VNR VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Subject : Pavement Analysis, Design & Evaluation.

Subject Code : 13CED038

Academic Year : 2016 – 17

Number of Weeks : {8 + 8} = 16

Number of Hours / week : 3 + 1 = 4

Total number of periods planned : 64

Name of the Faculty Member : Dr. A. Ramesh

Course Objectives

Understand the basic modeling concepts used to analyze flexible and rigid

pavements.

Appreciate the variables used in the design of rigid pavements.

Understand the various types materials used for construction of pavement layers.

Learn to failures of pavements and its treatment measures.

Course Outcomes

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

CO – 1: The student should appreciate the stress used in designing flexible pavements

CO – 2: Student should explain the design process & its methods involved for analysis of

rigid pavement.

CO – 3: Students shall judge the properties of different materials used for construction of

Pavements.

CO – 4 : Student shall describe the measures to be considered for different failure types

that occur in pavement layers.

UNIT: I

Syllabus:

Some Fundamental of Pavements:

Functions and desirable characteristics of pavements. Types of pavement, Compare

pavement types - flexible & rigid pavements, functions of individual layers, factors

affecting design of pavements – wheel loads – ESWL concept - tyre pressure, contact

pressure, material characteristics - Environmental and other related factors.

Learning Objectives: After completion of the unit, the student must able to:

Pavement functions & desirable characteristics.

Types of pavement

Distinguish of flexible and rigid pavements

Calculate various design inputs of pavement.

Identify the characteristics of pavement

Concept of EWSL, material characteristics & environmental factors.

Lecture Plan

Assignment – 1

1) Two closely separated wheels of load 20.5 KN each and tyre pressure 0.7 MPa are

acting on a pavement section. If the two wheels are replaced by a single wheel

with the same tyre pressure, calculate the radius of the tyre imprint (idealized as

circle) of the single wheel.

2) The radius of a tyre imprint is approximated to a circle of 150 mm. What is the

maximum loading duration on a particular point of pavement by a truck moving at

a speed of 60 kmph?

3) Explain the factors affecting design of pavements.

4) Discuss the various types of pavements with neat sketches.

5) Find ESWL at depths of 5cm, 20cm and 40cm for a dual wheel carrying 2044 kg

each. The center to center tyre spacing is 20cm and distance between the walls of

the two tyres is 10cm.

Period

No. Name of Topic Method of Teaching

1. Introduction to pavement PPT & Black board

2. Pavement functions & desirable characteristics PPT & Black board

3. Types of pavement http://www.pavementinterac

tive.org/category/pavement/

4. Distinguish between flexible and rigid

pavements Black Board

5. Functions of pavement layers Black Board

6. Factors affecting design of pavements – ESWL

concept

https://www.civil.iitb.ac.in/t

vm/1100_LnTse/401_lnTse/

plain/plain.html

7. Problems with ESWL & EAL Black Board

http://www.pavementinterac

tive.org/article/equivalent-

single-axle-load/

8. Contact Pressure – Tyre Pressure Black Board

9. Problems for contact pressure Black Board

10. Material Characteristics PPT

11. Environmental Factors Black Board

UNIT: II

Syllabus:

Design of Flexible Pavements– Stress in Flexible pavements – Visco elastic theory and

assumptions. Layered system concepts, Stress solutions for one layer and two layered

systems. Fundamental design concepts, Methods of design of flexible pavements,

AASHTO and IRC method of Pavement design.

Learning Objectives: After completion of the unit, the student must able to:

Stress in flexible pavement.

Visco-elastic Theory –layer analysis

Design of pavements –methods

IRC & AASHTO method of pavement design

Period

No. Name of Topic Method of Teaching

12. Stresses in flexible pavement Black board

http://www.pavementinteractive

.org/article/flexible-pavement-

response/

13. Visco- elastic theory and assumptions Black Board & PPT

14. Layered system concepts. Black Board

www.pavementinteractive.org/a

rticle/flexible-pavement-

mechanistic-models/

15. Stress solutions for one layers Black Board

16. Problems on one layer theory

17. Stress solutions for Two & Three layer Black Board

https://www.civil.iitb.ac.in/~kv

krao/uploads/5/9/3/7/59372049/

ce742lec4.pdf

18. Numerical problems for two layer Black Board

19. Numerical problems for three layers

20. Methods of flexible pavement design PPT

21. IRC approach of flexible pavement design Black Board

22. Numerical problem on pavement design – IRC Black Board

23. AASHTO method of pavement design Black Board & PPT

24. Numerical problem on pavement design –

ASSHTO method Black Board

25. Compare IRC & AASHTO method of

pavement design Black Board & PPT

Assignment – 2

1. Explain the stress in flexible pavements

2. Explain the concepts of visco elastic theory

3. A plate bearing test using 750 mm diameter rigid plate was made on a sub-grade

as well as on 254 mm of gravel base course. The unit load required to cause

settlement of 5 mm was 69 kPa and 276 kPa, respectively. Determine the required

thickness of base course to sustain a 222.5 kN tyre, 690 kPa pressure and maintain

a deflection of 5 mm.

4. Given the three layer system shown in figure, determine all the stresses and

strains at the two interfaces on the axis of symmetry.

5. Explain design procedure of IRC & AASHTO method of flexible pavement.

6. It is proposed to widen an existing 2-lane National Highway section to 4-lane

divided road. Design the pavement for new carriageway with the following data

as per IRC: 37-2001

i) Initial traffic in each direction in the year of

Completion of construction = 5000 CV/day.

ii) Design life = 10 years /15 years

iii) Design CBR of sub-grade soil = 4.5%

iv)Traffic growth rate = 8%

v) Vehicle Damage Factor (VDF) = 4.0 (standard axles per CV)

UNIT: III

Syllabus:

Design of Rigid Pavement:

Stress in rigid pavements - Radius of relative stiffness of slab, modulus of sub-grade

reaction – stresses due to warping, stresses due to loads, stresses due to friction-

westergard’s theory of stress- IRC method of rigid pavement design - Importance of

joints; Types of joints – use of tie bar and dowel bars - AASHTO method of design.

Learning Objectives: After completion of the unit, the student must able to:

Calculate stresses in rigid pavement at three critical locations due to wheel load,

friction and temperature effect.

Importance of joints in rigid pavement,

Design of rigid pavement based on IRC and AASHTO method.

Assignment -3

1) Explain Westergaard’s analysis of stresses for rigid pavement

2) A concrete slab 7.62 m long, 3.66 m wide and 203 mm thick, is subjected to a

temperature differential of 11.1 oC. Assuming that k = 54.2 MN/m3 and a t =

9×10-6 /oC. Determine the maximum curling stress in the interior, edge and

corner of the slab. Take the radius of contact as a = 152 mm.

3) Compute the radius of relative stiffness of 20 cm thick cement concrete slab from

the following data

Period

No. Name of Topic Method of Teaching

26. Stress in rigid pavement Black board

https://www.civil.iitb.ac.in/~

kvkrao/uploads/5/9/3/7/5937

2049/ce742lec_8_11.pdf

27. Radius of Relative stiffness of slab Black Board & PPT

28. Modulus of sub-grade reaction Black Board

29. Westergard’s theory & assumptions Black Board

30. Concept of stresses due to wrapping, due to

load and due to friction

http://www.pavementinterac

tive.org/article/rigid-

pavement-response/

31. Numerical problems for stresses in rigid

pavement Black Board

32. IRC method rigid pavement Black Board

https://www.civil.iitb.ac.in/t

vm/1100_LnTse/411_lnTse/

plain/plain.html

33. Numerical problems of IRC method Black Board

34. Types of joints in rigid pavement Black Board

35. Use of dowel & tie bar Black Board & PPT

36. Numerical problems in dowel & tie bar Black Board & PPT

37. Numerical problems in dowel & tie bar Black Board

38. AASHTO method of rigid pavement Black Board & PPT

http://www.pavementinterac

tive.org/article/1993-aashto-

rigid-pavement-structural-

design/

39. AASHTO method of rigid pavement

Modulus of elasticity of cement concrete = 2.1X 105 kg/cm

2

Poisson’s ration for concrete = 0.13

Modulus of subgrade reaction = 3.0 kg/cm3; 8.0 kg/cm

3

3) Design size and spacing of dowel bars at an expansion joint of concrete pavement

of thickness 20 cm. Given the radius of relative stiffness of 90 cm. design wheel

load 4000 kg. Load capacity of the dowel system is 40 percent of design wheel

load. Joint width is 3.0 cm and the permissible stress in shear, bending and

bearing stress in dowel bars are 1000,1500 and 100 kg / cm2 respectively.

4) Design the length and spacing of tie bars given that the pavement thickness is

20cm and width of the road is 7m with one longitudinal joint. The unit weight of

concrete is 2400 Kg / m3, the coefficient of friction is 1.5, allowable working

tensile stress in steel is 1750 kg / cm2 , and bond stress of deformed bars is 24.6

kg / cm2

5) Describe IRC guide lines for rigid pavement design.

6) Find the allowable joint spacing of dowelled and undowelled contraction joints

for the following data based on joint opening criteria: Allowable joint opening for

dowelled joints: 6.4 mm Allowable joint opening for undowelled joints: 1.3 mm

DT = 33 oC; a t = 9.9 ×10-6 /oC; e = 1.0×10-4; C = 0.65

7) Design a dowel bar system for cement concrete slab for the following conditions:

i) Design wheel load = 4100 kg

ii) Design load transfer = 40%

iii) Slab thickness = 20 cm

iv) Joint width = 2.0 cm

v) Permissible flexural stress in dowel bar = 1400 kg/cm2

vi) Permissible shear stress in dowel bar = 1000 kg/cm2

vii) Permissible bearing stress in concrete = 100 kg/cm2

viii) Modulus of subgrade reaction = 8 kg/cm3

ix) Modulus of elasticity of cement concrete = 2.1X 105 kg/cm2

x) Poisson’s ration for concrete = 0.15

8) Explain the design process of continuously reinforced cement concrete pavement

UNIT: IV

Syllabus:

Highway Material Construction Aspects:

Highway Materials - Soil, Aggregate and bitumen, Aggregate Properties and their

importance - test on bitumen- Bitumen Concrete –Requirements of marshal method of

mix design – blending of aggregates, Bituminous mixes, highway construction-

Construction of Earth roads – Gravel Roads – WBM Roads- Bituminous Pavement.

Cement Concrete Pavements- Steps in Construction – Reinforced Concrete Pavements –

Soil – cement stabilization and soil – lime stabilization.

Learning Objectives: After completion of the unit, the student must able to:

Soil, Aggregate and Bitumen.

Quality Test on bituminous materials.

Importance of Highway materials.

Bituminous mixes

Earth, Gravel, WBM & Bitumen Roads.

Construction steps in Cement concrete and bitumen roads.

Reinforced Concrete Pavements

Cement stabilization and soil lime stabilization.

Lecture Plan

Period

No. Name of Topic Method of Teaching

40. Importance of highway materials Black board

41. Physical properties of aggregate & importance Black Board

https://www.google.co.in/?g

fe_rd=cr&ei=bIdTWOGyE7

TT8gfv17T4Dw#q=highwa

y+materials+aggregates+test

+

42. Bitumen Properties and grading Black Board

43. Marshal Method of mix design Black Board

http://www.pavementinterac

tive.org/article/marshall-

mix-design/

44. Marshal Method of mix design https://www.civil.iitb.ac.in/t

vm/1100_LnTse/404_lnTse/

plain/plain.html

45. Numerical problems for Marshal Method of

mix design Black Board

46. Highway constructions importance Black Board

47. Construction of WBM, earth roads Black Board & PPT

48.

Construction of Bituminous pavements Black Board

49. Construction of cement concrete pavement Black Board & PPT

50. Reinforcement of cement concrete pavement Black Board & PPT

www.fhwa.dot.gov/paveme

nt/concrete/pubs/hif12039/

hif12039.pdf

51. Methods of soil stabilization Black Board

Assignment -4

1) What are the various tests for judging the suitability of road stones? Discuss the

objects of carrying out each of these tests and their advantages and limitations.

2) Discuss the desirable properties of bitumen. Compare Bitumen and Tar.

3) Give the standards prescribed by the IRC and MORTH for aggregate tests and

also for bitumen tests.

4) Explain the test procedure of marshal method of mix design.

5) Explain how resilient modulus test is conducted on bounded mixes

6) Explain the test on CBR & modulus of sub-grade reaction of soil

7) Explain how soil – cement stabilization is performed on sub-grade layers.

UNIT: V

Syllabus:

Pavement Evaluation:

Need for highway maintenance – pavement failures in flexible pavements – types and

causes – rigid pavement failures – types and causes – pavement evaluation – Benkleman

Beam method –strengthening of existing pavements –Overlays, IRC method of overlay

design, importance of profile correction course.

Learning Objectives: After completion of the unit, the student must able to:

Need for highway maintenance.

Flexible pavement failures – Types and causes.

Rigid pavement failures – Types and causes.

Overlay Design- concepts.

Benkleman Beam method.

Importance of profile correction course.

52. Soil – cement stabilization Black Board & PPT

53. Soil – lime stabilization

Lecture Plan

Assignment -5

1. Explain the need for highway maintenance.

2. Explain the types and causes of flexible and rigid pavements.

3. Explain the procedure of BBD test as per IRC 81

4. Explain the importance of profile correction course.

Period

No. Name of Topic Method of Teaching

54. Failures in flexible pavements Black board

55. Causes and treatment measures in flexible

pavements

Black Board

http://nptel.ac.in/courses/10

5101087/19-

Ltexhtml/p7/p.html

56. Types and causes in rigid pavement failures Black Board

http://www.asphaltinstitute.

org/asphalt-pavement-

distress-summary/

57. Pavement evaluation techniques Black Board

58. Importance of strengthening of pavements Black Board

http://www.pavementinterac

tive.org/article/existing-

surface-preparation-for-

overlays/

59. Concept of overlays Black Board

https://www.civil.iitb.ac.in/~

kvkrao/uploads/5/9/3/7/5937

2049/ce742lec_21.pdf

60. Benkelman Beam deflection method – Overlay

design Black Board

61. Benkelman Beam deflection method – Overlay

design Black Board & PPT

62. IRC method for overlay design Black Board

63. Numerical problem on overlay design Black Board

64. Importance of profile corrective course Black Board & PPT

Extra Topics

65. Fatigue life determination for flexible

pavements

Black Board & PPT

http://www.pavementinterac

tive.org/article/flexible-m-e-

failure-criteria/ 66. Rutting & Stripping importance in pavements

TEXT BOOK:

1. Highway Engineering by S. K. Khanna & C. E. G. Justo; Nemchand & Brothers,

Roorkee (2000)

2. Principles & Practices of Highway Engineering by L.R. Kadiyali & Dr. N.B.Lal

– Khanna Publishers (2003)

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Principles of Transportation Engineering by Partha Chakroborty & Aminesh

Das; Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi.

2. Principles of Pavement Design – Yoder & Wit Zorac – Jhonwilley & Sons

3. Principles of Pavement Design Yang H. Huang second edition Pearson hall

publications

REFERENCE CODES:

1. IRC: 37 – 2001 Guidelines for Design of Flexible Pavements (Second Revision).

The Indian Road Congress 2001

2. IRC: 58 – 2002 Guidelines for Design of Plain & Jointed Cement Concrete

Pavements. The Indian Road Congress

3. IRC: 81 – 1984 Guidelines for Design of Overlays by Benkelman Beam

Deflection method. The Indian Road Congress

4. Ministry of Surface Road Transport (MOST): Specifications for Road and Bridge

Works (Third Revision). Published by Indian Road Congress 2000.

5. All Relevant ASTM & IRC specifications of Mix Design & Test on Road

materials.

6. Mix Design Methods for Asphalt Concrete and Other Hot-Mix Types. Manual

Series No. 2 (MS-2). Asphalt Institute

VNR VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

IV B. Tech (Civil Engineering) II – Semester

Subject : Construction Technology and Project

Management

Subject Code : 13CED040

Academic Year : 2016 – 17

Number of Weeks : {7 + 6} = 13

Number of Hours / week : 5

Total number of periods planned : 65

Name of the Faculty Member : T.SrinivasaRao

UNIT: I

Syllabus:

Fundamentals of construction Technology – Construction activities – process –

construction schedule – construction records – documents – quality – safety – codes and

regulations

Learning Objectives: After completion of the unit, the student must able to:

Understand what is construction technology

Explain what are different construction activities and processes

Understand what is construction schedule

Learn how to prepare construction records and documents

Understand the importance of quality, safety in construction.

Period

No

Title of topic Method of teaching

1 Overview of syllabus Black board, Video, PPT

2 Fundamentals of construction technology Blackboard, PPT

3 Fundamentals of construction technology Blackboard, PPT

4 Construction activities Blackboard, PPT

5 Construction process Blackboard, , PPT

6 Construction Schedule

Blackboard

7 Construction records, documents

PPT

8 Quality safety codes and regulations Power point

9 Quality safety codes and regulations Power point

Assignment – 1

1. Explain the fundamentals of construction technology?

2. What are various construction activities?

3. What are construction documents?

4. Explain how construction schedule is prepared?

5. Explain about safety, rules and regulations in construction.

UNIT II

Construction method – earthwork – piling – concrete and concreting – formwork –

fabrication and erection - Mechanised construction – construction equipment – equipment

economics – excavators – Rollers – Dozers – Scrapers – Handling equipment – concrete

equipment – cranes – draglines and clamshalls

Learning Objectives: After completion of the unit, the student must able to:

Explain what are different construction methods

1. Explain what is mechanized construction

2. Explain what are various construction equipment

Explain what are various handling equipment

Lecture Plan

Period

No

Title of the topic Method of teaching

10 Construction method PPT

11 Earth work PPT

12 Piling PPT

13 Concrete and concreting PPT

14 Form work PPT

15 Fabrication and erection PPT

16 Mechanized construction PPT

17 Construction equipment PPT

18 Equipment economics PPT

19 Excavators PPT

20 Rollers PPT

21 Dozers PPT

22 Scrapers PPT

23 Handling equipment PPT

24 Concrete equipment PPT

25 Cranes PPT

26 Draglines and clamshells PPT

Assignment - 2

1. Explain clearly about earth work and piling processes?

2. Explain in detail about construction equipment?

3. Explain about different handling equipment?

4. Write a note on fabrication and erection?

UNIT: III

Quality control, Assurance and safety – ISO – 9000 – quality systems – principles on

safety – personnel, fire and electrical safety – environment protection – concept of green

building.

Learning Objectives: After completion of the unit, the student must able to:

Understand what is quality control

Understand about assurance and safety

Know what are different IRS quality systems and principles of safety

Understand the concept of green building and environment protection

Lecture Plan

Period

No

Title of the topic Method of teaching

27 Quality control Black board, PPT

28 Quality control PPT

29 Assurance and safety –ISO 900 Black board, PPT

30 ISO 900, Quality systems Black board

31 Principles on safety Black board

32 Personnel PPT

33 Fire and electrical safety PPT

34 Environmental protection Black board, PPT

35 Concept of green building PPT

36 Concept of green building PPT

37 Revision Discussion Session

Assignment – 3

1. What is Quality control? Explain

2. What are different principles of safety?

3. Write a note on green building?

4. Write in detail about ISO 900 and safety systems?

5. Explain the importance of environment protection in construction management?

UNIT: IV

Contract management – project estimation – types of estimation – contract document –

classification – bidding – procurement process - Construction planning – project planning

techniques – planning of manpower, material, equipment and finance

Learning Objectives:

By the end of this chapter, the student should be able to

Understand what is construction management

Should be able to perform estimation of projects

Understand what are contract documents and bidding

Explain different project planning techniques

Plan material, manpower and equipment and finance

Lecture Plan:

Period

No

Title of the Topic Teaching method

38 Contract management Black board

39 Project estimation Black board

40 Project estimation Black board

41 Types of estimation Black board, PPT

42 Contract document –classification Black board

43 Bidding Black board

44 Procurement process PPT

45 Construction planning PPT

46 Project planning techniques PPT

47 Planning of man power, material PPT

48 Planning of man equipment, finance PPT, Black board

49. Planning of man equipment, finance PPT

Assignment – 4:

1. What a contract document? Give classification

2. Explain process of bidding.

3. Explain how material and manpower are managed

4. Explain the process of project estimation?

UNIT - V

Project scheduling – PERT – CPM, Resource leveling - Construction claims, Dispute and

project closure – source of claim – claim management – Dispute Resolution – Arbitration

– Construction Closure – Contract Closure – Documentation

Learning Objectives:

After completion of the unit, the student must able to:

Understand what is project scheduling

Understand CPM and PERT concepts

Understand Resource leveling is done

Understand disputes are resolved

Explain about arbitration, contract and construction closure

Lecture Plan

Period

No

Title of the topic Teaching Method

50 Project Scheduling PPT

51 PERT PPT

52 CPM PPT

53 Problems PPT

54 Resource leveling PPT

55 Construction claims PPT

56 Dispute and project closure PPT

57 source of claim PPT

58 claim management PPT

59 Dispute Resolution PPT

60 Arbitration PPT

61 Construction Closure

PPT

62 Contract Closure PPT

63 Documentation PPT

64 Revison PPT

65 Revision PPT

Assignment – V

1. What are is project scheduling? Explain

2. Write in detail about PERT and CPM?

3. How disputes are resolved in construction management?

4. Write about contract closure and documentation?

5. Explain how resource leveling is done in construction management

TEXT BOOK:

1. Construction Technology by Subir K.Sarkar, Subhajit Saraswati / Oxford

University Press

2. Construction Project Management – Theory and Practice, Niraj kumar jha,

Pearson Education

REFERENCE BOOKS:

4. Construction Planning Equipment and Methods by Peurifacy, Schexnayder,

Sharpira TMH

5. Project Planning and Control with PERT and CPM – B.C. Punmia,

K.K.Khandelwala – Laxmi Publication.of GIS by Mechanical designs John Wiley

& Sons

VNR VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Academic Plan : 2016- 2017 Class & Semester : IV B.Tech - I Semester

Branch : Civil Engineering

Subject : Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings

Subject Code : 13CED044

Number of Weeks : 16

Number of Hours / week : 5

Number of periods planned : 60

Name of the Faculty : A.Jyothirmai

UNIT – I

Syllabus : Engineering Seismology : Earthquake phenomenon - Causes of earthquakes – Theories

on Earthquake causes - Plate tectonics – Seismic waves – Magnitude and Intensity of an

earthquake – Energy released – Earthquake measuring instruments – Seismograph,

Accelerograph – Seismic zones of India.

Learning Objectives: After completion of unit, the student will be able to

Understand what is an earthquake

Know the causes and effects of Earthquake

Know the various terms associated with earthquakes

Distinguish between Magnitude and Intensity of an earthquake

Know the earthquake measuring instruments

Know the seismic zonation map of India

Lecture Plan: Period Description of the Topic No. of

Hrs.

Method of

Teaching

1 Introduction to Engineering Seismology 1

Black Board,

PPT, Video

2 Earthquake phenomenon, Causes and effects of

earthquakes

1 PPT, Black

Board

3,4 Theories on earthquake causes, Plate Tectonics , Seismic

waves

2 PPT, Video

5 Epicenter, Hypocenter, Magnitude and Intensity of

earthquakes

1 Black Board

6 Energy released, Classification of earthquakes 1 Black Board

7,8 Earthquake measuring instruments, Seismic zones of

India

2 PPT, Black

Board

9 Revision of UNIT-1 1 Black Board

Video links: http://www.history.com/topics/1906-san-francisco-earthquake/videos/mega-

disasters-san-francisco-earthquake

http://www.earthquakereduction.com/earthquakes-plate-tectonics.html

https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/developing.html

http://www.powershow.com/view/11d30d-

ZGFkY/Seismic_Waves_powerpoint_ppt_presentation

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T0AEtX-uPLA

Assignment: 1) What is intensity and magnitude of earthquakes?

2) What are the various causes of Earthquakes? Explain in detail.

3) What are the characteristics of seismic waves? Sketch these waves.

4) Explain the “Elastic rebound theory” of earthquake generation.

5) What are Plate Tectonics? List the major plates of the world.

UNIT – II

Syllabus: Theory of Vibrations : Elements of a vibrating system – Degrees of Freedom –

Continuous system – Lumped mass idealization – Oscillatory motion – Free vibration of

single degree of freedom (SDOF) system – undamped, damped and critical damping –

Logarithmic decrement – Forced vibrations of SDOF- harmonic loading.

Learning Objectives: After the completion of unit the student will be able to

Know about d.o.f.

Know the various methods of idealization

Understand the concept of SHM

Derive equations of motion for undamped free vibrations

Derive equations of motion for damped free vibrations

Understand the concept of forced vibrations

Lecture Plan:

Period Description of the Topic No. of

Hrs.

Method of

Teaching

10 Introduction to Theory of vibrations 1 Black Board,

PPT

11 Elements of vibrating system, D.O.F ; Lumped

mass system, Continuous mass system

1 Black Board

12 Oscillatory motion, SHM 1 Black Board,

Video

13,14 Free vibration of SDOF system - Undamped 2 Black Board

15,16,17 Free vibration of SDOF system – Damped and

Critical Damping, Logarithmic Decrement

3 Black Board

18,19 Forced vibrations of SDOF- Harmonic Loading 2 Black Board

20 Revision of UNIT-2 1 Black Board

Video links: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jlzo8OzoZ_c&t=2601s

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RMw6G0lwzIo

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dZLikyueBUk&t=1634s

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F_Y7a9K-XTA

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5JtOjOolbMY

Assignment: 1) A vibrating system consists of weight 100N and a spring with stiffness 25N/mm is

viscously damped so that the ratio of two consecutive amplitudes is 1.00 to

0.85.Determine

(a) The natural frequency of the undamped system

(b) The logarithmic decrement

(c) Damping ratio

(d) The damping coefficient

(e) Damped natural frequency

2) Derive the equation of motion for undamped free vibrations of an SDOF system.

3) Derive the equation of motion for damped free vibrations of an SDOF system.

4) Write a short note on forced vibrations.

UNIT – III

Syllabus: Conceptual Design : Introduction to functional planning – Continuous load path –

Overall form – simplicity and symmetry – elongated shapes – stiffness and strength –

Horizontal and vertical members – Twisting of buildings – Flexible buildings – framing

systems – unconfined concrete and confined concrete – reinforcing steel – lateral load

resisting systems-irregularities in buildings..

Learning Objectives: After the completion of unit the student will be able to

Understand the principles of planning

Know the load transfer, form and shape

Know why a building twists?

Know the various types of construction materials

Know the various types of lateral load resisting systems

Understand various irregularities in buildings

Lecture Plan:

Period Description of the Topic No. of

Hrs.

Method of

Teaching

21 Introduction to Conceptual Design 1 PPT

22 Functional planning, Continuous load path 1 Black Board

23 Overall Form, Elongated Shape, Stiffness and

Strength

1 Black Board

24 Twisting of buildings, Flexible buildings, Framing

systems

1 Black Board,

PPT, Video

25 Unconfined, Confined concrete, Reinforcing steel 1 PPT

26 Lateral load resisting systems 1 Black Board

27,28 Irregularities in buildings 2 Black Board,

PPT

29 Revision of UNIT-3 1 Black Board

Video links: http://www.slideshare.net/javeduet/module-2-53880998

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1lPIa9zcCIk

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OQQGHpAszNc&t=3s

http://theconstructor.org/earthquake/how-buildings-twist-during-

earthquakes/2984/

http://www.slideshare.net/javeduet/module-2-53880998

Assignment: 1. What are the various principles involved in functional planning?

2. How architectural features affect buildings during earthquakes?

3. How buildings twist during earthquakes?

4. Explain the various types of lateral load resisting systems.

5. Discuss the various irregularities in buildings.

UNIT- IV

Syllabus : Basic assumptions, Principles in earthquake resistant designs – Permissible stresses –

Seismic methods of analysis based on IS: 1893 – Equivalent lateral force method –

Dynamic analysis – Response Spectrum Method – Time History Method.

Learning Objectives: After completion of unit the student will be able to

Know the assumptions made in the analysis

Know the Principles involved in Seismic design

Calculate the design earthquake loads, load combinations

Understand seismic coefficient method based on IS:1893 codal procedures

Understand Equivalent lateral force Method

Understand response spectrum method and time-history analysis

Lecture Plan:

Period Description of the Topic No. of

Hrs.

Method of

Teaching

30 Basic Assumptions in Design, Permissible stresses 1 Black Board

31,32 Principles of earthquake resistant design of RC members 2

Black Board,

PPT

33 Design earthquake loads, Load combinations 1 Black Board

34 IS 1893 code based methods for seismic design 1

Black Board,

PPT

35,36,37 Seismic coefficient method 3

Black Board,

PPT

38,39 Equivalent force Method 2 Black Board,

PPT

40,41,42 Response spectrum method 3 Black Board, PPT

43,44,45 Time History Method 3 Black Board, PPT

46 Revision of UNIT-4 1 Black Board

Video links: http://www.slideshare.net/Malay19/eqe-33323653

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I7aG25MasNM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OQQGHpAszNc&t=146s

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UIkjs5ikKMA&t=25s

Assignment : 1. What are the various principles of earthquake resistant design of RC members ?

2. Explain the various IS code based methods of analysis.

3. Explain the response spectrum method of analysis

4. Explain the seismic coefficient method of analysis.

5. Explain the Equivalent lateral force method.

UNIT – V

Syllabus: Ductility Considerations : Earthquake resistant design of RC buildings – Impact of

ductility – Requirements for ductility – Assessment of ductility – Factors affecting

ductility – Ductile detailing considerations as per IS 13920 - Behaviour of beams,

columns and joints in RC buildings during earthquakes – Vulnerability of open ground

storey and short columns during earthquakes.

Learning Objectives: After completion of unit the student will be able to

Know ductility relations, factors affecting ductility

Understand the ductile detailing provisions as per IS:13920

Know how beams, columns behave during earthquakes

Know why open ground storey and short columns are vulnerable to

earthquakes

Lecture Plan:

Period Description of the Topic

No. of

Hrs.

Method of

Teaching

47,48 Ductility considerations in earthquake resistant design

of RC buildings

2 PPT

49 Impact of ductility, Requirements for ductility 1 PPT

50 Assessment of ductility, Factors affecting Ductility 1

Black Board,

PPT

51,52 Ductile detailing considerations as per IS 13920 2 Black Board

53,54,55 Behaviour of beams, columns and joints in RC buildings 3 PPT, Video

56,57 Vulnerability of open ground storey and short columns 2 PPT

58 Revision of UNIT – 5 1 Black Board

59,60 Overall Revision of all Units 2 Black Board

Video links: http://www.slideshare.net/VikrantSharma27/mittal-ppt

http://www.slideshare.net/Malay19/eqe-33323653

http://www.slideshare.net/binay2020/ductile-detailing-44834640-ductile detailing

of RC buildings

Assignment : 1. How do earthquakes affect RC buildings ?

2. How do beams, columns, beam-column joints in RC buildings resist earthquakes ?

3. Why are open ground storey buildings vulnerable in earthquakes ?

4. Why are short columns more damaged during earthquakes ?

TEXT BOOKS

1. Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures-S.K.Duggal,Oxford University Press.

2. Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures- Pankaj Agarwal and Manish

Shirkhande,Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd.

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete and Masonry Buildings- T.Paulay and M.J.N

Pristly, John Wiley & Sons.

2. Earthquake tips- Learning Earthquake Design and Construction- C.V.R.Murthy

REFERENCE CODES

1. IS: 1893(Part-1)-2002,” Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures”,

B.I.S., New Delhi.

2. IS: 13920-1993.”Ductile detailing of Concrete Structures subjected to seismic force”-

guidelines, B.I.S., New Delhi.

V.N.R. VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY Bachupally, Nizampet (S.O.), Hyderabad-500 090

IV B.TECH. II SEMESTER

ACADEMIC PLAN

SUBJECT: TRAFFIC ENGINEERING; SUBJECT CODE: CED1133

Academic Year : 2016-17 No. Of weeks : 16

Branch : Civil Engineering Lecture Periods Per Week : 64

Faculty Member : Sadhu S L N Sarma

UNIT-I

Basic traffic characteristics - Speed, volume and concentration. Relationship between

Flow, Speed and Concentration Volume Studies - Objectives, Methods; Speed studies -

Objectives: Definition of Spot Speed, time mean speed and space mean speed; Methods

of conducting speed studies.

Learning Objectives:

After completion of all learning activities provided in the unit the student will be able to:

Understand meanings of speed, volume and concentration

Relate between Flow, Speed and Concentration

List objectives of volume and speed studies and their importance

Conduct volume and speed studies in different methods

Differentiate between various speeds like spot speed, time mean speed and space

mean speed

Lecture plan:

Assignments:

1. Give the relation between basic traffic characteristics with a neat sketch.

2. Define spot speed.

3. Differentiate between time means speed and space mean speed.

Period

no. Name of Topic

Method of

Teaching

1 PPT

2 Introduction of basic traffic characteristics like

speed, volume and concentration Black Board

3 Relationship between Flow, Speed and

Concentration

Black Board &

PPT

4 Objectives of volume and speed studies and their

importance

Black Board &

PPT

5-8 Methods on conducting volume and speed studies Black Board &

PPT

9-11 Spot speed, time mean speed and space mean

speed

Black Board &

PPT

4. What are the various methods in conducting volume studies and explain them?

UNIT-II

Speed Studies: Methods of conducting speed studies; Presentation of speed study data;

Head ways and Gaps; Critical Gap; Gap acceptance studies. Highway Capacity and

Level of Service: Basic definitions related to capacity; Level of service concept; Factors

affecting capacity and level of service; Computation of capacity and level of service for

two lane highways Multilane highways and freeways.

Learning Objectives

After completion of all learning activities provided in the unit the student will be able to:

Conduct speed studies in different methods

Comprehend the principles of headways and gaps

Understand the concept of level of service and factors affecting capacity and level

of service

Compute capacity and level of service for two lane highways

Compute capacity and level of service for multi-lane highways

Compute capacity and level of service for freeways

Lecture plan:

Period

No. Name of Topic

Method of

Teaching

12 Different methods of conducting speed studies Black Board

13-15 Headways and Gaps; Critical Gap; Gap

acceptance studies

Black Board &

Video:

https://www.youtu

be.com/watch?v=r

Ylz92wTK6c

16 Factors affecting capacity and level of service Black Board

17-18 Computation of capacity and level of service

for two lane highways Black Board

19-20 Computation of capacity and level of service

for multi-lane highways Black Board

20-21 Computation of capacity and level of service

for freeways Black Board

Assignments:

1. Explain the various methods for conducting speed studies.

2. Explain the factors affecting capacity and level of service.

3. What are the steps to be followed while calculating the LOS for a multi-lane

highway?

UNIT-III

Parking Studies and Analysis: Types of parking facilities - on street parking and off

street Parking facilities; Parking studies and analysis. Traffic Safety: Accident studies

and analysis; Causes of accidents - The Road, The vehicle, The road user and the

Environment; Engineering, Enforcement and Education measures for the prevention of

accidents.

Learning Objectives:

After completion of all learning activities provided in the unit the student will be able to:

Differentiate different types of parking facilities

Will be able to understand the concepts of on-street and off-street parking

facilities

Carry out parking studies and analysis

Carry out accident studies and analysis

Analyze the causes of accidents

Comprehend the three EEE’s

Lecture plan:

Period No. Name of Topic Method of Teaching

22 Types of parking facilities Black Board

23 On street parking facilities Black Board &

Video Link:

https://www.youtube.

com/watch?v=YMu4

DHThi4Y

24-25 Off street parking facilities Black Board & Video

https://www.youtube.

com/watch?v=aRLA1

p5fGjQ

26-28 Parking studies and analysis Black Board

29 Accident studies and analysis Black Board

30 Causes of accidents Black Board

31-33 Three EEE’s Black Board & PPT

34 Measures for the prevention of accidents Black Board

Assignments:

a) Explain different types of parking facilities.

b) Explain different types of on-street parking facilities with neat sketches.

c) Explain different types of off-street parking facilities with neat sketches.

d) What are the different types of parking studies and tell how that can solve the

parking problems?

e) What is the importance of three EEE’s in accidents?

f) What are the different measures to be adopted for decreasing the accidents?

UNIT-IV

Traffic Control and Regulation: Traffic Signals - Design of Isolated Traffic Signal by

Webster method, Warrants for signalization, Signal Co-ordination methods,

Simultaneous, Alternate, Simple progression and Flexible progression Systems.

Learning Objectives:

After completion of all learning activities provided in the unit the student will be able to:

Identify various types of traffic signals

Design isolated traffic signal by Webster method

Understand warrants for signalization

Comprehend different types of signal co-ordination methods

Lecture plan:

Period No. Name of Topic Method of Teaching

35-36 Traffic Signals- Introduction Black Board & PPT

37-41 Design of Isolated Traffic Signal by

Webster method

Black Board

42-44 Warrants for signalization Black Board

45-46 Signal Co-ordination methods PPT

47 Alternate systems PPT

48 Simple progression PPT

49 Flexible progression Systems PPT

Assignments:

a) Define traffic signal and explain different types of traffic signals.

b) At what situations we should go for traffic signals?

c) Write the design method for designing a traffic signal.

d) Give the warrants for signalization.

e) Explain different types of traffic signal coordination methods?

UNIT-V

Traffic and Environment: Detrimental effects of Traffic on Environment; Air pollution;

Noise Pollution; Measures to curtail environmental degradation due to traffic.

Learning Objectives:

After completion of all learning activities provided in the unit the student will be able to:

Discern the detrimental effects of traffic on environment

Understand the transport-related air pollution

Understand the transport-related noise pollution

Comprehend the measures to curtail environmental degradation due to traffic

Lecture plan:

Period No. Name of Topic Method of Teaching

50-51 Detrimental effects of Traffic on

Environment Black Board

52 Air pollution Black Board & PPT

53 Noise Pollution PPT

54 Vibrations Black Board

55-57 Measures to curtail environmental

degradation due to traffic

PPT

58-64 Doubts clarification and revision Black Board

Assignments:

a) What are the detrimental effects of Traffic on Environment?

b) Explain air pollution due to traffic.

c) Explain noise pollution due to traffic.

d) What are the measures to curtail environmental degradation due to traffic?

Text Books

1. Kadiyali L.R. “Traffic Engineering and Transportation Planning” - Khanna

Publication, New Delhi

2. Salter RJ and Hounsell NB, “Highway, Traffic Analysis and Design” -

MacMillan Press Ltd., London.

3. Matson T M, Smith W S, Hurd F W, “Traffic Engineering, McGraw Hill

Book Co, NY, USA.

4. Drew D R, “Traffic Flow Theory and Control”, McGraw Hill Book Co, NY,

USA.

5. Wohl and Martin, “Traffic System Analysis of Engineers and Planners” -

Mcgraw Hill Book Co, New York, USA.

References 1. Pignataro , “Traffic Engineering”, John Wiley & sons

2. Nicholas J Garber, Lester A Hoel, “Traffic & Highway Engineering”- Third

edition, Bill Stenquist.

3. IRC: SP:41-1994, IRC SP:31-1992, IRC 43-1994, Indian Roads Congress

4. MoRTH “Type Designs for Intersections on National Highways” - Indian

Roads Congress

5. MORTH “Manual for Road Safety in Road Design”-Indian Roads Congress

6. IRC 3-1983, 9-1972, 62-1976, 64-1990, 65-1976, 66-1976, 67-2001, 69-1977,

70-1977, 73-1980, 79-1981, 80-1981, 86-1983, 92-1985, 93-1985, 99-1988,

102-1988, 103-1988, 106-1990, 110-1996 Indian Roads Congress

7. Khanna and Justo, “Highway Engineering”- Nem Chand and Bros., Roorkee

VNR VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

IV B.TECH. – II Semester – Civil Engineering

(13CED047) AIR POLLUTION & CONTROL

ACADEMIC PLANNING FOR THE YEAR: 2016 - 17

No. of weeks : 16 Total

No. of periods planned: 60

No. of hrs. Per week: 4 Staff:

Chandana N

UNIT – I:

Air Pollution and its definition – Factors influencing air pollution – Classification of

pollutants particulates – Gases-Sources of pollution – Air qualities standards – effects–

Location of Industries.

Learning objectives:

On successful completion of the unit, the student will be able to

• What is Air pollution

• Realize importance of air pollution

• Factors affecting air pollution

• classification of air pollution

• Memorise air quality standards

TEACHING PLAN:

HOUR

NO(S)

NAME OF

THE

TOPIC

Method

of

Teachin

g

Video links

• Air

pollution

definition

PPT ,

video

and

Interacti

on

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mMEb5p

zY6wI

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s8QWzq

Ss3CU

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BRNPgP

BEzfM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nf8cuvl6

2Vc

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x_sJzVe9

P_8

• Factors

influencing

air

pollution

Interacti

on and

Black

board

• Classificati

on of air

pollutants

Interacti

on and

Black

board

• Gaseous

Air

pollutants

Interacti

on and

Black

board

• Particulate

pollutant

Interacti

on and

Black

board

• Sources of

air

pollution

Interacti

on and

Black

board

• Air quality

sources

Interacti

on and

Black

board

• Air quality

standards

Interacti

on and

Black

board

• Effects of

air polluton

Interacti

on and

Black

board

• Location of

Industries

effect on

air

Interacti

on and

Black

board

Assignment-1:

• Defination of Air pollution

• What are the Air quality standards set by the NAQS

• What are different classification and sources of air pollution

• Effect of industries on air pollution

UNIT – II:

Meteorology – Wind roses – lapses rates – mixing depth atmospheric dispersion –

plume behavior accumulation, estimation of pollutants – Effective stack height.

Learning objectives:

After completion of this unit the student will be able to

• Identify, list and explain the metrological parameters which affect air

• Explain the windrose

• solving of problems on windrose diagram

• How to analyse lapses rate

• mixing depth atmospheric dispersion

TEACHING PLAN:

HOU

R

NO(S)

NAME OF

THE

TOPIC

Method

of

Teaching

Video links

• Introduction

to

Meteorology

parameters

Definitions

PPT ,

video and

Interactio

n

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ObnWb7yspxA

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UZXGV4NZc

MA

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CyoVIqk9zpw

• Wind roses PPT , BB

and

Interactio

n

• lapses rates PPT +BB

• mixing

depth

atmospheric

dispersion

PPT +BB

• Plume

behavior

accumulatio

n

PPT +BB

• estimation

of pollutants

PPT +BB

• Effective

stack height.

PPT +BB

• Problems on

– Effective

stack height.

PPT +BB

• Problems on

stack height

PPT +BB

Assignment-2:

• Draw a Windrose diagram

• Design the dispersion model

• Define Adiabatic lapse rate

• How to analyse lapses rate

• Identify, list and explain the metrological parameters which affect air

UNIT – III: Air Pollution effects on human beings, animals, plants and materials

,global conditions– Air Pollution Episodes in India and abroad.

Learning objectives:

After the completion of this unit, the student will be able to

• Effect of air pollution on human beings

• Effect of air pollution on animals

• Effect of air pollution on plants

• Effect of air pollution on materials

• Effect of air pollution on global conditions

• Episodes of air pollution

TEACHING PLAN:

HOUR

NO(S)

NAME OF

THE

TOPIC

Method of

Teaching

Video links

• Air

Pollution

effects on

human

beings

PPT

+Black

Board

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PqxMzKLYrZ4

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mpcil0H5Pos

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rVQxws94Ob8

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kt1FZSuJW1U

• Air

Pollution

effects on

animals

PPT

+Black

Board

• Air

Pollution

effects on

plants

PPT

+Black

Board

• Air

Pollution

effects on

materials

PPT

+Black

Board

• Air

Pollution

effects on

global

conditions

PPT

+Black

Board

• Episodes of

India

PPT

+Black

Board

• Episodes of PPT

other

countries

+Black

Board

Assignment-3

1. Define Air Pollution effects on human beings

2. Define Air Pollution effects on animals

3. Define Air Pollution effects on plants

4. Define Air Pollution effects on materials

5. Define Air Pollution effects on global conditions

6. Explain different air pollution episodes

UNIT – IV

Control of air pollution – Removal of pollutants – particulate and gaseous – Air

pollution control equipments (units) such as setting chamber, cyclones, wet

scrubbers/collectors, scrubbers, centrifugal scrubbers spary towers, packed beds,

electrostatic precipitators, after burners-absorption – adsorption – Diffusion.

Learning objectives

On completion of this unit, the student should be able to

• Differentiate types of Air pollution

• Understands sources of air pollution and its effect

• Understand the air pollution control methods and devices

• Understand PM

• What are gaseous pollution and control devices

TEACHING PLAN:

HOU

R

NO(S)

NAME OF THE

TOPIC

Method

of

Teachin

g

Video links

• Control of air

pollution

PPT

+Black

Board

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VdFpq_5vr

uQ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iUXHzYLg

rB0

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kWElwZw

wmj0

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QfTZUMq-

LGI

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rDC1RRHf

A4g

• Removal of

pollutants

PPT

+Black

Board

• particulate and

gaseous pollutants

PPT

+Black

Board

• Air pollution

control

equipments (units)

PPT

+Black

Board

• setting chamber, PPT

+Black

Board

• cyclones, PPT

+Black

Board

• wet

scrubbers/collecto

rs,

PPT

+Black

Board

• scrubbers, PPT

+Black

Board

• centrifugal

scrubbers spary

towers,

PPT

+Black

Board

• packed beds, PPT

+Black

Board

• electrostatic

precipitators,

PPT

+Black

Board

• burners PPT

+Black

Board

• absorption PPT

+Black

Board

• adsorption PPT

+Black

Board

• Diffusion PPT

+Black

Board

Assignment: 4

• what are the Control of air pollution

• what are Air pollution control equipments (units)

• what are the controlling devices used for controlling of PM and gaseous

UNIT – V:

Ambient air quality monitoring and stack monitoring. General methods of control of

NO,SO emissions-in plant measures, wet and dry methods of removal and recycling

Learning objectives:

On completion of this unit, the student should be able to

• Differentiate types of Ambient air quality monitoring

• Understands sources of stack monitoring

• Understand the general methods of control of NO,SO emissions-in plant

measures

TEACHING PLAN:

HOU

R

NO(S)

NAME OF

THE

TOPIC

Method

of

Teachin

g

Video links

• Ambient

air quality

monitorin

g

PPT

+Black

Board

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mZhzXYOUYS

0

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vo5WrnxNehI

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rfHfqfcD9kY

• stack

monitorin

g

PPT

+Black

Board

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ls1RVnS9UsU

• General

methods of

control of

NO,SO

emissions-in

plant

measures

PPT

+Black

Board

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VsR_P-14K0U

• wet and dry

methods of

removal and

recycling

PPT

+Black

Board

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wcZHpebRPcs

Assignment: 5

• what are Ambient air quality monitoring

• what is stack monitoring

• what are the General methods of control of NO,SO emissions-in plant measures