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The Vocabulary.com Top 1000 1000 wordsMay 19, 2011 By Vocabulary.com

The top 1,000 vocabulary words have been carefully chosen to represent difficult but commonwords that appear in everyday academic and business writing. These words are also the mostlikely to appear on the SAT, ACT, GRE, and ToEFL.To create this list, we started with the words that give our users the most trouble and thenranked them by how frequently they appear in our corpus of billions of words from editedsources. If you only have time to study one list of words, this is the list.

Def initions N otes & Examples Word s Only order: List order

1. consider deem to be

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

At the moment, artemisinin-based therapies are considered the best treatment, but cost about $10 per dose - far too much for impoverished communities.Seattle T i mes (Feb 16, 2012)

2. minuteinfinitely or immeasurably small

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

The minute stain on the document was not visible to the naked eye.

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3. accordconcurrence of opinion

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

The committee worked in accord on the bi ll, and it eventually passed.

4. evidentclearly rev ealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

That confidence was certainly evident in the way Smith handled the winning play with 14 secondsleft on the clock.Reuters (Jan 15, 2012)

5. practicea customary way of operation or behavior

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

He directed and acted in plays every season and became known for exploring Elizabethan theatre practices .BBC (Feb 16, 2012)

6. intendhave in mind as a purpose
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EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Lipstick, as a product intended for topical use with limited absorption, is ingested only in very small quantities, the agency said on its website.BusinessWeek (Feb 15, 2012)

7. concernsomething that interests you because it is important or affects youEXAMPL E SENTENCE:

The scandal broke out in October after former chief executive Michael Woodford claimed he wasfired for raising concerns about the company's accounting practices.BBC (Feb 15, 2012)

8. commitperform an act, usually with a negative connotation

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

In an unprecedented front page article in 2003 The Times reported that Mr. Blair, a young reporter on its staff, had committed journalistic fraud.New York Times (Feb 15, 2012)

9. issuesome situation or e ve nt that is thought about

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

As a result, the privacy issues surrounding mobile computing are becoming ever-more complex.Time (Feb 16, 2012)
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10. approachmove towards

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Spains jobless rate for people ages 16 to 24 is approaching 50 percent.New York Times (Feb 15, 2012)

11. establishset up or found

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

A small French colony, Port Louis, was established on East Falkland in 1764 and handed to theSpanish three years later.BBC (Feb 16, 2012)

12. utter without qualification; used informally as (often pejorative) intensifiers

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

No one can blame an honest mechanic for holding a wealthy snob in utter contempt.Ingersoll, Robert Green

13. conductdirect the course of; manage or control
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EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Scientists have been conducting studies of individual genes for years.BusinessWeek (Feb 15, 2012)

14. engageconsume all of one's attention or time

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

We had nearly two hundred passengers, who were seated about on the sofas, reading, or playing games, or engaged in conversation.Field, Henry M. (Henry Martyn)

15. obtaincome into possession of EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

He delayed making the unclassified report public while awaiting an Army review, but Rolling Stonemagazine obtained the report and posted it Friday night.New York Times (Feb 11, 2012)

16. scarcedeficient in quantity or number compared with the demand

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Meanwhile, heating oil could grow more scarce in the Northeast this winter, the Energy Department warned last month.New York Times (Jan 21, 2012)
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17. policya plan of action adopted by an individual or social group

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Inflation has lagged behind the central banks 2 percent target, giving policy makers extra scopeto cut rates.

BusinessWeek (Feb 15, 2012)

18. straightsuccessive (without a break)

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

After three straight losing seasons, Hoosiers fans were just hoping for a winning record.Seattle Times (Feb 15, 2012)

19. stockthe capital raised by a corporation through the issue of shares entitling holders to an ownership interest (equity)

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

In other words, Apples stock is cheap, and you should buy it.Forbes (Feb 16, 2012)

20. apparentclearly rev ealed to the mind or the senses or judgment
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EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

But the elderly creak is beginning to become apparent in McCartneys voice.Time (Feb 16, 2012)

21. propertya basic or essen tial attribute share d by all members of a class

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Owing to these magic properties , it was often planted near dwellings to k eep away evil spirits.Parsons, Mary Elizabeth

22. fancyimagine; conceive of; see in one's mind

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

For a time, indeed, he had fancied that things were changed.Weyman, Stanley J.

23.conceptan abstract or gene ral idea inferred or derive d from specific instances

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

As a psychologist, I have always found the concept of speed dating fascinating.Scientific American (Feb 13, 2012)
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24. courtan assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

When Brown pleaded not guilty to assaulting Rihanna, their violent past came out in court .Slate (Feb 16, 2012)

25. appointassign a duty, responsibility or obligation to

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

In 1863 he was appointed by the general assembly professor of oriental languages at New College.Various

26. passagea section of text; particularly a section of medium length

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

His interpretation of many obscure scriptural passages by means of native manners and customsand traditions is particularly helpful and informing.Sheets, Emily Churchill Thompson

27. vainunproductive of success

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

An attempt was made to ignore this brilliant and irregular book, but in vain ; it was read all over
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Europe.Various

28. instancean occurrence of something

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

In many instances large districts or towns would have fewer representatives than smaller ones, or perhaps none at all.Clarke, Helen Archibald

29. coastthe shore of a se a or ocean

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Martello towers must be b uilt within short distances all round the coast .Wingfield, Lewis

30. projecta planned unde rtaking

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

The funds are aimed at helping build public projects including mass transit, electric ity networks,water utility and ports, it said.BusinessWeek (Feb 17, 2012)
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31. commissiona special group delegated to consider some matter

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

The developers are now seek ing approval from the landmarks commission .New York Times (Feb 16, 2012)

32. constanta quantity that does not vary

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

In 1929, Hubble independently put forward and confirmed the same idea, and the parameter later became k nown as the Hubble constant .Nature (Nov 15, 2011)

33. circumstancesyour overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

The circumstances leading up to the shootings was not immediately available.Chicago Tribune (Feb 19, 2012)

34. constituteto compose or represent:"This wall forms the background of the stage setting"

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Oil and natural gas constituted almost 50 percent of Russian government revenue last year.
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35. levela relative position or degree of value in a graded group

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Only last month did the mens and womens unemployment rates reach the same level .New York Times (Feb 19, 2012)

36. affecthave an effect upon

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:The central bank will s tart distributing low-interest loans in early March to individuals and small- and medium-sized companies affected by the flooding.BusinessWeek (Feb 19, 2012)

37. instituteset up or lay the groundwork for

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Corporations have to be more and more focused on instituting higher labor standards.Washington Post (Feb 7, 2012)
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38. render give an interpre tation or rendition of

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

But authorities had rendered the weapon and the explosive device inoperable, officials said.Chicago Tribune (Feb 17, 2012)

39. appealbe attractive to

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

To get traditional womens accessories to appeal to men, some designers are giving them manly names and styles.New York Times (Feb 19, 2012)

40. generatebring into e xistence

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Qualities such as these are not generated under bad working practices of any sort.Hungerford, Edward

41. theorya well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world; an organized system of accepted knowledge thatapplies in a variety of circumstances to explain a specific set of phenomena

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:
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Testing that theory begins Saturday night, as the Capitals tak e on Tampa Bay in another important contest.Washington Post (Feb 18, 2012)

42. rangea variety of different things or activities

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Like American community colleges, admission at an open university is not competitive, but theschools offer a range of programs, including doctoral degrees.Time (Feb 19, 2012)

43.campaigna race between candidates for elective office

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

At the same point in 2004 as an incumbent facing re-election Mr. Bush had taken in about $145.6 million for his campaign .New York Times (Feb 18, 2012)

44. leaguean association of sports teams that organizes matches for its members

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

"When I broke into the big leagues until a month ago, Gary kept in touch," Mets third basemanDavid Wright said.Seattle Times (Feb 17, 2012)
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45. labor any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

More labor is entailed, more time is required, greater delay is occasioned in cleaning up, and theamount of water used is much greater.Hoskin, Arthur J.

46. confer have a confere nce in order to talk something ove r

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Ms. Stewart said Mrs. Bachmann conferred with her family and a few aides after her disappointing

showing on Tuesday evening.New York Times (Jan 4, 2012)

47. grantallow to have

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

He had been granted entry into the White House only for the daily briefing, later that afternoon.New York Times (Feb 17, 2012)

48. dwellthink moodily or anxiously about something

EXAMPL ESENTENCE:
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EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

But it is hardly necessary to dwell on so normal an event.Vinogradoff, Paul

49. entertainprovide e ntertainment for

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

The first Super Bowl in 1967 featured college marching bands entertaining the crowds at halftime.Reuters (Feb 6, 2012)

50. contracta binding agreement betwee n two or more pe rsons that is enforceable by law

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Contracts with utilities will be s igned starting next month, he said.BusinessWeek (Feb 16, 2012)

51. earnestcharacterized by a firm and humorless be lief in the validity of your opinions

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Too much praise cannot be given to the earnest and efficient missionaries who founded and havemaintained this mission.Miller, George A.
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52. yieldgive or supply

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

It is a very important honey plant, as it yields an exceptionally pure nectar and remains in bloom along time.Parsons, Mary Elizabeth

53. wander to move or cause to move in a sinuous, spiral, or circular course

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

While each animal wandered through the maze, its brain was working furiously.New York Times (Feb 16, 2012)

54. insistbe e mphatic or resolute and refuse to budge

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Interior Department officials insisted that they had conducted an extensive scientific inquiry beforemoving ahead with the spill response plan.New York Times (Feb 17, 2012)

55. knightoriginally a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry; today in Great Britain a person honored by the sovereign for personal merit

EXAMPL ESENTENCE:
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pdfcrowd.comopen in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

The knight was gallant not only in war, but in love also.Crothers, Samuel McChord

56. convincemake (someone) agre e, unde rstand, or realize the truth or v alidity of something

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

But though he listened he was not convinced .Reade, Charles

57. inspireserve as the inciting cause of

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

His surprising performance inspired an outpouring of fan adoration that has been dubb ed "Linsanity." Chicago Tribune (Feb 19, 2012)

58. conventiona large formal assembly

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Last year, the industrys main trade convention , the Inside Self-Storage World Expo, organized workshops in Las Vegas focusing on lien laws and auction sales.New York Times (Feb 17, 2012)
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59. skillan ability that has bee n acquired by training

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

He says many new drivers are terrified of motorway driving because they do not have the skills or confidence needed.BBC (Feb 20, 2012)

60. harryannoy continually or chronically

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Theres something uplifting about hearing a string instrument when Im feeling ragged or harried .New York Times (Feb 9, 2012)

61. financialinvolving financial matters

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Meanwhile, universities have raised tuition every year, putting many students in a financial bind.New York Times (Feb 20, 2012)

62. reflectshow an image o f

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Teens ranting over chores and whatnot can often reflect deeper feelings of alienation or perceived
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g p g puncaring on the part of parents.Time (Feb 17, 2012)

63. novelan extended fictional work in prose; usually in the form of a story

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Before Robert Barr publishes a novel he spends years in thinking the thing out. Anonymous

64. furnishprovide or e quip with furniture

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Instead, according to court documents, the money went toward furnishing mansions, flying in private jets, and retaining a $120,000-a-year personal hairstylist.BusinessWeek (Feb 1, 2012)

65. compelforce somebody to do somethingEXAMPL E SENTENCE:

But the flames grew too large, compelling firefighters to call off the rescue.New York Times (Feb 18, 2012)

t
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66. ventureproceed somewhere de spite the risk of possible dangers

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Clearly he would not venture to descend while his enemy moved.Strang, Herbert

67. territorythe ge ographical area under the jurisdiction of a sove reign state

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

On Friday, West Africa regional group Ecowas condemned the rebels, urging them to end hostilitiesand surrender all occupied territory .BBC (Feb 18, 2012)

68. temper a characteristic (habitual or relatively temporary) state of feeling

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Oscar Wilde, to do him justice, bore this sort of rebuff with astonishing good temper and sweetness. Anonymous

69. bentfixed in your purpose

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

The business-oriented constituency of the Republican Party, Jacobs said, has been weakened by
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a faction bent on lowering taxes and cutting spending.BusinessWeek (Feb 17, 2012)

70. intimatemarked by close acquaintance , association, or familiarity

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

The female spider can choose when to cut off intimate relations by eating her partner, or k ick ing him out.Scientific American (Jan 31, 2012)

71. undertakeenter upon an activity or ente rprise

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

An autopsy has reportedly been undertaken but the results are not expected for several weeks .The Guardian (Feb 13, 2012)

72. majority(elections) more than half of the v otesEXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Republicans need just four seats in the Senate to take control as the majority party.Reuters (Feb 7, 2012)

73 assert
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73. assertto de clare or affirm solemnly and formally as true

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

In your talk you asserted the pill's risks of blood clotting, lung artery blockage, heart attack and stroke are minimal.Science Magazine (Feb 18, 2012)

74. crewthe men and women who man a vehicle (ship, aircraft, etc.)

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Several pilots and crew members would have to escape at once, while safety divers watched, ready to rescue anyone who became stuck.New York Times (Feb 6, 2012)

75. chamber a natural or artificial enclosed space

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

"Today," said the old man, "you must push through with me into my most solitary chamber , that wemay not be disturbed." Carlyle, Thomas

76. humblemarked by meekness or modesty; not arrogant or prideful

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Challenging yourself, playing up against stronger, tougher, and overall better competition will keep
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you humble . Washington Post (Jan 17, 2012)

77. schemean elaborate and systematic plan of action

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Some companies in the Globe District of Arizona have started extensive underground schemes for mining large tonnages very cheaply by "caving" methods.Hoskin, Arthur J.

78.keenhaving or demonstrating ability to recognize or draw fine distinctions

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Not one of his movements escaped her keen observation; she drank in every shiver.Wingfield, Lewis

79. liberalhaving political or social views favoring reform and progressEXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Romneys actually done well in open primaries where fiscally conservative yet socially liberal independents have backed him over his opponents.Time (Feb 14, 2012)
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80. despair a state in which all hope is lost or absent

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

There were wounded love, and wounded pride, and despair , and coming madness, all in that piteous cry.Reade, Charles

81. tidethe pe riodic rise and fall of the se a leve l under the gravitational pull of the moon

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

In the case of mobile connectivity, a rising tide does not lift all boats.Slate (Feb 9, 2012)

82. attitudea complex mental state involving beliefs and feelings and values and dispositions to act in certain ways

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

"Behaviours have changed and attitudes have changed," Mr Taylor said.BBC (Feb 16, 2012)

83. justifyshow to be reasonable or provide adequate ground for

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

He felt sure that if the circumstances justified it, the necessary proceedings could be taken. Anonymous
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Anonymous

84. flagemblem usually consisting of a rectangular piece of cloth of distinctive design

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas declared three days of mourning and ordered flags flown at half staff.New York Times (Feb 16, 2012)

85. meritany admirable quality or attribute

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Thus far in our inquiry extraordinary merits have been offset by extraordinary defects. Ayres, Harry Morgan

86. manifestrev eal its presence or make an appearance

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

A too rapid transformation of existing conditions might very easily lead to an economic cris is,symptoms of which are already beginning to manifest themselves.Vay, P?ter

87. notion
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87. notiona general inclusive concept

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Does that old notion that defense wins championships st ill hold up these days?Seattle Times (Jan 13, 2012)

88. scalerelative magnitude

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

And there might not be much money, so fashion shows are done on a much smaller scale .Seattle Times (Feb 17, 2012)

89. formalcharacteristic of or befitting a person in authority

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

A formal decision to call off the search is lik ely on Wednesday, rescue officials said.New York Times (Jan 31, 2012)

90. resourceavailable source of wealth; a new or re serve supply that can be drawn upon when ne eded

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Economists assume that, under normal conditions, markets will allocate resources efficiently, headded.

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91. persistcontinue to e xist

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Old ideas, long after the conditions under which they were produced have passed away, often persist in surviving.Ingersoll, Robert Green

92. contemptlack of respect accompanied by a feeling of intense dislike

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

And with his backhanded contempt for all things ordinary, Blake is making some of the catchiest,most difficult music in recent memory.Time (Dec 20, 2011)

93. tour a journey or route all the way around a particular place or area

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

He typed in South Park and took senior executives on a tour of Web sites offering pirated episodes.New York Times (Feb 8, 2012)

94. plead
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penter a plea, as in courts of law

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Aria pleaded not guilty, but he ack nowledged that he had violated some laws.New York Times (Feb 18, 2012)

95. weighto be oppressive or burde nsome

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

So far, the political turmoil has not appeared to have discouraged visitors, but prolonged strifecould weigh on tourism.New York Times (Feb 11, 2012)

96. modehow something is done or how it happens

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Speaking of s cience, he says, in language far in advance of his times: There are two modes of knowingby argument and by experiment. Adams, W. H. Davenport (William Henry Davenport)

97. distinctiona discrimination between things as different and distinct

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

But such a distinction is quite external; at heart the men may be very much alike. Anonymous
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98. inclinedat an angle to the horizontal or vertical position

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:Such an inclined passage following a seam of coal is k nown as a s lope.Hoskin, Arthur J.

99. attributean abstraction belonging to or characteristic of an entity

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

The authors found that when the available prospects varied more in attributes such as age, height,occupation and educational back ground, people made fewer dating proposals.Scientific American (Feb 13, 2012)

100. exertmake a great effort at a mental or physical task

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

School boards may come to exert even greater influence over what students read.Forbes (Jan 23, 2012)

101. oppress
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come down on or keep down by unjust use of one's authority

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Those who managed to survive were later oppressed by Poland's post-war communist authorities.Reuters (Jan 18, 2012)

102. contendcompete for something; engage in a contest; measure one self against others

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

But eight men, however bold and stout-hearted, could not long contend with an enemy at least four times their number.Strang, Herbert

103. stakea strong wooden or metal post with a point at one end so it can be driven into the ground

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

His remains were buried in Cannon Street, and a stake was driven through the body. Andrews, William

104. toilwork hard

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

He toiled in the sweat of his brow, tilling the stubborn ground, taking out stones, building fences.

Adler, Felix
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105. perishpass from physical life and lose all bodily attribute s and functions necessary to sustain life

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Simon Wiesenthal's parents are long since deceased, with his father dying in World War I and hismother perishing in the Holocaust.BBC (Feb 14, 2012)

106. dispositionyour usual mood

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Melancholia the state of mind can hide behind seemingly sunny dispositions .Seattle Times (Dec 28, 2011)

107. railcomplain bitterly

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Mr. Gray railed against lengthy stage directions, saying he crossed them out in scripts before hewould begin rehearsals with his actors.New York Times (Feb 7, 2012)

108. cardinal
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(Roman Catholic Church) one of a group of more than 100 prominent bishops in the Sacred College who advise the Popeand elect new Popes

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Each time he names cardinals he puts his stamp on Roman Catholicism's future by choosing menwho share his views.Chicago Tribune (Feb 18, 2012)

109. boastshow off

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Mr. Es tes was also well connected politically, boasting that the president of the United States took his calls.New York Times (Dec 10, 2011)

110. advocatea person who pleads for a cause or propounds an idea

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Well, safety advocates , consumers and the government dragged the automobile industry toward

including seat belts, air bags, more visible taillights and other safety features.New York Times (Feb 19, 2012)

111. bestowpresent

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

He bestowed public buildings and river improvements in return for votes.Gilb Cli W (Cli W ll )
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Gilbert, Clinton W. (Clinton Wallace)

112. allegereport or maintain

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

It is b eing fired into enclosed areas and homes, the human rights group alleges .BBC (Feb 7, 2012)

113. notwithstandingdespite anything to the contrary (usually following a concession)

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

He seems to have tak en things easily enough, notwithstanding the sorrow and suffering that surrounded him on every side. Adams, W. H. Davenport (William Henry Davenport)

114. loftyof imposing height; especially standing out above othersEXAMPL E SENTENCE:

He found himself in an enormous hall with a lofty ceiling.Blasco Ib??ez, Vicente

115. multitude
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a large indefinite number

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Department store chains in general have been strained in recent years as a " multitude " of alternatives has emerged, all competing for customers.Chicago Tribune (Dec 28, 2011)

116. steephaving a sharp inclination

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

It was narrow and very steep , and had precipices in all parts, so that they could not mount upward except one at a time.Various

117. heedpay close attention to; give hee d to

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

But Cain was already too far gone to heed the warning voice. Adler, Felix

118. modestnot large but sufficient in size or amount

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

A healthy person living in an unfashionable city with no student loans to pay off can get by on afairly modest income.Slate (Feb 17, 2012)
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Slate (Feb 17, 2012)

119. partialbeing or affecting only a part; not total

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Generalizations of this sweeping order are apt to contain only partial truth.Clarke, Helen Archibald

120. apt(usually followed by `to') naturally disposed toward

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Another reason to display beds at an electronics show: consumers are apt to use high-tech deviceswhile tuck ed in.New York Times (Jan 9, 2012)

121. esteemthe condition of being honored (este emed or respected or well regarded)

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Despite being held in the highest esteem by his fellow poets, Redgrove never quite achieved thecritical reception or readership he deserved.The Guardian (Feb 10, 2012)

122. credible
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appearing to merit belief or acceptance

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Mike Mullen, then chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff , has ack nowledged receiving the memo but said he ignored it as not credible .New York Times (Dec 19, 2011)

123. provokeprovide the ne eded stimulus for

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

It provoked a bigger reaction than we could ever have anticipated.The Guardian (Feb 10, 2012)

124. treada step in walking or running

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

The farmer went down, his clumsy boots making no sound on the uncarpeted stairway, so careful was his tread .

Woolson, Constance Fenimore

125. ascertainlearn or discover with certainty

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Health care providers and manufacturers can ascertain alternative treatment more effectively by tack ling predicted drug shortage incidences early in the process.Forbes (Feb 13, 2012)
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Forbes (Feb 13, 2012)

126. fareproceed or ge t along

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

A recent study breaks down how graduates with various college degrees are faring in todaysdifficult job market.Washington Post (Feb 17, 2012)

127. cederelinquish possession or control ove r

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Some militia chiefs s ay they will only cede command of their fighters once an organized military and security apparatus is in place.Reuters (Jan 3, 2012)

128. perpetualcontinuing forev er or indefinitely

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

The river is a perpetual enjoyment, always something going on.Waddington, Mary King

129. decree
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a legally binding command or decision entered on the court record (as if issued by a court or judge)

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

While the decree tak es effect immediately, it requires Parliaments approval within 60 days toremain in force.BusinessWeek (Jan 28, 2012)

130. contrivemake or work out a plan for; devise

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

The wily Roc, never taken much by surprise, contrived to escape, but old Tributor and his menwere all captured.Thornbury, Walter

131. derivedformed or de velope d from something e lse; not original

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Modern kale, cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, and kohlrabi are all members of the

same species, derived from a single prehistoric plant variety.Slate (Feb 21, 2012)

132. elaboratemarked by complexity and richness o f de tail

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

But the tobacco industry and owners of other convenience stores s ay tribal c igarette manufacturing is just an elaborate form of tax evasion
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is just an elaborate form of tax evasion.New York Times (Feb 22, 2012)

133. substantialhaving substance or capable of being treated as fact; not imaginary

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Defence lawyers said the large number of forensic tests which had been carried out had failed tofind any substantial evidence linked to the accused.BBC (Feb 23, 2012)

134. frontier a wilderness at the e dge of a settled are a of a country

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Adding to the precarious security situation, tribesmen k idnapped 18 Egyptian border guards along the frontier with Israel in Sinai Peninsula.New York Times (Feb 9, 2012)

135. facilearrived at without due care or effort; lacking depth

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

As one teacher remarks about a troubled student, There is no facile solution. New York Times (Oct 11, 2011)

i
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136. citemake refe rence to

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

The Federal Reserve has pledged low interest rates until late 2014, citing in part the weakness of the job market.BusinessWeek (Feb 21, 2012)

137. warrantshow to be reasonable or provide adequate ground for

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

In the United Kingdom and Europe the devices are not used unless the need is warranted by the

patient's medical condition.US News (Jan 17, 2012)

138. sobweep convulsively

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

He cried and trembled, sobbing , while they spoke, lik e the child he was.Weyman, Stanley J.

139. rider a traveler who actively rides an animal (as a horse or camel)

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

In horseback riding, a rider will give commands by squeezing or lengthening the reins and altering the position of his legs
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the position of his legs.Time (Jan 5, 2012)

140. densepermitting little if any light to pass through because of denseness of matter

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Dense black smoke rose in the distance as demonstrators burned tires in Shiite villages.BusinessWeek (Feb 14, 2012)

141.afflictcause physical pain or suffering in

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Melanoma globally afflicts nearly 160,000 new people each year.Reuters (Dec 16, 2011)

142. flourishgrow v igorouslyEXAMPL E SENTENCE:

His business had been all along steadily flourishing , his patrons had been of high social position,some most il lustrious, others actually royal.Petherick, Horace William

143. ordain
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o dainvest with ministerial or priestly authority

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

One of the present bishops was consecrated when quite a young boy, and deacons are oftenordained at sixteen, and even much earlier.Bird, Isabella L. (Isabella Lucy)

144. pioushaving or showing or expressing revere nce for a deity

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Mother, you see, is a very pious woman, and she attributes it all to Providence, saying that it wasthe Divine interference in her behalf.

Various

145. vexcause annoyance in; disturb, e specially by minor irritations

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

There are vexing problems slowing the growth and the practical implementation of big datatechnologies.Forbes (Oct 21, 2011)

146. gravity(physics) the force of attraction between all masses in the universe; especially the attraction of the earth's mass for bodies

near its surface

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

O t d th bi d bj t ill h t f it d b i i g i
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Once captured, the combined object will have a new center of gravity and may be spinning in anuncontrolled way.Science Magazine (Feb 15, 2012)

147. suspended(of undissolved particles in a fluid) supported or kept from sinking or falling by buoyancy and without apparent attachment

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Frustrating enough at ground level, but can you imagine the agony about a stranded, ever-soggier Oreo being suspended 11 feet above the ground?Washington Post (Feb 21, 2012)

148. conspicuousobvious to the eye or mind

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Its bright scarlet fruits are conspicuous in late autumn. Anonymous

149. retorta quick reply to a question or remark (espe cially a witty or critical one)

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Having put him in ill humour with this retort , she fled away rejoicing.Coster, Charles Th?odore Henri de
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150. jetan airplane powered by one or more jet engines

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Typhoon fighter jets , helicopters, two warships and bomb disposal experts will also be on duty toguard against security threats.

Seattle Times (Feb 20, 2012)

151. boltrun away; usually includes taking something or somebody along

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

The blare of bugles was heard, and a few seconds afterwards Jack son, st ill facing the enemy,shouted: "By Jupiter, they're bolting , sir." Strang, Herbert

152. assentto agree or express agreement

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

His two companions readily assented , and the promise was mutually given and received.Keightley, Thomas

153. purse

a sum of money spoken o f as the contents of a money purse

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

She watched over her husband kept his accounts held the family purse managed all his affairs
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She watched over her husband, kept his accounts, held the family purse , managed all his affairs.Shorter, Clement K.

154.plusthe arithmetic operation of summing; calculating the sum of two or more numbers

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

The surveys margin of error was plus or minus four percentage points.BusinessWeek (Dec 29, 2011)

155. sanctiongive authority or permission toEXAMPL E SENTENCE:

The Securities and Exchange Commission said last year it had sanctioned 39 senior officers for conduct related to the housing market meltdown.BusinessWeek (Feb 19, 2012)

156. proceeding(law) the institution of a seque nce of steps by which legal judgments are invoked

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Chu attended the special court-martial proceeding on Monday in Hawaii, Hill said.Reuters (Jan 30, 2012)

157. exalt
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157. exaltpraise, glorify, or honor

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Some exalt themselves by anonymously posting their own laudatory reviews.New York Times (Jan 26, 2012)

158. siegethe action of an armed force that surrounds a fortified place and isolates it while continuing to attack

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Rebellion broke out, and finally the aged Caliph, after enduring a siege of several weeks, wasmurdered in his own house.Nicholson, Reynold

159. malicefeeling a need to see others suffer

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

He viewed the moths with malice , their fluttering wings fanning his resentment.

Lyman, Olin L.

160. extravagantrecklessly wasteful

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Advisers say new millionaires are prone to mistakes, like making extravagant purchases or risky deals with friends.Reuters (Feb 2, 2012)
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( , )

161. waxincrease in phase

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Carols had existed for centuries, though their popularity waxed and waned as different governmentsand religious movements periodically declared them sinful.Time (Dec 12, 2011)

162. throngpress tightly together or cramEXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Deafening cheers rent the air as he landed; hundreds thronged around him to clasp his hand.Strang, Herbert

163. venerateregard with feelings of respect and rev ere nce; consider hallowed or e xalted or be in awe of

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

He venerated me like a being descended from an upper world.Blasco Ib??ez, Vicente

164. assailattack someone physically or emotionally
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attack someone physically or emotionally

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

His campaign even issued a press release assailing other rivals for, in Mr. Pauls view, taking Mr.Romneys quote about firing people out of context.New York Times (Feb 16, 2012)

165. sublimeof high moral or intellectual value; elevated in nature or style

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

He was uneven, disproportioned, saying ordinary things on great occasions, and now and then,without the s lightest provocation, uttering the sublimest and most beautiful thoughts.Ingersoll, Robert Green

166. exploitdraw from; make good use of

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

As humans increasingly exploit the deep seas for fish, oil and mining, understanding how species

are dispersed is crucial, Copley said.Scientific American (Jan 3, 2012)

167. exertionuse of physical or mental ene rgy; hard work

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

One day overcome by exertion , she fainted in the street.Ingersoll, Robert Green
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168. kindlecatch fire

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Then a match was kindled and fire applied.Warner, Susan

169. endowfurnish with an endowment

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

The grammar school here, founded in 1533, is liberally endowed , with scholarships and exhibitions.Various

170.imposedset forth authoritatively as obligatory

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

The Arab League has already suspended Syria and imposed economic sanctions.BusinessWeek (Feb 22, 2012)

171. humiliatecause to feel shame; hurt the pride of
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EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

The letter claims pensioners are too often patronised, humiliated , denied privacy or even medical treatment.BBC (Feb 22, 2012)

172. suffragea legal right guaranteed by the 15th amendment to the US Constitution; guaranteed to women by the 19th amendment

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

There has been a great deal said in this country of late in regard to giving the right of suffrage towomen.Ingersoll, Robert Green

173. ensueissue or terminate (in a specified way, state, etc.); end

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

An uproar ensued months after the approval, when opponents realized the online gambling measure had been slipped in.

New York Times (Feb 16, 2012)

174. brooka natural stream of water smaller than a river (and often a tributary of a river)

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

He walked across the l ittle b ridge over the brook and at once his mood changed.Mason, A. E. W. (Alfred Edward Woodley)
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175. galea strong wind moving 45-90 knots; force 7 to 10 on Beaufort scale

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

The gale was accompanied, as usual, by incessant rain and thick weather, and a heavy confused sea k ept our decks always flooded.Fitzroy, Robert

176. musereflect de eply on a subject

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Musing about the Big Picture may be a lot more gratifying than focusing on the details of thespecific policies that arent working.Time (Jan 24, 2012)

177. satirewitty language used to convey insults or scorn

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Theres plenty of humor on Russian television, though not much political satire ; Mr. Putin put a stopto that long ago.New York Times (Feb 13, 2012)

178. intrigue
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cause to be interested or curious

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Designing and building models that intrigue and educate without overwhelming has beenchallenging.Science Magazine (Nov 24, 2011)

179. indicationsomething that serve s to indicate or suggest

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Authorities said an autopsy found no indications of foul play or obvious signs of trauma onHouston.

Seattle Times (Feb 15, 2012)

180. dispatchsend away towards a designated goal

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

More than one assassin was dispatched by the Turkish authorities to murder Napoleon.Various

181. cower crouch or curl up

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

The knaves lowered their weapons and shrank back cowering before him.Weyman, Stanley J.
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182. wontan established custom

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

He made his customary slick feeds to open teammates, but as is their wont , the Nets struggled at times to convert points on his passes.New York Times (Feb 20, 2012)

183. tracta system of body parts that together serve some particular purpose

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

When probiotics flourish in the digestive tract , nutrients are better absorbed and bad bugs are held at bay, research suggests.Seattle Times (Jan 10, 2012)

184. canona collection of books accepted as holy scripture especially the books of the Bible recognized by any Christian church asgenuine and inspired

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

For me, all novels of any consequence are literary, and they take their place, high and low, in thecanon of English literature.The Guardian (Jan 10, 2011)

185 impel
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185. impelcause to move forward with force

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Some power beyond his comprehension was impelling him toward the neighboring city.Blasco Ib??ez, Vicente

186. latitudefreedom from normal restraints in conduct

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Great employees often get more latitude to b ring up controversial subjects in a group setting because their performance allows greater freedom.Inc (Feb 21, 2012)

187. vacateleave behind empty; move out of

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Their number diminished sharply after Villaraigosa announced last week that he wanted protestersto vacate the grounds by Monday or be forcibly removed.Chicago Tribune (Nov 30, 2011)

188. undertaking

any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

"Let my epitaph be, Here lies Joseph, who was unsuccessful in all his undertakings ." Marvin, Frederic Rowland
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189. slaykill intentionally and with pre meditation

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

"It were shame," said Lancelot, "for an armed to slay an unarmed man." Unknown

190. predecessor one who precedes you in time (as in holding a position or office)EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

Heller fills in the blanks about Taft, overshadowed by colorful predecessor Teddy Roosevelt.Seattle Times (Feb 22, 2012)

191. delicacythe quality of being beautiful and delicate in appearance

EXAMPL E SENTENCE:

This refinement appears in his works, whi

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