundary capital cause century choice city council colonist community effect government governor immigrant judge lawyer leadership mayor political party reason responsibility right suburb

allegiance ballot border citizens Civil War Congress county democracy democratic district government branch governor heritage illegal legal nation political politics president rationale representativesenate senator state government union

amendment bill civil rights congress constituent district Emancipation Proclamation enact enforce executive injustice judicial justice legislate legislative legislator majority minority overturn representative senate senator veto

alternative assess charter coalition compact compromise decree deliberate dictator electoral college empire evaluate human rights municipal government popular vote provisional regulate republic sovereign swing vote




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Economics Vocabulary These terms are important to standards-based social studies. Add more words that are important to your curriculum.

P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6-M/3 Ongoing bakery bank have help job money need store street time tool want wish work working

buy coin consumer crop dollar factory farm goods machines needs office oil pipeline producer resource sell service shopper store tools trade train truck worker

barter business consumer cost demand energy government health market mine price problem producer railroad resource service worker shipping suburban supply tax trade transportation urban workplace

agriculture cattle cargo cash crop commerce communicationsfood processing employer employment goods harbor harvest income industry labor land use lumber meat packing producer production region service worker shipment transport system union wage

apprentice assembly line boom boycott cash crop depression efficiency economy export housing import industrial revolution labor union market merchant monopoly poverty stock strike tariff technology unemployment

boycott capital capitalism cash crop conservation credit currency debt development division of labor economics economist efficiency embargo excise financial free enterprise gross national product income tax hunter and gatherer hydroelectric power industrialization inflation interdependence

interest invest nonrenewable per capita income policy profit productivity raw materials single source economy specialization standard of living subsistence economy surplus tariff taxation value value added wealth working conditions




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Ecology Vocabulary These terms are important to standards-based science. Add more words that are important to your curriculum. Add more words that are important to your curriculum.

P1 P2 P3 M1 M2 M3-Ongoing air alive animal behind bird blue body body brown cloud day far fish flower green in front less more near night plant rainbow sunshine tree water yellow

autumn different dinosaur earth eat farm forest frog insect lake lakeshore measure nature park rain river season seed spring summer weather winter

climate degree desert environment egg fern food chain fruit gas grassland hatch leaf life cycle liquid migrate mineral moss planet pollen root solid stem survive vegetable

amphibian backbone bacteria biology biome cactus carbon dioxide cartilage conservation decay decompose energy food web fossil fuel function habitat incisor mammal molar ocean habitat organism oxygen niche reptile

adapt algae amoeba behavior botany carnivore cell chlorophyll cold-blooded ecosystem extinction glacier herbivore inherit instinct marsupial membrane nucleus omnivore photosynthesis protein pupa rain forest response spore stimulus warm-blooded

anatomy asexual reproduction chloroplast coniferous cross-pollination deciduous evergreen fungus germination homeostasis host invertebrate metamorphosis paramecium parasite permafrost pistil protozoan reproduction respiration rhizome savannah scavenger sexual reproduction stamen symbiosis taxonomy temperate forest vertebrate




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Technology Vocabulary These terms are important to standards-based science. Add more words that are important to your curriculum. Add more words that are important to your curriculum. P1 P2 P3/4 P5 P6 M1-3/ongoing air big cold color cool drink feel gas hot light see shape size small smell solid warm water wet

few foot inch large little many metal mile paper rock short tall wood

balance effort energy force friction fulcrum function gravity inclined plane invention lever machine mechanical motion pull pulley simple machine slope wheel wheel and axle work

absolute zero acceleration attract boiling point Celsius deceleration degree electromagnet energy transfer Fahrenheit force friction inertia insulator magnet magnetic magnetic field magnetic force magnetism mechanical energy melting point pole temperature

absorption Bernoulli's principal conduction conductor convection drag electrical expand filament fuel energy gravity illuminate incandescent lift mass prism radiant thermostat wave neon power radiation rate reflection refraction sound thrust

data equilibrium evidence gravitational force hypothesis kinetic energy materials matter momentum physical potential potential energy predict probability procedure projectile proof property range resistance rotate scientific method terminal velocity theory thermal universal gravitation variable velocity




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Systems of Science Vocabulary These terms are important to standards-based science. Add more words that are important to your curriculum.

P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 M1 M2/3 road sound transportation vibration earth rock water weather moon season sun year

rock soil water weather attract magnet repel earth galaxy moon solar system sun

landform lightning mountain storm thunder igneous metamorphic sedimentary soil coal natural resource oil timber water

consumer environment food chain food web producer climate prey produce season survive astronomer gravity meteor planet solar system biome condensation moisture precipitation season temperature

acid rain condensation evaporation landform leaching precipitation storm water table water vapor atmosphere climate cloud type frost hurricane temperature tornado abiotic asteroidal impact atmosphere earth history mass extinction orbit planet season volcanism

air pressure atmosphere dew jet stream moisture temperature glacier leaching rock cycle soil formation storm valley glacier water table black hole density mass red giant telescope white dwarf

botany competition consumer evolution food chain producer reproductive rate scavenger digestive endocrine excretion nervous system organ reproduction respiration respiratory system tissue transport vital function appendage camouflage decomposition defensive structure food chain fungus microorganism reproductive rate season spine atmosphere biodegradability cloud type homeostasis humidity natural resource solar heating temperature regulation troposphere wind

air mass air pressure atmosphere evaporation freezing point front jet stream lithosphere monsoon smog storm asteroid black hole comet constellation gravitational force orbital motion planet radio telescope sphere universe erosion fracture igneous leaching metamorphic organic rock sedimentary seismic seismograph viscosity volcanic eruption water weathering




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Discoveries and Inventions These terms are important to standards-based science. Add more words that are important to your curriculum. Choose the words that your class will learn. Add new words, too.

P1 P2 P3/4 P5/6 Ongoing big different dig find found go hear know learn listen little look make

map new now read same saw see small tell think try use

connect could be discover experiment explore figure out idea imagine invent invention inventor knew look for look into hypothesis improve locate news

note observe predict prove reason reveal results science scientific method scientist search sense sight study technology tool uncover useful

analyze data detect design discoverer discovery examine excavate expedition enlighten findings identify inform information innovation inquire knowledge

notice observation prediction reasoning require research researcher resource revelation revolution route technique trace uncover unearth unfamiliar vision




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MATH CONTENT AND VOCABULARY At each of these grade cycles, the following terms should be part of the students’ working vocabularies. Source of the lists of words: ISBE. For more math resources from ISBE, go to ISBE.net.

By Primary 3rd Grade 12 inches = 1 foot 12 months = 1 year 2-dimensional 3 feet = 1 yard 365 days = 1 year 366 days = 1 leap year 3-dimensional 52 weeks = 1 year 7 days = 1 week a.m. abbreviations for days and months about above addends addition (+) angle area average bar graph below between capacity cardinal numbers centimeter (cm) cents (50¢ or $0.50) chance/chances change chart circle circle graph cone congruent coordinates corner cube cup

cylinder decimal diameter difference digit distance divisible division (÷, /, fraction bar) dollars ($) dozen drawn to scale edge/edges equal equation estimate/estimation even/even number face/faces factor farthest figure flips folded foot/feet (ft) fraction gallon gram (g) graph greater greatest grid group height hexagon histogram horizontal hour

hundred impossible inch (in.) is equal to (=) kilogram (kg) is greater than (>) is less than (<) is not equal to (≠) kilometer (km) label least least likely length less than likely line line graph line of symmetry line segment long mass measure measurement meter (m) metric mile (mi) milligram (mg) milliliter (mL) millimeter (mm) minus month more than most most likely multiply/multiplication (X) nickel

non-standard unit number cube number line number pair number pattern number sentence octagon odd/odd number operation order ordered pair (x, y) ordinal numbers ounce (oz) p.m. pair parallel parallelogram pattern pentagon perimeter pictograph pie graph pint place value plane figure plus point polygon possible pound (lb and #) prediction prism probability probable probably problem solving

product pyramid quadrilateral quart quarter quotient radius/radii ray reasonable rectangle rectangular prism rectangular pyramid represents results rhombus right angle round down round up same scale scale of numbers second segment set shape side/sides similar single size solid figure solve spent sphere spinner square square centimeters square pyramid

standard unit steps subtraction (–) sum survey symbol symmetry/symmetrical table tally tally chart temperature thousand time ton total trapezoid triangle triangular prism triangular pyramid true turns twice unit unknown unlikely value variable Venn diagram vertex/vertices vertical volume week (wk) weight wide width yard (yd)



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By Primary 6th grade By Middle Grade 2 acute angle angle approximately arc base bisect characteristic chord circumference column combination composite number congruent symbols in coordinate graph correspond cubic units (3) data decimeter degrees (°) degrees Celsius (°C) degrees Fahrenheit (°F) diagonals diagram dimensions dividend divisor elapsed time equilateral triangle exactly expression gallon (gal) greatest common factor heptagon intersect intersecting lines irregular polygon is approximately equal to (≈) is congruent to (≅) is parallel to ( || ) is perpendicular to (⊥) is similar to (~) isosceles triangle

least common multiple liter (L) lowest terms mean (arithmetic average) median midpoint miles per hour (mph) mode multiple multiply/multiplication (* or •) nonagon nth term obtuse angle order of operations per percent (%) perpendicular pint (pt) polygons portion prime number proportion quart (qt) quotient random range ratio (“:” or “to”) reflections regular polygon right angle symbol right triangle rotations row scale drawing scalene triangle sequence slides square units (2) stem-and-leaf plot time zone ton (t) triangle (∆) value of

adjacent alternate exterior angles alternate interior angles altitude approximate ascend/ascending order axes commission complementary compound inequality consecutive convert corresponding angles decagon descend/descending order discount distinct divisibility domain down payment earns factorial foot (ft or ‘) function fundamental counting girth hypotenuse inch (in. or “) independent inequality is greater than or equal to (≥) is less than or equal to (≤) maximum

measure of angle minimum odds permutation principle proportionally Pythagorean Theorem quadrants radical random rate real number satisfy scattergram semi-circle sequence simple interest skew square root supplementary surface area transversal vertical angles x-axis y-axis

Activity Projects to Make these Words Working Vocabularies Students can sort these words into categories such as "operations" words and "size and shape" words. They also can use them as a check-list for their own math glossaries. Vocabulary from these lists should be included in explanations and in multiple choice and open-ended questions that students construct and take so they become confident math readers and writers. The words are cumulative, so students at upper grades should have a working knowledge of all the words on the tables. Students needing more assistance in learning these terms should learn them in context not as isolated words. Therefore, they should use them in sentences they write to explain what they mean with math examples they find or create.

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VOCABULARY LISTS FOR BASIC ENGLISH, MATH, AND …