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InformationTechnologyInformationTechnology
• Microcomputers
• Optical discs
• Others mass storage media
• Telecommunications
• Digital images
• Computer graphics
• Multimedia
• Compression technologies
Information on Internet:Some Shortcomings
Information on Internet:Some Shortcomings
• Lack of regulations about what can be placed on the network
• Few standards for entry
• Sparse checks and balances on accuracy and authenticity
Information on InternetInformation on Internet
• Articles
• Books
• Other papers
• Raw data
• Video
• Audio
• Interactive discussions
• Advertisements
Individual LibraryIndividual Library
• Stand alone
• Worth measured by:
Size of collectionSubject strength
4 Phases of Library Development
4 Phases of Library Development
• Paper Library
• Automated Library
• Electronic Library
• Digital Library
Technology Extending 4 Walls of Library
Technology Extending 4 Walls of Library
• Making resources within library available beyond its walls
• Making resources beyond its walls available within the library
LIBRARIANS are:LIBRARIANS are:
• Negotiators - identifying needs
• Facilitators - providing effective search strategies
• Educators - familiar with literature
• Information intermediaries - link between seekers of
information and the information itself
Challenges to Sharing Resources
Challenges to Sharing Resources
• Rapid pace of change• Steadily expanding volume of recorded knowledge
in print and others media• Development of information technologies• Acceleration of change in international relations• Introduction of several communications models• Rapid rate of information access• Need to collaborate with other segments of
information environment
ResourcesPreserve Purvey
Own Collection Virtual LibraryOne Medium Multiple Media
ServicesStorage facility SupermarketCustodial Access and DeliverJust in case Just in time delivery
Users
Wait for Users to Come Promote Links to Users
Staff Authority User Empowerment
INFORMATIONINFORMATIONPARADIGM SHIFTPARADIGM SHIFT
Two QuestionsTwo Questions
• What does it cost to have materials / services available?
• What does it cost not of having access to materials / services?
Dichotomy of Resources
Dichotomy of Resources
On - site ownership when :– Library serves as archive – cost - effective to purchase– access is constant (reserve)– difficult in terms of technology
Access online when :– less expensive – timely and simple– only way to access– enhances information
World Intellectual Property Organization
(W I P O)
World Intellectual Property Organization
(W I P O)
Deliberations revealed :– extraordinary complexities in legal and
technical arena– significant financial interests at risk – diversity of technology and network
experience– concentrations of intellectual property
creation in the west
Fair Use and PiracyFair Use and Piracy
• Books • Journals• Video tapes• Audio tapes• Broadcast materials• Computer software• Compact discs
ConflictConflict
• Information for all (Free)
• Information as Commodity (Fee)
• Issue of access - does not rest with technology, rather:
cost and pricing needs and reactions policies and regulations
INFORMATION ACCESS BARRIERS
INFORMATION ACCESS BARRIERS
• legal intervention
• physical distance and time • affordable for all • intellectual restrictions
• organized or rather unorganized • copyright • technological sophistication
• language and culture
HIERARCHY OF INFORMATION ASSIMILATION
DATADATA
INFORMATIONINFORMATION
KNOWLEDGEKNOWLEDGE
UNDERSTANDINGUNDERSTANDING
WISDOMWISDOM
ENLIGHTMENTENLIGHTMENT
INFORMATION INDUSTRIES
• Expansion of the information industries
• Growing use of information as a governmental, educational, and corporate resource
• Use of information by citizens to improve their lives
Nothing is predictable Three driving forces:
Nothing is predictable Three driving forces:
• Customers
• Competition
• Change
TYPES OF CHANGETYPES OF CHANGE
• UNPLANNED: FORCING THE ORGANIZATION TO REACT - CHANGE IS OUT OF CONTROL OR MISMANAGED AND CAN PROVE DESTRUCTIVE
• PLANNED: BRINGS ABOUT RENEWAL AND RECOMMITMENT
RESISTENCE TO CHANGERESISTENCE TO CHANGE
• People don’t understand or do not want to understand
• People have not been fully informed• People’s habits and securities are
threatened• People are happy with the status quo• People have vested interests and
definite perceptions of what is needed and wanted
Change cannot occur by edict alone
Change cannot occur by edict alone
• it is not possible for management to decree change and then expect others to make it happen.
• implementing new ideas and services requires participation by those who will be affected by such change.
CHANGE INVOLVESCHANGE INVOLVES
- Designing programs to meet the markets needs and desires
- Using effective financing (of resources)
- Communications (of services)
- Distribution (of systems)
CHANGE INVOLVES:
A deliberate progression toward:• Renewing the organization• Reordering priorities• Retraining staff• Reorganizing space• Renewing equipment• Restructuring the hierarchy• Redirecting financial resources
CHANGES THAT AFFECT STRATEGIC PLANNING
CHANGES THAT AFFECT STRATEGIC PLANNING
- INTRODUCTION OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES- EMERGENCE OF A WORLD ECONOMY- DEVELOPMENT OF A CHANGING POLITICAL AND SOCIAL
MATRIX- CREATION OF A “KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY” WITH FUNDS
SPENT ON PROCURING IDEAS AND INFORMATION- KNOWLEDGE THE CENTRAL FACTOR OF PRODUCTION
• THEREFORE: STRATEGIC PLANNING PROVIDES INFORMATION ON EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL FORCES PROMOTING AND FACILITATING CHANGE
THE LIBRARY OR
INFORMATION CENTER
FORCES OF CHANGELIMITED
FINANCIAL INVESTMENTS
ACCELERATED
INFORMATION &
COST
INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY
USER EDUCATION AND
EXPECTATIONS
STRATEGIC PLANNINGIS
STRATEGIC PLANNINGIS
• MOST OFTEN ASSOCIATED WITH GROWTH; BUT
• EQUALLY IMPORTANT FOR: MAINTENANCE OF CURRENT EFFORTS; OR
• RETRENCHMENT
STRATEGIC PLANNINGIS A TOOL:
STRATEGIC PLANNINGIS A TOOL:
• FOR EFFECTIVE IDENTIFICATION OF MISSION
• DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIZATIONAL PRIORITIES
Planning is Forecasting
“Planning is an effort to anticipate the future and the inevitable change that comes with it”
MANAGEMENT IMPERATIVEMANAGEMENT IMPERATIVE
STRATEGIC PLANNING EXERCISES CAN REFINE AN ORGANIZATION’S SENSE OF PURPOSE AND GIVE DIRECTION. IT CAN RENEW THE ORGANIZATION’S PURPOSE.
STRATEGIC PLANNINGIS THE PROCESS OF:
STRATEGIC PLANNINGIS THE PROCESS OF:
• TRANSLATING DECISIONS INTO POLICIES; AND
• POLICIES INTO ACTION
BENEFITS OF PLANNINGBENEFITS OF PLANNING
• Helps to identify options and possibilities
• Encouragement to consider the needs of clientele and community at large
• Monitor trends in the environment
• Gives direction to emphasizing the mission
BENEFITS (cont’d)BENEFITS (cont’d)
• Helps set priorities for resource and orient toward the future
• Cope with continued uncertainty and risk
• Increase control over environmental change
• Allocate resources to priorities identified
ADDED BENEFIT :ADDED BENEFIT :
• SELF-ANALYSIS AND SELF-STUDY
• IDENTIFYING STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES
• DEVELOPED WITHIN A FRAMEWORK OF PHYSICAL AND FINANCIAL CAPABILITIES
STRATEGIC PLANNINGACTIVITIES INVOLVE: STRATEGIC PLANNINGACTIVITIES INVOLVE:
• VALUES• VISION• MISSION• GOALS• ENVIRONMENTAL SCAN• INTERNAL ASSESSMENT• OBJECTIVES/STRATEGIES• ACTIVITIES, TASKE AND INITIATIVES• POLICY ISSUES• ACTION PLAN - MARKETING• EVALUATION
THE PLANNING PROCESS THE PLANNING PROCESS
• Preparing for planning task• Gathering information about the organization
and its community• Selecting roles and defining mission• Establishing goals and objectives• Selecting activities and tasks• Reporting results• Evaluating accomplishments
INTERNAL ASSESSMENT - SWOT
INTERNAL ASSESSMENT - SWOT
• STRENGTHS
• WEAKNESSES
• OPPORTUNITIES
• THREATS
ClimateEnvironment
Internal-Climate - External Environment
LOOKING AROUND
External regulations
Technology
Multi-cultural Society
Work-family blend
Demographics
Attitude toward informationdervices
Work demands
Morale CooperationVersusCompetetion
ExperienceVersusRisk-taking
Participatory style
ConstraintsOpportunities
Information Services:Opportunities and Constraints
Information Service
Interactive systems
More resources
Information and referral service
Automation
Marketing
Increase users quality of collections and access
Lack of staff
Budget Conflicting perceptions of service
Limited bibliographic control
Apathy of potential
ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS PEST
ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS PEST
• POLITICAL
• ECONOMIC
• SOCIAL
• TECHNOLOGICAL
PEST
ANALYSIS
POLITICALIntellectual property issues, governments
react to change
ECONOMIC
exchange rates;
publishers prices,
varying tax revenues,
inflation
SOCIAL
economically
disadvantaged,
disenfranchised,
TECHNOLOGICAL:
Globilization, technolog
ical environment ubiqui
tous
Quality of Information Services
Technical support, i.e.Online services, computer access, etc.
Organizational climate and management style
Bibliographic controlover information
Staff skills and competence
Size/type of collections (resources, database) or access to outside sources
Physical organization and location of resources
Information needs of clientele
Factors that Impact on the Quality ofInformation Services
Other factors
FROM ANALYSIS EMERGES UNDERSTANDING OF:
FROM ANALYSIS EMERGES UNDERSTANDING OF:
• WHAT THE ORGANIZATION IS• WHO IT SERVES• HOW IT INTENDS TO ACHIEVE
ITS PLAN BY IDENTIFYING PRIORITIES
VISIONVISION
• FOCUSES ON A BETTER FUTURE• ENCOURAGES HOPES AND DREAMS• APPEALS TO COMMON VLAUES• STATES POSITIVE OUTCOMES• EMPHASIZES STRENGTHS OF UNIFIED GROUP• USES WORD PICTURES• COMMUNICATES ENTHUSIASM/EXCITEMENT
IT IS THE “WHY” STATEMENT
Example of GOAL #1
• Prepare future information professionals to design and deliver information and instructional services, using various methodologies to meet the current and changing information needs for diverse communities in support of learning, understanding and knowledge development.
Example of OBJECTIVE #1 under GOAL #1
• Provide basic knowledge about theory, principles, and practices that are important for the provision of good information services, including instruction about:1. The nature of information2. How it is used and managed3. Systems, mechanisms, institutions, and tools to facilitate this use4. Those factors placed in the social, economic, political and technological context of society
STRATEGY #1 in relation to OBJECTIVE #1 under GOAL #1
• Teach, as appropriate, using new information technology and interactive instructional programs, including self-instructional tools, to reach all students (customers) in a timely and convenient manner.
RESOURCES FOR STRATEGIC PLANNING
RESOURCES FOR STRATEGIC PLANNING
TANGIBLE INPUT • strategy• cash• policyTANGIBLE OUTPUT• growth• quality