Utah Flora BOT2100

Lecture 7Angiosperm Families III

Including:

FabaceaeApiaceae

Onagraceae Malvaceae

Utah Flora BOT2100

Major Families

Fabaceae – garden peas, lupines, clovers

Polygalaceae – milkworts

Fabales

4 families 754 genera 20,055 species

Utah Flora BOT2100Fabales

Fabaceae Leguminosae

Worldwide 730 genera 19,400 species

Utah (Native and Introduced) 56 genera 216 species•annuals, perennial herbs, shrubs, or trees

•leaves alternate, pinnately or palmately compound, rarely simple

•inflorescence in racemes

•flowers superior, perfect, irregular

•calyx fused, 5 lobed, often 2-lipped

•corolla of 5 petals, 2 fused, 3 seperate (banner, wings, and keel)

•stamens 5 or 10, filaments fused in a tube

•fruit a legume or loment (pods formed from 2 carpels)

Utah Flora BOT2100

Lathyrus Worldwide 150 species

Utah (Native and Introduced) 7 species

•annual or perennial herbs with tendrils

•leaves even-pinnate•pinnately compound with a even number of leaflets•terminal leaflet replaced by a tendril

•flowers white, pink, or lavender

•style bearded down one side

•sister genus, Vicia, is identical except style is bearded at apex only

Fabales Fabaceae Leguminosae

Utah Flora BOT2100

Lathyrus brachycalyx

•sagebrush valley & montane species

•plants perennial herbs with tendrils

•corolla purplish, 15-30 mm long

Fabales Fabaceae Leguminosae

Utah Flora BOT2100

Melilotus Worldwide 20 species

Utah (Introduced) 3 species

•annual herbs, herbage non-glandular

•leaflets 3, pinnately compound, the terminal leaflet petioliate•leaflets with toothed margins

•inflorescence racemose, several times longer than wide

•pods straight, ovoid (egg-shaped)

Fabales Fabaceae Leguminosae

Utah Flora BOT2100

Melilotus officinalis

•weedy exotic species

•corolla yellow, 3-7 mm long

•pods straight, ovoid (egg-shaped)

Fabales Fabaceae Leguminosae

Utah Flora BOT2100

Trifolium Worldwide 240 species

Utah (Native and Introduced) 18 species

•annual or perennial herbs

•leaves palmately or pinnately compound; •leaflets 3, with toothed margins

•flowers in dense, capitate racemes, •sometimes involucrate (with bracts)

•corollas white, pink, or lavender

•legumes small, generally 1 to 3 seeded

Fabales Fabaceae Leguminosae

Utah Flora BOT2100

Trifolium longipes

•montane species

•plants perennial herbs

•heads without a toothed involucre

•calyx villosulous

•corolla purplish, 10-12 mm long

Fabales Fabaceae Leguminosae

Utah Flora BOT2100

Major Families

Onagraceae – evening primrose, suncups

Lythraceae – loosetrife (noxious weed)

Myrtaceae – Eucalyptus, Melaleuca (leaves of trees used as herbal remedies)

Myrtales

9 families 380 genera 11,027 species

Utah Flora BOT2100Myrtales

Onagraceae

Worldwide 22 genera 656 species

Utah (Native and Introduced) 10 genera 63 species•annuals or perennial herbs, rarely shrubs

•leaves alternate or opposite, simple or pinnately compound

•inflorescence solitary or in racemes, often axillary

•flowers inferior, perfect, regular

•calyx of 4 sepals, separate; corolla of 4 petals, separate

•stamens 4 or 8

•fruit a capsule

Utah Flora BOT2100

Oenothera Worldwide 145 species

Utah (Native) 18 species

•annual, biennial, or perennial herbs

•leaves alternate, simple or compound, often clustered at base of stem

•flowers solitary

•corollas white, yellow, pink, or lavender, often opening in evening

MyrtalesOnagraceae

Utah Flora BOT2100

Oenothera caespitosa

•desert to sagebrush valley species

•plants acaulescent (without stems)

•corolla white, 2.5-6 cm long

MyrtalesOnagraceae

Utah Flora BOT2100

Epilobium Worldwide 165 species

Utah (Native) 14 species

•annual, biennial, or perennial herbs

•leaves opposite (sometimes upper ones alternate), simple

•flowers solitary & axillary or in terminal racemes

•fruit a elongate capsule; seeds with a tuft of hairs

MyrtalesOnagraceae

Utah Flora BOT2100

Epilobium angustifolium

•montane species

•plants erect, rhizomatous

•corolla 10-30 mm long

MyrtalesOnagraceae

Utah Flora BOT2100

Major Families

Apiaceae – carrots, parsley

Araliaceae – ginseng

Apiales

7 families 494 genera 5489 species

Utah Flora BOT2100Apiales

Apiaceae Umbelliferae

Worldwide 434 genera 3780 species

Utah (Native and Introduced) 27 genera 72 species•annual or perennial herbs

•leaves alternate, simple or pinnately compound

•inflorescence in compound umbels

•flowers inferior, perfect, regular

•calyx of 5 sepals, separate; corolla of 5 petals, separate

•stamens 5

•fruit a schizocarp (dry fruit which splits into 2 to many, 1 seeded segments

Utah Flora BOT2100

Angelica Worldwide 110 species

Utah (Native) 4 species

•perennial herbs, caulescent

•leaves alternate, often with a broad sheath, pinnately compound

•inflorescence a compound umbel

•fruit a schizocarp, the dorsal and lateral ribs with small wings

Apiales Apiaceae Umbelliferae

Utah Flora BOT2100

Angelica kingii

•montane species

•leaflets lanceolate, toothed or lobed

•umbels 7-20 rayed

Apiales Apiaceae Umbelliferae

Utah Flora BOT2100

Major Families

Malvaceae – Hibiscus, hops, hollyhocks

This is the only family of this group found in Utah, as a native or introduced

Malvales

10 families 338 genera 6005 species

Utah Flora BOT2100Malvales

Malvaceae

Worldwide 243 genera 4,500 species

Utah (Native and Introduced) 12 genera 25 species•annuals, perennial herbs, or shrubs; herbage with stellate hairs

•leaves alternate, simple or palmately lobed

•inflorescence in solitary or racemes or cymes

•flowers superior, perfect, regular

•calyx of 5 sepals, separate; corolla of 5 petals, separate

•stamens numerous, filaments fused into a sheath around the style

•fruit a schizocarp (dry fruit which splits into many, 1 seeded segments

Utah Flora BOT2100

Sphaeralcea Worldwide 30 species

Utah (Native) ~17 species

•perennial herbs, herbage with often dense stellate hairs

•leaves alternate, palmately lobed to nearly compound

•inflorescence a cyme, often with leafy bracts

•racemose cymes – with one flower per node•thyrsoid cymes – with two or more flowers per node

•fruit a schizocarp

Malvales Malvaceae

Utah Flora BOT2100

Sphaeralcea coccinea

•most common species of this genus in Utah

•rhizomatous perennial

•leaves deeply 3-5 lobed

•inflorescence a thrysoid cyme

Malvales Malvaceae

Utah Flora BOT2100Quiz 3Part A

On the sheet of paper provided, please answer the following questions (spelling counts):

1.To which family does this specimen belong?

2.?

3.?

Utah Flora BOT2100Quiz 3Part B

1.On a new sheet, please determine this specimen to genus (spelling counts).

This specimen belongs to family:

2. If time remains, for extra credit, determine this specimen to species

You may use your Utah Flora, your notes, or any other handouts provided in class for Part B

Utah Flora BOT2100

Assignment

•Draw and label species provided in lab

•Make sure to label those morphological features that helped you identify the sample (the characters in the key)

•Identify & label all samples to family and genus

•For Practice: use A Utah Flora to identify & label all samples to species (other than any we determined in class together)