Urban Design

Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission

City

Development

Plan

2006-2012

FARIDABAD

Technical Assistance by

October 2006

City Development Plan Municipal Corporation of Faridabad

CONTENTS

1 PROJECT BACKGROUND..........................................................................................................................1

1.1 BACKGROUND........................................................................................................................................1

1.2 OBJECTIVES OF A CITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN........................................................................................2

1.3 THE CDP PROCESS ADOPTED BY FARIDABAD.......................................................................................3

2 FARIDABAD CITY AND ITS ECONOMY.................................................................................................6

2.1 ABOUT FARIDABAD...............................................................................................................................6

2.2 GEOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY..................................................................................................................6

2.3 CLIMATE AND RAINFALL.......................................................................................................................7

2.4 LINKAGES AND CONNECTIVITY..............................................................................................................7

2.5 PLACES OF IMPORTANCE........................................................................................................................8

2.6 FARIDABAD IN NCR...............................................................................................................................9

2.7 ECONOMY..............................................................................................................................................9

2.7.1 Economic base........................................................................................................................9

2.7.2 NCR proposals for economic development...........................................................................11

2.7.3 Major issues pertaining to industrial growth of Faridabad..................................................12

2.8 INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISM...............................................................................................................13

2.8.1 Municipal Corporation of Faridabad (MCF).......................................................................13

2.8.2 Haryana Urban Development Authority (HUDA)................................................................15

2.8.3 Town & Country Planning Department, Govt. of Haryana..................................................16

2.8.4 Major issues pertaining to Institutional Mechanism in Faridabad.......................................16

3 FORMULATION OF VISION AND MISSION........................................................................................18

3.1 APPROACH TO FORMULATING A VISION FOR FARIDABAD UNDER CDP................................................18

3.2 STAKEHOLDERS CONSULTATIONS THE PROCESS AND OUTCOME......................................................18

3.3 VISION FOR FARIDABAD.......................................................................................................................23

3.3.1 Important Aspects that Defined Faridabads Vision.............................................................23

3.3.2 Vision Statement....................................................................................................................23

3.3.3 Mission Statement.................................................................................................................24

3.4 FARIDABAD TOMORROW......................................................................................................................25

4 CITY ASSESSMENT SITUATION ANALYSIS....................................................................................26

4.1 GROWTH TRENDS.................................................................................................................................26

4.1.1 Demography..........................................................................................................................26

4.1.2 Municipal Area and Population Density...............................................................................26

4.1.3 Sex Ratio and Literacy..........................................................................................................27

4.1.4 Population Projection...........................................................................................................28

4.2 LAND USE.............................................................................................................................................28

4.2.1 Urbanisable Land Proposed Land use...............................................................................29

4.2.2 Implementation of Development Plan...................................................................................33

4.2.3 Developed area vis--vis Urbanisable Land.........................................................................34

4.2.4 Key issues, potential and challenges regarding land use......................................................34

4.3 URBAN ENVIRONMENT........................................................................................................................35

4.3.1 Air Pollution..........................................................................................................................35

4.3.2 Water Pollution.....................................................................................................................37

4.3.3 Key issues regarding urban environment..............................................................................38

4.4 URBAN POOR AND SLUMS IN FARIDABAD............................................................................................38

4.4.1 Poverty in Faridabad............................................................................................................38

4.4.2 Slums in Faridabad...............................................................................................................39

4.4.3 Key issues regarding Slums and Urban poor........................................................................40

4.5 MUNICIPAL SERVICES ROADS, STREET LIGHTING, AND TRANSPORTATION.......................................41

4.5.1 Road Network........................................................................................................................41

4.5.2 Street lighting........................................................................................................................42

4.5.3 Urban Transport...................................................................................................................43

4.5.4 Issues, Potential and Challenges in roads, street lighting and transport sectors.................46 ii


4.6 MUNICIPAL SERVICES WATER SUPPLY..............................................................................................47

4.6.1 Source of Water Supply.........................................................................................................47

4.6.2 Treatment facilities...............................................................................................................48

4.6.3 Storage and Distribution System...........................................................................................48

4.6.4 House Service Connections, user charges and cost recovery...............................................50

4.6.5 Service Levels........................................................................................................................52

4.6.6 Issues, Potential and Challenges in water supply sector......................................................52

4.7 MUNICIPAL SERVICES SEWERAGE.....................................................................................................53

4.7.1 Existing Sewerage System.....................................................................................................55

4.7.2 YAP.......................................................................................................................................55

4.7.3 Issues related to Sewerage system........................................................................................56

4.8 MUNICIPAL SERVICES STORM WATER DRAINAGE............................................................................57

4.8.1 Issues related to Storm water drains.....................................................................................57

4.9 MUNICIPAL SERVICES SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT........................................................................58

4.9.1 Quantum of Solid Waste Generation.....................................................................................58

4.9.2 Collection of Solid Waste......................................................................................................58

4.9.3 Waste Transportation & Disposal.........................................................................................58

4.9.4 Issues, potential and challenges in Solid Waste Management..............................................59

4.10 SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE....................................................................................................................60

4.10.1 Fire Services.........................................................................................................................60

4.10.2 Recreation, Gardens and Parks............................................................................................61

4.10.3 Health facilities.....................................................................................................................62

4.10.4 Educational facilities............................................................................................................62

4.11 MUNICIPAL FINANCES..........................................................................................................................63

4.11.1 Financial Status at a Glance.................................................................................................64

4.11.2 Revenue Account...................................................................................................................65

4.11.3 Capital Account.....................................................................................................................71

4.11.4 Key issues regarding financial condition of MCF................................................................72

5 CITY INVESTMENT PLAN, STRATEGIES AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN................................75

5.1 CITY INVESTMENT PLAN (CIP)............................................................................................................75

5.1.1 Institutionalising the CIP Process.........................................................................................75

5.1.2 Summary of Investments........................................................................................................76

5.2 SECTOR WISE CIP DETAILS CAPITAL NEEDS/ INVESTMENTS..............................................................78

5.2.1 Water Supply (MCF).............................................................................................................78

5.2.2 Sewerage (MCF)...................................................................................................................80

5.2.3 Roads, Street lighting, Urban transport and Traffic management (MCF)............................82

5.2.4 Storm Water Drainage (MCF)..............................................................................................85

5.2.5 Conservancy (SWM) & Sanitation (MCF)............................................................................87

5.2.6 Slums and Basic Services for Urban Poor (MCF)................................................................90

5.2.7 Land use/ Development planning (MCF, HUDA).................................................................91

5.2.8 River Conservation...............................................................................................................92

5.2.9 Fire services..........................................................................................................................93

5.2.10 Projects supporting Economic Development and City Beautification..................................94

5.2.11 Urban Governance/ System Modernisation..........................................................................95

5.2.12 New MCF office, system studies and minor capital works....................................................96

5.3 SECTOR WISE LISTING OF PRIORITY PROJECTS.....................................................................................98

5.3.1 Priority Projects Water Supply..........................................................................................98

5.3.2 Priority Projects Sewerage................................................................................................99

5.3.3 Priority Projects Roads....................................................................................................101

5.3.4 Priority Projects Storm Water Drains.............................................................................104

5.3.5 Priority Projects Parks and Play Grounds......................................................................106

5.3.6 Priority Projects Slums....................................................................................................107

6 INVESTMENT CAPACITY AND SUSTENANCE OF MCF................................................................108

6.1 FINANCING STRATEGIES FOR THE CIP................................................................................................108

6.2 FINANCE PROJECTIONS......................................................................................................................109

6.2.1 Municipal Account Growth Projections and Assumptions...............................................109 iii


6.3 INVESTMENT CAPACITY/ SUSTENANCE..............................................................................................110

6.3.1 Impact of JNNURM Reforms on Investment Capacity........................................................110

6.3.2 Fund Requirement...............................................................................................................111

7 REFORM ACTION PLAN........................................................................................................................112

7.1 BACKGROUND....................................................................................................................................112

7.2 MANDATORY REFORMS BY FARIDABAD MUNICIPAL CORPORATION..................................................112

7.2.1 Adoption of a modern accrual-based double-entry system of accounting..........................112

7.2.2 Introduction of a system of e-Governance using IT applications such as GIS and MIS for various services provided..............................................................................................113

7.2.3 Property tax on GIS platform and proposed achievement of collection efficiency of at least 85%.............................................................................................................................114

7.2.4 Levy of reasonable user charges by MCF for all services to recover full cost of O&M.....114

7.2.5 Internal earmarking within local bodies, budgets for basic services to the urban poor and provision of basic services to the urban poor including security of tenure at affordable prices.................................................................................................................114

7.3 OPTIONAL REFORMS AT ULB LEVEL.................................................................................................115

7.4 REFORMS TO BE UNDERTAKEN BY GOVT. OF HARYANA....................................................................115

7.4.1 Mandatory Reforms.............................................................................................................115

7.4.2 Optional Reforms................................................................................................................116

Annexure 1: JNNURM Interactive Workshop...........................................................................118

Annexure 2: MCF Officials Workshop.......................................................................................120

Annexure 3: City Stakeholder Workshop 16th July 2006.........................................................122

Annexure 4: Summary of Discussions with Stakeholders..........................................................128

Annexure 5: Municipal Finance Assessment of Past 5 Years.................................................133

Annexure 6: CIP- Demand Gap Analysis, Costing and Investments.......................................141

Annexure 7: Investment Phasing................................................................................................144

Annexure 8: Financial Projections- Financial Operating Plan...................................................146

Annexure 9: Reform Check List.................................................................................................148

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LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Institutional Service Responsibility Matrix.................................................................................13

Table 2. MCF, Staffing Pattern (2005-06).................................................................................................14

Table 3. Population Growth of Faridabad..................................................................................................26

Table 4. Density Pattern in Faridabad and Other Cities in India...............................................................27

Table 5. Sex Ratio and Literacy Level.......................................................................................................27

Table 6. Population projections for Faridabad...........................................................................................28

Table 7. Proposed Land Use of Faridabad 2011.....................................................................................29

Table 8. Ambient Air Quality in Faridabad city (NAAQM).....................................................................36

Table 9. Ambient Air Quality in Faridabad city at other locations............................................................36

Table 10. Surface water quality in Faridabad City....................................................................................37

Table 11. Ground water quality in Faridabad City....................................................................................37

Table 12. Slums in Faridabad....................................................................................................................39

Table 13. Road Length in Faridabad..........................................................................................................41

Table 14. Street lights in MCF area...........................................................................................................42

Table 15. Location and capacity of GLSRs...............................................................................................48

Table 16. Location of ESRs in Faridabad..................................................................................................50

Table 17. Present Water Tariff Structure...................................................................................................51

Table 18. Water Charges Demand Collection Balance Statement..........................................................51

Table 19. Service Levels Water Supply..................................................................................................52

Table 20. Sewerage Treatment Plants - Faridabad.....................................................................................55

Table 21. Storm Water Drains (Tertiary Network) Details........................................................................57

Table 22. Fleet of Conservancy vehicles with MCF..................................................................................59

Table 23. Staff and vehicles with Fire Department, MCF.........................................................................60

Table 24. Financial Status at a Glance.......................................................................................................64

Table 25. Source-wise revenue income.....................................................................................................65

Table 26. Nos. of properties in Faridabad..................................................................................................66

Table 27. House tax DCB statement.......................................................................................................67

Table 28. Application of funds by head of Account..................................................................................68

Table 29. Section-wise establishment expenditure....................................................................................69

Table 30. Outstanding Debt Liability........................................................................................................70

Table 31. Details of Capital Account.........................................................................................................71

Table 32. Key Financial Indicators............................................................................................................73

Table 33. Municipal service delivery Responsible agencies..................................................................75

Table 34. Agency/ Period wise summary of Capital Investments.............................................................76

Table 35. Summary of Capital Investments...............................................................................................77

Table 36. Water supply : Demand-Gap Assessment..................................................................................78

Table 37. Sewerage : Demand-Gap Assessment........................................................................................80

Table 38. Roads, street lighting, traffic management : Demand-Gap Assessment....................................82

Table 39. Storm water drainage : Demand-Gap Assessment.....................................................................85

Table 40. Conservancy & Sanitation : Demand-Gap Assessment.............................................................87

Table 41. Important assumptions made in the projections.......................................................................109

Table 42. CIP Funding Pattern.................................................................................................................111

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ABBREVIATIONS

ARV

Annual Rateable Value

BOD

Biological Oxygen Demand

BT

Black Topped

BT

Bio-technology

CAA

Constitutional Amendment Act

CAGR

Compound Annual Growth Rate

CC

Cement Concrete

CNCR

Central National Capital Region

CDP

City Development Plan

CIP

City/ Capital Investment Plan

COD

Chemical Oxygen Demand

cu.m

Cubic Meter

DCB

Demand Collection Balance

DTC

Delhi Transport Corporation

DCR

Development Control Regulations

DHBVN

Dhakshin Haryana Bijlee Vitharan Nigam

DO

Dissolved Oxygen

DPR

Detail Project Report

ESR

Elevated Storage Reservoir

EWS

Economically Weaker Section

FSI

Floor Space Index (same as FAR)

GLSR

Ground Level Storage Reservoir

GoI

Government of India

GoH

Government of Haryana

gpcd

Grams per Capita per Day

HHs

Households

PT/ HT

Property Tax/ House Tax

HMCA

Haryana Municipal Corporation Act, 1994

HUDA

Haryana Urban Development Authority

HUIDB

Haryana Urban Infrastructure Development Board

HSIDC

Haryana State Industrial Development Corporation

HUDCO

Housing & Urban Development Corporation

IT

Information technology

IPT

Intermediate Public Transport

JNNURM

Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission

Kg

Kilograms

KL

Kilo Litres

LCS

Low Cost Sanitation

LIG

Low Income Group

LMV

Light Motor Vehicle

lpcd

Litres per Capita per Day

M

Meters

mcum

Million cubic meter

ML

Million Litres

MCF

Municipal Corporation of Faridabad

MoA

Memorandum of Agreement

MoEF

Ministry of Environment and Forest

MRTS

Mass Rapid Transit System

MNC

Multi National Companies

NGO

Non-Governmental Organization

NBCC

National Building Construction Company

NCRPB

National Capital Region Planning Board

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NCT

National Capital Territory

NIUA

National Institute of Urban Affairs

NH

National Highway

NRCD

National River Conservation Department

NIT

New Industrial Township

O&M

Operation & Maintenance

PCU

Passenger Car Unit

PWD (PH)

Public Works Department (Public Health)

PWD (BR)

Public Works Department (Building and Roads)

PPP

Public Private Partnership

PSP

Public Stand Post

RWA

Resident Welfare Association

ROB

Road over Bridge

RTO

Regional Transport Office

Rs.

Rupees (Indian)

sq. km.

Square Kilometre

STP

Sewerage Treatment Plant

SEZ

Special Economic Zones

SWOT

Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats

SWM

Solid Waste Management

UFW

Unaccounted for water

UGD

Underground Drainage

ULB

Urban Local Body

WBM

Water Bound Macadam

WFPR

Work Force Participation Rate

YAP

Yamuna Action Plan

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1 PROJECT BACKGROUND

1.1 BACKGROUND

As per the 2001 census, the urban population of India stood at 285.35 million, which is about 27.8 per cent of the countrys total population; by 2021, the urban population is estimated to account for above 40 per cent of Indias population. Thus, cities and towns are expected to play a vital role in Indias socio-economic transformation and change. Apart from their contribution to the countrys gross domestic product (GDP), which is currently placed at about 50-55 per cent, and their growing role in global markets, cities in India will be the engines of economic growth, the centre-points of innovation and the hub of many socio-economic activities.

However, the current state of affairs in most of our urban areas is unsatisfactory on all parameters of urban governance like planned growth, share of slum population, reliability of civic infrastructure and financial resources. All these factors will have a significant negative economic consequence if not addressed in a planned manner.

Municipal governments and other institutions responsible for providing services are facing an acute shortage of capacity and resources, notwithstanding the Constitution (74th) Amendment Act, 1992, on urban local bodies. Most urban local bodies are starved of resources on account of their inability to effectively use their revenue-raising powers, particularly those relating to property tax and user charges.

Given the current state of affairs of our cities, their incompatibility with the countrys socio-economic objectives and Indias growing role in the world economy, the Government of India launched the Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) in FY 2005-06. This mission will be in place for the next seven years; it aims at creating economically productive, efficient, equitable and responsive cities. The Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission focuses on:

Improving and augmenting the economic and social infrastructure of cities;

Ensuring basic services to the urban poor including security of tenure;

Initiating wide-ranging urban sector reforms whose primary aim is to eliminate the legal, institutional and financial constraints that have impeded investment in urban infrastructure and service; and

Strengthening municipal governments and their functioning with respect to the provisions of the Constitution (Seventy-Fourth) Amendment Act, 1992.

It provides for public disclosure of local spending decisions together with the earmarking of budgetary locations for basic services to the poor.

The JNNURM assumes that in order to make our cities meaningfully contribute to Indias economic growth and its poverty reduction objectives, it is essential to create incentives and support for urban reforms both at the state and the city level. This can be achieved by:

Developing appropriate enabling frameworks;

Enhancing the creditworthiness of municipal governments; and

Integrating the urban poor with the service delivery systems.

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The JNNURM is also designed to encourage the involvement of the private sector in service delivery and management and thus the implementation of the reform agenda. It accordingly provides for the participation of business, industry, civic groups and communities in local decision-making. It is estimated that cities with a million plus population and a few special cities (currently 63 cities) together need about Rs. 1,20,000 crores to cover the gap in their infrastructure-building funds. To meet this gap, the Government of India (GoI) proposes to allocate about Rs. 50,000 crores during the next seven years in the form of grants to urban local bodies (ULBs). Application Development PlanDetailed Project ReportsTimeline for Implementationof ReformsApplication fundsApplication for JNNURM fundsApplication Process to JNNURM fundsCity Development PlanDetailed Project ReportsTimeline for Implementationof ReformsApplication fundsApplication for JNNURM funds

But GoI has framed the JNNURM guidelines in such a way that applicant ULBs will be eligible for grant assistance provided the cities undertake certain reforms; the objective is to improve infrastructure as well as to ensure long-term sustenance of the ULBs. Thus, to be eligible for the grant assistance under JNNURM, the Government of India requires cities to:

Formulate a medium-term City Development Plan (CDP) to align with citizens interest and priorities;

Prepare project proposals in accordance with the CDP; and

Draw up a timeline for implementing the urban sector reforms.

Subject to the fulfillment of the above-stated requirements and their satisfactory appraisal, the Government of India, Ministry of Urban Development/Ministry of Urban Employment and Poverty Alleviation will sign a Memorandum of Agreement (MoA) with the state government and the city, and release funds in accordance with the payment schedule that will form a part of the Memorandum of Agreement (MoA).

The formulation of a City Development Plan is thus a mandatory requirement for accessing JNNURM funds. The Haryana Urban Infrastructure Development Board, Government of Haryana, has retained the services of CRISIL Infrastructure Advisory to prepare the City Development Plan under the JNNURM guidelines for Faridabad.

1.2 OBJECTIVES OF A CITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN

The City Development Plan (CDP) is the municipal corporations corporate strategy that presents both a vision of a desired future for the city and the Corporations organization, as well as mission statements on how the Corporation, together with other stakeholders, intends to work towards achieving this long-term vision in the next five years.

The CDP should lead to the translation of missions into actions and actions into outcomes. The objective of involving stakeholders through a consultation process and securing endorsements of the proposed actions by the local body and other implementing agencies is to hold these bodies accountable for their mission statements, actions and expected outcomes.

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The CDP clearly defines how a Corporation will serve its customers (businesses and citizens). For example, the CDP talks about how the Corporation intends to guarantee a basic level of urban services to all citizens; make urban planning responsive to emerging needs; and become responsive to the needs of, and improve its services, to local businesses. The CDP also outlines how the Corporation plans to run its business.

The CDP further elaborates on how the Corporation intends to manage public finances in a modern and transparent way; execute urban planning and governance in line with an established framework; and become more responsive - cost and time efficient by availing of technology in its governance and service delivery processes. Finally, the CDP reveals the Corporations strategy to manage its resources, i.e. how it intends to increase revenues and expand its tax base to allow for self-sustaining urban service delivery; improve its creditworthiness; and recruit and retain a skilled workforce.

1.3 THE CDP PROCESS ADOPTED BY FARIDABAD

The formulation of the CDP for Faridabad was divided into three phases and involved the following tasks and activities. The process is also presented in the chart below.

Faridabad City Development Plan Approach and Sector Go and Sector GoaPrioritizationPreferencesPreferencesSustainabilitySustainabilityStakeholder ConsultationsAction PlansAction PlansInvestmentNeedsInvestmentNeedsWish listStrategiesStrategiesInfrastructureGap AnalysisInfrastructureGap AnalysisAssessment & Analysis do we want re wVision and Sector GoalsVision and Sector GoalsPrioritizationPreferencesPreferencesSustainabilitySustainabilityCITY DEVELOPMENT PLANCITY DEVELOPMENT PLANStakeholder ConsultationsAction PlansAction PlansInvestmentNeedsInvestmentNeedsWish listStrategiesStrategiesInfrastructureGap AnalysisInfrastructureGap AnalysisAssessment & Analysis

VisionalsVisionlsWhereto go?Where ae now?What Strategies are required?What are priority needs?Where do we want to go?Where are we now?What Strategies are required?

Phase 1-Define vision and mission statements

Step 1.1: Reconnaissance

Collected data from the Corporation and other agencies to gain a preliminary understanding of the city;

Conducted rapid city assessment and identified the underlying issues and emerging opportunities of the city and the Corporation; and

3


Identified stakeholders from diverse backgrounds like Industries Associations, Business Associations, Resident Welfare Associations, NGOs, citizens groups, line agencies involved with the Municipal Corporation of Faridabad (MCF) like the Haryana Urban Development Authority (HUDA), Public Works Department (PWD), the Electricity Board, etc.

Step 1.2: Workshop with MCF officials

Based on the findings of the above tasks, a workshop was conducted for MCF officials and the line agencies to understand their perspective on Faridabad, issues and technical details of the existing infrastructure. During this workshop, the objectives of JNNURM were specified to them and they were asked to identify issues concerning the city and the strategies required to address these issues and their future plans.

Step 1.3: Second workshop to define vision/mission statements

Based on the findings of Step 1.1, a workshop was conducted to appraise the citizens about the JNNURM process, provide facts and figures about Faridabad, and urge them to identify challenges which Faridabad needs to overcome. The stakeholders hailed from across the spectrum, including citizens, resident welfare association members, chartered accountants, advocates, Vypar Mandal and NGO representatives, and officials from MCF and the State Government Departments. The stakeholders were appraised about the objectives of JNNURM and the CDP process, and the findings of step 1.1. Further, they were asked to identify issues and strategies in the area of urban infrastructure and envision for Faridabad.

Phase 2 Assessment of City Infrastructure and Finances of MCF

Collected additional information on demography, economy, civic services, physical features, etc.

Carried out infrastructure assessment including a detailed analysis of the existing municipal services and also undertaken the operating efficiency of the core municipal services provided by the Corporation.

Conducted a credit assessment to provide insight into the Corporations current performance and financial management practices, as well as provide an opinion on the ability of the Corporation to meet its financial commitments on a timely basis.

Phase 3 Draft City Development Plan

Step 3.1: Identification of Projects for City Investment Plan

Norms for each civic service was fixed, based on desired levels of services as stakeholders views or available policy documents..

Gaps in all core municipal services were identified for a horizon period of 30 years,

Projects in the area of non-civic services like economic infrastructure, land development, parks and playgrounds were identified, based on stakeholder consultations including those with MCF officials.

Step 3.2: Project costing and determination of funding sources

Based on the consultants experience and available information from Faridabad, unit cost for each service component was arrived at, and gaps in service investment were located .

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Based on the priorities of MCF, investment phasing was done.

Based on the JNNURM funding pattern and MCFs financial position, investment sustenance was assessed.

Step 3.3: Strategic Implementation Plan

An implementation plan for all the prioritised projects/actions was prepared in a logical sequence based on the phased investment and availability of resources.

A detailed capital investment plan for the identified projects was prepared.

Also, a Financial Operating Plan to outline the preliminary budget and clarify financing assumptions and responsibilities for implementation and financing was prepared.

Phase 4: Final CDP document

The draft CDP was presented to officials of MCF and Council members. Based on their feedback and feedback from the Haryana Urban Infrastructure Development Board (HUIDB), the draft CDP was modified for final submission to the Government of India.

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2 FARIDABAD CITY AND ITS ECONOMY

2.1 ABOUT FARIDABAD

Faridabad is a southeastern town in the state of Haryana. It was founded in 1607 AD by Sheikh Farid, Emperor Jehangir's treasurer. Sheikh Farid built a fort and a mosque and slowly the town grew in size. Later, it became the headquarters of a pargana which was held in jagir by the Ballabgarh ruler.

After independence, the town has become a centre for the resettlement of refugees created by Partition. Now Faridabad is the most populated and industrialized city in the whole of Haryana. Faridabad alone generates about 60 percent of the revenues of Haryana with its large number of industrial units. There is also a belief that it was Baba Farid, an eminent Sufi saint, who founded Faridabad.

On agriculture front, Faridabad is famous for gears, refrigerators, shoes and tyres are other well-known industrial products of the city. The Badkhal Lake tourist complex, the Suraj Kund Tourist Complex, the Aravali Golf Club, the Raja Nahar Singh Palace and Dabchick are famous tourist spots of the city. Faridabad District HARYANA State

production of Heena. Tractors, motorcycles, switch

For ease of civil administration, Faridabad district is divided into five sub-divisions viz. Faridabad, Ballabgarh, Palwal, Hodal & Hathin. The Faridabad Municipal Corporation consists of Old Faridabad, Ballabgarh and NIT (New Industrial Township).

2.2 GEOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY

Faridabad is situated on the Delhi Mathura National Highway No. 2 at a distance of 32 km. from Delhi, at 28o 25' 16" north latitude and 77o 18' 28" east longitude. The town is bounded on the north by Delhi State, on the east by Agra and the Gurgaon canals and on the west by the Aravali Hills. The Yamuna flows very near to the city at its northern side and moves away as it goes south.

The major part of Faridabad city is underlain by Quaternary Alluvium consisting of sand, clay and silt. In the western and northwestern part of the town, the quartzite ridges of the Delhi system can the observed. Along the Yamuna flood plain towards the eastern part of the town, the younger alluvium is mainly sandy with a thickness of about 10-15 m. The main water -bearing horizons (aquifers) consisting of a sandy layer is generally confined to 60m below ground level. Beyond this depth alluvium is more clayey and generally aquifers are not potential water sources even though depth of bedrock is more than 200m.

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The limited thickness of aquifers further restricts the development of ground water on a large scale. In the Delhi quartzites, the availability of ground water is also limited and is controlled by secondary permeability imparted by joints and fractures.

2.3 CLIMATE AND RAINFALL

Faridabad town experiences a semi-arid climate which is characterized by wide temperature variations and scanty and irregular rainfall. During summer, temperature may reach upto 450 C in June while in winter it drops to 1.90 C in February. May and June are the hottest and driest months, when dust storms from the west prevail with high speed. The average wind velocity is 2.1 km./hours during June and 1.3 km./hour during November. The relative humidity is maximum during August (upto 84 percent) and minimum during May (upto 16 percent).

The average annual rainfall recorded at the Faridabad rain gauge station is 845 mm as computed from the data of 1978 to 1997. Maximum rainfall occurs during July to September on account of the south east monsoon. The number of actual rainy days varies between 7 and 22 in a year.

2.4 LINKAGES AND CONNECTIVITY

Road linkage Uttar PradeshStateFARIDABAD GurgaonNCT-DelhiHaryana StateRajasthan State NH 2 Ghaziabad

Faridabad is identified as one of the Delhi Metropolitan Area (DMA)/ Central National Capital Region cities of National Capital Region (NCR) and accordingly it has strong linkages with Delhi. NH 2 from Delhi-Mathura passes through the length of the city and is the central axis of the city of Faridabad. Further, NH 3 and NH 4 also pass through the city. It is connected with Gurgaon by the Gurgaon-Faridabad road. As part of NCR proposals, connectivity is proposed for improvement through the western peripheral expressway (Kundli-Manesar-Palwal-KMP) and eastern peripheral expressway (Kundli-Ghaziabad-Palwal KGP).

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Rail linkage

Faridabad is on the broad gauge line from Delhi to Mathura of the Northern Railway and is an important Rail Junction in this sector as most train reaching Delhi pass through Faridabad. Hence Faridabad is well connected with the rest of the country by rail. Apart from the Main Faridabad Station, it also has two minor stations, Old Faridabad and Ballabgarh stations.

Air linkage

The Indira Gandhi International Airport and the Palam domestic airport, New Delhi, are the nearest airports providing air linkage for the city.

2.5 PLACES OF IMPORTANCE

Badkhal lake: It is located in Badkhal village, 32 km. from Delhi. The lake, fringed by the Aravalli hills, is a man-made embankment. A flower show is held here every spring. Its name is most probably derived from the Persian word bedakhal, which means free from interference. Close to Badhkal lake is the Peacock Lake, another picturesque spot.

Baba Farid's Tomb: The city of Faridabad is believed to have been named after Baba Farid, an eminent Sufi saint. There is also a belief that it was he who founded Faridabad. His tomb in the town is a popular pilgrimage spot for the local people.

Suraj Kund Tourist Complex and The Crafts Fair: Situated at a distance of around 8 km. from South Delhi, it is an ideal picnic spot. The Suraj Kund Lake is surrounded by rock-cut steps. Built by the Rajput king Surajpal Tomar, Suraj Kund represents the rising sun. Ruins of a Sun temple lie around the lake. The complex includes a beautifully made up done-up Rajhans, a fresh water pool with a beautiful garden, this water pool is known as Siddha Kund; its waters are said to have healing properties.

A delightful handloom and handicraft fair is held here annually in February. Skilled artisans from all over the country display the rich crafts tradition of India in the typical setting of a rural Indian marketplace. Cultural programs like folk dances, magic, acrobats and rural cuisines are also a part of this colourful fair. One can also see traditional crafts being made and buy them directly from the craftsmen. Food is served in banana leaves and clay pots.

Nahar Singh Cricket Stadium: The Nahar Singh Cricket Stadium in Faridabad was built in 1981. The first match, a Ranji trophy game between Haryana and the Services was played in 1982 and the first one-day international match was played between India and West Indies.

The ground has a capacity to hold around 25,000 people. There are six centre pitches and three practice pitches. There is also a modern pavilion with a suite which has 200 seats. It also has a commentator box, a box for the media, a press box, the Presidents box, an umpire room, a health club, a restaurant, a billiards room, a card room, and a coffee shop. There is an outdoor tennis court. To the north, nine stands have been constructed with an office and parking facilities for ministers. The Nahar Singh Stadium stands out as one of the most modern stadiums in North India.

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2.6 FARIDABAD IN NCR

Faridabad is an important constituent of NCR and is identified as a Central National Capital Region (CNCR) city earlier refereed to as Delhi Metropolitan Area (DMA) city. Also it is the only other Metro city in NCR other than Meerut. NCR Regional 2021 has listed out a large number of projects involving Faridabad with suggested policy changes, strategies and implementation plan. The proposals are in the sectors of:

Economy & fiscal policy

Transport

Power

Water

Sewerage, Solid waste management & drainage

Communications and social infrastructure

Environment and disaster management

While being part of NCR gives a high priority status to the city, the ground situation with respect to infrastructure reflects poorly upon this emerging metropolis of the capital region. Whereas the quality of infrastructure in NCT and Faridabad are at opposite ends with Faridabad on the poorer side, the governance and financial condition of the Municipal Corporation also reflects the same.

The reasons for the current situation are galore; lack of initiatives, strong leadership; and so on. While being part of NCR should convert into a strong opportunity for Faridabad to transform, on the contrary this status appears to have become a bane on the functioning of the city. This has also resulted from the lack of seriousness/ timely implementation with respect to several of NCR projects related CNCR cities like Faridabad. For instance the eastern and western peripheral expressways, public transportations systems in the form of RRTS/ MRTS, Orbital Rail Corridor etc, all are nearing completion of their planned implementation period but are yet to be put into formal actions on ground.

Also to be noted is the delayed implementation of the Yamuna Action Plan (YAP) and associated programs in the sewerage sector. Accordingly the YAP proposals and each of the NCR proposals under various sectors ranging from growth management to waste management with respect to Faridabad are presented and discussed in tandem with the existing situation in the city in the following chapters.

2.7 ECONOMY

Faridabad, a constituent part of NCR is home to one of the largest industrial estates of Asia which houses a large number of manufacturing industries. Economy of Faridabad is more or less dependent on Industry.

2.7.1 Economic base

The industrial base of Faridabad is not just the economic base of Faridabad, but again a constituent part of the overall economy of the NCR, implying that the economies are interdependent. As on date there are 16 multinational companies (MNC), 809 ISO-based industries, 205 medium and large-scale industries and 399 small-scale units as per the records of the District Industrial Centre, Faridabad. However, there are also a large number of other smaller industrial units, functioning from various locations including residential areas in the city.

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On the whole, the total number of small, medium and large industries in the Faridabad-Ballabgarh Complex stands at about 15,000. The Complex provides direct and indirect employment to nearly half a million people and ranks as the 9th largest industrial estate in Asia. Its combined turnover is estimated to be about Rs.1,500 billion. The place is home to many international/ multinational companies like Whirlpool, Goodyear, Larsen & Toubro, Asia Brown Boveri, GKN Invel, Woodward Governor and Castrol besides Escorts, Eicher, Cutler Hammer, Hyderabad Asbestos, and Nuchem which are operating in this belt.

This industrial estate in Faridabad is spread over an approximate area of 6,948 hectares and is home to a variety of engineering products from forgings to tractors, clutch assembly to leaf springs. The major industrial production in the district, mainly represented by Faridabad city itself, is of tractors, steel re-rolling, scientific instruments, power looms, agriculture implements, JCB cranes, etc. The district as a whole reported the production of 12,880 tractors, 24,230 metric tonnes of sugar, 4,240 motorcycles, mopeds, scooters, and agriculture implements worth Rs. 5,666 lakhs, during the year 2000-01.

Industry, Employment and Economic Structure

The industrial estate of Faridabad is understood to be providing direct and indirect employment to nearly half a million people. The work force participation rate (WFPR) of Faridabad city as per Census 2001 is 31 percent that is about 3.3 lakhs implying another equal number of employees of Faridabad industries travel daily from other NCR areas to Faridabad. The employment in the industries of Faridabad is both skilled and unskilled in nature. The majority of the workforce today is in the tertiary/ services sector. This also indicates the quantum of migration that had and has happened within and outside NCR. While migration within NCR is low, migration into NCR from other regions of Northern India is high. This causes a larger impact on Faridabad due to its industrial character.

It may also be noted that the WFPR of Faridabad city was 30 percent in 1991 and 34 percent in 1981. Sectors, which indicated maximum diversification and growth over the decades, are industries other than household and services. The decline in WFPR over the decades is due to the change in the economic character of Faridabad- from being predominantly primary/ secondary it is now tertiary/ service oriented. The trend is similar to that in NCR with industries other than household registering the maximum growth.

Industry and Environment

The industries and the manufacturing process is largely environment friendly. However the estate has a large number of heavy vehicles plying in and out to transport the raw material and finished goods and these have been the major cause for the air pollution in the surroundings of this large estate. As earlier mentioned several small scale industries which act as ancillary units are located within the residential sectors of the city thereby involving the plying of heavy vehicles on most arterial and internal roads of the city too.

Another feature to be noted is the absence of any common effluent treatment plant (CETP) for the large quantum of industrial waste waters generated here. The present industrial water demand is about 20 MLD and the same is expected to reach 100 MLD in another 20 years owing to the growth of the industry. For this large quantum of industrial water supply, the generation of waste water would be equally large necessitating the need for common treatment (from economic point of view) of these wastewaters.

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There are no major hazardous industries located in the estate and the only hazard the estate is prone to is fire. In Faridabad instances of industrial fire accidents are minimal and none reported during the past five years.

An Economy in Transition

Industrial activity in Faridabad itself is the result of the policy decision taken after independence regarding the nature of development in the surroundings of Delhi. Faridabad emerged as the choice for the creation of a settlement for the refugees of Partition as well the preferred location for setting up the manufacturing base of the capital as well as the country. The estate, once ranked among the top industrial estates of the continent, today is in the 9th position owing to the neglect during the past decade and a half coupled with stiff competition from other NCR cities and cities elsewhere in the country.

Clearly, the change in the economic policies of the Government of India regarding foreign direct investment has led to a change in the economic structure of the country as a whole and also of such towns like Faridabad. Within NCR, Gurgaon and Noida have been in the forefront in attracting these investments, which have been primarily in the information technology (IT) and bio-technology (BT) sectors. Faridabad has lagged behind in these sectors and is now gearing up to catch up with Gurgaon and Noida. More and more investments are flowing into the sectors of industry, commerce and real estate. State government too has been proactive in these terms through awarding incentives for investments to come in. In case of Faridabad, Haryana State Industrial Development Corporation (HSIIDC) is the nodal agency for the purpose of industrial development.

There are five major industrial associations in Faridabad which play a big role in terms of the development and regulation of industrial activity in the city. They are:

1. Faridabad Industries Association

2. Faridabad Small Industries Association

3. Laghu Udhyog Bharti

4. Faridabad Manufacturers Association

5. Faridabad Chamber of Commerce & Industries

2.7.2 NCR proposals for economic development

As an overall strategy, the regional Plan, 2021 of NCR identifies the need to have a Common Economic Zone for the entire area of NCR. This is in light of different and multiplicity of policies, frameworks, acts, institutions, agencies etc applicable for different areas of NCR as NCR is spread across states. The Common Economic Zone is proposed to have rationalized tax structure; uniformity of incentives; uniformity of financial/ banking services; removing restrictions on inter-state traffic movements; uniform power supply, telecommunications, infrastructure like water, sewerage, waste management, pollution control, uniform law & order machinery etc. This Common Economic Zone though is yet to take any formal shape, the same as a long tem measure is in the right direction.

As area-specific strategies, the Central National Capital Region (CNCR) cities like Faridabad shall have induced industrial development taking advantage of the location within NCR and the thrust will be on promoting model/ integrated industrial townships with adequate provision for residential, commercial, institutional, and recreational facilities.

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These townships can also be Special Economic Zones (SEZ) with uninterrupted power supply, efficient telecommunication facilities, integrated transport networks and freight corridors, warehousing and effluent treatment facilities, etc. Further, Faridabad has also been identified as the location for the wholesale trade of auto parts. There is also plan for the development of the Alternative Wholesale Market for auto parts by the concerned state level agency as a joint venture project and proposal to declare auto parts as a commodity under the Specified Commodities Act to avail the benefits.

2.7.3 Major issues pertaining to industrial growth of Faridabad

Consultations and interactions with the officials of MCF, and industrial associations as well as citizens have indicated some of the primary causes for the slowing down of industrial activity in Faridabad, which need to be immediately addressed. The causes are:

Shortage of power and water

This is a common phenomenon across the NCR; it has become a major issue for the existing industrial set-up as well as for those who plan to set shop. The current situation is also against what has been envisaged in the NCR plan proposals of status of SEZs for the industrial locations with uninterrupted power supplies and other infrastructure.

Also, the industry is faced with the challenge of water supplies in future in view of the current situation of non-perennial sources and continuous depletion of ground water sources. Alternate sources for augmentation of supplies, coupled with technology up-gradation and a drive towards reduced industrial water consumption/ recycling are of paramount importance.

Incompatible land uses

Faridabad today is dotted with several industrial units, set up in non-confirming land use categories, primarily residential areas. Also HSIIDC/ HUDA has so far developed only about 3500 industrial plots as against the current number of 15,000 operating industrial units in the city. This is understood to be due to the lack of proposals in the Development Plan for smaller units. Industrial associations have also been vocal in their requirement for organised industrial estates for varied sizes and purposes.

Implementation of long-term strategic proposals of NCR

For being part of NCR, Faridabad has been identified for a varied number of proposals towards mutually benefiting economic growth like, the Common Economic Zone, Alternate Wholesale Market for auto parts, the KMP and KGP Peripheral expressways, MRTS and so on. However, a time-bound action plan for the implementation of the same is necessary on the part of NCRPB to implement the proposals so that the individual cities dont lose out due to delay in implementation of these proposals.

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2.8 INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISM

MCF and HUDA are the primary institutions involved in the physical development or service delivery aspects in Faridabad. All the core municipal services, their design and implementation are within the domain of MCF. HUDA primarily exercises the role of a land developer. To an extent the Town & Country Planning Department of Govt. of Haryana also has an institutional role to play in the form of preparing and notifying the DP for the MCF as well as FCA areas. Implementation of the DP however is outside the purview of Town & Country Planning Department.

Table 1. Institutional Service Responsibility Matrix

Service/ Sector

Planning & Design

Execution

O&M

Town Planning

Town & Country Planning Department

MCF, HUDA

-

Urban poor & Slums

MCF

MCF

MCF

Water Supply

MCF

MCF

MCF/ PPP

Sewerage

MCF

MCF

MCF

Storm Water Drainage

MCF

MCF

MCF

Solid Waste Management

MCF

MCF

MCF/ PPP

Roads, Bridges, Drains

MCF, HUDA

MCF, HUDA

MCF

Street lights

MCF, HUDA

MCF, HUDA

MCF

There is observed to be a clear multiplicity of roles by these institutions due to the fact that each institution operates under different and independent constitutional provisions/ acts and that the administered areas are different from the jurisdictional areas. The same is brought out in the following section. Institutional overlap of service delivery is also elaborated under each respective sector of infrastructure assessment chapter.

2.8.1 Municipal Corporation of Faridabad (MCF)

The Municipal Corporation of Faridabad (MCF) came into existence in 1992 and constituted the erstwhile municipalities of Faridabad Township/ New Industrial Township (NIT), Faridabad Old, Ballabgarh and 38 numbers of revenue villages then referred to as the Faridabad Complex Administration. MCF is governed by the Haryana Municipal Corporation Act, 1994 (HMCA). As per this Act, MCF is obligated to provide basic infrastructure like water supply, drainage, sewerage and roads, and services such as conservancy, fire fighting, streetlights, education and primary health.

The elections to the municipal body are held every five years. The last general elections were held in 2003 and the next are to be held in 2007-08. The ward committees are constituted as per the provision of 74th CAA. There is a Ward Committee for each of the administrative ward within the MCF area.

The Municipal Commissioner is the key figure in local self-government and is the administrative head of MCF; the Commissioner is assisted by senior officials in discharging his functions. The Commissioner manages the day-to-day affairs of the Corporation, subject to approvals and sanctions from the standing committee and the Corporation. Whenever required, the entire executive powers to carry out the provisions of the HMCA are vested in the Commissioner.

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The staffing pattern of MCF under broad heads is presented in the table below. 520 posts in the Corporation are still vacant. Most of these posts are in the conservancy sector. To overcome this shortfall, MCF has engaged the services of persons on daily wages; these persons number 1510. That takes the total staff strength at MCF to 5,317 against the sanctioned 4,327.

Table 2. MCF, Staffing Pattern (2005-06)

Municipal Corporation of Faridabad

Sanctioned

Filled

Gap

Daily Wage

i

General Admin & Tax Collection

521

438

83

12

ii

Water & Sewerage

944

880

64

481

iii

Engineering

217

178

39

33

iv

Accounts

5

2

3

v

Health & Sanitation

139

106

33

4

vi

Conservancy

1,415

1,212

203

750

vii

Town planning

32

25

7

1

viii

Gardens, Fire, Library, and All others

1,054

966

88

229

Total

4,327

3,807

520

1510

MCF at present is largely manual in its functioning with computerisation restricted to a minimal number of senior officers of the Corporation. E-governance systems are yet to be planned and implemented in the Corporation. On the financial management front too, the corporation is lagging behind with introduction of double entry accruals accounting system and computerisation yet to be initiated.

Conformity to the provisions of 74th Constitutional Amendment Act (74th CAA)

Sections 41-44 of the Haryana Municipal Corporation Act, 1994 (HMCA) lays down the powers and functions of the Corporation and the provisions for operationalising these powers and functions are provided in the following chapters. Section 42 of the HMCA lists out the functions that the State Government may entrust to the Corporation through a government order (GO) which essentially comprise the 18 listed items of Schedule XII of the 74th CAA. However, the HMCA doesnt give powers and procedure to operationilise the Schedule XII items. Thus the basic essence of the 74th CAA remains far from achieved.

Since its inception, the Municipal Corporation of Faridabad (MCF) has been the provider and facilitator of all core municipal services, including water supply and sewerage, in its jurisdictional area. However, the jurisdictional area as a term is contiguous as there is more than one service provider and implementing agency within MCFs jurisdictional area. These are HUDA, HSIIDC and Haryana Housing Board etc. HUDA, for example, provides services in the areas being developed by them and transfers these areas/ sectors to MCF for maintenance purposes only after five years of development. This clearly presents the multiplicity of authorities and functions against the very purpose of the 74th CAA.

In the case of Faridabad, only 12 of 18 functions listed under the Schedule XII of 74th CAA have been devolved, but even these are not devolved in true sense as they are not backed by operational procedures in the HMCA and also necessary financial support from State government. Other functions like town planning, urban forestry, and urban poverty alleviation are yet to be devolved.

A summary of the conformity of the provisions of 74th CAA is presented below.

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Regularity in holding of elections: The elections are held every five years. The Corporation was established in 1992. The last general elections were held in 2003 and the next are to be held in 2007-08.

Constitution of Ward committees: The ward committees are constituted as per the provision of 74th CAA. There is a Ward Committee for each of the administrative ward within the MCF area. However there is no clarity on the administrative and sanctioning powers of these ward committees.

Devolution of Planning Functions: No. (Master Plan is prepared by the Town & Country Planning Department and CDP by City Government). Building permissions are given by MCF and HUDA in their respective controlled areas. There is area overlap and functions overlap.

Establishment of the DPC/ MPC: MCF/ Faridabad is part of NCR and NCRPB fits the role.

Others: The repeal of Urban Land (Ceiling & Regulation) Act 1976, suitable amendment to Rent Control Act and Stamp Duty Acts are under consideration by Govt. of Haryana.

E-governance: E-governance is non-operational in MCF. Organisation needs complete restructuring and strengthening.

2.8.2 Haryana Urban Development Authority (HUDA)

HUDA, a statutory body of Government of Haryana was constituted under the Haryana Urban Development Authority Act, 1977 (HUDAA). HUDA is carved out of the erstwhile Department of Urban Estates to overcome the difficulties in development and implementation by different agencies/ departments and to achieve the expeditious development of urban estates, so that HUDA can take up all the developmental activities by itself and provide various facilities in the urban estates. The main functions of HUDA are as under:

To promote and secure development of urban areas with the power to acquire, sell and dispose off property, both movable and immovable;

To acquire, develop and dispose land for residential, industrial and commercial purposes;

To make available developed land to Haryana Housing Board and other bodies for providing houses to economically weaker sections of the society; and Some sectors within MCF Area but being maintained by HUDA

To undertake building works.

HUDA has so far setup 27 urban estates throughout the state of Haryana of which one estate is in Faridabad and extends beyond the MCF limits into the FCA and administered by a zonal Administrator assisted by an estate officer and an assistant estate officer. The main functions of these Estate Officers are to sell developed and undeveloped plots of all categories of land and realise the amount of installments.

A good number of developed sectors within Faridabad as presented in the adjacent figure are under the administration and management of HUDA.

15


These sectors are residential, commercial as well as industrial in nature. At present the Sectors being maintained by HUDA are 3, 12, 20A & B, 21 C Part III, 21D, 30, 31, 44 to 48, 55, 58, 59 and Dhauj Crushing Zone. New sectors being developed by HUDA are 2, 56, 56A, 62, 64 and 65.

It may be noted that HUDA apart from providing basic infrastructure like roads, drains and street lights as part of development of a sector, maintains the sector for five years. If such sectors fall under the jurisdiction of MCF they are later transferred to MCF for further maintenance. However water supply, sewerage and waste management functions are looked after by MCF from the day of the development of the sector irrespective of whether it is administered by MCF or not. This situation is understood to be leading to a lot of revenue loss to MCF.

2.8.3 Town & Country Planning Department, Govt. of Haryana

The Town & Country Planning Department of Govt. of Haryana has prepared/ finalised the Development Plan (DP) for the Faridabad-Ballabgarh Controlled area including the present MCF area. The Town & Country Planning Department prepares the Development Plan taking into consideration the further needs of industrial, residential and commercial sectors so as to ensure proper and planned urban development, exercising the powers inherited by sub-section(4) of section 5 of Punjab Development Act, 1963.

However the implementation of the same is not the domain of the department. Respective agency like HUDA, HSIIDC and MCF take up the role of implementation of the DP indirectly. That is as and when such agency intends to develop a particular sector, land is acquired and detailed planning scheme is prepared in line with the proposals of the DP by that agency and implementation of the same is taken up.

2.8.4 Major issues pertaining to Institutional Mechanism in Faridabad

Consultations and interactions with the officials of various agencies like MCF, HUDA, Town & Country Planning Department etc as well as citizens have stressed upon the below mentioned aspects as the prime reasons for the lack of clarity on institutional aspects and governance of the city of Faridabad.

Lacking legal and constitutional support for right implementation of 74th CAA

Section 42 of the HMCA only lists out 18 items of Schedule XII of the 74th CAA but did not provide for any powers and operationilising procedure. Accordingly only 12 of 18 functions have been devolved to MCF but not backed by operational procedures. Further other functions like town planning, urban forestry, and urban poverty alleviation are yet to be devolved. Thus the basic essence of the 74th CAA remains far from achieved.

Multiplicity of authorities and functions

The jurisdictional area of MCF as a term is contiguous as at times MCFs services extends into FCA and there is more than one implementing agency within MCFs jurisdictional area like HUDA. The multiplicity is also due to the applicability of different acts to different agencies like the HMCA for MCF, HUDAA for HUDA, and so on. For example, buildings developed in HUDA administered areas follow the HUDA (Erection of Buildings) Regulations, 1979 and such areas after any transfer to MCF administration will have to comply with the Building Regulations provided in Chapter XIV of HMCA.

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No say for MCF in preparation of DP for its jurisdictional area

As of the Town & Country Planning Department of Govt. of Haryana is the sole agency that prepares the DP for all urban areas/ controlled areas in the state. Town planning as a function is yet to be devolved to MCF in line with 74th CAA and as earlier mentioned, the jurisdictional area of MCF as a term itself is contiguous due to multiplicity of service providing and implementing agencies.

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3 FORMULATION OF VISION AND MISSION

3.1 APPROACH TO FORMULATING A VISION FOR FARIDABAD UNDER CDP

The CDP is the Municipal Corporations strategy that outlines the vision for the growth of the city and details how the Corporation together with stakeholders intends to achieve its long-term vision. The CDP leads to the translation of missions into actions and actions into outcomes. In this context, stakeholder consultations were held before finalizing the CDP. The stakeholder consultations were held at organizational and individual levels, and included workshops. The objective was to bring all stakeholders on one platform and enable them to voice their opinions and come to a consensus on issues, strategies and actions. 11223344City Stakeholder Consultations/ WorkshopData Collection, Situation AnalysisInteraction WorkshopOfficials WorkshopProject FinanceImplementation OptionsStrategic Planning/ Reforms timelinesConsultations and Revisions to draft CDP

MCF ConsultationsVision and Mission statementsDraft CDPAugust 16th2006July 16th, 2006July 8th-July 11th-Credit Strength AssessmentProject Identification & PrioritizationFinal CDP/ApprovalInfrastructure Gaps/Investment Needs

The stakeholders comprised Corporation officials; elected representatives; officials from line agencies, NGOs, resident welfare associations, industry associations and vyapar mandals; advocates; chartered accountants; and citizens. The stakeholder consultations also involved representatives of the HUDA, the PWD-PH, and the Town & Country Planning department. In addition, individual discussions were held with Faridabad MLAs and MPs.

Three workshops were held during the period of 8th July 2006 to 16th July 2006 as illustrated in the chart above. The outcomes of each discussion and workshop are summarized in the following section: this discussion forms the base for the formulation of a vision for the city, strategies and action plans. The details of the participants and the summary of consultations are presented in Annexures 1 and 4.

3.2 STAKEHOLDERS CONSULTATIONS THE PROCESS AND OUTCOME

The various levels of consultations/ discussions organised for formulating the CDP, which followed a structured format with a pre-defined agenda and objectives, are presented below. The process details and the summary of the outcomes of each consultation are discussed in the respective sections.

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Nature of Consultation

Participants

1. JNNURM Interactive Workshop July 8th, 2006

Under chairmanship of Divisional Commissioner- Officials from GoI, GoH, MCF, NIUA, HUDCo, NBCC.

2. MCF Officials Workshop- July 11th, 2006

MCF officials including officials from HUDA, PWD-PH, Town & Country Planning department, District Industries Centre, Dhakshin Haryana Bijlee Vitharan Nigam (DHBVN).

3. Discussion with Elected Representatives

Shri Avatar Singh Bhadana- MP Faridabad

Shri AC Chowdary, MLA, NIT, Faridabad

Shri Mahendra Pratap Sing, MLA, Faridabad

Smt. Sharada Rathode, MLA Ballabgarh

4. Vision Workshop July 16, 2006

Citizens, Industries Association, Vypar Mandal, Resident Welfare Associations, NGOs, newspaper groups, line agencies and municipal officials.

5. Discussion on Draft CDP with HUIDB on September 6th 2006

MCF officials, Council members and HUIDB officials

Interactive Workshop

As part of the CDP process, MCF organised various workshops. The interactive session was the first in this process, organised on July 8th, 2006 and was chaired by the Divisional Commissioner Gurgaon. The participants were representatives from the GoI and the GoH, MCF officials and officials of all line agencies with offices in Faridabad.

The objective of the workshop was to create awareness among the stakeholders of Faridabad regarding the JNNURM objectives, the process and the guidelines for preparation & evaluation criteria for City Development Plan and the Detail Project Report. During the workshop, the consultants presented the CDP process being adopted for Faridabad. Further, there were a series of presentations on the objectives of JNNURM, mandatory and optional reforms, guidelines for the preparation of DPR for citywide and basic urban services for poor projects, evaluation process and expectations from the CDP and DPRs by officials from GoI, Housing and Urban Development Corporation (HUDCO), National Building Construction Company (NBCC) and National Institute of Urban Affairs (NIUA), etc.

Representatives from GoI have appraised the MCF officials on the objective of JNNURM and the commitment from MCF on the reforms and objectives of linking investment with reforms. NIUA representatives have explained the CDP appraisal process. The following aspects should be addressed clearly and in greater detailed in the CDP demography, urban poor, urban finance and city vision.

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Officials from NBCC and HUDCO have appraised the gathering about various aspects of DPR, areas which need to be detailed out in the DPR like area coverage, rate analysis, and cost analysis of various technologies. In the case of basic services for the urban poor, there should be a separate DPR for each slum. The DPRs should be comprehensive, taking into account housing and infrastructure requirement, beneficiary details, etc.

The MCF Workshop

Following the interactive workshop, an in-house workshop involving officials from MCF and line agencies was organised on 11th July 2006. It was a kick-off meeting to create awareness regarding JNNURM and the CDP process. The objective of the workshop was to secure the implementing agencys views on issues such as the strengths of Faridabad and the areas, which deserve focus in the interests of the citys development. Over 50 officials, including the Municipal Commissioner, Joint Commissioners and department heads of MCF and representatives from line agencies attended the workshop.

The meeting started with a brief introduction of JNNURM, highlighting its features, objectives and desired reforms. The importance of JNNURM and the crucial role of the CDP were explained. Following these initial discussions, a presentation was made before all officials on facts and figures relating to Faridabads demography, economics, MCFs financial profile, civic infrastructure and related issues, and proposed reforms to be implemented under JNNURM. Later, the officials were asked to identify the major issues concerning the city, specific issues concerning municipal services and strategies and actions required to address the issues. In addition, officials were also provided with data formats and were briefed on the purpose and relevance of the detailed data. This is crucial for the CDP preparation and the identification of issues, projects and strategies.

The strengths of Faridabad, according to the MCF officials, were its strong industrial base, and its proximity and connectivity to New Delhi. With regard to their vision for Faridabad, participants wished to see Faridabad as the best city of Haryana, clean and beautiful with ideal infrastructure facilities and an efficient public transport system.

During the discussion, the Commissioner of MCF indicated that Faridabad needs to have a comprehensive plan for sewerage, storm water disposal, a well-planned road network, multi- level parking facilities, and the improvement and beautification of all traffic junctions. Also, the plan needs to provide for the expediting of ongoing efforts to develop parks and playgrounds in all residential sectors. Additionally, the Commissioner has stressed that MCF should strive to computerise all its departments and implement e-Governance in all areas of its operations.

The participants and the outcome of the workshop are presented in Annexures 2 and 4.

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Discussion with Elected Representatives

In order to get the larger picture or vision for Faridabad and the order of priorities, individual discussions were held with the elected representatives -- Shri. Avatar Singhji Bhadana, Member of Parliament; members of the Legislative Assembly representing MCF; Shri. A.C. Chowdary; Shri. Mahendra Pratap Singhji; and Smt. Sharada Rathod. The detailed discussion with the elected representatives is recorded in Annexure 4.

All the elected representatives felt that Faridabad would face problems mainly in the areas - water supply, sewerage & drainage, and internal/ regional connectivity - if planned interventions are not given importance. The number of slums has been continuously increasing; the slum dwellers do not have access to basic services. The concentration of these locations in industrial and other environmentally sensitive areas is also a major problem that should be immediately tackled. The increasing crime rate in Faridabad is major fallout of the slowdown of industrial growth as well as the failure of various urban poor/ slum development initiatives due to restrictions on the development of slums on government lands. Owing to these shortcomings, Faridabad is not in a position to compete with other cities in attracting new investments, particularly in the service sector.

The elected representatives have suggested that to regain lost glory, Faridabad needs to urgently address the development of its city civic infrastructure, power supply, availability of higher educational facilities and medical facilities, which are lacking in Faridabad.

The City Stakeholder Workshop

This workshop was held on 16th July, 2006 with the objective of bringing together municipal decision-makers and stakeholders to arrive at a consensus and define the vision and mission for Faridabads economic growth for improving the quality of life in the city. Mr. Mehtab Singh, IAS, Commissioner of MCF, had chaired and coordinated the workshop. Mr. Sunderlal Sharma, Senior Deputy Mayor and Mr. NK Katara, Superintending Engineer, MCF was also on the panel to facilitate the discussion.

The workshop commenced with a welcome note by Mr. NK Katara. He unfolded the concept of the City Development Plan (CDP) in the context of the JNNURM and further explained the objective of JNNURM under which the Government plans to provide capital grants to urban local bodies (ULB) for funding various urban infrastructure projects/ initiatives that bring greater transparency, accountability and governance in the functioning of the Corporation. He emphasised that no proposal would be accepted unless a CDP was in place and that the idea of the CDP was to fund projects, which fitted into the overall vision of the city.

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Later, CRISIL Infrastructure Advisory representatives presented the CDP process being adopted in Faridabad and gave out facts and figures based on a rapid assessment of the city that was carried out by the consultants. In addition, stakeholders were apprised of the potential and challenges which Faridabad needed to overcome to improve its infrastructure and be eligible for JNNURM funding. These talks and presentations created an understanding amongst the stakeholders regarding JNNURM and the importance of the CDP. The stakeholders were then requested to focus their discussion on the following aspects:

The major issues related to Faridabad and factors affecting economic growth

Issues related to municipal services

The future of Faridabad, i.e., Faridabad in the next 15-20 years from the perspective of economic development and municipal services

Strategies and actions required

Your contribution towards the betterment of Faridabad

The stakeholders discussions mainly focused on the poor state of infrastructure and unauthorised construction; unplanned development of industrial estates and location of industries in residential areas; and non -availability of developed industrial plots as per the requirement of different industries. The stakeholders were appreciative of this exercise and suggested that MCF should conduct such meetings frequently to get feedback from citizens. The commissioner readily accepted this suggestion and promised to hold such meetings regularly during the implementation of JNNURM. The details of issues, suggestions and strategies proposed by stakeholders are presented in Annexure 4.

Representation of Urban poor & Slums in Stakeholder Consultations

Due to the poor quality of data and lack of any socio-economic data on slums in Faridabad, consultations with citizens have been the main recourse to identify issues pertaining to services delivery in slums. Considering the need and importance for representation of the same in the stakeholder consultations, each consultation and discussion also focused on aspects related to urban poor and slums in the city. These consultations were in the form of discussions with the MP/ MLA specifically on the slums; discussions with the elected representatives/ corporators of each ward on the status and problems of slums in their ward; consultations with the NGOs working in these slums; and discussions with slum dwellers during visits to select slums in the city like Bapu Nagar, Dabua Colony, Mirjapur etc.

Presentation of Draft CDP

Based on the inputs from stakeholder consultations, workshops and an analytical review of existing infrastructure, the Draft CDP was formulated, replete with a city investment plan which showed MCFs investment capacity and its strategies and action plan for implementation of CDP. The same is submitted in the form a report to elicit feedback. The draft CDP was also placed for discussion with HUIDB officials on 6th September 2006 based on which the state level sanctioning committee has proposed for approval of the Draft CDP and finalization for onward submission of final CDP to GoI. The draft CDP was also presented by MCF to its Council. The feedback thus received from all such quarters was used to further refine the Draft CDP for final submission to the GoI for approval.

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3.3 VISION FOR FARIDABAD

The vision for Faridabad was drafted based

Documents

Urban Design