Unit 5 : Text A Unit 5 : Text A 21st Century College English:
Book 2 Holding On To A Dream
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Lead-in Activities Lead-in ActivitiesLead-in ActivitiesLead-in
Activities Text Organization Text OrganizationText OrganizationText
Organization Reading and Writing Skills Reading and Writing
SkillsReading and Writing SkillsReading and Writing Skills Language
Points Language PointsLanguage PointsLanguage Points Guided
Practice Guided PracticeGuided PracticeGuided Practice Assignment
AssignmentAssignment Unit Five: Text A
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1. How did you feel when the acceptance arrived? 2. Did you
meet financial problems at that time? 3. What do you know about
financial aid for Chinese college students? Lead-in Activities
Questions for Discussion
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Text Organization Development by Time 1987 (para.1-6) Priscilla
gave up after receiving the letter of Washington University because
of the lack of tuition fee. Then she moved out of the family to
work for the fee. 1990 (para.7-8) Priscilla enrolled at Washington
University after reapplying. 1992 (para.9) Priscilla took a
semester off to do a project in North Dakota. 1993 (para.10)
Priscilla moved to California to work for her brother and studied
at a local community college. 1994 (para.11) Priscilla graduated
from Wenatchee Valley College with a Associate of Arts degree and
enrolled again at Washington University. 1996 (para.12) She
graduated from Washington University and was awarded BA.
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1) Writing skill: developing a passage with cause- and-effect
situations Identify and learn how the author organizes the sample
cause-and-effect paragraph (paragraph 5): 2) Reading skill:
understanding the meaning of idiomatic expressions in reading
materials. Practice hypothesizing the meaning of idiomatic
expressions in reading materials. Remember that in the case of
idiomatic expressions, word formation clues can be misleading, but
that context clues examples, explanations, contrasts or parallel
phraseswill help you figure out meanings. Reading & Writing
Skills
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Intensive Study Intensive StudyIntensive StudyIntensive Study
Difficult sentences Difficult sentences Key words, phrases &
usages Key words, phrases & usages Comprehension exercises
Comprehension exercises Intensive Study
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Holding OntoHolding Onto a Dream Holding Onto 1 While preparing
to graduate from high school in 1987, Priscilla Vazquez waited
anxiously for her letter from the University of Washington, hoping
she would be the first person in her family to attend college. When
the acceptance letter arrived, she was overjoyed. While preparing
to graduate from high school in 1987the University of Washington
While preparing to graduate from high school in 1987the University
of Washington Intensive Study
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2 There was just one problem: The University of Washington
didnt have any grant money to give Priscilla. It offered her only a
small loan and expected her family to come up with the rest. My
family was making enough money to get by, but not enough to pay
that much for me to go to school, she said. come up withget bycome
up withget by
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Intensive Study 3 Priscilla called the financial-aid office for
advice. They told her that prospective students seeking more
financial aid are eligible only if they have lived apart from their
parents for a minimum of two years. During that time, their parents
cannot have claimed them as a dependent on the familys tax forms.
Hearing this, I was totally stunned, Priscilla recalls. I realized
I was going to have to take some time off, work, become financially
independent from my parents, and then reapply to school. Postponing
my dream hurt, but it was the only possibility. only ifDuring that
time, their parents cannot have claimed them as a dependent on the
familys tax formstake some time offPostponing my dream hurt only
ifDuring that time, their parents cannot have claimed them as a
dependent on the familys tax formstake some time offPostponing my
dream hurt
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Intensive Study 4 Within a month, Priscilla had found a job at
a restaurant and moved into a cheap apartment in a poor
neighborhood of Seattle. She also signed up for a job-training
program in the city, to learn to be a secretary. It was a hard
lifestyle to adjust to. I got up at 6 a.m. for a long commute to
school, finished class at 2 p.m., started work at three, got off my
shift at 11 p.m., and then I came back home and collapsed. signed
up forprogramshiftsigned up forprogramshift 5 Priscilla soon found
that her restaurant job just didnt pay enough for her to make ends
meet. So I went to the landlord of my apartment building and asked
if there was any cleaning work I could do. Since he felt sorry for
me, he agreed to give me thirty hours a month. make ends meethe
agreed to give me thirty hours a monthmake ends meethe agreed to
give me thirty hours a month
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Intensive Study 6 The job-training program was designed to last
six months. Priscilla finished it in four. They taught me various
office skills and word-processing programs. I also learned to
answer the phone in an office setting, and write proper business
letters, she said. The program helped Priscilla find employment as
a secretary with a small company. It was my first decent job, she
says. I was nineteen years old, living on my own, and making
$15,000 a year. setting
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Intensive Study 7 Priscilla reapplied to the University of
Washington and was accepted. She qualified for financial aid
because she had been independent from her parents for more than two
years. As of the fall of 1990, Priscilla was finally a college
student working full- time during the day as a secretary and going
to school full-time at night. qualified forAs ofqualified forAs of
8 Balancing work and school was difficult. I was staying up late
studying, and going to work early every morning. I was having a
hard time concentrating in class, and a hard time on the job
because I was so tired, she says. But she ended up with two As in
her first semester anyway. staying up ended up withstaying up ended
up with
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Intensive Study 9 Priscilla decided to pursue an archaeology
major, and in the summer of 1992, she got her first opportunity to
really test out her interest in the subject. The archaeological
field school of Washington State University was sponsoring a summer
research project at a site alongside the Snake River in Washington.
Priscilla threw herself into the work, and the project supervisors
were impressed. At the end of the summer, one of the professors
offered her a job. He said, we just got a contract for a project in
North Dakota. We want to hire you if youre willing to take a
semester off from school. The offer was a diversion from Priscillas
pursuit of her BA. But by then I no longer doubted that I would
ultimately finish school, so I felt comfortable grabbing this
opportunity, she says. test out threw herself intoBAtest out threw
herself intoBA
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Intensive Study 10 When the North Dakota project ended,
Priscilla moved to California, where she could live rent-free with
one of her brothers. I ended up working three jobs, trying to make
as much money as I could, she recalls. I was tired of working
full-time and being a full-time student. My goal was to save enough
money to let me go back to school, study full-time and work only
part-time. Priscillas brother ran a house-cleaning service, and he
agreed to give her work. And she decided to enroll at a local
community college where the tuition was much cheaper. community
collegecommunity college
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Intensive Study 11 Priscilla took some art classes (she was an
amateur photographer) and helped organize a gallery exhibit of
students artwork, including her own. In the spring of 1994, she
graduated from Wenatchee Valley College with a two-year Associate
of Arts degree. After graduating, Priscilla applied to the
University of Washington once more. She was accepted and enrolled
in the fall of 1994. Not having to work so many hours allowed her
to make school her priority. This was such a luxury, I was almost
sorry to graduate! Priscilla laughs. But I was awarded my BA in
January of 1996. Not having to work so many hours allowed her to
make school her priorityNot having to work so many hours allowed
her to make school her priority
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Intensive Study 12 As Priscilla looks back on her years of
struggle to make her dream come true, she is cautiously encouraging
toward others working their way through school. To balance work and
school, you have to know yourself, she says. You have to know what
you can take and what you cant take. You need a lot of discipline,
and you have to stay focused, even when you run into barriers and
distractions and delays. But mostly you need determination. If you
get put down once, just get back up there and keep fighting. You
have to know what you can take and what you cant takeIf you get put
down once, just get back up there and keep fightingYou have to know
what you can take and what you cant takeIf you get put down once,
just get back up there and keep fighting (949 words)
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hold onto/hold on to try to keep; not give up e.g. We should
hold onto the house and sell it later when prices are higher.We
should hold onto the house and sell it later when prices are
higher. They hold on to their principles with a rare firmness.They
hold on to their principles with a rare firmness. Translate Key You
should hold on to your oil shares. You should hold on to your oil
shares.
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While preparing to graduate from high school in 1987, The
adverbial V-ing phrases are used in place of adverbial clauses to
express time relationship, cause or reason, circumstances, etc..
And they may follow after, since, when(ever), and while. More to do
More to doe.g. After throwing down his jacket, the stranger moved
threateningly towards me.After throwing down his jacket, the
stranger moved threateningly towards me. He wrote his greatest
novel while working on a freighter.He wrote his greatest novel
while working on a freighter.
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1. He has travelled a lot, so he knows a great deal about other
cultures. 2. After she had finished all her housework, she decided
to see what was on TV. X.Rewrite the following sentences., he knows
a great deal about other cultures. Having travelled a lot, he knows
a great deal about other cultures., she decided to see what was on
TV. Having finished all her housework, she decided to see what was
on TV. Exercises Structure Ex. X, p. 144 II : Ex. X, p. 144
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3. Because we had spent nearly all our money, we couldn t
afford to stay in a hotel. 4. Since she had forgotten his telephone
number, she didn t know how to get in touch with him., we couldnt
afford to stay in a hotel. Having spent nearly all our money, we
couldnt afford to stay in a hotel., she didnt know how to get in
touch with him. Having forgotten his telephone number, she didnt
know how to get in touch with him. X.Rewrite the following
sentences. Exercises Structure
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5. After he had cleaned the windows, he started to mop the
floor. 6. I feel much better now that I ve taken the medicine you
gave me., he started to mop the floor. Having cleaned the windows,
he started to mop the floor., I feel much better. Having taken the
medicine you gave me, I feel much better. X.Rewrite the following
sentences. Exercises Structure
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Text-related information The University of Washington The
University of Washington is a state -supported institution of
higher education occupying a campus of 684 acres in Seattle,
Washington State, USA. Founded in 1861, the university is the
oldest publicly supported institution on the US Pacific Coast.
Instruction was first offered on a campus in what is now the
central business district of Seattle. The move to the present
campus was made in 1895. The university library collection
containsover 5 million catalogued volumes, an equal number in
microform and several million items in other formats.
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come up with 1) produce (a sum of money) when it is especially
needed remaining part of the expenses Chinese Translation 2000 e.g.
You have no choice but to come up with the $2,000 you owe me.You
have no choice but to come up with the $2,000 you owe me. More to
learn More to learn
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come up with 2) think of or suggest (a plan or a way of doing
sth. esp. a very clever one) e.g. Weve got a team of experts
working on the problem lets wait and see what they come up with.
Weve got a team of experts working on the problem lets wait and see
what they come up with. Translate Key If you cannot come up with an
answer to the question in ten seconds, you are out of the
game.
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get by 1) just manage to survive and have a fairly satisfactory
life, often used in get by (on sth.) e.g. When I was a student I
used to be able to get by on 20 yuan a month.When I was a student I
used to be able to get by on 20 yuan a month. Translate Key How
does he get by on such a small salary? How does he get by on such a
small salary? More to learn More to learn
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get by 2) reach a standard that is acceptable but not very good
e.g. He should just about get by in the exam.He should just about
get by in the exam. Perhaps I can get by in a dark suit.Perhaps I
can get by in a dark suit. Translate Key Your work could get by,
but try to improve it. Your work could get by, but try to improve
it.
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only if Cf. If only is used to express a wish, desire or pity.
e.g. If only you had been to the party!If only you had been to the
party! If only she could have lived a little longer!If only she
could have lived a little longer! Only if is used to describe a
condition. e.g. I will come only if nothing is said to the press.I
will come only if nothing is said to the press. He will agree to do
it only if you promise to keep his secret.He will agree to do it
only if you promise to keep his secret. More to do More to do
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1. I wish you could stay longer in Britain your English might
improve. 2. Children may enter the club on the condition that they
are accompanied by adults. IX.Study the differences between only if
and if only and rewrite the following sentences as either if only
or only if sentences. you could stay longer in Britain your English
might improve. If only you could stay longer in Britain your
English might improve. Children may enter the club they are
accompanied by adults. Children may enter the club only if they are
accompanied by adults. Exercises Structure Ex. IX, p. 143 II : Ex.
IX, p. 143
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3. It s too bad you didn tell me you had a spare ticket for the
show! 4. You can go to the sky-diving exhibition as long as you
promise you won t try it yourself. youd told me you had a spare
ticket for the show! If only youd told me you had a spare ticket
for the show! You can go to the sky-diving exhibition you promise
you wont try it yourself. You can go to the sky-diving exhibition
only if you promise you wont try it yourself. IX.Study the
differences between only if and if only and rewrite the following
sentences as either if only or only if sentences. Exercises
Structure
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5.The students at this university are allowed to take up part-
time employment on the condition that it doesn t interfere with
their studies. 6. Why did she tell my mother?! Everything would
have been all right. The students at this university are allowed to
take up part- time employment it doesnt interfere with their
studies. The students at this university are allowed to take up
part- time employment only if it doesnt interfere with their
studies. she hadnt told my mother,everything would have been all
right. If only she hadnt told my mother,everything would have been
all right. IX.Study the differences between only if and if only and
rewrite the following sentences as either if only or only if
sentences. Exercises Structure
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Paraphrase? During these two years, their parents cannot have
stated on the tax forms that they were supported by the family (to
entitle the family to deductions from its taxable income). During
these two years, their parents cannot have stated on the tax forms
that they were supported by the family (to entitle the family to
deductions from its taxable income). During that time, their
parents cannot have claimed them as a dependent on the familys tax
forms.
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take (a period of time) off have (the time) from ones regular
activity (as a break, a holiday or for some other activity) e.g. He
usually plays tennis on Sunday but decided to take that Sunday
off.He usually plays tennis on Sunday but decided to take that
Sunday off. He took two hours off to meet his sister at the
airport.He took two hours off to meet his sister at the airport.
Translate Key Im taking next week off (work). Im taking next week
off (work).
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Postponing my dream hurt, The nominal V-ing phrase usually
occurs in the position of subject, direct object, predicative,
appositive, prepositional object, etc. More to do More to doe.g.
Seeing is believing.Seeing is believing. No one enjoys deceiving
his own people.No one enjoys deceiving his own people. I am tired
of being treated like a child.I am tired of being treated like a
child.
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1. _____ ( ) also made a strong impression on her. 2. _____ ( )
will only cause trouble. XI.Complete each of the following
sentences, using a V-ing phrase as its subject. Seeing so many
people around here living in poverty Bringing up the subject at the
meeting Exercises Structure Ex. XI, p. 144 II : Ex. XI, p. 144
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3. _____ ( ) always makes him feel happy. 4. _____ ( ) will not
necessarily improve your scores. Looking back on the past Staying
up late studying before an examination XI.Complete each of the
following sentences, using a V-ing phrase as its subject. Exercises
Structure
Slide 37
5. _____ ( ) proved to be difficult at that time. 6. _____ ( )
allowed Priscilla to save money for school. Working full-time and
being a full-time student Living at home rent-free XI.Complete each
of the following sentences, using a V-ing phrase as its subject.
Exercises Structure
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sign up (for) sign ones name when joining an organization, a
group, or a course of study e.g. What made you decide to sign up
for the art course? What made you decide to sign up for the art
course? Translate Key We will not have the picnic unless more
people sign up (for it).
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program n. plan or schedule of subjects studied for a
particular course e.g. A final thesis is required for most Masters
programs and Doctorate program.A final thesis is required for most
Masters programs and Doctorate program. Her new fitness program
includes a 0.5-mile jog every morning.Her new fitness program
includes a 0.5-mile jog every morning.
Slide 40
shift n. period of time worked by a worker who starts work as
another finishes e.g. the day/night shift the day/night shift work
in three shifts work in three shifts
Slide 41
make (both) ends meet be able to manage financially because one
has just enough money for ones needs; live within ones income e.g.
They decided to sell their big house to make ends meet. They
decided to sell their big house to make ends meet. Translate Key He
managed to make (both) ends meet with two jobs.
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he said he would offer me a job that took thirty hours a month
he said he would offer me a job that took thirty hours a month he
agreed to give me thirty hours a month
Slide 43
setting n. a particular set of circumstances or conditions e.g.
Working in a university setting you cant ignore these
things.Working in a university setting you cant ignore these
things. Translate Key Children should be cared for in a home
setting. Children should be cared for in a home setting.
Slide 44
qualify for have the right to have or do (sth.) e.g. After
three years here youll qualify for a rise. After three years here
youll qualify for a rise. Our team has qualified for the
semi-final. Our team has qualified for the semi-final. Translate
Key With a Doctorate degree, he obviously qualifies for the
job.
Slide 45
as of / from starting from e.g. The new timetable will come
into effect as from tomorrow.The new timetable will come into
effect as from tomorrow. Translate Key As of next week, I will be
working at home.
Slide 46
stay up do not go to bed e.g. The children wanted to stay up
late on Christmas eve, but their mother managed to put them to bed
before elevenThe children wanted to stay up late on Christmas eve,
but their mother managed to put them to bed before eleven Translate
Key He stayed up reading until midnight.
Slide 47
end up with/doing (sth.) receive/do (sth.) in the end (esp.
sth. One originally did not expect) e.g. At first he refused to
accept any responsibility but he ended up apologizing.At first he
refused to accept any responsibility but he ended up apologizing.
Translate Key After much effort, they ended up with a
contract.
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test out test as fully as possible; examine thoroughly e.g. He
conducted experiments to test out his ideas. He conducted
experiments to test out his ideas. The drug is quite safe. We have
tested it out on animals. The drug is quite safe. We have tested it
out on animals.
Slide 49
throw oneself into put much effort, time and keenness into (a
particular activity, etc.); do (sth.) with a lot of effort and
energy e.g. She threw herself into her work heart and soul.She
threw herself into her work heart and soul. He will throw himself
into the battle against bureaucracy.He will throw himself into the
battle against bureaucracy. Translate Key After school, John threw
himself into computer games. After school, John threw himself into
computer games.
Slide 50
Text-related information More to know More to know Degree,
Credit, and Credit hour Degrees are titles conferred on students by
a college or university on completion of a program of study.
Normally there are four types of degrees: Associates (completion of
a program in a specific career field), Bachelors (conferred after
completion of an undergraduate program), Masters (first graduate
degree), and Doctorate (second graduate degree and final
degree).
Slide 51
Text-related information Credits or credit hours are units of
measuring educational credit based on a given number of classroom
periods per week throughout a semester. At the college and
university level, each course is assigned a number of credit hours.
All degree programs require students to complete a minimum number
of credit hours before graduation. In most Doctorate programs,
students continue to take courses. Until they have earned enough
credit hours to attempt their qualifying exams, they can begin to
write their final thesis. Since degree requirements can be very
complex and vary from one program to another, all students should
check with their departments and program advisors to make sure they
are meeting the requirements of their particular program.
Slide 52
Text-related information Community College A community college
is a two-year college that offers programs of study enabling
students to terminate their higher education with an earned degree,
transfer to a senior college, or pursue studies that do not lead to
a degree. An Associate of Arts or Associate of Science degree (A.A.
or A.S.) is awarded upon completion of two years of study.
Community colleges offer a wide range of academic, vocational and
avocational programs and also provide non-credit adult education.
Students can transfer to four-year colleges from community college.
More to know More to know
Slide 53
Text-related information Community colleges have fairly open
admissions policy and flexible curricula. They are the educational
and cultural centers of the communities they serve. Wenatchee
Valley College was founded in 1939, is a community college located
145 miles from Seattle in Wenatchee, Washington State, USA.
Slide 54
Not having to work so many hours allowed her to make school her
priority. e.g. Fire engines and ambulances have priority over other
traffic.Fire engines and ambulances have priority over other
traffic. If medical supplies are short, children will be given
priority.If medical supplies are short, children will be given
priority. More to learn More to learn priority n. the thing that is
considered most important and needs attention before anything
else
Slide 55
Paraphrase? Not having to work so many hours gave her time and
efforts to studies at school before anything else. Not having to
work so many hours gave her time and efforts to studies at school
before anything else. Not having to work so many hours allowed her
to make school her priority.
Slide 56
Paraphrase? You have to know what you are able to cope with and
what you are unable to. You have to know what you are able to cope
with and what you are unable to. You have to know what you can take
and what you cant take.
Slide 57
If you get put down once, just get back up there and keep
fighting. e.g. The boy got hurt on his way home from school. (But
never: The boy got given a violin by his father.)The boy got hurt
on his way home from school. (But never: The boy got given a violin
by his father.) The story eventually got translated into
English.The story eventually got translated into English. More to
learn More to learn Get in the sentence is used as a passive
auxiliary which, however, is usually restricted to constructions
without an expressed agent. The get-passive is avoided in formal
style. Even in informal English it is far less frequent than the
be-passive.
Slide 58
put down suppress; defeat e.g. We were able to put down the
opposing team at the first half of the game.We were able to put
down the opposing team at the first half of the game. Translate
revolt Key They had to put down several revolts before they gained
complete control of the country. If you get put down once, just get
back up there and keep fighting.
III.Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the
form where necessary. 1.There are plenty of companies that are
eager to _____ young athletes if they show enough promise. sponsor
2.To succeed in life it is not sufficient only to have talent,
capacity and training, one must also have _____ or a strong will.
determination prospectiveultimatelyemploymentminimum
exhibitsettingdeterminationeligible loanpriorityclaimsponsor Ex.
III, p. 139 II : Ex. III, p. 139 Vocabulary
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III.Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the
form where necessary. 3. I dont _____ to be an expert on modern
art, but I do know this painting is ugly! claim 4.When his _____
employers learned that he had had a drinking problem, they decided
against hiring him. prospective
prospectiveultimatelyemploymentminimum
exhibitsettingdeterminationeligible loanpriorityclaimsponsor
Vocabulary
Slide 62
III.Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the
form where necessary. 5.The position requires a masters degree and
a _____ of two years work experience. minimum 6. David struggled
for years to make it as an actor, but _____ gave up an went back to
his musical career. ultimately
prospectiveultimatelyemploymentminimum
exhibitsettingdeterminationeligible loanpriorityclaimsponsor
Vocabulary
Slide 63
III.Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the
form where necessary. 7.Overseas students are _____ to enroll in
all the regular courses, provided they have the necessary
qualifications. eligible 8.A Korean company is planning to open a
factory here, which will provide _____ for about 2,000 people.
employment prospectiveultimatelyemploymentminimum
exhibitsettingdeterminationeligible loanpriorityclaimsponsor
Vocabulary
Slide 64
III.Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the
form where necessary. 9.Id always worked in an academic _____, so
my new position as an office manager was a big change for me.
setting 10.Its much easier for big businesses to get bank _____
than it is for small companies. loans
prospectiveultimatelyemploymentminimum
exhibitsettingdeterminationeligible loanpriorityclaimsponsor
Vocabulary
Slide 65
III.Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the
form where necessary. 11.Theres a new _____ of classical artwork at
the museum do you want to go? exhibit 12.The city governments first
_____ is to build a new airport this year. priority
prospectiveultimatelyemploymentminimum
exhibitsettingdeterminationeligible loanpriorityclaimsponsor
Vocabulary
Slide 66
Cloze XIV. Fill each blank below with a word from the following
list Ex. XIV, p. 145 II : Ex. XIV, p. 145 get inquiredknown
prospective opportunitystunned available knowing stunning
ultimately whereas claimedfirst priority lasteligible
domakeassumeas outonup
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When I visited the Netherlands last year, my first impression
was that it was all too good to be true: a country where everyone
is satisfied?! So, _____ that young people everywhere are gifted
social critics, I sought _____ some university students and _____
what issues young people were concerned about. I was _____ to learn
that the main problem students there see is with employment. In a
country thats made good work conditions a[n] _____, this came as a
real surprise. Even more _____ was the fact that it wasnt
unemployment that these students were worried about it was as a
shortage of highly paid management positions _____ to fresh
university graduates. When I visited the Netherlands last year, my
first impression was that it was all too good to be true: a country
where everyone is satisfied?! So, _____ that young people
everywhere are gifted social critics, I sought _____ some
university students and _____ what issues young people were
concerned about. I was _____ to learn that the main problem
students there see is with employment. In a country thats made good
work conditions a[n] _____, this came as a real surprise. Even more
_____ was the fact that it wasnt unemployment that these students
were worried about it was as a shortage of highly paid management
positions _____ to fresh university graduates. knowing inquired out
stunned stunning priority available Exercises Cloze
Slide 68
_____ the students expressed their resentment toward the older
generation for taking _____ all the good jobs and their bitterness
over the thought of struggling to _____ ends meet on an entry-level
salary, I couldnt help looking back _____ my own early employment
experiences. I had graduated with honors from a good school, but my
first job was doing door-to-door market research for salary that
just barely allowed me to _____ by. For some reason I never
resented that or doubted that Id _____ end up with a better job.
_____ the students expressed their resentment toward the older
generation for taking _____ all the good jobs and their bitterness
over the thought of struggling to _____ ends meet on an entry-level
salary, I couldnt help looking back _____ my own early employment
experiences. I had graduated with honors from a good school, but my
first job was doing door-to-door market research for salary that
just barely allowed me to _____ by. For some reason I never
resented that or doubted that Id _____ end up with a better job.
make on up get ultimately As Cloze
Slide 69
I simply accepted that a young person who was just starting out
would have to struggle a bit at _____. I didnt _____ that my
university education gave me the right to expect special treatment.
I thought my university education was a special privilege. first
assume Cloze
Slide 70
XIII.Translate the following sentences into English.
Translation Ex. XIII, p. 145 II : Ex. XIII, p. 145
Slide 71
1. offer The university offered Priscilla only a small loan and
she had to come up with the rest of the money herself. a small loan
come up with Translation
Slide 72
2. with With the small income from her restaurant job, Mary
could barely make (both) ends meet. Thats why she had found some
cleaning work to do in the apartment building where she lived. make
both ends meet thats why Translation
Slide 73
3. stay up late study In the first two semesters, she often
stayed up late studying because she knew she had to get the highest
GPA in her class to qualify for the scholarship. the highest GPA
quality for Translation
Slide 74
4. find employment in/with that company Anyone who wants to
find employment in/with that company must have at least a masters
degree, if not a Ph.D. Otherwise he or she will not be accepted. if
not at least Translation
Slide 75
5. only if Only if you throw yourself into your studies will
you ultimately achieve your long-term goal of becoming an
archaeologist. throw oneself into archaeologist Translation
Slide 76
6. have a ready smile In the office Beth always looked happy
and had a ready smile. But deep down, she was tired of being a
secretary. She wanted to do something more creative. deep down be
tired of doing something Translation
Slide 77
7. migrant farm laborer A migrant farm laborer from Mexico, my
father was overjoyed when I was accepted by the University of
Washington and became the first person in my family to attend
college. be overjoyed Translation
Slide 78
8. look back on When Priscilla looked back on her years of hard
struggle, she said that it was no easy job to balance work and
study. years of hard struggle balance Translation
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Structured Writing Have a look at the sample cause-and-effect
paragraph based on the outline below: Cause 1: Priscilla / so many
jobs Effect 1: tend / naps during classes Since Priscilla had so
many jobs, she tended to take naps during her classes. Cause 2:
most / classmates / sorry for me Effect 2: Special efforts not to
wake me up / loud classroom discussions Most of my classmates felt
sorry for me, she says. So they made special efforts not to wake me
up with loud classroom discussions.
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Structured Writing Ex. XVI, p. 148 II : Ex. XVI, p. 148 Here
are some pairs of cause-and-effect relationships for you to choose
from to write your own paragraph in the style of the given
example.
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some working students end up / more money than their
teacherssome working students end up / more money than their
teachers knowing this/ more sympathetic Priscilla says / can afford
better food and clothes / my teachersPriscilla says / can afford
better food and clothes / my teachers special efforts / cooperative
in class cultural differences / different education systemscultural
differences / different education systems different expectations of
students / difficult for foreign students to adjust Confucian
heritage / Asian parents / many sacrifices for their
childrenConfucian heritage / Asian parents / many sacrifices for
their children strong family orientation / higher expectations
Structured Writing
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Some working students end up earning / making more money than
their teachers. Knowing this, they feel / are more sympathetic.
Priscilla says, I can afford better food and clothes than my
teachers can, so I make special efforts to be cooperative in class.
or: Priscilla says, Since I can afford better food and clothes than
my teachers (can), I make special efforts to be cooperative in
class. Sample Paragraph for Pair 1 and 2 Structured Writing
Slide 83
Assignment 1.Ex. VI, p. 141 2.Ex. VII, p. 142 3.Ex. VIII, p.
142 4.Ex. XIII, p. 145 5.Ex. XIV, p. 145 6.Preview Text B