Vocabulaire Vocabulaire 3.23.2

Français IIFrançais II

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moodmood

A A moodmood is a set of verb is a set of verb forms used to indicate the forms used to indicate the speaker’s attitude toward speaker’s attitude toward the factuality or likelihood the factuality or likelihood of the action or condition of the action or condition expressed.expressed.

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mood (cont.)mood (cont.) English and French are similar English and French are similar

in that they share the following in that they share the following moods:moods:indicativeindicative ((le présentle présent and and le passé composéle passé composé))

used for factual statementsused for factual statementsimperativeimperative

expresses a commandexpresses a commandsubjunctivesubjunctive (We’ll learn this in French III / (We’ll learn this in French III /

IV.)IV.)

indicates doubt or unlikelihoodindicates doubt or unlikelihood

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le conditionnelle conditionnel

English and French are English and French are differentdifferent in that the in that the French consider the French consider the conditionnelconditionnel a mood. a mood.

Le conditionnel présentLe conditionnel présent is is often used in French to often used in French to express politeness.express politeness.

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le conditionnel le conditionnel présentprésent

To form To form le conditionnel le conditionnel présentprésent, use the , use the infinitiveinfinitive of regular verbs.of regular verbs.

Add the endings from the Add the endings from the imparfaitimparfait. (You’ll learn . (You’ll learn more about this past tense more about this past tense later in French II.)later in French II.)

-ais-ais -ions-ions-ais-ais -iez-iez-ait-ait -aient-aient

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skierskier au cond. présent au cond. présent Here’s the regular verb Here’s the regular verb

skierskier conjugated in the conjugated in the conditionnel présent:conditionnel présent:

skierskieraisaisI would skiI would ski

skierskierionsionswe would skiwe would ski

skierskieraisaisyou would skiyou would ski

skierskierieziezyou would skiyou would ski

skierskieraitait(s)he would ski(s)he would ski

skierskieraientaientthey would skithey would ski

You pronounce the -er-.

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PrononciationPrononciation For the endings, For the endings, -ais, -ait, -ais, -ait,

and and –aient–aient are all are all pronounced like the “ey” in pronounced like the “ey” in “hey.”“hey.”

Pronounce Pronounce –ions–ions: [ee oh: [ee ohnn] ] and and –iez–iez [ee ay]. [ee ay].

Here, Here, skier-skier- is pronounced is pronounced [skee air]. [skee air].

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vouloirvouloir au cond. au cond. présentprésent

One verb that is used One verb that is used often in the often in the conditionnel conditionnel présentprésent to express to express politeness is the verb politeness is the verb vouloirvouloir::

voudrvoudraisaisI would likeI would like

voudrvoudrionsionswe would likewe would like

voudrvoudraisaisyou would likeyou would like

voudrvoudrieziezyou would likeyou would like

voudrvoudraitait(s)he would like(s)he would like

voudrvoudraientaientthey would likethey would like

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FYIFYI To use To use irregularirregular verbs in the verbs in the

condionnel présentcondionnel présent, most of the , most of the time you have to . . . GASP! . . . time you have to . . . GASP! . . . memorize irregular stems. ARGH!memorize irregular stems. ARGH!

The irregular stem for The irregular stem for vouloirvouloir is is voudr-voudr-. .

The cool thing, though, is that The cool thing, though, is that these irregular stems work in these irregular stems work in both the both the conditionnel conditionnel and in the and in the futur futur tenses.tenses.

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Je pourrais avoir ___ ,Je pourrais avoir ___ ,s’il vous plaît.s’il vous plaît.

May I have ___, please.May I have ___, please.Insert the following in the Insert the following in the

blank in the French sentence blank in the French sentence above:above:

une bananeune bananede la tartede la tartedu beurredu beurredes orangesdes oranges

pourr- is the irregular stem for the verb pouvoir in

the cond. présent

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Vous pourriez me Vous pourriez me passer ___?passer ___?

Could (would) you pass me Could (would) you pass me ___?___?

formal / pluralformal / plural Here, Here, meme is an is an indirect indirect

object pronounobject pronoun.. You could pass ___ You could pass ___ to whomto whom??

Whatever you are passing the Whatever you are passing the person is the person is the direct objectdirect object.. You could pass You could pass whatwhat to me? to me?

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Tu pourrais me passer Tu pourrais me passer ___?___?

Could (would) you pass me Could (would) you pass me ___?___?

familiarfamiliar

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Vous voulez ___?Vous voulez ___?

Do you want ___?Do you want ___? formal / pluralformal / plural

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Tu veux ___?Tu veux ___?

Do you want ___?Do you want ___? familiarfamiliar

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Encore ___?Encore ___? Some more ___?Some more ___? Remember to include a Remember to include a

partitive articlepartitive article after after encoreencore if you are asking if you are asking someone if (s)he would like someone if (s)he would like a a portionportion more of what you more of what you are offering.are offering.Encore Encore dudu rôti de bœuf? rôti de bœuf?

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Voilà.Voilà.

Here it is.Here it is.

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Tenez.Tenez.

Here you are.Here you are. formal / pluralformal / plural

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Tiens.Tiens.

Here you are.Here you are. familiarfamiliar

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Oui, je veux bien.Oui, je veux bien.

Yes, I would.Yes, I would.

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Merci, ça va.Merci, ça va.

No thank you. I’ve had No thank you. I’ve had enough.enough.

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Je Je n’n’ai ai plusplus faim / soif. faim / soif.

I’m I’m notnot hungry / thirsty hungry / thirsty any moreany more..

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C’est vraiment bon.C’est vraiment bon.

This is really good!This is really good!

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C’était délicieux!C’était délicieux!

That was delicious!That was delicious!

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Ce n’est pas grand-Ce n’est pas grand-chose.chose.

It’s nothing special.It’s nothing special.

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Merci, c’est gentil!Merci, c’est gentil!

Thanks, that’s nice of you!Thanks, that’s nice of you!

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la tartinela tartine

bread, butter, jambread, butter, jam

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le café au laitle café au lait

coffee with milkcoffee with milk

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les céréales (f.)les céréales (f.)

cerealcereal

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le chocolat chaudle chocolat chaud

hot chocolatehot chocolate

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l’entrée (f.)l’entrée (f.)

first coursefirst course Faites attention!Faites attention! This is This is

what we call the main dish what we call the main dish in the United States. in the United States. Notice, though, that this Notice, though, that this noun comes from the verb noun comes from the verb entrerentrer (to enter). Hmmm! (to enter). Hmmm!

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le plat principalle plat principal

main coursemain course

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le dessertle dessert

dessertdessert Pronounce: [day ssehr]Pronounce: [day ssehr]

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vouloir = to wish; to vouloir = to wish; to wantwant

Révisons! (Let’s review.)Révisons! (Let’s review.) au présentau présent

vveueuxx vouvoullonsons

vveueuxx vouvoullezez

vveueutt vveueullentent

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pouvoir = to be able; pouvoir = to be able; cancan

Révisons! (Let’s review.)Révisons! (Let’s review.) au présentau présent

ppeueuxx poupouvvonsons

ppeueuxx poupouvvezez

ppeueutt ppeueuvventent

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les articles partitifsles articles partitifs

Révisons! (Let’s review.)Révisons! (Let’s review.) somesome Watch out for “Kat rule”!Watch out for “Kat rule”!

SS PPMM du (de du (de

l’)l’)FF de la (de de la (de

l’)l’)

desdes

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les articles indéfinisles articles indéfinis

Révisons! (Let’s review.)Révisons! (Let’s review.) a, an, some a, an, some (refers to (refers to

wholewhole items) items) Watch out for “Kat rule” Watch out for “Kat rule” d(e)! d(e)! SS PP

MM unun

FF uneunedesdes

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p. 71p. 71

Pay special attention to Pay special attention to the blue the blue VocabulaireVocabulaire box box on p. 71 to note on p. 71 to note differences between differences between French and American French and American meals.meals.

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Meal differencesMeal differences French meals are planned to French meals are planned to

facilitate digestion.facilitate digestion. entréeentrée = wakes up palate = wakes up palate plat principalplat principal = main part of the = main part of the

mealmeal saladesalade = the acidic dressing helps = the acidic dressing helps

digest the meatdigest the meat fromages et fruitsfromages et fruits = follow the meal = follow the meal

and contain enzymes that also aid and contain enzymes that also aid digestiondigestion