Upload
jean-ross
View
332
Download
2
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Teaching Objectives
Learn background information Understand the writing style of the spe
ech Get to know rhetorical devices
Teaching Points
I. Background informationII. Structural analysis III. Detailed study of the textIV. Rhetorical devices
I. Background Information
World War II: (1937 / 1939 -1945) The conflict resulted from the rise of totalitarian, fascism in
German, Japan and Italy July 7. 1937 Japan invaded Central China. Sep. 1938 Munich Pact, which sacrificed much of Czechoslovakia to German
y Aug. 1939 Russia-Germany non-aggression pact Sept. 1, 1939 German invasion of Poland Sept. 3, 1939 France and Britain declared war on Germany, officially beginning
World War II
Background Information
June 22, 1940France surrendered. Aug-Oct. 1940The Battle of Britain (2,300 to 900)Jun 22. 1941 German invasion of the Soviet Union.
I. Background Information
Dec. 7, 1941 Pearl Harbour Sept. 1943 the Allies conquered Sicily and South Italy. Italy
surrendered. May 7. 1945 Germany surrendered unconditionally. Aug. 14, 1945 Japan announced its surrender.
Background Information
Adolph Hitler, (1889 - 1945) founder and leader of the National Socialist German Workers‘ Party, was born an Austrian.
1920 the Nazi Party1933 Chancellor
Background Information
1934the union of the presidency and
chancellorship in Hitler's person, the FührerTHE THIRD REICH
Background Information
1944 an assassination attempt April 29, 1945married his long-time mistress, Eva
BraunApril 30, 1945committed suicide
Background Information
MEIN KAMPT - My StruggleAryan's SuperiorityNazi: National sozialistthe National Socialist German
Workers' PartyElite Corps, black guards党卫军、黑衫党
Background Information
CHURCHILL Sir Winston Leonard
Spencer Churchill (Nov. 30, 1874 - Jan. 24, 1965)
May 1940 - May 1945 first tenure as P.M.
Oct. 1951 - Jan. 1955 second tenure as P.M.
Background Information
1953 knighted
Sir Winston Churchill
1953 the Nobel Prize in Literature
1955 refusing the title of duke
II. Structural analysis
Part I: a piece of narrationBackground of the speechPart II. the speech properan argument or persuasionSection 1: The Nazi regime… horrors
upon mankind…Scenario on both sides of the border. To arouse emotion.
II. Structural analysis
Section 2: I have to declare the…in determination and in resources.
What we should do.Section 3: This is no time…life and power
remain.Further persuasion, to convince the audience
of the justification of the decision.
II. Structural analysis
Type of literature-- a piece of argumentation The purpose of a piece of argumentation: -- to persuade, that is, to defend what is true a
nd to attack what is false by the use of reason Ways of developing a piece of argumentation: --
by deduction -- by induction
III. Detailed Study of the Text
conviction: a very firm and sincere belief
Conviction usu. implies previous doubt or uncertainty.
I speak in the full conviction that our cause is just.
His political convictions are radical.
III. Detailed Study of the Text
certainty: the state of being definite or having no doubts
(here in the text) clearly established fact
It's a certainty that this horse will win in the race.
After three days, our victory became a certainty.
III. Detailed Study of the Text
surprise: attack suddenly and without warningThey surprised the enemy from the rear.
ground: (of pilot or plane) to stay on the groundThe ship grounded on a hidden sandbank in the
shallow water.grounded on the airfield: lying still on the airfield
III. Detailed Study of the Text
round up: to gather together scattered
animals, to collect together animals
that are scattered
A cowboy / dog rounds up the cattle /
sheep.
III. Detailed Study of the Text
horde: a large number or crowd, throng
a horde of locustsWhen a contemptuous term is
desired, it is preferred to crowd and throng, esp, when implying rude, rough or savage character.
Detailed Study of the Text
be true of: be the same case, be suitable to
What he says of women is true of men.
People in cities have larger houses now, and the same is true of the living condition in the countryside.
Detailed Study of the Text
revert to: to go back to a former subject, talk about again
The pressure made him revert to his old habit of smoking.
Shall we revert to our previous topic?arch: principal, chief arch- angel, bishop, criminal, enemy,
rebel, rival, etc.
Detailed Study of the Text
not bowing down in the House of Rimmon:
Q: You are not doing sth. against your own beliefs, are you?
A: No, not at all.
Detailed Study of the Text
Rimmon:a deity worshipped by Syrians of Damascus.
Syrian Captain Naaman had leprosy.His Israeli servant told Elisha, a prophet
God.Elisha told Naaman to wash in the
Jordan River 7 times and thus he was cured.
Detailed Study of the Text
The Nazi regime is extremely cruel. It has invaded other countries in the most savage way. The invasions are so effective that they surpass all other kind of human cruelty.
The Nazi regime is very effective in cruel suppression of and savage attack on other countries, in this respect it is worse than any other known form of evil.
Detailed Study of the Text
means of existence: (Here) food and clothing to keep people alive, things for people to survive
wring (wrung): to press hard on, squeeze, to twist, to get by force
to wring water from the wet clothes
His sad story wrung our hearts.
IV. Rhetorical devices
Simile: a comparison between two unlike things having at least one quality or characteristic in common.
tenor: the subject of the comparison Vehicle: the image of which this idea is conveyed The vehicle is almost always introduced by the word "like" or
"as".
IV. Rhetorical devices
The bus (tenor) went as slowly similarity as a snail (vehicle).
The water lay grey and wrinkled like an elephant's skin.
Her eyes were jet black, and her hair was like a waterfall.
IV. Rhetorical devices
Metaphor: a comparison between two unlike things, but the comparison is implied rather than stated. Contrary to a simile in which the resemblance between two unlike things is clearly stated, in a metaphor nothing is mentioned.
The essential form of a metaphor is X is Y, and all forms of metaphor can be condensed into this form.
IV.Rhetorical devices
Snow clothes the ground. Snow (X---tenor) is clothe (Y---vehicle). Boys and girls, tumbling in the streets and playing,
were moving jewels. Boy (X---tenor) is jewel (Y---vehicle) . The ship ploughed the sea. Ship (X --- tenor) is plough (Y ---vehicle)
IV. Rhetorical devices
Metaphor:They will be rounded up in hordes.I see Russian soldiers standing on
the threshold...Means of existence is wrung from the
soil...
IV.Rhetorical devices
Metaphor:cataract of horrorsrid the earth of his shadow...liberate
people from his yokeThe scene will be clear for the final
act.
IV.Rhetorical devices
Alliteration:dull, drilled, docile...for his hearth and homewith its clanking, heel-clicking...
IV.Rhetorical devices
Assonance: the use of the same or related, vowel sounds in successive words
clanking, heel-clicking,… cowing and tying ...plodding on like crawling
locusts, ...smarting from many a British whipping... easier and safer prey
IV.Rhetorical devices
Repetition: We have but one aim and one single purpose nothing will turn us---nothing We will never parley, we will never negotiate... This is our policy and this is our declaration as we shall faithfully and steadfastly
IV.Rhetorical devices
Parallelism: The past, with its crimes, its follies, and its tragedies... I see,...I see... the return of the bread-winner, of their champion, of their protector
IV.Rhetorical devices
We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the airAny man or state... Any man or state...Let us... Let us...
IV.Rhetorical devices
Noun phrases: I had not the slightest doubt where ... With great rapidity and violence Periodic sentences: When I awoke on...invasion of Russia. If Hitler imagines that... woefully mistaken.