Table S1: Database of flood events reported in The Straits Times archives using the search term “flood+Singapore.” Rows containing flash flood events are italicised.

Date Location (if specifically reported in article)

Climate observations Impacts

Rainfall reported in media article (total)

3-hourly precipitation

recorded at Changi Station (mm; time)

Monsoon type(NE =

NortheastSW =

SouthwestITM =

Intermonsoon)

General reported impacts Maximum reported

flood depth

Reported human casualties/ injuries

December 1892

  235.71mm (24hrs)   NE      

23-27 September 1904

Chinatown, Race Course, Orchard, Tanglin, Bukit Timah,

Tanglin 4th day - 182.63mm (24h)Kandang Kerbau Hospital – 187.198mm (24h)

NA ITM Damaged houses and property    

31 October 1921

Low-lying area   NA ITM      

1 January 1923

    NA NE      

31 August 1929

Tanglin, Orchard, Somerset 2.452mm (24hrs) NA SW Stranded cars    

1 May 1932     NA ITM      

9 July 1932 Geylang, River Valley   NA SW   1.5 m  

30 November 1932

Jalan Besar   NA NE     A child drowned when swept into the drain

6-7 July 1933 Orchard, Bukit Timah , Selegie 6th morning – 12.7mm 6th afternoon – 9.652mm (1h) at Mount Faber 6th afternoon – > 38.1mm (1h) Central Singapore

NA SW   0.3 m  

5 January 1934

Tanglin, Newton Circus, Bukit Timah, Thomson

157.48mm (1 day) NA NE Hockey and rugby matches between Singapore and Malaya were cancelledTelephones were cut off

0.9 m People were stranded at homes

8 March 1935 Tanjong Rhu, Market Street, central Singapore

  NA ITM   Ankle-deep  

22 March 1936

Tanglin, Bukit Timah Botanic gardens – 80.264mm (40min)Seletar - 1.31 pointsKallang - 79 pointsBukit Timah Golf Course - 60.96mm (40min)

NA ITM Flooding of roads and houses Dislocation of telephone system Traffic jams reportedFallen trees

   

18 December 1937

"Suburbs" 3hr storm NA NE Vehicles were stranded 0.3 m  

6 September 1939

Selegie Road, Grove Estate, low lying districts

114.3mm (2h squall) NA SW Traffic jams reportedUprooted trees

0.7 m  

14-15 December 1939

Orchard, Grove Estate, Katong, Geylang Serai

Killing – 191.008mmBukit Timah – 195.58mm

NA NE Houses were flooded and people had to be evacuated

Flood waters trapped people in their houses

16 December 1939

    NA NE      

2 September 1946

Orchard   NA ITM      

30 January 1948

Bukit Timah, Thomson Road Tengah Airfield – 139.446mmKallang Meteorological station – 97.282mm38.1mm (1h from 5 to 6pm)

NA NE Traffic jams reportedStalled vehicles

  Stranded workers at offices

20 March 1948

Napier Road   NA ITM Semi-submerged carsMile long traffic jam (“biggest traffic jam of the year”)Stalled vehicles

   

21 March 1948

Bukit Timah, Orchard   NA ITM Orchard Road shops and houses were floodedFallen trees

0.3 m  

11 November 1949

Orchard (potentially other areas)

  NA NE   Knee-deep  

13-14 January 1951

Kim Keat Road, Potong Pasir, Orchard, Bukit Timah, Stevens, Balmoral, Dunearn, Balestier, Thomson, Havelock, Alexander Rd

Kallang – 111 mm (30hrs continuous rainfall)

NA NE Flooded houses – property damaged/destroyedStalled vehiclesLandslide at River Valley RoadAffected telephone lines

1.2 m People were swept into the monsoon drain and drowned300 marooned families

19-20 January 1951

Bukit Timah, Orchard, Alexandra, Tiong Bahru, Holland Rd, Keppel Harbour Rd

68.834mm (21hrs of continuous rain)

NA NE Landslide at River Valley Road    

27 February 1954

Rochor, Thomson, Balestier, Orchard, Farrer

76mm NA NE   1.2 m  

2 June 1954 Tanglin, Bukit Timah, Mountbatten, within city

116.332mm (5h storm) NA SW Stranded cars  

17 June 1954 Orchard, Kallang Airport, part of Bukit Timah Road

88.138mm (5h storm) NA SW Planes diverted to Changi from Kallang

0.5 m  

30 September 1954

River Valley 45.212mm NA ITM Stalled vehicles  

23 October 1954

Orchard Kallang – 101.6mm (2.5h) NA ITM Flights at Kallang Airport was halted Stalled vehicles

0.3 m  

October to December 1954

Tengah and Paya Lebar Lasted for 4 days. NA   Delayed flights   10 000 people affected, 5000 people homeless

9 December 1954

Bedok (worst hit), Bukit Timah, Grove Estate, Orchard Road, Telok Ayer, Cecil Road, Anson Road

Almost 2 days of continuous rainfall

NA NE “Thousands of dollars” in property damage (houses and agriculture)

1.8 m 2,500 people were displaced from Bedok settlement

11/12 January 1955

Tanjong Rhu, Marine Parade   NA NE   Knee-deep  

20-22 January 1955

Bedok 72h stretch of continuous rain NA  NE      

28 January 1955

Orchard Kallang – 71.12 (5.25h) NA NE Traffic jams reported 0.6 m  

25 July 1955   109.728 (total storm)50.8mm (1h from 4 to 5am)

NA SW Minor traffic accidentsDiversion of traffic

 

18 July 1956 Orchard, Bukit Timah, Thomson, Tanjong Pagar, Chinatown, University of Malaya

23.114mm (5.5h) NA SW An uprooted treeTraffic jams reported

0.2 m  

12 June 1958 Bukit Timah, Orchard, Dunearn   NA SW Flooded kitchens and gardens in certain areas at Stevens and Cuscaden RoadsTraffic jams and stalled vehicles reported

0.9 m  

29 August 1958

Orchard Paya Lebar – 82.55mm NA SW Traffic jams reported  

24 March 1959

Bukit Timah   NA ITM   0.3 m  

14 July 1959     NA SW      

26 June 1959     NA SW    

24 October 1959

Bukit Timah, Woodlands, Alexandra, Orchard, Kampong Bahru, Chinatown

0.508mm (2.5h) NA ITM Affected businesses started late as people were strandedTraffic jams reported and stalled vehicles

0.1 m  

7 December 1959

Bukit Timah   NA NE      

4 June 1960 Bukit Timah   NA SW      

19 November 1961

Braddell, Changi, Bukit Timah, Orchard, Thomson, Geylang

Paya Lebar Airport – 58.42mm NA NE Tree fall from lightning strike    

1 April 1962 Chinatown 10.668mm NA ITM Flooded shopsTraffic Jams reported

   

13 November 1963

Telok Blangah, Nelson Road, Paya Lebar – 42.926mm (3h rainfall)

0.3;0000 NE Power failureTraffic jams reported

   

19 November 1963

Several low-lying areas   NA NE      

23 December 1963

    0.3;0000 NE      

28 January 1964

Low-lying area 2h heavy rain NA NE    

12 June 1964 Bukit Timah, Orchard, Chinatown, Alexandra, Tiong Bahru, Queensway

46.736mm (2.5h)88.138mm (38h)

38.0;0000, 8.0;0000 SW Traffic Jams reported 0.9 m 20 families had to move out of their homes

2 October 1966

Several districts including Bukit Timah

27.94mm NA ITM Stall vehicles reported Knee-high  

31 May 1969       ITM      

11 November 1969

      NE      

10-13 December 1969 (Hari Raya holidays)

Telok Blangah   NA NE Flights, telephone, electricity, drowning, livestock swept away, 3000 evacuated and homeless. Rail between Singapore and Malaysia severedLandslides and fallen trees reported

2.5 m 5 dead

11 December 1969

  467mm (17h) NA NE 3000 people lost their homes. S$4.3 million damage at 1969 value

   

23/4 September 1971

Bukit Timah, Whitley, Geylang Serai, Thomson, Braddell, Clementi, Dunearn, Holland

58.4 (2h storm) Seletar - 1.13mmPierce - 1.72mm

NA ITM-Sumatra Power failurePlane delaysTraffic Jams reported Landslides reported

0.5 m  

22 April 1972

Upper Thomson   NA ITM Traffic Jams reported    

10 January 1973

Potong Pasir, Marsiling, Tanjong Pagar

57.404mm NA NE   0.3 m 250 people flee Kampong (residence) of Marsiling Road

3 May 1973 Balmoral Road, Bukit Timah, Braddell, Dunearn, Robinson, Outram, Changi

Paya Lebar - 3mm 3h storm

NA ITM Traffic Jams reported Workers stranded at work

4 August 1973

Sembawang Road, Braddell Road, 10th Mile, Tampines Road, Norfolk Road, Serangoon Road

71.12mm NA SW Traffic Jams reported 0.9 m  

20 October 1973

    NA ITM      

9 February 1974

Low lying areas in the city, East Coast, Collier Quay, Kampong Bahru, Towner Road, Chinatown

No rain NA ITM Traffic Jams reported “Thousands of dollars” of property was damaged

1.5 m  

19 April 1974

    NA ITM      

29 April 1974

Bukit Timah, Newton Circus, Balmoral Road, Kampong Java, Steven, Braddell, Farrer Park

68.3mm - (4h) NA ITM Traffic Jams reported 0.5 m  

10 March 1976

Thomson, Upper Thomson, Whitley

2hrs thunderstorm128mm rainfall at 4 reservoirsHail stones reported

NA ITM Traffic Jams reportedFallen trees blocked roads and caused property damage

   

1 December 1976

Bras Basah, Orchard, Anson, Robinson, Stevens

Paya Lebar – 3.3mmTengah – 5.5mmSeletar Base – 3.1mm

NA NE Minor traffic jam reported  

28 August 1977

    NA ITM      

4 November 1977

Heaviest in central & city areas Paya Lebar -11mmSeletar – 1.9mmTengah – 1.1mmChangi – 5.8mm

NA NE Stalled vehicles  

10, 11   Paya Lebar - 75mm NA NE      

November 19782, 3 December 1978

Woodlands Braddell, Potong Pasir, Changi, Bukit Timah, Thomson

512mm (2nd- 24 hour) NA NE 1000 people evacuated, disrupted electricity and telephone, $10 million damages ($5.75 million at 1978 value). 2000 pigs died. Landslides reported; 50 roads were sealed off

7 dead

17 April 1979

    NA ITM      

7 November 1979

Balestier, Thomson, Lorong Chuan, Geylang

0.5mm in 2hrs NA NE No impact except water level was 0.2mm in affected areas.

   

19/20 January 1980

Bukit Timah, Tampines, Yio Chu Kang, Eunos, Serangoon, Katong, Meyappan Chettiar Road, Mountbatten Road, Newton, Woodlands

2 days of continuous rain NA NE   1.3 m  

5/6 May 1980 Chua Chu Kang, Lim Chu Kang, Jurong, Pasir Ris, Orchard, Tiong Bahru, Thomson, Braddell, Newton Circus, Alexandra, Kampung Kapor

  NA ITM - Sumatra Traffic Jams and road diversions reportedLandslide reported at construction site

0.6 m  

11 August 1980

    NA SW      

15 November 1980

    NA NE      

20 July 1981     22.0;0000 SW      

30 July 1981 Newton Circus, Dorset Road, Towner Road

  3.0;0600, 3.0;0000 SW   0.6 m  

11 March 1982

Bukit Timah   2.0;1200, 2.0;000 ITM Stalled vehicles reported    

18 March 1982

Bukit Timah Heavy rainfall 62.0;0000, 1.0;0600 ITM   1.5 m  

14 April 1982

Bukit Timah   7.0;0600, 1.0;1200, 8.0;0000

ITM Traffic Jams and stalled vehicles reported Stranded school kids

1 m  

24 April 1982

Orchard and others Heavy rain 0.2;0000, 10.0;1200 ITM Traffic Jams reported  

2 September 1982

Margaret Drive, Henderson Road, Tanglin, Bukit Merah, Alexandra, Scotts, Avenue 8, Ang Mo Kio

Changi – 19mm 3h storm

NA ITM Traffic Jams and fallen tree reported    

1 December 1982

  By 25 December, 20 rainy days.Paya Lebar - 371mm

NA  NE Traffic Jams reported Cave-in at Sembawang RoadDamage to road surface at Beach Road

   

9 May 1983 Jurong, Bukit Timah Seletar - 70.2mmChangi - 31mmTengah - 36.4mm

19.0;0000, 32.0;1200, 0.1;1800

ITM Traffic Jams reported 0.3 m  

14 August 1983

  Heavy rain 9.0;0300 SW Many fallen trees reported    

22 August 1983

Changi Airport Changi – 178.1mm (2h) 182.0;1200 SW Carpark at the airport was flooded  

10 September 1983

  60.9mm (3h) 5.0;0300, 50.0;0900 ITM Traffic Jams reported   13 traffic accidents

10 December 1983

Serangoon   48.0;0000, 1.0;1800 NE Flooded houses 1 m  

24-26 December 1983

  Changi – 164.4mm 8.0;1200, 3.0;180012.0;0000, 7.01200, 35.0;2100, 164.0;0000, 23.0;0600, 7.0;1200, 42.0;0000

NE Stalled vehicles due to damp electrical systems

   

1-2 February 1984

Changi, Tampines, Bukit Timah, Airport Road

Changi - 154.4mm (24h - 1st day)Changi - 17.1mm (24h - 2nd day)Up to 2h of rain

31.0;0000, 1.0;1800, 17.0;0000

ITM Lunar New Year travel was affectedFlooded housesTraffic jams and stalled vehicles reported

Knee-deep Traffic accidents common

February 1984

Chinatown, around Singapore River, Boat Quay, Lorong Telok, Canton Street, South Canal Road

20 days of rainChangi - 400mm to 460mmSouthern Singapore - 270mm to 300mm

NA  ITM Vegetable farmers lost crops as they rotted or were washed awayRough seas resulted in fewer fishes caught Delayed construction projects as many sites were flooded Drop in business throughout Singapore Stalled vehicles reported

   

2/3 March 1984

Lim Chu Kang, Bukit Timah 112.1mm rain over 12 hrsUp to 2h of rain

0.5;1200, 119.0;0300, 5.0;0600

ITM Worst flood in 15 years Delayed exam in NUSPower failure throughout SingaporeFish farms were affectedMassive traffic jams, landslides common in Depot Road area, numerous fallen trees

   

16 April 1984

  Up to 2h of rain 21.0;0000, 15.0;0600

ITM Minor floods    

19 April 1984

  Up to 2h of rain 19.0;0000, 1.00600, 1.0;1500

ITM Minor floods    

25 April 1984

    NA ITM    

7 May 1984   Up to 2h of rain 16.0;0000, 7.0;12000, 1.0;1800

ITM Minor floods    

15 May 1984 Bukit Timah, Tanglin Up to 2h of rain 5.0;0900 ITM   0.6 m  

21 May 1984 Chinatown, Alexandra, Balmoral, Orchard, Redhill, Tanglin, Holland Road, Farrer (14 areas flooded)

Orchard Road – 130mm (100min)Up to 2h of rainBotanic gardens - 130mm (2h)

0.1;0300, 0.3;1200 ITM Traffic jams reported 1 m  

25 May 1984   Up to 2h of rain 25.0;0600, 2.0;1200 ITM      

27 May 1984 Bukit Merah, Bukit Timah, Commonwealth, Tanglin, Serangoon

Up to 2h of rain 14.0;0000, 20.0;0600, 3.0;1200

ITM Houses were flooded; uprooted trees 0.6 m 162 calls to help with cars broken down by floods

1 June 1984 Braddell, Stevens, Ang Mo Kio, Toa Payoh, Thomson

3hr rainfall 44.0;0000 SW 1 tree uprooted 0.75 m  

5 June 1984 Pasir Ris, Tampines, Changi, Upper Serangoon, Ang Mo Kio, Bedok

167mm rain fall over 5 days Up to 2h of continuous rain

2.0;0000, 120.0;0600, 1.0;1200

SW Several thousand dollars of damage – fish farm & houses

1 m  

30 August 1984

 South and East Coast 2h rainfall0.2 to 1.8mm (most of it over sea)

0.5;0000 SW Sunk boats & uprooted trees reported30 areas were hit by power failure

   

19 September 1984

Bukit Timah, Dunearn, Farrer Road, Whitley Roads, Thomson, Braddell

6hr rainfall 16.0;0000, 3.0;0600 ITM Traffic jams reported  

28 September 1984

Lim Chu Kang, Bukit Timah, Dunearn

Choa Chu Kang – 149mmPaya Lebar -13mmChangi - 21mm

21.0;0000, 2.0;1800 ITM-Sumatra   0.5 m  

27 October 1984

Bukit Timah, Kim Seng Storm/lightning33-65mm

31.0;0000, 5.0;1800 ITM Traffic jams reported   2 car accidents

18 December 1984

Braddell, Upper Thomson, Bartley, Upper Paya Lebar, Marine Parade, Woodlands

  7.0;1200, 49.0;1800 NE     Minor road accidents

29 January 1985

  Bad weather conditions 13.0;0600, 24.0;1200, 0.5;1800

NE A tree almost fell on a car  

12 February 1985

Braddell, Upper Bukit Timah   1.0;0000, 0.5;0600, 12.0;1200

ITM Traffic jams reported 0.35 m  

31 March 1985

Bukit Timah   11.0;0000 ITM Traffic jams reported  

13 April 1985

Bukit Timah, Adam Road, Dunearn Road, Changi

  20.0;0000, 3.0;1200 ITM 13 uprooted trees 1 m  

8 May 1985     NA ITM   0.3 m  

21 May 1985 Tanjong Katong, Choa Chu Kang, Balestier, Balmoral, Waterloo, Stevens, Dunearn, Dunman

Jurong Waterworks – 155.6mm rain

5.0;0000, 3.0;0600, 2.0;1200

ITM Slow moving Sumatra

Exams were delayed due to flooded schoolsPower failure and traffic jams reported

 

13 July 1985 Bukit Timah, Jurong, Choa Chu Kang, Commonwealth

  30.0;0600, 2.0;1200 SW - Sumatran squall type storm

  0.6 m 11 traffic accidents

18 July 1985 Bukit Timah, Newton, King’s Road, Adam Road, Newton Circus, Scotts, Dunearn

Seletar - 41mm 26.0;0600, SW-Sumatra squall

Floods hit roads and houses; traffic jams reported

0.8 m Women almost drowned when she was swept into the canal

11 September 1985

Outram, Tiong Bahru, River Valley, Havelock, New Bridge, Stirling, Scotts, Newton, Ayer Rajah, Orchard, Commonwealth, Bukit Timah, Tiong Bahru

2hr rainfall, Orchard -142.3mm, 5.0;0000, 20.0;1800 ITM 2m hole in slip road connection Scotts and OrchardTraffic jams and 3 fallen treesFlooded shops in the basement of Orchard Road

0.45 m 5 accidents with 6 people hurt

9 January 1986

  Changi - 95.6mm NA NE Traffic jams reported    

8 March 1986

Boon Lay, Stagmont, parts of Woodlands, Chao Chu Kang, Jurong, Lim Chu Kang, Bukit Timah, Dunearn

 9.0;0000, 0.5;0600, 39.0;1200, 59.0;1800

ITM Traffic jams and minor road accidents reported

1 m  

3 May 1986 Aljunied 51.0;1200

ITM 10 uprooted trees or ripped branches 0.8 m  

7 September 1986

    NA ITM   Boy died after falling in monsoon drain and drowning

12 September 1986

Changi, Tampines, Bukit Timah, Commonwealth, Scotts, Geylang, Balestier, Tiong Bahru

Kim Chuan Road – 108mm (2h)

99.0;0600

ITM Traffic jams reported 1.5 m  

1 January 1987

Tampines, Playfair 80mm (almost 1 day) NA NE   1 m  

10 January 1987

    50.0;0000, 68.0;0600, 11.0;1200, 3.0;1800

NE     Boy drowned after falling in drain

6-12 January 1987 (intermittent rain)

Pasir Panjang, Towner, Dorset Road, Thomson, Stevens, Balmoral, Dunearn, Newton Circus, Nee Soon, Tampines

7th day of intermittent rainOne day -127mm rain324mm (7days)Pierce Reservoir - 159mm (11th Jan)

NA NE Traffic jams reported and mudslides in Tanjong Pagar

0.7 m  

5 March 1987

Newton Circus, Jalan Besar, Tanjong Pagar

  2.0;1200, 14.0;1800 ITM Traffic jams reported    

13 November 1987

Tanjong Pagar, Dunearn, Bukit Timah, Stevens, Commonwealth, River Valley, Outram, Lower Delta

  4.0;0000 NE Traffic jams reported 0.6 m  

22 & 23 December 1987

CBD, Katong   NA NE   0.15 m (22nd)0.25 m (23nd)

 

19 February 1988

Boat Quay, Havelock, Mountbatten, CBD

  0.5;0000 ITM   0.15 m  

3 March 1988

Bukit Timah, Farrer Road 2h heavy rainfall 8.0;0600, 3.0;1200 ITM Traffic jams reported    

13 May 1988 Bukit Timah, Newton, Choa Chu Kang, Dunearn, Jurong, Tanglin, Scotts, Chin Swee, Commonwealth, Buona Vista, Balmoral, Nelson

Tengah – 231.8mm (5h rainfall)

9.0;0000 ITM-Slow-moving Sumatra

Traffic jams reported; Business was affected – people came late for workPeople were evacuated from homesPostponed exams

0.75 m  

16 May 1988   Sembawang -33.4mm (4h rainfall)

0.3;0000, 17.0;0600 ITM slow-moving Sumatra squall

  0.45 m  

5 July 1988 Bukit Timah, Adam Road, Nee Soon, Geylang, Dunearn,

50-60mm 51.0;0000, 1.0;1200 SW Traffic jams reported; Halt in public transport services in affected areas.

1.2 m  

Tampines11 July 1988 Bukit Timah, Dunearn,

University Road, Stevens, Swiss Club Road, Balmoral Road

Sembawang – 21.6mmChangi - 97.3mm

45.0;0000, 53.0;0600, 5.0;1200

SW Traffic jams reported 0.5 m  

12 October 1988

Orchard   6.0;0000 ITM - Sumatra Damage to shops from flood waters    

18 January 1989

Adam, Bukit Timah, Braddell, Balestier

Paya Lebar – 94.9mm (8h)6h continuous rain

0 NE Traffic jams reported; Stranded people

Knee-high  

2 March 1989

Bukit Timah   6.0;0000, 5.0;1200 ITM Traffic jams and stalled vehicles reported

0.5 m  

13 April 1989

Bukit Timah Seletar – 44mmChangi - 19mm

17.0;0000, 2.0;0600 ITM Traffic jams reportedThousands of stranded people

 

12 November 1989

Whitley Road, Pan-Island Expressway (PIE) beside the Police Academy, junction of Balestier Road an d Ah Hood Road.

  NA  NE Traffic jams reported 0.25 m  

30 November 1989

  Paya Lebar - 142.7mm (7h) NA NE Traffic jams reported    

1 December 1989

Whitley Road   14.0;0000, 19.0;0300, 3.0;0600, 3.0;0900, 0.7;1200, 1.0;1500, 9.0;1800, 0.3;2100

NE Traffic jams and fallen trees reported    

10 October 1990

no flood reported Sembawang – 73mm (2h) NA ITM Falling branches from trees  

30 March 1991

Kampong Bahru Road, Temple Street and Hill View Road

220mm NA  ITM Submerged cars in basement lots    

15 November 1991

Satay Club   NA  NE   Ankle-deep  

21-22 December 1991

Adam Road, Lornie Road Non-stop rain 6.0;0300, 7.0;06000.3;0300, 0.5;0600, 4.0;0900, 16.0;1500, 7.0;1800, 4.0;2100

NE Traffic jams reported Calf level  

23 December 1991

Adam Road   NA  NE   Calf level  

28 December 1991

Toa Payoh, Bishan, Jalan Bahagia, Braddell, other areas

  12.0;0900 NE Flooded roads, fallen tree reported Knee-deep  

17 February 1992

Bedok   NA ITM Mudslide reported    

19 June 1992 Adam road 64mm (2.5h) 0.4;0000, 24.0;0300 SW -Sumatra squall

200 trees reported fallenPeople injured when trees fell on cars

Injuries reported

11 November 1992

Old Airport Road, Meyer Road, Braddell, Adam, Geylang

Continuous rainfall for 21hrsSeletar - 247.8mm (21h)

30.0;0000, 22.0;0300, 59.0;0600, 41.0;0900

NE Submerged cars in underground carpark13 reported traffic accidents and 2 fallen trees

Knee-deep 2 deaths

21 December 1992

Bukit Timah   40.0;0000, 14.0;0900

NE      

5 June 1993 Queen's Road, the slip road from Clementi to the Ayer Rajah Expressway (AYE), Commonwealth Avenue, Nassim Road and Orchard Road, in front of MacDonald House

  NA SW      

26 August 1993

  5hr storm 5.0;0000, 47.0;0300, 7.0;0600

SW Traffic jams and two traffic accidents reported

 

1 December 1993

Alexandra Road’s carpark, Paya Lebar, Yio Chu Kang, Jervois Road

Paya Lebar – 39.5mm 0.3;0000 NE Carpark has been hit by flood before but in the middle section. Usually floods at middle section

1 m  

2 December 1993

Margaret Drive, River Valley, Havelock, Alexandra

  2.0;0900, 8.0;1200 NE Cars were flooded 0.5 m  

4 February 1995

  159.3mm 0.4;0000, 3.0;0300, 6.0;0600, 8.0;0900, 54.0;1200, 27.0;1500, 27.0;1800, 16.0;2100

ITM Attendance was down at Chingay parade

   

2 July 1995 Several parts of the island, including the Central Expressway (CTE).

  NA  SW      

5 July 1995 Jervois Road, Lavender, Tiong Bahru, Nile Road, Margaret Drive, Pagoda Street

47.8mm (6h)4th day of continuous rain

23.0;0000, 11.0;0300

SW Traffic jams reportedFallen trees and soil erosion at River Valley

0.5 m  

27 July 1995 City Area, Jurong, Lim Chu Kang, Tanglin, Queenstown, Margaret Drive

Tengah - 96mm 7.0;0600, 4.0;0900 SW 60 Houses flooded at Margaret Drive Waist-high  

2 February 1996

Bukit Timah Paya Lebar - 40mm (1h) NA  ITM Several car accidents reported    

1 July 1996 Opera Estate   NA SW Flooded houses – belongings destroyed

0.2 m  

17 April 1996

Central Singapore 2.5h Lightning

NA ITM Strong surface winds affected some areas, including Toa Payoh, Moulmein, Balestier, Whitley and Thomson3 cars damaged from falling trees; 22 fallen trees

2 injuries

24 October 1996

Changi, Paya Lebar, Seletar and in the city area.

2.5h 14-32mm

9.0;0000 ITM-Sumatra squall

     

25 February 1997

Opera Estate, Bedok 1h rainstorm 27.0;1200 ITM Blackout Worst flood for the residences in 20 years Flooded houses with damaged belongings

0.5 m  

4 March 1997

Opera Estate 2h rainfall NA ITM Flooded houses with damaged belongings

Knee-deep  

2 April 1997 Marina Station Sembawang – 27.6mm 12.0;0300; 3.0;0600 ITM Fallen trees reported 0.25 m  

4 December 1997

Ulu Pandan Canal Heavy rain 1.0;0300, 14.0;0600 NE     Boy swept into overflowed monsoon drain

5 May 1998 Amberville   27.0;2100 ITM Cars were completely flooded with water

0.3 m  

12 July 1998 Tanjong Katong, Changi , Marine Parade

165mm (3.5h)102mm (50min from 1.10pm to 2pm)

34.0;0600, 0.1;0900 SW   0.35 m  

9 September 1998

Singapore River, Kim Seng, Jiak Kim Street

  NA ITM      

7 December 1998

Chinatown   4.0;0900 NE Traffic jams reported    

6 January 1999

Chinatown   10.9;0100, 0.7;0900 NE Business goods were damaged    

23-25 December 1999

Boat Quay , Chinatown, City Area, East Coat Park, eastern Singapore

No rain 0.7;1200, 1.0;21004.0;0000, 3.0;0300, 0.3;06003.6;0000, 0.3;1500, 0.3, 1800

NE Shops next to the river were flooded and other areas as well Bumboat businesses were disrupted

 

21 January 2000

Pagoda St, Stadium Rd   0 NE   0.03 m  

6 April 2000 Braddell, Upper Thomson, Jurong, Bukit Timah

166mm (1.5h) 0.7;0300, 1;0600, 0.7;1800, 1.3;2100

ITM- "1-in-100 yr storm"

    Woman fell into a drain(death) and the man was swept away in a flooded canal(missing)

22 November 2000

Changi, Preston Road, Serangoon, Chinatown, Jervois Road

2 Tropical storms 0.1.0000, 0.5;0300, 4;0600, 0.6;0900, 31;1500, 10;1800, 0.3;2100

NE Landslides reported; 29 uprooted or severely damaged trees

 

19 December 2000

Jervois Road, River Valley   11.9;0000, 11.9;0300,11.9;0600, 2.5;0900, 0.7;1200

NE Traffic jams and stalled vehicles reported

Waist-high  

10 February 2001

Stadium Road No rain 21.1;0000, 21.3;0300, 18.5;0600, 0.7;0900, 0.7;1500,

ITM   Ankle-deep  

2 December 2001

Yio Chu Kang   8;0900, 8.6;1500, 8.6;1800, 8.6;2100

NE, "1 in 10 yr storm"

Residential terrace house roofs collapsed

   

7 April 2002 Kranji Heavy rainfallOpening of tidal gates

0 ITM     3 people possibly drowned at the beach – washed into the sea when the tide came in

8 March 2004

Bukit Timah, Victoria Street, Upper Pickering Street, Boat Quay

  0.2;0000,1;0300,25;0600, 4;0900,17;1200,47;1500,17;1800,13;2100

ITM Businesses were severally affectedtraffic jams reported

0.3 m  

10 March 2004

Paya Lebar, Telok Kurau, Geylang

90mm (1h) 0 ITM Basement carpark submerged    

30 March 2004

Jurong Jalan Behar - 28mmUlu Pandan - 80mm

3;0900 ITM Entire industrial area was floodeduprooted trees

   

3 April 2006 Bedok   11;1200 ITM 22 bus services were diverted 1 m  

14 April 2006

Chin Cheng Avenue, Bedok 75mm (2h) 0.4;0300;8;0600;22;0900,

ITM 13 vehicles & 10 buses stalled Up to van windscreen

 

10 June 2006 Punggol   0.1;0600, 0.1;1200,0.1;1500,0.7;1800,0.2;2100

SW   Ankle-deep  

1-14 June 2006

Western Singapore - Tuas, Jurong

225mm to 315mm NA  SW      

14 July 2006 Commonwealth 17;0300 SW  “Ponding” occurred Car wheel depth

 

15 September 2006

Commonwealth, Cuscaden Road

  1;0300,2.9;0600,2;0900,0.2;1200,0.1;1500,

ITM Stalled vehicles Car wheel depth

 

19 December 2006

Buangkok, Thomson Road Yio Chu Kang - 345mm (20h) 13;0000,50;0300,48;0600, 26;0900,11;1200,18;1500,37;1800,8;2100

NE Traffic jam reportedLandslides at Mandai and Bukit Batok, several fallen trees

Waist-deep  

18 January 2007

Kampong Bahru Road, Commonwealth Avenue, Cuscaden Road

Sentosa - 121mm (3.5h @ 7pm) 11;0900,0.1;1500 NE Massive traffic jams reported; numerous stalled vehicles

Knee-deep  

19 January 2007

Commonwealth, junction of Tomlinson Road and Cuscaden Road

  0 NE 5 cars, 1 taxi, 1 van stalled Knee-deep  

21 January 2007

Commonwealth   0 NE    

22 April 2007

Bukit Batok   2;0900 ITM     Girl drowned after she was washed away in a canal.

23 April 2007

Sembawang   0.1;0900 ITM Flooding of 3rd and 4th floor school classroomPower supply cut off on 4th floor of school

   

3 May 2007 Shenton Way Prince Edward Rd - 69.6mm 4;0300,2;0600,1;0900

ITM   Ankle-deep  

19 July 2007   Ulu Pandan -137mm (1h) 23;0300,0.1;0600, SW    

28 August 2007

Commonwealth Avenue, Ganges Avenue, King's Road, Balmoral Road, Arcadia, central Singapore

central Singapore - 143mm in 7hrs

0.2;1500 SW      

28 November 2007

Orchard, Lower Delta Road, Jalan Besar, Indus Road, Tiong Bahru, open-air carpark opposite Delta House and Liat Towers

Somerset - 99mm (2.30-5pm) 4;0900,0.6;1200 NE   Knee-deep  

3 April 2008 Dunearn Road , Upper Paya Lebar and Commonwealth Avenue

Jurong Pier Road - 126mm (4.20-6pm)

2;1200 ITM      

9 August 2008

Orchard Road   11;0900,14;1200 SW      

26 September 2008

Cross Street, Orchard Road, Cuscaden Road, Tiong Bahru

  31;0000,0.4;0300,2;0600

ITM Uprooted trees reported 0.5 m  

15 March 2009

Jurong East   15;0900 ITM- storm Uprooted trees reported    

19 November 2009

Bukit Timah Bukit Timah - 110m (total)NP - 121mm (12.30-3.20pm)

40;0600,19;0900,2;1200

NE Traffic jams reported and basement carparks flooded

Knee-deep  

20 November 2009

Bukit Timah   Bukit Timah -92mm (1.20-1.50pm)110mm (1-3pm)

13;0600,4;0900 NE "1 in 50 yrs flood"

  Knee-deep  

16 June 2010 Orchard, Bukit Timah Two peaks at 9.15am and 10.30am.100mm in 3hrsOrchard - 101.6mm (2h)Sentosa - 115mm (2h)

25;0000,25;0300,13;0600,0.4;0900

SW Shops had merchandise destroyed, millions lost100 cars flooded in basement; traffic jams and fallen tree reportedPower cutPeople had to move out temporarily

   

25 June 2010 Bukit Timah, Thomson, Bukit Java, Geylang, MacPherson Road, Old Airport Road

100mm (1h) 8;0000,26;0300,0.1;0600

SW Sumatra squall

Traffic jams reported25 fallen trees

Knee-deep Injured people from trees falling on cars

1 July 2010 MacPherson and Tai Seng   0.4;1500 SW      

17 July 2010 Braddel, Joo Chiat, Changi, Bukit Timah, Cluny Court basement carpark

Central 181mm (total)Eastern 194mm (total)Lower pierce Reservoir - 114mm (1h)Poole Road - 194mm (1h)

110;0000,4;0300, 0.1;1800

SW (during Typhoon Conson)

Power cuts & Merchandise damaged at shopping mall

0.7 m  

30 January 2011

Eastern Singapore 216 mm (MSS)Pulau Ubin - 200.8mmChangi -178mm

3;0000,100;0300,65;0600,6;0900,3;1200,9;1500,13;1800,8;2100

NE   Shin-deep  

4 May 2011 Bishan St 13 , Ang Mo Kio Ave 1, Yio Chu Kang

100mm (total) Bishan Street 13 - 90 (1h from 3 to 4pm)

16;0900,2;1200 ITM   Knee-deep  

1 June 2011 Balestier   0.2;0900 SW     Student fell into a non-barricaded drain

5 June 2011 Tanglin, MacPherson, orchard, Bukit Timah, Moulmein

Central - 124mm (4h)5h storm 65mm (30min)

53;0000,17;0300,6;0600,1;0900,0.2;2100

SW Retail malls in Tanglin were flooded 0.1 m Drain where boy from previous flood drowned, overflowed

9 June 2011 Jurong East and Choa Chu Kang

  1;0000,0.2;0300 SW      

12 June 2011 Tanglin   0 SW Tanglin Mall flooded Ankle-deep  

21 October 2011

Slip road from Kranji Expressway (KJE) to Woodlands Road, Ang Mo Kio, Little India, Serangoon

2hr heavy rain 0 ITM flooding of shops, one shop lost $800 of new shirts from rain water

 

31 October 2011

Woodlands , KJE, Mandai   10;0600,3;0900,2;1200

ITM Traffic jams reported Knee-deep  

12 November 2011

Basement carpark of Varsity Park Condominium, West Coast , AYE towards the East Coast Parkway (ECP), Pasir Panjang

Kent ridge – 91.4mm Kent ridge - 52.6mm (30min from 1.20 to 1.50pm)

0.2,0600, 8;0900 NE   0.3 m  

23 December 2011

Orchard Road (Liat Towers. Cuscaden Road, Newton Circus, Kampong Java, Lincoln Road, Wee Nam Road, Cambridge Road, junction of Moulmein Road and Thomson Road in front of United Square, and junction of Bukit Timah junction and Sixth Avenue.

152.8mm (3h) 0.6;0600,0.8;0900,0.4;1200,0.4;2100

NE Shops in Liat Towers and Lucky Plaza were severally affected

0.3 m  

20 January 2012

Raffles City, Little India, Thomson, Tanglin

Orchard - 67mm (1h from 1.35-2.35pm)

11;0900 NE Power failure at several malls    

21 January 2012

Bukit Timah, Sengkang, Tampines, Geylang Serai, and the Seletar Expressway (SLE), towards the Bukit Timah Expressway (BKE)

2h storm 9;0900,3;1200 NEITM

Flood collected in businesses and shopsDamage to traffic lights at several junctions

Knee-deep  

27 February 2012

Ulu Pandan, Clementi   0.4;0000 ITM Subsided within 20 minutes    

2 April 2012 Toh Tuck 95.2mm 25;0000,2;0300 ITM Sumatra squall

     

10 April 2012 Eastern and Central Singapore. Lorong Ah Soo

  27;0900,7;1200 ITM      

5 May 2012 Bukit Timah, Dunearn, KJE slip road in the direction of Woodlands Road, Clementi

NP - 68.6mm (30min from 1.40am -2.10am)Rain from 1.30am and 3.10am

0.2;0000 ITM   0.25 m  

27 September 2012

Kim Tian, Tanjong Pagar, Marina South, Temple St, Jalan Bukit Merah, Mount Elizabeth

  24;1200,4;1800,0.2;2100

ITM   Ankle-deep  

Road, South Bridge Road and New Bridge Road

17 October 2012

Ang Mo Kio 106mm 0.6;0000,4;1200 ITM      

31 October 2012

Southern Singapore 100.4mm 1;0600,3;0900 ITM- Sumatra Squall

Car drifted 50m in Nanyang Technological University

   

1 November 2012

Serangoon, Bukit Timah, Toa Payoh, Orchard

  0.2;0600,0.2;1800 NE      

17 November 2012

Bukit Timah Afternoon 0 NE Flooded carpark  

13 December 2012

Ang Mo Kio   0.2;0600,55;0900,5;1200,1;1500

NE   0.1 m  

2 January2013

Woodlands, other areas Thunderstorm 7;0000,1;0300 NE      

6-7 February 2013

Rivervale Mall at Punggol East   0.2;0300,0.8;0600,7;0900,2;1200,2;1500

ITM Tenants at the mall were severally affected as the entire building was leaking

   

8 February 2013

Rochester, NUS, AYE, PIE, Commonwealth

1.5h rain 3;0600,6;0900,2;1200

ITM   Knee-deep  

17 April 2013 Geylang, Tampines, Mount Faber, Whampoa and Holland

6h thunderstorm 22;0000,1;0300 ITM Sumatra squall

People were late for work due to severe delays from rail network1 damaged car & fallen trees reported

   

28 April 2013 Eastern Singapore   14;0300,2;0600 ITM Partially submerged cars    

5 September 2013

AYE, Clementi, Commonwealth, Kent Ridge – National University of Singapore

Kent Ridge - 102.8mm (90min) 119.2mm before noonHolland Rd - 122mm82.2mm (35min)

23;0300,2;0600,0.2;0900,19;2100

ITM 5 fallen trees and traffic jams reported

0.5 m  

15 October 2013

PIE towards Changi near the Tampines Avenue 5 exit, Paya Lebar

5hr Thunderstorm 59;0000,13;0300 ITM Pasir Ris Polyclinic - where two ceiling boards collapsed after a build-up of water. Changi Airport – leaking and soaked carpets

 

20 October 2013

Paya Lebar Road, the Service Road off Upper Paya Lebar Road, Arumugam Road, Ubi Ave 2 and Eunos Crescent, Thomson, PIE at Stevens rd exit, Macpherson

Kim Chuan -77 mm (2.333h from 4.20pm to 6.40pm) Kim Chuan -60.2mm (30 min from 5.05pm)

0.4;0600,24;0900,9;1200,

ITM      

28 October 2013

New Upper Changi Road, Chai Chee Road, Marine Parade

  0 ITM    

30 October 2013

AYE after the Alexandra, Thomson, Dunearn, Cambridge, Tiong , New Upper Changi Road, Chai Chee Road, Marine Parade

Ping Yi Secondary School in Chai Chee - 54mm (12.30 - 1.30pm)Ping Yi Secondary School in Chai Chee - 48mm (12.30-1pm)

9;0600 ITM Marine Parade Market and Food Centre reeked of a foul smell when its toilets overflowed and dirty water mixed with the floodwatersStalled vehicles and traffic jams reported

0.1 m  

3 November 2013

Chai Chee   0 NE    

4 November 2013

Clementi, Commonwealth, Bukit Timah

Ngee Ann Polytechnic - 86.6mm (3pm to 4.40pm)NP - 51.8mm (3.30pm to 4pm)

4;0600,15;0900,0.4;1200

NE      

24 November 2013

Chai Chee/ New Upper Changi Road

  0.8;0600,0.8;0900, NE      

30 November 2013

Boon Lay, Chai Chee   0.2;0900,21;1200,2;1500

NE    

9 July 2014 Commonwealth, KJE slip road to Woodlands Road, Ang Mo Kio, Mandai

5h stormMandai - 96.8mm (1h peak)

11.0;0000, 2.0;0300 SW Fallen trees reported    

29 July 2014 Mackenzie Road near Little India, Kramat Lane behind Concorde Hotel along Orchard Road and Bassein Road near Tan Tock Seng Hospital in Novena

Hardy Road -95.4mm (2.10pm to 4pm) Hardy Road -49.4mm (2.30 to 3pm)

19.0;0600, 10.0;0900

SW Reduced haze in Singapore – storm & wind direction Toppled trees & falling branches – fell on car injuring peopleTraffic jam reported

   

4 October 2014

Boon Lay, Buangkok   4.0;0300, 2.0;0600 ITM   0.1 m  

8 November 2014

Dunearn, Lorong Kismis   23.0;000, 0.2;0300, 20.0;1500, 4.0;2100

NE   0.2 m  

13 November 2014

Yishun, Macpherson, Harvey Road, Lorong Gambir, Lorong Ong Lye

  0.2;0900, 63;1200, 0.4;1500

NE   0.2 m  

17 November 2014

Hougang, Tampines, Macpherson , Lorong Gambir, Lorong Ong Lye , Kovan

Paya Lebar - 62.6mm @ 5pm 0.3;1200 NE Car park was flooded Damage to property when homes were flooded

0.3 m  

20 November 2014

Bukit Batok Storm NA NE 2 branches fell and crushed a lorry  

26 November 2014

Sunset Drive   38.0;0900, 0.2;1200, 0.8;1500

NE   0.15 m  

17 December 2014

Commonwealth, Enterprise Road

  18.0;1200 NE   0.2 m  

24 April 2015 Lornie Viaduct   1.0;0900, 0.2;1200 ITM   0.1 m  

28 April 2015 Marine Parade, Chai Chee 88mm 0.2;0000 ITM      

8 June 2015 Chin Bee Ave, Boon Lay way   NA SW   0.3 m  

11 August 2015

Nanyang Technological University- North Spine (1 40pm), Tampines Street 32 (215am)

  trace at 0600, 36; 9am

SW North Spine area flooded/pondingVoid decks flooded

Rose above road kerb

 

9 September 2015

Jurong West Street 51   7.1;0600, 10.9;0900 ITM Stores flooded between noon and 1 pm

0.1 m  

5 December 2015

Ang Mo Kio, Buangkok, Hougang and Yio Chu Kang

   6.0;1800 NE Stalled vehicles reported 1 m  

10 December 2015

Toa Payoh, Boon Keng, Maxwell Road, slip road to Airport Boulevard on the PIE

40.1;1800 NE Roads flooded

11 December 2015

Boon Keng, Bendemeer, Thomson, Balestier, Bishan

11.0;1500 NE Roads and Shopping mall flooded Ankle deep