Viatge a Escòcia 2014 - coac.net€¦ · small group of innovative, sculptural compositions for the Church of Scotland which are emphatically modern in their conception. Text by

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Viatge a Escòcia 2014

XXXVIIè Curset

Jornades Internacionals sobre la Intervenció en el Patrimoni Arquitectònic

PATRIMONI SACRE: Permanent Innovació

AADIPA – COAC

Director: Dr. Ricardo Gómez Val

Col∙laborador: Marc Piqué Gascón


Introducció

Des de fa trenta‐sis anys, l’Agrupació d’Arquitectes per a la Defensa i la Intervenció en el Patrimoni

Arquitectònic (AADIPA) del Col∙legi d’Arquitectes de Catalunya (COAC) organitza el Curset. Jornades

Internacionals sobre la Intervenció en el Patrimoni Arquitectònic. Enguany, de l’11 al 14 de desembre,

se’n celebrarà la XXXVIIa edició, amb el títol Patrimoni Sacre: permanent innovació. Com bé sabreu, es

tracta de les jornades d’estudi sobre patrimoni arquitectònic amb major trajectòria del país, que han assolit

gran prestigi i projecció (tal i com evidencia l’assistència de més de dues‐centes persones de mitjana durant

les successives edicions).

L’objectiu d’aquest Curset serà l’anàlisi en profunditat del nostre extens patrimoni sacre, entès aquest en

un sentit ampli, tot posant de relleu que a tota Europa representa més del 70% del patrimoni catalogat.

Atenent al seu volum i rellevància, creiem convenient crear un fòrum de reflexió i debat que serveixi per a

definir com és aquest Patrimoni, en quin estat de conservació es troba, a quines exigències legislatives està

subjecte, com s’hi està intervenint, etc. En especial, volem posar èmfasi en els treballs de manteniment,

consolidació, restauració, millora, rehabilitació i transformació que s’hi han portat a terme al llarg dels

darrers anys, sense oblidar, tampoc, les intervencions “ex novo”. Per a assolir aquests objectius,

comptarem amb l’aportació d’especialistes tant locals com internacionals, pertanyents als diferents àmbits

professionals relacionats amb el tema, que ens exposaran les seves experiències.

Aquest document s’ha realitzat d’acord amb la proposta de viatge a Escòcia com a activitat prèvia del

XXXVIIè Curset, que enguany és dirigit pel Dr. Arquitecte Ricardo Gómez Val.

Les pàgines següents mostren el resultat de la recerca efectuada sobres edificis religiosos destacats del

segle XX i XXI a Escòcia i presenten una recopilació d’aquells exemples que es podrien visitar durant el

viatge.

Els edificis que es presenten destaquen per la seva singularitat arquitectònica i l’ús variat que proporciona

el seu espai. Una gran part dels projectes corresponen a esglésies que conserven el seu aspecte original,

com St Andrew’s Clerminston Church o St Charles of Borromeo, mentre que d’altres han afegit nous espais

al seu interior o els han annexionat, com a Greenbank o St Teresa’s. L’església de St Paul’s and St George’s

ha estat remodelada completament en el seu interior mantenint l’ús litúrgic.

Algunes antigues esglésies s’han reconvertit en espais comercials, d’oci o de treball, com Mansfield

Traquair o Erskine Church. Cal destacar, però, el cas de l’antic seminari catòlic de St Peter’s. Aquest edifici,

considerat un dels millors exemples d’arquitectura moderna a Escòcia, es troba en estat d’abandó. Les

propostes per a la seva reconversió i adaptació a nou ús no han prosperat.


Map of Scotland


EDINBURGH

THE CHAPEL OF SAINT ALBERT THE GREAT

Simpson & Brown Architects

The new Chapel of Saint Albert the Great, in George Square, Edinburgh, was completed in late 2012. Built for the

University Chaplaincy and friary for The Order of Preachers this new chapel is situated in the garden of one of the

townhouses, replacing the old chapel which was located on the upper floor of the adjoining townhouses.

The new garden chapel not only provides a space for peace and worship, but also increases capacity and improves

accessibility. A new access was created from Middle Meadow Walk, and, along with the siting, form and appearance

of the building, the chapel is announced to the many that use this popular route.

The choice of materials and building form were important factors in the design of the building, chosen to achieve the

peaceful space required of a chapel, and to connect it to its natural setting of the garden and Meadows beyond. Four

tree‐like Corten Steel columns support a curved, oak‐lined timber roof over the altar and sanctuary spaces. A thick

masonry wall, constructed out of large clay blocks clad with sandstone, interprets the historic boundary between the

townhouses and provides a solid mass and weight to the building form. Angled windows are formed within this wall to

allow light in and also to maintain the focus towards the sanctuary, providing only oblique views of the garden. A

combination of clerestory glazing, ventilator windows and a lightwell with opening rooflights provides both natural

light and ventilation. Daylight is introduced by mirrors and filtered through continuous oak slats along the length of

the chapel.

The west wall behind the sanctuary is glazed and connects the chapel with the garden and the changing seasons,

which plays an important part in the worship calendar. The external finish on the roof is sedum, again connecting the

building to its garden setting, and minimising its visual impact from above.

Text by Simpson & Brown Architects Address: Blackfriars, 24 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9LD

More information and images at http://www.simpsonandbrown.co.uk/architecture/churches/the‐chapel‐of‐st‐albert‐the‐great/


MANSFIELD TRAQUAIR


Rowand Anderson's magnificent Catholic Apostolic Church at Mansfield Place in Edinburgh ‐ with its celebrated

Phoebe Traquair murals ‐ was repaired, restored and converted to create the new headquarters for the Scottish

Council for Voluntary Organisations. The £4.1 million project involved the comprehensive repair of the external

building fabric, and the extensive remodelling of the interior to provide modern office space.

Two floors of highly serviced offices have been created below the Nave by the demolition of dividing walls and the

lowering of the original floor level by over a metre. An elegant, exposed, steel "tree" structure now supports the Nave

floor, with the two floors of open plan offices beneath ranged around a central void and connected to each other by

lightweight steel stairs. Overtly modern materials and forms have been chosen for such new interventions in order to

distinguish them from the historic fabric of the church. Elsewhere, salvaged materials and elements, such as original

pine flooring and distinctive panelled doors, were re‐used wherever possible.

Text by Simpson & Brown Architects

Address: 15 Mansfield Pl, Edinburgh, City of Edinburgh EH3 6BB

More information and images at http://www.simpsonandbrown.co.uk/architecture/leisure‐commercial/mansfield‐traquair/ http://www.mansfieldtraquair.co.uk/

SAINT ANDREW’S CLERMINSTON CHURCH

Sir Basil Spence

Historic Scotland

St. Andrew’s Church is the only church built by Basil Spence in Scotland. The design appears deceptively simple, but is

quite sophisticated in plan and form upon closer examination. The main door leads into a small rectangular vestibule

with the main space of the church opening up in the nave. The plan of the church is almost kite‐shaped; a modern

interpretation of the cruciform plan traditionally favoured for its liturgical symbolism. The triangular form that runs

throughout Spence's church complements the plan of the surrounding housing estate at Clermiston, which is designed

around the form of an open fan.

Text by Edinburg’s Post‐War Listed Building report, Historic Scotland

Address: Clermiston View, Edinburgh, EH4 7BS

More information and images at

http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/site/149785/digital_images/edinburgh+clermiston+view+st+andrew+s+parish+chu

rch/?&sort_typ=archnum&sort_ord=‐1


CRAIGSBANK CHURCH

Sir William Kininmonth of Rowand Anderson, Kininmonth & Paul

Historic Scotland

Craigsbank Parish Church is an outstanding near‐windowless, square‐plan flat‐roofed Modernist church with a

semicircular entrance and open bell tower, formerly with a moat. It is a striking, innovative and unique later 20th

century church design. Its enclosed form and sunken nave reportedly inspired by the ‘Conventicle’ church and the

hillside hollows used by the covenanters in the 17th century.

The striking form of the building is a welcome contrast to the pitched roofs of the surrounding domestic properties.

This church represents the best of post‐war church design in Scotland during the 1960s and can be included among a

small group of innovative, sculptural compositions for the Church of Scotland which are emphatically modern in their

conception.


Address: Craigs Bank, Edinburgh, City of Edinburgh EH12 8HD


http://www.scottisharchitects.org.uk/building_full.php?id=400189

MUIRHOUSE ST ANDREW’S CHURCH

Harry Tailor

Historic Scotland

Muirhouse St Andrews Parish Church is a largely‐unaltered building characterised by a bold geometric design, unusual

plan form and well‐detailed interior. Located in the centre of a post‐war housing estate, the design of this church,

particularly its distinctive corner elevation and canted roofline makes a significant contribution to the area. Above the

entrance are pre‐cast coloured concrete sculptures of a winged man, a winged lion, a winged bull, an eagle and a

dove in the centre, which are representative of the four evangelists and the Holy Spirit.

Harry Taylor was Home Board Architect to the Church of Scotland, prior to which he had worked in the Lanarkshire

County Architects´ Department.


Address: 42 Pennywell Gardens, Edinburgh


http://www.scottisharchitects.org.uk/building_full.php?id=408587

http://www.historic‐scotland.gov.uk/edinburghpostwar.pdf


MORTONHALL CREMATORIUM

Sir Basil Spence, Glover and Ferguson

Historic Scotland

The multi‐denominational Mortonhall Crematorium is one of Edinburgh’s most iconic post‐war buildings. The spirit of

Le Corbusier is reflected in this work, and there is a stylistic debt to Le Corbusier’s Ronchamp in the theatrical use of

wall‐planes and shafted light. The use of deflected light and colour is comparable with Spence’s own design for

Coventry Cathedral. The extensive landscaped grounds around the crematorium are maintained as a public garden.

The Expressionist style crematorium included a service block flanked by chapels which provide dramatic angular

shapes of white calcined flit aggregate concrete blocks, coursed in varying heights and clustering with a vertical

emphasis. The simple white painted interiors act as a perfect foil for the reflection of multi‐coloured glass.


Address: 30B, Howden Hall Road, Edinburgh EH16 6TX


http://www.richardx.co.uk/2005/05/26/mortonhall‐crematorium‐interiors/

http://www.edinburgharchitecture.co.uk/mortonhall‐crematorium

ST PAUL'S AND ST GEORGE'S CHURCH

Lee boyd

The Grade A Listed Church of St Paul's and St George's has an expanding and vibrant congregation that had been

struggling to function effectively in the impressive Gothic Revival building on York Place. The purpose of this project

was to address this issue and make the building fit for its purpose and to sustain its use as a place of worship and

congregation for years to come. The new works act as a symbol of the Church's intention to look forward and give an

outward expression of their faith. The project is already being acclaimed for the manner in which the contemporary

elements have been sensitively integrated with the Listed period architecture. Works included a new glass entrance

canopy, new balcony levels and a new multi purpose hall, involving detailed negotiations with Planning and Historic

Scotland. One of the conservation aspects of the project was the rehabilitation of the stained glass windows; these

can now be better appreciated from the new galleries. The positive response from the congregation has been

overwhelming; they are very much enjoying using their new, modern facilities.

Text by Lee Boyd

Address: 10 Broughton St, Edinburgh, Midlothian EH1 3RH


http://www.leeboyd.com/public_buildings/churches/st_pauls_and_st_georges.html#church1


GREENBANK CHURCH

Lee boyd

In January 1999 we were commissioned to design a new multi purpose hall for Greenbank Parish Church, following a

two stage limited competition.

The design emphasizes the relationship between the old and the new represents the progressive outlook of a thriving

congregation, which see the Church very much at the centre of the community. The brief includes a nursery facility

with associated garden/play and a variety of flexible spaces for use by Church Organisations.

Text by Lee Boyd

Address: Braidburn Terrace, Edinburgh EH10 6ES


http://www.leeboyd.com/public_buildings/churches/greenbank.html#church2

COLINTON CHURCH, COLLINTON (EDINBURGH)

Page\Park Architects

It is a surprise to think that this extension to the original Sydney Mitchell Colinton Parish Church has the same ground

floor area as the church itself. By clever use of a stepped zinc roof, the illusion is created of a modest porch addition,

whereas in reality new halls, offices and support facilities are embedded in the building block. The ground floor can be

read both as an extension of the graveyard but also as a balcony to the tree‐edged Water of Leith landscape beyond.

The new hall, by virtue of sliding doors and screens, can be seen as a separate entity or as an extension to the foyer

providing a range of flexible uses depending on church and community needs. The existing side entrance to the church

and this new entrance from the back of the sanctuary have, importantly, a visual relationship. The new does not

diminish the old’s importance as the way into the church.

Text by Page\Park Architects

Address: Dell Road, Edinburgh EH13 0JR

More information and images at http://pagepark.co.uk/projects/colinton‐church


GLASGOW

ST ANDREW’S ROMAN CATHOLIC CATHEDRAL


St Andrew's Cathedral, built in 1816, is seen in a new light since its restoration, completed in April 2011. The purpose

of the proposed works was twofold: Firstly, the fabric of the existing Cathedral building required conservation and

repair to ensure its long‐term integrity for the future. Secondly, the Cathedral was not large enough to fulfil its

intended purpose as the principal church of the Archdiocese of Glasgow and the seat of its Archbishop.

A full programme of conservation has been undertaken and a rich bold colour scheme including much gold leaf has

been introduced based upon the colours within the stained glass windows.

The external enclosing elements of a new cloister have been constructed to the South East of the existing Cathedral.

The formation of the cloister, will in the future, provide a flexible multipurpose space or series of spaces that increase

the Cathedral’s potential as an appropriate social, exhibition, conference and educational building.

In addition to the cloister, a number of new commissioned works of art have been inserted into the existing building

fabric including a new font by artist Tim Pomeroy, a new painting by Peter Howson of Blessed John Ogilvie (the only

post Reformation Scottish Saint) and new doors


Address: Cathedral House, 90 Dunlop Street Glasgow G1 4ER

More information and images at http://pagepark.co.uk/projects/standrews‐cathedral

SAINT TERESA’S, POSSILPARK


The creative re‐use of the fantastic heritage of Scottish church buildings is an ongoing issue. St. Teresas remains a

benchmark, although now more than 20 years old. The loss of an existing church hall and inability to rebuild a new

one for the funds available provoked the Archdiocese of Glasgow together with the local Parish into thinking whether

the nave of the church could be utilised whilst preserving the sanctity of a space for worship. The resulting single

storey building‐in‐a‐building using the timber from the removed pews and extruding the barrel form of the existing

arched side aisles created a new forecourt to the main sanctuary whilst providing space for the more prosaic activities

of the congregation.


Address: 86 Saracen Street, Glasgow G22 5AD


http://pagepark.co.uk/projects/saint‐teresas‐possilpar


SAINT CHARLES OF BORROMEO

Gillespie, Kidd & Coia architects

Historic Scotland

Gillespie Kidd & Coia are regarded as Scotland's most innovative and prolific designers of churches of the post‐war

period, many of which are listed buildings.

St Charles' Church in North Kelvinside, which dates from 1959/60, was erected in around a reinforced concrete

skeletal frame. The main body of the church was formed from seven concrete portals, infilled with red rustic

brickwork.

There is a highly original fanned vaulted roof over the apse, supported by a circular series of columns.

The original plan by Jack Coia was fleshed out by Andy MacMillan, producing a highly original completed building.

The Stations of the Cross were created with terracotta figures encircling the church by the celebrated sculptor Benno

Schotz, in one of his final commissions before his retirement in 1961. He used his wife, family and members of his

synagogue as models for the extensive sculptural compositions which adorn the walls. Both Benno Schotz and Jack

Coia feature as figures along with the church’s first parish priest, Canon Vincent O’Sullivan.

Schotz also designed the sanctuary lamp suspended from an angelic figure appearing from on high. The altar and

pulpit were formed with Mexican onyx, a material favoured by Coia, which he also used in the neighbouring St

Columba’s Church.

Text by Gerald Blaikie, at http://www.scotcities.com/coia/stcharles.htm

Address: 1 Kelvinside Gardens, Glasgow, Lanarkshire G20 6BG

More information and images at http://www.scotcities.com/coia/stcharles.htm http://www.glasgowarchitecture.co.uk/st‐charles‐borromeo‐church


GLENROTHES

SAINT PAUL’S ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH


Historic Scotland

A seminal example of modern church architecture, and one of Scotland's most significant post‐war churches, the first

to break with the traditional rectangular layout. St Paul's was the also the first church designed by the dynamic

partnership of Isi Metzstein and Andy MacMillan for the internationally renowned practice of Gillespie, Kidd & Coia.

The interior contains a notable altar cross and Madonna by Scotland's leading sculptor of the period, Benno Schotz.

In 1948 Glenrothes was designated a New Town under the New Towns (Scotland) Act. Provision for churches was

planned into the scheme and a Catholic place of worship was required for the projected influx of miners from the west

of Scotland who were expected to populate the town.

St Paul's opened on 30 June 1958 and uses a particularly innovative design which was achieved on the limited budget

of around 20,000 pounds for the church and presbytery. A projected circular plan church hall never built. The focus is

on light. The booklet St Paul's Church 50 Years quotes Isi Metzein of Gillespie, Kidd & Coia as follows, "The church at

Glenrothes was the first church of the new generation and was a significant change in direction. The concept, or basic

principle, is about light. We decided to place more emphasis on the grouping of people, near and around the altar.

There is also much more emphasis on simple construction methods and manipulated light, not from side windows but

mostly from top lighting of some sort. Generally the whole concept is very much simplified".

Rogerson notes that there was a further interest in communal worship and "liturgical renewal of the Catholic Church"

with the altar, bathed in light, placed against the east wall and the walls splayed to represent going out of the Gospel

to the world. However, the altar was moved away from the wall in accordance with directive of New Vatican Council

of mid 1970s.

Text by Historic Scotland at

http://data.historic‐scotland.gov.uk/pls/htmldb/f?p=2200:15:0::::BUILDING:10012

Address: Warout Road, Glenrothes, KY7 6ER

More information and images at http://www.scotlandschurchestrust.org.uk/church/st‐pauls‐church‐glenrothes http://www.scottishchurches.org.uk/sites/site/id/6655/name/St.+Paul%27s+Roman+Catholic+Church%2C+Glenrothes+Markinch+Fife


ARBROATH

ERSKINE CHURCH

Voigt Partnership Limited

The Listed Erskine Church in Arbroath was built in 1821 and operated as a Church until it closed in 1985.

The proposed conversion is to create small to medium size Office/Studio/Workshop spaces with shared

toilet, kitchen and sitting areas. The conservation of the main upper hall space respects both the existing

structure ceiling details that currently exist by providing an independent timber framed and glazed

structure within the existing building envelope – allowing a clear view of the all important existing

roof/ceiling structures.

Careful detailing of all structural elements and the repair and re‐use of key internal features will be

essential to the quality and conservation of the building, preserving its future for the next 100 years.

Text by Voigt Partnership Limited

Address: Commerce Street

Arbroath, Angus DD11 1WB Scotland


http://www.voigtpartnership.co.uk/project‐gallery/historic‐restoration/erskine‐church‐arbroath/


ST ANDREW´S

MARTYRS KIRK COMPLETION


Martyrs Kirk Reading Room. The project, commissioned by the University of St Andrews in December 2012, is located

at the heart of the University campus. The University took ownership of the building in November 2012, with the

proposal to convert the church into attractive reading and research rooms for the Faculty of Arts and Special

Collections.

The category B listed building will provide facilities exclusively for academics and postgraduate research students and

those wishing to view the university’s special collection of rare and early printed books, manuscripts, photographs and

institutional archive.


Address: University of St Andrews Library

North Street, St Andrews, KY16 9TR


http://pagepark.co.uk/news/martyrs‐kirk‐completion

http://www.scottishchurches.org.uk/sites/site/id/4721/name/Martyrs%27+Church+St+Andrews+and+St+Leonards+Fi

fe


DUNDEE

STEEPLE CHURCH


The Steeple Church is a category A‐listed 18th century church which forms part of the Dundee City Church grouping

including St Mary’s Tower (15th century) and St Mary’s Parish Church (18th century).

Simpson & Brown has been involved with the City Churches since the late 1980s implementing a series of external

repair works to all of the buildings.The Steeple Development Project, completed in 2012, involved the modernisation

of internal spaces of the church to facilitate modern worship and provide additional conference facilities.

Although scaled back from the original scheme the project centred around the refurbishment of the Sanctuary which

received new flooring, lighting, seating, staging and audio visual. The project also involved the refurbishment of two

upper levels to provide improved access with the insertion of a new lift.

As lead consultants Simpson & Brown worked with a range of consultants to coordinate extensive structural,

mechanical and electrical works with the bespoke joinery and refurbishment packages.

Text by Simpson & Brown Architects

Church Office

Address: The Steeple Church, Nethergate, Dundee DD1 4DG

More information and images at http://www.simpsonandbrown.co.uk/architecture/churches/steeple‐church‐dundee/


CARDROSS, ARGYLL AND BUTE

SAINT PETER’S ROMAN CATHOLIC SEMINARY


Historic Scotland

Determinedly modernist, brutalist and owing a huge debt to Le Corbusier, the seminary is widely considered to be one

of the most important examples of modernist architecture in Scotland. "The architecture of Le Corbusier translated

well into Scotland in the 1960s. Although the climate of the south of France and west of Scotland could hardly be

more different, Corbu's roughcast concrete style, could, in the right hands, be seen as a natural successor or

complement to traditional Scottish tower houses with their rugged forms and tough materials", wrote Jonathan

Glancey.

By the time it was completed in 1966 the number of candidates entering the priesthood had begun to decline. As a

result, the building never reached its full capacity of around 100 students. From the outset, the building was riddled

with problems, including maintenance difficulties with such a unique structure and significant water entry; the

architects and owners each blamed the other for these problems.

In February 1980, the buildings closed as a seminary. The Cardross site subsequently becoming a drug rehabilitation

centre. However maintenance problems with the modern buildings remained, and accommodation for the recovering

drug addicts centred mainly on the old Kilmahew House, which was in a better state of repair. The drug rehabilitation

centre closed by the end of the 1980s. In 1995, a fire so badly damaged Kilmahew House that it was deemed too

unsafe to stand and was demolished. The buildings were Category A listed by Historic Scotland in 1992, and in October

2005 was named as Scotland's greatest post‐WWII building by the architecture magazine .

Text by Wikipedia


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Seminary_(Cardross)

http://www.hiddenglasgow.com/StPeters/

http://www.historic‐scotland.gov.uk/index/news/indepth/stpeters/stpeters‐avantireport.htm

http://www.glasgowarchitecture.co.uk/cardross‐seminary

Avanti Architects

ERZ Landscape Architects

Marc Piqué Gascón

Arquitecte

Yeovil, 19 de gener de 2014

Documents

Viatge a Escòcia 2014 - coac.net€¦ · small group of innovative, sculptural compositions for the Church of Scotland which are emphatically modern in their conception. Text by