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Learning Module Activity Guide
Measurement & Geometry 1
Basic ShapesPatterns
Time & Money
Visual Learning Tools
PK-2 MATH
Learning Module Activity Guide
Measurement & Geometry 1
Basic ShapesPatterns
Time & Money
Visual Learning Tools
PK-2 MATH
Learning Activities developed by
Keys to Learning, LLC
© 2010 Varitronics®, A Brady Business. Brady Worldwide, Inc. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America.
The purchase of this activity guide entitles the individual school to reproduce copies of the information for use
in a single school only. The reproduction by any means of any part of this activity guide for other schools or an
entire school district, or for commercial use is strictly prohibited. No form of this activity guide may be reproduced,
transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any other language in any form by any
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remedies.
Varitronics® and VariQuest® are registered trademarks of Brady Worldwide, Inc. Other brands and trademarks are
the property of their respective owners.
3
C o n t e n t s
Table of Contents
the Foundation of VariQuest Learning Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Activity 1: shapes and Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Activity 2: shape Crafts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Activity 3: Matching Polygons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Activity 4: Four-sided Fun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Activity 5: shape Books . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Activity 6: shape Hunt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Activity 7: Patterns & tessellations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Activity 8: time Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Activity 9: Money: Coins and Bills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Activity 10: Money: Dollars and Cents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Additional Activity Ideas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Rubric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Content List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Work order template . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
4
The FOUNdATION OF VArIQUeST LeArNINg MOdULeS
V ariQuest supports educators by providing countless opportunities to introduce a variety
of visuals and hands-on manipulatives into their classrooms. The use of visuals in the
classroom helps students understand and retain information, specifically abstract concepts.
Visuals can also help bridge the gap for students who struggle with vocabulary and/or language
barriers. hands-on manipulatives create learning experiences in which students interact with
knowledge kinesthetically. research shows that exposing students to a variety of learning
experiences, including visual and kinesthetic, will increase student retention and help students
learn to construct meaningful knowledge from information. The VariQuest Visual Learning Tools
enhance classroom teachers’ ability to provide learning experiences that meet the learning styles
of all students.
The aim of the following Learning Activities is to coordinate the VariQuest Visual Learning Tools
with lessons and activities that incorporate visual and hands-on learning strategies to reinforce
basic skills and provide fun and motivational activities that will supplement your school’s
curriculum. For best practices and additional information on how to customize VariQuest posters,
banners, flashcards, awards, cutouts and manipulatives, review the VariQuest Implementation
guide prior to use.
For the following learning activities, use construction paper for all cutouts unless otherwise
specified. Pre-laminating construction paper using a cold laminator adds durability to cut out
letters, shapes, numbers and collections.
5
MeASUreMeNT ANd geOMeTry 1 OVerVIeWThe key concepts covered in this module are shapes, patterns, time and money. Children will
explore two-dimensional shapes, including naming, describing, categorizing, sorting by attributes,
manipulating, drawing, combining and using them for art projects. In pattern activities, children
will use colors and shapes to identify patterns, continue patterns, and make their own patterns.
Children will use analog and digital clock faces to tell time, show times of day from hour to
five-minute intervals. Money concepts covered include coin names and values, coin and bill
equivalences and using VariQuest money cutouts to “buy” classroom items. The learning activities
in this VariQuest Learning Module are designed to meet educational standards in innovative and
creative ways. Before turning to the learning activities, familiarize yourself with general information
that will guarantee ease of use and flexibility.
ASSeSSMeNTFollowing the learning activities, you will find a rubric that can be used to guide you in making
observational assessments of students’ abilities related to the objectives outlined in the learning
activities. It is recommended that you make a copy for each student to guide your ongoing
informal assessments, making anecdotal notes on the back when appropriate.
VArIQUeST CONTeNTyou will find a complete list of all of the content included in this module between the rubric
and Work Order template. The content Id #s (ex. VIS001) for content referenced in the learning
activities are listed in the materials section for each activity and are color-coded to help distinguish
between templates for the Poster Maker (red) and Awards Maker (purple) and cutouts and
collections for the Cutout Maker (gold).
WOrK OrderSyou will also find a work order template on the last page of the Activity guide. This template
can be photocopied and used for placing orders for customized VariQuest posters, banners,
stickers, awards, cutouts and collections. It is designed to be submitted to the primary user of the
VariQuest Visual Learning Tools by those who may not have direct access to them.
A C t I V I t y o n e
Attribute ShapesMTH111
SquareMTH319
CircleMTH306
Triangle MTH321
rectangle MTH317
rhombusMTH318
6
ACTIVITy ONe
Shapes and Attributes objectives Children will name, build, draw, compare, and sort two-dimensional
shapes.
Children will describe characteristics of two-dimensional shapes.
Children will investigate and predict the result of putting two shapes
together.
MaterialsCUTOUT MAKer:
Attribute Shapes: MTH111
Square: MTH319 (Basic)
Circle: MTH306 (Basic)
Triangle: MTH321 (Basic)
rectangle: MTH317 (Basic)
rhombus: MTH318
Preparation Cut out Attribute Shapes on cardstock, one set for each child.
Cut out the following individual shapes on cardstock custom-sized
at 7” or larger: Square, Circle, Triangle, rhombus (diamond), and
rectangle.
7
sHAPes AnD AttRIButes
Whole Classhold up each shape (circle, square, triangle, diamond, and rectangle)
and review the name. Turn each shape 90° and ask children to name the
shape again, especially for the diamond, which can look quite different
when seen horizontally (as a slanted square).
distribute sets of Attribute Shapes to children. hold up the circle. Ask
children to name the shape and then find and hold up one of their circles.
have children find another circle in their attribute shapes and hold it up, too.
Then have children compare the shapes. how are they alike? how are
they different?
repeat for the square, triangle, and diamond. Then have children sort
shapes by asking, “Which ones are round? Which ones have three sides?
Which ones have four sides?”
Partnershave children pool their attribute shapes together. Ask children to predict
what shape they will make if they put two triangles together. repeat for
two squares.
help children write the math sentence with shapes for what they did and
what they discovered:
MoDIFICAtIon
give children multiple sets of
Attribute Shapes cut at different
sizes (recommended custom-
sized to 8”, 10”, 12”). Place four
small empty bowls on the table.
have children sort by shape.
Then ask them to describe the
shape in each bowl by naming it,
and counting the sides.
extensIon
give children Circle, Square,
Triangle, rhombus, and
rectangle shapes and art
materials. have them trace each
shape and then add details to
make it look like something in
the environment. For example,
a circle can become a clock;
two can be wheels on a bike,
rhombus can be the center jewel
in a necklace; a rectangle can be
an apartment building; a triangle
can be a climbing structure
on the playground. Then have
children write a sentence for
each picture.
8
A C t I V I t y t W o
ACTIVITy TWO
Shape Crafts objectives Children will identify two-dimensional shapes.
Children will describe characteristics of two-dimensional shapes.
Children will use basic shapes to make pictures of their own.
Materials
Preparation Print Simple Shapes poster.
Cut the following shape stencils out of cardstock: Square, Circle,
rectangle, Triangle, Oval, diamond and Star, enough so that you have
a variety of shape stencils, one for each child.
Cut out Shape Craft house and Train. Place the house pieces and the
train pieces in separate envelopes, marked “h” and “T.” Make several
sets.
Cut out Shape Craft Clown & robot. Place the house pieces and the
train pieces in separate envelopes, marked “C” and “r.” Make several
sets.
8
Simple Shapes VIS252
Square StencilSTN071
POSTer MAKer:
Simple Shapes: VIS252
CUTOUT MAKer:
Square Stencil: STN071
Circle Stencil: STN016
rectangle Stencil: STN059
Triangle Stencil: STN083
Oval Stencil: STN052
diamond Stencil: STN018
Star Stencil: STN073
Shape Craft house & Train: CRF153
Shape Craft Clown & robot: CRF154
OTher:
Large pieces of art paper
Markers, crayons or colored pencils
envelopes
Circle Stencil STN016
rectangle Stencil STN059
Triangle StencilSTN083
Oval Stencil STN052
diamond Stencil STN018
Star Stencil STN073
Shape Craft house & TrainCRF153
Shape Craft Clown & robot
CRF154
9
s H A P e C R A F t s
Whole Classdisplay the Simple Shapes poster with square, circle, rectangle, triangle,
oval, diamond, and star shapes. review shape names.
have children identify shapes based on clues you give them, for example,
“I’m thinking of a shape that has three sides. All the sides are the same.
What shape am I thinking of?” (triangle). repeat for each shape. Challenge
children to find two shapes on the poster that have four equal sides
(square and diamond).
distribute art materials and shape stencils randomly, so that each child
has one. Let them trace the shape on paper, and copy the name of the
shape. When children have traced and labeled one shape, have them
trade stencils with a classmate and trace a new shape.
Center Activity Set out the envelopes with the cutout shapes for the Shape Craft house
& Train and the Shape Craft Clown & robot. have an envelope for each
child in the group.
give children art paper and glue. have children select an envelope and
use the shapes in it to create their own pictures. encourage them to write
or dictate sentences to you about their pictures. Then have them count
the number of each shape they used. have children share their work then
display in the classroom or hallway.
MoDIFICAtIon
Cut out shapes: Circle: MTh306
(Basic), Square: MTh319 (Basic), Oval:
MTh314 custom-sized to 7” or larger.
Cut out puzzles: Oval Puzzle: PUZ027
Circle Puzzle: PUZ022, 6-piece
Square Puzzle: PUZ067. Put the
pieces for each puzzle in a separate
envelope.
Place the whole Circle, Square and
Oval shapes in the center of a table.
give each child one puzzle envelope.
When they have put the pieces
together, have them name the shape
it makes and find that shape on the
table. repeat for each shape puzzle.
extensIon
Print 8 ½” x 11” copies of graph
Paper: VIS061 (Basic) for each
student. Cut out shapes: rhombus:
MTh318, Trapezoid: MTh320,
hexagon: MTh311, Pentagon:
MTh316, and Octagon: MTh313.
have children examine each shape
and then use rulers and pencils to
draw the shapes on graph paper.
9
10
A C t I V I t y t H R e e
ACTIVITy Three
Matching Polygons objectives Children will name polygons.
Children will identify the characteristics of polygons, including triangles
and quadrilaterals.
Materials
Preparation Print Polygons poster.
Cut out the following eight individual shapes, custom-
sized to 5” or larger: Square, rectangle, Parallelogram,
rhombus, Trapezoid, Pentagon, hexagon, and
Octagon, one for each student.
Print the following eight shape stickers: Square,
rectangle, Parallelogram, rhombus, Trapezoid,
Pentagon, hexagon, and Octagon. Attach to cardstock
to create flashcards. Make enough so that each child will
have one set.
POSTer MAKer:
Polygons: VIS138
AWArdS MAKer:
Square Sticker: STK222
rectangle Sticker: STK215
Parallelogram Sticker: STK209
rhombus Sticker: STK216
Trapezoid Sticker: STK362
Pentagon Sticker: STK363
hexagon Sticker: STK305
Octagon Sticker: STK364
CUTOUT MAKer:
Square: MTH319 (Basic)
rectangle: MTH317 (Basic)
Parallelogram: MTH315
rhombus: MTH318
Trapezoid: MTH320
Pentagon MTH316
hexagon: MTH311
Octagon: MTH313
OTher:
Writing materials
Polygons VIS138
Square MTH319
rectangle MTH317
Parallelogram MTH315
rhombus MTH318
Trapezoid MTH320
Pentagon MTH316
hexagon MTH311
Octagon MTH313
Square Sticker STK222
rectangle Sticker
STK215
Parallelogram Sticker
STK209
rhombus Sticker
STK216
Trapezoid Sticker
STK362
Pentagon Sticker
STK363
hexagon Sticker
STK305
Octagon Sticker
STK364
11
M At C H I n g P o Ly g o n s
Whole Class display Polygons poster. discuss shapes and shape names. discuss the
characteristics of each shape (number of sides and angles). define polygon
(shape with three or more sides, poly=many, gon=angles).
distribute cutout shapes and flashcards to children. have children match
the cutout shapes to the shape flashcards and write the name of each
shape on the cutout.
PartnersUse one or more sets of shapes and flashcards to play Concentration, by
matching cutout shapes with the same shape flashcards.
MoDIFICAtIon
Print and display Shapes: Pre023
poster as a reference. Print 8 ½” x 11”
copies, one for each child. review the
meaning of polygon (shape with three
or more sides). have children identify
the shapes that are polygons. give
children scissors, notebook paper, and
glue. have them cut out the shapes
(with name labels) and sort them
by polygon/non-polygon, then glue
shapes down, draw a circle around
each group and label.
extensIon
Cut out the following four additional
shapes for children: heptagon:
MTh310, Nonagon: MTh312,
decagon: MTh307 and dodecagon:
MTh308. have them combine them
with their Pentagon, hexagon and
Octagon from the Whole Class activity.
explain that the suffix -gon means
angles. Tell children that a prefix is a
word part added to the beginning of a
word that changes the meaning of the
word. have children count the sides of
each shape to identify the meaning of
the prefixes: pent- (5), hex- (6), hept-
(7), oct- (8), non- (9), dec- (10), and
dodec- (12). Invite them to research
the names for shapes with 13-20 sides
and share with the class.
12
Polygons VIS138
Quadrilaterals VIS274
graph Paper VIS061
Square MTH319
rectangle MTH317
Quadrilateral MTH414
Parallelogram MTH315
rhombus MTH318
Trapezoid MTH320
A C t I V I t y F o u R
ACTIVITy FOUr
Four-sided Fun objectives Children will name polygons.
Children explore properties of quadrilaterals.
Children will draw different kinds of quadrilaterals.
MaterialsPOSTer MAKer:
Polygons: VIS138
Quadrilaterals: VIS274
graph Paper: VIS061 (Basic)
CUTOUT MAKer:
Square: MTH319 (Basic)
rectangle: MTH317 (Basic)
Quadrilateral: MTH414
Parallelogram: MTH315
rhombus: MTH318
Trapezoid: MTH320
OTher:
highlighters
rulers
Preparation Print Polygons poster.
Print Quadrilaterals poster.
Print graph Paper, one poster and multiple 8 ½” x 11” copies for each
group.
Cut out the following quadrilateral shapes custom-sized to 5” or
larger: Square, rectangle, Quadrilateral, Parallelogram, rhombus and
Trapezoid, one set for each group.
13
F o u R - s I D e D F u n
Whole Classdisplay Polygons poster. review shape names and the characteristics of
each shape (number of sides and number of angles).
display the Quadrilaterals poster. Ask students what all of the shapes on this
poster have in common (all have four sides).
define polygon (shape with three or more sides, poly=many, gon=angles)
and quadrilateral (special kind of polygon with four sides). have children
decide if all polygons are quadrilaterals or if all quadrilaterals are polygons.
Cooperative groupsdistribute a set of six quadrilateral shapes to each group. Also provide each
group with graph Paper, multiple 8 ½” x 11” copies, highlighters and rulers.
have children use the shapes to guide them as they work together to figure
out how to draw each quadrilateral on the graph paper using a ruler to
ensure straight edges. encourage them to begin by using the 8 ½” x 11”
copies as they practice each shape.
Once children have drawn all of the shapes successfully on the small
graph paper, distribute graph paper posters and have them draw all six
quadrilaterals on one poster, labeling each shape. display each group’s
poster and discuss the similarities and differences between them.
MoDIFICAtIon
Outline quadrilaterals on 8 ½” x 11”
copies of the graph paper. have
students trace the outline on the graph
paper, label each quadrilateral and
number the sides and angles for each.
extensIon
Print dot Pattern: VIS056 (Basic).
have children use rulers to draw
other polygons, such as a pentagon,
hexagon and octagon. Challenge
students to draw a regular and
irregular polygon for each.
14
Circle Book Cover BKS015
Circle Book Page BKS016
hexagon Book Cover BKS053
hexagon Book Page BKS054
Parallelogram Book Cover BKS146
Parallelogram Book Page BKS147
Square Book Cover BKS161
Square Book Page BKS162
Triangle Book Cover BKS163
Triangle Book Page BKS164
Circle MTH306
hexagon MTH311
A C t I V I t y F I V e
ACTIVITy FIVe
Shape Booksobjectives Children will identify two-dimensional shapes.
Children will describe characteristics of two-dimensional shapes.
Materials
Preparation Cut out two (2) shape book covers (front and back cover) in
construction paper or cardstock and multiple book pages for interior,
using regular printer paper. Cut covers and pages for a variety of
different shape books, enough covers and pages to create one shape
book for each child.
Prepare one shape book by stapling together front and back covers
with two interior pages as an example. Write a title on the front cover
and fill in the pages with facts about the shape you chose.
Cut out individual shapes: Circle,
hexagon, Parallelogram, Square and
Triangle from construction paper or
magnetic material, or use shape cutouts
from previous activities.
CUTOUT MAKer:
Circle Book Cover: BKS015
Circle Book Page: BKS016
hexagon Book Cover: BKS053
hexagon Book Page: BKS054
Parallelogram Book Cover: BKS146
Parallelogram Book Page: BKS147
Square Book Cover: BKS161 (Basic)
Square Book Page: BKS162 (Basic)
Triangle Book Cover: BKS163
Triangle Book Page: BKS164
Circle: MTH306 (Basic)
hexagon: MTH311
Parallelogram: MTH315
Square: MTH319 (Basic)
Triangle: MTH321 (Basic)
OTher:
Writing and drawing materials
Stapler
15
MoDIFICAtIon
Provide children with a pre-assembled
shape book. have children create
illustrations on the interior pages and
dictate shape facts to you.
extensIon
have children draw all the different
shapes on a square or circle book
cover. Then give them two of each
shape interior page to write about.
Parallelogram MTH315
Square MTH319
Triangle MTH321
s H A P e B o o K s
Whole Classdisplay shape cutouts. hold up each one and have children name the
shape.
Then play “I Spy” with the shapes. Pin shapes to bulletin board or display
magnetic shapes on magnetic surface. give clues for each of the shapes,
describing the number of sides, direction of the lines, or number of
corners or angles. have children guess the shape. Sample clue: I spy with
my little eye, a shape that has three sides. repeat for each shape.
Show children the sample shape book that you created. explain to
children that they will be creating their own shape books.
Make sure that the names for each of the shapes, as well as the words
that children will need to describe facts about their shapes, are on display
somewhere in the room.
Center Activityhave each child select a shape for his or her shape book. give children
two cover cutouts, one for the front cover, one for the back cover and 2-4
interior page cutouts.
group children according to the shape they chose. have children
assemble their books, and write a title on the front cover: [child’s name]’s
[shape name] Shape Book. have sample book available as a reference.
Inside the book, have them write a different fact about the shape on each
page. encourage them to illustrate each book page, and the front and
back covers. repeat using additional shape books.
16
A C t I V I t y s I x
ACTIVITy SIX
Shape Hunt objectives Children will identify two-dimensional shapes.
Children will describe characteristics of two-dimensional shapes.
Children will find different shapes in the environment.
Materials
Preparation Cut out different shape frames at custom-sizes between 6”-8” from
different colors of cardstock. Tip: Save the shapes that are created
when cutting out the inner-frame to use as decorations for the shape
photo posters.
Print shape stickers and make into flashcards by attaching each sticker
to cardstock or an index card. Make one set for each small group.
Write or cut out font letters to show the name of each shape at the top
of each piece of poster board.
AWArdS MAKer:
Circle Sticker: PEK003
diamond Sticker: PEK006
hexagon Sticker: STK305
Octagon Sticker: STK364
Oval Sticker: STK365
Pentagon Sticker: STK363
rectangle Sticker: STK215
Square Sticker: STK222
Star Sticker: PEK010
Triangle Sticker: PEK011
CUTOUT MAKer:
Circle 1 Frame: FRA008
diamond Frame: FRA012
hexagon Frame: FRA017
Octagon Frame: FRA023
Oval 1 Frame: FRA024
Pentagon Frame: FRA030
rectangle Frame: FRA034
Square Frame: FRA038
Star Frame: FRA046
Triangle Frame: FRA051
Font Letters: A-Z (optional)
OTher:
Poster board (10 sheets)
Cameras (digital and/or disposable
cameras for small groups of
children)
Magazines
Scissors
Tape or glue
Circle 1 Frame FRA008
diamond Frame
FRA012
hexagon Frame
FRA017
Octagon Frame FRA023
Oval 1 Frame FRA024
Pentagon Frame
FRA030
rectangle Frame
FRA034
Square Frame FRA038
Star Frame FRA046
Triangle Frame FRA051
Font Letters A-Z
Circle Sticker PEK003
diamond Sticker
PEK006
hexagon Sticker
STK305
Octagon Sticker
STK364
Oval Sticker STK365
Pentagon Sticker
STK363
rectangle Sticker
STK215
17
MoDIFICAtIon
Cut out one shape frame for each
shape. give children magazines. have
children look at the photographs and
pictures in the magazines and cut
out pictures for each shape frame.
For example, children can cut out a
photograph of a basketball and place
it in the circle frame.
extensIon
give children index cards labeled:
sphere, cylinder, rectangular box,
cube, and pyramid; and tape. have
children find the 3-d shapes in the
classroom, around school, or on the
playground, and attach the correct
label to the objects.
s H A P e H u n t
Whole Class
display each shape frame and review names and attributes. have children
look around the room to find objects that are square, rectangular, oval, etc.
Use the camera to show how to photograph objects.
explain that students will be going on a shape hunt throughout the
school or neighborhood to find examples of these shapes throughout the
community.
Cooperative groupsdivide the class into small groups, with an adult for each group. give the
adults cameras.
give each group a set of shape flashcards to use as reference. have
groups walk around the school or neighborhood. When children see
something oval, have the adult (or child) take a picture. repeat for each
shape, taking turns being the photographer.
Collect the cameras from each group and have photos developed. Place
each group’s photos in a separate envelope. Set out shape frames next to
the corresponding poster board for each shape.
distribute each group’s envelopes with photos. have them divide up their
photos so that each member has at least one photo. group members will
then find the appropriate shape poster board, select a frame for that photo
and attach the photo and the frame to the poster board. decorate each
poster board with the leftover shapes cut out of the frames and display.
Individualhave children take a gallery walk through the shape posters. have
them write a sentence about a favorite shape photo. Provide strips of
paper for students to record their sentences. Post sentences under the
appropriate frame.
Square Sticker
STK222
Star Sticker PEK010
Triangle Sticker
PEK011
18
rectangle Tessellation VIS053
Isosceles Triangle Tessellation VIS059
equilateral Triangle TessellationVIS074
diamond Tessellation VIS055
hexagon Tessellation VIS062
Animal Colors and dot Patterns
CRF162
Circus Colors and dot Patterns
CRF163
dinosaur Colors and dot Patterns
CRF164
Farm Colors and dot Patterns
CRF165
Fruit Colors and dot Patterns
CRF166
Space Colors and dot Patterns
CRF167
A C t I V I t y s e V e n
ACTIVITy SeVeN
Patterns & Tessellationsobjectives Children will identify patterns made with two or more colors.
Children will make patterns with two or more colors.
Children will continue a pattern of two or three elements.
Materials
Preparation Print rectangle Tessellation poster for teacher example.
Print 4-5, 8 ½” x 11” copies each of the rectangle, Isosceles Triangle,
equilateral Triangle, diamond and hexagon Tessellation posters,
enough so each child has one sheet.
Cut out Farm Colors and dot Patterns. Place the chickens, barns and
dots in three separate bowls.
repeat for Animals, Circus, Space, dinosaur and Fruit Colors & dot
Patterns, separating the shapes into remaining 15 individual bowls.
POSTer MAKer:
rectangle Tessellation: VIS053
Isosceles Triangle Tessellation: VIS059
equilateral Triangle Tessellation:
VIS074
diamond Tessellation: VIS055
hexagon Tessellation: VIS062
CUTOUT MAKer:
Animal Colors and dot Patterns:
CRF162
Circus Colors and dot Patterns:
CRF163
dinosaur Colors and dot Patterns:
CRF164
Farm Colors and dot Patterns:
CRF165
Fruit Colors and dot Patterns:
CRF166
Space Colors and dot Patterns:
CRF167
OTher:
Crayons or Markers
18 bowls
Large pieces of construction
or art paper
glue
19
PAtteRns & tesseLLAt I o n s
MoDIFICAtIon
Cut out Farm Colors and dot Patterns
and set aside the dots. Using just the
chickens, begin a pattern such as
brown chicken, color chicken, brown
chicken, color chicken. have the
child continue the pattern, placing the
appropriate shapes in order. repeat
with barn shapes. Then give children
art paper and glue. have them select
their favorite pattern, or make a new
one, and glue it to the paper.
extensIon
Print 8 ½” x 11” copies of rhombus
Tessellation: VIS054 for children. have
them each select two markers and
color the vertical rhombi, that look like
diamonds, one color and the horizontal
rhombi, that look like slanted squares,
another color. Can they describe the
3-d image that appears?
Whole Class review shape names and attributes for triangles, rectangles, diamonds and
hexagons.
display the rectangle Tessellation poster. Using two different colored
markers, begin coloring a simple pattern on the top row of rectangles.
After finishing the first row, ask students to guess your pattern. Skip two
rows and repeat, using a more complex pattern.
discuss the other tessellation patterns and ask children why these shapes
can tessellate.
have children choose a tessellation pattern to use, or distribute patterns
randomly. Let children select two color crayons. have them use only those
colors to make a pattern near the top of the page. have them write their
initials near their patterns.
Collect the papers, and randomly redistribute. have children duplicate the
pattern at the bottom of the page and write their initials next to it.
Center ActivityPlace the three bowls for each Colors & dots Patterns on a different table.
distribute art paper and glue to each table.
have children work together to use the shapes in the bowls on their table
to make a pattern. When children are finished, have groups explain their
patterns to the class.
20
Telling Time VIS075
Clock 1 VIS275
Clock MTH279
A C t I V I t y e I g H t
ACTIVITy eIghT
Time Measurement objectives Children will use a clock face to show analog time.
Children will write times in digits and words.
Children will represent time in hour, half-hour, quarter-hour, and five-
and ten-minute increments.
MaterialsPOSTer MAKer:
Telling Time: VIS075
Clock 1: VIS275
CUTOUT MAKer:
Clock: MTH279
OTher:
dry erase markers
Preparation Print and laminate the Clock 1 and Telling Time poster.
Print 8 ½” x 11” copies of Telling Time, one for each child. Laminate the
copies.
Cut out the Clock face and hands on magnetic material, custom-
sized to 9”. Tip: Cut out each piece (face, big hand and little hand) in a
different color to help children see the difference between the big and
the little hand.
21
t I M e M e A s u R e M e n t
MoDIFICAtIon
Create individual clock cutouts for
each child by cutting the Clock shape
out of cardstock, using a different
color for the face and the two hands.
Attach the hands to the clock by
placing them one on top of the other,
with the non-arrow end of the hands
in the center of the face and poking
a small hole through all pieces. After
poking the hole, insert a brass paper
fastener so that the hands can move
around and show different times. read
a list of times to the students and have
them practice using the hands to show
the times on the clock face. Send
clock home for additional practice.
extensIon
Print 8 ½” x 11” copies of Telling
Time. have children cut them into 10
separate sections, along the borders
between each clock face - digital time
section. give each student two (2)
Square Book Covers: BKS161 (Basic)
and five (5) Square Book Pages:
BKS162 (Basic) and staple together to
into a My dAy book. have them tape
a clock face - digital section at the top
of each page (front and back). Then
have them illustrate things they do
during the day, write a sentence, and
complete the clock face – digital time
to show the time of day for the activity.
Whole ClassBegin the clock activity on the hour. have children look at the classroom
clock as you tell the time. Identify the big hand, or hour hand, and the
number it is pointing to (12). have children identify the little hand, or minute
hand, and tell what number it is pointing to.
display the magnetic Clock cutout on a magnetic
surface. have a volunteer use the hands to show the
same time as that on the classroom clock. Ask for
additional volunteers to show what the clock would
look like for various other times, on the hour.
Show the laminated Clock 1 poster. Call on a
volunteer to come up and draw the big hand on
the face of the clock in one color dry erase marker
and the little hand on the face of the clock with a
different color to match the time on the magnetic
clock shape. have the child write in the time in the
blank at the bottom of the page. erase hands and
repeat for various other times, on the hour, half-hour,
quarter-hour, ten- and five-minute increments.
Center ActivityOnce you have practiced showing and writing time at hour, half-hour,
quarter-hour, ten- and five-minute intervals, provide an opportunity for
children to practice on their own.
display Telling Time poster with digital times written
in with a dry erase marker. draw in the hands on the
first clock face, beginning with on-the-hour times.
have blank, laminated 8 ½” x 11” copies of Telling
Time available for each child. have each child copy
the times written in on the poster to their own copy
and fill in each of the hands on the clock faces to
match the time. The child who correctly draws in the hands for each clock
first, copies them onto the poster. Other children should check their work.
repeat activity using half-hour, quarter-hour, ten- and five-minute intervals
throughout the week.
22
Money Matters Bulletin Board
BBD066
Basic Money MTH340
dollar Coin Sacagawea 2 MTH342
dollar Coin Susan B. Anthony
MTH365
A C t I V I t y n I n e
ACTIVITy NINe
Money: Coins and Bills objectives Children will identify and name coins and dollar bills.
Children will understand coin and dollar equivalences.
MaterialsCUTOUT MAKer:
Money Matters Bulletin Board: BBD066
Basic Money: MTH340
dollar Coin Sacagawea 2: MTH342
dollar Coin Susan B. Anthony: MTH365
OTher:
Large bowl and five small bowls for each small group
envelopes
Preparation Cut the Money Matters Bulletin Board out of cardstock, one set for
each small group. Set the words and dollar bill aside. Place all coins in
a large bowl.
Cut Basic Money coins and bill out of cardstock and place in an
envelope, cut enough for each child to have one set. each child will
have one dollar bill, one half-dollar coin, one Quarter, one dime, one
Nickel and one Penny.
Cut out on cardstock custom-sized to “largest possible on page”: one
set of the Basic Money (dollar Bill, half-dollar Coin, Quarter Coin, dime
Coin, Nickel Coin and Penny Coin), and one each of the dollar Coin
Sacagawea 2 and dollar Coin Susan B. Anthony.
23
Money: CoIns AnD BILLs
MoDIFICAtIon
give children art paper and glue. give
each child 50 penny cutouts, one
nickel, one dime and one quarter from
the Money Matters Bulletin Board
Collection. Place a nickel cutout on
each child’s piece of art paper. Tell
children, “A nickel is worth 5 pennies.”
have children glue one cutout nickel
to art paper and then glue five cutout
pennies next to it. repeat for dime and
quarter. Then have children count the
pennies they have left (10). Ask them to
name the coin that is worth the same
amount as their extra coins (dime).
extensIon
have children add up the Basic Money
cutouts in their envelopes (total: $1.91).
Challenge children to total the amount
of money in two envelopes ($3.82),
three envelopes ($5.73), and so on.
Whole Classdistribute one Basic Money envelope to each child. have children empty
and look through the contents of their envelopes.
hold up the large cardstock Quarter Coin. have children find their Quarter.
Ask children “What is the value of this coin?” ($.25) “how many of these
coins would you need to make $1?” (four)
repeat for the half-dollar, dime, Nickel, Penny and dollar Bill. Then hold
up the Susan B. Anthony and Sacagawea dollar Coins and explain that
each one is worth the same as a dollar bill.
Center ActivityOn each small group table, place one set of Money Matters Bulletin Board
cutout coins in a large bowl. each large bowl will have 100 pennies, 20
nickels, 10 dimes, four quarters, two half-dollars and one dollar bill. Label five
small bowls: Penny 1¢, Nickel 5¢, dime 10¢, Quarter 25¢, half-dollar 50¢.
have children sort the coins from the large bowl into the labeled small
bowls. When all the coins have been sorted, challenge children to count
the money in each small bowl.
24
Money Matters Bulletin Board BBD066
Basic Money MTH340
dollar Coin Sacagawea 2 MTH342
dollar Coin Susan B. Anthony
MTH365
Square Tag 2 TAG057
Circle TagTAG014
rectangle Tag 1 TAG055
diamond Tag TAG052
Oval TagTAG030
hexagon Tag TAG025
Cent Symbol MTH445
Font dollar Sign $
A C t I V I t y t e n
ACTIVITy TeN
Money: Dollars and Centsobjectives Children will uses numerals and symbols to show monetary amounts.
Children will add amounts of money under one dollar.
Materials
Preparation Cut out the Money Matters Bulletin Board coins and bills, one set for
each small group. Set words aside. Place coins in a large bowl.
Cut out the Basic Money coins and bill, and one each of the dollar
Coin Sacagawea 2 and dollar Susan B. Anthony Coin, one set for each
child. Place in an envelope.
Cut out Cent Symbol, dollar Sign, Period/decimal Point, and Font
Numerals 0-9, one set for each child. Place in an envelope with coin
cutouts.
Cut out shape tags custom-sized to 2”-3” from cardstock, using
the following shape tags: Square Tag 2, Circle Tag,
rectangle 1 Tag, diamond Tag, Oval Tag, hexagon Tag
and Octagon Tag.
CUTOUT MAKer:
Money Matters Bulletin Board:
BBD066
Basic Money: MTH340
dollar Coin Sacagawea 2: MTH342
dollar Coin Susan B. Anthony:
MTH365
Square Tag 2: TAG057
Circle Tag: TAG014
rectangle Tag 1: TAG055
diamond Tag: TAG052
Oval Tag: TAG030
hexagon Tag: TAG025
Cent Symbol: MTH445 (Basic)
Font dollar Sign: $
Font Period/decimal Point: .
Font Numerals: 0-9
OTher:
String
envelope
Large Bowl
25
Money: DoLLARs AnD Cents
MoDIFICAtIon
read out loud values of and show
cutouts for individual coins: penny,
nickel, dime, quarter, and half-dollar.
have children use their numerals and
money symbols (dollar sign, decimal
point and cent symbol) to show the
amount two different ways.
extensIon
have children add up the “cost”
of all nine items from the Center
Activity. Challenge them to show the
combination of bills and coins that
would equal that amount using the least
number of bills and coins.
Attach string to each tag. Write amounts in cents less than one dollar
on each tag. For example: 12¢, 23¢, 78¢, etc. Attach tags to small
items in the classroom such as a pencil or a book.
Whole Classgive each child an envelope with money and symbol cutouts (dollar Bill,
dollar Sacagawea 2, dollar Susan B. Anthony, half dollar, Quarter, dime,
Nickel, and Penny coins, Cent Symbol, dollar Sign, Period/decimal Point
and Font Numerals 0-9).
review monetary values. have children hold up their
quarter. Ask a child how many pennies or cents a
quarter is. repeat their answer, “A quarter is twenty-five
cents.” hold up the cent symbol, and tell children this
symbol means cents or pennies.
have them spread out the symbols and numbers on a table or desk.
Then read different amounts of money under one dollar. For example, say,
“fifty-seven cents.” guide children to put the 5, 7, and ¢ together to show
57¢. Circulate around the room, checking their work. repeat with other
amounts under one dollar.
When children are proficient, introduce how to use the dollar sign and
decimal point to show money amounts. repeat the same amounts, under
one dollar, and have children practice using the numerals, dollar sign and
decimal point to represent the amount.
Challenge students to also show you the coins needed to make each
amount.
Center ActivityPlace three items that have price tags on them on each small group table.
Place a bowl of coin cutouts from Money Matters Bulletin Board on the
table. have children find the coins they would need to purchase each item
in the bowl.
Then have them add up the total cost of all three items on the table. Check
their work, have them put the coins back in the bowl and move to the next
table. repeat until each group makes their way to each table.
Font Period/ decimal Point
.
Font Numerals 0-9
26
ADDItIonAL ACtIVItIes
ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES
BULLeTIN BOArdPrint Shapes 1 Border: BOr079 or Shapes 2 Border: BOr080 for a
bulletin board display of children’s Shape Crafts (Activity Two), Quadrilateral
drawings (Activity Four) or Patterns (Activity Seven).
WhAT ShAPe IS A BOOK?Compare the size and shape of trade books in your classroom library. help
children conclude that most books are rectangles. Then give them each
a geometric Bookmark: BKM063 to use while reading shape books such
as Star in My Orange, by dana rau or When a Line Bends… A Shape
Begins, by rhonda gowler greene.
IrregULAr ShAPeSCut out Irregular Pentagon: MTh415 and Quadrilateral: MTh414. have
children compare these to a regular pentagon Pentagon: MTh316 and a
Square: MTh306 (Basic). What makes it irregular? (sides and angles are
not equal) And what could the prefix ir- mean? (not)
LACe UPCut lacing crafts: Star Lacing Craft: CrF060, Star 2 Lacing Craft:
CrF137, heart Lacing Craft: CrF056, heart 2 Lacing Craft: CrF134,
out of cardstock. give children yarn to lace through the holes of each
shape to become familiar with the number of sides and practice hand-eye
coordination.
NOTeS
26
27
R u B R I C
Me
AS
Ur
eM
eN
T &
ge
OM
eT
ry
1 r
UB
rIC
Nam
e
(Ple
ase
note
that
all
have
per
mis
sion
to re
prod
uce
this
rub
ric p
age.
)
Cate
gori
es
Cri
teri
aValu
eM
inim
al
Basi
cP
rofi
cie
nt
Adva
nced
Identi
fies
nam
es
and
att
ribute
s of
two-
dim
ensi
onal sh
apes
Stu
dent
nee
ds a
ssis
tanc
e to
nam
e tw
o-di
men
sion
al
shap
es a
nd th
eir
attr
ibut
es.
Stu
dent
iden
tifies
som
e tw
o-di
men
tiona
l sha
pes
and
thei
r at
trib
utes
.
Stu
dent
can
iden
tify
tw
o-di
men
sion
al s
hape
s w
irh u
p to
six
sid
es a
nd
nam
e th
eir
attr
ibut
es.
Stu
dent
can
iden
tify
tw
o-di
men
sion
al s
hape
s w
ith u
p to
12
side
s an
d th
eir
attr
ibut
es.
sort
s and c
lass
ifies
two-d
imensi
onal
shapes
accord
ing t
o
their
att
ribute
s
Stu
dent
nee
ds g
uida
nce
to s
ort a
nd c
lass
ify
two-
dim
ensi
onal
sha
pes
acco
rdin
g to
thei
r at
trib
utes
.
Stu
dent
can
sor
t and
cl
assi
fy s
ome
tw
o-di
men
sion
al s
hape
s ac
cord
ing
to th
eir
attr
ibut
es.
Stu
dent
cor
rect
ly s
orts
an
d cl
assi
fies
tw
o-di
men
sion
al
shap
es w
ith u
p to
six
si
des
acco
rdin
g to
thei
r at
trib
utes
.
Stu
dent
sor
ts a
nd c
lass
ifies
tw
o-di
men
sion
al s
hape
s w
ith u
p to
12
side
s ac
cord
ing
to th
eir
attr
ibut
es.
unders
tands
that
shapes
can b
e u
sed
to m
odel obje
cts
and
to c
om
pose
a n
ew
sh
ape
Stu
dent
doe
s no
t de
mon
stra
te a
n un
ders
tand
ing
of h
ow
shap
es c
an b
e us
ed
to m
odel
obj
ects
and
co
mpo
se n
ew s
hape
s.
Stu
dent
dem
onst
rate
s a
limite
d un
ders
tand
ing
of
how
sha
pes
can
be u
sed
to m
odel
obj
ects
and
co
mpo
se n
ew s
hape
s.
Stu
dent
dem
onst
rate
s a
com
plet
e un
ders
tand
ing
of h
ow to
use
sha
pes
to m
odel
obj
ects
and
co
mpo
se n
ew s
hape
s.
Stu
dent
dem
onst
rate
s an
in
-dep
th k
now
ledg
e of
how
sh
apes
can
be
used
to
mod
el o
ther
obj
ects
and
co
mpo
ses
new
sha
pes
usin
g co
mbi
natio
ns o
f m
ultip
le d
iffer
ent s
hape
s.
Recogniz
es,
conti
nues
and
const
ructs
new
patt
ern
s
Stu
dent
nee
ds g
uida
nce
to re
cogn
ize,
con
tinue
an
d co
nstr
uct p
atte
rns.
Stu
dent
can
reco
gniz
e an
d co
ntin
ue s
impl
e pa
tter
ns th
at u
se tw
o el
emen
ts.
Stu
dent
can
reco
gniz
e,
cont
inue
and
con
stru
ct
sim
ple
two
and
thre
e el
emen
t pat
tern
s.
Stu
dent
can
reco
gniz
e,
cont
inue
and
con
stru
ct b
oth
sim
ple
and
com
plex
two
and
thre
e el
emen
t pat
tern
s.
tells
tim
e f
rom
analo
g a
nd d
igit
al
clo
cks
Stu
dent
nee
ds a
ssis
tanc
e te
lling
time
on a
nalo
g an
d di
gita
l clo
cks.
Stu
dent
tells
tim
es o
n an
alog
and
dig
ital c
lock
s fo
r tim
es o
n th
e ho
ur, h
alf-
hour
and
qua
rter
hou
r.
Stu
dent
tells
tim
e on
an
alog
and
dig
ital c
lock
s fo
r al
l tim
e in
terv
als
in o
ne
day.
Stu
dent
tells
tim
e on
ana
log
and
digi
tal c
lock
s fo
r al
l tim
e in
terv
als,
incl
udin
g so
lvin
g w
ord
prob
lem
s us
ing
time.
Identi
fies
valu
e o
f and s
olv
es
pro
ble
ms
invo
lvin
g d
ollar
bills
, quart
ers
, dim
es,
nic
kels
and p
ennie
s
Stu
dent
can
not i
dent
ify
valu
e of
dol
lar
bills
, qu
arte
rs, d
imes
, nic
kels
an
d pe
nnie
s.
Stu
dent
can
iden
tify
valu
e of
and
sol
ve s
impl
e pr
oble
ms
usin
g do
llar
bills
, qu
arte
rs, d
imes
, nic
kels
an
d pe
nnie
s.
Stu
dent
can
iden
tify
valu
e of
and
sol
ve w
ord
prob
lem
s us
ing
dolla
r bi
lls, q
uart
ers,
dim
es,
nick
els
and
penn
ies.
Stu
dent
can
iden
tify
valu
e of
and
sol
ve c
ompl
ex w
ord
prob
lem
s us
ing
dolla
r bi
lls,
quar
ters
, dim
es, n
icke
ls,
penn
ies,
and
dol
lar
coin
s.
tota
l:
28
C o n t e n t L I s t
MeASUreMeNT & geOMeTry 1 CONTeNT LIST
Poster Maker ID name Activities
Pre023 Shapes 3
VIS053 rectangle Tessellation 7
VIS054 rhombus Tessellation 7
VIS055 diamond Tessellation 7
VIS059 Isosceles Triangle Tessellation 7
VIS062 hexagon Tessellation 7
VIS074 equilateral Triangle Tessellation 7
VIS075 Telling Time 8
VIS138 Polygons 3, 4
VIS252 Simple Shapes 2
VIS274 Quadrilaterals 4
VIS275 Clock 1 8
Awards Maker ID name Activities
PeK003 Circle Sticker 6
PeK006 diamond Sticker 6
PeK010 Star Sticker 6
PeK011 Triangle Sticker 6
STK209 Parallelogram Sticker 3
STK212 Quadrilateral Sticker
STK215 rectangle Sticker 3, 6
STK216 rhombus Sticker 3
STK222 Square Sticker 3, 6
STK305 hexagon Sticker 3, 6
STK362 Trapezoid Sticker 3
STK363 Pentagon Sticker 3, 6
STK364 Octagon Sticker 3, 6
STK365 Oval Sticker 6
Cutout Maker ID name Activities
BBd066* Money Matters Bulletin Board 9, 10
BKM063 geometric Bookmark Additional
BKS015 Circle Book Cover 5
BKS016 Circle Book Page 5
BKS053 hexagon Book Cover 5
BKS054 hexagon Book Page 5
BKS146 Parallelogram Book Cover 5
BKS147 Parallelogram Book Page 5
BKS163 Triangle Book Cover 5
BKS164 Triangle Book Page 5
29
C o n t e n t L I s t
MeASUreMeNT & geOMeTry 1 CONTeNT LIST (cont.)
Cutout Maker ID (cont.) name Activities
BOr079 Shapes 1 Border Additional
BOr080 Shapes 2 Border Additional
CrF056 heart Lacing Craft Additional
CrF060 Star Lacing Craft Additional
CrF134 heart 2 Lacing Craft Additional
CrF137 Star 2 Lacing Craft Additional
CrF153* Shape Craft house & Train 2
CrF154* Shape Craft Clown & robot 2
CrF162* Animal Colors & dot Patterns 7
CrF163* Circus Colors & dot Patterns 7
CrF164* dinosaur Colors & dot Patterns 7
CrF165* Farm Colors & dot Patterns 7
CrF166* Fruit Colors & dot Patterns 7
CrF167* Space Colors & dot Patterns 7
FrA008 Circle 1 Frame 6
FrA010 Circle 3 Frame
FrA012 diamond Frame 6
FrA017 hexagon Frame 6
FrA023 Octagon Frame 6
FrA024 Oval 1 Frame 6
FrA026 Oval 3 Frame
FrA030 Pentagon Frame 6
FrA034 rectangle Frame 6
FrA038 Square Frame 6
FrA046 Star Frame 6
FrA051 Triangle Frame 6
MTh111 Attribute Shapes 1
MTh263 Tessellating T
MTh279 Clock 8
MTh307 decagon 3
MTh308 dodecagon 3
MTh309 diamond
MTh310 heptagon 3
MTh311 hexagon 2, 3, 5
MTh312 Nonagon 3
MTh313 Octagon 2, 3
MTh314 Oval 2
MTh315 Parallelogram 3, 4, 5
30
C o n t e n t L I s t
MeASUreMeNT & geOMeTry 1 CONTeNT LIST (cont.)
Cutout Maker ID (cont.) name Activities
MTh316 Pentagon 2, 3, Additional
MTh318 rhombus 1, 2, 3, 4
MTh320 Trapezoid 2, 3, 4
MTh331 hexagon Pattern Blocks
MTh340* Basic Money 1 9, 10
MTh342 dollar Coin Sacagawea 2 9, 10
MTh365 dollar Coin Susan B. Anthony 9, 10
MTh414 Quadrilateral 4, Additional
MTh415 Irregular Pentagon Additional
NTg012 Octagon Nametag
PUZ002 5 Piece Pentagon Puzzle
PUZ022 9 Piece Circle Puzzle 2
PUZ027 8 Piece Oval Puzzle 2
PUZ067 6 Piece Square Puzzle 2
STN016 Circle Stencil 2
STN018 diamond Stencil 2
STN037 hexagon Stencil
STN038 heart Stencil
STN050 Octagon Stencil
STN052 Oval Stencil 2
STN053 Pentagon Stencil
STN059 rectangle Stencil 2
STN061 rhombus Stencil
STN071 Square Stencil 2
STN073 Star Stencil 2
STN083 Triangle Stencil 2
TAg014 Circle Tag 10
TAg025 hexagon Tag 10
TAg030 Oval Tag 10
TAg052 diamond Tag 10
TAg055 rectangle Tag 1 10
TAg057 Square Tag 2 10
*Indicates Cutout Maker collection
31
VARIQuest WoRK oRDeR
VArIQUeST WOrK Order TeMPLATeThis template can be photocopied and used for placing orders for customized posters, banners, stickers, awards, cutouts and collections.
date Order Placed: __________________________________ Order #: _________________________________________
date Order Needed By: ______________________________ date Completed: _________________________________
Staff Name: ___________________________________________________________________________________________
room #: _________________________ Phone #: ___________________________________________________________
e-mail: ________________________________________________________________________________________________
special Instructions:
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
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_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Visual Learning Tools
For additional resources and
standards alignment visit
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800-328-0585
MOd008 00
