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Vastu shastra

Vastu shastra (vāstu śāstr a , also vastu veda and vastuvidya , "science of construction",

"architecture") is an ancient doctrine which consists of precepts born out of a traditional and archaicview on how the laws of nature affect human dwellings .[1] The designs are basedon directional alignments. It is primarily applied in Hindu architecture, especially for Hindu temples, although it covers other domains, including vehicles, vessels, furnture, sculpture, etc. The foundationof Vastu is traditionally ascribed to the mythical sage Mamuni Mayan (Mahaa-muni Maya, adaanava/demon reformed by tapasyaa/austerities) in South and Vishvakarman in North India.

While Vastu had long been essentially restricted to temple architecture, there has been a revival of itin India, in recent decades, notably under the influence of late V. Ganapati Sthapati, who has beencampaigning for a restoration of the tradition in modern Indian society since the 1960s.

While the fields are related, Shilpa Shastra explicitly deal with sculpture – forms, statues, icons, stone

murals etc. The doctrine of Vastu Shastra is concerned primarily with architecture – building houses,forts, temples, apartments and other buildings.

Terminology

The Sanskrit word vastu means a dwelling or house with a corresponding plot ofland .[2] The vrddhi, vāstu , takes the meaning of "the site or foundation of a house, site, ground,building or dwelling-place, habitation, homestead, house". The underlying root is vas "to dwell, live,stay, abide" .[3] The term shastra may loosely be translated as "science, doctrine, teaching". Besides,some say that Vastu was one of the greatest architect and town planning expert ever produced byIndia who lived 2000 years ago. The king would send him for planning and establishing a town. Thisconcept of Vastu is not highlighted anywhere.

Fundamental concepts

There are many principles in Vaastu Shastra. To mention a few which involve certain mathematicalcalculations, Maana is used for proportional relationships in a building and Aayaadi specifiesconditions for maximum well being and benefits for the residents of a building. Below are some of thebasic theories in vaastu sastra.

Five elements According to vastu sastra, the world comprises five basic elements known as the pancha mahabhoota . Out of the eight planets, ours has life because of the presence and balance of these fiveelements. The five elements are as follows.

EARTH (Bhumi) - Earth, the third planet in order from the sun, is a big magnet with North and Southpoles as centers of attractions. Its magnetic field and gravitational force has considerable effects oneverything on the Earth, living and non-living.

WATER (Jala) - This is represented by rain, river, sea and is in the form of liquid, solid (ice) and gas(steam, cloud). It forms part of every plant and animal. Our blood is mostly water.

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The Vastu Purusha is the presiding deity of any site. Usually he is depicted as lying on it with thehead in the northeast and legs in the southwest but he keeps changing position throughout the year.

Vastu shastra prescribes desirable characteristics for sites and buildings based on flow of energy

called Vaastu Purusha. The morning sun is considered especially beneficial and purifying howeverthe sun does not play a specific role in the Vaastu shastras. In fact it is not mentioned in the texts.None of the heavenly bodies are mentioned in the Vaastu Shastras hence they are not considered inthe proper application of Vaastu principles.

Energy is primarily considered as emanating from the center of the building. Many people believe thatit comes from the North East corner but in fact it comes from the Brahmasthan or center of thebuilding. It originates from subtle earth energy called Vaastu Purusha and subtle cosmic energy(Unified Field) called Vastu Purusha which meet in the center of the building and then spread outwardin all directions. these two energies unite and form the five elements which then distribute in the forcorner zones. (see Fabric of The Universe: The Origins, Implications, and Applications of Vastu

Science and Vaastu Technology)While many people think that "Vaastu energy" is emanating from the North East, that is amisunderstanding. People also attempt to equate the energy of the house with the planets. That isanother misconception. Vaastu energy emanates from the central part of the house (Brahmasthan)and not from the east. (Pranava Veda and Vaastu Shastras). This energy is a mixture of Vaastuenergy, which is subtle energy from the earth, and Vastu energy which is subtle energy fromConsciousness itself. (See Fabric of the Universe: The Origins, Implications, and Applications ofVastu Science and Vaastu Technology by Dr. Jessie Mercay). Many assumptions are made aboutVaastu Science that are completely untrue. From these assumptions people have made up ways to"correct vaastu" by selling yantras, crystals etc. for that purpose. This is completely innapropriate as

there is nowhere in the Vaastu Shastras that indicates that any of these devices can correct faultyVaastu. Once a person becomes educated in Vaastu Shastra by an authentic Shilpi Guru (teacher ofVaastu shastras) then it becomes clear that these ideas are erroneous.

Mandala types and properties

Mahapitha Mandala

The central area in all mandala is the Brahmasthana. Mandala "circle-circumference" or "completion",is a concentric diagram having spiritual and ritual significance in both Buddhism and Hinduism. The

space occupied by it varies in different mandala – in Pitha (9) and Upapitha (25) it occupies onesquare module, in Mahaapitha (16), Ugrapitha (36) and Manduka (64), four square modules and

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in Sthandila (49) and Paramasaayika (81), nine square modules. The Pitha is an amplifiedPrithvimandala in which, according to some texts, the central space is occupied by earth. TheSthandila mandala is used in a concentric manner.

The most important mandala are the Paramasaayika Mandala of 81 squares and especially the

Manduka/ Chandita Mandala of 64 squares. The normal position of the Vastu Purusha (head in thenortheast, legs in the southwest) is as depicted in the Paramasaayika Mandala. However, in theManduka Mandala the Vastu Purusha is depicted with the head facing east and the feet facing west.

An important aspect of the mandala is that when divided into an odd number of squares, or ayugma ,its center is constituted by one module or pada and when divided into an even number of squaresor yugma , its center is constituted by a point formed by the intersection of the two perpendicularcentral lines. In spatial terms, the former is sakala or manifest/ morphic and the latter is nishkala orunmanifest/ amorphous.