Warm Up

1)  Sit down, be quiet and let’s finish 12 years a slave

Do Now

①  In your notes create a bubble map on slavery in the American South

②  It should have 20 bubbles and include information from the movie and prior knowledge

AMERICAN UNION IN PERIL

The U.S. Divides Over Slavery I.  The United States had long been divided over

the economic and social issue of slavery

II.  Free and slave states fought over which ideology would control the US

III.  Compromises previously held the nation together but they did not provide long term solutions

A.  American System, Missouri Compromise, Compromise of 1850

Tensions Rise I.  Two factors further divided the north & south over

the issue of slavery in the 1800s: A.  The Underground Railroad – a metaphorical RR that was

designed to move slaves from the south to freedom in the north

i.  Southerners grew angry that the north was taking their property and losing them money on their investment

B.  Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin – a book written about the evils of slavery in the American south

i.  Southerners believed that her attack on slavery was an attack on their culture and their way of life

Tension Over Kansas/Nebraska I.  TheUSAorganizedtwonew

territoriesin1854:A.  KansasB.  Nebraska

II.  Issueofexpandingslaverydividedthenationagain

III.  StephenDouglas(IllinoisSenator)believedpopularsovereigntywastheproperwaytosettletheissuebetweenslave&free

IV.  ProposedKansas-NebraskaActtosolvetheproblemonceandforall

Kansas- Nebraska Act I.  Divide area into 2 territories

A.  Nebraska B.  Kansas

II.  Repeal Missouri Compromise à no 36’30 Line A.  If MO Compromise was not repealed these territories

would have to be free

III.  Popular Sovereignty used in both territories to determine slave or free

IV.  Bill passed in 1854

I.  The Compromise of 1850 opened Utah & New Mexico to popular sovereignty

II.  The Kansas-Nebraska Act opened 4 territories to popular sovereignty: A.  Utah B.  New Mexico C.  Kansas D.  Nebraska

Effects of Kansas-Nebraska Act

I.  Proslavery&antislaveryindividualsracedtoKansas&Nebraskatoinfluencethevote

A.  Americansaremovingtotheseterritoriestospreadslaveryorstopthespreadofslavery

II.  EnoughpeoplereachedKansastomakeiteligible

tobeastateinMarch1955

III.  Violencebetweenproslavery&antislaveryindividualsinKansasbecameknownasBLEEDINGKANSAS

Bleeding Kansas

I.  AmericansrushedintoKansastoinfluencethestatetobecomeaslavestateorafreestate

II.  ProslaverysettlersandantislaverysettlersviolentlyfoughtoneanotherovertheoutcomeofKansas

A.  SackofLawrenceàproslaverygroupburnedtheantislaverytownofLawrence,Kansas

B.  PottawatomieCreekMassacreàJohnBrownandagroupofantislaverymenkilledfiveproslaveryfarmersintheirhomes

Bleeding Kansas

I.  Conflictsbetweenproslaveryindividualsandabolitionistsbeganthroughoutthestate

II.  Over200individualswerekilledasaresultofBleedingKansas

III.   Significance:thefirsttimethatproslaveryandantislaveryAmericansactuallyfoughtandkilledoneanotherforthecauses.

Kansas Bleeds

Violence Spreads

I.  Proslavery & antislavery violence had already begun in Kansas

II.  The violent conflict over slavery soon made its way into the U.S. Senate A.  Senator Charles Sumner (MASS) gave a speech to

the Senate attacking the institution of slavery & the south for allowing it

B.  He personally attacked Senator Andrew Butler (S.C.) over his proslavery beliefs

Caning of Sumner I.  Congressman Preston Brooks (S.C.) believed that Charles

Sumner had insulted southern culture and deserved to pay

II.  Brooks walked into the Senate and repeatedly beat Charles Sumner in the head with a wooden cane until it broke A.  Sumner suffered severe brain damage and would not return

to the Senate for three years

III.  The divide between north & south was continuing to grow violent

I.  Although the South had tried to get Kansas to become a slave state à Kansas became free state after voting

II.  This decision demonstrated more Americans supported freedom over slavery

III.  The murder and mayhem of Bleeding Kansas were not actual Civil War battles, but they demonstrated that deadly conflict was quickly approaching.

IV.  The north and south are dividing more and more over the issue of slavery

The Union Divides