University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria

University of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria

Carmelo León, Jorge Araña and Raquel EspinoCarmelo León, Jorge Araña and Raquel Espino

Las Palmas,19-20 January, 2006Las Palmas,19-20 January, 2006

Survey Results from SpainSurvey Results from Spain

Developing Harmonised European Approaches forDeveloping Harmonised European Approaches for

Transport Costing and Project Assessment Transport Costing and Project Assessment (HEATCO) (HEATCO)

Working Plan TimingWorking Plan Timing

Comments to the draft questionnaire

December, 2004

Survey firms and Noise Maps

January-February, 2005

Focus Group March, 2005

Pre-test October, 2005

Main SurveyNovember-December, 2005

Preliminary Results January, 2006

Main SurveyMain Survey

ResultsResults

Pre-testPre-test

Focus GroupFocus Group

Survey firmsSurvey firms

Noise MapsNoise Maps

Developing harmonised European approaches for transport costing and project assessment (HEATCO)Developing harmonised European approaches for transport costing and project assessment (HEATCO)


Survey FirmsFocus Group

Pre-test & SurveyTotal

Amount

ROAD TRAFFIC

EDEI, S.L.http://www.edei.es/en/index.htm

1522.5 €

600 respondents

16380 € 17920.5 €

1000 respondents

28665 € 30187.5 €

Gabimet, S.L.They do not have web site

955.5 €

600 respondents

17141.25 € 18096.75 €

1000 respondents

25825 € 26780.5 €

TSA, S.L.http://www.tsa-sl.es

1622.74 €

600 respondents

10358.63 € 11981.37 €

1000 respondents

16708.95 € 18331.69 €

RAIL

GALLUP -350

respondents7500 € 7500 €

http://www.edei.es/en/index.htm





http://www.tsa-sl.es/






ResultsResults

Pre-testPre-test






• Urban and rural areas in Gran Canaria:Urban and rural areas in Gran Canaria:

Urban areas Leq (dBA)

Las Palmas de Gran Canaria-A 65-69

Las Palmas de Gran Canaria-B 70-74

Las Palmas de Gran Canaria-C 75-79

Las Palmas de Gran Canaria-D 80-85

Rural areas Leq (dBA)

San Fernando -

Doctoral -

Vecindario -

Tablero -

Gáldar -

Guía -


ResultsResults

Pre-testPre-test





Road Traffic NoiseRoad Traffic Noise

• Gran CanariaGran Canaria


ResultsResults

Pre-testPre-test





Rail NoiseRail Noise

Urban areas Leq (dBA)

Móstoles 69.2

Leganés 68.5

Alcalá de Henares 63.4

Madrid -

Getafe 69.2

Rural areas Leq (dBA)

Collado Villalba -

Coslada -

Pozuelo de Alarcón -

San Fernando -

• Urban and Rural areas in Region of MadridUrban and Rural areas in Region of Madrid


ResultsResults

Pre-testPre-test





Rail NoiseRail Noise

• Noise Map of region of Madrid (1997)Noise Map of region of Madrid (1997)


ResultsResults

Pre-testPre-test






• In general, participants found it very In general, participants found it very difficult to difficult to isolate valuations invoked by car traffic from the isolate valuations invoked by car traffic from the overall street noiseoverall street noise. Actually, most of them failed to . Actually, most of them failed to focus on the valuation scenario since the rest of the focus on the valuation scenario since the rest of the noise sources remained affecting them, and nothing noise sources remained affecting them, and nothing

was said about it.was said about it. • Another potential protest argument was the Another potential protest argument was the

perception that the main source of car traffic perception that the main source of car traffic noise is not heavy traffic but an extended non-noise is not heavy traffic but an extended non-

civic behaviourcivic behaviour in the population. in the population. • They They suggested that the policy to counteract suggested that the policy to counteract

noise may contain other aspects such as an noise may contain other aspects such as an increase in the number of policemenincrease in the number of policemen in the streets in the streets to enforce civic behaviour (illegal parking, …)to enforce civic behaviour (illegal parking, …)

• It was noted a potentially high It was noted a potentially high correlation between correlation between the time the subject has been previously exposed the time the subject has been previously exposed

to the noise and her preferences for silence.to the noise and her preferences for silence.


ResultsResults

Pre-testPre-test






• It was noted that the It was noted that the quality, and not only the quality, and not only the quantity, of the activities that subjects carry out quantity, of the activities that subjects carry out at home, could make a difference in the valuation at home, could make a difference in the valuation resultsresults. That is, people who study or work at home . That is, people who study or work at home

complaint far more than others.complaint far more than others. • Participants showed relevant doubts about the Participants showed relevant doubts about the

proposed policy proposed policy in the current wordingin the current wording. It can be . It can be suggested two alternative and more reliable wordings:suggested two alternative and more reliable wordings:

• In any case, it seemed In any case, it seemed they did not fully trust a they did not fully trust a 100% of noise reduction100% of noise reduction. It was found more . It was found more adequate to propose different levels of noise reduction adequate to propose different levels of noise reduction and to elicit a full risk reduction valuation functionand to elicit a full risk reduction valuation function

1.1. Say that the cover has been already used in Say that the cover has been already used in Europe with a 100 % of successEurope with a 100 % of success

2.2. Use a headphone and car noise before and after Use a headphone and car noise before and after the policy to convince individuals about the the policy to convince individuals about the different in traffic noise with the coverdifferent in traffic noise with the cover


ResultsResults

Pre-testPre-test






• Information. Information. There seems to be significant There seems to be significant heterogeneity in the level of information about heterogeneity in the level of information about the effect that noise could cause to human the effect that noise could cause to human

healthhealth..• Subjects Subjects did not find credible the motorbikes did not find credible the motorbikes

scenario, and did not think anyone might pay for scenario, and did not think anyone might pay for

it.it. • Subjects didSubjects did not accept an increase in the not accept an increase in the

municipality fee to cover the policies because municipality fee to cover the policies because they did not believe in current managementthey did not believe in current management . An . An ad hoc Association that collects money and ad hoc Association that collects money and guarantees their useguarantees their use in reducing traffic noise was in reducing traffic noise was

somewhat more credible to the participants.somewhat more credible to the participants. • To the To the open question (how much would you open question (how much would you

WTP?), almost 90% stated reasons associated WTP?), almost 90% stated reasons associated with costs rather that valueswith costs rather that values. Also 100 % of them . Also 100 % of them considered considered others’ WTPothers’ WTP as a relevant aspect to state as a relevant aspect to state their own value. The independence assumption seems their own value. The independence assumption seems not to hold here.not to hold here.


ResultsResults

Pre-testPre-test





Qualitative AnalysisQualitative Analysis

• Wording. Wording. The pre-test was especially useful for The pre-test was especially useful for

improving the wording of the final questionnaire. improving the wording of the final questionnaire.

• Interviewer bias. Interviewer bias. During the pre-test all the During the pre-test all the misunderstandings, doubts, and questions that misunderstandings, doubts, and questions that were expressed by the respondents were were expressed by the respondents were collected. This helped us to define a list of collected. This helped us to define a list of responses common to all the interviewers. This responses common to all the interviewers. This was possible only for the road traffic noise was possible only for the road traffic noise sample. sample.

• Valuation Scenario. Valuation Scenario. We confirmed that, although We confirmed that, although there was a large proportion of zeros, the there was a large proportion of zeros, the valuation scenario seemed to be well understood.valuation scenario seemed to be well understood.


ResultsResults

Pre-testPre-test





Qualitative AnalysisQualitative Analysis

• VTTS Scenario. VTTS Scenario. We found serious problems We found serious problems regarding the VTTS scenarioregarding the VTTS scenario

What is the relationship between Noise What is the relationship between Noise Reduction and Time savings?. Reduction and Time savings?. Respondents did Respondents did not fully understand the link between not fully understand the link between Noise and Time Saving questions in the Noise and Time Saving questions in the same surveysame survey. .

Scenario credibility. Scenario credibility. Respondents found it Respondents found it difficult to understand how traffic difficult to understand how traffic congestion can be reduced by paying extra congestion can be reduced by paying extra money. The scenario was perhaps not money. The scenario was perhaps not concrete enough. concrete enough. (How my money can reduce (How my money can reduce traffic density?, what exactly am I paying? to traffic density?, what exactly am I paying? to whom? Is it a toll fee?). whom? Is it a toll fee?).


ResultsResults

Pre-testPre-test





Quantitative analysisQuantitative analysis

• Although we have few observations (50) we find some Although we have few observations (50) we find some relevant issues that may help to explain results:relevant issues that may help to explain results:

Heterogeneity in Bid Design. Heterogeneity in Bid Design. By implementing By implementing an open-ended question and a bid design an open-ended question and a bid design technique based on Cooper (1993) we find technique based on Cooper (1993) we find that the that the European bid designEuropean bid design might not be might not be an optimal design for the Canary Islands an optimal design for the Canary Islands sample. sample.

Heterogeneity in Preferences. Heterogeneity in Preferences. There is a There is a challenge for the econometric approach to challenge for the econometric approach to model heterogeneity: Flexible distributions model heterogeneity: Flexible distributions are recommended (SNPDF, Mixtures, …).are recommended (SNPDF, Mixtures, …).


ResultsResults

Pre-testPre-test





Very Preliminary AnalysisVery Preliminary Analysis

Type of Survey Region

Mean

WTP

s.d.

RURALRURAL 14.5 €14.5 € 50.9850.98

RAILWAY NOISERAILWAY NOISE URBANURBAN 16.51 €16.51 € 43.2643.26

RURALRURAL 76.06 €76.06 € 321.91321.91


ResultsResults

Pre-testPre-test





Very Preliminary AnalysisVery Preliminary Analysis

CategoriesCategories ProportioProportionnDon´t want to answer

Protest answer 28,01%

Valid Answers (WTP>=0)

31,25%

University of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria

Carmelo León, Jorge Araña and Raquel EspinoCarmelo León, Jorge Araña and Raquel Espino

Las Palmas,19-20 January, 2006Las Palmas,19-20 January, 2006


Developing Harmonised European Approaches forDeveloping Harmonised European Approaches for

Transport Costing and Project Assessment Transport Costing and Project Assessment (HEATCO) (HEATCO)

Documents

University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria