14
. Instructor: Mansoor Sheik-Bahae Office: PAIS, Room 2220 Phone: 226-3693 e-mail: [email protected] Office Hours: Make an appointment or stop by TA: Mingyang Zhang Textbook The final grade is weighted as follows: Midterm Exam: 45% Final Project (paper + presentation): 40% Homework: 15% (nearly every 2 weeks) OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING University of New Mexico PHYC/ECE 568: NONLINEAR OPTICS University of New Mexico Spring 2020 [email protected] 4 th edition will be out in March

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Page 1: University of New Mexico PHYC/ECE 568: NONLINEAR OPTICSmsbahae.unm.edu/Courses/568 Nonlinear Optics/introduction-2020.p… · Quantum Mechanical Treatment of Nonlinear Susceptibilities

.

Instructor: Mansoor Sheik-Bahae

Office: PAIS, Room 2220

Phone: 226-3693 e-mail: [email protected]

Office Hours: Make an appointment or stop by

TA: Mingyang Zhang

Textbook

The final grade is weighted as follows:

Midterm Exam: 45%

Final Project (paper + presentation): 40%

Homework: 15% (nearly every 2 weeks)

OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING University of New Mexico

PHYC/ECE 568: NONLINEAR OPTICSUniversity of New Mexico

Spring 2020

[email protected]

4th edition will be out in March

Page 2: University of New Mexico PHYC/ECE 568: NONLINEAR OPTICSmsbahae.unm.edu/Courses/568 Nonlinear Optics/introduction-2020.p… · Quantum Mechanical Treatment of Nonlinear Susceptibilities

Introduction (historical overview, applications of NLO)

Nonlinear Susceptibilities (c(2) and c(3) processes, nonlinear refraction and absorption)

Classical Anharmonic Oscillator Model

Properties of Nonlinear Susceptibilities (symmetries, Kramers-Kronig dispersion relations)

Wave Propagation in NLO Media (coupled amplitude equations for c(2) processes, phase matching, second harmonic

generation, sum and difference frequency generation, optical parametric processes, cascading nonlinearities)

Quantum Mechanical Treatment of Nonlinear Susceptibilities

c(3) Processes (electronic, vibrational and rotational effects, optical Kerr effect, self-focusing, wave-mixing, bistability,

phase-conjugation, beam coupling, solitons)

Photo-Refractive Nonlinearities

Stimulated Light Scattering (stimulated Raman, Brillouin, and Rayleigh scattering)

Recent advances in ultrafast NLO (high-harmonic generation, atto-physics, terahertz)

OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING University of New Mexico

Course Syllabus

Page 3: University of New Mexico PHYC/ECE 568: NONLINEAR OPTICSmsbahae.unm.edu/Courses/568 Nonlinear Optics/introduction-2020.p… · Quantum Mechanical Treatment of Nonlinear Susceptibilities

What is Nonlinear Optics?

1

2

At low intensities light beams cross without any interaction (linear optics)

Light beams interact with each other, or themselves at high intensities (nonlinear optics)

1 ± 2, 21 , 22 , 31 , …

Primary Manifestations: • sum, difference, harmonic frequency generation (new frequencies)• modulating refractive index and absorption coefficient; examples:

I

Innn

0

20

𝛻 2𝐸 −1

𝑐2𝜕2𝐸

𝜕𝑡2=𝜇0

𝜕2𝑃

𝜕𝑡2

𝑃 = 𝜖0(𝜒1 𝐸 + 𝜒 2 𝐸2 + 𝜒 3 𝐸3 +⋯)

𝑃 = 𝜖0𝜒1 𝐸

wave mixing

OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING University of New Mexico

Page 4: University of New Mexico PHYC/ECE 568: NONLINEAR OPTICSmsbahae.unm.edu/Courses/568 Nonlinear Optics/introduction-2020.p… · Quantum Mechanical Treatment of Nonlinear Susceptibilities

Optical Computers !

I

Innn

0

20

OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING University of New Mexico

Page 5: University of New Mexico PHYC/ECE 568: NONLINEAR OPTICSmsbahae.unm.edu/Courses/568 Nonlinear Optics/introduction-2020.p… · Quantum Mechanical Treatment of Nonlinear Susceptibilities

1961: NLO was born!

Peter Franken (1929-1999)

University of Michigan

𝑃 = 𝜖0𝜒2 𝐸2

Page 6: University of New Mexico PHYC/ECE 568: NONLINEAR OPTICSmsbahae.unm.edu/Courses/568 Nonlinear Optics/introduction-2020.p… · Quantum Mechanical Treatment of Nonlinear Susceptibilities

Second Harmonic Generation (SHG): Green Laser Pointer

OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING University of New Mexico

Page 7: University of New Mexico PHYC/ECE 568: NONLINEAR OPTICSmsbahae.unm.edu/Courses/568 Nonlinear Optics/introduction-2020.p… · Quantum Mechanical Treatment of Nonlinear Susceptibilities

1961: NLO was born!

Linear (one-photon)fluorescence

Two-photonfluorescence (TPF)

Three-photonfluorescence (3PF)

𝑃 = 𝜖0𝜒3 𝐸3

𝛼 = 𝛼0 + 𝛽𝐼

Two-photon absorption

OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING University of New Mexico

Page 8: University of New Mexico PHYC/ECE 568: NONLINEAR OPTICSmsbahae.unm.edu/Courses/568 Nonlinear Optics/introduction-2020.p… · Quantum Mechanical Treatment of Nonlinear Susceptibilities

Two-photon microscopy

Two-photon polymerizationOPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING University of New Mexico

Page 9: University of New Mexico PHYC/ECE 568: NONLINEAR OPTICSmsbahae.unm.edu/Courses/568 Nonlinear Optics/introduction-2020.p… · Quantum Mechanical Treatment of Nonlinear Susceptibilities

Theoretical Foundations

Maria Goeppert-Mayer (June 28, 1906 – February 20, 1972)

Two-photon absorption theory (1931, doctoral dissertation)

h

h

Awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1963, shared with J. Hans D. Jensen and Eugene Paul Wigner.

I 0

OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING University of New Mexico

Page 10: University of New Mexico PHYC/ECE 568: NONLINEAR OPTICSmsbahae.unm.edu/Courses/568 Nonlinear Optics/introduction-2020.p… · Quantum Mechanical Treatment of Nonlinear Susceptibilities

Nicholas Bloembergen1962- 2017

Theoretical Foundations

Nobel Prize in Physics, 1981

(July 2011) in Hawaii (NLO Meeting)OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING University of New Mexico

Page 11: University of New Mexico PHYC/ECE 568: NONLINEAR OPTICSmsbahae.unm.edu/Courses/568 Nonlinear Optics/introduction-2020.p… · Quantum Mechanical Treatment of Nonlinear Susceptibilities

Femtosecond Lasers, Frequency Combs and Optical Clocks

OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING University of New Mexico

NLO: A thriving field with multiple application

Page 12: University of New Mexico PHYC/ECE 568: NONLINEAR OPTICSmsbahae.unm.edu/Courses/568 Nonlinear Optics/introduction-2020.p… · Quantum Mechanical Treatment of Nonlinear Susceptibilities

Extreme Nonlinear Optics (X-ray bursts, attosecond pulses, and laser fusion)

OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING University of New Mexico

Page 13: University of New Mexico PHYC/ECE 568: NONLINEAR OPTICSmsbahae.unm.edu/Courses/568 Nonlinear Optics/introduction-2020.p… · Quantum Mechanical Treatment of Nonlinear Susceptibilities

Other Historical Perspectives (19th Century)

Faraday Effect (magneto-optic) - 1845:

Kerr Effect- 1875:

Pockels Effect- 1893:

Michael Faraday

John Kerr

Friedrich Pockels

𝜃 = 𝑉 × 𝐵 × 𝐿

𝐵

𝑉 𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑉𝑒𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡

Enrn 3

OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING OPTICAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING University of New Mexico

Page 14: University of New Mexico PHYC/ECE 568: NONLINEAR OPTICSmsbahae.unm.edu/Courses/568 Nonlinear Optics/introduction-2020.p… · Quantum Mechanical Treatment of Nonlinear Susceptibilities

Handbook of Nonlinear OpticsRichard Sutherland

Fundamentals of Nonlinear OpticsPeter Bowers

Photonics: Optical Electronics in Modern Communications Amnon Yariv and Pochi Yeh

Other References