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UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT
Abstract
Faculty of Engineering – Scheme & Syllabus of M.Tech Course in Bio-Process Engineering – approved – Implemented – with effect from 2010 admission – Orders issued.
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General and Academic Branch – IV ‘E’ Section
No.GA.IV/E1/8226/2011(2) Dated Calicut University P.O. 08.05.2012.
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Read:- 1. U.O.No.GA.IV/E1/8226/2011 dated 25.01.2012.
2. Minutes of the meeting of Board of Studies in Engineering (P.G) held on 30.03.2012
(Item.No.1)
3. Orders of Vice-Chancellor in the file of even No. dated 17.04.2012.
4. Letter from the Dean, Faculty of Engineering dated 23.04.2012.
5. Orders of Vice-Chancellor in the file of even No. dated 03.05.2012.
O R D E R
As per paper read as (1) above, an expert committee was constituted with
the following members for the preparation of the scheme & syllabus for the
M.Tech course in Bio-Process Engineering
a) Dr.Renjana Devi.B (Co-ordinator), Member, Board of Studies in Engineering (PG)Associate Professor, Dept.of. Chemical Engineering, Govt.Engineering College, West Hill, Kozhikode.
b) Dr.Rajani.V.O, Associate Professor, Dept.of. Chemical Engineering, Govt.Engineering College, Thrissur – 680 009.
c) Dr.Radhakrishnan.K.B, Professor, Dept.of. Chemical Engineering, T.K.M.College of Engineering, Karicode, Kollam.
Vide paper read as 2nd above, the meeting of Board of Studies in
Engineering (P.G) held on 30.03.2012, vide item.No. 1 unanimously resolved to
approve the Scheme & Syllabus of the M.Tech course in Bio-Process Engineering
submitted by the expert Committee.
Vide paper read as 3rd above, the Vice-Chancellor had ordered to seek the
opinion of the Dean, Faculty of Engineering regarding the approval of the
minutes of the meeting of the Board of Studies in Engineering (PG) held on
30.03.2012
The Dean, Faculty of Engineering vide paper read as 4th above,
recommended for the approval of the minutes of the meeting of the Board of
Studies in Engineering (PG) held on 30.03.2012.
Considering the urgency of the matter, the Vice-Chancellor has accorded
sanction to implement the Scheme & Syllabus of the M.Tech Course in Bio-
Process Engineering, subject to ratification by the Academic Council, vide paper
read as 5th above.
Sanction has therefore been accorded for implementing the Scheme &
Syllabus of the M.Tech course in Bio-Process Engineering with effect from 2010
admission.
Orders are issued accordingly.
(The Syllabus is available in the University website)
Sd/-
DEPUTY REGISTRAR (GA.IV)
For Registrar.
To
The Principals of all affiliated Engineering Colleges offering M.Tech Course.
Copy to :- P.S to V.C/PA. to PVC/ P.A. to Registrar/PA to CE/Enquiry/ Ex.Sn/EG
Sn/DR,M.Tech /M.Tech.Tabulation Section/Dean, Faculty of Engineering/ Chairman,
BOS in Engg (PG)&(UG) System Administrator (with a request to upload in
the university website)/ SF/FC
Forwarded/By Order
Sd/-
SECTION OFFICER
2
UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT
M.Tech DEGREE COURSE
IN
BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING
(DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY ENGINEERING)
Curricula, Scheme of Examinations & Syllabi
(With effect from 2010 admissions)
3
SCHEME OF EXAMINATIONS
Semester I
Course
Code
Subject Hours/week Marks
L T P/D Internal Sem-end
Total marks
Sem-end exam duration - Hrs
Credits
BTB 10 101
Applied Mathematics for Bioprocess Engineering
3 1 0 100 100 200 3 4
BTB 10 102
Metabolic Engineering
3 1 0 100 100 200 3 4
BTB 10 103
Advanced Genetic Engineering
3 1 0 100 100 200 3 4
BTB 10 104
Advanced Fermentation Engineering
3 1 0 100 100 200 3 4
BTB 10 105
Elective I3 1 0 100 100 200 3 4
BTB 10 106 (P)
Bioprocess Engineering Lab/ Mini Project
0 0 2 100 0 100 - 2
BTB 10 107 (P) Seminar
0 0 2 100 0 100 - 2
TOTAL 15 5 4 700 500 1200 24
Elective I
BTB 10 105 (A) : Biostatistics
BTB 10 105 (B) : Animal & Plant Cell Technology
BTB 10 105 (C) : Marine Biotechnology
4
Semester – II
Course Code Subject Hours/week Marks
L T P Internal
Sem- end
Total Sem-end exam
duration- Hrs
Credits
BTB 10 201Bioprocess Plant Design
3 1 0 100 100 200 3 4
BTB 10 202Downstream Processing in Bioprocesses
3 1 0 100 100 200 3 4
BTB 10 203Advanced Enzyme Science and Engineering
3 1 0 100 100 200 3 4
BTB 10 204 Elective II 3 1 0 100 100 200 3 4
BTB 10 205 Elective III 3 1 0 100 100 200 3 4
BTB 10
206 (P)
Downstream Processing lab/ Mini project
0 0 2 100 0 100 - 2
BTB 10
207 (P)Seminar
0 0 2 100 0 100 - 2
TOTAL 15 5 4 700 500 1200 24
Elective II
BTB 10 204 (A) : Bioinformatics
BTB 10 204 (B) : Analytical Techniques in Biotechnology
BTB 10 204 (C) : Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
Elective III
BTB 10 205 (A) : Industrial Biotechnology
BTB 10 205 (B) : Food Engineering and Biotechnology
BTB 10 205 (C) : Bionanotechnology
5
Semester III
CourseCode
Subject Hours/week Marks
L T P Internal Sem- end
Total Sem-end exam
duration- Hrs
Credits
BTB 10 301 Elective IV 3 1 0 100 100 200 3 4
BTB 10 302 Elective V 3 1 0 100 100 200 3 4
BTB 10
303 (P)
Industrial Training 0 0 0 50-
50 - 1
BTB 10
304 (P)
Master Research Project (Phase -I)
0 0 22 Guide EC*
150 150 -
300 - 6
TOTAL 6 2 22 550 200 750 15
NB: The student has to undertake the departmental work assigned by HOD *EC – Evaluation Committee
Electives –IV
BTB 10 301 (A) : Modelling and Simulation of Bioprocesses
BTB 10 301 (B) : Process Control & Instrumentation in Bioprocesses
BTB 10 301 (C) : Transport Phenomena in Bioprocesses
Electives –V
BTB 10 302 (A) : Membrane Separation Technology
BTB 10 302 (B) : Environmental Engineering
BTB 10 302 (C) : Bioenergy Engineering
6
Semester IV
CourseCode
Subject Hours per week InternalMarks
Sem–end exam
L T P/D Guide Evaluation Comittee
Extl.Guide
Viva- Voce
Totalmarks
Credits
BTB 10 401(P)
Master Research Project
( Phase II)
- - 30 150 150 150 150 600 12
TOTAL 30 150 150 150 150 600 12
NB: The student has to undertake the departmental work assigned by HOD
7
FIRST SEMESTER
BTB 10 101 APPLIED MATHEMATICS FOR BIOPROCESS
ENGINEERING
Teaching scheme
Credits: 4
3 hours lecture & 1 hour tutorial per week
Objective
To facilitate the student with necessary helping tools and to
understand the design aspects and the kinetic parameters
Module I (14 hours)
Partial Differential Equations & Numerical Methods:
First Order and second order application to biology, Lagrange’s method
and Charpits method. Solution of equations by iteration; interpolation by
polynomials; Piecewise linear and cubic splines; Numeric integration and
differentiation; Numerical solution of ODEs; Euler and Runge-Kutta
methods, Exposure to software packages like Matlab or Scilab
Module II (13 hours)
Probability & Statistics :
Probability –n Addition theorem, Multiplication theorem and conditional
probability – Baye’s theorem. Binomial distribution, Poisson distribution
and Normal distribution. Sampling distributions – Large samples and Small
8
samples. Testing of Null hypothesis- Z test, t Test and χ2 test. Type I and
Type II errors. Fishers F test. Goodness of fit.
Module III (13 hours)
Curve fitting :
Curve fitting – fitting a straight line and second degree curve. Correlation
and Regression. Fitting a non linear curve. Bivariate correlation application
to biological sciences.
Module IV (13 hours)
Design of experiments :
One way – Two way classifications- Randomized Block designs – Latin
Square Designs
References
1. Higher Engineering Mathematics 37th edition. By Grewal.
2. Comprehensive Statistical methods By P. N arora, Sumeet Arora, S.
Arora. S Chand & Co.
3. E. Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 8th Edition.
4. Probability and Statistics for Engineers 6th Edition. Prentice Hall By R.
A Johnson
5. Statistical Quality Control for food industry. By Merton R Hubbard
6. Mathematical Statistics By V C Kapoor & Gupta
9
Internal continuous assessment: 100 marks
Internal continuous assessment is in the form of periodical tests,
assignments, seminars or a combination of all whichever suits best. There
will be minimum of two tests per subject. The assessment details are to be
announced right at the beginning of the semester by the teacher.
End semester Examination: 100 marks
Question pattern
Answer any 5 questions by choosing at least one question from each
module.
Module I Module II Module III Module IV
Question 1 : 20
marks
Question 2 : 20
marks
Question 3 :
20marks
Question 4 :
20marks
Question 5 :
20marks
Question 6 :
20marks
Question 7 :
20marks
Question 8 :
20marks
10
BTB 10 102 METABOLIC ENGINEERING
Teaching scheme
Credits: 4
3 hours lecture & 1 hour tutorial per week
Objective
To make the student aware of the overall metabolic process so as to help
him to manipulate the pathway to the requirement of the industrial needs
Module I (13 hours)
Review of Cellular Metabolism:
An Overview of Cellular Metabolism, Transport processes, fuelling
reactions: glycolysis, Fermentative pathways, Biosynthetic reactions,
polymerization, cellular energetics.
Module II (13 hours)
Material Balances and Data Consistency:
Comprehensive models of cellular reactions; stoichiometry of cellular
reactions, reaction rates, dynamic mass balances, yield coefficients and
linear rate equations, analysis of over determined systems- identification
of gross measurement errors
Module III (13 hours)
Metabolic Flux Analysis
Theory, over determined systems, underdetermined systems- linear
programming, sensitivity analysis, methods for the experimental
determination of metabolic fluxes by isotope labeling, applications of
metabolic flux analysis.
11
Module IV (14 hours)
Metabolic Control Analysis:
Fundamentals of Metabolic Control Analysis, control coefficients and the
summation theorems, Determination of flux control coefficients, MCA of
linear pathways, branched pathways, theory of large deviations
Analysis of Metabolic Networks :Control of flux distribution at a single
branch point, Grouping of reactions, case studies, extension of control
analysis to intermetabolite, optimization of flux amplifications, consistency
tests and experimental validation.
References
1.Stephanopoulas, G, et al., Introduction to Metabolic engineering –
Principles and
Methodologies. Elsevier Science, 1999
Internal continuous assessment: 100 marks
Internal continuous assessment is in the form of periodical tests,
assignments, seminars or a combination of all whichever suits best. There
will be a minimum of two tests per subject. The assessment details are to
be announced right at the beginning of the semester by the teacher.
End semester Examination: 100 marks
Question pattern
Answer any 5 questions by choosing at least one question from each
module.
12
Module I Module II Module III Module IV
Question 1 : 20
marks
Question 2 : 20
marks
Question 3 :
20marks
Question 4 :
20marks
Question 5 :
20marks
Question 6 :
20marks
Question 7 :
20marks
Question 8 :
20marks
BTB 10 103 ADVANCED GENETIC ENGINEERING
Teaching scheme
Credits: 4
3 hours lecture & 1 hour tutorial per week
Objective
Introduces the frontier areas of present day genetic engineering
and facilitates mastering the recombinant technology
Module I (13 hours)
Advanced cloning vectors and techniques:
Gene targeting vectors: baculovirus display(BUDS), yeast one hybrid and
two hybrid vectors- Gene replacement, gene addition Reporter gene
technology, Enhancer trap technology- phage display technology; gene
knockout, microarray technology – gene synthesis-site specific
13
mutagenesis- cloning - microRNAs; RNAi libraries. Insitu methods to
locate transgenes and transcripts-RFLP, RAPD
Module II (14 hours)
Microbial Plant and Animal Genetic Engineering:
Genetically modified baculovirus- lantibiotics- transgenic wine plastid
biotechnology; prospects for herbicide, molecular farming- chromosomal
engineering in plants- Engineering novel traits in plants by RNAi
technology – terminator technology – Antisense Technology & its
applications -Knock out mice – Mouse chromosome engineering for
modeling human diseases – YAC transgenics – Transchromosomic animals.
Module III (13 hours)
Agriculture, Environment:
Plantibodies and pharmaceutical pharming – plastics from plants –
flavrSavr Tomato – Blue Rose – Mastitis resistant cattle , tick resistant
sheep, fast growing sheep – fast growing fish – antimalarial mosquitoes,
antifreeze proteins – fat Salmon – detection fish, spider silk from goat milk
– low – phosphorus Enron pig – Poultry: vaccination for animal health –
engineering food for animals – cloned organs
Module IV (13 hours)
Forensics, Conservation & Law
Tissue/ Sample collection, processing & DNA fingerprinting.
Bioremediation bacteria- pesticide degradation – phytoremediation of
inorganic pollutants – transgenic environmental biosensors–Ethical &
Safety issues pertaining to RDNA technology & products
14
References
1. “Principles of cloning” by Jose, Robert P.Lanza, Keith H.S.Campbell,
Michael D.West, Academic press, 2002.
2. Genes VI and Genes VII” by Benjamin Lewin, Oxford University
Press, Cambridge, U.K, 7th ed, 2000.
3. “Biotechnology:Fundamentals and applications “by S.S
Purohit,Agrobios(Ind),
Jodhpur, 2002.
4. “Principles of Biotechemistry “by H.Robert Horton,
Lawrence.A.Moran,
Raymond.S,Ochs, J.David Rawn & K. Gray Scrimgeour, Prentice
Hall, 3rd ed, 2002.
Internal continuous assessment: 100 marks
Internal continuous assessment is in the form of periodical tests,
assignments, seminars or a combination of all whichever suits best. There
will be minimum of two tests per subject. The assessment details are to be
announced right at the beginning of the semester by the teacher.
End semester Examination: 100 marks
Question pattern
Answer any 5 questions by choosing at least one question from each
module.
Module I Module II Module III Module IV
15
Question 1 : 20
marks
Question 2 : 20
marks
Question 3 :
20marks
Question 4 :
20marks
Question 5 :
20marks
Question 6 :
20marks
Question 7 :
20marks
Question 8 :
20marks
BTB 10 104 ADVANCED FERMENTATION ENGINEERING
Teaching scheme
Credits: 4
3 hours lecture & 1 hour tutorial per week
Objective
The students are given a comprehensive knowledge about
fermentation kinetics, design of ideal fermenters and also importance of
mass transfer effects in fermenters.
Module I (13 hours)
Media for industrial fermentations, batch growth, balanced growth, effect
of substrate concentration. Monod model. Growth kinetics with plasmid
instability, production kinetics in cell culture. Determining cell kinetic
parameters from batch data. Kinetics of cell growth. Structured and
unstructured models.
Module II (13 hours)
16
Reactor Engineering in perspective. Design equations for ideal reactors-
batch fermenter, chemostat, fed-batch fermenter, chemostat with cell
recycle, plug flow reactor for cell culture.
Module III (14 hours)
Design of packed bed, baffle column reactors, fluidized bed bioreactor,
trickle bed reactor, immobilized cell bioreactor, sterilization reactors-
batch and continuous. Novel bioreactors
Module IV (13 hours)
The oxygen requirements of industrial fermentation. Oxygen supply. The
determination of KLa values. Factors affecting oxygen transfer rate in
fermenters like bubble size, gas hold up, gas velocity, temperature,
pressure etc. Power required for sparged and agitated vessels. The
relationship between power consumption and operating variables. Role of
shear in stirred fermenters. The structural components of the fermenter
involved in aeration and agitation.
References
1. Principles of fermentation technology; P.F.Stanbury, A. Whitaker and S.J.
Hall, Aditya
Books(P) Ltd.
2. Bioprocess Engineering Principles; Pauline M Dorass, Academic Press.
3. Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals; James E. Bailey and David F.
Ollis, Mc Graw
Hill book company.
17
Internal continuous assessment: 100 marks
Internal continuous assessment is in the form of periodical tests,
assignments, seminars or a combination of all whichever suits best. There
will be minimum of two tests per subject. The assessment details are to be
announced right at the beginning of the semester by the teacher.
End semester Examination: 100 marks
Question pattern
Answer any 5 questions by choosing at least one question from each
module
Module I Module II Module III Module IV
Question 1 : 20
marks
Question 2 : 20
marks
Question 3 :
20marks
Question 4 :
20marks
Question 5 :
20marks
Question 6 :
20marks
Question 7 :
20marks
Question 8 :
20marks
BTB 10 105 (A) BIOSTATISTICS
18
Teaching scheme
Credits: 4
3 hours lecture & 1 hour tutorial per week
Objective
To make the student understand the application of statistics in
biological science and genetics.
Module I (13 hours)
Applications of statistics in biological sciences and genetics; Descriptive
statistics; Mean; Variance; Standard deviation and coefficient of
variation(CV); Comparison of two CVs; Skewness; Kurtosis
Module II (13 hours)
Probability – axiomatic definition; Addition theorem; Conditional
probability; Bayes theorem; Random variable; Mathematical expectation;
Theoretical distributions – Binomial, Poisson, Normal, Standard normal and
Exponential distributions; Sampling parameter, statistic and standard
error; Census – sampling methods; Probability and non-probability
sampling; Purposive sampling; Simple random sampling; Stratified
sampling.
Module III (14 hours)
Testing of hypothesis; Null and alternative hypothesis; Type I and type II
errors; Level of significance; Large sample tests; Test of significance of
19
single and two sample means; Testing of single and two proportions -
Small sample tests: F-test – testing of single mean; Testing of two sample
means using independent t test, paired t test; Chi square test: Test for
goodness of fit - associationof attributes – testing linkage – segregation
ratio.
Module IV (13 hours)
Correlation – Pearson’s correlation coefficient and Spearman’s rank
correlation; Partial and multiple correlation – regression analysis; Sample
linear and non linear regression; Multiple regression. Analysis of variance –
definition – assumptions – model; One way analysis of variance with equal
and unequal replications; Two way analysis of variance; Non parametric
tests – sign test – Mann Whitney ‘U’ test – Kruskal Wallis test.
References
1. P.S.S. Sundar Rao, P.H.Richard, J.Richard, An introduction to
Biostatistics, Prentice Hall
of India(P) Ltd., New Delhi, 2003.
2. Rangaswamy, R, A text book of Agricultural Statistics, New Age
International (P) Ltd.,
New Delhi. 2000.
3. Gupta S.P, Statistical Methods, Sultan Chand & Sons, New Delhi. 2005.
4. Panse V.G.Panse, Sukhatme P.V, Statistical methods for Agricultural
Workers, ICAR
Publications, New Delhi, 2000
5. Jerrold H. Zar, Bio Statistical Analysis, Tan Prints(I) Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi,
2003.
20
6. Chandel, S.R.S, A Hand Book of Agricultural Statistics, Achal Prakashan
Mandir, Kanpur,
1999.
Internal continuous assessment: 100 marks
Internal continuous assessment is in the form of periodical tests,
assignments, seminars or a combination of all whichever suits best. There
will be a minimum of two tests per subject. The assessment details are to
be announced right at the beginning of the semester by the teacher.
End semester Examination: 100 marks
Question pattern
Answer any 5 questions by choosing at least one question from each
module.
Module I Module II Module III Module IV
Question 1 : 20
marks
Question 2 : 20
marks
Question 3 :
20marks
Question 4 :
20marks
Question 5 :
20marks
Question 6 :
20marks
Question 7 :
20marks
Question 8 :
20marks
BTB 10 105 (B) ANIMAL AND PLANT CELL TECHNOLOGY
21
Teaching scheme
Credits: 4
3 hours lecture & 1 hour tutorial per week
22
Objective
Prepares the students for the bulk production of single cells of
animal and plant origin for the over production of required biomolecules
Module I (13 hours)
Animal cell metabolism: Regulation and nutritional requirement; Animal
cell growth characteristics and kinetics. Transport of nutrients: Substrate
and product transport through mammalian cell; Growth and mass transfer:
Micro-carrier attached growth; Cell culture in continuous, perfusion and
hollow-fiber reactor; Mass transfer in mammalian cell culture.
Module II (13 hours)
Scale up: Scale up of cell culture processes; Case studies; Special features
and organization of plant cells; Totipotency; Regeneration of plants;
Examples of regeneration from leaves, roots, stem etc.
Module III (13 hours)
Plant products: Plant products of industrial importance; Biochemistry of
major metabolic pathways and products; Cell suspension culture
development.
Module IV (14 hours)
23
Kinetics and scale up: Characterization; Kinetics of growth; Product
formation and examples; Large scale production of secondary metabolites
from suspension cultures-nutrient optimization; Cell growth regulators;
Somaclonal variation; Plant cell reactors; Types of reactors; Comparison of
reactor performance; Immobilized plant cell reactors; Novel design
concepts; Genetic engineering: Genetic engineering of plant cells.
References
1. Biotol series, In vitro Cultivation of Plant cell, Butterworth Heinemann
Ltd., 1994
2. Biotol series, In vitro Cultivation of Animal cell, Butterworth Heinemann
Ltd. 1994.
3. M. M. Ranga, Animal Biotechnology, 3rd Revised Edition, Agrobios,
2007.
4. Bhojwani & Rajdhan, Animal and Plant Biotechnology.
Internal continuous assessment: 100 marks
Internal continuous assessment is in the form of periodical tests,
assignments, seminars or a combination of all whichever suits best. There
will be minimum of two tests per subject. The assessment details are to be
announced right at the beginning of the semester by the teacher.
End semester Examination: 100 marks
Question pattern
24
Answer any 5 questions by choosing at least one question from each
module.
Module I Module II Module III Module IV
Question 1 : 20
marks
Question 2 : 20
marks
Question 3 :
20marks
Question 4 :
20marks
Question 5 :
20marks
Question 6 :
20marks
Question 7 :
20marks
Question 8 :
20marks
BTB 10 105 (C) MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY
Teaching scheme
Credits: 4
3 hours lecture & 1 hour tutorial per week
Objective
Enables the students to understand the wealth of marine biology
in biotechnological applications
Module I (13 hours)
Types of marine environment- physical, chemical and biological aspects
and their interaction with marine life. Methods of studying the marine
micro-organisms-methods of collection, enumeration (total and viable
25
counts), isolation, culture & identification based on morphological,
physiological and biochemical characteristics. Preservation of marine
microbes, culture collection centers (ATCC, IMTECh)
Module II (13 hours)
Microbial nutrition – influence of environment factors on microbial growth,
activity and distribution. Microbes of biotechnological importance –
primary and secondary metabolites. Seafood microbiology – normal
genera associated with fish, food spoilage, fish & human pathogens,
Indicator of Pollution – faecal coliforms – Prevention & control.
Module III (14 hours)
Introduction to marine pharmacology – terms and definitions – Medicinal
compounds from marine flora and fauna. Organic chemicals from marine
sources. Marine toxins from flora and fauna – Antitumour and cytotoxic
compouns from marine organisms – Antiviral substances – anti parasitic
agents – Shark cartilage as a source of an inhibitor of tumour
revascularization - Marine proteins and polysaccharides in clinical
application.
Module IV (13 hours)
Biomedical potential of marine natural products – Isolation, /structural
elucidation and mode of action, Pharmacological studies of Novel marine
metabolites – Development of novel of foods and food ingredients – low
calorie sweeteners – Flavour modifiers – Nutritional enrichment – food
supplements. Food coloring agents, water binding agents.
References:
26
1. Rheinhemer, G., 1980. Aquatic Microbiology. John Wiley & sons.
2. Presscott, L.M., J.D.Harley and D.A.Klein, 1999. Microbiology, WEB
Mc Graw Hill.
3. Pelcar, M.J.Jr., E.C.S.Chan and N.R.Kreig, 1993. Microbiology –
Concepts and Applications.
4. Dube, H,.C., 1994. A Text Book of fungi, Bacteria & Viruses, Vikas
Publishing House.
5. Groisman, E.A., 2001. Bacterial Pathogenesis Academic press. New
york
Internal continuous assessment: 100 marks
Internal continuous assessment is in the form of periodical tests,
assignments, seminars or a combination of all whichever suits best. There
will be minimum of two tests per subject. The assessment details are to be
announced right at the beginning of the semester by the teacher.
End semester Examination: 100 marks
Question pattern
Answer any 5 questions by choosing at least one question from each
module.
27
Module I Module II Module III Module IV
Question 1 : 20
marks
Question 2 : 20
marks
Question 3 :
20marks
Question 4 :
20marks
Question 5 :
20marks
Question 6 :
20marks
Question 7 :
20marks
Question 8 :
20marks
BTB 10 106 (P) BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING LAB / MINI PROJECT
Hours per week: 2 hours practical
Credits: 2
1. Microbial growth and product formation kinetics
2. Enzyme kinetics
3. Media optimization by Plackett and Burman method.
4. Batch, Fed batch and continuous bioreactors
5. Solid – state fermentation techniques
6. Bulk production of tailored organisms
7. Bioconversion using immobilized enzyme/whole cell preparation
8. Mass transfer in immobilized cell/enzyme reactor
Mini Project: Student has to do a mini project on a topic approved by a
three member committee and submit two copies of project report and an
assessment will be conducted by the committee
28
Internal Continuous assessment: 100 marks
Regularity : 30 marks
Record : 20 marks
Tests, viva : 50 marks
BTB 10 107 (P) SEMINAR
Hours per week: 2 hours practical
Credits: 2
Objective
University Seminar is with the objective of inculcating interest in
students to read scientific and technical literature, consolidate data as a
review of literature on the subject and enhances capability to present it in
front of learned audience. Seminar imparts experience, expertise and
eloquence in survey of literature, scientific writing, and condensation of
data and communication skill of a student.
• Individual students are required to choose a topic of their interest
from Bioprocess Engineering or related topics of industrial
orientation preferably from outside the M.Tech syllabus and give a
seminar on that topic about 45 minutes. A committee consisting of
at least three faculty members shall assess the presentation of the
seminar and award marks to the students based on merits of topic
of presentation. Each student shall submit two copies of a write- up
of the seminar topic. One copy shall be returned to the student after
duly certifying it by the chairman of the assessing committee and
the other will be kept in the departmental library. Internal
continuous assessment marks are awarded based on the relevance
of the topic presentation skill, quality of the report and participation.
29
Internal Continuous Assessment (Maximum Marks-100)
Presentation +Discussion : 60
Relevance + Literature : 10
Report : 20
Participation : 10
SECOND SEMESTER
BTB 10 201 BIOPROCESS PLANT DESIGN
Teaching scheme Credits: 43 hours lecture & 1 hour tutorial per week
Objective
To impart basic concepts of process and mechanical design of process plants and also impart knowledge of scale up of bioprocesses.
Module I (13 hours)
General design information. Essentials of material and energy balances. Process flowsheeting. P&I Diagrams. Pump and compressor selection. Pipe size selection. Materials of construction. Facility design aspects, utility supply aspects, equipment cleaning aspects, culture cell banks, CGMP guidelines, validation, safety in bioprocess plant. Process economics-Case studies.
Module II (13 hours)
Scale up of bioreactors. Effect of scale on oxygenation, mixing, sterilization, pH, temperature, inoculum development, nutrient availability and supply. Bioreactor scale up based on constant power consumption per volume, mixing time, impeller tip speed (shear), mass transfer coefficients.
30
Scale up of downstream processes: Adsorption (LVB method), Chromatography(constant resolution), Filtration (constant resistance), centrifugation (equivalent times), Extractors (geometry based rules).
Module III (27 hours)
(Using Chemical Engineers Handbook, pressure vessel codes and relevant attested copies of Perry)
Process design of distillation columns, extraction equipments and tray dryers. Mechanical design of pressure vessels under internal pressure, Mechanical design of stirred batch fermenter.
References
1. Perry’s Chemical Engineer’s Handbook; Mc Graw Hill
2. Chemical Engineering Design; R.K. Sinnot, Elsevior
3. Process Equipment Design; M.V. joshi and V.V. Mahajani, Mac Millan India Ltd
4. Process Engineering and Design; S.B. Thakor & B.I. Bhatt
5. Bioseparation Science and Engineering; Roger Harnsmetal, Oxford University Press
6. Plant Design & Economics for Chemical Engineers, 4th Edition; Max Peters & Klans D Timmerhauss, Mc Graw Hill Book Co 1991
Internal Continuous assessment: 100 marks
Internal continuous assessment is in the form of periodical test, assignments, seminars or a combination of all whichever suits best. There will be minimum of two tests per subject. The assessment details are to be announced right at the beginning of the semester by the teacher.
End semester Examination: 100 marks
Question pattern
Answer any three questions by choosing at least one question from each module.
Module I Module II Module III
31
Question 1 : 20
marks
Question 2 : 20
marks
Question 3 :
30marks
Question 4 :
30marks
Question 5 :
50marks
Question 6 :
50marks
BTB 10 202 DOWNSTREAM PROCESSING IN BIOPROCESSES
Teaching scheme Credits: 43 hours lecture & 1 hour tutorial per week
Objective
Enable the students to learn the various industrial scale downstream processing operations in the bioprocess industries
Module I (13 hours)
Basic concepts of separation technology, Overview of a bioprocess including upstream and downstream processing, Importance of downstream processing in biotechnology, characteristics of biological molecules, New Separation process in modern biotechnology; Separation characteristics of proteins and enzymes – size, stability & other biological properties; Selection of purification methodologies.
Biomass removal and disruption: Cell disruption by Mechanical and non mechanical methods, Chemical lysis, Enzymatic lysis, physical methods, Sonication, Types of Homogenizers, Flocculation: detailed study of the electrokinetic phenomena-numerical problems
Module II (13 hours)
Product Isolation: Liquid - liquid extractions, scale up of extractors, Precipitation (salt, pH, organic solvent, high molecular weight polymer). Separation of particulate by filtration: dead end filtration, calculation of time required for filtration, washing etc, concept of filter medium resistance, Rotary Vacuum Filtration, scale up of filtration systems, design considerations of sterile filters, cross flow filtration:- different modes of operation, numerical problems.
Centrifugation and ultracentrifugation: Batch and continuous; settling and -sedimentation: principles, methods and coefficients, application of sedimentation coefficient, equilibrium time, sigma
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analysis, decanting; Electrophoresis. Analysis using numerical examples may be included wherever required and relevant.
Module III (13 hours)
Membrane Based Separation: Membrane based purification: Microfiltration, Ultrafiltration, Reverse osmosis :- Models for reverse osmosis transport; design and operating parameters, solute rejection, permeability coefficient, concentration polarization, design of reverse osmosis module, applications etc-numerical problems. Dialysis; Structure and characteristics of membranes; Liquid membranes:- various types, transport mechanism, applications; Gas separation:- membranes for gas separation, models, Membrane reactors. Analysis using numerical examples may be included wherever required and relevant. Electrodialysis; Diafiltration; Pervaporation; Perstraction, Biotechnological applications of membrane based separations.
Module IV(14 hours)
Separation by Adsorption and Chromatography: Types of adsorption; adsorbents types, their preparation and properties, Types of adsorption isotherms and their importance; Chromatography:- general theory, partition coefficients, zone spreading, resolution and plate height concept and other chromatographic terms and parameters; chromatographic method selection; selection of matrix; separation based on size, charge, hydrophobicity and affinity: Gel filtration, Ion exchange chromatography, Affinity chromatography, IMAC chromatography; Covalent chromatography; Reverse phase chromatography (RPC) and hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC), HPLC, role of HPLC in protein characterization; Chromatofocussing; Polishing of Bioproducts by Crystallization of small and large molecules, drying and Formulations. Analysis using numerical examples may be included wherever required and relevant. Case Studies of the downstream processing of Baker's yeast, Ethanol, Power alcohol, Citric acid, Intracellular proteins, Penicillin, Streptomycin, Insulin, Casein, interferon, Large scale separation and purification of E.coli, yeast, Recombinant products shall be given due emphasis.
Note: The question paper shall contain 50% numerical problems. The question paper setters should be instructed to prepare the questions accordingly.
Text Books and References
1. E L V Harris and S. Angal, Protein Purification Methods, Ed. IRL Press at Oxford University Press, 1989.
2. Roger G. Harrison, Paul Todd, Scott R. Rudge, Demetri P. Petrides, Bioseparations Science and Engineering, Oxford University Press
3. P.A. Belter, E.L. Cussler and Wei-Shou Hu., Bioseparations-Downstream Processing for Biotechnology, Wiley- Interscience Publication, 1988.
33
4. B Sivasankar, Bioseparations - principles and techniques, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi,
5. Subramanian Ganapathy, Bioseparation & bioprocessing, (2nd Ed.) Wiley-VCH, 2007
6. J. E. Bailey and D. F. Ollis, Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals, 2nd Edition, Mc-Graw Hill, Inc., 1986.
7. Asenjo J.A. and J.Hong (Eds), Separation Processes in Biotechnolgy, Taylor and Francis
8. P F Stanbury and A Whitaker, Principles of fermentation technology Pergamon press (1984)
9. M. Moo-Young, Comprehensive Biotechnology" Vol.2 Ed.: (1985)
10. T. Schepler et al, Biotreatment, Downstream Processing and Modeling” (Advances in Biochemical Engineering /Biotechnology, Vol 56) by Springer Verlag
11 C.A. Costa and J.S. Cabral, Kluwer, Chromatographic and Membrane Processes in Biotechnology” Academic Publisher
12. J.P. Hamel, J.B. Hunter and S.K. Sikdar, Downstream Processing, American Chemical Society
13. M.R. Ladisch, R.C. Wilson, C.C. Painton and S.E. Builder, Protein Purification, American Chemical society ,Verlag
14. Robert K. Scopes, Protein purification: Principle and practice, third edition, Springer, editor: Charles R. Cantor
Internal continuous assessment: 100 marks Internal continuous assessment is in the form of periodical tests, assignments, seminars or a combination of all whichever suits best. There will be a minimum of two tests per subject. The assessment details are to be announced right at the beginning of the semester by the teacher.
End semester Examination: 100 marks
Question patternAnswer any 5 questions by choosing at least one question from each module.
Module I Module II Module III Module IV
Question 1 : 20 marksQuestion 2 : 20 marks
Question 3 : 20marksQuestion 4 : 20marks
Question 5 : 20marksQuestion 6 : 20marks
Question 7 : 20marksQuestion 8 : 20marks
BTB 10 203 ADVANCED ENZYME SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
Teaching scheme Credits: 43 hours lecture & 1 hour tutorial per week
34
Objective
Enables the student to understand enzyme kinetics, mass transfer effects in immobilized enzyme systems and design of enzyme reactors
Module I (13 hours)
Classification of enzymes. Enzyme specificity, Enzyme units and turnover number. The mechanism of enzyme catalysis. Important industrial enzymes and their sources. General aspects of enzyme
production solid state fermentation and submerged culture methods. General aspects of enzyme
Purification. Commercial applications of enzymes in industrial, analytical and medical fields. Genetically engineered enzymes in commerce
Module II (13 hours)
Simple enzyme kinetics- Michaelis-Menten and Briggs-Haldane approach. Evaluation of parameters in Michaelis-Menten equation. Kinetics for two substrate reactions. Inhibition of enzyme reactions- competitive and non-competitive inhibition. Substrate activation and inhibition. Influence of pH, temperature, shear, chemical agents and irradiation on enzyme activity. Deactivation models and kinetics. Strategies for enzyme stabilization
Module III (13 hours)
Enzyme immobilization, covalent binding, cross-linking, adsorption, matrix entrapment, microencapsulation. Advantages and disadvantages of different immobilization techniques. Overview of applications of immobilized enzyme systems
Mass transfer effects in immobilized enzyme systems. Analysis of film and pore-diffusion effects on kinetics of immobilized reactions. Zero order kinetics and first order kinetics- effectiveness factors. Effective diffusivities in biological gels.
Module IV (14 hours)
Design of batch and continuous reactors for soluble enzyme reaction. Immobilized enzyme reactor design- CSTR, PFR, packed bed, fluidized bed and membrane reactors. Bioconversion calculations in free-enzyme and immobilized enzyme reactors. Enzyme biosensors
References
1.Bailley and Ollis, Biochemical Engg Fundamentals, McGraw Hill
2.James M Lee, Biochemical Engineering, Prentice Hall
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3.Pauline M Doran Bioprocess Engg Fundamentals, Academic Press
4. Michael L schuler& Fikret Kargi, Bioprocess Engineering-bacic Concepts
Internal continuous assessment: 100 marks
Internal continuous assessment is in the form of periodical tests, assignments, seminars or a combination of all whichever suits best. There will be a minimum of two tests per subject. The assessment details are to be announced right at the beginning of the semester by the teacher.
End semester Examination: 100 marks Question pattern
Answer any 5 questions by choosing at least one question from each module.
Module I Module II Module III Module IV
Question 1 : 20 marksQuestion 2 : 20 marks
Question 3 : 20marksQuestion 4 : 20marks
Question 5 : 20marksQuestion 6 : 20marks
Question 7 : 20marksQuestion 8 : 20marks
BTB 10 204 (A) BIOINFORMATICS
Teaching scheme Credits: 43 hours lecture & 1 hour tutorial per week
Objective Looks into the possibility of using information technology to decipher the complicated biological
reaction mechanisms as well as understanding the structural complexity of a macromolecule
Module I (13 hours)
What is bioinformatics?
Scope of Bioinformatics – elementary commands and protocols, flip telnet, and http. Prinar on information theory.
Sequencing alignment and dynamic programming
Introduction – strings, Edit distance to strings – string similarity local alignment gaps parametric sequence alignments – suboptimal alignments – multiple alignment- common multiple alignment methods
Module II (13 hours)
Sequence data base and their use
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Introduction to data bases – data base search – algorithm issues in data base search sequence data base search – FASTA – BLAST - Amino acid substitution matrices PAM and BLOSSUM
Module III (13 hours)
Evolutionary trees and Phylogeny
Ultra sonic trees – parsimony – Ultra metric problem – Perfect phylogenetic alignment – connection between multiple alignment and tree construction
Module IV (14 hours)
Special topics in bioinformatics
DNA Mapping and sequencing-Map alignment-large scale sequencing and alignment- shotgun –DNA sequencing –sequence assembly-Gene predictions- Molecular predictions with DNA strings
References
1. Dan Gusfield, Algorithms on strings Trees and Sequences Cambridge University Press 1997
2. P.Baldi, S.Brunk, BioInformatics: A machine learning approach MIT Press 1998.
Internal continuous assessment: 100 marks
Internal continuous assessment is in the form of periodical tests, assignments, seminars or combination of all whichever suits best. There will be minimum of two tests per subject. The assessment details are to be announced right at the beginning of the semester by the teacher.
End semester Examination: 100 marks
Question pattern
Answer any 5 questions by choosing at least one question from each module.
Module I Module II Module III Module IV
Question 1 : 20 marksQuestion 2 : 20 marks
Question 3 : 20marksQuestion 4 : 20marks
Question 5 : 20marksQuestion 6 : 20marks
Question 7 : 20marksQuestion 8 : 20marks
BTB 10 204 (B) ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
Teaching scheme Credits: 43 hours lecture & 1 hour tutorial per week
37
Objective
The objective of the course is to create a general scientific understanding of the basic concepts in instrumentation used in biotechnology and bioprocessing.
Module I (13 hours)
Electromagnetic Spectrum, Interaction of Electromagnetic radiation with matter and transition between molecular energy levels, Jablonski diagram, Types of molecular energies, classification of Instrumental methods.
Basic principles, instrumentation, application in biotechnology; Basic laboratory Instruments: Principle and working of pH meter, Laminar-air flow chambers.
Microscopic identification of various microorganisms: Phase contrast Microscopy, confocal microscopy Fluorescent Microscopy, Electron Microscopy, Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy, Video Micrography, Atomic force Microscopy. Flow Cytometry.
Electrophoresis: General principle, factors affecting electrophoresis – voltage, current, resistance, buffer– composition, concentration, pH. Gel electrophoresis: Types of gels (starch, agarose, polyacrylamide), Idea of electrophoresis unit, preparation of gel, sample application, running the samples, SDS-PAGE - Principle, apparatus and methods, gradient gels, Two dimensional gels, isoelectric focusing. Microarray Technology:Basic Principles, Slide printing.
Module II (14 hours)
Chromatographic Techniques: Introduction to chromatography: General principles, column chromatography– columns, stationary phases. Packing of columns, application of sample, column development, fraction collection and analysis. Partition and adsorption chromatography (brief idea). Affinity Chromatography; Principle, materials matrix, selection of attachment of ligands, practical procedures, specific and non-specific elution, applications. Ion Exchange Chromatography: Principle, types of exchangers, materials, choice of exchangers and buffers and applications. Gel Filtration chromatography: Principle, idea of distribution coefficient, exclusion limit, fractionation range, bed volume, void volume, elution volume, chemical properties of gel and applications.
Gas Chromatography: Principle of GC system, solid support, capillary column, stationary phase, preparation and application of sample, separation conditions, detection systems and applications.
HPLC: Principle, components of HPLC system, column, column packing, chromatographic solvents, pumping systems, detector systems and its applications.
Module III (13 hours)
Spectroscopy: Spectroscopic Techniques; Introduction, Energy levels and transition of electrons, Types of spectra, Beers Lamberts law, molar and extinction coefficient, limitations of Beers Lamberts
38
law. Visible and UV Spectrophotometry; Principles, Instrumentation and applications. Spectroflourimetry; Principle, Stoke’s shift, quantum efficiency, instrumentation and applications.
Atomic and Flame spectrophotometry; Principles, Instrumentation and applications for flame emission / atomic absorption spectrophotometry and their comparative study. Mass spectrometry: Principles, Instrumentation and applications. Theory and applications of IR, NMR, Fluorescence, Atomic Absorption, Mass spectroscopy, CD, ORD, Mass, Raman Spectroscopy, ESR principles - instrumentation-applications, Beer-Lambert’s law, Use of NMR in elucidation biosynthesis pathways.
Module IV (13 hours)
Radioisotopic techniques: Use of radioisotopes in life sciences, radioactive labelling, principle and application of tracer techniques, detection and measurement of radioactivity using ionization chamber, proportional chamber, Geiger- Muller and Scintillation counters, autoradiography and its applications, Dosimetry, Immunoassay.
Thermal Analysis: Differential scanning calorimetry and differential analysis Instrumentation, Thermogravimetry, Methodology of Thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry and differential thermal analysis.
References
1. Wilson K and Goulding K.H., A biologist’s guide to Principles and Techniques of Practical Biochemistry.
2. Willard and Merrit, Instrumental Methods and Analysis
3. Ewing GW, Instrumental Methods of Chemical analysis.
4. Robert. M. Silverstein et al, Spectrometric identification of Organic Compounds, 7th Edition, 1981.
5. Vogel’s, Text Book of Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 6th Edition, 2004.
6. John A. Adamovic, Chromatographic Analysis of Pharmaceuticals, 2nd Edition.
7. Raymond P. W. Scott, Techniques and Practice of Chromatography –Vol. 70.
8. Sethi P.D, Dilip Charegaonkar, Chromatography –2nd Edition.
9. Niessen W. M. A., Van Der Greef J, Liquid Chromatography– Mass Spectrometry, Vol. 58.
10. Kalsi.P.K, Spectroscopy of Organic Compounds.
11. Hanes, Gel Electrophoresis of Proteins- A Practical Approach,
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12. Hamilton R. J. and Sewell P. A, Introduction to High Performance Liquid Chromatography
13. Gordon M. Message, Practical aspects of Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry, John Wiley and Sons, New York. 1984
14. Chapman J.M and G.Ayrey, The use of radioactive isotopes in the life sciences, George Allen and Unwin Ltd., London.
15. J.R. Lakowicz; Principles of Fluorescence Spectroscopy (Springer)
Internal continuous assessment: 100 marks
Internal continuous assessment is in the form of periodical tests, assignments, seminars or a combination of all whichever suits best. There will be minimum of two tests per subject. The assessment details are to be announced right at the beginning of the semester by the teacher.
End semester Examination: 100 marks
Question pattern
Answer any 5 questions by choosing at least one question from each module.
Module I Module II Module III Module IV
Question 1 : 20 marksQuestion 2 : 20 marks
Question 3 : 20marksQuestion 4 : 20marks
Question 5 : 20marksQuestion 6 : 20marks
Question 7 : 20marksQuestion 8 : 20marks
BTB 10 204 (C) PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
Teaching scheme Credits: 43 hours lecture & 1 hour tutorial per week
ObjectiveThe objective of the course is to enable the students to know about drug absorption and delivery, pharmacogenomics,gene therapy,production of r-therapeutics, and methods of drug manufacture.
Module 1 (13 hours)
An overview of pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical biotechnology. Current status and future prospects. Scope of biotechnology in pharmacy and medical sectors. Pharmaceuticals of animal, plant and microbial origin.
Mechanism of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion- factors affecting the ADME process.Drug delivery system. Controlled drug delivery system and novel drug delivery system
Module II (14 hours)
40
Genomics and its impact on medicine: Rational drug design processes- introduction. QSAR, 3-DQSAR. Genetic counselling and gene testing. Cancer –oncogenes, tumour suppressor genes and growth factors.
Pharmacogenomics: Hereditary disorders. Single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) and its application in molecular medicine and personal medicine. Pharmacogenomics based approaches for cancer, diabetes, hypertension and alzheimers disease etc.
Module III (13 hours)
Gene therapy: Principles, methods and applications of gene therapy. Viral and non-viral systems for gene therapy. Gene therapy case studies-cancer, inborn errors and hematopoietic disorders.Genetically engineered pharmaceuticals: Concept and method for production of r-therapeutics with reference to insulin, growth hormone, hematopoietic growth factors, hepatitis B vaccine and interferon
Module IV (13 hours)
Principles of monoclonal antibodies production, design and development of ELISA kit. Monoclonal antibodies in diseases detection and treatment. Role of PCR in microbial , plant and animal cell/ virus detection
Principles of drug manufacture- solutions, suspensions and emulsions. Topical application- ointments,creams, suppositories.Solid dosage forms-powders, granules, capsules, coating of tablets, aerosols. Preservation, Packing techniques . Indian pharmacopoeia, Guide to good manufacturing practice. Preclinical and clinical trials, Role of regulatory agencies.
References
1 S.K.Vyas,V.K.Dixit, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, CBS Publishers, New Delhi
2 Daan J.ACrommilin and RobertD. Sindelar, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Taylor and Francis, London
3 Oliver Kayser, Ramier H. Miller, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology: Drug Discovery and clinical applications, Wiley Interscience.
4 Rodney J.Y. Ho, and Milo Gibaldi, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals, Wiley Liss sons Publications, New Jersey
5 Lachman,Lieberman and Kanig , The Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy
Internal continuous assessment: 100 marks Internal continuous assessment is in the form of periodical tests, assignments, seminars or a combination of all whichever suits best. There will be minimum of two tests per subject. The assessment details are to be announced right at the beginning of the semester by the teacher.
End semester Examination: 100 marks
41
Question pattern
Answer any 5 questions by choosing at least one question from each module.
Module I Module II Module III Module IV
Question 1 : 20 marksQuestion 2 : 20 marks
Question 3 : 20marksQuestion 4 : 20marks
Question 5 : 20marksQuestion 6 : 20marks
Question 7 : 20marksQuestion 8 : 20marks
ELECTIVE III
BTB 10 205 (A) INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
Teaching scheme Credits: 43 hours lecture & 1 hour tutorial per week
Objective The objective of the course is to give the students ideas about the role of a biotechnological
engineer and manufacturing techniques of various biotechnology industry products.
Module 1 (14 hours)
A review of industrial fermentation and enzymatic processes and products. Role of a bioprocess engineer in bioprocess industry. Outline of the various unit operations involved in the upstream and downstream operations of a bioprocess plant. Process flowsheeting.
A survey of organisms. Isolation and improvement of microbial strains, mutation and mutant selection. Recombinant DNA technology for overproduction of primary and secondary metabolites.
Capital cost estimation, operating cost estimation, profitability analysis. GMP and cGMP. Utilities in a bioprocess plant. Energy conservation and audit in a bioprocess plant.
Module II (13 hours)
Production of Amylases, Proteases, Lipase, Cellulase, Pectinase, Glucose isomerase.General purification methods for enzymes.
Application of enzymes in Starches, Sugars and Syrups Industry, Milling and Baking, Fruit and Vegetable Juice manufacture, Savoury Flavor enhancement, Brewing, Textiles and Laundry Detergents, Pulp and Paper industry, Tanning Industry.
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Module III (13 hours)
Manufacture of Citric acid, Acetic acid ,Lactic acid, Gluconic acid, Pencillin,Steptomycin, Bakers Yeast,High Fructose Corn Syrup, Ethanol, Butanol, SCP,PHA, PHB, Aspartame, Nisin aqnd Glutamic acid
Module IV (13 hours)
Manufacture of human insulin, Interferon, Erythropoietin, Steptokinase, Urokinase, Interleukin, Blood factor VIII, Hepatitis B Vaccine, Vitamin B12, Riboflavin, Vitamin-C, Monoclonal antibodies (Therapeutic )
References
1. Michael L Schuler & Fikret Kargi “ Bioprocess Engineering”, Prentice Hall of India2. Wulf Crueger and Anneliese Crueger “ A Textboof of Industial Microbiology” , Panima Publishing
Corporation.3. Moo-Young. M, “ Comprehensive Biotechnology” Pergamon Press ( Oxford )4. N.Gray, M. Calvin, SC Batia, “ Enzymes biotechnology”, CBS Publishers & Distributors5. A.H. Patel “ Industrial Microbiology” Macmillan.6. S.N. Jogdand “ Biopharmaceuticals” Himalaya Publishing House
Internal continuous assessment: 100 marks Internal continuous assessment is in the form of periodical tests, assignments, seminars or a combination of all whichever suits best. There will be a minimum of two tests per subject. The assessment details are to be announced right at the beginning of the semester by the teacher.
End semester Examination: 100 marks
Question pattern
Answer any 5 questions by choosing at least one question from each module.
Module I Module II Module III Module IV
Question 1 : 20 marksQuestion 2 : 20 marks
Question 3 : 20marksQuestion 4 : 20marks
Question 5 : 20marksQuestion 6 : 20marks
Question 7 : 20marksQuestion 8 : 20marks
BTB 10 205 (B) FOOD ENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
Teaching scheme Credits: 43 hours lecture & 1 hour tutorial per week
Objective
The objective of the course is to give concepts of food biotechnology, dairy microbiology and various engineering aspects of food processing
Module I (13 hours)
43
Microbial flora of common foods. Microbial spoilage of foods and food products. Factors affecting the growth and survival of microorganisms in foods. Food borne infections and intoxications. Microbiological examination of foods. Preservation of foods.
Fermented foods and beverages, food ingredients and additives prepared by fermentation. Food safety strategies, HACCP concept. Food laws and food safety acts. Monitoring of safety. Safety assessment of genetically modified foods. Introduction to food packaging
Module II (13 hours)
Dairy microbiology. Sources of microorganisms in milk. Microorganisms in milk. Bacteriological examination of milk. Preservation of milk- Pasteurization ,Sterilization, Dehydration. Bacteriological standards and grading of milk. Milkborne diseases. Cleaning and sanitation in dairy industries. Dairy plant waste treatment technologies.
Module III (13 hours)
Steam generation and utilization in food industry. Properties of steam . Classification of boilers. Utilization of steam in food processing. Microwave heating.
Refrigeration- basic concepts, refrigeration load, refrigeration in food processing.
Humidification, humidity, psycrometric charts, humidifiers and dehumidifiers, Application of humidification in food processing
Module IV (14 hours)
Drying. Theory of crying. Drying equipment. Application of drying in food processing.
Extraction. Solid-Liquid extraction. Extraction theory. Counter- current and co-current . Extraction equipment. Supercritical Fluid Extraction in food processing
Evaporation, Boiling Point Rise, Single Effect and Multiple Effect Evaporators. Evaporation Equipment.
References
1. Michael J. Pelczar,ECS Chan, Noel R Krieg, “ Microbiology”.2. W.C. Frazier “ Food microbiology”, Tata McGrawHill.3. James M Jay “ Modern Food Microbiology”, CBS Publishers4. D.G.Rao, Fundamentals of Food Engineering , Prentice Hall of India.5. Toledo R.T. “ Fundamentals of Food Process Engg” , CBS Publishers
Internal continuous assessment: 100 marks
Internal continuous assessment is in the form of periodical tests, assignments, seminars or a combination of all whichever suits best. There will be minimum of two tests per subject. The assessment details are to be announced right at the beginning of the semester by the teacher.
End semester Examination: 100 marks
44
Question pattern
Answer any 5 questions by choosing at least one question from each module.
Module I Module II Module III Module IV
Question 1 : 20 marksQuestion 2 : 20 marks
Question 3 : 20marksQuestion 4 : 20marks
Question 5 : 20marksQuestion 6 : 20marks
Question 7 : 20marksQuestion 8 : 20marks
BTB 10 205 (C) BIONANOTECHNOLOGY
Teaching scheme Credits: 43 hours lecture & 1 hour tutorial per week
Objective
Trains the student to understand the potentials and applications of nanotechnology for biological applications
Module I (13 hours)
Introduction to nano biotechnology – micro and nanosystems and technologies; overview of nano devices and techniques
Synthesis and characterization of nano scale materials- Strategies for nano architecture (top down and bottom up approaches) – fabrication technologies and characterization – self - assembly systems
Nanobiotechnology and microorganisms – PHA in nano biotechnology – cyanophycin inclusions – magnetosomes – alignates – bacteriophages – bacterial spores – bacterial protein complexes – s – layer proteins – bacteriorhodopsin
Module II (13 hours)
Inorganic nanoscale systems for biosystems – nano-structured materials – Fullerenes: properties and characterization – carbon nano tubes: characterization and application – quantum dots and wires – gold nanoparticles –nanopores
Module III (14 hours)
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Nanomolecules in biosystems – proteins, lipids, RNA and DNA – nanoscale elements for delivery of materials into cells – peptide coupled nanoparticles – DNA based artifical nano structures – proteins as components in nanodevices
Nanotechnology and cell – cell motility: nanomotors and cellular navigation – chemotaxis – transmembrane signalling and related proteins- nanoscale artificial platforms: lipids in self-assembly structures.
Module IV (13 hours)
Nanobiotechnology in drug delivery – nanoscale devices for drug delivery – micelles for drug delivery – protein targeting: small molecules-protein interactions – microarray and genome chips – nanobiosensors and nanobiochips, Nanomedicines, Drug targeting
Nanotechnology for cancer diagnosis and treatment – tumour targeted drug delivery system – nanotechnology for imaging and detection .Nanotechnology for cell destruction
References:
1. Nanobiotechnology in molecular diagnostics – current techniques and applications K.K.Jain (2006); Taylar and Francis publications.
2. Applications of nanoparticles in biology and medicine. O.V.Salata. Journal of nanobiotechnology (2004), 2:3
3. Microbial Bionanotechnology Edited by Bernard H.A Relim
Internal continuous assessment: 100 marks
Internal continuous assessment is in the form of periodical tests, assignments, seminars or a combination of all whichever suits best. There will be minimum of two tests per subject. The assessment details are to be announced right at the beginning of the semester by the teacher.
End semester Examination: 100 marks
Question pattern
Answer any 5 questions by choosing at least one question from each module.
Module I Module II Module III Module IV
Question 1 : 20 marksQuestion 2 : 20 marks
Question 3 : 20marksQuestion 4 : 20marks
Question 5 : 20marksQuestion 6 : 20marks
Question 7 : 20marksQuestion 8 : 20marks
46
BTB 10 206 (P) DOWNSTREAM PROCESSING LAB/ MINI PROJECT
Hours per week: Practical 2 hours Credits: 2
1. Gel filtration chromatography
2. Ion exchange Chromatography
3. Hydrophobic interaction chromatography
4. Affinity chromatography
5. Storage techniques for bioactive compounds- Freeze drying, Spray drying
6. Separation and identification of protein subunits
7. Separation & identification nucleic acids on gel electrophoresis
8. Molecular mass determination & subunit molecular mass determination of enzymes
9. Density gradient separation of proteins or nucleic acids
Internal continuous assessment: 100 marks
Regularity - 30 marks Record - 20 marks Tests, Viva - 50 marks
Mini project
Teaching scheme: 2 hours per week Credits: 2
Objective
To practice the steps involved for the selection, execution, and reporting of the project and to
train the students for group activities to accomplish an engineering task.
• Individual students are required to choose a topic of their interest. The subject content of the
mini project shall be from emerging/thrust areas, topics of current relevance having research
aspects or shall be based on industrial visits. At the end of the semester, the students should
submit a report duly authenticated by the respective guide, to the head of the department.
Mini project will have internal marks 50 and semester end examination marks 50. Internal marks will
be awarded by respective guides as per the stipulations given below.
Attendance, regularity of the student = 20 marks
Individual evaluation through viva voce/test = 30 marks
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Total = 50 marks
Semester End examination will be conducted by a committee consisting of three faculty
members. The students are required to bring the report completed in all respects duly authenticated by
the respective guide and head of the department before the committee. Students individually will
present their work before the committee. The committee will evaluate the students individually and
marks shall be awarded as follows.
Report : 25 marks
Concept/Knowledge in the topic : 15 marks
Presentation : 10 marks
Total marks : 50 marks
BTB 10 207 (P) SEMINAR
Teaching scheme: 2 hours per week Credits: 2
Objective
University Seminar is with the objective of inculcating interest in students to read scientific
and technical literature, consolidate data as a review of literature on the subject and enhances
capability to present it in front of learned audience. Seminar imparts experience, expertise and
eloquence in survey of literature, scientific writing, and condensation of data and communication
skill of a student.
Individual students are required to choose a topic of their interest from Bioprocess
Engineering or related topics with industrial orientation preferably from outside the M.Tech syllabus
and give a seminar on that topic about 30 minutes. A committee consisting of at least three faculty
members shall assess the presentation of the seminar and award marks to the students based on merits
of topic of presentation. Each student shall submit two copies of a write up of his/her seminar topic.
One copy shall be returned to the student after duly certifying it by the chairman of the assessing
committee and the other will be kept in the departmental library. Internal continuous assessment
marks are awarded based on the relevance of the topic, presentation skill, quality of the report and
participation.
Internal continuous assessment: 100 marks
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Evaluation shall be based on the following pattern:
Report = 50 marks
Concept/knowledge in the topic = 20 marks
Presentation = 30 marks
Total marks = 100 marks
THIRD SEMESTER
The student has to credit 2 theory subjects from the two groups of electives listed. The student has to undergo an industrial training of duration one month during the semester break after the semester II and complete that within 15 calendar days from the start of semester III.
BTB 10 301(A) MODELLING AND SIMULATION OF BIOPROCESSES
Teaching scheme Credits: 43 hours lecture & 1 hour tutorial per week
Objective
To give a sound understanding of the fundamental principles of modelling in bioprocessing applications
Module I (13 hours)
Approach to Modelling: Significance of modelling and simulation, kinetic models on different approaches; deterministic and stochastic, structured and unstructured, segregated and unsegregated; examples of each. Compartmental models (two and four); product formation model; genetically structured models, modelling of extra cellular enzyme production.
Module II (14 hours)
Modelling of Bioprocess: Modelling of continuous sterilization of medium; modelling of activated sludge process with a control system; model for anaerobic digestion, model for SCP production form spent sulphite liquor. Models for external mass transfer, internal diffusion and reaction within biocatalysts, model for antibiotic formation; modelling of therapeutic protein production with
49
recombinant cells. Modelling of Non-ideal Behaviour in Bioreactors-Tanks-in-series and Dispersion models.
Module III (13 hours)
Simulation techniques (Software): continuous system simulators (CSMP, INT, LEANS, MIDAS, MIMIC); dynamic process simulators (DYFLO, DYNSIS, PRODYC, REMUS); steady state material and energy balance programs (PACER, FLOWTRAN, CHESS); some aspects of INT and DYFLO programs; General arrangement of main program using INT subroutines.
Module IV (13 hours)
Simulation techniques (Numerical Methods): Programs based on numerical methods like algebraic equations, Newton_Raphson method for algebraic convergence, interpolation, arbitrary function generation (FUN1, FUN2 subroutines). Programs based on solution of differential equations: Euler method for 1st and 2nd order integration, subroutines INT and INTI; Fourth order Runga –Kutta method: stability of numerical integration variable slip size method. Case studies, Numerical problems.
References
1. Bailey, J.E and D.F ollis , Biochemical Engineering fundamentals , 2nd ed. McGraw Hill Book Co. , 1988
2. Blanch, H.W and I.J. Dunn ,“Modeling and Simulation in Biochemical Engg” in advances in biochemical engg. Vol-3 edited by T.K. Ghosh, A.Fiechler and N. Blakebrngh.
3. R.G.E Franks, “ Modeling and Simulation in chemical engineering “, Wiley International 1972.
4. Kleinstreur ,C. and T. Powegha, “ Modeling and Simulation of Bioreactor Process Dynamics “ in Advances in Biochemical Engg./ Biotechnology , vol.30 , edited by A. Fiechler springer verlag , Berlin , Heidelberg,1984.
Internal continuous assessment: 100 marks Internal continuous assessment is in the form of periodical tests, assignments, seminars or a combination of all whichever suits best. There will be minimum of two tests per subject. The assessment details are to be announced right at the beginning of the semester by the teacher.
End semester Examination: 100 marks Question pattern
Answer any 5 questions by choosing at least one question from each module.
Module I Module II Module III Module IV
50
Question 1 : 20 marks
Question 2 : 20 marks
Question 3 : 20marks
Question 4 : 20marks
Question 5 : 20marks
Question 6 : 20marks
Question 7 : 20marks
Question 8 : 20marks
BTB 10 301(B) PROCESS CONTROL AND INSTRUMENTATION IN BIOPROCESSES
Teaching scheme Credits: 43 hours lecture & 1 hour tutorial per week
ObjectiveTo impart basic knowledge about instrumentation and process control strategies adopted in bioprocess systems.
Module I (13 hours)
Introduction on instrumentation. Methods of measuring process variables like temperature, flow measurement, pressure, microbial biomass, dissolved oxygen, inlet and exit gas analysis, pH, Redox, Medium chemical sensors. Online analysis for other chemical factors
Module II (13 hours)
General introduction of a process control system. Design elements of a control system. Introduction to mathematical modelling. Basics and examples of mathematical modelling. Linearization of non-linear systems. Qualitative analysis of a response of a system. Dynamic behaviour of first order systems. Study of different order systems. Dynamic behaviour of higher order systems
.
Module III (14 hours)
Concept of feedback control. Types of feedback controllers. Block diagrams, manual control, automatic control- proportional, integral, derivative and composite control. Control actions on the dynamic response of a system. Notion of stability. Criterion for stability – Routh test, Frequency response analysis – Bode plot
Module IV (13 hours)
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Process control in bioprocess systems. Direct regulatory control. Cascade control of metabolism. Programmed batch bioreaction. Design and operating strategies for batch plants and continuous process control. Computer applications in fermentation technology. Data logging and data analysis.
References:
1. Principles of fermentation technology; P.F.Stanbury, A. Whitaker and S.J. Hall, Aditya Books(P) Ltd.
2. Process Systems Analysis and Control; Coughanowr & Koppel, Mc Graw Hill.
3. Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals; James E. Bailey and David F. Ollis, Mc Graw Hill book company.
Internal continuous assessment: 100 marks
Internal continuous assessment is in the form of periodical tests, assignments, seminars or a combination of all whichever suits best. There will be minimum of two tests per subject. The assessment details are to be announced right at the beginning of the semester by the teacher.
End semester Examination: 100 marks Question pattern
Answer any 5 questions by choosing at least one question from each module.
Module I Module II Module III Module IV
Question 1 : 20 marks
Question 2 : 20 marks
Question 3 : 20marks
Question 4 : 20marks
Question 5 : 20marks
Question 6 : 20marks
Question 7 : 20marks
Question 8 : 20marks
BTB 10 301 (C) TRANSPORT PHENOMENA IN BIOPROCESSES
Teaching scheme Credits: 43 hours lecture & 1 hour tutorial per week
Objective To expose the students to the concepts of momentum, heat and mass transfer in bio processing
52
Module I (14 hours)
Momentum transfer:Review of basic concepts – Conservation of Mass, , Momentum Balance (Three dimensional equations in various geometries – Formulation of Momentum Balance in laminar flows in various geometries in Cartesian and polar geometry configurations and obtaining velocity and shear stress profiles for typical flow problems using Shell balance approach and deducing from conservation equations.
Module II (13 hours)
Heat transfer: Review of basic concepts – Various modes of heat transfer, viz., conduction, convection and radiation. Design Equations for Heat Transfer Systems – Energy Balance, boundary conditions, Calculation of Heat-Transfer Coefficients. Shell energy balances and temperature distributions in solids and laminar flow;
Application of heat transfer in bioprocessing, Heat Management in Bioreactors, Relationship between heat transfer, cell concentration and stirring conditions. Use of three dimensional energy balance equations to solve typical heat transfer problems to determine the temperature and heat flux distribution.
Module III (13 hours)
Mass transfer: Review of basic concepts – Diffusivity, theory of diffusion, analogy between mass, heat and momentum transfer, role of diffusion in bio processing. Definition of binary mass transfer coefficients, transfer coefficients at high mass transfer rates- boundary layer theory, penetration theory. Convective mass transfer – Liquid-solid mass transfer, liquid-liquid mass transfer, gas- liquid mass transfer. Use of conservation equations to solve different mass transfer problems
Module IV (13 hours)
Fermentation Broth Rheology – Viscosity, Rheological Properties of Fermentation Broths, Factors affecting broth viscosity.
Oxygen transport to microbial cultures – Gas- liquid mass transfer fundamentals, oxygen requirement of microbial cultures. Oxygen requirements of microbial cultures, oxygen mass transfer fundamentals. oxygen transfer and oxygen demand. Oxygen transfer by aeration and agitation. Determination of oxygen mass transfer coefficient by various methods including dynamic gassing out and oxygen balance methods.
Mixing in a Bioreactor – Flow regimes with and without baffles, various types of impellers and mixing equipment. Power Requirements for Mixing, Ungassed Newtonian Fluids, Gassed Fluids, Improving Mixing in Fermenters, Effect of Rheological Properties on Mixing, Role of Shear in Stirred Fermenters
53
Note: The students will be permitted to use the attested copies of the conservation equations in different geometries in the examination hall. The Photostat copies of the conservation equations are to be certified by the concerned faculty and approved by the Head of the department for using the same in the examination hall.
References 1. Arthur T. Johnson, Biological Process Engineering: An Analogical Approach to Fluid
Flow, Heat Transfer, and Mass Transfer Applied to Biological Systems, John Wiley and Sons, 1998.
2. R. B. Bird et al., Transport Phenomena, 2nd Edition, Wiley, 2006.
3. Pauline M. Doran, Bioprocess Engineering Principles, Academic Press, 1995. 4. Blanch H.W and Douglas S. C, Biochemical Engineering, CRC Press, 1997. 5. Michael L Shuler and Fikret Kargi, Bioprocess Engineering: Basic Concepts, Prentice-Hall of
India Pvt Ltd, 2008.
Internal continuous assessment: 100 marks
Internal continuous assessment is in the form of periodical tests, assignments, seminars or combination of all whichever suits best. There will be a minimum of two tests per subject. The assessment details are to be announced right at the beginning of the semester by the teacher.
End semester Examination: 100 marks
Question pattern
Answer any 5 questions by choosing at least one question from each module.
Module I Module II Module III Module IV
Question 1 : 20 marksQuestion 2 : 20 marks
Question 3 : 20marksQuestion 4 : 20marks
Question 5 : 20marksQuestion 6 : 20marks
Question 7 : 20marksQuestion 8 : 20marks
ELECTIVE V
BTB 10 302 (A) MEMBRANE SEPARATION TECHNOLOGY
Teaching scheme Credits: 43 hours lecture & 1 hour tutorial per week
Objective
Introduce the ideas of membrane preparation factors affecting the separation and the applications of membrane processes
54
Module I (14 hours)
Basic principle of membrane separation. Classification of membrane separation processes. Advantages and disadvantages of membrane processes. Retention or rejection coefficient. Factors affecting the separation processes- concentration polarization and fouling. Membrane types, materials and modules. General methods of membrane manufacture. Application of membrabe separation processes in pharmaceutical, food, dairy, bioprocess and chemical industry
.
Module II (13 hours)
The concept of reverse osmosis. Flux equations. Design and operating parameters- concentration polarization and membrane plugging. Design of an RO Module. Applications of reverse osmosis.
The principle of nanofiltration, nanofiltration membrane, parameters affecting the performance of NF membranes. Industrial applications.
Module III (13 hours)
The basic principle of ultra filtration, ultrafiltration membranes, configuration of UF unit, Types of devices in ultrafiltration. Factors affecting the performance of ultrafiltration. Fouling and flux decline.
Affinity ultrafiltration in protein purification and other applications.
Module IV (13 hours)
The basic principle of microfiltration. Cross flow and dead end microfiltration. Microfiltration membranes. Mechanism of transport. Membrane plugging and throughput. Fouling in microfiltration membranes and factors affecting fouling. Applications of microfiltration.
Dialysis. Dialysis membranes, Mass transfer in dialysis. Applications. Elecrodialysis- principles and applications.
References 1.Kaushik Nath “ Membrane Separation Processes “”, Prentice Hall of India
2.B.Sivasanker “ Bioseparations “” Prentice Hall of India
Internal continuous assessment: 100 marks Internal continuous assessment is in the form of periodical tests, assignments, seminars or a combination of all whichever suits best. There will be minimum of two tests per subject. The assessment details are to be announced right at the beginning of the semester by the teacher.
End semester Examination: 100 marks
Question pattern
Answer any 5 questions by choosing at least one question from each module.
55
Module I Module II Module III Module IV
Question 1 : 20 marks
Question 2 : 20 marks
Question 3 : 20marks
Question 4 : 20marks
Question 5 : 20marks
Question 6 : 20marks
Question 7 : 20marks
Question 8 : 20marks
BTB 10 302 (B) ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
Teaching scheme Credits: 43 hours lecture & 1 hour tutorial per week
Objective
To impart basic concepts of water pollution and pollution due to solid waste and to impart knowledge about the design of equipment for controlling pollution due to wastewater and also to study the waste treatment of major organic industries.
Module I (13 hours)
Wastewater characteristics. Constituents of wastewater- physical, chemical, and biological. Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) specification for effluents. Analytical Techniques. An overview of physical, chemical and biological treatment methods.
Design of equalization basin , screen chamber, grit chamber, oil and grease trap, chemical coagulation and precipitation. Primary treatment.
Module II (14 hours)
Biological treatment of wastewater-aerobic processes. Secondary treatment. Mass balance for biomass growth and food utilization. Description of suspended and attached growth processes. Design considerations like MLSS, F/M ratio, Mean cell residence time, HRT, SRT, organic loading etc. Design of an activated sludge plant and secondary settling tank. Design of Moving Bed BioReactor( MBBR)
Module III (13 hours)
56
Anaerobic biological wastewater treatment. Packed bed reactors, Extended bed reactors, Fluidized bed reactors. Design of a anaerobic contact process and UASB. Quantity of methane gas produced, Anaerobic sludge digestion.
Module IV (13 hours)
Municipal solid waste. characterization. Waste generation. MSW treatment. composting- aerobic, anaerobic and vermi. Sanitary landfill. Recovery and recycling. Design of incinerators.
Wastewater treatment for pulp and paper ,dairy, distillery, tannery, food &allied industry, drugs and pharmaceuticals industries. Slaughter house waste. Biomedical waste management Hazardous waste management
.
References:
1. Wastewater Engineering, Metcalf and Eddy, Mcgraw Hill
2. Environmental Engg, Howard s. Peavy, Donald R. Rowe, George Tcchobanoglous, Mc Graw Hill
3. Wastewater Treatment Concepts and design Approach ,G.L.Karia, R.A. Christian
Internal continuous assessment: 100 marks Internal continuous assessment is in the form of periodical tests, assignments, seminars or a combination of all whichever suits best. There will be a minimum of two tests per subject. The assessment details are to be announced right at the beginning of the semester by the teacher.
End semester Examination: 100 marks Question pattern
Answer any 5 questions by choosing at least one question from each module.
Module I Module II Module III Module IV
Question 1 : 20 marks
Question 2 : 20 marks
Question 3 : 20marks
Question 4 : 20marks
Question 5 : 20marks
Question 6 : 20marks
Question 7 : 20marks
Question 8 : 20marks
57
BTB 10 302 (C) BIOENERGY ENGINEERING
Teaching scheme Credits: 43 hours lecture & 1 hour tutorial per weekObjective
Enables the student to understand the various bioenergy systems and to study in detail the various technologies in biogas, biodiesel, biohydrogen and microbial fuel cells
Module I (13 hours)
General classification of energy. Indian and world energy resources and consumption. Energy crisis.Energy alternatives. Importance of bioenergy. Biomass energy resources. Biochemical and thermochemical methods of biomass conversion. Preparation of woody biomass- size reduction, briquetting, drying , storage and handling of biomass. Combustion, gasification and pyrolysis of biomass. Design approach for biomass gasifiers. Combustion of biomass- calculations and design of equipments. Cogeneration in biomass processing industries.
Module II (13 hours)
Biogas technology. Significance of biogas technology in Indian economy. Feedstock for biogas production. Microbial and biochemical aspects of biogas production. Kinetics of anaerobic fermentation. Dry and wet fermentation. Variuos designs of biogas digesters. High rate digesters for industrial wastewater treatment. Two-phase anaerobic digestion.
Module III(14 hours)
Bioethanol. Feedstock for bioethanol production. Microbiology and biochemistry of ethanol production.Ethanol production technologies. Separate and simultaneous hydrolysis and fermentation. Recovery of bioethanol. Metabolic pathway modification of certain of ethanologenic bacteria through genetic engineering .Bioethanol as a transportation fuel.
Biodiesel. Chemical ,thermodynamic and reaction kinetic aspects of biodiesel production through transesterification.. Sources of oil. Variables affecting transesterification. Properties of biodiesel. Engine performance characteristics with biodiesel
Module IV (13 hours)
Biohydrogen. Photofermentation- photoautotrophic and photohetrotrophic hydrogen production.Substrates for biohydrogen production. Effect of environmental factors in hydrogen production. Comparison with non-biological hydrogen production.
Microbial fuel cells. Biochemical basis. Fuel cell design- anode and cathode compartment, microbial cultures, redox mediators, exchange membrane, power density. Single and two chamber designs. Effectiveness of MFC for wastewater treatment
References
1. Chakraverthy A, “Biotechnology and Alternative Technologies for Utilization of Biomass
58
or AgriculturalWastes”, Oxford & IBH publishing Co, 1989.
2. D. Yogi Goswami, Frank Kreith, Jan. F .Kreider, “Principles of Solar Engineering”, 2nd
Edition, Taylor & Francis, 2000, Indian reprint, 2003 [chapter 10]
3. Mital K.M, “Biogas Systems: Principles and Applications”, New Age International
publishers (P) Ltd., 1996.
4. Nijaguna, B.T., Biogas Technology, New Age International publishers (P) Ltd., 2002
5. Venkata Ramana P and Srinivas S.N, “Biomass Energy Systems”, Tata Energy Research
Institute, 1996.
6. Rezaiyan. J and N. P. Cheremisinoff, “Gasification Technologies, A Primer for Engineers
and Scientists”,
7. Taylor & Francis, 2005 Khandelwal. K. C. and Mahdi S. S., “Bio-Gas Technology”, Tata
McGraw-Hill Pub. Co, 1986.
8. Caye M. Drapcho, N.P.Nhuan and T.H.Walker, Biofuels Engineering Process Technology,
Mcgraw-Hill Publishers, NewYork
9. Jonathan R.M, Biofuels- Methods and Protocols ( Methods in Molecular biology series ),
Humana Press, New York
10. Lisbeth Olsson (Ed), Biofuels ( Advances in Biochemical Engg/ Biotechnology Series ),
Springer-Verlag Publishers, Berlin
Internal continuous assessment: 100 marks Internal continuous assessment is in the form of periodical tests, assignments, seminars or a combination of all whichever suits best. There will be minimum of two tests per subject. The assessment details are to be announced right at the beginning of the semester by the teacher.
End semester Examination: 100 marks Question pattern
Answer any 5 questions by choosing at least one question from each module.
Module I Module II Module III Module IV
Question 1: 20 marksQuestion 2: 20 marks
Question 3: 20marksQuestion 4: 20marks
Question 5: 20marksQuestion 6: 20marks
Question 7: 20marksQuestion 8: 20marks
59
BTB 10 303 (P) INDUSTRIAL TRAINING
Teaching scheme: 1 hour per week Credits: 1
The students have to undergo an industrial training of minimum two weeks in a biotech industry during the semester break after second semester and complete within 15 calendar days from the start of third semester. The students have to submit a report of the training undergone and present the contents of the report before the evaluation committee constituted by the department. An internal evaluation will be conducted for examining the quality and authenticity of contents of the report and award the marks at the end of the semester.
Internal continuous assessment: 50 marks
BTB 10 304 (P) MASTER RESEARCH PROJECT (PHASE I)
Teaching scheme: 22 hours per week Credits: 6
Objective
Project work empowers the student(s) to identify and frame scientific problem(s) of industrial / academic /environmental significance, design various experimental approaches to solve the problem, enhances the capacity to analyze and interpret the data to arrive at a conclusion on the subject matter of the study. The project work aims to develop the work practice in students to apply theoretical and practical tools/techniques to solve real life problems related to industry and current research
• The project work can be a design project/experimental project or any of the topics of industrial orientation related to biotechnology engineering stream. The project work is allotted individually on different topics. The students shall be encouraged to do their project work in the parent institute itself. If found essential, they may be permitted to continue their project outside the parent institute subject to the conditions in clause 10 of MTech regulations. Department will constitute an Evaluation committee to review the project work. The Evaluation committee consists of at least three faculty members of which internal guide and another expert in the specified area of the project shall be two essential members.
• The student is required to undertake the masters research project phase – I during the third semester and the same is continued in the 4th semester. (Phase – II). Phase – I consists of preliminary thesis work, two reviews of the work and the submission of preliminary report. First review would highlight the topic, objectives, methodology and expected results. Second review evaluates the progress of the work, preliminary report and scope of the work which is to be completed in the 4th semester.
Internal continuous assessment:
First Review:
Guide 50 marks
Evaluation Committee 50 marks
60
Second review:
Guide 100 marks
Evaluation Committee 100 marks
Total 300 marks
FOURTH SEMESTER
BTB 10 401 (P) MASTER RESEARCH PROJECT (PHASE II)
Teaching scheme: 30 hours per week Credits: 12
Objective
Project work empowers the student(s) to identify and frame scientific problem(s) of industrial / academic /environmental significance, design various experimental approaches to solve the problem, enhances the capacity to analyze and interpret the data to arrive at a conclusion on the subject matter of the study. The project work aims to develop the work practice in students to apply theoretical and practical tools/techniques to solve real life problems related to industry and current research.
Master research project phase – II is a continuation of project phase – I started in the third semester. Before the end of the fourth semester, there will be two reviews, one at middle of the fourth semester and other towards the end. In the first review, progress of the project work done is to be assessed. In the second review, the complete assessment (quality, quantum and authenticity) of the Thesis is to be evaluated. Both the reviews should be conducted by guide and Evaluation committee. This would be a prequalifying exercise for the students for getting approval for the submission of the thesis. At least one technical paper is to be prepared for possible publications in journal of conferences. The technical paper is to be submitted along with the thesis. The final evaluation of the project will be external evaluation. Internal continuous assessment:
First review:
Guide 50 marks
Evaluation committee 50 marks
Second review:
Guide 100 marks
Evaluation committee 100 marks
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End semester Examination: 300 marks
External Guide 150 marks
Viva voce 150 marks
62