UOP SelexolTM Technologyfor Acid Gas Removal

UOP SelexolTM Technologyfor Acid Gas Removal

© 2009 UOP LLC. All rights reserved. UOP 5241F-01

Main Points of Presentation

• Overview of the Selexol process• Natural gas applications• Syngas applications• Selexol operation – Coffeyville Resources• UOP Experience and Technical Services• Summary

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What is the Selexol Process?

• Absorption/regeneration process for selective removal of H2S, COS, RSH & CO2

- Uses a physical solvent- Loading directly proportional to partial pressure- Uses a typical solvent-extraction flow-scheme

• Product Quality- Can be essentially sulfur free- Project specific CO2 capture and quality- Project specific acid gas H2S concentration

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Partial Pressure

Solv

ent L

oadi

ng

Solvent Loading Comparison

Physical

Chemical

High acid gas partial

pressures in syngas are

ideal for physical solvent

application

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DoDo’’ss Selective HSelective H22S removalS removal Total Sulfur removalTotal Sulfur removal

(COS, CS(COS, CS22, RSH), RSH) COCO22 removal / captureremoval / capture Natural Gas ApplicationsNatural Gas Applications Synthesis Gas Synthesis Gas

PurificationPurification Acid gas removal with Acid gas removal with

simultaneous simultaneous dehydrationdehydration

Landfill gas treatingLandfill gas treating

Don'tsDon'ts Rich HC SteamsRich HC Steams Low Acid Gas Partial Low Acid Gas Partial

PressuresPressures

Selexol Process Do’s and Don’ts

UOP 4375A-26

Selexol Solvent Characteristics• Relative Selectivity

Methane Hydrogen- H2S ~ 135 ~ 680 - CH3SH ~ 340 ~1700- CO2 ~ 9 ~45- CO ~0.43 ~2.2- COS ~35 ~175

• High Selectivity of H2S over CO2 allows:- Selective absorption of H2S in the Absorber- Enhanced recovery of CO2 in flash drum- Minimizes CO2 in acid gas- Lowers SRU costs- Higher power production

• Good Selectivity for CO2 over H2

- Supports separate CO2 production- Minimizes downstream H2 purification UOP 5241F-04

Selexol Solvent Characteristics

• High Selectivity of H2S over CO2 allows:- Selective absorption of H2S in the Absorber- Enhanced recovery of CO2 in flash drum- Minimizes CO2 in acid gas, - Lowers SRU costs- Higher power production

• Good Selectivity for CO2 over H2- Supports separate CO2 production- Minimizes downstream H2 purification

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Additional Selexol Process Benefits

• Low corrosion rates- No formation of heat-stable salts

• Minimal process effluents- Reclaiming and/or purging of solvent not required

• Protection of downstream equipment- Metal Carbonyls are captured by Selexol

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Main Points of Presentation

• Overview of the Selexol process• Natural gas applications• Syngas applications• Selexol operation – Coffeyville Resources• UOP Experience and Technical Services• Summary

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Natural Gas Feed Composition

New gas discoveries typically contain more CO2 & H2S than existing sources

~0 to 3Butane

saturatedWaterppbMercury

ppm to >20%Total Sulfurppm to >80%Carbon dioxide

~0 to 1C6 to C40+~0 to 3Pentane

~0 to 6Propane~0 to 10Ethane

~20 to 99MethaneComposition Ranges (volume %)Natural Gas

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Selexol Process for Natural Gas Applications

• More effective at acid gas partial pressures above 50 psi in the feed

• Particularly effective at high acid gas partial pressure conditions and for bulk removal

• Selective removal of H2S if desired• The heavy hydrocarbon(C4

+) concentration should be low, preferably limited to 1 vol%.

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Selexol FlowschemeBulk Acid Gas Removal

Absorber

FeedGas

CO2

TreatedGas

Lean SolutionFilter

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Selexol Advantages in NG Applications

• Little or no energy required for solvent regeneration• Inert gas can be used for solvent stripping if

required• Selexol treating also aids in dew point reduction• Can be used with or without refrigeration

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Main Points of Presentation

• Overview of the Selexol process• Natural gas applications• Syngas applications• Selexol operation – Coffeyville Resources• UOP Experience and Technical Services• Summary

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Gasification Project Objectives

Power

Hydrogen

FuturePresentPast

Other Products

CO2 Capture

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Syngas Applications

Typical Flow-schemes Sulfur removal only– Typically for power applications where sulfur removal to 10 to 20 ppmv– One solvent absorber with solvent regeneration

Sulfur removal with separate CO2 removal and capture– Used for hydrogen, chemical and coal to liquids applications– Independent absorbers with common solvent regeneration

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Selexol Flowscheme for Sulfur Removal

H2S Absorber

H2SStripper

RefluxAccumulator

ExportWater

MakeupWater

RefluxPump

StripperReboiler

AcidGas

Lean SolutionFilter

H2SConcentrator

PackinoxExchanger

FeedGas

TreatedGas

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Selexol Flowschemefor Sulfur Removal and CO2 Capture

CO2Absorber

SulfurAbsorber

Lean Solution

Filter

H2SStripper

RefluxAccumulator

AcidGas

RefluxPump Export

Water

StripperReboiler

H2SConcentrator

PackinoxExchanger

FeedGas

CO2

TreatedGas

MakeupWater

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Requirements for Syngas Applications

Processing Requirements:• Efficient sulfur recovery

• Facilitate production of co-products

• High reliability

• CO2 capture with H2to gas turbine

• Improved sulfur block economics

Selexol technology meets all requirements !

Addressed by Selexol?High overall sulfur

recovery (> 99.75%)Bulk CO2 removal if

necessaryNo Metal Carbonyls or

Solvent Issues High CO2 selectivity with

H2 in Syngas applicationsReduces overall costs by

>4%

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Main Points of Presentation

• Overview of the Selexol process• Natural gas applications• Syngas applications• Selexol operation – Coffeyville Resources• UOP Experience and Technical Services• Summary

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Coffeyville ResourcesCoffeyville, Kansas, USA

Gasification Ammonia Complex

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Coffeyville Resources Ammonia Fertilizer Complex

Feedstock: 45 MT/H petroleum cokeEPC Contractor: Black & Veatch PritchardCommercial Operation: July 2000

Process LicensorsGasification: ChevronTexacoGas Purification Block:

- Acid Gas Removal: Selexol- H2 Purification: Polybed PSA

Sulfur: Black & Veatch PritchardAir Separation: BOCAmmonia / UAN: Ammonia Casale / Weatherly

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Coffeyville Resources Ammonia Fertilizer Complex

• Complex converts petroleum coke to syngas for production of ammonia (21 T/H) and urea ammonium nitrate solution (62 T/H) with sulfur byproduct.

• Uses UOP Gas Purification Block- Removal of acid gases in a 2-stage Selexol unit with

refrigerated solvent- H2S and CO2 are captured separately with hydrogen

product sent to the ammonia synthesis plant and CO2sent to the UAN plant

- Final H2 purification in Polybed PSA unit

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Coffeyville Block Flow Diagram

Air SeparationUnit

AmmoniaSynthesis

N2

PolybedPSA

UAN Plant

NH3 Product

UANProduct

O2High Purity Hydrogen Purified CO2

QuenchGasification

SyngasScrubbing CO Shift &

Gas CoolingSelexol2-Stage

Unit

Petroleum Coke

Tail Gas

Air

Claus Plant

Acid Gas

Raw CO2

CO2Purification CO2 Vent

Raw H2

UOP TechnologiesUOP 5241F-23

Coffeyville Design Basis

Feed Stream SpecificationsFeed Flowrate 169,000 Nm3/hr (151 MM SCFD)Pressure 36.9 bar-a (535 psia)Temperature 38 ºC (100 ºF)

Component Mole %H2 > 56CO ~ 1.2 CO2 ~ 41H2S and COS ~ 0.6CH4, Ar, & N2~ 1H2O Saturated

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Coffeyville Design Basis

Stream Specifications Product Raw H2 Product

Flowrate 101,900 Nm3/hr (90 MM SCFD)Product Purity 93 mole % H2 (minimum)

Raw CO2 ProductFlowrate 11,900 Nm3/hr (10.6 MM SCFD)Product Purity 95 mole % CO2 (minimum)

CO2 Removed ~ 94 %Acid Gas

Product Purity 44 mole % H2S (minimum)

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Coffeyville Actual Operations

Operating Results• Raw H2 to PSA Design Actual

DesignActual- H2, % 93 > 93- CO2, % NA < 5- H2S, ppm NA < 1- COS, ppm NA < 1

• Raw CO2 to UAN- CO2, % 95 > 95- H2S, ppm NA < 1- COS, ppm NA < 10

Units met all process requirements !UOP 5241F-26

Main Points of Presentation

• Overview of the Selexol process• Natural gas applications• Syngas applications• Selexol operation – Coffeyville Resources• UOP Experience and Technical Services• Summary

UOP 5241F-27

Selexol ProcessCommercial Experience

• Over 60+ operating units- Both Natural Gas and Gasification applications

• 4 Recent Gasification Applications in Operation- Sarlux – Italy – IGCC Power plus H2

- API – Italy – IGCC Power- Coffeyville Resources - USA -NH3/UAN- OptiCanada – Oil Sands Canada – H2 plus fuel

• Multiple large units in engineering phase- Residue gasification for H2 production, Oil Sands Canada- Other gasification projects 9 poly Generation projects)

Power NH3

Coal to liquids Methanol SNG

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Technical Service

TrainingHAZOP

Unit CheckoutOn-Site TrainingTest Run

Continuing ServicesData Link Access

to Process Experts– Remote Process

Monitoring– Analytical Support

SymposiaProcess TrainingTurnaround Service Inspection

Guaranteed PerformanceProject Design

Training & Start-up

On-going Optimization & Innovation

Before During After

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Selexol Process-Summary

• The Selexol process is a proven licensed technology• Selexol technology has unique capabilities for acid gas

removal applications• Relative selectivity allows for high quality project

specific product streams• Effective removal of all sulfur species• Simultaneous dehydration of feed streams• Can be an economically attractive option for Natural Gas

applications• UOP can assist you in optimizing and maximizing the

value of your project

UOP 5241F-30

Selexol Process Summary

• The Selexol process is a proven licensed technology

• Selexol technology has unique capabilities for acid gas removal applications

• Relative selectivity allows for high quality project specific product streams

• Effective removal of all sulfur species• Simultaneous dehydration of feed streams• Can be an economically attractive option for

Natural Gas applications• UOP can assist you in optimizing and

maximizing the value of your project

UOP 5241B-37

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