VADOSE ZONE ASSESSMENT: importance, equipment ...warbo-life.eu/sites/default/files/documprivati/LNEC WP5.pdf · LNEC Nov. 2006) 2 – Carreiros test site (2 Infiltration basins in

WP5 PORTUGUESE CASE STUDY AREA

CAMPINA DE FARO AQUIFER

SYSTEM

Artificial Recharge experiments

during fourth semester

GABARDINE Project

Fifth Consortium Meeting

October 18-20, 2007

Thessaloniki - Greece

ARTIFICIAL AQUIFER RECHARGE EXPERIMENTS

IN THE PORTUGUESE CAMPINA DE FARO

CASE-STUDY AREA

Catarina DIAMANTINO, PhD candidate at LNEC

João Paulo LOBO-FERREIRA, Dr.-Ing. Habil.

Teresa LEITÃO, PhD

XXXV IAH CONGRESS, 17- 21 September 2007

INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF HYDROGEOLOGISTS

National Laboratory for Civil Engineering

Groundwater Division

Lisbon, PORTUGAL

www.dha.lnec.pt/nas


Oct. 18-20, 2007 Thessaloniki - Greece

… in the Third Consortium Meeting

in Barcelona, March 2007




In Campina de Faro Test site

3 case study areas

1 – Conceição test site

(Workshop on GW Assessment Methods,

LNEC Nov. 2006)

2 – Carreiros test site

(2 Infiltration basins in the river bed)

3 – Areal Gordo test site

(3 Infiltration basins and injection tests

using 2 large diameter wells,

5m and 0.5m)

2

3

1



Field experiments

in Campina de Faro Test site

Concluded experiments (Mar. 2007)

1 – Geophysical assessment at Conceição test site

2 – GW infiltration rate assessment of Areal Gordo test site

Basin 1 (-6 m): Infiltration test in 2nd layer, incl. LNEC4 well monitoring

3 – GW infiltration rate assessment of Areal Gordo test site

Basin 2 (-8 m): Infiltration basin in 3rd layer, incl. LNEC4 well monitoring

4 – Vadose zone (3 depths levels) + saturated zone (LNEC4 well) tracer test for transport

modeling parameter assessment in the 2nd layer of Areal Gordo test site

5 – 5 m diameter injection well tests in Areal Gordo, LNEC5 well monitoring

6 – 0.5 m diameter injection well tests in Areal Gordo, LNEC6 well monitoring

7 – GW quality and quantity assessment of unconfined + confined aquifer in Carreiros

test site: Infiltration basins inside river bed, Winter time (i.e. no irrigation period), Dec. 2006 -

Mar. 2007:

- LNEC1 + LNEC2 wells for the unconfined aquifer

- LNEC3 well for the confined aquifer



Field experiments

in Campina de Faro Test site

On going experiments

1 – GW quality and quantity assessment in unconfined/confined aquifer in Carreiros

test site: Infiltration basins in the river bed, Spring time (irrigation period), Mar. 2007 - May

2007

2 – GW quality and quantity monitoring in unconfined in Areal Gordo test site

LNEC5 well (Mar. 2007 - …)

3 – Laboratory soil-column tests + grain size tests + GW chemical analysis of major

elements + transport modelling parameter assessment with tracer tests, …

Programmed experiments

1 – Regional GW quality and quantity monitoring assessment (Apr. 2007)

2 – Tracer tests in Carreiros test site for infiltration rate assessment (May 2007)

3 – Spring time geophysical assessment of Carreiros test site (Apr./May 2007)

4 – Regional GW quality and quantity monitoring assessment (Oct. 2007)



… in the Third Consortium Meeting

in Barcelona, March 2007


during third semester …



SUMMARY OF FIELD EXPERIMENTS

IN CAMPINA DE FARO TEST SITE

2B) Areal Gordo test site

Injection test in

medium diameter well

1) Areal Gordo test site

3 Infiltration basins

3) Carreiros test site

2 Infiltration basins

in the river bed

2A) Areal Gordo test site

Injection tests in large

diameter well “nora”



FIELD EXPERIMENTS OVERVIEW

(concluded in March 2007)

Methodology

infiltrations tests in basins

injection well tests

tracer tests in situ

geophysical assessment

In the lab:

laboratory soil-column tests

grain size analysis

Field structures

infiltrations basins with different

depths

monitoring wells with continuous

records

large and medium diameter

wells

Monitoring equipment

multi-parameter sensors for

water quality and piezometric level

records (Troll 9500 from In Situ)

meter rules

teflon cups

flow meter

pressure sensor pneumatic

gauge for river water levels

Purpose

groundwater / vadose zone

transport model parameters:

infiltration rates, seepage velocity,

Darcy velocity, permeability,

porosity, soil bulk density



Vertical profile of geologic

materials in Areal Gordo

monitoring well

5

7

11.5

24

Fine yellow

sands

(Miocene)

Red clayed

sands (Plio-

Quaternary)

Brown sands

Vadose z

one

Satu

rate

d z

one

Basin 1

Basin 2

Basin 3

INFILTRATION PONDS

3 infiltration ponds with different depths - Infiltration rates in 3 types of sandy layers

Source of water for AR - nearby well opened in the deep confined aquifer

Infiltration test methodology : • maintain the water level in the basin (1 m depth)

• measure the inflow rate to the basin

• calculate infiltration rate by dividing the basin area by the

change in the water level registered during a time interval

• continuous piezometric level recording

Infiltration test results: Layer 1 = infiltration rates negligible: ca. 4 cm/day

similar to evaporation losses in the pond

Layer 2 = very small infiltration rates: 6.4 cm/day

i.e. 5 m3/day for an infiltration area of 82 m2

Layer 3 = good infiltration rates: 1.52 m/day


Basin 1

2 m depth

Basin 2

6 m depth

Basin 3

8 m depth

1) ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE EXPERIMENTS IN

AREAL GORDO



Infiltration test results for Layer 3 = 1.52 m/day


Method:

Basin 3

Teflon cups

20 cm 60 cm

20 cm 100 cm

20 cm 60 cm

Tracer test

Maintaining the water level in the basin an injection of NaCl tracer was done

The amount of salt was calculated to make the tracer 10 x the background

level of 160 mg/l (100 kg/ 61 m3).

Detection of the tracer arrival to the teflon cups was done for 3 spots and 2 depths

Detection of the tracer arrival at a 6.5m distance monitoring well

Monitoring well


AREAL GORDO

INFILTRATION PONDS



ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE / INFILTRATION POND IN THE SECOND LAYER

Water level variations (m) in Basin1 and Flow discharge versus infiltration periods

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

13-Fev 00:00 13-Fev 12:00 14-Fev 00:00 14-Fev 12:00 15-Fev 00:00 15-Fev 12:00 16-Fev 00:00 16-Fev 12:00 17-Fev 00:00

H observed

H measured

Flow discharge

Average Infiltration rate = 6.4 cm/d

ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE TRACER TEST - FARO, PORTUGAL

Electrical conductivity variation in the vadose zone

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

A 20 cm A 60 cm B 20 cm B 60 cm C 20 cm C 100 cm

mS

/cm

28/02/2007 18:00 (27/2) a 9:0028/02/2007 9:00 a 15:0028/02/2007 15:00 a 16:2528/02/2007 16:25 a 17:1528/02/2007 17:15 a 18:0501/03/2007 18:05 (28/2) a 8:3001/03/2007 8:30 a 11:0001/03/2007 11:00 a 13:3001/03/2007 13:30 a 17:0002/03/2007 17:00 (1/3) a 8:3002/03/2007 8:30 a 11:3002/03/2007 11:30 a 13:3002/03/2007 13:30 a 16:3003/03/2007 16:30 (2/3) a 10:2003/03/2007 10:20 a 19:0004/03/2007 19:00 (3/3) a 16:4506/03/2007 16:45 (4/3) a 14:0007/03/2007 14:00 (6/3) 16:45

Arrival to cup 100 cm=17.5 hours

Vs = 1.37 m/d

K = VD/i = (Vs x ne)/i

(1.37 x 0.35)/0.9

K = 0.53 m/d

Results

ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE TRACER TEST - FARO, PORTUGAL

Chloride variations in LNEC 4 well (ppm)

9.2

9.4

9.6

9.8

10

10.2

10.4

10.6

10.8

0-1-00 0:00 22-6-05 0:00 13-12-10 0:00 4-6-16 0:00 25-11-21 0:00 18-5-27 0:00 7-11-32 0:00

2007/02/28; 14:55

Tracer input

2007/02/28; 8:50

AR beginning

28/2

15h

1/3

0h

2/3

0h

3/3

0h

4/3

0h

5/3

0h

6/3

0h

Arrival to the well LNEC 4 = 70 hours Up to 1.5 m in the vadose zone +

+ 6.5 m distance in the aquifer Vs = 1.37 m/d

K = 0.21 m/d


AREAL GORDO

INFILTRATION PONDS



Granulometry from soil samples from Areal Gordo

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100Diameter mm

% o

f w

eig

ht passed

Red sands Basin 1

Brow n sands - Basin 1

Brow n sands - Basin 2

Yellow sands Basin 3

Yellow sands LNEC4

Yellow sands LNEC5

clay | silt | sand | gravel

sedimentation | sieving analysis

Results from in situ tests

Soil type and

reference

Effective

Porosity

ne

Soil bulk density

g/cm3

Darcy velocity

(Vd) m/day

Seepage velocity

(Vs) m/day

Permeability Hazen

formula m/day

Red sands - Basin1 (depth 3m) 0.23 1.44 0.04 0.16 --

Brown sands - Basin2 (depth 6m) 0.39 1.52 0.07 0.18 --

Yellow sands - Basin3 (depth 8m) 0.35 1.50 2.71 7.78 5.5

Results from soil-column laboratory tests / grain size curves

Infiltration

basin

Depth

m

Lithologic

formations

Area

m2

Infiltration rate

m/day

Seepage velocity

(Vs) m/day

Permeability (K) m/d

K = Vd/i = (Vsn)/i

1 2 Red clayed sands (Q) large pond < 0.04 -- --

2 6 Brown sands (Q) 82 0.064 -- --

3 8 Yellow sands (Q) 61 1.52 1.37 – 2.74 0.21 – 0.53


AREAL GORDO

INFILTRATION PONDS



2B) Medium diameter well (0.5 meters)

Area = 20 m2

Depth to water table =19 m

Available volume = 373 m3

Well depth =24 m

2A) Large diameter well (5 meters) “Nora”

3 injections tests (4h, 7h and 50 h)

constant discharge (20m3/h)

assessment of the

infiltration rate

INJECTION TESTS


AREAL GORDO



Area = 20 m2

Depth to water table =19 m

Available volume = 373 m3

Well depth =24 m

2A) Large diameter well (5 meters) “Nora”

3 injections tests (4h, 7h and 50 h)

constant discharge (20m3/h)

As expected, it was concluded that increments in the infiltration rate are

strongly connected to the increase in the water column inside the well.

ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE / INJECTION IN LARGE DIAMETER WELL

Depth to water table (meters) in injection well

0

5

10

15

20

05-Mar

00:00

06-Mar

00:00

07-Mar

00:00

08-Mar

00:00

09-Mar

00:00

10-Mar

00:00

11-Mar

00:00

12-Mar

00:00

13-Mar

00:00

14-Mar

00:00

15-Mar

00:00

Recorded values

Observed values

Injection periods

1st test (4h)

Qi = 20m3/hour

Infiltration rate = 0.25 m/d

2nd test (143h, 6 days)

Qi = 20m3/hour

Infiltration rate = 1.18 m/d

Infiltration rates varies with the

water column inside the well

maximum value of 24.5 m/day

was assessed when the water

level stabilized near the surface,

i.e. 500 m3/day for an infiltration

area of 20 m2 with an infiltration

head of 17 m.

INJECTION TESTS


AREAL GORDO



ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE EXPERIMENTS IN

CARREIROS TEST SITE, using small infiltration ponds in the river bed

Basins characteristics: unconfined sandy aquifer

Area = 20m (L) x 5m (L) x 5m (D) = 100 m2

Available volume = 2 x 363 m3

Monitoring Equipment: 3 multiparametric sensors

Pressure sensor pneumatic gauge for river water levels



Objective:

1) assess the effectiveness of this type of

AR structures for river water infiltration

2) asses groundwater quality and quantity effects

in confined/unconfined aquifers

Tracer tests for gw recharge rates and

mass transport parameters assess (May /2007)

2 infiltration basins in the river bed filled with clean gravels +

3 monitoring wells (unconfined/confined aquifers)

Source of water for AR - river water

Spring time

Winter time

INFILTRATION BASINS (Dec. 2006 - Mar. 2007)


CARREIROS TEST SITE



CARREIROS TEST SITE

Out-Nov/2006

Construction of 2 infiltration

structures in the river bed with 20 m

length and 7 m depth, each and

filled with clean gravels.

Source of water for AR – surface

water from the river during floods

3 monitoring wells

Desing of two infiltration ponds and monitoring wells in the Rio Seco river bed

Vertical section

0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0 22.5 25.0 27.5 30.0 32.5 35.0 37.5 40.0 42.5 45.0 47.5

NORTH

2.5 m 2.5 m 2.5 m

L2 L1

Horizontal section

0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 15.0 17.5 20.0 22.5 25.0 27.5 30.0 32.5 35.0 37.5 40.0 42.5 45.0 47.5

NORTH

2.5 m 2.5 m 2.5 m 2.5 m

river edge

0.5 0.51

1.5

2 L3 L12.5

3

3.5 L2

4 0.5

river edge

2.5 m 2.5 m 2.5 m 2.5 m

surface water flow direction N-S

Legend:

L1 Monitoring well LNEC1 (13 m depth) Distance between LNEC1 and LNEC2 = 25 meters

L2 Monitoring well LNEC2 (20 m depth) Distance between ponds and monitoring wells = 2.5 meters

L3 Monitoring well LNEC3 (41 m depth) Distance between the two ponds = 5 meters

Depth of the ponds = 7.5 meters

SOUTH

vertical scale

(m)

SOUTH

- -

- -

- r

ive

r b

ed

-

- -

- -

horizontal scale (m)

Infiltration pond 1 Infiltration pond 2

20 m 20 m

2.5

7.55.0

7.5

15 m

12.5

15.0

10.0 5 m 15 m 5 m

17.5

20.0

horizontal scale (m)

vertical

scale

(m)

3Bacia 2

- -

- -

- r

ive

r b

ed

-

- -

- -

15 m 15 m

5

20 m 20 m

5 m

INFILTRATION POND 2INFILTRATION POND 1



NO3 concentrations (mg/l) - Rio Seco -Carreiros

P8-Ribeiros

LNEC1

LNEC2

LNEC3

P19-Amadeu

P8-Ribeiros

Rio

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

2-

Set

10-

Set

18-

Set

26-

Set

4-

Out

12-

Out

20-

Out

28-

Out

5-

Nov

13-

Nov

21-

Nov

29-

Nov

7-

Dez

15-

Dez

23-

Dez

31-

Dez

8-

Jan

16-

Jan

24-

Jan

1-

Fev

NO

3

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Pre

cip

itação d

iária m

m

Precipitação diária (mm) -

SÃO BRÁS DE ALPORTEL Piezometric levels tend to increase during

the rainy months of Nov/Dec. 2006, when

surface runoff infiltrates in basins.

Nitrates concentrations strongly decreased

in the same period and tend to get closer to

the nitrate quality value of the river water.

An infiltration rate of about 120 m3/day

(more precisely 5 m3/h) was measured at

the southern basin that has an area of

about 100 m2. Per m2 the infiltration

measured was about 2 m/day.

This is a relevant result regarding the achievements

of Gabardine objectives on the rehabilitation of the

polluted unconfined aquifer of Campina de Faro.


CARREIROS TEST SITE

Results



CONCLUSIONS of the experiments concluded

during the third semester

Several in situ artificial recharge experiments and laboratory tests were performed in a

selected area of the Campina de Faro aquifer system.

The comparison of different lithologic materials in situ and in the lab, and the assessment

of AR efficiency allowed data gathering regarding performances (on rates of infiltrations) and

the adequacies of the different techniques for different geological layers.

- The in situ experiences confirmed very favorable rates of infiltration in yellow sands,

specially in the large diameter well (“nora”) experiment. Infiltration rates were as high as

24 m/day, i.e. 500 m3/day for an infiltration area of 20 m2 with an infiltration head of 17 m.

- For the river bed infiltration basin a maximum infiltration rate of 1.5 m/day was measured,

i.e. 120 m3/day for an infiltration area of 100 m2 with an infiltration water head of ca. 4.5 m.

The aim of all these experiments was to improve the knowledge on real case studies

application of different AR methodologies to assess the parameters required by Gabardine

project decision support system.

Later tasks include the development of an optimization model that will incorporate as

restrictions and for parameters of the objective function the evaluated values. The application

will allow the selection of the most appropriate AR techniques aiming the maximization of

groundwater quality improvement, while minimizing global cost.




during fourth semester

(March – Oct. 2007)

Fourth Consortium Meeting

in Thessaloniki, October 2007



CARREIROS TEST SITE Infiltration rate assessment in one infiltration pond in the river bed

May 2-11, 2007

Date Time (h)

Hidraulic

pressure (m)

infiltration rate

(cm/h)

infiltration rate

(m/d)

3-4; 7-8 May 12.6 3.54 7.53 1.81

4-7 May 63 0.90 5.70 1.36

11-18 May 168 0 2.75 0.66

Small monitoring well for

water levels and electric

conductivity recording

installed inside the pond

Empty and filled with water infiltration pond



CARREIROS TEST SITE Tracer test in one infiltration pond in the river bed

May 8-11, 2007

May 8 – NaCl tracer spread in the pond surface

Water spreading uniformly in the pond surface

Piezometric levels, electric conductivity, Cl and

NO3 concentrations measured every minute in the

monitoring probes installed in LNEC1

source of water for the tracer experiment extracted

from the confine aquifer (LNEC3)



CARREIROS TEST SITE Tracer test in one infiltration pond in the river bed

Results of the tracer test recorded in well LNEC1

2 - 18, May 2007

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

2

09

2

21

3

09

3

21

4

09

4

21

5

09

5

21

6

09

6

21

7

09

7

21

8

09

8

21

9

09

9

21

10

09

10

21

11

09

11

21

12

09

12

21

13

09

13

21

14

09

14

21

15

09

15

21

16

09

16

21

17

09

17

21

18

09

day/hour

Ele

ctr

ic c

onductiv

ity (

us/c

m)

Cl a

nd N

O3 (

ppm

)

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Depth

to w

ate

r ta

ble

(m

)

Conductivity (us/cm)

Cl (ppm)

NO3 (ppm)

Depth to water table (m) obs.

Depth to water table (m)

Results



Daily precipitation in São Brás de Alportel (17/05 - 23/09)

7.7

16.4

5.6 5.1

47.6

5.5

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

17-05 25-05 02-06 10-06 18-06 26-06 04-07 12-07 20-07 28-07 05-08 13-08 21-08 29-08 06-09 14-09 22-09

Day / month

Dai

ly p

reci

pit

atio

n (

mm

)

CARREIROS TEST SITE

… after the tarcer test in the one infiltration pond

in the river bed

Stream flow station of Coiro da Burra - Average daily discharge (m3/s)

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

17-05 25-05 02-06 10-06 18-06 26-06 04-07 12-07 20-07 28-07 05-08 13-08 21-08 29-08 06-09 14-09 22-09

Days / Month

Avera

ge d

ail

y d

isch

arg

e (

m3/s

)



Results after the tracer test recorded in well LNEC1

May 18 to September 23, 2007

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

17-05 25-05 2-06 10-06 18-06 26-06 4-07 12-07 20-07 28-07 5-08 13-08 21-08 29-08 6-09 14-09 22-09

day / month

Ele

ctr

ic c

onductiv

ity (

us/c

m)

Cl a

nd N

O3 (

ppm

)

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

11.0

12.0

Depth

to w

ate

r ta

ble

(m

)


Cl (ppm)

NO3 (ppm)


CARREIROS TEST SITE … natural flash floods tracer tests measured at LNEC 1

Daily precipitation in São Brás de Alportel (17/05 - 23/09)

7.7

16.4

5.6 5.1

47.6

5.5

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

17-05 25-05 02-06 10-06 18-06 26-06 04-07 12-07 20-07 28-07 05-08 13-08 21-08 29-08 06-09 14-09 22-09

Day / month

Daily pr

ecipitati

on (mm

)Daily precipitation

(São Brás de Alportel)

53 mm Aug 25-26

5 mm Sep 14

Stream flow station of Coiro da Burra - Average daily discharge (m3/s)

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

17-05 25-05 02-06 10-06 18-06 26-06 04-07 12-07 20-07 28-07 05-08 13-08 21-08 29-08 06-09 14-09 22-09

Days / Month

Averag

e daily

discha

rge (m

3/s)

Prec.

Flash

flood



CARREIROS TEST SITE Quality improvements in the unconfined aquifer

at the Rio Seco river bed (August 20 to September 20, 2007)

Results recorded in well LNEC1 after the first floods in the river bed

August 20 to September 23, 20070.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00

9.0021-07 29-07 6-08 14-08 22-08 30-08 7-09 15-09 23-09

day / month

Depth

to the w

ate

r ta

ble

(m

)


Results recorded in well LNEC1 after the first floods in the river bed

August 20 to September 23, 2007

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

21-07 29-07 6-08 14-08 22-08 30-08 7-09 15-09 23-09

day / month

Ele

ctr

ic c

onductiv

ity (

us/c

m)

Cl (

ppm

)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

NO

3 (

ppm

)


Cl (ppm)

NO3 (ppm)



CARREIROS TEST SITE Natural groundwater velocity ClNa tracer experiment

(May, 18 to August, 20) at the Rio Seco river bed

Results after the tracer test recorded in well LNEC1

May 18 to August 20, 2007

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

17-05 21-05 25-05 29-05 2-06 6-06 10-06 14-06 18-06 22-06 26-06 30-06 4-07 8-07 12-07 16-07 20-07

day / month

Ele

ctr

ic c

onductiv

ity (

us/c

m)

Cl a

nd N

O3 (

ppm

)

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

11.0

12.0

Depth

to w

ate

r ta

ble

(m

)


Cl (ppm)


NORTH

2.5 m 2.5 m

surface water flow direction N-S

0.5

LNEC3 LNEC1

LNEC2

0.5

2.5 m 2.5 m

SOUTH

3Bacia 2

- -

- -

- r

ive

r b

ed

-

- -

- -

15 m

INFILTRATION POND

20 m

INFILTRATION POND

Possible arrival at LNEC1 – 27/06 10:30h =

= 39d*24h =936h

V int = 6.4 cm/d

K = V ne / i = 6.4 * 0.35 / 0.088 =

K = 25 cm/d = 0.25 m/d

May 18

North South LNEC1



CARREIROS TEST SITE Regional GW piezometric assessment

Oct. 8-11, 2007 at the Rio Seco river bed



CARREIROS TEST SITE First clogging effects observed in the second

infiltration pond

Small monitoring well for

water levels and electric

conductivity recording

installed inside the pond

Depht to the water table in small moniting well during

filling the pond (m) - May, 40.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20

08:24 08:52 09:21 09:50 10:19 10:48 11:16 11:45 12:14 12:43

Hours

Infiltration pond filled

with clean gravels

(under ground surface)

Infiltration pond above

ground surface

Clean gravel of the AR pond:

1. 45 cm in 63.8 min. ø = 37 % 1 year clogged gravel of the AR pond:

2. 45 cm in 63.8 min. ø = 15.7 %

Surface pond:

3. 445 cm in 63.8 min. ø = 100 %



CARREIROS TEST SITE Results of geophysical assessment before the tracer test

5 electric resistivity profiles in

January 2007 – before the tracer test



2007 January

CARREIROS TEST SITE Results of geophysical assessment

before the tracer test

North Profile I South

Depth to water table (Jan/07)

LNEC1 3.71 m (unconfined aquifer)

LNEC2 4.14 m (aquitard)

LNEC3 4.75 m (confined aquifer)

LNEC1 LNEC2/3

Infiltration pond without water

Infiltration pond with water

Infiltration pond with water + salt

(Mota R., 2007)



CARREIROS TEST SITE Results of geophysical assessment

before the tracer test

North Profile I South 2007 May 2 (without water)

LNEC1 LNEC2/3

Depth to water table (May, 2)

LNEC1 4.41 m (unconfined aquifer)

LNEC2 4.76 m (aquitard)

LNEC3 5.27 m (confined aquifer)

1/10

Results of the tracer test recorded in well LNEC1

2 - 18, May 2007

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

2

09

2

21

3

09

3

21

4

09

4

21

5

09

5

21

6

09

6

21

7

09

7

21

8

09

8

21

9

09

9

21

10

09

10

21

11

09

11

21

12

09

12

21

13

09

13

21

14

09

14

21

15

09

15

21

16

09

16

21

17

09

17

21

18

09

day/hour

Ele

ctr

ic c

onductiv

ity (

us/c

m)

Cl a

nd N

O3 (

ppm

)

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Depth

to w

ate

r ta

ble

(m

)


Cl (ppm)

NO3 (ppm)

Depth to water table (m) obs.


(Mota R., 2007)



Regional GW quality and quantity

monitoring assessment October, 2007

Piezometric levels

distribution



Regional GW quality and quantity

monitoring assessment October, 2007

NO3 concentrations

…waiting for the results from the laboratory



Deliverables of WP5 in the second year

> Deliverable D52 – “GIS platforms for each test site - Algarve test site” –

Coordinated by LNEC and ULG (Month 18) DONE Due date of deliverable: April, 2007

Authors: Piotr Wojda (ULG), Manuel M. Oliveira (LNEC)

> Deliverable D54 – “Results of the field investigations” – Coordinated by

GEOS (Month 24) – contributions from IIT, LNEC, GEOS, EYATH, PHG, PWA,

HIS (LNEC´s contribution in progress, incl. LNEC Geophysical report)

> Deliverable D53 – “Computational models for the simulation of

groundwater flow and multicomponent transport “ – Coordinated by EWRE

(Month 24) – contribution from UPC.



Papers in the second year (2007)

> Seminário sobre Águas Subterrâneas. Lisbon, 1-2 March, 2007

“First Year achievements of GABARDINE project in Portugal”

(Author: J.P. Lobo-Ferreira) available in http://www.aprh.pt/1e20307/pdf/8.pdf

> XXXV Congress of International Association of Hydrogeologists:

Groundwater and Ecosystems. Lisbon, 17-21 September, 2007

“Artificial aquifer recharge experiments in the Portuguese Campina de Faro

Case-study area”

(Authors: C. Diamantino, J.P., Lobo-Ferreira, T. Leitão)



XXXV IAH CONGRESS, 17- 21 September 2007

INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF

HYDROGEOLOGISTS

Documents

VADOSE ZONE ASSESSMENT: importance, equipment ...warbo-life.eu/sites/default/files/documprivati/LNEC WP5.pdf · LNEC Nov. 2006) 2 – Carreiros test site (2 Infiltration basins in