Upload
franklin-short
View
212
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Video
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GBd_55sRY0Q
War of the Roses English Civil War to determine who would
take the throne
House of York
House of Lancaster
War lasted from 1453 - 1487
Henry of Lancaster led his house to victory
War of the Roses
Henry Tudor became Henry VII of England
He married the daughter of the dead leader of the house of York, uniting the two houses
The TUDOR Dynasty had begun
TUDOR RULERS
• Henry VII
•Henry VIIIHenry VIII
Baby Henry
Young Henry
TUDOR RULERS
• Henry VII
•Henry VIII
The Beginning:
Henry VIII was given permission from the Pope to marry his brother’s widow
WIFE #1 – CATHERINE OF ARAGON
The Problem:
Catherine failed to produce a male heir – she only had one surviving child – Mary
Henry wanted a divorce, but Pope Clement VII wouldn’t invalidate the marriage
Henry tried to get Church to do what he wanted, and appointed Sir Thomas More as English Cardinal
WIFE #1 – CATHERINE OF ARAGON
The Result: DIVORCE
More wouldn’t support the divorce
Henry proceeded to dissolve his ties to the Pope
ENGLISH REFORMATION – Henry VIII took control of the English clergy and had himself appointed the head of the Church of England
He divorced Catherine and married his lover Anne Boleyn
The Beginning: he began anaffair with Anne Boleyn while still married to his first wife
WIFE #2 – ANNE BOLEYN
The Problem: Only had 1 surviving child – a daughter, Elizabeth
Henry upset at not having a son, accused Anne of incest and adultery
WIFE #2 – ANNE BOLEYN
Anne’s sister Mary had been one of Henry’s earlier mistresses (the movie The Other Boleyn Girl)
Just prior to her execution, Anne’s marriage to Henry was dissolved and considered invalid
WIFE #2 – ANNE BOLEYN
The Beginning:
First came to the court in the service of Queen Catherine; later she waited on Queen Anne Boleyn
Henry felt she was his first“true wife”
WIFE #3 – Jane Seymour
The Result: DIED
She died 2 weeks after giving birth to Henry’s only legitimate son – Edward
She is the only one of the 6 wives buried with him.
WIFE #3 – Jane Seymour
The Beginning:
Henry was single for 2 years after Jane died
Henry wanted a marriage for political reasons, to form an Alliance between the new English Protestants and German Protestants
He hired a painter to find him a potential ally and paint the women who could make it possible – the painter chose Anne of Cleves, from Germany
WIFE #4 – ANNE OF CLEVES
The Problem:
Once Henry VIII saw her in person, he found her extremely unattractive
He went through with the marriage because of political reasons, but he never was attracted to her or loved her
WIFE #4 – ANNE OF CLEVES
The Result: DIVORCED
He could not stand being married to her, and though it cost him politically, he soon divorced her
WIFE #4 – ANNE OF CLEVES
The Beginning:
She was a cousin of Anne Boleyn (wife #2)
Married her only 16 days after his divorce to Anne – he was 49, she was 19
WIFE #5 – CATHRYN HOWARD
The Problem:
He was gaining a lot of weight and had an ulcerated leg – it was hard for him to walk and he was becoming morbidly obese
He called her his “rose without a thorn”
She began having multiple affairs within the castle
WIFE #5 – CATHRYN HOWARDWIFE #5 – CATHRYN HOWARD
Widowed twice before marrying Henry
Became a stabilizing mother figure in home – to Mary, Elizabeth, and Edward
Persuaded Henry to bring the daughters back to the castle and reinstate them as his legitimate children
She outlived Henry, who diedJanuary 28, 1547
It is said by many that this wasthe only wife he truly loved
WIFE #6 – Katherine Parr
1. CATHERINE OF ARAGON
2. ANNE BOLEYN
3. JANE SEYMOUR
4. ANNE OF CLEVES
5. CATHRYN HOWARD
6. KATHERINE PARR
To recap…the wives of Henry VIII
TUDOR RULERS
• Henry VII
• Henry VIII
•Edward VI
King Edward VI
Crowned at the age of nine
Regents ruled during his reign
Had a good relationship with his sisters
He died at the age of 15 from fever & cough
TUDOR RULERS
• Henry VII
• Henry VIII
• Edward VI
•Mary IQueen Mary I
“Bloody Mary” – when she took the throne, she returned Catholicism to England, executing anyone involved in the Protestant Reformation
She imprisoned Elizabeth, her sister, in the Tower of London when Elizabeth was 21
However, Mary wed Phillip of Spain, and shortly afterwards became pregnant
TUDOR RULERS
• Henry VII
• Henry VIII
• Edward VI
•Mary I
Queen Mary I
Since she was pregnant with an heir to the throne, she no longer saw Elizabeth as a threat, and released her
Her belly continued to swell, but there was no baby
Mary died from what is now believed to be a large tumor in her stomach
TUDOR RULERS
• Henry VII
• Henry VIII
• Edward VI
• Mary I
•Elizabeth I
Elizabeth I
Queen Elizabeth I took the throne
Considered the best ruler in the history of all of England
Nicknamed the “Virgin Queen”
Restored Protestantism, but ruled with tolerance
Defeat of the Spanish Armada
Huge patron of the arts
TUDOR RULERS
• Henry VII
• Henry VIII
• Edward VI
• Mary I
• Elizabeth I~~~~~~~~~~~~~
•James Inot Tudor – King of Scotland
Elizabeth died in 1603 at the age of seventy
She had ruled England for 45 years
She had no heir to the throne, so the crown passed to King James of Scotland
He ruled well, continuing her love and patronage of the arts
He also supported religious freedom for the common man
King James Bible