APUSH Key Terms by Period & ThemeAs you read through the text,

The American Pageant, please identify, describe & explain the relevance for each of the following. Inquiring minds want to know. You are becoming a Historian Apprentice

Period 1: 1491-1607Exchange & Interaction (WXT, GEO) ; maize Horses DiseaseLabor Systems (WXT)Encomienda systemAsiento systemSlaveryMigration (MIG)Land bridgeAdena-HopewellHokokam, Anasazi & PueblosWoodlands Mound buildersLakota Sioux

Identity & Politics (NAT,POL)MayasIncasAztecsConquistadoresHernan CortesFransisco PizarroNew Laws of 1542Roanoke Island

Atlantic Trade (WOR)CompassPrinting pressFerdinand & IsabellaProtestant ReformationHenry the NavigatorChristopher ColumbusTreaty of TordesillasSlave tradeNation-state

American Indians (MIG,POL)AlgonquianSiouanIroquois ConfederationLonghouses

Search for Resources (GEO)John CabotMAY 11 TH , 2018 8AM , 3 hrs & 15 min APUSH TEST

Jacques CartierSamuel de ChamplainHenry Hudson

Values & Attitudes (CUL)Bartolome de Las CasasValladolid DebateJuan Gines de Sepulveda

Period 2: 1607-1754Religion (CUL)Cecil Clavert, Lord BaltimoreAct of TolerationRoger WilliamsProvidenceAnne HutchinsonAntinomianismRhode IslandHalfWay ConvenantQuakersWilliam PennHoly ExperimentCharter Of Liberties (1701)

Crops (GEO)Rice plantationsTobacco farms

Early Settlements (MIG)John CabotJamestownCaptain John SmithJohn RolfePocahontasJamestownPuritansSeparatistsPilgrimsMayflowerPlymouth CompanyMassachusetts Bay ColonyJohn WinthropGreat MigrationVirginiaThomas HookerJohn DavenportConnecticutNew Hampshire

cont. Period 2: 1607-1754 Later Settlements (MIG)The CarolinasNew YorkNew JerseyPennsylvaniaDelawareGeorgiaJames Oglethorpe

Conflict (MIG)WampanoagsMetacomKing Philip’s War

Self Rule (POL)Mayflower CompactVirginia House of BurgessesSir William BerkeleyBacon’s RebellionFundamental Orders of Connecticut (1639)New England ConfederationFrame of Government (1682)

Authority (WOR)Corporate coloniesRoyal coloniesProprietary coloniesChesapeake coloniesJoint-stock coloniesVirginia colony

Royal Authority (WOR)MercantilismNavigation ActsDominion of New EnglandSir Edmund AndrosGlorious Revolution

Labor (WXT)Indentured ServantsHeadright systemSlaveryTriangular tradeMiddle Passage

Arts & Science (CUL)English cultural dominationBenjamin WestJohn CopleyBenjamin FranklinPoor Richard’s AlmanackPhillis WheatleyJohn Bartram

Professions: religion, medicine, law

Religion (CUL)Religious tolerationEstablished churchGreat AwakeningJonathan EdwardsGeorge WhitefieldCotton MatherSectarianNonsectarian

The Land (GEO)Subsistence farming

Ethnicity (NAT)J. Hector St. John CrevecoeurColonial familiesGermansScoth-IrishHugeunotsDutchSwedesAfrican’s

People (MIG)ImmigrantsSocial mobility

Government (POL)Heredity aristocracyJohn Peter ZengerAndrew HamiltonEnlightenmentColonial governorsColonial legislaturesTown meetingsCountry governmentLimited democracy

Period 3 : 1754-1800Colonial Unrest (NAT, POL)Patrick HenryStamp Act CongressSons and Daughters of LibertyJohn Dickinson; “Letters From…” Samuel AdamsJames OtisMassachusetts Circular LetterCommittees of Correspondence Intolerable Acts

Rulers & Policies (WXT)George lllWhigsParliamentSalutary NeglectLord Frederick North

American Indians (MIG) Pontiac’s RebellionProclamation of 1763

Empire (POL, GEO)Seven Years’ War (French and Indian War)Albany Plan of Union (1754)Edward BraddockGeorge WashingtonPeace of Paris (1763)

Economic Policies (WOR)Sugar Act (1764)Quartering Act (1765)Stamp Act (1765)Declaratory Act (1766)Townshend Acts (1767)Writs of AssistanceTea Act (1773)Coercive Acts (1774)

- Port Act- Massachusetts Government Act- Administration of Justice Act

Quebec Act (1774)

Philosophy (CUL)Enlightenment DeismRationalism John LockeJean-Jacques Rousseau

Separation (NAT)Intolerable ActsPatrick Henry

Samuel AdamsJohn AdamsJohn DickinsonJohn JayFirst Continental (1774)Joseph GallowaySuffolk Resolves economic sanctionsDeclaration of Rights and Grievances Second Continental Congress (1775)Olive Branch PetitionDeclaration of the Causes and Necessities for Taking Up ArmsThomas JeffersonDeclaration of Independence George Washington

Expansion (MIG, POL)Land Ordinance of 1785Northwest Ordinance of 1787

War (POL) Paul RevereWilliam DawesLexington ConcordBattle of Bunker HillBattle of SaratogaGeorge Rogers ClarkBattle of YorktownArticles of Confederation unicameral legislature

Final Break (WOR)absolute monarch Prohibitory Act (1775)Treaty of Paris (1783)

A New Nation (CUL) Thomas Paine; Common SensePatriots Loyalists (Tories)MinutemanContinentals Valley Forge Abigail AdamsDeborah SampsonMary McCauley (Molly Pitcher)Shay’s Rebellion

Founders (NAT, CUL)James MadisonAlexander HamiltonFramers of the Constitution Gouverneur Morris and John Dickinson

cont. Period 3 : 1754-1800Federalists Anti-FederalistsThe Federalist PapersBill of Rights; amendmentsWashington’s Farewell Address“permanent alliances”Alien and Sedition ActsKentucky and Virginia Resolutions

Disputes (WXT) slave trade infant industriesnational banktariffs: excise taxes

Expansion (MIG, POL)Battle of Fallen Timbers Treaty of GreenvillePublic Land Act (1796)

A Constitution (POL) Mt. Vernon ConferenceAnnapolis ConventionConstitutional Convention checks and balances Virginia PlanNew Jersey PlanConnecticut Plan; Great Compromise House of Representatives SenateThree-Fifths Compromiseelectoral college systemLegislative BranchCongress

A New Republic (POL) executive departments: cabinet Henry Knox Edmund RandolphJudiciary Act (1789)federal courtsSupreme Courtnational debtWhiskey RebellionFederalist eraDemocratic - Republican Partypolitical parties two-term traditionJohn AdamsRevolution of 1800

Foreign Affairs (WOR)French RevolutionProclamation of Neutrality (1793)

“Citizen” GenetJay Treaty (1794)Pinckney Treaty (1795) right of depositXYZ Affair

Period 4 : 1800-1848Decisions (NAT , POL)Thomas JeffersonLouisiana Purchase War hawksHenry ClayJohn C. Calhoun

The West (MIG)TecumsehProphetWilliam Henry HarrisonBattle of Tippecanoe

Supreme Court (POL)strict interpretationJohn MarshallJudicial Review Marbury v. MadisonAaron Burr“Quids” Hartford Convention (1814)

War (WOR) Napoleon BonaparteToussaint I’OuvertureBarbary piratesNeutralityImpressment Chesapeake-Leopard affairEmbargo Act (1807)James MadisonNonintercourse Act (1809)Macon’s Bill No. 2 (1810)War of 1812“Old Ironsides”Battle of Lake ErieOliver Hazard PerryBattle of the Thames River Thomas MacdonoughBattle of Lake ChamplainAndrew JacksonBattle of Horseshoe BendCreek nationBattle of New OrleansTreaty of Ghent (1814)

cont. Period 4 : 1800-1848Exploration (GEO)Lewis and Clark expedition

The Anthem (CUL)Francis Scott Key“The Star-Spangled Banner”

Public Confidence (NAT)Era of Good FeelingsSectionalismJames MonroeCultural nationalismEconomic nationalism

Industry (WXT)Tariff of 1816Protective tariffHenry Clay; American SystemSecond Bank of the United StatesPanic of 1819Lancaster TurnpikeNational (Cumberland) RoadErie CanalRobert Fulton; steamboatsRailroadsEli Whitney; interchangeable partsCorporationsSamuel SlaterFactory systemLowell System; textile millsIndustrializationSpecializationUnionsCotton ginMarket Revolution

Making the Law (POL)John MarshallFletcher v. PeckMcCulloch v. Maryland Dartmouth College v. Woodward Gibbons v. OgdenImplied powers Tallmadge AmendmentMissouri Compromise (1820)

Foreign Affairs (WOR)Stephen Decatur Rush-Bagot Agreement (1817)Treaty of 1818Andrew JacksonFlorida Purchase Treaty (1819)Monroe Doctrine (1823)

Identities & Conflict (NAT)NortheastOld NorthwestSectionalismNativists American partySupreme Order of the Star-Spangled BannerKnow-Nothing PartyFree African Americans PlantersCodes of ChivalryPoor whitesHillbilliesMountain menThe WestThe Frontier

Migration (NAT, MIG) Deep SouthAmerican Indian removal Great PlainsWhite settlers

Urban Growth (MIG)UrbanizationUrban lifeNew citiesIrish; potato famineRoman Catholic Tammany HallGermansOld NorthwestImmigration

The Slave Industry (MIG/WXT) King CottonEli Whitney“Peculiar institution”Denmark Vesey Nat TurnerSlave codesCode of Chivalry

Industry & Problems (WXT)Industrial RevolutionUnionsCommonwealth v. HuntTen-hour workdayCyrus McCormickJohn Deere

Changing Politics (POL)Daniel WebsterTammany Hall

cont. Period 4 : 1800-1848Ignorance (GEO)Environmental damage Extinction

Migration (NAT, MIG)Indian Removal Act (1830)Cherokee Nation v. Georgia Worchester v. Georgia Cherokee trail of tears

Economics (WXT)Bank of the United StatesNicholas BiddleRoger Taney“Pet banks”Specie CircularPanic of 1837Martin Van Buren

Common Man (NAT, POL)Common manUniversal white male suffrage Party nominating convention“King Caucus”Popular election of president

Jacksonian Politics (POL)Anti-Masonic partyWorkingmen’s partyPopular campaigningSpoils systemRotation in officeJohn Quincy AdamsHenry Clay“Corrupt bargain”Tariff of 1828; “tariff of abominations”Revolution of 1828Andrew JacksonRole of the president Peggy Eaton affair States’ rightsNullification crisisWebster-Hayne debate John C. CalhounProclamation to the People of South Carolina Two-party systemDemocrats Whigs“Log cabin and hard cider” campaign

Alternative Groups (NAT)Utopian communities Shakers

Amana Colonies Robert Owen New Harmony Joseph Henry Noyes Oneida community Charles FourierPhalanxes Horace Mann

Reforming Society (POL)Temperance American Temperance Society Washingtonians Women’s Christian Temperance UnionAsylum movement Dorothea DixThomas Gallaudet Samuel Gridley HowePenitentiaries Auburn SystemHorace MannPublic school movementMcGuffey readersAmerican Peace Society

Abolition Efforts (POL)American Colonization SocietyAmerican Antislavery Society Abolitionism William Lloyd Garrison; The LiberatorLiberty partyFrederick Douglas; The North StarHarriet TubmanDavid Ruggles Sojourner TruthWilliam StillDavid WalkerHenry Highland Garnet Nat Turner

New Ideas (CUL)Antebellum period Romantic movement Transcendentalists Ralph Waldo Emerson, “The American Scholar”Henry David Thoreau, Walden, “On Civil Disobedience”Brook FarmGeorge Ripley Feminists Margaret FullerTheodore ParkerGeorge Caleb BinghamWilliam S. MountThomas ColeFrederick Church Hudson River School

cont. Period 4 : 1800-1848Washington IrvingJames Fenimore CooperNathaniel HawthorneSylvester GrahamAmelia Bloomer

Thoughts on Religion (CUL)Second Great AwakeningTimothy DwightRevivalism; revival (camp)MeetingsMillennialismChurch of Latter-Day Saints; MormonsJoseph SmithBrigham YoungNew Zion

Women’s Rights (CUL)Women’s rights movementCult of domesticitySarah GrimkeAngelina GrimkeLetter on the Condition of Women and the Equality of the SexesLucretia MottElizabeth Cady Stanton Seneca Falls Convention (1848) Susan B. Anthony

Period 5 : 1848-1877Belief (NAT) Manifest destiny

Expanding Economy (WXT) Industrial technologyElias HoweSamuel F.B. MorseRailroadsPanic of 1857

Westward (MIG/GEO)Great American DesertMountain menFar WestOverland trailsMining frontierGold rushSilver rushFarming frontier Urban frontier Federal land grants

Expansion Politics (POL)John TylerOregon territory “Fifty-four Forty or Fight!”James K. PolkWilmot ProvisoFranklin PeirceOstend Manifesto (1852)

Military & Diplomatic Expansion (WOR)TexasStephen AustinAntonio Lopez de Santa AnnaSam HoustonAlamoAroostook WarWebster-Ashburton Treaty (1842)Rio Grande; Nueces RiverMexican War (1846-1847)Zachary TaylorStephen KearneyWinfield ScottJohn C. FremontCalifornia; Bear Flag RepublicTreaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1850)Mexican CessionWalker ExpeditionClayton-Bulwer Treaty (1850)Gadsden Purchase (1853)Foreign commerceExports and importsMatthew C. PerryKanagawa Treaty

Battle for the Territories (MIG, POL)Free-soil movementFree-Soil partyConscience Whigs“Barnburners”New England Emigrant Aid Company“Bleeding Kansas”Pottawatomie Creek Lecompton constitution

Compromising (POL)Popular sovereigntyLewis CassHenry ClayZachary TaylorCompromise of 1850Stephen A. DouglasMillard FillmoreKansas-Nebraska Act (1854)Crittenden compromise

con.t Period 5 : 1848-1877Slavery (POL)Fugitive Slave LawUnderground RailroadHarriet TubmanDred Scott v. Sandford Roger TaneyAbraham LincolnLincoln-Douglas debates House-divided speechFreeport Doctrine

Violent Responses (POL)Summer-Brooks incident John BrownHarpers Ferry raid

Writing Power (CUL)Harriet Beecher Stowe, Uncle Tom’s CabinHinton R. Helper, Impending Crisis of the SouthGeorge Fitzhugh, Sociology of the South

The Break (NAT, POL)Border statesConfederate States of America Jefferson DavisAlexander H. StephensSecond American Revolution

Economic Growth (WXT)GreenbacksMorrill Tariff Act (1861)Morrill Land Grant Act (1862)Pacific Railway Act (1862)

Free Land (MIG)Homestead Act (1862)

The Fighting (POL, GEO, CUL)Fort SumterBull RunThomas (Stonewall) JacksonWinfield ScottAnaconda PlanGeorge McClellanRobert E. Lee AntietamFredericksburgMonitor vs. MerrimacUlysses S. GrantShilohDavid FarragutGettysburgVicksburg

Sherman’s MarchAppomattox Court House

War and the Law (POL)Executive powerHabeas corpusInsurrectionConfiscation acts Emancipation Proclamation 13th Amendment Ex Parte MilliganDraft riots

Wartime Politics (POL)CopperheadsElection of 1864

War Diplomacy (WOR)Trent AffairAlabama Laird rams

The Final Act (CUL)John Wilkes Booth

Social Impact (NAT, CUL)Segregated black troopsMassachusetts 54th RegimentWomen in the workplaceWomen in nursing War’s long term effects4 million freedmen

Equality (NAT, POL)Civil Rights Act of 186614th Amendment Equal protection of the lawsDue process of law15th Amendment Civil Rights Act of 1875

Corruption (WXT, POL)Jay Gould Credit MobilierWilliam (Boss) Tweed

Politics (POL)SpoilsmenPatronageThomas Nast Liberal Republicans Horace GreeleyPanic of 1873GreenbacksRedeemers

con.t Period 5 : 1848-1877Rutherford B. Hayes Samuel J. TildenCompromise of 1877

Reconstruction (POL, CUL)Presidential ReconstructionProclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction (1863)Wade-Davis Bill (1864)Andrew JacksonFreedman’s BureauBlack CodesCongressional ReconstructionRadical Republicans Charles SumnerThaddeus StephensBenjamin Wade Reconstruction Acts (1867)Tenure of Office Act (1867)Edwin StantonImpeachmentScalawagsCarpetbaggersBlanche K. Bruce Hiram Revels Sharecropping Ku Klux Klan Force Acts (1870, 1871)Amnesty Act of 1872

MAY 11 TH , 2018 8AM , 3 hrs & 15 min APUSH TEST

Period 6 : 1865-1898Transportation (WXT)Nation’s first big business Cornelius VanderbiltEastern trunk linesTranscontinental railroadsUnion and Central PacificAmerican Railroad AssociationRailroads and time zonesSpeculation and overbuildingJay Gould, watering stockRebates and poolsBankruptcy or railroads Panic of 1893

Large Scale Industry (WXT)Causes of industrial growthAndrew CarnegieVertical integrationU.S. SteelJohn D. RockefellerHorizontal integration

Standard Oil Trust Interlocking directorates J.P. Morgan Leading industrial power

Technology (WXT)Second Industrial RevolutionBessemer processTransatlantic cableAlexander Graham Bell TelephoneThomas EdisonMenlo Park research laboratory Electric power; lightningGeorge Westinghouse Eastman’s Kodak camera

Marketing (WXT)Large department storesR. H. MacyMail-order companiesSears, RoebuckPackaged foodsRefrigeration; canningGustavus SwiftAdvertisingConsumer economy

Role of Government (WXT) Federal land grants and loansFraud and corruption, Credit MobilierInterstate Commerce Act of 1886Anti-trust movement Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890Federal courts, U.S. v. E. C. Knight

Organized Labor (WXT) Causes of labor discontent“Iron law of wages”Anti-union tactics Railroad strike of 1877Knights of LaborHaymarket bombingAmerican Federation of Labor Samuel GompersPullman Strike Eugene Debs

Work and Migration (WXT, MIG)Railroad workers: Chinese, Irish, veteransOld rich vs. new richWhite-collar workersExpanding middle classFactory wage earners

con.t Period 6 : 1865-1898Women and children factory workersWomen clerical workers

Ideas, Beliefs (CUL)Protestant work ethicAdam SmithLaissez-faire capitalismConcentration of wealthSocial DarwinismWilliam Graham SumnerSurvival of the fittest Gospel of WealthHoratio Alger stories“Self-made man”

Western Environment (GEO)Great American Desert100th meridianBuffalo herdsGreat PlainsMineral resources

Western Development (WXT)Mining frontier, boomtownsChinese Exclusion Act of 1882Commercial citiesLonghorns, vaquerosCattle drivesBarbed wireJoseph GliddenHomestead ActDry farming

American Indians (MIG, POL)Great Plains tribesSouthwest tribesFederal treaty policiesCauses of “Indian Wars”Little Big HornAssimilationsHelen Hunt JacksonDawes Act of 1887Ghost Dance movement Indian Reorganization Act of 1934

Mexican Americans (PEO)Mexican War aftermathSpanish-speaking areasMigration for jobs

Conservation Movement (GEO)DeforestationYellowstone, Yosemite

Department of InteriorConservationists and preservationists Forest Reserve Act of 1891Forest Management Act of 1897John Muir, Sierra Club

Southern Development (WXT)“New South”Henry GradyBirmingham (steel)Memphis (lumber)Richmond (tobacco)Integrated rail networkAgriculture’s dominanceSharecropping; tenant farmersGeorge Washington CarverTuskegee Institute

Racial Discrimination (MIG, POL)White supremacistsCivil Rights Cases of 1883Plessy v. FergusonJim Crow lawsLiteracy tests, poll taxes, grandfather clausesWhite primaries, white juriesLynch mobsEconomic discriminationAfrican American migrationIda B. WellsBooker T. Washington Economic cooperation

Farm Protests Movements (POL)Markets and farmersCrop price deflationRailroads and middlemenNational Grange MovementCooperatives Granger lawsMunn v. Illinois Wabash v. Illinois Interstate Commerce Commission Ocala Platform of 1890

Frontier Closing (CUL)Census of 1890Fredrick Jackson Turner, “The Significance of the Frontier in American History” Role of cities, “Nature’s metropolis”

Immigration (MIG, POL)Causes of immigrationOld immigrants New immigrants

con.t Period 6 : 1865-1898Statue of LibertyChinese Exclusion Act of 1882Immigration Act of 1885American Protective AssociationElls Island 1892Melting pot vs. cultural diversity

City Growth (MIG, POL)Causes of migration Streetcar citiesSteel-framed buildingsTenements, povertyEthnic neighborhoodsResidential suburbs Politic machines, “boss”Tammany HallUrban reformers“City Beautiful” movement

Reformers (CUL)Henry George Edward BellamyJane AddamsSettlement housesSocial Gospel Walter RauschenbuschCardinal GibbonsDwight MoodySalvation ArmyFamily size, divorceSusan B. Anthony, NAWSAFrancis Willard, WCTUAntisaloon League Carrie Nation

Education (CUL)Kindergarten Public high schoolCollege elective system John Hopkins University

Professions (CUL)New social sciences Richard T. ElyOliver Wendell Holmes Clarence Darrow W. E. B. Du Bois

Arts and Writing (CUL)Realism, naturalism Mark TwainStephen Crane Jack London

Theodore DreiserWinslow HomerThomas EakinsImpressionism James Whistler Mary Cassatt Ashcan school Armory ShowAbstract act

Architecture (CUL)Henry Hobson RichardsonRomanesque style Louis Sullivan“Form follows function”Frank Lloyd WrightOrganic architecture Frederick Law Olmsted Landscape architecture

Popular Culture (CUL) Growth of leisure time John Philip SousaJazz, blues, ragtimeJelly Roll MortonScott JoplinMass circulation newspapersJoseph Pulitzer William Randolph Hearst Ladies’ Home JournalCircus trainsBarnum & Bailey “Greatest Show on Earth”“Buffalo Bill” Wild West ShowSpectator sports, boxing, baseball, Amateur sports, bicycling, tennisSocial class and discriminationCountry clubs, golf, polo, yachtsCorner saloon, pool halls

Political Stalemate (POL)Lassiez-faire economics and politicsDivided electorate Identity politics “Rum, Romanism, and Rebellion”Close electionsDivided government Weak presidents Patronage politicsCorrupt politicians

Republican Party (POL)Union veterans, “bloody shirt”Whig past, pro-businessHamiltonian tradition

Social reformers, temperance

con.t Period 6 : 1865-1898Anglo-Saxon heritage Protestant religionAfrican Americans

Democratic Party (POL)Former Confederacy, “Solid South”States’ rights, limited government Jeffersonian traditionBig-city political machinesImmigrant vote Against prohibition Catholics, Lutherans, Jews

Patronage Issue (POL)Federal government jobsStalwarts, Halfbreeds, and Mugwumps Election of 1880Assassination of James Garfield Chester ArthurPendleton Act of 1884Grover Cleveland

Tariff Issue (POL, WXT)High tariffBusiness vs. consumers Cleveland threatens lower tariffMcKinley Tariff of 1890Wilson-Gorman Tariff of 1894Dingley Tariff of 1897- 46.5 percent

Money Supply (WXT, POL)“Hard” money vs. “soft” money Banks, creditors vs. debtors Panic of 1873, “Crime of 73”Specie Resumption Act of 1875Greenback party James B. Weaver Bland-Allison Act of 1878Sherman Silver Purchase Act of 1890Run on gold reserves, J. P. Morgan bail out Repeal of Sherman Silver Purchase Act

Rise of Discontent (POL)Election of 1888, Harrison“Billion Dollar Congress”Rise of the Populist PartyFarmers’ Alliance in South and West Alliance of whites and blacks in South Thomas WatsonReformers vs. racism in South Omaha Platform Government regulation and ownership

Election of 1892, Cleveland returnsPanic of 1893Coxey’s Army, March on WashingtonCoin’s Financial School

Election of 1896 (POL)William Jennings’ Bryan“Cross of Gold” SpeechFusion of Democrats and Populists Unlimited coinage of silver at 16 to 1 “Gold Bug” Democrats Mark Hanna, money and mass mediaMcKinley victory Gold standard and higher tariffRise of modern urban-industrial society Decline of traditional rural-agricultural Start of the modern presidency Era of Republican dominance

Period 7 : 1890-1945Overseas Involvement (WOR)William SewardMonroe DoctrineFrench in MexicoAlaska purchase (1867)Pan-American Conference (1889)James BlaineVenezuela boundary disputeCleveland and OlneyHawaiiPearl HarborQueen LiliuokalaniCleveland blocks annexation

Causes of U.S. Imperialism (WOR, NAT)International DarwinismBusiness and imperialist competitorsSpreading religion and scienceJosiah StrongExpansionist politicians Steel and steam navyAlfred Thayer MahanNationalist media

Spanish-American War, (WOR, POL)Cuban revolt Valeriano Weyler “Jingoism”“Yellow journalism”De Lome LetterSinking of the MaineTeller Amendment “A splendid little war”Invade the Philippines

con.t Period 7: 1890-1945George Dewey Rough Riders Theodore Roosevelt Treaty of Paris: Puerto RicoGuam and Philippines Annexation dispute Emilio AguinaldoAnti-Imperialist LeagueInsular casesPlatt Amendment (1901)

China Policy (WOR)Spheres of influence John HayOpen Door policy Boxer rebellionU.S. joined international forceSecond Hay Note

TR Policies (WOR)“Big-stick policy”TR supports Panama revoltHay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty (1903)Building the Panama CanalGeorge Goethals William Gorgas Roosevelt Corollary Santo DomingoRusso-Japanese WarTreaty of Portsmouth (1905)Noble Peace Prize (1906)Segregation in San Francisco schoolsGentlemen’s agreement Great White FleetAlgeciras Conference (1906)Hague Conference (1907)Root-Takahira Agreement (1908)

Dollar Diplomacy (WOR, WXT)William Howard Taft Role of American moneyRailroads in ChinaManchurian problemIntervention in Nicaragua Henry Cabot LodgeLodge Corollary

Moral Diplomacy (WOR)Woodrow WilsonAnti-imperialism William Jennings BryanJones Act (1916)Puerto Rico citizenship

Conciliation treatiesMilitary interventionMexican civil war General HuertaTampico incident ABC powers Pancho VillaExpeditionary force John J. Pershing

Progressive Movement (CUL)Urban middle classMale and female White, old stock Protestants Professional associationsPragmatismWilliam James John Dewey Frederick W. TaylorScientific management

Muckrakers (CUL)Henry Demarest Lloyd Standard Oil Company Lincoln Steffans Ida TarbellJacob RiisTheodore Dreiser

Voting Rights (POL)Australian ballotDirect primary Robert La FollettSeventeenth AmendmentDirect election of senatorsInitiative, referendum, and recall

City and State Government (POL) Municipal reform Samuel M. JonesTom L. JohnsonCommission planCity manager planCharles Evans Hughes Hiram Johnson “Wisconsin Idea”Regulatory commissions

Social and Labor Reform (POL)State Prohibition lawsState regulation of education and safety National Child Labor CommitteeCompulsory school attendanceFlorence Kelley

con.t Period 7: 1890-1945National Consumers’ League Lochner v. New York Muller v. OregonTriangle Shirtwaist fire

Theodore Roosevelt Presidency (POL, GEO) Square Deal Anthracite coal miners’ strike (1902)Trust-bustingBad vs. good trusts Elkins Act (1903)Hepburn Act (1906) Upton SinclairThe Jungle; Pure Food and Drug Act (1906)Meat Inspection Act (1906)Conservation of public landsNewlands Reclamation Act (1902)White House Conference Gifford Pinchot

Election of 1912 (POL)Socialist Party of America Eugene V. Debs Bull Moose party New Nationalism New Freedom

William Howard Taft Presidency (POL)Mann-Elkins Act (1910)Sixteenth Amendment, federal income taxPayne-Aldrich Tariff (1909)Firing of Pinchot

Woodrow Wilson Presidency (POL)Underwood Tariff (1913)Federal Reserve Act (1914)Federal Reserve Board Clayton Antitrust Act (1914)Federal Trade CommissionFederal Farm Loan Act (1916)

African Americans (NAT, PEO)Racial segregation laws Increased lynching Booker T. Washington W. E. B. Du Bois National Association of the Advancement of Colored PeopleNational Urban League

Women’s Movement (NAT, POL)Carrie Chapman CattNational American Woman Suffrage AssociationAlice PaulNational Woman’s party

Nineteenth Amendment League of Women Voters Margaret Sanger

Causes of WWI (WOR)Allied powersCentral powersNeutrality Submarine warfare LusitaniaSussex pledge Propaganda Ethnic support

Debate over War (WOR)Preparedness Election of 1916Robert LaFollette Jeannette RankinEdward HouseZimmermann telegramRussian RevolutionDeclaration of war

Mobilization (POL)War industry boards Food AdministrationRailroad AdministrationNational War Labor BoardTaxes and bondsSelective Service Act Service of African Americans

Civil Liberties (POL)Committee on Public Information George CreelAnti-German hysteria Espionage Act (1917)Sedition Act (1918)Eugene DebsSchenck v. United States

Social Impact of the War (MIG, WXT)Wartime jobs for womenAttitudes toward suffrageMigration of black and Hispanics

Fighting in Europe (WOR)Bolsheviks withdraw American Expeditionary ForceJohn J. Pershing Western front November 11, 1918

con.t Period 7: 1890-1945Peace Treaty (WOR)“Peace without victory”Fourteen PointsWilson in ParisBig FourTreaty of Versailles Self-determinationLeague of NationsArticle X

Debate over Treaty (POL)Election of 1918Henry Cabot Lodge IrreconcilablesReservationistsWilson’s stroke Rejection of treaty

Aftermath of War (WXT, POL, MIG) Recession, loss of jobs Falling farm pricesRed Scare Anti-radical hysteria Palmer raids Xenophobia Strikes of 1919Boston police strike Race riots

1920s Politics (POL)Warren Harding Charles Evans HughesAndrew MellonHarry DaughetryAlbert FallTeapot DomeFordney-McCumber Tariff ActBureau of the BudgetCalvin CoolidgeHerbert HooverAlfred E. Smith

1920s Economy (WXT)Business prosperity Standard of livingScientific management Henry FordAssembly line Open shopWelfare capitalismConsumerismElectric appliancesImpact of the automobile

A Modern Culture (CUL)Jazz age Radio, phonographsNational networksHollywood Movie stars Movie palacesPopular heroes Role of womenSigmund Freud Morals and fashionsMargaret SangerHigh school educationConsumer cultureFrederick Lewis Allen Only Yesterday

Literature and the Arts (CUL)Gertrude SteinLost GenerationF. Scott Fitzgerald Ernest HemingwaySinclair Lewis Ezra Pound T. S. EliotEugene O’NeillIndustrial designArt DecoEdward HopperRegional artistsGrant WoodGeorge Gershwin

African American Identity (CUL, ID)Northern migrationHarlem RenaissanceCountee CullenLangston HughesJames Weldon JohnsonClaude McKayDuke EllingtonLouis ArmstrongBessie SmithPaul Robeson Back to Africa movementMarcus Garvey Black pride

Conflict over Religion (CUL)Modernism Fundamentalism Revivalists: Billy Sunday, Aimee Semple McPhersonScopes trial Clarence Darrow

con.t Period 7: 1890-1945Conflict over Prohibition (CUL, POL)Volstead Act (1919)Rural vs. urban Organized crimeAl Capone21st Amendment

Conflict over Immigration (CUL, POL, NAT)Quota laws of 1921 and 1924Sacco and Vanzetti CaseKu Klux KlanBirth of a Nation Black, Catholics and JewsForeigners and Communists

Foreign Policy (WOR)DisarmamentWashington Conference (1921)Five-Power Naval treaty Nine-Power China TreatyKellogg-Briand Treaty (1928)Latin America policyWar debts ReparationsDawes Plan (1924)

Causes of the Depression (WXT)Stock market crashBlack TuesdayDow Jones index Buying on marginUneven income distribution Excessive debtOverproduction Federal Reserve Postwar Europe Debts and high tariffs

Effect of the Depression (WXT)Gross National Product Unemployment Bank failures Poverty and homeless

Hoover Administration (POL)Herbert HooverSelf-relianceHawley-Smoot Tariff (1930)Debt moratoriumFarm BoardReconstruction Finance CorporationBonus march (1932)Twentieth Amendment (“lame-duck”)

Roosevelt Administration (POL)Franklin D. Roosevelt Eleanor Roosevelt New DealRelief, recovery, reformBrain TrustFrances PerkinsHundred DaysBank HolidayRepeal of ProhibitionFireside chats Federal Deposit Insurance CorporationPublic Works AdministrationHarold IckesCivilian Conservation CorpsTennessee Valley Authority National Recovery Administration Schecter v. U.S.Securities and Exchange CommissionFederal Housing Administration

Second New Deal (POL)Works Progress Administration Harry Hopkins National Labor Relations (Wagner) Act (1935)Social Security Act (1935)Election of 1936New Deal coalition John Maynard KeynesRecession of 1937

New Deal Opponents (POL)Father Charles Coughlin Francis Townsend Huey LongSupreme Court Reorganization plan Conservative coalition

Rise of Unions (WXT)Congress of Industrial Organizations John L. LewisSit-down strikeFair Labor Standards Act Minimum wage

Impact on Americans (MIG)Depression mentalityDrought; dust bowl; OkiesJohn Steinback, The Grapes of WrathMarian AndersonMary McLeod BethuneFair Employment Practices CommitteeA.Philip Randolph

con.t Period 7: 1890-1945Indian Reorganization (Wheeler-Howard) Act (1934)Mexican deportation

Hoover-FDR Policies (WOR)Good Neighbor policyPan-American conferences Soviet Union recognizedIndependence for PhilippinesReciprocal trade agreements

Militarist/Fascist Aggression (WOR)Japan takes Manchuria Stimson Doctrine FascismItalian Fascist partyBenito Mussolini EthiopiaGerman Nazi party Adolf HitlerAxis PowersSpanish Civil WarFrancisco FrancoRhineland SudetenlandMunichAppeasement Poland; blitzkrieg

Isolationist Response (WOR)Isolationism Nye CommitteeNeutrality ActsAmerican First CommitteeCharles Lindbergh

FDR’s Response (WOR)Quarantine speechCash and carry Selective Training and Service Act (1940)Destroyers-for-bases dealFDR, third termWendell WillkieFour Freedoms speechLend-Lease Act (1941)Atlantic CharterEscort convoysOil and steel embargoPearl Harbor

Mobilization (WXT, POL) War Production Board Office of Price AdministrationGovernment spending, debt

Role of large corporationsResearch and developmentManhattan Project Office of War Information“The Good War”

Home Front (MIG, POL)Wartime migrationCivil rights, “Double V”Executive order on jobs Smith v. Allwright Braceros programJapanese internmentKorematsu v. U.S.“Rosie the Riveter”Wartime solidarity Election of 1944Harry S. Truman

Wartime Strategies (WOR)Battle of the AtlanticStrategic bombingDwight EisenhowerD-dayHolocaust Island-hoppingBattle of the Midway Douglas MacArthur Kamikaze attacks J. Robert OppenheimerAtomic bombHiroshima; Nagasaki

Wartime Diplomacy (WOR)Big Three Casablanca ConferenceUnconditional surrenderTehran, Yalta, PotsdamUnited Nations

Period 8 : 1945-1980Postwar Society (WXT, CUL)Servicemen’s Readjustment Act (GI Bill) (1994)Early marriagesBaby boomSuburban growthLevittownSunbeltHarry TrumanEmployment Act of 1946Council of Economic AdvisersInflation and labor unionsCommittee on Civil RightsRacial integration of military

con.t Period 8: 1945-198022nd Amendment Taft-Harley Act (1947)

Election of 1948 (POL)Progressive party Henry Wallace States-Rights party (Dixiecrats)J. Strom ThurmondThomas DeweyFair Deal

Origins of the Cold War (WOR)Cold WarSoviet War Joseph StalinUnited NationsSecurity CouncilWorld BankCommunist satellitesOccupation zonesIron CurtainWinston ChurchillHistorians: traditionalists vs. revisionists

Containment in Europe (WOR) George KennanDean AchesonContainment policyTruman DoctrineMarshall PlanBerlin airlift East Germany West GermanyNorth Atlantic Treaty Organization National Security Act (1947)Nuclear arms raceNSC-68

Cold War in Asia (WOR)U.S.-Japanese Security TreatyDouglas MacArthurChinese civil warChiang Kai-shekTaiwanMao ZedongPeople’s Republic of ChinaKorean WarKim II SungSyngman RheeU.N. police action38th parallel “Soft on communism”

Second Red Scare (POL, CUL)Loyalty Review Board Smith Act (1940)Dennis et al. v. United StatesMcCarran Internal Security Act (1950)House Un-American Activities CommitteeHollywood blacklists Freedom of expression in arts Alger HissWhittaker ChambersRosenberg caseJoseph McCarthyMcCarthyism

Domestic Policies (POL)Elections of 1952, 1956Dwight EisenhowerAdlai StevensonRichard NixonModern RepublicanismDept. of Health, Education and Welfare (HEW)Soil-bank programHighway Act (1956); interstate highway system

“New Look” Foreign Policy (WOR)John Foster Dulles“Brinkmanship”Massive retaliationDecolonizationIndia, Pakistan, IndonesiaThird WorldCIA, covert actionIranian overthrow

US Policy in Asia (WOR)Korean armisticeIndochinaHo Chi MinhGeneva Conference (1954)Division of Vietnam Domino theorySoutheast Asia Treaty Organization (1954)

US Policy in Middle East (WOR)State of Israel (1948)Arab nationalismSuez Canal crisis (1956)Eisenhower DoctrineOrganization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)

US-Soviet Relations (WOR)Atoms for peace “Spirit of Geneva”Open-skies

con.t Period 8: 1945-1980Nikita KhrushchevPeaceful coexistenceHungarian revoltWarsaw PactSputnik (1957)NDEA, NASAU-2 incident Cuba, Fidel CastroMilitary-industrial complex

Civil Rights in 1950s (POL, NAT)Jackie RobinsonCauses of movement NAACPDesegregationThurgood MarshallBrown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954)Earl Warren Southern Manifesto Little Rock crisisRosa ParksMontgomery bus boycottMartin Luther King Jr. Civil Rights acts of 1957, 1960Civil Rights CommissionSouthern Christian Leadership Conference Nonviolent protest Sit-in movementStudent Nonviolent Coordinating CommitteeImmigration issues Operation Wetback

1950’s Culture (CUL)Homogeneity Popular culturePaperbacks TelevisionRock and rollConsumer cultureFast foodCredit cardsConglomerates Social criticsThe Lonely Crowd The Affluent SocietyThe Catcher in the RyeCatch-22 Beatniks

Kennedy: Domestic Issues (POL)Election of 1960John F. Kennedy New Frontier

Robert Kennedy Jacqueline KennedyRace to the moonAssassination in DallasWarren Commission

Kennedy: Foreign Policy (WOR)Peace CorpsAlliance for ProgressTrade Expansion Act (1962)Bay of PigsBerlin WallCuban missile crisis (1962)Flexible response Nuclear Test Ban Treaty

Johnson: Domestic Programs (POL, WXY)Lyndon JohnsonGreat SocietyWar on PovertyMichael Harrington, The Other AmericaElection of 1964Barry GoldwaterMedicare; Medicaid Elementary and Secondary Education Act (1965)Immigrant Act (1965)National Foundation on the Arts and HumanitiesDOT and HUDRalph Nader, Unsafe at Any SpeedRachel Carson, Silent SpringLady Bird JohnsonCivil Rights Act of 1964Equal Employment Opportunity Commission24th Amendment Voting Rights Act of 1965

Civil Rights and Black Power (NAT, POL)James MeredithGeorge WallaceMartin Luther King Jr.March on Washington (1963)“I Have a Dream” speechMarch to MontgomeryBlack MuslimsMalcom XStudent Nonviolent Coordinating CommitteeCongress of Racial EqualityStokely Carmichael Black Panthers Watts riots, race riotsDe facto segregationKerner CommissionKing assassination (1968)

con.t Period 8: 1945-1980Rights of Americans (POL)Warren Court Mapp v. Ohio Gideon v. Wainwright Escobedo v. Illinois Miranda v. America Reapportionment Baker v. Carr“One man, one vote”Yates v. United Sates Separation of church and stateEngel v. VitaleGriswold v. Connecticut Privacy and contraceptives

Social Conflict (NAT, CUL)Students for a Democratic SocietyNew LeftWeathermen CountercultureWoodstockAlfred KinseySexual revolutionWomen’s movementBetty Friedman, The Feminine Mystique National Organization for WomenEqual Pay Act (1963)Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)

Vietnam War to 1969 (WOR)Military “advisers”Fall of DiemTonkin Gulf Resolution Escalation of troopsGeneral Westmoreland Credibility gapTet OffensiveHawks and doves

1968 Election (POL)LBJ withdrawsEugene McCarthyRobert Kennedy RFK assassinationHubert HumphreyChicago conventionWhite backlashGeorge Wallace Richard Nixon

Nixon Foreign Policy (WOR)Henry KissingerVietnamization

Nixon DoctrineKent StateMy LaiPentagon PapersParis Accords of 1973DétenteChina visitAntiballistic missilesStrategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT)Middle East War (1973)OPEC; oil embargo

Nixon Domestic Policy (POL)New FederalismStagflationSouthern strategyWage and price controlsOff the gold standard Cost of living indexed Title IXBurger CourtRoe v. Wade (1973)Election of 1972George McGovernWatergate cover-up“Plumbers”“Enemies list”United States v. NixonWar Powers Act (1973)Impeachment and resignation“Imperial presidency”

Ford Presidency (POL, WOR)Gerald FordPardon of NixonReform of CIAFall of SaigonCambodia genocideBattle over inflationBicentennialElection of 1976

Carter Presidency (WOR, POL)James Earl (Jimmy) CarterHuman rightsPanama Canal Treaty (1978)Iranian hostage crisisRecognition of ChinaSoviet Afghanistan invasionPaul Volcker, high interest rates “Malaise” speech

American Identities (NAT, PEO)Cultural pluralism

con.t Period 8: 1945-1980Impact of 1965 immigration lawImmigration Reform and Control Act (1986)Hispanic AmericansCesar ChavezAmerican Indian Movement Indian Self-Determination Act (1975)Gaming casinosAsian AmericansGay liberation movement

Environmental Movement (GEO)Earth Day (1970)Exxon Valdez accident Three Mile IslandChernobyl meltdownClean Air Act (1970)Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)Clean Water Act (1972)Environmental Superfund (1980)Endangered Species Act (1973)

Period 9: 1980-PresentConservative Movement, (POL, CUL)Milton FreidmanPolitical action committees (PACs)Proposition 13 Arthur LafferReligious fundamentalismTelevangelists Moral MajorityAbortion rights; Roe v. WadeReverse discriminationRegents of University of California v. Bakke

Reagan Revolution (POL, WXT)Election of 1980Ronald ReaganSupply-side economics (Reaganomics)“Trickle down” economicsEconomic Recovery Tax Act (1981)Business deregulationPACTO strikeSandra Day O’ConnorWilliam RehnquistGrowth of upper incomesBudget and trade deficits Election of 1984

Reagan Foreign Policy (WOR)Expand military Strategic Defense Initiative (Star Wars)Nicaragua; Sandinistas

Boland Amendment Iran-contra affairBeirut bombingsPalestine Liberation Organization (PLO)Yasser Arafat“Evil empire”Mikhail Gorbachev; glasnost perestroika“Tear down this wall”INF agreement

End of Cold War(WOR)Tiananmen Square (1989)Soviet satellitesPoland, Lech WalesaBerlin Wall falls (1989)Soviet Union breakupRussia Republic, CISBoris YeltsinSTART I and IIYugoslavia civil war

George H. W. Bush Policies (POL, WOR)Election of 1988George H. W. Bush Panama invasion (1989)Saddam HusseinPersian Gulf War (1991)Operation Desert StormClarence Thomas“No new taxes”Americans With Disabilities Act (1990)

Clinton Era Politics (POL, WXT)Election of 1992William (Bill) ClintonH. Ross PerotFailure of health reform “Don’t ask, don’t tell”NAFTABrady BillNational Rifle Association (NRA)Deficit reduction budget Anti-Crime BillElection of 1994Newt GingrichContract with America Government shutdownsOklahoma City bombingWelfare reform Balanced budgetsElection of 1996Clinton impeachment

con.t Period 9: 1980-PresentPost-Cold War Policies, (WOR)Madeleine K. AlbrightHumanitarian missionsNorthern Ireland accordsYugoslavia breakupBalkan Wars: Bosnia, Kosovo“Ethnic cleansing”Nuclear proliferationWest Bank, Gaza Strip

Globalization (WOR)European Union (EU); euroWorld Trade OrganizationWorld Bank, G-8China, India, BrazilEffects on jobs

2000 American Society (WXT, NAT)Prosperity of 1990sTechnology boomInternet, e-commerceRise of South and WestImmigration Act of 1986Growth of Hispanics“Graying” AmericaSingle-parent familiesDistribution of incomeConcentration of wealthDebate over freedom

Politics in the 2000s (POL)Political polarizationSouthern white conservativesGerrymandered “safe seats”Election of 2000George W. BushAl GoreBush v. GoreBush tax cutsNo Child Left Behind ActEnron, corporate corruptionCampaign finance reformHousing bubble Election of 2004John KerryPrivatization of Social Security Hurricane KatrinaCorruption in CongressJohn Roberts Samuel AlitoBorder security

War on Terrorism (WOR)Colin Powell Islamic roots of anti-AmericanismAl-QaedaOsama bin LadenAsymmetric welfareBombing of U.S. embassiesU.S.S. ColeWorld Trade CenterSeptember 11, 2001Afghanistan, TalibanHamid KarzaiHomeland Security Department “Connect the dots”Director of National IntelligenceKyoto AccordBush Doctrine Unilateralist approach“Axis of evil”WMDsSaddam HusseinUN inspectionsOperation Iraq Freedom “Regime change”“War of choice”Sunni vs. ShiiteAbu Ghraib prison2007 troop surge

Great Recession (WXT)SecuritizationLiquidity crisisFannie May, Freddie MacLehman BrothersTroubled Assets Relief Program (TARP)Poor regulation of financial institutions

Obama Presidency (POL)Election of 2008Hillary ClintonBarack ObamaJohn McCainSarah PalinEffects of Great Recession 2009 stimulus billDodd-Frank Act Aid to auto industryAffordable Care ActBudget deficits Bowles-Simpson planTea PartyDebt ceiling Super-committeeU.S. credit rating

con.t Period 9: 1980-Presentelection of 2012Mitt Romney Latino votersSequester cuts2013 shutdown of government Gun violence Boston Marathon bombing

Obama Foreign Policy (WOR)Ban on tortureWithdrawal from IraqAfghanistan surgeDeath of bin LadenDrawdown in Afghanistan Arab SpringFall of dictatorships Civil war in Syria“Pivot” to AsiaEuro crisis

Roberts Court (POL, CUL)Sonia SotomayorElena KaganShelby County v. Holder (2013)Repeal of “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell”Same-sex marriage 2nd Amendment and Heller caseCampaign financing Citizens United (2010)NFIB v. Sibelius (2012)