90
USCAP – Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone Soft TIssue Pathology Sarcoma Research Center

USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    1

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

USCAP – Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015

Sunday 22 March 2015Alexander Lazar MD/PhDDepartment of Pathology SSection of Bone Soft TIssue PathologySarcoma Research Center

Page 2: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

The Case

Page 3: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

Patient History

• 16 year old female with a history of multiple light brown macules since age 3 and several nodules including one with recent growth in the left popliteal fossa.  

• MRI reveals an enlarging 6 cm mass which is PET avid.  Surgery resection reveals an "encapsulated appearing mass" as well as a smaller (2.5 cm) distal mass. 

• Subcutaneous nodules were also noted. 

Page 4: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

Provided Case Images

Page 5: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

Cutaneous nodule

Page 6: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 7: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 8: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

Deep popliteal nodule –?Biphasic

Page 9: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

Phase 1

Page 10: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 11: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 12: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 13: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

Phase 2

Page 14: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 15: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 16: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 17: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 18: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 19: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 20: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 21: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

Diagnosis?

Page 22: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor (MPNST) arising in association with a deep neurofibroma in a patient 

with Neurofibromatosis type I

Page 23: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

Selected stuff of interest (hopefully) regarding MPNST……

Page 24: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

Nerve sheath tumours

2013BenignSchwannoma (including variants)Melanotic schwannomaNeurofibroma (including variants)Plexiform neurofibromaPerineuriomaMalignant perineuriomaGranular cell tumourDermal nerve sheath myxomaSolitary circumscribed neuromaEctopic meningioma

Nasal glial heterotopiaBenign Triton tumourHybrid nerve sheath tumours

MalignantMalignant peripheral nerve sheath tumorEpithelioid malignant nerve sheath tumorMalignant Triton tumorMalignant granular cell tumorEctomesenchymoma

24

Page 25: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

Introduction

• MPNSTs are malignant mesenchymal tumors that arise from major peripheral nerves or pre‐existing benign nerve sheath tumors

• They manifest Schwann cell‐type differentiation under immunohistochemical and/or ultrastructural examination

• They comprise 3‐10% of soft tissue sarcomas• Synonyms: malignant schwannoma, neurogenic sarcoma, neurofibrosarcoma, neurosarcoma

• Precursors: neurofibromas (deep>>>cutaneous), schwannomas, perineuriomas

Page 26: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

Clinical Features

• Clinical setting1. NF1‐associated (≈50%)2. Sporadic (≈40%)3. Radiation‐associated (≈10%)

Page 27: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

Clinical Features

• Epidemiology– Gender

• Male ≈ Female

– Age • Variable• Usually adults• Children can be affected• NF1‐associated MPNST patients tend to be younger at time of primary tumor diagnosis

Page 28: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

Clinical Features• Clinical presentation

– Anatomic location1. Extremities2. Trunk3. Head & neck

– Signs & symptoms• Painless/painful mass• Motor/sensory deficit

– Radiology• FDG‐PET/CT imaging shows increased uptake compared to neurofibromas; valuable for restaging purposes

Page 29: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

Clinical Features

• Prognosis – Generally aggressive– Recurrence in 38‐45%– Metastasis in 40‐80%– Poor prognostic factors

• Clinical: Location; Size ≥ 10 cm; Metastasis; NF1 status• Pathological: Rhabdomyoblastic component• Molecular: TP53 mutation

Page 30: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

© 2009 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.  Published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc. 2

FIGURE 1.Clinical, Pathological, and Molecular Variables Predictive of Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Outcome.Zou, Changye; Smith, Kerrington; Liu, Jun; Lahat, Guy; Myers, Sarah; Wang, Wei‐Lien; Zhang, Wei; McCutcheon, Ian; Slopis, John; Lazar, Alexander;  MD, PhD; Pollock, Raphael;  MD, PhD; Lev, Dina

Annals of Surgery. 249(6):1014‐1022, June 2009.DOI: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181a77e9a

FIGURE 1.  Clinical factors affecting DSS in all MPNST patients. Univariable analysis demonstrated that patients presenting with metastasis harbor the most dismal prognosis (P = 0.0025; A); no difference in outcome was observed when comparing primary to recurrent lesions (P = 0.92) or neurofibromatosis‐1 status (NF1+ versus NF1‐; P = 0.39; B). Kaplan Meier curves are depicted.

Page 31: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

© 2009 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.  Published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc. 2

TABLE 3.Clinical, Pathological, and Molecular Variables Predictive of Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Outcome.Zou, Changye; Smith, Kerrington; Liu, Jun; Lahat, Guy; Myers, Sarah; Wang, Wei‐Lien; Zhang, Wei; McCutcheon, Ian; Slopis, John; Lazar, Alexander;  MD, PhD; Pollock, Raphael;  MD, PhD; Lev, Dina

Annals of Surgery. 249(6):1014‐1022, June 2009.DOI: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181a77e9a

TABLE 3.  Prognostic Factors for MPNST‐Specific Mortality in 85 Patients Who Underwent Complete Surgical Resection

Page 32: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

Katz D, Lazar A, Lev D, 2009.32

Page 33: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

Treatment

• Surgical resection– The mainstay therapy

• Conventional chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy– Response is generally poor

• Targeted therapy– Potential targets include: mTOR, AKT, EZH2, MET

Page 34: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

MPNST in Children I• Rare but one of the most common non‐round blue cell malignant 

tumors• 10‐20% of MPNSTs affect patients ≤20 years• Mostly affect adolescents over the age of 10 years • Slight male predilection • Significantly higher proportion of black and Hispanic cases than 

seen among adults• Trunk most common location, followed by extremities and head & 

neck• Prognostic factors

– Sex: females were reported to have larger tumors and worse survival outcome

– Race: non‐Hispanic black pediatric patients have significantly lower survival– Treatment protocol: lack of post‐operative radiotherapy was reported to be 

associated with better survival

Page 35: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

MPNST in Children II• MDACC experience

– No age is immune– Age range is <1‐80 years– 17% of all MPNST patients are ≤20 years of age– Extremely rare below the age of 5 years (2/50 cases)– Over 60% are known to have NF type 1– Slight male predilection

• 44% female• 46% male

– Anatomic location• Extremities=44%• Trunk=36%• Head & neck=20%

Page 36: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

Pathology

• Macroscopic features– Size: usually large (>5 cm)– Shape: fusiform– An associated neurofibroma– Pseudo‐encapsulated tumors– Infiltrative/irregular borders– Hemorrhagic/necrotic

Page 37: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

Pathology

• Microscopic features– High grade sarcoma is the hallmark– Fascicular/storiform pattern, geographic necrosis– Cells: spindle, epithelioid, pleomorphism, frequent mitoses

– Heterologous elements: osteoid, chondroid, myogenic, others

– Standardized grading system is not available– Low grade MPNST vs atypical neurofibroma

Page 38: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

Pathology– Histological variants

• Glandular MPNST (NF1)• Epithelioid MPNST (sporadic, pre‐existing schwannoma)• Malignant Triton tumor

– Differential diagnosis• Atypical neurofibroma• Cellular schwannoma• UPS• Fibrosarcoma• Synovial sarcoma• Melanoma• Dedifferentiated liposarcoma

Page 39: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

Neurofibroma

Page 40: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 41: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 42: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 43: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 44: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 45: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 46: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 47: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 48: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

The many faces of MPNST…….

Page 49: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 50: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 51: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 52: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 53: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 54: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 55: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 56: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 57: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 58: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 59: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 60: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 61: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 62: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 63: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 64: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 65: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 66: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 67: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 68: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 69: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 70: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

MPNST – Tibia AKA

Courtesy of John HicksTexas Children’s Hospital

Page 71: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 72: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 73: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 74: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 75: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 76: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 77: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 78: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 79: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 80: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 81: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

Pathology Immunoprofile

• Immunohistochemical profile– S100 protein, GFAP, SOX10, PGP9.5, Leu‐7, p53 – Keratin (epithelioid and glandular)– EMA (rare, perineurial differentiation)– Loss of p16 and p27

• Ultrastructure – Schwann cell and perineurial cell differentiation

Page 82: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

Molecular Pathology

• Cytogenetic and molecular features–Complex karyotype–Germline NF1 gene (17q11.2) alteration–NF1 gene somatic mutations–Multiple genomic losses and gains

• NF1 LOH• CDKN2A• TP53

Page 83: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

What is New & Cool?

• Ongoing studies to better understand the molecular basis of MPNSTs – Recent papers– TCGA– Mouse models

• Continuous attempts to understand the genetic and molecular alterations that drive the progression of precursor benign lesions to MPNSTs

• Investigations of potential molecular therapeutic targets

Page 84: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

84

Page 85: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

• Median of over 60 somatic nonsynonymous point mutations or small insertion‐deletions 

• Inactivating mutations of SUZ12 occurred in MPNST, confirmed by direct sequencing. 

• The SUZ12 gene encodes zeste homolog 12 (Drosophila), a chromatin‐modifying protein.

• SUZ12mutations not seen in the sporadic MPNST cases. 

• Sporadic MPSNT cases had a mutation of the EED , EPC1and CHD4 genes all of which interact with polycombrepressor complexes (PRC) 

New Molecular Features

Page 86: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

Methylation of lysine 27 histone 3 

Gene silencing 

Page 87: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 88: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone
Page 89: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

Conclusions• Histology• Immunohistochemistry• Clinical setting

– NF type 1– Sporadic– Postradiation

• Lots of new molecular data– Better diagnostics?– Better treatment?

Page 90: USCAP Subspecialty Conference 2015 · USCAP –Pediatrics Evening Subspecialty Conference 2015 Sunday 22 March 2015 Alexander Lazar MD/PhD Department of Pathology S Section of Bone

Thanks

• Wei‐Lien (Billy) Wang MD• John Hicks MD

• The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)