Study Guide for Earth Structure:
1. What was Wegners theory of continental drift (including
Pangaea)?
The continents are moving slowly all the time and were once
together in a single landmass called Pangaea.
2. What types of evidence with examples did he use and why did
scientist not support him?
1-Land forms (mountain ranges of South America and Africa),
2-Fossils (Plant and Animals), 3-Climate Change (Antarctica and
Spitsbergen) and they did not support him because he couldnt tell
the force.
3. Define convection currents and how they relate to the earths
crust, where they are located to affect the Earths plates and
movement of plates
Convection Currents- the flow that transfers heat within a
fluid, They are what the earths crust floats on top of and they are
located in the Asthenosphere. Their movement moves the plates and
cause volcanic eruptions.
4. Draw and describe:
a) Transform Boundary
b) Divergent boundary
c) Convergent boundary
d) Subduction
e) Mid-Ocean Ridge
5. Define sonar and how it helped prove plate tectonics?
Sonar- process that sends sounds off the ocean floor and bounces
back a depth reading to monitor how the ocean floor looks. It
helped prove plate tectonics by giving us information on sea-floor
spreading.
6. Define: Plate Tectonics
Is a theory that the lithosphere (crust and upper mantle) are
broken into sections called plates that float on top of the
asthenosphere (mantle/magma) and because of this are constantly
moving. As they move they form 3 types of boundaries: Convergent,
Divergent and Transform.
7. What major geological process occurs at Convergent, Divergent
and Transform boundaries?
Convergent Boundary: Volcanoes, Mountains and Earthquakes;
Divergent Boundary: Slow on land is rift valley and slow in water
is Mid-ocean Ridge, Fast is earthquakes, volcanoes and volcanic
mountains; Transform Boundary: earthquakes
8. Draw the Layers of the Earth and label all the layers.
9. What is the difference between the Lithosphere and the
Asthenosphere?
Lithosphere is made up of the crust and upper mantle and is
solid while the Asthenosphere is mostly made up of molten rock and
metal.
Label the picture below using the word bank.
