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Updates on Biochar Issues and Gasifier Stove Technology
Presentation toIllinois Biochar Group
5 April 2013Paul S. Anderson, PhD “Dr TLUD”
[email protected] Chip Energy, Goodfield, IL
Two Themes• Large TLUDs for making charcoal
in Cambodia
• Biochar research results of T. R. Preston and the LRRD, Colombia
Charcoal Production in
Large TLUD Pyrolyzers in
Cambodia
Fuel is coconut shells, that are crushed, and later loaded into large TLUD devices.
TLUD Pyrolyzers with 15 inch Inside Diameter for Fuel.
Large blower circulates the hot exhaust gases through a tunnel for drying the charcoal briquettes.
Removal of the Hot Charcoal
Extruding Briquettes,onto Drying Racks,
and in a Charcoal Stove
Acknowledgement• The following Power Point Slides were
prepared by T. R. Preston and delivered as part of his presentation to the Biochar Conference in Siem Reap, Cambodia, in March 2013.
• Dr. Preston has given permission to re-show these slides.
• His references are provided at the end.• Questions concerning this material should be
directed to Dr. Preston.
Production and use of biochar in integrated
farming systems
T R PrestonFinca Ecologica, AA48
Socorro, [email protected]
The strategy to sequester carbon in the soil
The gasifier stove (Paul Olivier)
Biochar and biodigester effluent on growth of maize
Rodríguez et al 2009
Biochar and biodigester effluent on root growth of maize
Rodríguez et al 2009
Root development in the subsoil with and without biochar and effluent
Effect of biochar on soil pH
BiocharControl Charcoal
Biochar for Taro in Laos
Taro yield, 1st harvest 84 days
Taro 2nd harvest 112 days
Taro 3rd harvest 140 days
Predicted annual yield of Taro biomass with biochar
0 50 1000
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
Effluent N, kg N/ha
DM
yie
ld,
kg
/year
Sources of biochar on low pH soil (feralite) and high pH (sandy)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Feralite SandyA
bove g
rou
un
d b
iom
ass,
g
Sources of biochar on low pH soil (feralite) and high pH (sandy)
Non
e
Rice
husk
Bambo
o
Cocon
ut d
ust
Suga
r ca
ne b
agas
se0
4
8
12
16
20
Feralite SandyM
aiz
e r
oot,
g
Biochar and nutritive value of green mustard
Chhay Ty et al 2013
0 1 2 3 4 50
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
f(x) = 0.948571428571429 x + 12.78R² = 0.958969897337742
f(x) = 0.376 x + 6.834R² = 0.992808988764045
Leaves
Biochar, kg/m2
Cru
de p
rote
in,
% in
DM
Biochar and crude fiber in green mustard
Chhay Ty et al 2013
0 1 2 3 4 502468
1012141618
f(x) = − 1.08714285714286 x + 16.05R² = 0.95582660075757
f(x) = − 0.931428571428572 x + 16.46R² = 0.92125520110957
Leaves Linear (Leaves)Stem Linear (Stem)
Biochar, kg/m2
Cru
de fi
ber,
%
in
DM
Growth of maize with biochar submerged in effluent
0 24 48 72 960
5
10
15
20
25
30
35Sin efluente Con efluente
Time submerged in effluent, h
Maiz
, g
DM
in
35
days
No effuent With effluent
Biochar in animal feed
Methane in cattle fed cassava root and forage; effect of biochar and nitrate
Biochar Nitrate Biochar + nitrate
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45R
ed
uct
ion
in
meth
an
e p
rod
uct
ion
, %
Results in Kenya in re:char test plots
http://www.re-char.com/2013/01/24/the-longterm-impact-of-biochar-in-soil-season-2/
References provided by T R Preston, from the first item in this listing.
Chhay Ty, Vor Sina, Khieu Borin and Preston T R 2013 Effect of different levels of biochar on the yield and nutritive value of Celery cabbage (Brassica chinensis var), Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis), Mustard green (Brassica juncea) and Water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica). Livestock Research for Rural Development. Volume 25, Article #008. Retrieved , from http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd25/1/chha25008.htm
Boun Suy Tan 2010 Biochar Innovation from the UK Biochar Research Center. http://biocharinnovation.wordpress.com/wokshop-cambodia/
Husk B and Major Julie 2011 Biochar Commercial Agriculture Field Trial in Québec, Canada – Year Three: Effects of Biochar on Forage Plant Biomass Quantity, Quality and Milk Production. http://opensourceecology.org/w/images/5/55/BlueLeafBiocharForageFieldTrial-Year3Report.pdf
Huy Sokchea, Khieu Borin and Preston T R 2013 Effect of biochar from rice husks (combusted in a downdraft gasifier or a paddy rice dryer) on production of rice fertilized with biodigester effluent or urea; Livestock Research for Rural Development. Volume 25, Article #004. Retrieved , from http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd25/1/sokc25004.htm (Continued on next slide)
Phalla and Preston 2005 Co-generation of energy and feed/food in integrated farming systems for socio-economic and environmental benefits. http://wwwmekarn.org/msc2003-05/theseso5/phallacont.htm
Pham Van Luu, Duong Nguyen Khang and Preston T R 2011 Effects of biochar from gasifier and effluent from biodigester for improving soil fertility and yield of green mustard Brassica juncea (L.). Workshop on Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Livestock and Soils (Editors: Reg Preston and Sisomphone Southavong). National Institute of Animal Science, Hanoi, 14-15 November 2011. httm://www.mekarn.org/workshops/GHG-CC/luu.htm
Rodrigues L, Salazar P and Preston T R 2009. Effect of biochar and biodigester effluent on growth of maize in acid soils. Livestock Research for Rural Development. Volume 21, Article#110. http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd21/7/rodr21110.htm
Southavong S, Preston T R and Man N V 2012 Effect of biochar and charcoal with staggered application of biodigester effluent on growth of water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica). Livestock Research for Rural Development. Volume 24, Article #39. Retrieved December 17, 2012, from http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd24/2/siso24039.htm
