ta teat)Vatican Philatelic Society

VOLU1-iE XXX - No. 3 No v , - Dec. 1981

BLESSED JAN

On September 29, 1981 the Vatican issued two stamps commemorating thesixth centenary of the death of Blesse,l Jan Van Ruusbroec, a Flemish mystic.

One stamp's val ueis 200L- the other I s is 300L. The upper margin ofeach stamp as rds B. VAN RUUSBROEC; the lOwer ma shows thedates 1381- 98 and below the dates are the words POSTE VATlCANE. The par-ticular S '5 value is indicated in the righ margin, about a third of thew above the bottom f the stamp.

The LOOL cts the Blessed in his hermi writi his treatises onthe mystical life; the 300L shows a figure of Jan.

The sketches were engraved by Francesco Tulli.The stamps are vertical, measuring 30 x40 mm. with a 13~ x 14 perfor-

ation and are issued in sheets of 40. They are produced on white chalkypaper in multicolor printing, usiny both recess and offset, by the Poly-graphic Institute and Mint of the Italian State.

1, 100,000 complete series w€~e printed.

PRESIDENTFrancis E. WelchP.O. Box 500Conway, NH 03818

SECRETARYWallace R. Smith165-15 Union Tpk.Flushing, NY 11366

Official Bimonthly Organof the

VATICAN PHILATELIC SOCIETYOrg.1953

William M. Wickert, Sr., Editor3348 Clubhouse Road

Virginia Beach, VA 23452

I MEMBERSHIPMiss RI1a F. Murphy44 Beaver StreetFramingham, MA 01101

PONTIFICAL STATES

Rev. Floyd A. Jenkins, SJLoyola UniversityP.O. Box 45041Los Angeles, CA 90045

APPOINTED OFFICERS

PUBLICITY

Joseph Trent30 Prentice StreetWorcester, MA 01604

OFACERS

VICE PRESIDENTlawrence Slack3563 Bainbridge Ave.Bronx, NY 10467

TREASURERMiss Rita F. Murphy44 Beaver StreetFramingham, MA 01701

BACK ISSUES "NOTES"Cmdr. William L Melsaner27 lorraine StreetRoslindale, MA 02131

SLIDE PROGRAM

Antonio Paonessa1 Robert RoadDanvers, MA 01923

AUCTIONEER &.TRANSLATION SERVlCE

John Aleandri1422 Pine Island LaneCaI~ ~ral, FL 33904

INTa:YEAR of the DISABLED

On september 29, 1981 the Vatican released acommemoration of the Year of has

a value of 600 lire. The value is indicated in the stamp's lower cor-ner. Along the remainder of the bottom border are the words POSTE VATIC~.

The illustration reproduces thp official emblem of the InternationAlYear of the Disabled superimposed on a drape on which appears Christ's headcrowned with thorns.

The sketch was designed by Professor Giovanni Hajnal.The stamp measures 40 x 30 mm ~ith a 14 x 13~ perforation. Ther~:~e

40 stamps to a sheet. They are produced on a special white paper, in multi-color photogravure print, by the polygraphic Institute and Mint of the Ital-ian State.

1,100,000 stamps were printed.The issue was produced in response to the invitation of the Universal

PostalUl')ion concerning the United Nations' proclamation of 1981 as the Inter-national Year of the Disabled.

The hope of the U.N. proclamation is that the non-handicapped will be-come aware of the unique problems of the handicapped. At the same time. itis hoped that the reali~ation of the fact that even though a person is dis-abled. he or ahe is still often able to perform most tasks will come about •

. The Vatican' s stamp issue is intended to show the sufferings of Christ.ind.J.cating''his identification with the disabled.

f f •

VOLUME XXX - No. 3

28272828282928302831283228332834

MeMbeRship ..REpORT~rl of ~ IN adcfftu .h_ld be r~!)Of'U'd fO:

VAI.J.A::1 R. 1lII1TM. 111· 11 UtI•• TlIll, 'Inlll"" 1dY, 111M

NEW MEMBERS

Rev. Charles J. Murphy, 1410 Baxter Ave., ~uperior, Wi. 54880Raymond Spisak, 5831 Walnut St., Pittsburgh, Pas 15232David Littlejohn, School of Journalism, Univ. of Calif., Berkeley

Calif. 94720Phillip J. Simko, 40 Eugene Blvd., South Amboy, N.J. 08879David May. 109 David Drive, Nepean Ontario, Canada K2G 2N6Rev. Xavier Hayes C P 303 Tunxis Rd., W. Hartford. Ct. 06107Paul F. Moore, Route 7, Perryville, Mo. 63775Alice B. Cole, 706 W. Lancaster #11, Orlando, Fl. 32809

E "...,5 CHICAGOLAND CHAPTER - After the summerN v V Jholiday the regular meetings were re-sumed on Monday, September 28, 1981.

SOUTHERN WISCONSIN CHAPTER - The chap-te~ h~ld their first meeting and ap1cn1C on Sunday, September 13, 1981.

The was followed up by the regular October meeting on Sunday October4, 1981.

t 26th of this year,Castel Gandolfo, talestabl shment

ng Madonnapatriotism.

For more than 500 years Our Lady of Czestochowa has been a center ofinspiration for the Polish people. ijer story is a fascinating one. When thePaulite Fathers took possession of Jasna Gora, site of the monastery where'Our Lady is housed, in June 1382, a wooden church dedicated to Our Lady,Virgin and Mother, was already in existence. The first monks came from theChurch of St. Lawrence near Buda In Hungary, where the Paulite Order had arichly endowed monastery. The real beginning of Jasna Gora came with theappearance of the picture of Our Lady.

Careful study of recent documents in Poland discloses that the picturewas transferred to Jasna Gora in 1384, two years after the foundation of themonastery, by the Duke of Opole, Wladyslaw. A painting in the Knights' Hallat Jasna Gora shows the Duke placing the picture of Our Lady in the care ofthe monks. It is believed that the Duke acquired the picture in Ruthen1a,where it had been surrounded with great reverence and worshipped as a price-less relic connected wi the life of the Holy Fami True to Byzantine

See ~ ~ page 5

OUR LADY ofCzeSTOCHOWA

By LOIS LUNSFORD CORBIN

John Paulon the occas

ne of theto tourists and

the 599th anniver-

VOLUME XXX - No. 3 3

It is with heavy laden hearts that we announce the death of Mrs.Elodia V. Aleandri on september 26, 1981 in Cape Coral, Fla. at theage of 61. . d h d dEllie, as she was affectionally known to her many fr~en s, .ea ethe VPS Translation Dept. and in early 1979.too~ over the operat~onof the VPS Auction. Ellie was also very act~ve ~n the New York Chapteruntil she and John retired to Cape Coral. .,.

Last year it was my pleasure and great pr~v~l~ge to meet Ellieand spent some time in her company. She and John made my wife and Ifeel like old friends that had come to visit after an absence ofmany years. Ellie not only made you welcome in her home but she foundroom for you in her heart.

To know Ellie was to love her. She will be sorely missed by herfamily and her many friends.

MAY SHE REST IN PEACE

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH by Joseph TrentThe Prince of Flemish Mysticism, Jan Van Ruusbroec ( variations of the

name are Ruysbroecy., Ruisbroeck and Rusbroek), was born in Ruysbroeck, nearBrussels, in 1293.

Jan was born into a religious family. At the age of 11 he went toBrussels to live and study for the priesthood under the. tutelage of his uncle,John Hinckaert, a priest and canon of St. Gudula at Bruxelles. Jan was or-dained a priest in 1317 and was elected vicar of St Gudula.

From 1317 to 1349 Jan lived and taught in and around Brussels. He was agreat defender of the faith, especially t the of a group calledthe Brethren of Free whi person couldobtai no

r 5i .};

communiadopted the Rule of the Canons of Saint Victor, although they did not sur-render their personal independence. Jan was prior of the group.

At Groenendaal he composed many treatises on the spiritual life. Amongthese were The Spiritual Marriage, T~ Blazing Rock, The Seven Cloisters andThe Mirror of Eternal Salvation. It s.ould be noted that these works werewrItten in Middle Dutch at a time when Latin was almost always used whenwriting on Church and spiritual matters.

Perhaps the reason for Jan's w~ting in Middle Dutch was due to the timesin which he lived. During most of his life, the Low Countries witnessed anumber of heresies and questioning of Church doctrine. His greatest work ~Spiritual Espousals, was written in defense of orthodoxy. The Espousals mainthesis is that although man cannot become God, he must strive to attain theimage of God.

Blessed Jan died at Groenendaal on December 2 1381.

VOLUME XXX - ''0. 3

~ ~ continued from page 3tradition, the picture was rightly ornamented in gold and jewels of greatvalue. Why it was ultimately left at CZestochowa is unknown, but it is sus-pected that the Duke, banished to Opole by Kinq Wladyslaw Jagiello, wascarrying away his booty from Ruthenia: it may well be that fearing to losethe treasure and hoping to keep the major part of it for himself, he leftthe picture at Jasna Gora, where it was to remain.

Originally, the Paulite Fathers were a reclusive penitent order, butthe picture brought great changes to their way-of-life. It had been an orde~committed to seclusion: and long periods of contemplation, hours of silenceand severe penance, but within a few years the presence of Our Lady's pic-ture made Czestochowa one of the best known centers of pilgrimage in thewhole of Central Europe. The famous Polish historian Jan Dlugosz (Poland1228, 1964), wrote of Jasna Gora that it had become the goal of pilgrimagesfrom Silesia, Moravia, Hungary and Prussia. The monastery of Jasna Gora inCzestochowa rapidly became a rich and flourishing center of pilgrimaQ~.

Jan Dlugosz repeated the legend according to which the picture of OurLady was said to have been painted by saint Luke the Evangelist, that itwas painted on a board which had been the table-top at which the Holy Fam-ily worked and took their meals, and that the picture was painted in such a

fashion that the eyes follow the viewer in every direction.In 1430 an event of great importance in the history of the monastery

occurred - it was sacrilegious~y attacked during Holy Week and the pictureof Our Lady was taken from the high-altar, profaned and damaged with sabreslashes and sword thrusts. Responsible Dor the crime were Hussites fromBohemia and Moravia, led by the Volhynian prince Fedor Ostrogski. Apparentlya crime motivated by religious prejudice, there is reason to suspect thatthe real motive behind the crime was political.

The picture, seriously damaged, was taken to Cracow, where it was re-stored with a care and devotion not to be believed in medieval Poland. Thepicture was first displayed in the Cracow Town Hall, and placed in the careof the Council, so that it could "testify" against the parties guilty of thesacriliege. The painting had been very seriously damaged, and the story ofits restoration is an interesting one.

Ruthenian painters employed at the Court, according to contemporArysources, were the first to to restore it They made three unsuccessful

cuts and ses refused to take paint each time the paintNext, of the Habsburg Court were summoned by

their however, succeeded the thirdtored After the new

returnedtal over the high-altar in the Chapel of Our Lady.

As a work of art, the picture of Our Lady still contains elements ofmystrey, des~ite two modern examina~ionB by conservation experts. Aftertwo restor~t~ons and thorough expert examinations of the picture carriedout at an ~nterval of 25-years (1925-26 by Prof. Jan Rutkowski: 1948-52,?y Prof. Rudolf Kozlowski), basic questions remian: Is the painting Ital-~an or Byz~ntine-Kievan1 Is it an original 13th-14th century painting or awork d~ne ~n Cracow after 14301 Was it a gift of the Angevin dynasty or aRuthenlan trophy of D~ke Wladyslaw of Opole? Research is only beginning:modern rese~rch techn~queB may one day unravel the whole story.

AccordIng to the theory of Professor Kozlowski, the original attemptsat r7storation were doomed to failure because the tempera paints in commonuse In 1434 would not hold on the wax paints of the original. He believeat~at the anonymous Imper made a faithful copy of the original.Wi th the t attention to , which what waB left of the

nal silk canvas was scraped off, and the board planed down and re-with a frame. their painting was fitted back on the

See .2!!! LADY page 6

5

~ ~ continued from page 5original board. The efforts to preserve the original board stem from thevery special role that the Jasna Gora picture played in the cult of Mary.This was not just a painting of Our Lady, but according to tradition, arelic connected with Her life on earth. This table-board from Nazareth wasone of the most venerated relics in Christian Europe.

The painting itself, of course, was copied with the most meticulouscare. To perpetuate the memory of the sacrilegious attempt to destroy it,two cuts were scored on the right cheek of Our Lady's face, and these fill-.a with red paint. The most unusual aspect of this pictures painted in the1430's is that it combines ancient-Christian and Byzantine characteristicswith a 14th century style of painting. Apart from its importance as an objectof the cult, the picture of Our Lady of Czestochowa is a magnificent exampleof the Gothic school of painting in Poland.

It was probably on the occasion of its restoration under King Jagiello(see Poland 322 and 1230) that the picture was given the form of a triptych.The two closing wings were painted with likenesses of Saints Catherine andBarbara. The original Late-Gothic Chapel was given a star-vaulted ceilingat the beginning of the 16th century, and became a presbytery. After 1600the setting around the picture was again changed, the original Gothic trip-tych was replaced by a Late-Renaissance gilded altar retable. After a timethis retable was considered too modest for the picture, which had constantlywon growing veneration. In 1650, Jerzy Ossolinski, Grand Chancellor of theCrown, endowed the chapel with the magnificent altar-piece seen there today.Considered one of the best examples of 17th century Baroque in Poland, thealtar is of wooden construction, lined in ebony veneer. In 1673, a magnif-icent silver covering in repousse silver was made for the picture,represent-ing the dogma of the Immaculate Conception. To this day it is ceremoniouslyraised to the sound of fanfares, usually during religious services only. Thefinal decorative element which came to add splendor to the retable was asilver antependium, especially made for the coronation of the picture in 1717:it shows a contemporary view of Jasna Gora as a symbolic stronghold of DivinePower.

The ornaments of the Picture ofvalue they are not only a celess

IeOur Lady of Czestochowa are of enormouscollection of offerings, but also

the orn-

5 ~ntur Necklaces,were fixed on the boardmost completely hidden byside of the altar as moreceived.

The robes took on their present aspect in the second ha~f of the 17thcentury, when the jewels were fixed on to a stiff velvet material. which wascut in a shape to fit the outline-of the figures of the Madonna and Child.Because velvet is not a lasting material, the robes had to be altered fromtime to time, and each time the jewelry was sewn back on in a different pat-tern, with new pieces occasionally added. Each of the robes is known by adifferent name: the most valuable are the Diamond and the Ruby robes. Thejewel dates from between the late 15th and the end of the 19th century,the st pieces Gothic. Some of the originated in Hungary.Western and the East, the are y the work of Polish jewel-ers The Diamond Robe late Gothic ornament, with a figure of Christcarrying the Cross against a background of vine and a sash with thename of Mary embroider~d on it. The Ruby Robe, Patrona Hungariae. has lateRenaissance ornaments from the mid-16th century, representing the Madonna and

See ~ ~ page 7

brooches sepicture, and at times the figures were al-

jewelry. Special caginets were placed on eitherand more of the precious votive offerings were re-

VOLUME XXX - NO. 36

A VERY MERRy CHRISTMAS AND A HAPPy AND PROPEROUS NEW YEAR from allOfficers of the Vatican Philatelic Society.

TJ1AT

**************************

We wish to thank VPS member -Lois Lunsford Corbin for her ex-cellent article on Our Lady of Czestochowa. We look forward to moreof the same in the future.

**************************

"VATICAN NOTES" BACK ISSUESA reminder that back issues of the NOTES, from VOLUME IV - No.

e up to the current issue, are available. The price is 35¢ per copyplus SO¢ on orders of from one to three copies for postage. Ordersof four to six copies add $1.00 for postage. Send orders to Cmdr.William L. Meissner, 27 Lorraine Street, Roslindale, MA 02131.

**************************We to express our deepest sympathy to John Aleandri. We

thank John for taking over ope of the VPsat~on service. John says he will able

service in Italian and Latin John com-certain ties

A TTENTION MEMBER DEALERS

Your pricelists, bulletins, publication.,auction catalogs etc. etc , , will bementioned in the NOTES if the Editor ill

io1ormed or placed on your mailing list.

JYoP.5. AUCTiON

OUR LADY continued from page 6Child, and is of Transylvanian workmanship.

Our Lady of Czestochowa was depict~d philatelically by the Vatican in56 (Scott 216-218), in an issue designed to commemorate the 300th anniver-

of the proclamation of the Madonna as "Queen of Polando~ To commemorateanniversary of the adoption of Christianity in Poland 1967,

Brazil showed the Black Madonna of Czestochowa. together with PolishEagle and Cross on Scott 1034.

• 3 7

FRANK COPPOLAP. O. BOX 745

STERLING HTS .• MICH. 48077

MEMBER ASOA - APS

WE BUY AND SELL

VATICAN CITY

ALSO

ITALY, ITALIAN COLONIES,SAN ~ARINO, OLD ITALIANSTA TES. TRIESTE A .<Uill

TRIESTE B, EUROPA (cept)AND ALL EUROPA's RELATED

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a figures offigures

•.• SOLD!

TO THE HIGHEST BIDDER

Participate in our A UC TrONS. an ex-cellent way to dispose of your duplicatesor to acquire that certain item you a I-w a y e wanted but feU was out Q{ yourreach. Give it a tryl The results maysurprise you,

VOLUME XXX - No. 3

PONTiFicAL

•STA

lEV. FLOYD A.. J.ENKINS, 1J, OIl,i""Oft

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P...,,.c1 by FREDERICK J. LEVITSKY

FORGERY OF THE 8 BAJ. (8 Baj. #7)

Attributed to Sartori, 1869. (From illustration in German journal.)

1. Incorrect style letters in FRANCO BOLLO FOSTALE.2. Cross missing at top of tiara.3. Key handle openings are too small.L. Decorative border appears cut off like wood cut.~. Dividing lines form rectangle.6. Entire design is much thicker anj heavier than original.

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THE GENUINE 8 B!'J.

1. Letters in FRANCO OOILO roSTALE are thinner with serifs.2. Cross is located at top of tiara.3. Key handle s have large openings.4. Decorative border much thinner with many inner markings being complete circles.5. Horizont~l and vertical dividing lines do not intersect.6. Entire design has thin and lighter lines.

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MAil BID SHEETAUCTION SAL! He. .37Closing Dot. Jan. 20, 1982Mr. John AleandriV.P.S luetin Dept.1422 Pi nt I Sl~lld LueC~pt Cor~t. FL 33904

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VOLUME XXX - No. 3 ~