UNITED STATES FOREIGN POLICYPart II: The Great War

UNIT 6: UNITED STATES FOREIGN POLICY, 1920S, GREAT DEPRESSION, AND THE NEW DEALZIMMERMAN, ARTHUR. TELEGRAM. 1917USE YOUR PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS GUIDE FOR DOCUMENTS.

On the first of February, we intend to begin unrestricted submarine warfare. In spite of this, it is our intention to endeavor to keep the United States of America neutral. In the event of this not succeeding, we propose an alliance on the following basis with Mexico: That we shall make war together and make peace together. We shall give generous financial support, and an understanding on our part that Mexico is to reconquer the lost territory in New Mexico, Texas, and Arizona. The details of settlement are left to you.

EXPANSIONISM

When a country tries to spread out/expand its borders

WWI: HOW DID THAT HAPPEN?Austria-Hungary

Serbia Germany and

Bulgaria

Russia

France

Britain

Canada, India, South Africa, New

Zealand, Australia

Japan

United States

Italy

Central PowersBulgaria

Austria-H.Germany

Allies (Main)Great BritainRussiaFranceUnited StatesJapanItaly

The war began in Europe in 1914 when Germany and Austria-Hungary went to war with Britain, France, and Russia.

Horrible Histories

For three years, America remained neutral, and there was strong sentiment not to get involved in a European war.

The decision to enter the war was the result of continuing German submarine warfare (violating freedom of the seas) and American ties to Great Britain.

Over There!

WORLD WAR I

Sparking event – Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand

CAUSES OF WWI

Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism

CENTRAL POWERS

GermanyAustria-HungaryBulgaria

ALLIED POWERS

RussiaFranceGreat BritainJapanUnited StatesItaly

WOODROW WILSON

President during WWIEncouraged United States to stay neutral

WHY DID THE UNITED STATES ENTER WORLD WAR I?

Sinking of the LusitaniaGermany’s invasion of neutral BelgiumZimmerman telegram

Americans wanted to ―make the world safe for democracy.‖ (Woodrow Wilson)

All is Quiet on the Western Front

OUTCOME America’s military

resources of soldiers and war materials tipped the balance of the war and led to Germany’s defeat.

WILSON’S FOURTEEN POINTS

Speech about how U.S. Foreign Policy should change following WWISelf-determinationFreedom of the seasLeague of NationsMandate System

TREATY OF VERSAILLES

Pre-war boundaries redrawnNew boundaries createdLeague of Nations createdNever ratified by the United StatesThe French and English insisted on punishment of Germany.

LEAGUE OF NATIONS League of Nations debate in United

States Objections to United States foreign

policy decisions being made by an international organization, not by U.S. leaders The Senate’s failure to approve the Treaty of Versailles

John Green