UVA School of Architecture, Re-Thinking Urban

RE-THINKING URBANM a rga r i ta J o v e r

University of Virginia | Department of Architecture

A

Publisher

Editors

Research Director

Credits

Paper Matters Press | Department of Architecture, University of Virginia

Iñaki Alday, Ryan Carbone

Margarita Jover

Copyright Texts | By authorCopyright Drawings | By authorCopyright Model Photos | Scott Smith / By authorCopyright Edition | Department of Architecture, University of Virginia

Graphic Design | Ryan CarboneLayout | Ryan CarboneProduction | Ryan Carbone

Printing | Department of Architecture, University of VirginiaISBN: 978-0-9974301-2-7First Edition | March 2016

Architecture, as part of a research institution is a pedagogical program based in social responsibility, critical thinking and innovation. And as a design discipline, architectural innovation is achieved through design research in different ways. We “search” for information, and we “research” creating knowledge, most often on new scenarios through design speculation seriously informed. Rigorous collection of data, spatialized through mapping and diagraming, create the basis for design research. The critical step forward, assuming the risks of proposing future scenarios, is the unavoidable outcome of the creative work of the research teams.

The Research Studio system is the pedagogical innovation that merges instruction with faculty and students research. Two studios in the undergraduate program (3010 and 4010) and another two in the graduate program (7010 and 8010) are focused on profound architectural research aligned with research interests and expertise of the faculty members. The instructors commit for three to five years to sustain a research line, offering a series of Research Studios that take on a variety of relevant contemporary topics in a consistent multi-year research agenda. Students define their personal path through the program, selecting the research studios offered by Architecture faculty (and Landscape Architecture for the graduates), in their own preferred sequence for the fall of the last two years (3010 and 4010 or 7010 and 8010).

The diversity of topics reflects the intellectual diversity of the Department of Architecture of the University of Virginia. Research projects take on urgent international crises such as the changing condition of the Arctic, neglected cultural landscapes in depressed regions, or one of the most pressing urban ecologies challenge in the world (Delhi and its sacred and poisonous Yamuna River). Others work within local conditions, disciplinary inquiries or philosophical and spatial investigations.

Started in 2012-13, these first four years have been especially instrumental for the development of the youngest faculty, raising $529,000 in grants, five awards and two international symposiums. One of the research projects has become the first all-university grand challenge project. The Research Studio system of UVa has proven itself to be invaluable in defining what “design research” means, its potential to reach broader audiences and impact critical contemporary situations, and to redefine the research culture in the design schools.

Charlottesville, Virginia | March 2016

IñAKI AldAyQUEsAdA PRofEssoR ANd CHAIR, dEPARTmENT of ARCHITECTURE

RE-THINKING URBAN

P R E FAC E

1

Margarita Jover is founder and principal, with Iñaki Alday, of the firm ‘aldayjover arquitectura y paisaje’, based in Barcelona, with work in both Architecture and Landscape Architecture fields. She began her appointment in January 2012 as Lecturer-Faculty Research, leading an Urban Design Studio in Barcelona with a long tradition and starting as pilot program the Design Center Office at the School of Architecture. Previously, Margarita Jover has been professor at BAU-School of Design in Barcelona and coordinator of his Interior Design’s Department (1998-2009); elected to the Board of the at CoAC (Official Association of Architects from Catalonia) in 2010 acting as Director of Cultural Activities, and Lecturer- Visiting professor in several universities in Europe.

aldayjover’s projects are embedded in the culture of site specificities’ worship of landscapes and cities because the belief that those are the main driving forces of the project. Those site’s constraints and values of all sort are understood as hyperreality that feeds and restrains simultaneously the project’s desires. Consequently, the project is composed by a series of appropriate decisions taken about hyperreality where beauty is an astonishing result; therefore, beauty never comes a priori as an image at the design process but as a result a posteriori. Moreover, when hyperreality is still present once the project is built, the construction is surprisingly alive and beautiful.

mARGARITA JoVERPROFESSOR OF PRACTICEDEPARTmEnT OF ARChITECTuRE

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RE-THINKING URBAN 3

ST U D I O T E A M

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‘HYPER-REALITY’ AND THE URBAN QUESTION

This Research Studio is advocating for the need to develop amongst designers the ability to read urban metabolism and to build the ‘urban question’, which will be answered through design afterwards. This ability is especially important for designers whose country, region, state or city has not developed independent ‘urban think tanks’ able to prepare the questions which answers through design would serve the commons of a society’s healthy development. From our perspective, there is no certain theory for urban contexts that can be applied globally; rather, there is a methodology that allows an approach to the urban ‘hyper-reality’ defined as ‘matter of memory and future’ which is the result of the expression of overlapped urban systems. Precisely this hyper-reality is what constitutes the starting point of every urban project as well as - most of the times - the key questions that would constitute the design-answer for its urban transformation.

One of the main pedagogical goals of this Research Studio that spends over 10 days abroad is to prepare students to travel as truly as possible and to see and understand urban phenomenon as a system of systems before travelling. In addition to understand urban settlements and some of their logics and performances through an approach by systems this studio aims to prepare students to experience other locations not as ‘foreign countries’ but rather as places that face large scale challenges such as the economical decline or the global phenomenon of urbanization that raises many questions about the appropriateness of applying the western modernist models of the XIX and XXth centuries. The cultural framework within this Research Studio is to tap into pre-industrial urban knowledge in order to reconnect settlements to natural dynamics, historical references, cultural and geographical assets while reinforcing democracy and equal access to public goods and resources. This process of learning throughout readings, lectures and design maximized by the experience in Spain is hopefully going to bring back the questioning of our own cultural practices in many fields, which will be the sign of a true travelling experience.

URBAN METABOLISM

EVENT AS CATALYST FOR URBAN CHANGE

CULTURAL LANDSCAPES + SLOW MOBILITY

HYBRID INFRASTRUCTURES: CULTURAL

ACCESS TO MOBILITY + INTERMODALITY

HYBRID INFRASTRUCTURES: CITY+RIVER

RE-THINKING URBAN 5

R E S E A R C H D R I V E RS

CITY AS SYSTEM OF SYSTEMSURBAN METABOLISM

Catalysts of urban transformations, urban design projects are conceived as strategic operations performing within the system of systems that the urban context is. This understanding of the city as a system of systems and as one of the most complex organisms that perform through time is a specific overview that builds a methodology to design urban projects. The design process operates at many scales within the different urban systems that are by nature the field of different disciplines. Typically involving the physical design of public spaces, architectures and infrastructures of a given location, projects will be developed from their conception to their physical resolution through design. Among the many urban systems that a city has, this series of Research Studios focuses mainly on the three following categories: urban ecologies [floods-drainage, environmental qualities, resource food-agriculture, vegetation-living systems]; urban socio-economics [production, housing, commerce-trade, government-citizens-society] and urban infrastructures [mobility-flows, waste, water cycle, information-data, facilities-amenities, public space].

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Coen, A | RE-THINKING URBAN 7

DRIVER 1 | URBAN METABOLISM

Catalunya is a region with a distinct identity, one that takes pride in its independence, self-sufficiency and Catalan language. This particular project site expands on this identity and invites others in, creating

opportunities for new readings of and relationships to the local landscape that are formed through experience and experimentation.

8

DIVERSITY is driven by gradients of moisture throughout the site. Microclimates develop as trees grow to shade those below, stone walls become thermal conductors on sunny days, and open fields leave all revealed and susceptible to both the scorching sun and torrential rains. The crops that once dominated the site remain but space is also given to dye-producing plants. Together, their by-products supply a palette that offers new shades of meaning and paints a story of the land.

PLANT PART

FIBER

MORDANT

NATURAL DYES

Coen, A | RE-THINKING URBAN

D R I V E R 1 | U R B A N M E TA B O L I S M

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Welcome to LAB. Fields of color merge an agricultural, pragmatic understanding of the land with the tactile sensitivity inherent in textiles and the visual

stimulation that comes from an acute awareness of one’s surroundings.

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WATER drives all processes on site. Gravity and topography provide guidelines, sending water rushing down channels, allowing it a brief moment of pause, and sometimes even affording it an indeterminate rest.

Coen, A | RE-THINKING URBAN

D R I V E R 1 | U R B A N M E TA B O L I S M

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CULTURAL LANDSCAPES + SLOW MOBILITY

Large networks of pedestrian paths - most of the times pre-industrial - that cross the territory arriving to cities are infrastructures of slow mobility that offer a potential counterbalance to industrial and post-industrial cities and their mobility centered on the car and its preponderance. Sometimes theses large networks of pedestrian paths are even classified as ‘cultural landscapes’, especially in Europe in which the territory has been intensely drawn and walked over centuries by different western cultures. Cultural landscapes of slow mobility are opportunities to connect urban citizens to their geographical, historical and cultural realities as well as opportunities to rebalance the economy of cities moving from production of goods to services such as tourism. This is the case of the two cities chosen for this series of Research Studios: Barcelona and Manresa, both in Spain, Europe. Both are bringing the opportunity to explore the potential of slow mobility and their connection to urban systems.

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Jain, H | RE-THINKING URBAN

DRIVER 2 | CULTURAL LANDSCAPES

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publishing industry as a producerof public realms

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publishing industry as a producerof public realms

Malandra, P | RE-THINKING URBAN

D R I V E R 2 | CU LT U RA L L A N D S C A P E S

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The construction in Barcelona of the Comtal Park (Parc del Cami Comtal

de Barcelona - PCCB) - a 2.5 mile long linear park on top of a tunneled high speed train infrastructure - brings to the city an additional proposal of a

pedestrian path of ‘slow mobility’ named after the memory of an old,

almost disappeared water supply from the Romans named ‘Rec Comtal’.

This ‘Comtal path’, embedded into a new linear urban park will continue beyond the park’s limits to cross the city towards the

Mediterranean sea while also connecting to the north to a larger existing metropolitan network of park paths around the city and beyond. This promotes the public’s right to pass through private

properties to gain access to the mountains.

Jung, W + Jain, H | RE-THINKING URBAN

D R I V E R 2 | CU LT U RA L L A N D S C A P E S

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From slow to fast speeds every project is expected to consider, as starting point, the idea that every corner of the city should be accessible to everyone’s wonder. In that sense, from pedestrian slow mobility to high-speed cars or trains the network of mobility should reach degrees of mixed use and civic manners as well as capacity to ease inter-modality or change between different modes of transportation. Accessibility moves from our western concept of “universal accessibility” to a holistic social accessibility, transparency, citizen’s ownership and democratic rights. In the city, there is no service roads or backyards; there are no first and second-class spaces. Every portion of the public space of city is a collectively owned and accessible space.

In addition to reach universal access on the design of theses large public spaces, some proposals go beyond by seeking for a materialization that uses regional stones and is inspired on the geography and geology of the city where the public space sits. Advocating, not only for local materials that would decrease the amount of energy spend but also allowing a cultural lecture that emphasize the geology of magnificent vertical cuts in Manresa expressing sediments from past millennia or a geographical edge of the delta of Besòs’ river, in Barcelona.

ACCESS TO MOBILITY+ INTERMODALITY

18

The new inter-modal station is perched in the Santa Caterina Mountain. Connecting the mountain with the south façade of the city of Manresa, it consists of three modes of transportation: the FGC train, the RENFE train and a proposed high-speed train.

0 200 400m

PILOT PROJECTSItE SELECtIoN

Yu,G + Zhang, Z | RE-THINKING URBAN

DRIVER 3 | ACCESS TO MOBILITY

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“A new north-south pedestrian passage connects the riverfront with La Cova and Carrer Sant Bartomeu, leading to the center city. This new axis is “both a destination and a way to move quickly and safely across the area. Before, the area was dominated by vehicular traffic on both sides of the river and in front of La Cova. New pedestrian and wheelchair accessible paths give access between the city, La Cova, the river, and gardens. “Vehicular traffic is minimized, but service access is provided and parking is built below the Cova gardens.”

Smith, P | RE-THINKING URBAN

D R I V E R 3 | ACC E SS TO M O B I L I TY

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EVENT AS CATALYST FOR URBAN CHANGE

From late XIX century, Barcelona has organized events – as many other European cities in early capitalist world in process of industrialization - as a way to capitalize investments and improve city’s quality of life while increasing private fortunes. All types of big events have been designed and organized based on a confident relation between politics, public and private investments, architecture and urban design. The city improved different areas and aspects and parts of the urban fabric in 1888 and 1929 (International Fairs), 1992 (Olympics) and 2004 (Forum of cultures). This way of transforming cities by organizing events from global models (Olympics, World Cup) to local ones (Santiago de Compostela) is a typology of urban transformation from the capitalist world that is assumed as a good opportunity only if the City has done enough research in advance to organize its own priorities before opening the field for private investments. Independent research think tanks are part of this reflective period that is previous to any urban transformation that aspires to be successful.

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FRANCE

ARAGÓNCATALUNYA

LA RIOJA

NAVARRA

EUSKADI

TudelaNavarrete

Logroño

Calahorra

Pedrola Zaragoza Lleida

Bujaraloz Verdú

Manresa

MontserratIgualada

Barcelona

Loyola

Toulouse

Arantzazu

Vitoria

Laguardia

CAMINO OF SAINT IGNATIUS

1,000 8,000 224,000

SOUTH + WEST EUROPE

ASIA PACIFIC

SOUTH ASIA

AFRICA

UNITED STATES

14%

9%

14%23%

9 %

10%

21%

LATIN AMERICA

CENTRAL + EAST EUROPE

JESUIT STAFF IN THE U.S.

AVERAGEENROLLMENTPER JESUIT UNIVERSITY

TOTAL ENROLLEMENT IN JESUIT UNIVERSITIES

01] the route 02] the experience 03] potential for manresa

jesuit demographics

holy year timeline

1522PILGRIMAGE OF SAINT IGNATIUS

2022

1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000

2013 2016

2100

TODAY

HOLY YEAR HOLY YEAR

500 YEARFESTIVAL OF

SAINT IGNATIUSPILGRIMAGE

The St. Ignatius Camino is a current retracing of the steps of St. Ignatius of Loyola, who traveled on a pilgrimage from his hometown in search of Jerusalem. While he never reached this intended desti-nation, he instead found himself in the town of Manresa for eleven months, which was “more valuable than all of his other experiences combined.” Today, this 400 mile journey traverses through varying terrain ranging from the vegetative region of Euskadi to the more arid climate in Navarra and Aragon. It takes travelers approximately 28 days to make the journey, which culminates in the mountainous region of Catalunya. Before reaching Manresa itself, however, hikers pass through Montserrat: an iconic rock formation of the area. Finally, travelers arrive the final day from Montserrat to Manresa. While the church called La Cova currently is the primary destination in the town, there is no official end poin. Thus, the route exists, but is not complete because of it’s lack of a destination.

While the physical terrain across the length of the camino remains the same, each traveler has a unique experience depending on their purpose for traveling, the speed at which they travel, who they meet, and on chance. The purposes of travel also vary and usually involve desired physical benefits, to travel socially and grow closer to a group of people, for spiritual pursuits, and lastly for introspection. These purposes are important aspects of a health of being including aspects of spirit, mind, and body. Besides the general purposes for traveling, the experience itself is one of hiking during the day, and either staying at hostels in small towns, or by pitching a tent at night. Many small towns link the various stages of the journey, and the small churches are places of interest. In addition, one may walk through valleys alone, or arrive at larger points of interests and tourists, such as Montserrat. Thus, while it is a long jouney, it is almost always one that is valued experience by hikers.

A camino such as the St. Ignatius Way can have a tremendous impact on a town such as Manresa. This is exemplified by manner and magitude in which the Camino of Santiago de Compestela has affected and contributed to the economic growth in Santiago de Compestela. Though that particular route existed since the 1970s, it has only increased in popularity within the past decade. This has even inspired and produced large architectural interventions, such as the culture center by Peter Eisenman. With this in mind, the Camino of St. ignatius becomes a valuable asset to Manresa, and efforts are already underway to rebrand and promote the route. Additionally, the potential audience interested in traveling the camino has increased as Pope Francis, a Jesuit, now is serving as the 266th Pope. He is the first Jesuit to exist as the head of the Catholic church, and could create a large event in Manresa should he decide to come in 2022 for the 200th anniversary of St. Ignatius’ journey.

FRANCE

ARAGÓNCATALUNYA

LA RIOJA

NAVARRA

EUSKADI

TudelaNavarrete

Logroño

Calahorra


Bujaraloz Verdú

Manresa

MontserratIgualada

Barcelona

Loyola

Toulouse

Arantzazu

Vitoria

Laguardia


1,000 8,000 224,000

SOUTH + WEST EUROPE

ASIA PACIFIC

SOUTH ASIA

AFRICA

UNITED STATES

14%

9%

14%23%

9 %

10%

21%

LATIN AMERICA






jesuit demographics

holy year timeline


2022

1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000

2013 2016

2100

TODAY

HOLY YEAR HOLY YEAR

500 YEARFESTIVAL OF





FRANCE

ARAGÓNCATALUNYA

LA RIOJA

NAVARRA

EUSKADI

TudelaNavarrete

Logroño

Calahorra


Bujaraloz Verdú

Manresa

MontserratIgualada

Barcelona

Loyola

Toulouse

Arantzazu

Vitoria

Laguardia


1,000 8,000 224,000

SOUTH + WEST EUROPE

ASIA PACIFIC

SOUTH ASIA

AFRICA

UNITED STATES

14%

9%

14%23%

9 %

10%

21%

LATIN AMERICA






jesuit demographics

holy year timeline


2022

1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000

2013 2016

2100

TODAY

HOLY YEAR HOLY YEAR

500 YEARFESTIVAL OF





FRANCE

ARAGÓNCATALUNYA

LA RIOJA

NAVARRA

EUSKADI

TudelaNavarrete

Logroño

Calahorra


Bujaraloz Verdú

Manresa

MontserratIgualada

Barcelona

Loyola

Toulouse

Arantzazu

Vitoria

Laguardia


1,000 8,000 224,000

SOUTH + WEST EUROPE

ASIA PACIFIC

SOUTH ASIA

AFRICA

UNITED STATES

14%

9%

14%23%

9 %

10%

21%

LATIN AMERICA






jesuit demographics

holy year timeline


2022

1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000

2013 2016

2100

TODAY

HOLY YEAR HOLY YEAR

500 YEARFESTIVAL OF





FRANCE

ARAGÓNCATALUNYA

LA RIOJA

NAVARRA

EUSKADI

TudelaNavarrete

Logroño

Calahorra


Bujaraloz Verdú

Manresa

MontserratIgualada

Barcelona

Loyola

Toulouse

Arantzazu

Vitoria

Laguardia


1,000 8,000 224,000

SOUTH + WEST EUROPE

ASIA PACIFIC

SOUTH ASIA

AFRICA

UNITED STATES

14%

9%

14%23%

9 %

10%

21%

LATIN AMERICA






jesuit demographics

holy year timeline


2022

1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000

2013 2016

2100

TODAY

HOLY YEAR HOLY YEAR

500 YEARFESTIVAL OF





Manresa is going to be celebrating the 500 anniversary of the Saint Ignatius path. The number of pilgrims is expected to increase from the current 30,000 to 100,000 a year according to the Path’s website, and the City is not prepared at almost every level.

Jesuit Demographics

Holy Year Timeline

Laughlin, J | RE-THINKING URBAN

DRIVER 4 | EVENT AS CATALYST

23

The mind dwelling prioritizes one who wishes to ponder things of the past, present, and future. After enduring and experiencing much on the camino, a place with a good quality of light and natural materials is essential to both inspire and comfort the intellect. Important aspects include the location of the study, with a boxed view of Sant Caterina beyond. The choice of materiality in the study includes wood for flooring and desks, as well as a glazed sliding door which may be opened to the courtyard. Rammed earth for the walls throughout the unit provides a sense of permanency beneath the earth. Reveals in the wall above the bed and in the shower provide intense lighting.

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Entry TunnelRejuvenation (Spirit)ClosetEntryWCCleansing (Body)CourtyardStudy (MInd)Desk (Mind)View / Communal Gardens

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PLAN_TERRACE +4

Laughlin, J | RE-THINKING URBAN

D R I V E R 4 | E V E N T A S C ATA LYST

25

26

Cubillos-Torres, A | RE-THINKING URBAN

With the Basilica Santa Maria, the Aranya Mosque, the Jesuit Sanctuary as anchor points, the common ground between these

institutions takes the form of an urban balcony activated not only by these institutions but also by new injected hybrid program. This

new urban balcony is one in a series of efforts to provide public space at the edge between the city and the river in order to open

the city towards the river, and developing in tandem with the river.

D R I V E R 4 | E V E N T A S C ATA LYST

27

We perceive cities as organisms that are alive and configured by different systems that perform over time. Each system is different but they all inform one each other and interact. A node or an infrastructure is a special point in a system. For instance the heart is a node of the blood system and in the same way, both the station is a node and infrastructure of the mobility system by train as the public market is a node or infrastructure of the urban market urban system. As a result a hybrid infrastructure is for instance a train station that is also a public market in which two systems have their node or infrastructure at the same space.

A CULTURAL AFFAIRHYBRID INFRASTRUCTURES

28

You Li LAR 8010

AGRICULTUREThe new Jesuit university in Manresa uses farming as a mechanism to exhaust the human body in order to achieve spiritual enlightenment, thus uniting body and soul.

Li, Y | RE-THINKING URBAN

DRIVER 5 | HYBRID INFRASTRUCTURES: CULTURAL

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LEARNING LANTERNS

EXISTING

PROPOSED

REIMAGINE La Cova as a public realm

30

EXISTING

PROPOSED

REIMAGINE La Cova as a public realm

Carr, I | RE-THINKING URBAN

Can we by innovation...Design centers of production of energy that are also centers of culture and debate?

Design water treatment plants that are also centers for leisure?Think that spaces of mobility are shared spaces instead of necessarily being separated?

Imagine river flood plains that are agricultural pieces of fertile land some months a year?Generate new typologies of public infrastructures that are hybrid and multifunctional?

D R I V E R 5 | H Y B R I D I N F RA ST R U CT U R E S : CU LT U RA L

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Many settlements have been built on the edges of rivers subjected to floods dynamics and entertaining inspiring seasonal relationships. Every project is required to consider, as starting point, a series of historical pre-industrial references that are clearly performing a different relationship between river and city than the modernist model of channelizing water floods in a fixed hard shaped section for the highest volume of water statistically occurred in the last fifty to one hundred years. These other old models will be considered to build a new relationship between cities and rivers connecting to contemporary thinking in urban design that tends to consider floods and their natural dynamics as realities to integrate in urban contexts along with other seasonal urban systems, building as a result a new culture aware of ecological cycles. Assuming that there is not anymore confrontation between nature and cities; but, on the contrary assuming that urban public spaces should allow human and ecological dynamics to perform together alternatively, the challenge is to transform theses inherited channelized rivers from the 60’s of the XXth century into techno-socio-ecological-landscapes able to deal with humans, flora, fauna and floods in urban contexts. From this Research Studio it is assumed that theses new landscapes should assume their artificial DNA as a design driver.

RIVERS AND CITIESHYBRID INFRASTRUCTURES

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Pulling the river apart to create new space.Remove earth for expansion and use to create central landforms.

Widen the river’s edge to create new public space and varied conditions.Continue the language of both edges but increase accessibility.

Expanding the complexity of the ecological edge.Soft-scape corridors.

Karpinski, S | RE-THINKING URBAN

DRIVER 6 | HYBRID INFRASTRUCTURES: RIVERS

33

+250

+240

+230

+220

+210

+200

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+250

+240

+230

+220

+210

+200

Karpinski, S | RE-THINKING URBAN

D R I V E R 6 | H Y B R I D I N F RA ST R U CT U R E S : R I V E RS

35

SITE SYSTEMS // EXISTINGFLOWS OF PEOPLE + WATER ON THE LAND

62.5’ 125’31’15.5’

1:750

A / / T H E B R I D G E

BIKE SHARE BIKE ZONE | SEATING | PEDESTRIAN ZONE CAR ACCESS

F / / T H E C H A N N E L + I R R I G A T I O N

PICNIC AREA IRRIGATION CHANNEL

E / / T H E C H A N N E L

DRAINAGE PUDDLE | IRRIGATION BONFIRE MOUND

EXTERIOR NAVE | SEATING + DRAINAGE POOL

G / / C O V A T E R R A C E S | G A T H E R I N G

SEATING + DRAINAGE POOL WALKING PATH

H / / C O V A T E R R A C E S | S O L I T U D E1 : 7 5

BENCH SEATING IN TREE GROVE

8’ 16’4’

C / / T H E S T A G E + PA T H

BENCH SEATING | IRRIGATION CHANNEL DRAINAGE BASIN WALKING PATH

D / / T H E S T A G E

STAGE BENCH SEATING FOR STAGE PERFORMANCES | IRRIGATION CHANNELS

B / / T H E L A N D I N G

SEAT WALLS | FESTIVAL + MARKET SPACE












8’ 16’4’


















8’ 16’4’


















8’ 16’4’







36

SITE SYSTEMS // EXISTINGFLOWS OF PEOPLE + WATER ON THE LAND

62.5’ 125’31’15.5’

1:750












8’ 16’4’


















8’ 16’4’


















8’ 16’4’







Miller, S | RE-THINKING URBAN

D R I V E R 6 | H Y B R I D I N F RA ST R U CT U R E S : R I V E RS

37

University of Virginia | Department of Architecture

A

Documents

UVA School of Architecture, Re-Thinking Urban